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1
Baba, Gürol. „Regional Commonalities and Regional Identities: Forging a Normative Understanding of Southeast Asian Identity“. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 35, Nr. 1 (April 2016): 91–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341603500104.
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In the last two decades, most of the IR academia's attention on Southeast Asian regionalism utilised constructivism and/or realism and has focused on ASEAN and its derivatives. This article aims to skew this angle by elaborating a possible relationship between Asian values and a normative understanding of Southeast Asian identity. The major reason for this article's focus on a normative interpretation is that a practical application of Southeast Asian identity is not very achievable due to various ethnic, cultural, political, territorial, and historical diversities. While the region is diverse, there are also a number of commonalities among its states. Asian values, from a Confucian perspective, account for some of these commonalities. By using constructivists’ claims on both the links between norms and identity and the dynamic interaction between values and norms, this article argues that Asian values could contribute to the development of Amitav Acharya's widely cited normative/ideational format of Southeast Asian identity. The article takes ASEAN identity as a case study and aims to show why a normative identity is more achievable than a practical identity among Southeast Asians, and how Asian values might contribute to the creation of this shared identity.
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Modwel, Suman Kumar, und R. K. Pandey. „South Asian-ASEAN Trade“. Foreign Trade Review 21, Nr. 4 (Januar 1987): 343–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732515870401.
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Kim, So Young. „Do Asian Values Exist? Empirical Tests of the Four Dimensions of Asian Values“. Journal of East Asian Studies 10, Nr. 2 (August 2010): 315–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800003477.
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The Asian values debate has been long on speculative advocacy but short on empirical validation, with statistical tests emerging only lately. This study explores two questions: whether Asians indeed hold distinct cultural attitudes when compared with non-Asians and whether these cultural attitudes and beliefs identified as Asian values form coherent dimensions among Asians. The study first identifies four dimensions of Asian values based on a review of various Asian values discourses: familism, communalism, authority orientations, and work ethic. The findings from the empirical analysis based on multilevel models and factor analysis return mixed support for the Asian values hypothesis. Although East Asian respondents do exhibit strong work-related values compared with those from other regions, commitment to familial values and authoritarian orientations are actually lower among East Asians. Also, while preference for strong leadership and parental duty do turn out to form distinct sets of attitudes among South and Southeast Asians, the four dimensions do not constitute a clear value complex in the minds of East Asians.
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Misra, Supriya, Laura C. Wyatt, Jennifer A. Wong, Cindy Y. Huang, Shahmir H. Ali, Chau Trinh-Shevrin, Nadia S. Islam, Stella S. Yi und Simona C. Kwon. „Determinants of Depression Risk among Three Asian American Subgroups in New York City“. Ethnicity & Disease 30, Nr. 4 (24.09.2020): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.30.4.553.
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Objective: Although the fastest growing minority group, Asian Americans receive little attention in mental health research. Moreover, aggregated data mask further diversity within Asian Americans. This study aimed to examine depression risk by detailed Asian American subgroup, and further assess determinants within and between three Asian ethnic subgroups.Methods: Needs assessment surveys were collected in 16 Asian American subgroups (six Southeast Asian, six South Asian, and four East Asian) in New York City from 2013-2016 using community-based sampling strategies. A final sample of N=1,532 completed the PHQ-2. Bivariate comparisons and multivariable logistic models explored differences in depression risk by subgroup.Results: Southeast Asians had the greatest depression risk (19%), followed by South Asians (11%) and East Asians (9%). Among Southeast Asians, depression risk was associated with lacking health insurance (OR=.2, 95% CI: 0-.6), not having a provider who speaks the same language (OR=3.2, 95% CI: 1.3-8.0), and lower neighborhood social cohesion (OR= .94, 95% CI: .71-.99). Among South Asians, depression risk was associated with greater English proficiency (OR=3.9, 95% CI: 1.6-9.2); and among East Asians, depression risk was associated with ≤ high school education (OR=4.2, 95% CI: 1.2-14.3). Additionally, among Southeast Asians and South Asians, the highest depression risk was associated with high levels of discrimination (Southeast Asian: OR=9.9, 95% CI: 1.8-56.2; South Asian: OR=7.3, 95% CI: 3.3-16.2).Conclusions: Depression risk and determinants differed by Asian American ethnic subgroup. Identifying factors associated with depression risk among these groups is key to targeting limited public health resources for these underserved communities. Ethn Dis. 2020;30(4):553-562; doi:10.18865/ed.30.4.553
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Hu, Adriana, Yi-Kong Keung, Ryan A. Lau, Lap-Woon Keung und Eddie Hu. „Retrospective analysis of breast cancer patients in an Asian-majority community clinic.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2013): e12502-e12502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e12502.
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e12502 Background: Incidence of breast cancer in Asian countries is about one third to one half of that of the US. Asian immigrants have a higher risk of developing breast cancer in the US presumably by adopting more westernized lifestyles. We conduct a retrospective analysis of breast cancer patients (pts) in an Asian-majority community in Southern California. Methods: Unselected consecutive female breast cancer pts were studied. Clinical data were review and statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS 16.0. Results: 501 pts, 334 Asians (incl. Chinese 84%) and 167 non-Asians (incl. Caucasian 47% and Hispanic 45%) were studied. Conclusions: This study raised several intriguing findings: 1. Asian pts are significantly younger and have lower BMI than non-Asians. 2. Asian pts are more likely to undergo mastectomy than breast conserving surgery. 3. Asian pts tend to have denser breasts which may potentially limit the sensitivity of mammogram. Since the ratio of DCIS to invasive cancer is comparable between Asian and non-Asian pts in this study, mammogram is probably effective in detecting early cancer in Asians. 4. Significantly fewer Asian pts are diagnosed by screening mammogram. It is probably due to lower utilization of mammogram in the Asian population. 5. BRCA1/2 mutation is not significantly different between Asians and non-Asians. Due to inherent limitations of retrospective study, these findings need to be confirmed in a larger prospective study. [Table: see text]
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Johnson, Ronald C., und Craig T. Nagoshi. „Asians, Asian-Americans and Alcohol“. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 22, Nr. 1 (Januar 1990): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1990.10472196.
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Gallagher, Mark. „Crazy Rich Asians and pan-Asian screen cosmopolitanism“. East Asian Journal of Popular Culture 6, Nr. 2 (01.08.2020): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eapc_00025_1.
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Crazy Rich Asians (2018), a box-office hit in North America, provoked celebration particularly from Asian American commentators and actors. Shot in Singapore and Malaysia with an Asian and Asian American cast, it was a success too in Singapore itself and in territories such as Hong Kong, Taiwan and Australia but not in East Asia’s largest markets, those of China, Japan and South Korea. Focusing on the phenomenon of Crazy Rich Asians’ release, particularly its engagement with and circulation in East and Southeast Asia and its polarized reception among different Asian American and Asian communities, this article traces a series of discursive flashpoints to understand the film’s position in Asian and Asian American film culture. Arguing that the fortunes of US releases with Asian and Asian American casts reveal cosmopolitanism’s invisible borders, the article proposes a model of pan-Asian screen cosmopolitanism. This model recognizes that even globally hybrid screen texts such as Crazy Rich Asians bear cultural markers that may inhibit their appeal in territories with shared ethnic heritages but discrete social histories.
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Yoon, Clara Haneul. „Empowering Asian Educators in the Time of Crisis“. Action, Criticism, and Theory for Music Education 21, Nr. 2 (September 2022): 57–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22176/act21.2.57.
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In this article, I draw from my experience working as a Korean American music teacher in the US. I reflect on what it means to be Asian American and to bring Asian narratives to the forefront. I examine the distinct challenges of social justice in the context of Asians and Asian Americans’ lives—particularly through the lens of the “model minority.” The COVID-19 pandemic has spotlighted Asians and Asian Americans’ lived experiences in ways unlike before. I discuss perceptions of Asians throughout US history and the current representativeness of Asian music in the framework of multicultural education. Grounded in Erving Goffman’s notion of covering, Kenji Yoshino’s extension of this concept (the four axes of covering), and Edward Said’s Orientalism, I make seven recommendations to empower Asians and Asian educators in this time of crisis. The article explores and situates the current challenges of anti-Asian racism, connecting it to aforementioned theories and briefly proposes the concept of 홍익인간 (Hongik-Ingan) to course-correct, support, and acknowledge Asian educators’ multiplicity of identities as allies.
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Ahn, Myung-Ju, HyeRyun Kim, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Ji-Youn Han, Jong Seok Lee, Maximilian J. Hochmair, Jacky Yu-Chung Li et al. „Brigatinib (BRG) versus crizotinib (CRZ) in Asian versus non-Asian patients (pts) in the phase III ALTA-1L trial.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2019): 9026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.9026.
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9026 Background: We report an analysis of BRG vs CRZ in Asian vs non-Asian pts with ALK inhibitor–naive, ALK+ NSCLC from ALTA-1L (NCT02737501). Methods: Pts were randomized 1:1 to BRG 180 mg QD (7-day lead-in at 90 mg) or CRZ 250 mg BID. Primary endpoint: blinded independent review committee (BIRC)-assessed PFS (RECIST v1.1). Secondary efficacy endpoints: BIRC-assessed ORR, intracranial (i) ORR, and iPFS. Results: 275 pts were randomized; 108 Asian (BRG/CRZ, n = 59/49), 167 non-Asian (n = 78/89); median age: Asian, 55/56 y; non-Asian, 60/60 y. 32/24% of Asians vs 22/28% of non-Asians received prior chemotherapy for advanced disease; 36/33% vs 24/28% had baseline CNS metastases. As of 19 Feb 2018, median follow-up was 10.1/10.0 mo (BRG/CRZ) in Asians vs 11.0/9.0 mo in non-Asians, with 12 vs 20 PFS events in Asians and 24 vs 43 in non-Asians. In Asians, median BIRC-assessed PFS (mo) was not reached (NR; 95% CI 11.2–NR) with BRG vs 11.1 (9.2–NR) with CRZ (HR 0.41 [95% CI 0.20–0.86]; log-rank P= 0.0261); in non-Asians, BRG PFS was NR (NR) vs 9.4 (7.3–NR) with CRZ (HR 0.54 [0.33–0.90]; log-rank P= 0.0132) (Table). AE profile of each drug was similar in Asians vs non-Asians. Most common any-grade AEs (≥25%) in Asians in BRG arm: diarrhea; elevated blood CPK, ALT, and AST. Discontinuation due to AE (BRG/CRZ): 8.5/6.3% in Asian pts; 14.3/10.1% in non-Asian pts. Conclusions: BRG showed comparable improvement in PFS vs CRZ both in Asians and non-Asians in ALK inhibitor–naive ALK+ NSCLC. Clinical trial information: NCT02737501. [Table: see text]
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Yang, Philip, und Maggie Bohm-Jordan. „Patterns of Interracial and Interethnic Marriages among Foreign-Born Asians in the United States“. Societies 8, Nr. 3 (16.09.2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc8030087.
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This study examines the patterns of interracial marriage and interethnic marriage among foreign-born Asians in the United States, using pooled data from the 2008–2012 American Community Surveys. Results show that the most dominant pattern of marriage among foreign-born Asians was still intra-ethnic marriage and that interracial marriage, especially with whites, rather than interethnic marriage among Asians, remained the dominant pattern of intermarriages. Out of all foreign-born Asian marriages, inter-Asian marriages stayed at only about 3%. Among all foreign-born Asian groups, Japanese were most likely to marry interracially and interethnically, while Asian Indians had the lowest rates of interracial marriage and interethnic marriage. Foreign-born Asian women were more likely to interracially marry, especially with whites, than foreign-born Asian men, but they were not much different from foreign-born Asian men in terms of their interethnic marriage rate. The findings have significant implications for intermarriage research, assimilation, and Asian American panethnicity.
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Abidin, Crystal, und Jing Zeng. „Feeling Asian Together: Coping With #COVIDRacism on Subtle Asian Traits“. Social Media + Society 6, Nr. 3 (Juli 2020): 205630512094822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120948223.
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Since the onset of COVID-19, incidents of racism and xenophobia have been occurring globally, especially toward people of East Asian appearance and descent. In response, this article investigates how an online Asian community has utilized social media to engage in cathartic expressions, mutual care, and discursive activism amid the rise of anti-Asian racism and xenophobia during COVID-19. Specifically, we focus on the 1.7-million-strong Facebook group “Subtle Asian Traits” (SAT). Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the 1,200 new posts it publishes daily have swiftly pivoted to the everyday lived experiences of (diaspora) East Asians around the world. In this article, we reflect on our experiences as East Asian diaspora members on SAT and share our observations of meaning-making, identity-making, and community-making as East Asians collectively coping with COVID-19 aggression between January and May 2020.
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Fashoyin-Aje, Lola A., Laura L. Fernandes, Steven Lemery, Patricia Keegan, Rajeshwari Sridhara, Jonca C. Bull und Richard Pazdur. „Asian representation in clinical trials of new drugs for the treatment of cancer.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2017): 6564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.6564.
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6564 Background: In the US, statistics for Asians are often aggregated with other racial groups. This poses challenges in estimating the cancer burden and in defining cancer clinical trial enrollment targets in this demographic subgroup. ‘Asian‘ refers to persons with origins in the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian sub-continent. Asians comprise 6% of the US population and the largest Asian subgroups in the US are of Chinese (22%), Filipino (19%), Asian Indian (19%), Vietnamese (10%), Korean (9%), and Japanese (7%) descent. The representation of Asian patients in global clinical trials may not be reflective of the Asian subgroups in the US. FDA conducted an analysis to describe patients categorized as ‘Asian’ in clinical trials supporting the approval of new drugs. Methods: We reviewed the marketing applications of 33 new molecular entities approved for the treatment of solid tumor malignancies between 2011- 2016 to identify trials that provided the primary evidence of safety and efficacy. Results: A total of 29,941 patients were enrolled; 17 % were Asian. Most Asian patients were enrolled in Korea (20%), Taiwan (20%), mainland China (20%), Japan (16%), and US (5%). Few patients were enrolled in India (3%); the Philippines (1%); Vietnam (0). In the US, Asian patients comprised 3% of the total number of patients enrolled. Conclusions: Asian patients represented a heterogeneous mix. A large proportion was enrolled in Taiwan (20%) and Korea (20%), whereas the largest proportion of US Asians have origins in mainland China (22%), the Philippines (19%), India (19%), and Vietnam (10%). Nevertheless, although Asians share a common ancestry, it is not clear whether data from global clinical trials are generalizable to Asian patients in the US. Therefore, strategies to improve the enrollment of US Asian patients in clinical trials are needed. Among patients enrolled in the US, 3% were Asians, a proportion that is below US Asian population estimates (6%). While most site-specific cancer incidence and death rates are lower in US Asians compared to Whites, the rates of some cancers (e. g., stomach and liver) are higher in this group. Therefore, studies are needed to determine adequate enrollment targets in this demographic subgroup.
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Ly, Luong, Thida Win, Jessica Mantilla, Ching-Hsiu Chiu, Allan Leung, Chia-Hsing Yeh, Wen-Hsiang Teng et al. „Impact of COVID-19 on hospitalization, death rate, and other inpatient measures among Asian patients in hospitals in California“. Journal of Hospital Administration 10, Nr. 5 (13.12.2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v10n5p31.
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Objective: This study aims to analyze COVID-19 hospitalization and death rate in the Asian population of a predominantly Asian-serving multi-hospital system (ASMHS).Methods: The COVID-19 patient information was collected electronically from March 1 to November 12, 2020, including demographics, insurance, mortality, ICU admissions, and length of stay (LOS). Demographic characteristics were compared with the county-level and national data. A comparison of hospital LOS between Asians and non-Asians was conducted.Results: The prevalence ratio of deaths in Asians at ASMHS was 1.29, which was 53% higher than the county and 77% higher than the nation. The ICU admission for ASMHS Asian patients was 11.8% compared to 5.6% for non-Asian. Overall Asians and Asians aged > 65 had significantly longer LOS than non-Asians (p < .001).Conclusions: High prevalence ratio of deaths was noted in ASMHS’s Asian patients which may be related to older age, higher ICU rate, and longer LOS.
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Pedraza, Chadrhyn A. A. „“There’s Something There in That Hyphen”: The Lived Experiences of Asian and Asian American Higher Education Students in the Southwest Borderlands of the United States“. Genealogy 7, Nr. 1 (16.03.2023): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy7010022.
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For centuries, Asians living in the U.S. have had to negotiate between the narratives that dominant society has imposed upon them and their understanding of what it means to be Asian and Asian American. When combined with the hierarchies of racial categories, the narratives underlying monoracialism are inherently limiting, obscuring their nuanced experiences, and stripping them of their ability to express the personal constructions of their identity The purpose of this qualitative case study was to elevate the voices of Asians and Asian Americans, their process of “inventing” their identity, and how their conceptualizations begin to deconstruct and challenge monoracialism. I argue that Asians and Asian Americans engage in a process where the interpretation and revision of meaning that emerges during interactions with others can illuminate the role of master narratives and how they negotiate between these structural factors and their ideas of what it means to be Asian or Asian American. The findings suggest a negotiation between master narratives at the macro-, meso-, and micro-societal levels that help them understand what it means to be Asian and Asian American.
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Wu, Cary. „How Anti-Asian Racism is Experienced“. Contexts 21, Nr. 3 (August 2022): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15365042221114990.
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Growing attention has been given to the massive spike in anti-Asian hate crimes since the COVID-19 outbreak. But it is also essential to recognize that not all Asians experience the rise of anti-Asian racism to the same degree. Many individual and contextual factors may shape individuals’ subjective experience of anti-Asian racism. Underlying Asians’ differential experiences are the unequal psychological consequences they bear. This essay explores nativity, and co-ethnic concentration, as well as how they interact to affect Asians’ experience of anti-Asian racism.
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Nugraheni, Priskilla Trisna, Michael Bezaleel Wenas und Birmanti Setya Utami. „A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF ASIAN WOMEN’S STEREOTYPES ON CHO CHANG“. Capture : Jurnal Seni Media Rekam 14, Nr. 2 (04.07.2023): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/capture.v14i2.5019.
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Stereotypes against Asians emerge and develop as a form of propaganda for Americans. Cho Chang, a character from the Harry Potter film series, exemplifies negative stereotypes of Asian women. Accordingly, this study aims to identify which stereotypes of Asian women correspond to the existing reality. Using Barthes’ semiotic theory, this study employed qualitative analysis. The findings indicate stereotypes that fit the audience’s interpretation, i.e., Asian women are exotic and charming, Asians are academically intelligent, and Asian women easily change their partners. Meanwhile, stereotypes that do not fit with the audience’s interpretations include: Asians are clumsy, weird, and disliked by Americans, and the “Dragon Lady” image of Asian women who is cunning, sadistic, and untrustworthy.
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Chang, Elaine, Yutao Gong, Jonathon Joseph Vallejo, QI LIU, Luckson Noe Mathieu, Brian Booth, Rajeshwari Sridhara, Julia A. Beaver, Richard Pazdur und Gideon Michael Blumenthal. „FDA analysis of outcomes in Asian patients (pts) with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2019): e20690-e20690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e20690.
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e20690 Background: Asian pts tend to be well-represented in mNSCLC clinical trials, and drug development in Asia is growing. We sought to investigate outcomes of Asian pts enrolled in clinical trials testing ICI in mNSCLC. Methods: We identified 11 ICI mNSCLC randomized trials submitted to FDA 2014-2018. We divided the trials into 3 groups: 1st-line monotherapy (1L-M), 1st-line combination with chemotherapy [chemo] (1L-C), and 2nd-line monotherapy (2L-M). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier methodology. We performed meta-analyses to assess if treatment effect is consistent across Asian and non-Asian populations. Results: There were 3399 patients enrolled in five 2L-M trials, 1579 in two 1L-M trials, and 2500 in four 1L-C trials. Most Asian pts were located geographically in Asia (90%). Asians comprised 15% of patients enrolled in 2L-M trials, 27% in 1L-M, and 11% in 1L-C. Compared to non-Asians, a higher proportion of Asians were never-smokers (32% vs. 13%) and EGFR-mutated (13% vs. 4%). Asian pts had better unadjusted and adjusted OS than non-Asian pts for each treatment in each line of therapy. The 3 covariates with greatest prognostic impact on OS in 2L-M were race, performance status, and histology. The magnitude of ICI treatment effect relative to chemo was similar for Asian and non-Asian pts. Conclusions: Asians appear to have better prognosis than non-Asians; no uniquely better or worse benefit was observed from ICI when compared to chemotherapy. [Table: see text]
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Zhang, Xinwei, Anu Sachdev, Nino Dzotsenidze, Xiaoran Yu und Peggy A. Kong. „Anti-Asian Racism during COVID-19: Emotional Challenges, Coping, and Implications for Asian American History Teaching“. Education Sciences 13, Nr. 9 (06.09.2023): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci13090903.
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Anti-Asian scapegoating, sentiment, and hate have caused devastating psychological and behavioral challenges among Asians and Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic. This case study aims to understand Asians’ and Asian Americans’ experiences of racial discrimination during the pandemic, examine their reflections on the impacts of anti-Asian racism on their emotions and coping, and explore their perspectives on teaching Asian American history in combating anti-Asian racism. The results of this study showed that the participants articulated an array of profound emotional challenges in response to the deleterious effects of personal and vicarious experiences of racism. They used varied coping strategies, exhibiting heightened vigilance and intentional proactive measures to protect themselves and their communities against anti-Asian racism. The participants also underscored the intersectionality between race and gender, highlighting the vulnerability of Asian women. Additionally, the participants advocated for the inclusion of Asian American history in the school curriculum to dismantle and disrupt systematic racism. This study reveals the emotional and behavioral effects of anti-Asian racism on Asian and Asian American individuals and communities. It illustrates the crucial role of amplifying Asian and Asian American voices in the school curriculum in combating anti-Asian racism beyond the pandemic.
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Goh, Jin X., und Vlada Trofimchuk. „Gendered Perceptions of East and South Asian Men“. Social Cognition 41, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2023): 537–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.2023.41.6.537.
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Gendered race theory argues that in the United States, Asian men are perceived as more feminine and less masculine than Black and White men. However, extant research has focused predominantly on East Asians while overlooking South Asians. In five studies (N = 1,773 U.S. participants), we examined the perceived femininity-masculinity of East and South Asian men. East Asian men were perceived as more feminine and less masculine than South Asian, White, and Black men. South Asian men's perceived femininity-masculinity depends on whether they have facial hair or not. South Asian men with facial hair were perceived as less feminine, more masculine, and more threatening than men from other racial groups. This hyper-masculinization of South Asian men is likely due to alignment of the bearded terrorist stereotypes with facial hair cues. Results for South and East Asian women were inconsistent. This research highlights the importance of disaggregating Asian targets in social cognition theories.
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Song, Suzan J., Robert Ziegler, Lisa Arsenault, Lise E. Fried und Karen Hacker. „Asian Student Depression in American High Schools“. Journal of School Nursing 27, Nr. 6 (15.08.2011): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840511418670.
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There are inconsistent findings about depression in Asians. This study examined risk factors for depression in Asian and Caucasian adolescents. Stratified bivariate secondary analyses of risk indicators and depressed mood were performed in this cross-sectional study of high school survey data (9th to 12th grades) from 2,542 students (198 Asian). Asians had a higher prevalence of depressed symptoms, but similar risk factors as Caucasians. Smoking and injury at work were major risk factors for depressed mood among Asians. Asian-specific risk factors for depression were being foreign-born and having a work-related injury. Asian and Caucasian teens have similar risk factors for depressed mood, though being foreign born and having a work-related injury are risk factors specific to Asian youth, possibly related to social–economic status. Providers of care in school, such as school nurses, can be important primary screeners of depression for Asian students in particular.
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Rhome, Ryan, Erin Moshier und Michael Buckstein. „Patients of Asian descent with gastric cancer treated in the United States: Comparative characteristics and survival outcomes.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, Nr. 4_suppl (01.02.2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.10.
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10 Background: Asian gastric cancer trials often show better outcomes than similar Western trials suggesting a possible difference in disease characteristics or biology. Large databases can be used to assess whether ethnic differences persist in the United States. Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried to examine disease characteristics, treatment utilization, and outcomes for gastric cancer from 2004-2013 for Asian vs. non-Asian patients. Patients were excluded with inadequate follow-up, unknown staging or race. Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess hazard ratio (HR) of death. Results: 101,426 patients were analyzed (6,994 Asians, 94,432 non-Asians). Asian patients were more likely to be female, younger, treated at academic centers, early stage, lower co-morbidity score, and high grade vs. non-Asian (Chi-square, all p<0.001). Asian patients were less likely to receive chemotherapy or radiation or have a positive margin. HRs of death (adjusted for age, sex, facility, histology, insurance, co-morbidity score, margin, grade, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy) for Asian patients are shown in the table. Further dividing by most represented Asian sub-groups showed differences between countries of origin. Conclusions: Imbalances exist in clinical features and treatment utilization in Asian patients compared to non-Asians. After adjustment, Asian race is associated with higher overall survival. Adjusted sub-group analyses show survival differences by country of origin, suggesting biological variability. [Table: see text]
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Smith, M. L., und D. M. Jones. „ASEAN, Asian values and Southeast Asian security in the new world order“. Contemporary Security Policy 18, Nr. 3 (Dezember 1997): 126–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13523269708404172.
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Cheong, Inkyo. „Regionalism and Free Trade Agreements in East Asia“. Asian Economic Papers 2, Nr. 2 (März 2003): 145–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/153535103772624853.
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This paper gives an overview of the progress of regionalism in East Asia and examines the background of the recent embrace of trade agreements by China, Japan, and South Korea. It discusses the progress toward free trade agreements (FTAs) within East Asia and offers reasons for their slow development. The impacts of eight hypothetical East Asian FTAs are estimated using a computable generalized equilibrium model. The model predicts that countries will benefit from both bilateral FTAs and regional FTAs (such as a Northeast Asian FTA and an East Asian FTA); however, greater economic benefits would be gained under regional FTAs than under bilateral FTAs. Although the simulation used in the study estimates that a Northeast Asian FTA and an East Asian FTA would bring a similar level of economic benefits, results indicate that greater benefits would accrue under an East Asian FTA. Discussions of a Japan–ASEAN FTA are under way, after talks of an FTA between ASEAN and China blossomed in late 2000. China and Japan are competitively promoting bilateral FTAs with ASEAN. As discussions of an FTA with ASEAN heat up in China and Japan, South Korea has also begun reviewing the economic feasibility of an FTA with ASEAN. If China, Japan, and South Korea competitively pursue bilateral FTAs with ASEAN, this may result in several important problems, including spaghetti bowl effects, a hub-and-spoke dilemma, or struggles for regional leadership. This paper tries to show that an East Asian FTA covering the whole region is economically desirable and stresses that East Asian countries should introduce a regionwide FTA, rather than multiple bilateral or subregional FTAs. An East Asian FTA can be realized only in the long term because of economic, political, and social obstacles. East Asia, which already lags behind other regions in terms of regionalism, should not passively wait for the establishment of an East Asian FTA, which is likely to take some time to be established.
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Gill, Sharlene, Amil Shah, Nhu Le, E. Francis Cook und Eric M. Yoshida. „Asian Ethnicity–Related Differences in Gastric Cancer Presentation and Outcome Among Patients Treated at a Canadian Cancer Center“. Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, Nr. 11 (01.06.2003): 2070–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.11.054.
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Purpose: Differences in stage-stratified survival have been reported between Asian and Western populations with gastric cancer. This study examines differences in presentation and outcomes among Asian and non-Asian patients evaluated and treated at a Canadian institution. Patients and Methods: We reviewed 2,043 patients (159 Asians and 1,884 non-Asians) with gastric adenocarcinoma treated between 1978 and 1997. Overall survival was examined by the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariable analysis by Cox proportional hazards was used to identify whether Asian ethnicity had independent prognostic significance for survival. Results: Median survival was 13.1 months for Asians and 11.1 months for non-Asians (P = .0016). Asian patients were younger and had a greater proportion of signet ring cell histology but were less likely to have proximal disease. Signet ring cell histology did not adversely affect survival. By multivariable analysis, proximal location, poor differentiation, and extent of disease were independently associated with worse survival. Survival was improved with curative resection, palliative resection, and palliative chemotherapy. Asian ethnicity was not independently associated with survival (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.74 to 1.08). Although a similar proportion of patients underwent curative resection, an interaction was observed between Asian ethnicity and efficacy of resection, with Asians achieving a greater benefit as compared with non-Asians even when adjusted for age and location. Conclusion: The disparity between Eastern and Western gastric cancer survival is not explained by the hypothesis of ethnicity-related differences in tumor biology. Although it is not an independent predictor of survival, Asian ethnicity is associated with distinct characteristics at presentation and more favorable outcomes after curative surgery.
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Cabrera, Joseph F., und Rachael R. Dela Cruz. „Spatially Based Rules for Reducing Multiple–Race into Single–Race Data“. City & Community 19, Nr. 3 (September 2020): 593–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12418.
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There is a discord between the categorization of mixed–race data in spatial studies, which has become more complex as the mixed–race population increases. We offer an efficient, spatially based method for assigning mixed–race respondents into single–race categories. The present study examined diversity within 25 Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States to develop this racial bridging method. We identify prescriptions for each two–race category based on average diversity experiences and similarity scores derived from census tract data. The results show the following category assignments: (1) Black–Asians to Black, (2) White–others to White, (3) Asian–others to Asian, (4) White–Blacks to other, (5) White–Asians to White (if Asian >3.0 percent), (6) White–Asians to Asian (if Asian <3.0 percent), (7) Black–Asians to other (if Black >8.5 percent), and (8) Black–Asians to Black (if Black <8.5 percent). We argue that the proposed method is appropriate for all race–based studies using spatially relevant theoretical constructs such as segregation and gentrification.
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Kamasa, Frassminggi. „ASEAN Centrality in Asian Regional Architecture“. Global South Review 1, Nr. 1 (09.10.2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/globalsouth.28821.
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This study examines the regional architecture process in Asia. Specifically, I empirically focus on what ASEAN’s role in contemporary Asian regional architecture is and what challenge and opportunities lie ahead. In contrast to other studies, I consider whether the ASEAN as a driving force of the regional architecture in Asia should only be considered in an over-arching macro-analytical sense in order to contain China. Such an approach to the concept may not work in explaining what change in Asia and its relations with the ASEAN centrality. Additionally, I consider why there is a need for regional architecture in Asia. Using a single-case analysis of ASEAN role in regional architecture from 2009-2012, I found evidence of an association between bargaining and mutual satisfaction while embracing different motives and power for doing regional architecture. Moreover, I demonstrate that it makes sense to talk about regional identity whenever ASEAN is struggling to project a common voice.
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WING, Clive D. „Do Asians value Asian information? —Revisted—“. Journal of Information Processing and Management 46, Nr. 5 (2003): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1241/johokanri.46.326.
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Aurelius, Taylor, Gie Ken-Dror, Sapna D. Sharma, Sageet Amlani, Gunaratnam Gunathilagan, David L. Cohen, Chakravarthi Rajkumar et al. „Atrial fibrillation in UK South Asian hospitalized ischemic stroke patients: The BRAINS study“. PLOS ONE 18, Nr. 2 (07.02.2023): e0281014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281014.
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Introduction South Asian diaspora comprise one of the largest ethnic minority groups in the world yet data about atrial fibrillation (AF) in this demographic is understudied. Our aim is to identify differences in AF prevalence and treatment between South Asians and white British stroke patients. Method The UK arm of a prospective ongoing large international repository on stroke was analysed. Ethnic differences in AF prevalence and management in those with ischemic stroke were analysed. Results Of the 3515 individuals recruited with ischemic stroke, 1482 (men: 972, women: 510) were South Asian and 2033 (men:1141, women:892) of white British ethnicity. AF was present in 462 white British and 193 South Asians stroke patients, with South Asians displaying a lower prevalence of AF (South Asians: 13.0% vs white British 22.7%, P<0.001). Despite adjustment for traditional AF risk factors, South Asians had a significantly lower OR of AF compared to white British stroke patients (OR: 0.40, 95%CI: 0.33:0.49, P<0.001). Among confirmed AF cases, 31.8% of South Asians and 41.4% of white British were untreated at admission (P = 0.02). Antiplatelet treatment was significantly higher among South Asians at both admission (South Asian: 47.4% vs. white British: 29.9%, P<0.001) and discharge (South Asian: 49.5% vs. white British: 34.7%, P = 0.001), although anticoagulation treatment was similar across both ethnic groups at admission (South Asian: 28.5% vs white British: 28.1%, P = 0.93), and discharge (South Asian: 45.1% vs white British: 43.1%, P = 0.64). Conclusion Stroke patients of South Asian descent are at significantly lower risk of AF but more likely to be on antiplatelet treatment compared to their white British counterparts.
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Wu, Bohsiu. „Homicide Victimization in California: An Asian and Non-Asian Comparison“. Violence and Victims 23, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2008): 743–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.23.6.743.
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Previous literature has not specified the contextual differences that adequately explain Asian Americans’ underinvolvement in homicide. This study examines the social contexts within which homicide takes place. Homicide data from 1991 to 1999 in California are analyzed, and the results show that, compared to other groups, Asian homicide victims are more likely to be killed by family members, to be female, and to be married. Results of a negative binomial regression analysis also show that an acculturation factor that weakens the institution of family tends to affect general homicide more for Asian Americans than non-Asians but does not affect Asian family homicide. Social disadvantage factors affect non-Asian homicide more than Asian homicide.
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Murthy, Dhiraj. „Representing South Asian alterity? East London's Asian electronic music scene and the articulation of globally mediated identities“. European Journal of Cultural Studies 12, Nr. 3 (16.07.2009): 329–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549409105367.
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In the years since the London tube bombings, popular depictions of British Asians have been increasingly `othered' at best, and stereotyped as dangerous terrorists at worst. Asian self-representation continues to be a critically-needed intervention. East London's Asian electronic music scene serves as a means to represent the voices of young urban British Asians, attempting to bring them from peripheral alterity and render them visible in mainstream British popular culture. The music, which blends synthesized electronic music with South Asian musical stylings, has brought musicians from both the South Asian diaspora and the subcontinent to perform in `Banglatown', East London. These regular globalized performances of the scene, an aspect rarely investigated, have challenged locally bounded British Asian identities.
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Bhowmik, Debesh. „Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Regional Integration in Asia“. Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 5, Nr. 1 (2021): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.5(1).61-79.2021.
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In Asia, SAARC (South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation), ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations) and GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) are being considered as an active regional trading blocs although East Asian integration is on primary cooperation stage and BIMSTEC is treated as organised sub-regional trading bloc. The GCC has completed all criterion of economic integration except introduction of a single currency and ASEAN is advancing its optimum stage of monetary integration but the advancement of SAARC is halted by the shock of non-cooperation from Pakistan. Therefore, contribution of GCC in integrating Asian bloc is to scrutinise in a new outlook. In this paper, the author endeavours to show the impact of economic integration of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) on the Asian economic integration in the sense that the process of integration of GCC with SAARC and ASEAN can accelerate the criterion of Asian integration process. Therefore, the author used cointegration and vector error correction model among the indicators of trade integration of exports such as Asian export share, intra export share of GCC, export concentration index of GCC, ASEAN’s export with GCC and SAARC’s export with GCC during 1995-2019. Similarly, the author applied same methodology among the trade indicator of imports such as Asian import share, intra import share of GCC, import concentration index of GCC, ASEAN’s import with GCC and SAARC’s import with GCC during the specified period. The findings revealed that Asian export share has long run significant causalities with SAARC and ASEAN export shares to GCC. Intra export share of GCC has long run causalities with SAARC and ASEAN export shares to GCC. The export concentration index of GCC has significant long run causalities with SAARC and ASEAN export shares to GCC respectively. Even, the short run causalities from export concentration index of GCC to intra export share of GCC, export share of ASEAN and SAARC with GCC and the short run causality from ASEAN export share with GCC to export share of Asia and from intra export share of GCC to export share of ASEAN with GCC were strictly observed. Again, the import share of Asia has long run causalities with the import shares of ASEAN and SAARC with GCC. The intra import share of GCC has long run causalities with the import shares of ASEAN and SAARC with GCC and the import concentration index of GCC has long run causalities with the import shares of ASEAN and SAARC with GCC respectively. The intra import share of GCC has short run causalities with import share of Asia, import concentration index of GCC and import share of ASEAN with GCC respectively. The import concentration index has short run causality with the import share of Asia. The import share of SAARC with GCC has short run causality with import share of ASEAN with GCC. The cointegration and vector error correction among Asian GDP, sum of intra export and import shares of GCC, sum of export and import shares of ASEAN with GCC, and sum of export and import shares of SAARC with GCC during 1995-2019 indicated that the GDP of Asia has long run causalities with the sum of intra export and import shares of GCC, the sum of export and import shares of ASEAN with GCC and the sum of export and import shares of SAARC with GCC and even they have short run causalities also. All these observations can justify that GCC has great impact on Asian economic integration process associated with SAARC and ASEAN.
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Yan, Kenny K., Michael P. Accordino, Daniel L. Boutin und Keith B. Wilson. „Disability and the Asian Culture“. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 45, Nr. 2 (01.06.2014): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.45.2.4.
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Contemporary demographics reveal that the Asian Population is the fastest growing minority in the U.S. Thus, vocational rehabilitation counselors must be prepared to face cultural dynamics that can influence outcomes in the treatment process. While many people may view Asians as a homogenous population, people who are of Asian descent come from many places including, but not limited to Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, Vietnam and Asian/Pacific Islander population. The present study provides information about the Asian culture relative to people with disabilities and seeks to give clinicians more tools to apply when working with people who are of Asian descent. Asians represent 4.8% of the civilian non-institutionalized population. Since the Asian/Pacific Islander population is a large racial ethnic group in the U.S., it is important to understand how vocational rehabilitation counselors educate them to live in their new land.
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LAM, Peng Er. „China's Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: East Asian Responses“. East Asian Policy 06, Nr. 04 (Oktober 2014): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930514000403.
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Beijing's Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank appears to be a “game changer” in the political economy of East Asia. In an era when the US superpower and Japan are facing fiscal problems, China has ample funds to woo Asian states seeking economic development. Notwithstanding its maritime disputes in the South China Sea with some ASEAN states, Beijing has offered the carrot of development as a means to serve its geopolitical ends.
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Sutton, G. C., A. Storer und K. Rowe. „Cancer screening coverage of south Asian women in Wakefield“. Journal of Medical Screening 8, Nr. 4 (01.12.2001): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jms.8.4.183.
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OBJECTIVE:To measure the cervical and breast screening coverage of south Asian women in Wakefield, compared with other city residents. DESIGN:Pairwise measurement of screening histories of women whose names appeared to be south Asian, and of non-Asian women matched by date of birth and general practice. Data source—Computerised records of screening histories held by West Yorkshire Central Services Agency, for the eight general practices in central Wakefield. RESULTS:67% of south Asians and 75% of non-Asians had acceptable (not overdue) cervical screening histories (&khgr;2=13.75, p<0.001). 53% of south Asians and 78% of non-Asians had acceptable breast screening histories (&khgr;2=8.5, p<0.01) CONCLUSION:Interventions should be designed to improve coverage for breast screening among south Asian women. The need for such interventions for cervical screening is equivocal.
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Afifah, Aulia Nur, und Muh Arif Rokhman. „Asian Americans’ Views of their Identities as Asians in <em>Eleanor & Park</em>: A Socio-Psychological Approach“. Lexicon 8, Nr. 1 (07.04.2022): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73917.
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This research analyzes how Asian American characters, Mindy Sheridan, Park Sheridan, and Josh Sheridan, in the novel Eleanor & Park view their identities as Asians. This research aims to understand how Asian American characters view their identities as Asians and what factors influence their views. The analysis of this research was conducted using the social psychology approach supported by Tajfel and Turner’s (2004) social identity theory and Atkinson, Morten, and Sue’s (1998) minority identity development model. This research shows that Asian American characters’ views of their identity as Asian are influenced by the values believed by the dominant group in their social environment.
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Pollard, Tom. „Hollywood’s Asian-Pacific Pivot: Stereotypes, Xenophobia, and Racism“. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 16, Nr. 1-3 (07.04.2017): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341424.
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The Obama administration plans a “pivot” to the Asian-Pacific area, both in terms of military deployment and trade agreements. At the same time, Americans often view Asians through negative stereotypes while they express fear and distrust of Asian-Pacific institutions, including governments. These prejudices become readily apparent when one examines recent Hollywood films depicting Asian countries, including Asian intelligence agencies, corporations, and military forces. Hollywood’s depiction of Asians and Pacific Islanders often finds expression through stereotypes, xenophobia, and, on occasion, blatant racism. The following article analyzes recent Hollywood movies with Asia-Pacific settings in terms of themes, characters, and depictions of institutions.
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Ashutosh, Ishan. „From the Census to the City: Representing South Asians in Canada and Toronto“. Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 17, Nr. 2 (Juni 2014): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.17.2.130.
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Since the 2006 Canadian Census, “South Asians” have constituted both Canada’s and Toronto’s most populous “visible minority group.” This article investigates the term “South Asian” along two lines of enquiry. First, through an examination of the Canadian Census, this article sheds light on how the state produced the term “South Asian.” The second aspect focuses on how this state classification has been used as the basis for antiracist activism and is inhabited and transformed as a critical transnational identity. I begin by tracing the emergence of the category “South Asian” in light of previous categories used in the Canadian Census since the migration of South Asians to Canada began in the early twentieth century. I then turn to narratives based on interviews with South Asians in Toronto to examine contemporary representations of this category. As a state category, I argue that the category “South Asian” homogenizes the diversity of South Asia and the South Asian diaspora, and yet, as a diasporic identity, the term challenges the national divides of postcolonial South Asia and the South Asian diaspora. I conclude by suggesting that South Asian identities represent complex and multiple identities that should not be reduced to a simple and artificial category of the state.
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Bayudan-Dacuycuy, Connie, und Joseph Anthony Y. Lim. „Export Sophistication, Export-Led Growth and Product Space: Evidence from Selected Asian Economies“. Journal of Asian and African Studies 52, Nr. 1 (28.07.2016): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909614560241.
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This research aims to examine the sophistication of export portfolios of selected Association of South East Asian Nation (ASEAN) and developed Asian economies. It aims to provide evidence of where exactly ASEAN economies are in the context of exports sophistication and structural transformation. Results from a product space analysis indicate that although limited in product scope, there are prospects for ASEAN economies to converge to the level of export sophistication of developed Asian countries. The analysis finds a need for governments to take a more active role in promoting more appropriate industrial and economic policies.
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Wang, Zhiyan. „Changes of Implicit and Explicit Asian Attitudes from 2018 to 2021“. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 5, Nr. 1 (17.05.2023): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/5/20220717.
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Discrimination against Asians increased after the 2019 COVID-19 outbreak. To study the current state of implicit and explicit attitudes, we used the Project Implicit Asian American IAT data from 2018 to 2021 (n = 127,239) to examine whether implicit and explicit attitudes toward Asian Americans changed before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that implicit bias toward Asians (Asian=Foreigners) persisted from 2018 to 2021, and showed an upward trend after May 2020. Explicit Asian bias fluctuated but decreased over time from 2018 to 2021. More importantly, age, race, education, state, year, and citizenship were all significant factors influencing peoples implicit and explicit attitudes toward Asian Americans. These findings inform the mechanism of attitude change, indicating the impacts of significant social events on attitude change.
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Lopez, Lori Kido. „Excessively Asian: crying, Crazy Rich Asians, and the construction of Asian American audiences“. Critical Studies in Media Communication 38, Nr. 2 (14.02.2021): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2021.1883193.
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Ihsan, Aqeel. „‘Paki go home’: The story of racism in the Gerrard India Bazaar“. Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 10, Nr. 1 (13.03.2023): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v10i1.556.
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For South Asian Canadians who migrated to Toronto in the 1970s, the only place for them to purchase and consume South Asian foodstuffs would have been in the area referred to as ‘Little India’, which later developed into what is referred to today as the Gerrard India Bazaar (GIB). Little India is located on Gerrard Street, encompassing the nine blocks from Greenwood Avenue to Coxwell Avenue. The very first South Asian entrepreneur in Gerrard Street was Gian Naaz, who rented the defunct Eastwood Theatre in 1972 and began showing films in Hindi and other South Asian languages. Naaz’s success inspired and attracted other South Asian entrepreneurs, some of whom opened restaurants and grocery stores. These early South Asian businesses on Gerrard Street combatted racism and racial stereotyping and the GIB was a microcosm of the violences South Asians experienced all across Toronto in the 1970s and 80s. As such, this paper tells the story of how South Asians, both them and their businesses, persevered and helped develop the GIB as an ethnic enclave because it allowed South Asians to affirm notions of home and belonging in Canada, all without ever having a distinct residential identity.
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Yu, Helen H. „Asian American police officers in the 21st century: the “other” minority cop“. Policing: An International Journal 46, Nr. 3 (26.06.2023): 583–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-03-2023-0038.
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PurposeThis study examines a variety of personal and workplace topics to uncover why Asians are still underrepresented in US policing, despite a 114% growth in the Asian American population during the past 30 years.Design/methodology/approachSurvey responses are collected from Asian police officers (N = 70) to capture their characteristics and lived experiences.FindingsThis study found 11 themes that may account for the underrepresentation of Asian Americans in US policing.Research limitations/implicationsThe small sample size represents those respondents from only four US states, limiting the sampling frame and generalizability.Practical implicationsThis study offers targeted recruitment strategies for improving Asian representation in US policing.Originality/valueAlthough Asians account for 6% of the US population, very little is still known about the experiences of Asian American police officers, despite working in one of the most visible public institutions in local government.
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Wu, Tsu-Yin, Olivia Ford, Alice Jo Rainville, Xining Yang, Chong Man Chow, Sarah Lally, Rachel Bessire und Jessica Donnelly. „Perceptions of COVID-19 Vaccine, Racism, and Social Vulnerability: An Examination among East Asian Americans, Southeast Asian Americans, South Asian Americans, and Others“. Vaccines 10, Nr. 8 (17.08.2022): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081333.
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As COVID-19 vaccines are readily available and most U.S. adults who are enthusiastic about the vaccine have received it, motivating those who have not been vaccinated to accept it has become a challenge. The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanisms behind COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Asian American ethnic groups, including how sociodemographic characteristics and racism predict COVID-19 and vaccine perceptions. The study also examined associations between social vulnerability and COVID-19 and vaccine perceptions. Social vulnerability is defined as the degree to which a community is able to prepare and respond to a natural or man-made disaster. This cross-sectional study used community-based survey data collected from April to September 2021. Study measures included demographics, perceptions of COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccines, and racism-related experiences. The results showed that, compared to Non-Asians, East Asians reported that they had significantly more challenges accessing COVID-19 vaccines, and South Asians reported significantly higher safety concerns about COVID-19 vaccines. Our study also found that racism experience mediates the association between race/ethnicity and safety concerns about COVID-19 vaccines. Three Asian subgroups (East Asians, South Asians, and Southeast Asians) experienced more racism (compared to Non-Asians), and more experience of racism was related to greater safety concerns. Geographical Information System (GIS) maps revealed that residents of lower social vulnerability index (SVI) areas reported fewer unfairness perceptions and that higher SVI areas had lower vaccine accessibility and trust in public health agencies. Our study advances the understanding of racism, social vulnerability, and COVID-19 vaccine-related perceptions among Asian Americans. The findings have implications for policymakers and community leaders with respect to tailoring COVID-19 program efforts for socially vulnerable populations and Asian American groups that experience greater challenges regarding vaccine safety concerns and accessibility.
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Lee, ShinHwa, Richard S. Balkin und Mary A. Fernandez. „Asian Intercultural Marriage Couples in the United States“. Family Journal 25, Nr. 2 (April 2017): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480717697951.
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Asian-involved intercultural couples are increasing as society becomes more open and accepting of intercultural relationships. Although issues and conflicts exist due to cultural differences, acculturation and personality characteristics may strengthen intercultural relationships. Ninety-two Asian and non-Asian individuals in Asian couples and Asian intercultural couples in the United States were compared based on the level of marital satisfaction, the level of acculturation, and personality characteristics. Findings indicated no differences in the level of marital satisfaction. However, significantly higher levels of acculturation in Asians in Asian intercultural couples and significantly higher levels of openness, conscientiousness, and extroversion in individuals in Asian intercultural couples were evident.
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Khan, Adnan Ahmed, Raleigh Ayoolu Fatoki, Diane M. Carpenter, Joan C. Lo und David M. Baer. „Clinical presentation of multiple myeloma by race/ethnicity and Asian subgroup in an integrated healthcare system.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2021): e20012-e20012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e20012.
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e20012 Background: Several US studies have evaluated ethnic differences in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), but few have focused on populations other than non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks. We examined ethnic differences in a contemporary cohort of MM patients and their presenting laboratory findings in a large, insured, community-based population, including findings across Asian American subgroups. Methods: Using the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Cancer Registry, we identified all new cases of MM from 2010-2018 and obtained data on age, sex, race/ethnicity, Asian subgroup, and presenting hemoglobin, calcium, and estimated renal function (eGFR derived from serum creatinine) from health plan databases. Moderate to severe anemia was defined by hemoglobin <10 g/dL, hypercalcemia by calcium >11 mg/dL, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) by eGFR: stage 3 (eGFR 30-59) and stages 4-5 (eGFR <30). MM incidence was estimated using membership denominators. Results: There were 2224 new MM cases (mean age 68y, 60% male) in 2010-2018, with an annual MM incidence of 7.9-9.8/100,000. Table 1 compares presentation by race/ethnicity. Non-Whites (45%) were more likely to present at age <65 than non-Hispanic Whites (30%, p<0.01). Black (43%) and Asian (39%) adults were more likely to present with hemoglobin <10 g/dL than non-Hispanic Whites (27%, p<0.01); Black adults were more likely to present with hemoglobin <10 g/dL than Hispanic adults (31%, p=0.02). Among the primary Asian subgroups, proportions with hemoglobin <10 g/dL were 38% (East Asian), 43% (Filipino), and 45% (South Asian). Blacks were more likely to present with CKD stage 4-5 (19.5%) than other races/ethnicities (p=0.04); differences between White vs non-White or Asian vs non-Asian were not significant. In Asians, 12.7% (South Asian) and 19.0% (Filipino, East Asian) presented with CKD 4-5. Asians were least likely to present with hypercalcemia (6.7%, p=0.03), and this was similar for Asian subgroups. Conclusions: We observed ethnic differences in MM presentation in a large integrated healthcare system. Blacks were more likely to have CKD stage 4-5 and hemoglobin <10 g/dL than non-Hispanic Whites. Asians were more likely to have CKD stage 4-5 than non-Hispanic Whites but least likely to have hypercalcemia. This is one of the first studies to identify Asian subgroups and examine variation across East Asians, Filipinos, and South Asians. Analyses examining ethnic differences in survival among MM patients are in progress.[Table: see text]
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Chan, Yuen-Yung Sherry. „The heathen, the plague, and the model minority: Perpetual self-assessment of Asian Americans as a panoptic mechanism“. Critical Research on Religion 9, Nr. 3 (22.10.2021): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503032211044436.
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Incidents of racism against Asians have been rising since the COVID-19 pandemic turned global in early 2020. Employing Foucault’s concept of panopticism and Kathryn Lofton’s insights on the function of religion to demarcate group boundaries, this article argues that American religion constructs Asian American stereotypes to limit the discursive space within which Asian Americans may negotiate their identities. These discursive limitations have, in turn, buttressed white supremacy. This article examines how some Asians and Asian Americans respond to anti-Asian sentiments during the pandemic by performing a close reading of an op-ed by prominent Asian American politician Andrew Yang in The Washington Post. This reading reveals that Yang’s colorblind solution upholds whiteness as the American gnosis and limits the discursive space in which Asian Americans may negotiate their identities. This article also discusses how the myth of America as a white Christian country withstands challenges from minority groups contesting its dominance.
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Mok, MY, und WL Li. „Do Asian patients have worse lupus?“ Lupus 19, Nr. 12 (Oktober 2010): 1384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203310375832.
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The predisposition to and clinical phenotype of systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disease that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, are affected by genetic and environmental factors. This article aims to examine whether Asians have worse lupus by reviewing the literature on genetic predisposition and clinical outcomes, including major organ involvement, damage score and mortality in Asian populations compared with other ethnicities. A number of lupus nephritis susceptibility genes have been identified in Asians and White patients, with further variations among different Asian populations. Meta-analysis studies on various Fcγ receptor subtypes revealed that FcγRIIIA-F158 allele, which is associated with low binding affinity to IgG1 and IgG3, predisposed to lupus nephritis in Asian patients. Asian patients were reported to have higher rates of lupus nephritis-associated autoantibodies, lupus nephritis and more active glomerulonephritis compared with White patients. Renal outcome and the level of immunosuppressant use in Asians were comparable to Afro-American Blacks in some studies. Asians were also found to have higher overall damage scores compared with Whites. The difference in mortality between Asian patients and other ethnicities in different geographical regions was found to vary depending on socioeconomic factors such as access to health care. Poverty, education level, cultural and behavioural factors are confounders to ethnicity in determining clinical outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Hsieh, Pasha L. „New Investment Rulemaking in Asia: Between Regionalism and Domestication“. World Trade Review 22, Nr. 1 (13.01.2023): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745622000362.
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AbstractThe article analyses investment rulemaking in new Asian regionalism in the context of evolving national legislation and regional trade strategies. It argues that the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) represent Asia's pragmatic incrementalism in reforming the investment regime. The process reinforces the relationship between international economic law and domestic investment laws. In tandem with transforming international investment agreements, ASEAN expedited investment and services trade, and established the modern investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanism. The RCEP further buttresses the ASEAN centrality in regional frameworks by consolidating ASEAN Plus One agreements. Yet, the RCEP's omission of ISDS reflects a distinct approach that may confront challenges to state-to-state proceedings and treaty shopping under overlapping pacts. Finally, the research sheds light on Asian countries' recent investment agreements and domestic dispute settlement that complement the liberal international order. These developments provide valuable models for developing countries and contribute to the understanding of global investment reforms from an Asian perspective.
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Prashad, Vijay. „From Multiculture to Polyculture in South Asian American Studies“. Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 8, Nr. 2 (September 1999): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.8.2.185.
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In 1997, Contours of the Heart: South Asians Map North America won the American Book Award from the Before Columbus Foundation (Maira and Srikanth). This was unexpected, not because of the quality of the book, but principally because of the little attention hitherto given to those who write about the “new immigrants” of the Americas (including South Asians, Filipinos, Southeast Asians, Africans, and West Asians). Prior to 1997, scholars and writers of South Asian America had been known to skulk in the halls of even such marginal events as the Asian American Studies Association and complain about the slight presence of South Asian American panels. That complaint can now be put to rest.
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Wang, Ying, Toni K. Choueiri, Jae-Lyun Lee, Min-Han Tan, Sun Young Rha, Scott A. North, Christian K. Kollmannsberger und Daniel Yick Chin Heng. „Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): Differences between Asian and non-Asian patients.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, Nr. 5_suppl (10.02.2012): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.5_suppl.451.
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451 Background: Several reports have indicated that VEGF targeted therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) may be more toxic in the Asian versus Caucasian populations. Comparative efficacy of these agents with respect to ethnicity is not well characterized. Methods: Eight centers participating in the International mRCC Database Consortium with available dose reduction data on patients with mRCC treated with VEGF targeted therapy were included in this analysis. Asian patients were derived from centers in Korea and Singapore. Results: 1024 patients with a median follow-up of 29.4 months were included in this analysis. Baseline characteristics are below. The percentage of dose modifications/reductions between non-Asians and Asians was similar (55% vs 61% p=0.1197) but more patients completely discontinued treatment due to toxicity in the non-Asian vs the Asian group (28% vs 21% p=0.0197). When adjusted for the Heng et al poor prognostic criteria, there was no difference in overall survival (HR 0.887, 95%CI 0.729-1.08, p=0.2322) or progression-free survival (HR 1.069, 95%CI 0.910-1.256, p=0.4184) between non-Asians and Asians. Interestingly, when patients were dose reduced due to toxicity, they had a longer treatment duration and overall survival than those that did not require a dose reduction in both the non-Asian (10.6 vs 5.0 months p<0.0001 and 22.6 vs 16.1 months p=0.0016, respectively) and in the Asian populations (8.9 vs 5.4 months p=0.0028 and 28.0 vs 18.7 months p=0.0069). Conclusions: After adjusting for risk groups, there appears to be no difference in outcome between Asians vs. non-Asian patients with mRCC treated withVEGF-targeted therapy. Judicious dose reductions may allow for better outcomes in both populations possibly due to longer treatment durations, but direct comparisons are needed. [Table: see text]