Dissertationen zum Thema „AseQTL“

Genregulation beeinflusst Phänotypen im Kontext von Gesundheit und Krankheit. In Krebszellen regulieren genetische und epigenetische Faktoren die Genexpression in cis. Das Neuroblastom ist eine Krebserkrankung, die häufig im Kindesalter auftritt. Es ist gekennzeichnet durch eine geringe Anzahl exonischer Mutationen und durch häufige Veränderungen der somatischen Kopienzahl, einschließlich Genamplifikationen auf extrachromosomaler zirkulärer DNA. Bisher ist wenig darüber bekannt, wie lokale genetische und epigenetische Faktoren Gene im Neuroblastom regulieren. In dieser Arbeit kombiniere ich die allelspezifische Analyse ganzer Genome (WGS), Transkriptome und zirkulärer DNA von Neuroblastom-Patienten, um genetische und cis-regulatorische Effekte zu charakterisieren. Ich zeige, dass somatische Dosis-Effekte der Kopienzahl andere lokale genetische Effekte dominieren und wichtige Signalwege regulieren. Genamplifikationen zeigen starke Dosis-Effekte und befinden sich häufig auf großen extrachromosomalen zirkulären DNAs. Die vorgestellte Analyse zeigt, dass der Verlust von 11q zu einer Hochregulation von Histonvarianten H3.3 und H2A in Tumoren mit alternativer Verlängerung der Telomere (ALT) führt, und dass erhöhte somatische Kopienzahl die Expression der TERT Gens verstärken können. Weitere Erkenntnisse sind, dass 17p-Ungleichgewichte und die damit verbundene Herunterregulierung neuronaler Gene sowie die Hochregulierung des genomisch geprägten Gens RTL1 durch Kopienzahl-unabhängige allelische Dosis-Effekte mit einer ungünstigen Prognose verbunden sind. Die cis-QTL-Analyse bestätigt eine zuvor beschriebene Regulation des LMO1 Gens durch einen Enhancer-Polymorphismus und charakterisiert das regulatorische Potenzial weiterer GWAS-Risiko-Loci. Die Arbeit unterstreicht die Bedeutung von Dosis-Effekten im Neuroblastom und liefert eine detaillierte Übersicht regulatorischer Varianten, die in dieser Krankheit aktiv sind.
Gene regulation controls phenotypes in health and disease. In cancer, the interplay between germline variation, genetic aberrations and epigenetic factors modulate gene expression in cis. The childhood cancer neuroblastoma originates from progenitor cells of the sympathetic nervous system. It is characterized by a sparsity of recurrent exonic mutations but frequent somatic copy-number alterations, including gene amplifications on extrachromosomal circular DNA. So far, little is known on how local genetic and epigenetic factors regulate genes in neuroblastoma to establish disease phenotypes. I here combine allele-specific analysis of whole genomes, transcriptomes and circular DNA from neuroblastoma patients to characterize genetic and cis-regulatory effects, and prioritize germline regulatory variants by cis-QTLs mapping and chromatin profiles. The results show that somatic copy-number dosage dominates local genetic effects and regulates pathways involved in telomere maintenance, genomic stability and neuronal processes. Gene amplifications show strong dosage effects and are frequently located on large but not small extrachromosomal circular DNAs. My analysis implicates 11q loss in the upregulation of histone variants H3.3 and H2A in tumors with alternative lengthening of telomeres and cooperative effects of somatic rearrangements and somatic copy-number gains in the upregulation of TERT. Both 17p copy-number imbalances and associated downregulation of neuronal genes as well as upregulation of the imprinted gene RTL1 by copy-number-independent allelic dosage effects is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. cis-QTL analysis confirms the previously reported regulation of the LMO1 gene by a super-enhancer risk polymorphism and characterizes the regulatory potential of additional GWAS risk loci. My work highlights the importance of dosage effects in neuroblastoma and provides a detailed map of regulatory variation active in this disease.

Las habilidades sociales son una competencia social que comprende repertorios de conducta, capacidades o destrezas socialmente adquiridas a lo largo de la vida, las cuales pueden ser aprendidas por observación, imitación, ensayo y por medio de información. La asertividad es la habilidad social que permite a las personas expresar pensamientos y sentimientos, aceptar críticas, realizar y recibir cumplidos, iniciar una conversación, defender sus derechos de forma directa, honesta y oportuna respetándose a sí mismo y a los demás. El desarrollo de la asertividad permite el éxito académico, laboral y personal. La presente investigación tuvo dos objetivos principales: 1) Describir los mecanismos de la comunicación interpersonal de los estudiantes de una universidad pública, ubicada en la zona oriente del Estado de México y compararlos por género, y 2) Diseñar y evaluar un Programa de Entrenamiento en Habilidades Sociales (EMA). Método y resultados. En lo referente el primer objetivo, se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal, con un diseño no experimental. Participaron 296 estudiantes, con un rango de edad de 16 a 49 años, quienes respondieron la Escala Multidimensional de Asertividad. El análisis de resultados indicó que no hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las habilidades sociales entre hombres y mujeres. Por otro lado, para el segundo objetivo, se desarrolló el Programa de Entrenamiento en Habilidades Sociales (ASERT), a partir de la propuesta de Caballo (1991) y de Monjas (2002). ASERT fue evaluado a partir de un estudio piloto, con un diseño cuasiexperimental, pretest-postest, sin grupo control. Participaron nueve estudiantes, con un rango de edad entre 16 y 28 años. El análisis de resultados indicó que los estudiantes mejoraron las habilidades para expresar o decir abiertamente de manera personal, lo que piensan y sienten. Discusión. Los hallazgos del primer estudio difieren de los reportados en estudios previos, los cuales han encontrado que los hombres tienen más habilidades sociales, en comparación con las mujeres. Por otro lado, hallazgos del segundo estudio sugieren una mejora en la asertividad indirecta de los participantes, sin embargo, se requieren estudios que evalúen el ASERT en otras muestras.

Os agentes antineoplásicos são considerados drogas de risco, ou seja, aquelas que podem ocasionar efeitos como genotoxicidade, carcinogenicidade , teratogenicidade ou alteração na fertilidade e a exposição dos profissionais de saúde constitui-se em grande preocupação do ponto de vista de saúde ocupacional. Precedendo o seu emprego na terapia oncológica, estes medicamentos devem ser submetidos a análises físicas, químicas e biológicas para avaliação da qualidade, sendo que estes testes geram considerável volume de resíduos que também requerem tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de diferentes métodos de inativação para as moléculas de cisplatina, doxorrubicina e paclitaxel em solução injetável, utilizando cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (avaliação química) e teste de citotoxicidade in vitro (avaliação biológica). Foram avaliados os inativantes Asepto 75® (solução a 0,5%), hipoclorito de sódio (solução a 10%) e tiossulfato de sódio (solução a 10%). Os ativos ficaram expostos aos inativantes por períodos que variaram de 0 a 6 horas. Os resultados demonstraram que o asepto 75 é eficiente para a inativação química e biológica dos três ativos, sendo o tempo de exposição fator determinante para a degradação química da cisplatina. Os graus de citotoxicidade variaram de nenhum a leve (IZ= 0 a 1). O hipoclorito de sódio possui um grau de citotoxicidade por si só, porém foi eficaz na inativação química dos três ativos. Já o inativante tiossulfato de sódio se mostrou eficaz na in ativação química da cisplatina, não tendo efeito sobre a doxorrubicina ou sobre o paclitaxel. Os resultados da avaliação in vitro mostraram-se compatíveis com os da avaliação química. Conclui-se que a inativação dos princípios ativos previamente ao descarte é eficaz para reduzir os riscos ocupacionais e ambientais das drogas citotóxicas.
The anti-neoplastic agents are considered risk drugs, that is, the ones that can cause effects, such as genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity or change in fertility. Because of these factors, the exposure of the health care professionals are a great concern of occupational health. Before the use of the oncological therapy, these drugs should be undergone to the physical, chemical and biological tests for the quality evaluation, considering that these test also produce a considerable amount of waste which also demand treatment. The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficacy oh the different methods of inactivation for the cisplatine molecules, doxorubicine and paclitaxel in injection solutions. Using high performance liquid chromatography (chemical evalution) and in vitro citotoxity test (biological evaluation). It has been evaluated Asepto 75 degradant (aqueous solution at 0,5%), sodium hypochlorite (aqueous solution at 10%) and sodium thyosulfate (aqueous solution at 10%). The drugs were exposed to the degradants in periods that ranged from 0 to 6 hours. The results have been demonstrated that asepto 75 is efficient for the chemical and biological inativation of the drugs, and the time of exposition is determinant for the chemical degradation of cisplatin. The citotoxicity grades have ranged from \"none\" to \"slight\". The sodium hypochlorite has a toxicity grade for itself, although it was effective in the chemical degradation of the three drugs. Yet the sodium thiosulfate degradant has demonstrated to be effective in the chemical inativation of cisplatin, not having effects over doxorubicin or paclitaxel. The results of in vitro evaluation have been compatible with the chemical evaluation. It concludes that the inactivation of the drugs before the waste is effective to reduce the occupational and environmental risks of citotoxic drugs.

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Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
O presente trabalho trata da invenção da cidade de Sobral - CE como cidade letrada, enobrecida e intelectual, a partir das atividades da Academia Sobralense de Estudos e Letras - ASEL, fundada em 1943, no influxo das mudanças perpetradas na cidade quando de seu aniversário de centenário em 1941. Nosso recorte temporal compreende o período que vai de 1943, data inicial da ASEL, até 1973, data em que se comemorou o bicentenário de Sobral, evento organizado pela Academia. Nesta perspectiva são analisados os fatores de construção do arquivo que enseja a invenção do que seria a cidade letrada, na confluência de textos literários tais como o romance Luzia-Homem (1903), de autoria de Domingos Olímpio, e históricos, como o livro de Monsenhor Fortunato Alves Linhares, Notas históricas da cidade de Sobral - 1712-1922 (1945), que investe no sentido de estabelecer o lugar da Vila Distinta e Real de (1773) como um dos marcos da cidade intelectual. A estratégia visava fazer do passado o lugar da história de Sobral. Dentro de uma concepção teórica e metodológica ligada a História Intelectual de caráter francesa, tratamos da análise das sociabilidades literárias, a organização dos intelectuais, o investimento na tentativa de entendimento dos seus modos de filiação, de seus interesses, manifestações e análise de discursos, nesse sentido a importância da utilização de autores como Jean-François Sirinelli, Helenice Rodrigues da Silva e Ângela de Castro Gomes, entre outros. Com esta pesquisa pretendeu-se contribuir para a pluralização das interpretações sobre a história de Sobral, compreendendo essa história a partir das experiências letradas organizadas pela ASEL.

Les performances des algorithmes d'ordonnancement ont un impact direct sur les performances du système complet. Les algorithmes d'ordonnancement temps réel possèdent des bornes théoriques d'ordonnançabilité optimales mais cette optimalité est souvent atteinte au prix d'un nombre élevé d'événements d'ordonnancement à considérer (préemptions et migrations de tâches) et d'une complexité algorithmique importante. Notre opinion est qu'en exploitant plus efficacement les paramètres des tâches il est possible de rendre ces algorithmes plus efficaces et à coût maitrisé, et ce dans le but d'améliorer la Qualité de Service (QoS) des applications. Nous proposons dans un premier temps des algorithmes d'ordonnancement monoprocesseur qui augmentent la qualité de service d'applications hybrides c'est-à-dire qu'en situation de surcharge, les tâches à contraintes souples ont leur exécution maximisée et les échéances des tâches à contraintes strictes sont garanties. Le coût d'ordonnancement de ces algorithmes est aussi réduit (nombre de préemptions) par une meilleure exploitation des paramètres implicites et explicites des tâches. Cette réduction est bénéfique non seulement pour les performances du système mais elle agit aussi positivement sur la consommation d'énergie. Aussi nous proposons une technique associée à celle de DVFS (dynamic voltage and frequency scaling) afin de minimiser le nombre de changements de points de fonctionnement du fait qu'un changement de fréquence implique un temps d'inactivité du processeur et une consommation d'énergie. Les algorithmes d'ordonnancement multiprocesseur basés sur le modèle d'ordonnancement fluide (notion d'équité) atteignent des bornes d'ordonnançabilité optimales. Cependant cette équité n'est garantie qu'au prix d'hypothèses irréalistes en pratique du fait des nombres très élevés de préemptions et de migrations de tâches qu'ils induisent. Dans cette thèse un algorithme est proposé (ASEDZL) qui n'est pas basé sur le modèle d'ordonnancement fluide. Il permet non seulement de réduire les préemptions et les migrations de tâches mais aussi de relâcher les hypothèses imposées par ce modèle d'ordonnancement. Enfin, nous proposons d'utiliser ASEDZL dans une approche d'ordonnancement hiérarchique ce qui permet d'obtenir de meilleurs résultats que les techniques classiques.

Thesis (MMus (Music))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
The initiation and establishment of community music projects have been increasing in number in South Africa in the last decade due to the growing interest in these projects’ beneficial outcomes. Music education, music activities and a myriad of opportunities through music are provided to under-privileged communities who would otherwise be deprived thereof. The Redefine Music Education Project is a community music project situated in Kuils River and which draws learners from local impoverished communities and townships. The efficient management of project, staff and learner commitment, and community involvement has resulted in various project and learner achievements. However, it has also undergone several setbacks and faces frequent challenges. Due to the Redefine Music Education Project’s success rate and sustained years of operation, it is considered as one of the Western Cape’s reputable community music projects. This research study sets out by evaluating the need and role of a community music project in disadvantaged communities as well as describing the qualities that make a community music project successful. The research uncovered the impact that such a project has on the individual and on local communities in the Western Cape. A noteworthy result of the study is the fact that it serves as guidance and motivation to other operating and upcoming community music projects. It also provides and opens further opportunities of study and research regarding music in the community.
Die inisiëring en vestiging van gemeenskaps-musiekprojekte het in die laaste dekade in Suid-Afrika toegeneem vanweë die groeiende belangstelling in die voordelige uitkomste van hierdie projekte. Hierdie projekte bied musiekopvoeding, musiekaktiwiteite en ontsluit geleenthede deur musiek aan minder bevoorregde gemeenskappe wat andersins nie daarmee in aanraking sou kom nie. Die Redefine Music Education Project is 'n gemeenskaps-musiekprojek geleë in Kuilsrivier. Die projek staan grootliks in diens van leerders uit plaaslike verarmde gemeenskappe en townships. Die doeltreffende bestuur van die projek, personeel en leerder-toewyding, en gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid het verskeie projek- en leerderprestasies tot gevolg gehad. Die projek het egter ook verskeie terugslae ervaar en staar voortdurende uitdagings in die gesig. As gevolg van die Redefine Music Education Project se suksesse en die hoeveelheid jare wat dit reeds bestaan, word dit gereken as een van die Wes-Kaap se maatgewende gemeenskaps-musiekprojekte. Hierdie navorsing evalueer die behoefte aan en rol van 'n gemeenskaps-musiekprojek in minder bevoorregde gemeenskape. Dit ondersoek ook die kwaliteite wat so 'n projek help om suksesvol te wees. Die navorsing toon uiteindelik ook die impak wat so 'n projek op individue en op plaaslike gemeenskappe in die Wes-Kaap het. 'n Betekenisvolle resultaat van die studie is dat dit as gids en motivering dien vir ander huidige en toekomstige gemeenskaps-musiekprojekte. Dit beskryf ook verdere geleenthede vir studie en navorsing ten opsigte van musiek in die gemeenskap.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the major swedish banks look upon and promote student profitability as well as long-term relationships within the student segment from a CRM point of view. The study incorporates a qualitative course of action with an abductive research approach which has been carried out by conducting personal and telephone interviews with representatives from three out of the four major swedish banks Nordea, Swedbank and Handelsbanken. Our research finds that the banks appear to regard their relationships with students as long-term investments, but that they simultaneously seem to lack distinctive, clear and procreative strategies for securing these relationships. Furthermore, the development of profitability within the student segment is considered an informal process that does not necessarily need to be computed through the use of quantitative estimates. Also, educational variables does not influence the banks as they segment their customer base and the student-centred offerings within the banking industry is to be deemed as being standardized rather than differentiated.

Abstract Finnish youth suicide mortality is exceptionally high in international comparisons. This study investigated the epidemiology of child and adolescent (< 18 years) suicides in Finland, with a special focus on gender differences. Two data sets were employed. Data from the national Finnish Cause of Death Register was used to examine trends in the rates and methods of child and adolescent suicides in Finland in 1969–2012. The characteristics of 58 child and adolescent suicides, which occurred in the province of Oulu in Northern Finland between 1988 and 2012, were explored based on individual-level data extracted from documents pertaining to establishment of the cause of death in medicolegal autopsy investigations. The primary source of data was death certificates. Other sources included documents such as police investigation reports and the results of toxicological investigations. In addition, the suicide data was linked with the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register. After 1990, suicide rates generally decreased for males, but increased for females. Among females, hanging exceeded poisoning as the most common suicide method after 1990, whereas firearms were the most common method among males, until traffic suicides took the leading position for both genders during 2008–2012. Violent suicide methods of all types increased among females after 1990. Male firearm suicide rates were nearly three times higher in Northern Finland than in Southern Finland, while there was no regional difference in rates of suicide by other methods. 15% of male and 17% of female suicide victims in the province of Oulu had a history of previous psychiatric hospitalization. The discharge diagnoses were heterogeneous. Previous suicidality and self-cutting were more common among females than males. Half of all adolescents were under the influence of alcohol at the time of their death. The majority of the intoxicated adolescents committed suicide at night, during descending blood alcohol concentrations. A notable fall peak was observed in male firearm suicides. The increase in violent, i.e. more lethal, suicide methods among females is alarming, as females are known to have high rates of attempted suicide. The special characteristics of male firearm suicides in Northern Finland suggest the need for region-specific preventive measures. The high frequency of acute alcohol use in child and adolescent suicides warrants attention
Tiivistelmä Suomalaisnuorten itsemurhakuolleisuus on kansainvälisessä vertailussa korkea. Tässä epidemiologisessa tutkimuksessa selvitettiin alle 18-vuotiaiden suomalaislasten ja -nuorten itsemurhien erityispiirteitä. Tutkimuksessa käytettiin kahta aineistoa. Kansallisen kuolemansyyrekisterin avulla selvitettiin alaikäisten itsemurhakuolleisuutta ja itsemurhien tekotapojen muutoksia Suomessa vuosina 1969–2012. Empiirisen aineiston asiakirjat koskivat entisen Oulun läänin alueella vuosina 1988–2012 itsemurhan tehneiden 58 alaikäisen oikeuslääketieteellistä kuolemansyyn selvittämistä. Aineiston perustiedot koottiin kuolintodistuksista. Lisäksi tietoja poimittiin muista kuolemansyyn selvittämisasiakirjoista, kuten poliisin tutkintapöytäkirjoista ja oikeuskemiallisista tutkimustuloksista. Aineistoon liitettiin myös hoitoilmoitusrekisteritietoja. 1990-luvun alusta lähtien poikien itsemurhat ovat vähentyneet ja tyttöjen lisääntyneet. Tytöillä hirttäytyminen ohitti myrkyttäytymisen yleisimpänä itsemurhan tekotapana vuoden 1990 jälkeen. Pojilla ampuminen oli yleisin itsemurhamenetelmä koko tutkimusjakson ajan, kunnes liikenneitsemurhat nousivat yleisimmäksi tekotavaksi molemmilla sukupuolilla vuosina 2008–2012. Väkivaltaisten itsemurhan tekotapojen käyttö on lisääntynyt tytöillä vuodesta 1990 lähtien. Poikien ampumisitsemurhakuolleisuus oli Pohjois-Suomessa lähes kolminkertainen muuhun Suomeen verrattuna. Vastaavaa alueellista eroa ei ollut muissa tekotavoissa. Oulun läänin alueella itsemurhan tehneistä pojista 15 % ja tytöistä 17 % oli ollut psykiatrisessa osastohoidossa ennen itsemurhaa. Diagnoosit olivat heterogeenisiä. Aiempi itsetuhoisuus ja viiltely oli yleisempää tytöillä kuin pojilla. Puolet alaikäisistä oli ollut humalassa itsemurhahetkellä. Suurin osa päihtyneenä tehdyistä itsemurhista tapahtui laskuhumalassa yöaikaan. Poikien ampumisitsemurhat olivat yleisempiä syksyllä kuin muina vuodenaikoina. Väkivaltaisten eli tappavampien itsemurhamenetelmien lisääntyminen tytöillä on huolestuttavaa, koska tyttöjen itsemurhayritysten tiedetään olevan yleisiä. Itsemurhien ehkäisyssä tulisi huomioida alueelliset erityispiirteet, joita tässä tutkimuksessa havaittiin poikien ampumisitsemurhissa Pohjois-Suomessa. Päihtyneenä tehtyjen itsemurhien suuri osuus alaikäisillä korostaa nuorten alkoholinkäytön vähentämisen merkitystä

La tesi ha come tema di studio la progettazione antincendio degli edifici, con particolare approfondimento del progetto dell’esodo degli occupanti. In Italia, le procedure previste in Italia nella sicurezza antincendio in un’attività a rischio sono stabilite dal D.P.R. 151/2011, con l’elenco delle attività soggette ai controlli di prevenzione incendi, e il D.M. 07/08/2012 inerente le modalità di presentazione della documentazione da allegare ai VVFF. La normativa individua 4 fasi d'incendio: ignizione, crescita, sviluppo (flashover), decadimento. Durante il processo di combustione si crea una colonna di fumo chiamata “fire plume”, con dispersione dei prodotti di combustione. La maggior parte dei decessi durante l'incendio avviene per inalazione di gas di combustione che recano effetti asfissianti, compromettendo la capacità di esodo, portando collasso e perdita di coscienza; se irritanti, provocano irritazione agli occhi e alle vie respiratorie, fino ad incapacità fisica e di movimento. Il “way-finding” è l’orientamento nello spazio fisico nei meccanismi di percezione sensoriale dell’ambiente; per “comportamento umano in emergenza” si intendono le azioni svolte dagli occupanti in situazioni di emergenza. La letteratura individua 7 processi psicologici di emergenza incendio: riconoscimento, validazione, definizione, valutazione, impegno, rivalutazione, e secondo la ISO/TR 13387-8 è necessario valutare lo scenario d'incendio secondo posizione e condizione degli occupanti. L’approccio prestazionale di esodo degli occupanti è basato sul confronto tra il “tempo disponibile per raggiungere un luogo sicuro” (ASET) e il “tempo necessario per la fuga” (RSET), e il criterio fondamentale è: t (ASET) > t (RSET). La tesi analizza criticamente la normativa nazionale ed internazionale, anche in relazione al confronto tra il nuovo ed il vecchio codice di prevenzione incendi, ed affronta il tema della progettazione dell’emergenza per un caso di studio di edilizia industriale.

碩士
國立政治大學
會計學系
104
In a knowledge-based economy, the electronics industry is driven to maturity stage . Therfore , the intangible assets are the keys to enhance the coporations’ performance. The electronics industry has developed nearly 40 years ,building the perfect economic chain .Now it’s the key position in the world . The electronics industry also has higher propotion of GDP than before . Merge and acquisition is an important method to aquire Goodwill & Intangible assets , except for the electronics industry . Tobins’Q can reflect the opportunity the future of the coporation .Therefore , this research aims to the propotion of acquisition price which is different between electronics industry and non- electronics industry . The research also adopts Tobins’Q as measuring the value of coporation , which aims to define the relationship between Goodwill & Intangible Assets . The empirical results are as follows. The total acquired intangible assets of the propotion of acquisition price are positively associated with the coporation value , and electronic industry is more positive than non-electronic industry .The electronic industry’s Tobins’Q , which means the value of coporation , will be increase year by year .

碩士
中央警察大學
消防科學研究所
107
There are several major fires of nursing homes, long-term care facilities and elderly care facilities in Taiwan that have caused massive casualties and loss in recent years. Thus, many public opinions about fire safety of disabilities of nursing homes’ and elderly care facilities’ occupants have occurred, and motivate the government to strengthen the fire safety countermeasures and amend relevant regulations. The fire risk of limited human resources during the night-shift and multi-occupants wards evacuation which were observed from fire cases, led to the discussion of the ward partition connected to the floor, the space above the ceiling connected to each wards, the number of openings on the ceiling, different origin of fire in the ward, and the setting of sprinkler system. Therefore, the influence factors and multifaceted analysis modes observed from major fire cases in Taiwan through some research methods and theories were constructed in this study, such as T-square fire growth model, verification of evacuation time, assisted evacuation time, fire scenarios analysis of Fire Dynamics Simulator, space configuration survey of the nursing home case. Besides, taking characteristics of evacuation behavior and the need for assisted evacuation summarized in the international literature as reference, this paper clarifies the tenability criteria for residents and first-responders of the nursing home in comparison with the verification parameter and data applied on people who are able to evacuate themselves, and finds the adaptability and difference between them. So that the results and analysis of evacuation safety performance criteria could be more closer to the status of fire scenarios and the safety needs of residents in nursing homes. Finally, compare the numerical simulation results of Fire Dynamics Simulator based on different construction space conditions with evacuation safety performance criteria of nursing homes to discuss the positive effects and potential negative interdependency of various parameters on fire safety in nursing homes. The studies find that the parameters including the ceiling height of wards and corridors, the number of openings on the ceiling, the ward partition connected to the floor, and the open door of the wards, are important factors in cross-interaction. For the evacuation safety of residents and first-responders who are affected by fire smoke, the fire safety can not be ensured just by any one of the parameters above setting up. For example, the ward partition connected to the floor seems to confine the fire and smoke well, however, the ceiling height and the number of openings on the ceiling of wards, and the open doors during emergency response could probably cause the negative impacts including the descend of smoke layer height and the fast spread of smoke. In addition, different origin of fire in the ward would have the impact on the fire safety conditions during emergency response for first-responders, and the priority of fire extinguishment and evacuation assistance. Comparing the time difference between ASET and RSET, it is found that the fire growth rate, limited human resources and pre-movement time of residents are significant fire risks. And also highlight the work of fire prevention and reduction, which are critical requirements of nursing home fire safety. By the scenario-based fire risk identification and communication, the emergency response capabilities of the first-responders have improved. To conclude, in order to enhance the total fire safety of nursing homes, the stakeholders’ goal of consensus is to combine building hardware facilities and equipment with effective responder arrangement and simplified emergency response works.

In this thesis, we explore determinants of Canadian workers’ job-related education and training take-ups by using the 2008 Access and Support to Education and Training Survey (ASETS). We implement three models, OLS, probit and logit. Regression results show that the three models produce similar and generally consistent estimates. We find systematic patterns across demographic groups in relation to job-related education and training. Most of our findings, such as the e?ect of age and education, are consistent with previous research. We also find two new influential factors, namely, individuals’ computer ability and their information search behavior, which are critical in determining job-related education and training take-ups. This new finding not only further completes the image of job-related education or training take-ups, but also suggests that government, educational institutions and employers invest more resources into internet to e?ectively promote job-related education and training.