Dissertationen: „Attitudes“

1

Petermann, Waldemar. „Attitudes toward Attitude : Kenneth Burke's views on Attitude“. Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27558.

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In this thesis, a review of Kenneth Burke's use of the term attitude in his published works as well as in some unpublished notes, drafts and letters, is performed. Three periods of different usage are found. Early works feature a pervasive attitude with elements of both body and mind. This attitude is then subsumed into the pentad and the physiological connection is diminished, but attitude is given an important function as a connective between action and motion. The later Burke reinstates attitude as central to his theory of symbolic action, reconnects it to the physiological and includes it in the Pentad with parsimony-inducing effect. The attitude is then found to aid rhetorical analysis and show promise in being able to help analyse expressions not wholly in the realm of the conscious, be they in the form of a Bourdieu social practice or barely conscious rhetorical markers in conversation.

2

Hoffmann, Christin Sylvana. „Attitudes and attitude change in personal travel“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34656.

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High levels of personal car use have negative effects on the environment and on human health. This thesis presents four empirical studies that aimed to develop our knowledge of personal travel choices, focussing on the malleability of attitudes and their sensitivity in relation to specific contexts and goals. The first study (Chapter 2) presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of mechanisms of travel mode choice. The study provides a comprehensive overview of antecedents of car use and non-car use, including sub-group analyses of different contextual factors. Results also highlight the need for standardised measures and consideration of implicit thought processes. The second study (Chapter 3) employs a repertory grid technique to elicit perceptions of seven different transport modes from high mileage car users and non-car users. Comparisons between car users and non-car users highlight potentially effective and ineffective intervention targets. Findings show how sustainable transport might be promoted amongst a portfolio of travel choices. The third study (Chapter 4) utilises qualitative methods to explore the extent to which individuals’ attitude expressions are changeable. The study demonstrates that all participants hold ambivalent and conflicting attitudes, highlighting specific situations in which those attitudes are more likely to be unstable. Two related priming experiments are presented in the final empirical chapter (Chapter 5). Both use survey methodology to investigate whether manipulating the salience of car-use-incongruent goals can lead to more positive attitudes towards and increased willingness to use non-car travel modes. The study confirms that people who are motivated to make changes are a potentially optimal target group for interventions based on subliminal messages. Overall, the research presented in this thesis introduces context sensitivity into the transport literature and offers novel insights into perceptions of a range of travel modes. Recommendations include relevant avenues for future research, findings are discussed in light of implications for transport policy and practice.

3

Rydell, Robert Joseph. „The implicit and explicit effects of changing a conditioned attitude“. Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1112297169.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2005.
Title from second page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [2], vi, 113 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-87).

4

Parker, Cynthia T. „An evaluation of student reading attitudes : does ability affect attitude? /“. Electronic version (PDF), 2004. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2004/parkerc/cynthiaparker.pdf.

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5

Warriner, G. Keith. „The rise and fall of attitudes : longitudinal comparisons with economic motive using data from a field experiment“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25988.

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Littering, giving blood, conserving energy, voter registration and wearing seatbelts serve as examples of public behaviours which governments have attempted to alter. Whether it be for purposes of controlling costs, helping other citizens, or protecting the environment, altering behavioural patterns which operate against the general well-being of society has become big business. A plethora of techniques have been employed in efforts to sway the activity patterns of people. While various approaches have been undertaken, the research focuses upon two traditions. First, an economic or behavioural approach is employed where behavioural changes are believed to be influenced most effectively by material rewards. Second, cognitive or attitudinal approaches stress that attitudes play an operative role in effecting behavioural change. Using shifts in daily patterns of energy use as an example of social behaviour, the research reported here contrasts cognitive and economic models. While the two approaches can be complementary, it also may be that under certain conditions one or the other model is most successful. Where the two models do contrast is in the predictions made about what behavioural change will result after the removal of economic incentives. Data from a large field-experiment using a multi-stage probability sample of nearly 700 Wisconsin households is analysed to examine the influence of cognitive and behavioural models of time-of-day energy usage. The objective of the experiment was to determine whether economic stimuli could be used to reduce peoples' use of peak-time energy consumption. Behavioural change in energy consumption patterns was measured by in-house meters which recorded all usage for a year prior to the introduction of special time-of-day rates; for three years while the rates were in effect; and for a sub-sample of households, the summer after the rates ended. In addition, three waves of survey data from mailed questionnaires administered prior to, during, and following the experiment allow monitoring of the development and change in attitude toward time-of-day pricing of electricity, and its influence on behaviour. In contrast to earlier published work, this analysis suggests only a minimal, independent impact of attitude on behavioural change under time-of-day electricity rates. At the conclusion of the experiment, and in the absence of any further financial rewards, households, by and large, returned to former consumption levels. Concomitant changes in attitudinal commitment occurred as well. Nevertheless, a subset of households, constituting some twenty percent of the original sample, remained highly committed to peak electricity reductions and, to a degree, maintained their prior conserving behaviours without further financial reward. Several analyses were performed in an attempt to reconcile the contradictory nature of the current findings with those of earlier research. It is argued that the apparent influence of attitude in affecting behaviour at the time the pricing incentive was in effect was exaggerated by householders substituting an attitudinal for a financial motive. Further, the influence of price on attitude formation may have been underestimated due to the curvilinear relation of price with behaviour. Evidence in support of each of these hypotheses is provided. It is concluded that, in combination with price, attitude is important to maintaining behavioural change, but that its independent influence, in this instance, is minor. At the same time, the effect of price appears less based on the size of the pricing incentive, than serving as an informational source signalling appropriate action, irrespective of the absolute financial reward. Finally, the thesis concludes with some speculations on the lessons from this experiment for other attempts to alter behavioural patterns.
Arts, Faculty of
Sociology, Department of
Graduate

6

Nga-Ndongo, Valentin. „L'opinion camerounaise“. Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100130.

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Existe-t-il une opinion africaine, et peut-on la connaitre scientifiquement ? cette recherche examine (tome 1), sous l'angle de la sociologie critique, les apriorismes de la << theorie bourgeoise >> qui pose l'opinion comme une preeminence des societes << globales >> par opposition aux societes <>, l'ideologie de l'inferiorite du noir africain. Aussi l'auteur propose-t-il, pour l'opinion africaine, une toute autre methodologie qu'il essaie (tome 2) d'operationnaliser sur la societe camerounaise: une analyse dynamiste de la dramaturgie politique, de la publicite et de la communication alternative, montre une opinion vigoureuse, marquee par une imbrication de la sphere << publique >> et de celle des soidisant incompetents. Le cas camerounais revele finalement, de l'afrique, une societe << ordinaire >>, produisant une opinion saisie a la fois comme specificite et universalite.

7

Clark, Khaya Delaine. „The development of a racial attitudes index, grades K--3 /“. Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1616787981&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-152). Also available in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

8

Johansson, Sevä Ingemar. „Welfare state attitudes in context : local contexts and attitude formation in Sweden“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-21046.

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Welfare state attitudes are often studied from the perspective of the individual's characteristics and/or national or regime-type contexts. This thesis instead seeks explanations for individuals' varying attitudes towards the welfare state at the level of local contexts (municipalities). Sweden is used as a case for testing whether there are such contextual effects. The general aim is to find out whether social, political, and institutional aspects of local context influence the attitudes of individuals. Since the general aim of this thesis is to examine how background characteristics of individuals and characteristics of local contexts simultaneously act in shaping individuals' attitudes, I use multilevel modelling in order to handle individual-level and contextual-level data simultaneously. Latent-class analysis (LCA) is also employed in the analyses to explore the patterning of variables. This is mainly done in order to create dependent variables and to distinguish between categories of municipalities sharing similar characteristics. The data consist of Swedish survey data, which have been complemented by municipal-level data. The findings indicate that the social and political context of municipalities can matter for individuals' attitude formation. Variation across municipalities in terms of the prevalence of social problems and risks seems to influence how individuals view the welfare state. Local municipal contexts characterized by many social problems and risks tend to be associated with more welfare state friendly attitudes among the local inhabitants, after taking individual-level determinants into account. Support for high social spending is greater in such milieus as is the tendency to view welfare beneficiaries with less suspicion regarding the potential abuse of welfare policies. Regarding the influence of local public service provision on attitudes, no evidence was found for feedback effects on individuals' attitudes toward public service privatization. In their attitudes towards the welfare state, individuals are to some extent influenced by their local environment. There seems to be a 'built in' thermostat in the Swedish welfare state. Local circumstances characterized by social problems and risks tend to be associated with a local citizenry having more welfare state-friendly attitudes.

9

Goss, Robert Justin. „Spinning Fantasies into Consumer Attitudes: A Fantasy Realization Perspective of Attitude Formation“. Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/goss/GossR0506.pdf.

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Fantasy Realization Theory (Oettingen 1996) states that people can dwell on their negative reality, fantasize about a positive future, or mentally compare each. When individuals mentally compare, commitment to the goal of achieving their fantasy is influenced by expectations for goal attainability. Consistent with the attitude literature, such expectations can be influenced by the quality of arguments within an advertisement. Merging these ideas, we predicted and found that participants' attitudes toward purchasing a car were influenced by the quality of arguments presented in an advertisement for a car dealership, but only if they mentally compared fantasies and reality.

10

Johansson, Sevä Ingemar. „Welfare state attitudes in context : local contexts and attitude formation in Sweden /“. Umeå : Sociologiska instutionen, Umeå universitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-21046.

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11

Dasgupta, Madhuchanda Ghose. „The influence of individual differences on the effectiveness of comparative advertising“. Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29886.

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12

Bertrandias, Laurent. „Sélection et influence des sources personnelles d'information du consommateur“. Toulouse 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10006.

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Pour choisir entre différentes alternatives, les consommateurs ont généralement besoin de s'informer. Leur réseau relationnel représente une source d'information à la fois plus crédible, plus accessible et plus persuasive que les autres sources, a fortiori commerciales. Cependant, les consommateurs doivent choisir les personnes auxquelles demander conseil ; l'objet de cette thèse est alors d'expliquer pourquoi certaines sources personnelles d'information sont préférées à d'autres. La sélection des sources est envisagée comme le résultat d'un processus d'évaluation fondé sur trois critères : le degré d'expertise attribuée à la source, la force du lien partagé avec la source et la capacité de la source à répondre au besoin informationnel du consommateur, opérationnalisée par le concept d'influence attribuée. Une démarche expérimentale menée sur 1141 dyades source/consommateur, manipulant l'expertise des sources personnelles, leur niveau de leadership d'opinion ainsi que la force du lien partagé, a permis de tester les hypothèses de la recherche. Les résultats indiquent que les consommateurs attribuent plus d'influence et sélectionnent plus fréquemment des sources dont ils se sentent proches et qui possèdent un niveau élevé de leadership d'opinion. De plus, l'influence attribuée médiatise les effets de l'expertise attribuée et de la force du lien sur la sélection des sources. Enfin, l'arbitrage à la faveur de la force du lien ou de l'expertise attribuée lors du choix des sources personnelles, est modéré par le niveau d'implication durable et de besoin d'information des consommateurs
In order to choose within products and brands, consumers seek information, more particularly from people they are related with, like friends or acquaintances. Personal information sources look particular because of their propensity to be more credible and persuasive than commercial sources. Nevertheless, certain sources are more solicited than the other ones. Indeed this dissertation aims at understanding why these sources are preferred and selected. Personal sources selection is conceptualized as the result of an evaluative process based on three criteria: the level of expertise attributed to the personal source, tie strength and the level of influence attributed to the source. An experimental design manipulating source expertise, source opinion leadership and tie strength was operated on 1141 dyads source/consumer in order to test research hypothesis. The results tend to show that consumers essentially select strong ties who score high in opinion leadership, and that attributed influence mediate the effects of tie strength and attributed expertise on personal sources selection. Moreover, the integration of moderators like enduring involvement and information need reveals that consumers make a trade-off between attributed expertise and tie strength to choose their personal sources

13

Cheng, Ka Lun Benjamin. „Clarifying attitude functions : an empirical test on an integrated framework using the object-based approach“. HKBU Institutional Repository, 2001. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/302.

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14

Harrell, Bernadette Dawn. „The Influence of Demographics and Cultural Attitudes on Sexual Orientation Attitudes in African American Adults“. ScholarWorks, 2015. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1683.

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African Americans who identify as gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) are discriminated against in the African American community. Sociodemographics such as income, education, age, and religion/spirituality have been shown to be associated with sexual prejudice. There is limited research on how African American cultural attitudes influence attitudes towards sexual orientation. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which demographic variables and African American cultural attitudes (measured by the African American Acculturation Scale-Revised; AAAS-R) predict attitudes toward sexual orientation in African American adults (measured by the Attitudes towards Lesbians and Gay Men Scale; ATLG). Social identity theory (SIT) was used to describe how group affiliation influences attitudes. A sample of African Americans who were 18 years or older (n = 236) completed the questionnaires online. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the relative importance of demographics and cultural attitudes in predicting attitudes towards homosexuals and lesbians. The results of the study indicated that religious affiliation and religious beliefs and practices were statistically significant in predicting attitudes towards both homosexual and lesbian individuals. These findings suggest that individuals who identify as Christians and have stronger religious beliefs and practices are more likely to have negative attitudes towards lesbians and gay men. These results lend support to efforts to create programs to educate people about cultural misconceptions of the African American GLBT community and to encourage spiritual leaders to promote efforts support to them.

15

Harris, Jeff Eugene. „Changing men's male sex role attitudes and help-seeking attitudes“. The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1261055325.

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16

Brady, Stephen C. „Contemporary Engagement: Attitudes and Attitudes and Practices of College Students“. DigitalCommons@USU, 1988. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2384.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the attitudes and practices regarding engagement in modern America, focusing on the attitudes and evaluations of college students concerning the purpose and function of engagement. A questionairre was designed to measure the attitudes and evaluations of college students regarding engagement through the use of open-ended and Likert-type questions focusing on different aspects of the engagement process and a number of quest ions providing extensive demographic information. Respondents designated their present heterosexual relationship, allowing comparisons to be made based upon the respondents' relationship experience and exposure to the engagement process. Data were collected from 464 respondents. The results of the study show that engagement is cons idered by young college students to be a stage of commitment and a preparation period for marriage. Nearly all respondents were involved in or planned to be involved in the engagement process and believed that engagement is a necessary and viable phase towards marriage. The custom of exchanging an engagement ring, as well as other symbolic behaviors, was found not only to still have importance in the engagement process but al so to possibly provide initiation into a stage of relationship separately distinct from marriage. Several factors emerged from a factor analysis of Likert - type items identifying distinct characteristics of the engagement process . These factors provide items of measurement that should be employed in future studies concerning engagement .

17

Sahin, Andrews Endira. „Attitudes towards immigrants“. Thesis, Södertörn University College, Lärarutbildningen, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-372.

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18

Start, Roger David. „Attitudes towards autopsy“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285544.

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19

Marley-Payne, Jack. „Action-first attitudes“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107094.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2016.
Page 166 blank. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 157-165).
In this thesis, I present an action-first theory of knowledge and belief. We have a mutual interest in the successful action of our peers, and the significance of belief and knowledge stems from their role in promoting this success. Knowledge states tend to guide successful action, in an appropriately systematic manner. Belief states systematically guide our attempts to achieve our goals, and would lead to success if all went well. In defending the action-first account, I draw on a kind of pragmatism: we should look to the practical role of belief and knowledge attribution, in a social setting, to determine the nature of belief and knowledge themselves. The action-account states that the role of knowledge attribution is to identify and promote successful agents. This implies that knowledge itself is a state that tends to guide successful action. Similarly, the role of belief attribution is to help us predict how people will attempt to achieve their goals, and correct them to avoid failure where necessary. This implies that beliefs are action-guiding states that may not be success conducive - these are states that are apt to become knowledge given the appropriate evidence or argument. A final point is that the role of our ascriptions of rationality (and irrationality) is to promote practices that tend to lead to knowledge. This gives us a unified account of our concepts of knowledge, belief and rationality, founded in a cooperative society's interest in mutual success. Granting the action-account leads to significant consequences in epistemology and philosophy of mind. It gives us reason to reject various accessibility principles, and accept intellectualism with regard to know-how. All states that lead to successful action in a systematic manner, even if we do not consciously endorse their content, fit with the rationale of the action-account. Further, the account suggests a new way to model conflicted mental states, and suggests rethinking the role of the Bayesian ideal in our conception of rationality. These consequences, in turn, provide motivation for the action-account itself on pragmatic grounds: it opens up promising new lines of inquiry in philosophy.
by Jack Marley-Payne.
Ph. D.

20

Lindqvist, Robert, und Jesper Shuja. „Attitudes to Assessment“. Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-35838.

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This explorative research paper looks at the attitudes and experiences of four EFL teachers towards assessment of English as a foreign language. The study was carried out using qualitative research with semi-structured interviews. The paper discusses factors that impact attitudes towards assessment. Our findings show that assessment is affected by a variety of factors, including colleagues, the head teacher and guiding documents. Furthermore, this paper identifies the need for more teacher education regarding the process of assessment, specifically formative assessment.

21

Bodi, Lindsay Michelle. „Attitudes on Plagiarism“. University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1556198812753184.

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22

Jamal, Abedin. „Attitudes Toward Hazaragi“. OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/217.

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This study examined the attitudes of young educated Hazaras towards Hazaragi, a politically low-prestigious language spoken in Afghanistan. The instrument included a questionnaire made of Attitude questions and Descriptive questions. The respondents expressed their beliefs about the linguistic entity of Hazaragi, desire to maintain Hazaragi, value of Hazaragi, and domains of use of Hazaragi. The results showed that half of the Hazaras who participated in the study considered Hazaragi to be a language whereas the other half did not. The majority of the participants demonstrated a commitment to maintain Hazaragi and to speak Hazaragi. With regards to domains of use, Hazaragi was considered most suitable for casual settings and use with friends. For formal contexts, such as university lectures or a government office, Dari was considered more appropriate. Gender differences were examined through independent t-tests which showed that the attitudes and perceptions of male and female Hazaras did not differ significantly. Although significant gender differences were not found, the male participants had an overall more positive attitude towards Hazaragi than the female participants.

23

Barbiero, Giulia <1997&gt. „Attitudes Toward Bilingualism“. Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21265.

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Questa tesi ha l’obiettivo di analizzare il bilinguismo dal punto di vista teorico, storico, linguistico e geografico. Il bilinguismo è un termine trattato in molti campi di studio tra cui quello linguistico, psicologico e pedagogico. Essendo un argomento così multidimensionale, è anche caratterizzato da numerose definizioni diverse, il bilinguismo infatti, non presenta una definizione univoca, ma piuttosto viene considerato diversamente dipendentemente dal campo di studi in cui viene trattato. Nel corso del tempo quindi, il bilinguismo è stato definito in maniera diversa e l’opinione generale delle persone è cambiata drasticamente. Questo cambiamento di opinione nei confronti del bilinguismo è stato poi applicato sia nella sfera familiare che in quella sociale. Il primo capitolo di questa tesi, dunque, si focalizza sulle varie definizioni di bilinguismo e sul cambiamento di opinione delle persone nel corso del tempo. Il secondo capitolo invece, si concentra sul ruolo della lingua inglese e di come, in particolare, sia arrivata ad essere considerata la lingua franca attuale da molti. Ne segue le definizioni di lingua franca e lingua globale. Il capitolo include inoltre una presentazione delle politiche linguistiche principali adottate nel corso degli anni. Il terzo capitolo descrive dal punto di vista storico l’approccio al bilinguismo di ogni continente, con un particolare focus sull’Europa. L’ultimo capitolo consiste in una serie di interviste a soggetti bilingui. Le interviste hanno lo scopo di analizzare le diverse esperienze e opinioni degli intervistati.

24

Turner, Erlanger A. „Attitudes toward child mental health services: adaptation and development of an attitude scale“. Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4215.

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Research shows that a considerable number of children and adolescents suffer needlessly from psychological problems and only about 50% of those receive the necessary services. Considering the impact of untreated child psychological problems on problems in adulthood, it is important to examine the influence of attitudes on seeking mental health service for children. Currently, no known measure exists to measure attitudes toward mental health services for children. Building on previous research, the goal of the present study was to develop a measure of individuals' attitudes toward mental health services for children. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the factor structure was assessed using a sample of university students (N = 250). In addition, several hypotheses were tested examining the influence of previous experience with mental health services on attitudes towards psychological services and mental health stigma. Finally, differences in child characteristics on intended help-seeking were examined. The measure developed consists of 26-items scored from 0 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Overall, results indicated that the 3-factor structure of the measure developed was valid and reliable. Also, consistent with previous research on mental health services results supported the hypotheses of the current study. Future research will examine whether the 3-factor structure is replicated using a sample of parents.

25

Gwinn, Rachael E. „Attitudes and Attention: How Attitude Accessibility and Certainty Influence Attention and Subjective Choice“. The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu14804247828136.

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26

Lanzalotta, Jaroth V. „Contradicting Moral Attitudes Enhances Hypocrisy Judgments: The Role of Attitude Strength and Surprise“. The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1561286210520023.

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27

Wood, Beverley. „Attitudes toward the elderly : a case study of nursing students' attitudes“. Monash University, Faculty of Education, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8808.

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28

Reid, Charles. „Knowledge and attitudes concerning near-death experiences and attitudes toward death“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0018/MQ49730.pdf.

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29

Roederer, Claire. „L'expérience de consommation : exploration conceptuelle, méthodologique et stratégique“. Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOE010.

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S'inscrivant au cœur de l'interaction personne-objet-situation (Punj et Stewart, 1983), cette recherche teste qualitativement et quantitativement trois dimensions de l'expérience de consommation. La thèse s'emploie à aborder l'expérience en croisant différentes voies méthodologiques. Le volant qualitatif repose sur une démarche expérimentale s'intéressant aux représentations sociales de l'expérience et recourant à la méthode des triades de Kelly (1955) et à une démarche d'esprit phénoménologique construite autour de récits individuels d'expérience. Le volant quantitatif propose la construction d'une échelle de mesure de l'expérience et permet de comparer les trois schémas d'offre de la typologie de Carù et Cova (2007), (consumer- driven, co-driven, company-driven). Les résultats montrent que l'expérience possède trois dimensions décontextualisées qui structurent le souvenir que l'individu en conserve : une dimension hédonico-sensorielle, une dimension rhétorique socioculturelle et une dimension rapport au temps. Appliquées à deux univers de consommation et à trois types d'expériences correspondant aux catégories proposées par Carù et Cova (2007), ces dimensions permettent d'établir des profils d'offre et peuvent être envisagées comme des leviers d'action pour établir ou restaurer l'avantage concurrentiel commercial d'une offre d'expérience
This research is based on the assumption that a consumption experience consists in an interaction between a person and an object in a given situation (Punj and Stewart, 1983). It tests in a qualitative and quantitative manner, three dimensions of a consumption experience. The qualitative part relies on an experimental procedure using Kelly’s repertory grids (1955) and a phenomenological approach based on individual accounts of experiences. The quantitative part proposes an experience measurement scale with the comparison of different patterns of offer corresponding to Carù and Cova’s typology (2007), (consumer- driven, co-driven, company-driven experiences). The results reveal that an experience has three dimensions, irrespective of the context, which structure the individual’s memory of the experience. The first dimension is pleasure related and has been called the “hedonico-sensorial” dimension. The second is the “sociocultural rhetoric” dimension and explains what the experience reveals about the individual. The third relates to the control that an individual can have on the experience time. When applied to the two fields of consumption and experiences corresponding to Carù and Cova’s typology (2007), these dimensions can be used to establish patterns of offer and can be considered as levers for action to create or strengthen a competitive edge attached to an experience offer

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Bret, Amélie. „Autoritarisme de droite et changement d'attitude dans le conditionnement évaluatif“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS031/document.

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L’autoritarisme de droite (Right Wing Authoritarianism ; RWA) est une co-variation du conservatisme social, du traditionalisme et de l’autoritarisme. Une des caractéristiques du RWA est une moindre malléabilité des attitudes dans le temps. Cependant, ce lien entre RWA et rigidité des attitudes a été très majoritairement observé dans le cadre de l’étude des relations inter-groupes. Ces études se concentrent sur le lien entre le RWA et le changement d’attitude envers des groupes réels. Si l’intérêt de ces travaux est indéniable, il n’est pas possible d’y examiner la formation et le changement d’attitude de manière contrôlée. En effet, l’étude des groupes sociaux réels implique des effets de contexte ou des préconceptions sociales dans la formation et le changement d’attitude. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à la compréhension du RWA dans le changement d’attitude au sein d’un cadre standardisé et contrôlé : le conditionnement-contre-conditionnement évaluatif. À travers 11 expériences, nous avons testé si le RWA prédisait un plus faible changement d’attitude envers des stimuli nouveaux et artificiels. Nous avons alors pu observer que le RWA est négativement associé à la sensibilité au contre-conditionnement. Cet effet, présent dans la grande majorité de nos expériences, a été modulé en fonction des caractéristiques du conditionnement-contre-conditionnement. Plus précisément, la quantité d’informations contre-attitudinales disponibles, la présence d’instructions ou encore la diminution des ressources attentionnelles modulent le lien entre RWA et changement d’attitude. Dans l’ensemble, ces résultats corroborent l’hypothèse d’un plus faible changement d’attitude lié au RWA pour des stimuli nouveaux et artificiels
Right wing authoritarianism (RWA) is a co-variation of social conserva- tism, traditionalism, and authoritarianism. One of the characteristics of RWA is a less malleability of attitudes over time. However, the linkbetween RWA and rigidity of attitudes has mainly been observed in inter- group relation contexts. Such studies focus on the relationship between RWA and attitude change towards real groups. While the value of this work is unde- niable, it is not possible to examine attitude formation and attitude change in a controlled manner. Indeed, studying real social groups implies context effects or social preconceptions on the attitude formation and on attitude change. In this thesis, we are interested in the understanding of RWA in attitude change within a standardized and controlled framework, the evaluative conditioning- counter-conditioning paradigm. Across 11 experiments, we tested whether RWA predicts a lower change of attitude towards new artificial stimuli. We observed that RWA was negatively associated with sensitivity to counter- conditioning. This effect, present in the great majority of our experiments, has been modulated by the characteristics of conditioning-counter-conditioning. More specifically, the amount of counter-attitudinal information available, the presence of instructions, and the decrease in attentional resources were shown to modulate the link between RWA and attitude change. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that a smaller change in attitude is related to RWA even with novel artificial stimuli

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Petersson, Emmy. „Reading Attitudes in English 5 : Swedish Pupils' Attitudes towards Reading in English“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-52092.

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The aim of this essay is to investigate Swedish upper secondary pupils’ attitudes towards reading in English. 190 pupils from three different schools in southern Sweden have answered a questionnaire in order to find out about what they think about reading in English and where they think the importance lies. The results show that a majority of the pupils find reading instructive, and generally a positive attitude is shown. When it comes to the importance, many pupil regard reading as a tool for them to develop their language, since the reading gives them new vocabulary, and an understanding for grammar and sentence structure. The results also show minor differences between girls and boys, and between the pupils who study a vocational programme and those studying an academic programme.

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Vera, Cruz Germano. „Les attitudes sexuelles des Mozambicains : comparaison avec les attitudes sexuelles des Français“. Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0011.

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Levett, Andrea Michaela Carleton University Dissertation Sociology and Anthropology. „Canadian attitudes towards immigrants; the connections between contact, familiarity and positive attitudes“. Ottawa, 1996.

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Murphy, Margaret. „Inter-group attitudes and international trade, a study of Vancouver's attitude towards the Japanese“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0005/MQ36840.pdf.

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Cervellon, Marie-Cécile. „Ambivalent and dual attitudes : attitude conflicts and their impact on decision making and behavior“. Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100333.

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This dissertation builds on two recent developments in attitude research, first the distinction made between two types of attitudes, i.e., explicit (deliberate, controlled) and implicit (unconscious, automatic) attitudes, and second, that made between two types of attitude conflicts, i.e., ambivalence (conflict between strong explicit positive and negative evaluative basis of the same attitude object) and duality (conflict between explicit and implicit attitudes). It uses the context of food for both its theoretical and empirical developments because there were reasons to expect that, in Western cultures, explicit attitudes are often ambivalent (i.e. positive on taste but negative on health dimensions), but might also be dual (e.g. for restrained eaters, resulting from the motivated overriding of positive attitudes toward tempting but forbidden food).
A first study (N = 199) focuses on the differences between ambivalent and dual attitudes and the influence of these conflicts on spontaneous and deliberate behavior. Results demonstrate that holding dual and ambivalent attitudes are two different constructs, although both ambivalence and duality lead to a subjective experience of conflict. Also, attitudes are weaker when ambivalent (i.e. less accessible, less stable and held with less certainty), and duality is a moderator at high levels of ambivalence, with explicit attitudes being even less accessible but nonetheless more certain when dual. Finally, the influence of, on one hand, both implicit and explicit attitudes in driving spontaneous choice and, on the other hand, the explicit attitude in determining deliberate choice (behavioral intention as proxy) is corroborated. It also appears that the influence of the implicit attitude on spontaneous behavior is increased in presence of an attitude conflict. In a second study (N = 120), the hypothesis that the existence of dual attitudes stems from inhibitive processes is tested in the context of restrained eating, through a cognitive load manipulation. Results demonstrate that the influence of the implicit attitude on spontaneous choice is stronger for restrained eaters when cognitive capacities are impaired. The second study also highlights that implicit attitudes are stable and resistant to change despite direct experience manipulations (i.e. comparative and repeated tasting). Theoretical, methodological and practical contributions are discussed.

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Sayaka, Osanami. „Different Attitude towards Different Groups? Opinions and attitudes towards four immigrant groups in Sweden“. Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21594.

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Geddes, Jeffrey D. „Childhood Learning: Examining Attitudes toward School and Learning Ability“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9929/.

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A child's ability to learn in school and school performance are affected by various factors. Variables that affect learning and academic performance in 46 children, 4 - 7 years old, were examined. Children, parents, and teachers completed questionnaires rating children's attitudes and behavior toward school. Children completed a computerized matching-to-sample (MTS) task. The MTS trained the children to form 3 stimulus classes. One stimulus class included three arbitrary stimuli, the others contained a positively or negatively valenced stimulus, a school-related stimulus, and an arbitrary stimulus. Class formation performance was assessed. Rate of learning predicted attitudes toward school, school attitudes predicted academic performance; however a hypothesized mediation effect of attitudes was not demonstrated. No significant differences in rate of forming stimulus classes containing emotionally valenced and school stimuli were found. Future directions for intervention in the early education of students who have poor attitudes toward school are discussed.

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Renström, Charlotte. „The young French and the EU : A case study on attitudes toward the European Union in light of a potential Frexit“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80171.

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In the wake of Brexit in 2016, the conception of Frexit was born and received an impetus in the French presidential election campaigns in 2017. The scepticism toward the European Union once again found expression as Eurosceptic political parties gained ground and supporters amongst French citizens. With attitudes toward the EU in France seemingly variable and impressionable of political currents, it is important to understand from where these originate as well as what a positive or negative attitude imply in practice. Therefore, this study aims to map out attitudes among young French citizens: A group with an overall positive attitude toward the EU as well as the generation in charge of the future European Union. The study is conducted in the form of a case study, with the framework of Functional Attitude Theory guiding the analysis. The main findings include an obvious lack of knowledge on the union among the interviewees, connected to a feeling of exclusion from the same. However, benefits and rights provided by the EU are considered grounds to stay within the union. Finally, the findings are discussed and ideas for further research are suggested.

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Chiu, Y. M. „Nurses' attitudes towards computerization“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31972895.

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João, Domingos Herminio Chico. „Attitudes towards Business Plans“. Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-11236.

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Purpose - This paper aims to analyze different groups, such as venture capitalists’, banks’, governmental support agencies’ and incubator managers’ attitudes toward business plans.

Approach – The interviews have been conducted within the following institutions: Jönköping Business Development (JBD, Handelsbanken and Swedbank, Jönköping, ALMI and NyföretagarCentrum (Government Support Agencies (GSAs) and Business Incubator Science Park Jönköping (BISPJ). The author has chosen to conduct the study within this the previous mentioned institutions because those are the ones who mostly demand a formal written BP from firms or potential businesses.

Findings – it was found that all the institutions interviewed thinks that a formal written business plan is very important for the entrepreneurs to clarify goals and raise funds. They don’t see any direct negative sides with a business plan. It was also found that the majority were of the opinion that a business plan does not need to be long. The funding decision is mostly based on the personal characteristics of the entrepreneur; it can be very hard for start-ups manager to convince the funds providers that they are the right people. The type of resources provided to the venture determines the need of follow-ups. It is done mainly based on the financial aspects while those who provide advice or assistance tend to not engage in follow-ups.

Limitations - the study was conducted in the period when the many of the potential people to be interviewed were on holiday. The language was sometimes a limitation since English is not the first language neither for the interviewer nor the interviewees.

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Lundvall, Johanna, und Kristiansson Martina Björnsdotter. „Nurses attitudes towards euthanasia“. Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1148.

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Bakgrund: Eutanasi är idag förbjudet i de flesta länder, däribland Sverige. Frågan diskuteras ofta och är ett kontroversiellt ämne. Dessa diskussioner förs dock alltjämnt utifrån läkarens perspektiv och sjuksköterskans delaktighet hamnar i skymundan. Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie är att belysa sjuksköterskors uppfattning om eutanasi i länder där det tillämpas respektive där det inte tillämpas. Metod: Denna metod är en systematisk litteraturstudie som omfattar 12 artiklar från åren 2000-2011. Analysen har skett med via kodning och kategorisering av artiklarnas text. Katie Erikssons vårdteori har utgjort den teoretiska utgångspunkten för diskussion av resultatet. Resultat: Sjuksköterskor känner en ovisshet i vad eutanasi verkligen innebär. Det vanligaste argumentet mot eutanasi i länder där det är olagligt är att sjuksköterskorna tror att det kan komma att missbrukas samt bli ett alternativ för patienter som känner att de är till belastning för samhället. Oavsett om sjuksköterskorna arbetar i länder där eutanasi är lagligt eller olagligt är de som har en religiös trosuppfattning mer säkra i var de står i eutanasifrågan. De sjuksköterskor som arbetar inom hemsjukvård tenderar att vara mer positivt inställda till eutanasi än sjuksköterskor som arbetar på sjukhus, oberoende av vilket land de arbetar i. Slutsats och diskussion: Oavsett om sjuksköterskorna jobbade i ett land där eutanasi var lagligt eller olagligt var det inte mycket som skiljde sig i deras uppfattning rörande ämnet. Mer information om vad eutanasi innebär skulle kunna bidra till att sjuksköterskor blir bättre rustade och kan förmedla adekvat information till patienten och dess anhöriga, samt känna sig trygga i sin sjuksköterskeroll.

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Coyne, Elizabeth. „When attitudes become form /“. Online version of thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/8826.

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Chiu, Y. M., und 招以文. „Nurses' attitudes towards computerization“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972895.

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Kong, Chi-shing David, und 江志成. „Teachers' attitudes towards inclusion“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31960960.

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Cole, Bettina Dawn. „Nurses' attitudes toward caring“. Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1041915.

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The purpose of this study was to examine registered nurses' attitudes toward caring. The instrument used to measure nurses' attitudes was the Nyberg Caring Assessment Scale. The tool consists of a set of twenty statements asked four times to establish: a) ideal caring; b) actual caring; c) supervisor caring; and d) caring five years ago. A convenience sample of sixty three registered nurses from one midwestern hospital was used for this study. The surveyed registered nurses exhibited positive attitudes toward caring in today's cost containment healthcare system. There were significant correlation coefficients among the four sub-scales of caring. Results of this study have implications for nursing practice and nursing education.
School of Nursing

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Uegaki, Wataru Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. „Interpreting questions under attitudes“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99318.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 215-221).
Abstract This dissertation concerns three kinds of variability that pose challenges for the compositional semantics of question-embedding sentences: (i) lexical variation among clause-embedding predicates with respect to the selection of complement types, (ii) variability in the exhaustivity of embedded questions and (iii) variability in the veridicality of embedded questions. Based on the proposal that declarative complements of question-embedding predicates are limiting cases of embedded questions, this dissertation presents a compositional-semantic analysis of question embedding sentences that can correctly predict the three kinds of variability above. According to the proposal, the complement selection is determined solely by the semantic type of the embedding predicate. The variability in exhaustivity and veridicality of embedded questions follows from a unified semantic derivation, namely one involving exhaustification at the matrix level once the lexical semantics of the embedding predicate is taken into account.
by Wataru Uegaki.
Ph. D.

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Dueben, Rebecca Marilyn. „Faculty attitudes toward assessment“. Thesis, Washington State University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10043064.

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Within the field of undergraduate program assessment, anecdotal evidence abounds about negative faculty attitudes. Regardless of the common wisdom, there is little research that corroborates these reports. If reports are correct that faculty resistance is wide spread, it is still not clear if that resistance is toward accreditation, professional development, institutional requirements, other calls for accountability, or assessment. In fact, faculty members can be seen as spending much of their careers assessing: Faculty members routinely assess their students, a textbook they are using, whether the curriculum has adequately prepared students for the next class or their careers, and more. Faculty attitudes toward program assessment remain unclear and largely uninvestigated.

The focus of this study is based on 18 interviews of faculty members in three programs of study at a large, research-intensive, land grant institution. The approach is socially constructivist in nature; the theoretical lens is that faculty members have constructed concepts of assessment and that their constructions inform their participation. The study provides information about faculty attitudes toward assessment with a nuanced understanding toward the factors that influence their attitudes. The study reveals that faculty members view student learning outcome assessment as a call for accountability, a reaction that supports their fear that the information they provide will be used to cut positions and programs of study. When assessment is initiated within the program, however, faculty willingly participate to gain the information that assessment provides to improve their curriculum and their teaching. Additionally, how faculty construct their understanding of assessment is related to the epistemological foundations of their disciplines.

The study adds to the body of literature on faculty attitudes toward assessment. Next steps include incorporating faculty perspective and participation into the assessment process. Additional research will reveal the support needed for faculty to engage in assessment and for institutions to support that engagement.

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Samson, David M. „Encopresis and family attitudes“. Thesis, University of Leicester, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31196.

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The current study investigated whether the provision of parent and child information booklets improved intervention outcome. It also explored the relationship between pre-intervention knowledge and family attitudes with intervention outcome. An independent samples design with correlational measures was used. Children were randomly allocated to a Standard intervention Group (N = 10) or a Standard Intervention plus Group (N = 12). The Standard Intervention plus Group received parent and child information booklets in addition to the standard clinic intervention. A number of standardised and non-standardised measures were used to assess child and parent views. After ten appointments 77% of cases showed a reduction in soiling episodes and 59% of cases showed an increase in the frequency of motions passed in the toilet. Having two parents living at home, a young father with a high socio-economic status and the use of bowel related medication all significantly correlated with outcome. Parent and child responses on shared Family Attitude Scales tended to have significant positive correlations. Parents were found to significantly underestimate the psychological impact of soiling on their child and children were found to be more likely to attribute their soiling to physical factors than their parents were. The provision of information booklets was associated with a significant improvement in intervention outcome. A positive non-significant correlation between pre-intervention parent and child knowledge and intervention outcome suggested that better knowledge was associated with better intervention outcome. The Family Attitude Scales used in the current study suggested that a low key, non-blaming response to soiling episodes was likely to be most helpful. The mutually beneficial interaction between medical and psychological interventions are discussed. The current study's findings and their clinical and theoretical implications are considered. The limitations of the present study are acknowledged and ideas for future research are presented.

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Jarvis, William Blair Gage. „Do attitudes really change? /“. The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487950153601741.

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Bantegnie, Brice. „Eliminating propositional attitudes concepts“. Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0020.

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Dans cette thèse je défends l'élimination des concepts d'attitudes propositionnelles. Dans le premier chapitre, je présente les thèses éliminativistes en philosophie de l'esprit et des sciences cognitives contemporaines. Il y a deux types d'éliminativisme: le matérialisme éliminatif et l'éliminativisme des concepts. Il est possible d'éliminer les concepts soit des théories naïves soit des théories scientifiques. L'éliminativisme à propos des concepts d'attitudes propositionnelles que je défends requière le second type d'élimination. Dans les trois chapitres suivants je donne trois arguments en faveur de cette thèse. Je commence par soutenir que la théorie interventionniste de la causalité ne fonde pas nos jugements de causalité mentale. Ensuite je montre que nos concepts d'attitudes propositionnelles ne sont pas des concepts d'espèces naturelles car ils groupent ensemble les états des différents modules d'une architecture massivement modulaire, la thèse de modularité massive faisant partie, je l'affirme, de notre meilleur programme de recherche. Finalement, mon troisième argument repose sur l’élimination du concept de contenu mental de nos théories. Dans les deux derniers chapitres de la thèse, je défends ce dernier argument. Tout d'abord, je réfute l'argument du succès selon lequel étant donné que les psychologues emploient le concept de contenu mental et ce faisant produisent de la bonne science ce concept ne devrait pas être éliminé. Ensuite je rejette une autre façon d'éliminer ce concept, celle choisie par les théoriciens de la cognition étendue. Pour cela je réfute le meilleur argument qui a été donné en faveur de cette thèse: l'argument du système
In this dissertation, I argue for the elimination of propositional attitudes concepts. In the first chapter I sketch the landscape of eliminativism in contemporary philosophy of mind and cognitive science. There are two kinds of eliminativism: eliminative materialism and concept eliminativism. One can further distinguish between folk and science eliminativism about concepts: whereas the former says that the concept should be eliminated from our folk theories, the latter says that the concept should be eliminated form our scientific theories. The eliminativism about propositional attitudes concepts I defend is a species of the latter. In the next three chapters I put forward three arguments for this thesis. I first argue that the interventionist theory of causation cannot lend credit to our claims of mental causation. I then support the thesis by showing that propositional attitudes concepts aren't natural kind concepts because they cross-cut the states of the modules posited by the thesis of massive modularity, a thesis which, I contend, is part of our best research-program. Finally, my third argument rests on science eliminativism about the concept of mental content. In the two last chapters of the dissertation I first defend the elimination of the concept of mental content from the success argument, according to which as psychologists produce successful science while using the concept of mental content, the concept should be conserved. Then, I dismiss an alternative way of eliminating the concept, that is, the way taken by proponents of extended cognition, by refuting what I take to be the best argument for extended cognition, namely, the system argument

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