Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Arts of the Pre-Inca Period“
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Biwer, Matthew E., Willy Yépez Álvarez, Stefanie L. Bautista und Justin Jennings. „Hallucinogens, alcohol and shifting leadership strategies in the ancient Peruvian Andes“. Antiquity 96, Nr. 385 (12.01.2022): 142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2021.177.
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In the pre-Columbian Andes, the use of hallucinogens during the Formative period (900–300 BC) often supported exclusionary political strategies, whereas, during the Late Horizon (AD 1450–1532), Inca leaders emphasised corporate strategies via the mass consumption of alcohol. Using data from Quilcapampa, the authors argue that a shift occurred during the Middle Horizon (AD 600–1000), when beer made from Schinus molle was combined with the hallucinogen Anadenanthera colubrina. The resulting psychotropic experience reinforced the power of the Wari state, and represents an intermediate step between exclusionary and corporate political strategies. This Andean example adds to the global catalogue documenting the close relationship between hallucinogens and social power.
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Monk, Claire. „EMI and the ‘Pre-heritage’ Period Film“. Journal of British Cinema and Television 18, Nr. 1 (Januar 2021): 50–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2021.0555.
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First coined in the UK in the early 1990s as a new label for an ostensibly new, post-1979 kind and cycle of period cinema, the ‘heritage film’ is now firmly established as a widely used term and category in academic film studies. Although the heritage film’s defining features, ideological character and ontological coherence would remain debated, its status as a ‘new’ category hinges, self-evidently, on the presumption that the films of post-1979 culturally English heritage cinema marked a new departure and were clearly distinct from their pre-Thatcher-era precursors. Yet, paradoxically, the British period/costume films of the preceding decade, the 1970s, have attracted almost no scholarly attention, and none which connects them with the post-1979 British heritage film, nor the 1980s cultural and industry conditions said to have fostered these productions with those of the 1970s. This article pursues these questions through the prism of Britain’s largest film production and distribution entity throughout 1970–86, EMI, and EMI’s place as a significant and sustained, but little-acknowledged, force in British period film production throughout that time. In so doing, the article establishes the case for studying ‘pre-heritage’ period cinema. EMI’s period film output included early proto-heritage films but also ventured notably wider. This field of production is examined within the broader terrain of 1970s British and American period cinema and within wider 1970s UK cinema box-office patterns and cultural trends, attending to commercial logics as well as to genre and the films' positioning in relation to the later heritage film debates.
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Beaule, Christine D., und Benito Quintana. „Llama herders and urban elites: Interdisciplinary readings of early colonial narratives in the Americas“. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 16, Nr. 1 (24.07.2016): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474022216635824.
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We argue for an interdisciplinary pedagogical approach that we call the Integration of Research and Education in the Classroom, which highlights and crosses disciplinary boundaries to challenge each field’s assumptions, limitations, conceptual and interpretive purview. We use a set of examples that center on problematizing various aspects of the concept of indigeneity in the Spanish Colonial Period of Latin America. These examples draw explicitly on material from literary and culture studies, archaeology and anthropology, and foster students’ critical thinking about the works of early indigenous authors such as the Inca Garcilaso de la Vega and Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala. We show how an Integration of Research and Education in the Classroom approach provides rich fodder for classroom discussions as well as scholarship.
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Aerila, Juli-Anna, Marja-leena Rönkkö und Satu Grönman. „Almost Like Us – Getting Familiar with another Historical Period in a Pre-school Group“. International Journal of Learning and Teaching 8, Nr. 3 (31.10.2016): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v8i3.707.
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This study reports on pre-school age children becoming familiar with their hometown’s cultural history through children’s literature, personal stories, and craft products. The aim of this study is to discuss the educational value of arts-based activities and authentic learning environments from the perspective of visualizing children’s experiences. In the learning process, children create stories and craft products based on a picture book of a home museum in their town and the experience of visiting the museum. The research is in line with the curriculum of Finnish pre-schools (valid from 2016), according to which children should be offered opportunities to empathize with their immediate environment using a variety of arts-based methods as support. The theoretical framework of this study is based on Kolb’s model of experiential learning, different approaches of arts-based learning and the theory of situated learning by Lave and Wenger. The data consist of children’s oral follow-up stories and craft products. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, which is a valid replicable method for making specific inferences from text to other states or properties of a source. It appears that different learning environments and arts-based, experiential activities contribute to learning in a child-centered way and may vizualize children’s thoughts and experiences, for the teacher, for the children themselves, and for other learners. The different stages of the experiential learning process proved to be beneficial to each other: The materials the children produced during the experiment could be used to activate educational discussions in pre-schools and make them more child-centered. In addition, the literature element and the authentic experience gave the children ideas for their own products..
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Ssegantebuka, Julius. „THE RELEVANCE OF THE VISUAL ARTS CURRICULUM IN THE PREPARATION OF PRE-SERVICE VISUAL ARTS TEACHERS IN UGANDA“. Problems of Education in the 21st Century 75, Nr. 4 (20.08.2017): 394–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/17.75.394.
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The research examined the relevance of the visual arts curriculum content with the view of assessing the extent to which it equips pre-service visual arts teachers with the knowledge and skills required for effective teaching. The study adopted a descriptive case study design. Data were collected from three purposively selected National Teacher Colleges (NTCs), six tutors and 90 final year pre-service visual arts teachers participated in this study. The research findings showed that teacher education institutions are inadequately preparing pre-service visual arts teachers because of the gaps in the Visual Arts Curriculum (VAC) used in NTCs. Some of these gaps are attributed to the structure of the visual arts curriculum tutors use in NTCs. The visual arts curriculum lacks explicit visual arts assessment strategies; it has wide and combined visual arts content to be covered within a short period of two years and the limited knowledge of the available art materials, tools and equipment. The research recommended the restructuring of the VAC to accommodate more practical; and the introduction of specialized knowledge in the visual arts education (VAE) to enable tutors decipher practical knowledge from the theory studied so as to adopt an integrated approach in VAE curriculum. Keywords: case study, pre-service teachers, relevant visual arts curriculum.
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Bosworth, C. Edmund. „Arab Attacks on Rhodes in the Pre-Ottoman Period“. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 6, Nr. 2 (Juli 1996): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300007161.
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The period of Mu'āwiya b. Sufyān, as governor over Syria and al-Jazīra under the caliph 'Uthmān from at least 25–6/646–7, and then as Umayyad caliph in Damascus 41–60/661–80, was crucial for the first impetus of Arab expansion in the eastern Mediterranean. Egypt had been conquered by 'Amr b. al-'Āṣ during 'Umar's caliphate, and the great port of Alexandria passed definitively into Arab hands by 21/642. Alexandria possessed famed dockyards, and had a Greco-Egyptian population which the Arabs were able to press into service for manning their warships operating out of the Egyptian ports and out of the harbours along the Syrian coast, such as Jaffa, Acre, Beirut and Tripoli.
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Завьялов, В. И., und Н. Н. Терехова. „REGIONAL DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF THE ANCIENT RUS BLACKSMITHING IN THE PRE-MONGOL PERIOD“. Краткие сообщения Института археологии (КСИА), Nr. 270 (01.03.2023): 320–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.0130-2620.270.320-329.
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Задачей исследования является анализ особенностей железообрабатывающего производства в древнерусских княжествах. В качестве примера выбраны Полоцкое и Рязанское княжества как наиболее полно представленные аналитическими материалами. Железообработка Полоцкого и Рязанского княжеств находилась в общем русле развития древнерусского ремесла. Наблюдаемые особенности в кузнечном производстве сравниваемых земель не имеют принципиального значения и объясняются, главным образом, хронологическим фактором. The task of this study is to analyze distinctive features of ironworking production in Russian medieval principalities. The study focuses on the Polotsk and Ryazan principalities as the lands best represented by analytical materials. Ironworking in the Polotsk and Ryazan principalities reflected all mainstream development trends in Ancient Rus arts and crafts. The specific features of blacksmithing in each of the two lands are irrelevant and are, largely, explained by the chronological factor.
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Gorzalczany, Amir, und Baruch Rosen. „Artifacts Associated with the Chemical Arts in the Early Islamic Period in Ramla, Israel“. Journal of Islamic Archaeology 10, Nr. 2 (07.03.2024): 145–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jia.23472.
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Archaeological excavations in Ramla, Jund Filastin capital during the early Islamic period, discovered in a zone of artisans and workshops, a unique complex of built and dug installations. It included barely known and understood components of a proto-chemical toolkit. The finds included an abundance of small, decorated bottles previously identified as perfume containers. Additional small finds of a proto-chemistry toolkit included e.g., bronze pipettes, delicate bronze pestles and weights. The complex is to be associated with the existence of a facility differing from an alchemist studio-laboratory. It involved the commercial, non-artisan, pre-industrial production of perfumes and aromatic oils associated with body care chemistry. The close proximity to a Hammam (bathhouse) is notable. Suitable comparisons were found throughout the Mediterranean Basin, from Spain, where comparable tool kits in close proximity to Hammams were discovered, to Russia, where similar technology and typology were documented. The article discusses the importance of the dictates of the Qur’an and Mohammedan traditions regarding purification of the body and their catalytic influence on social and early technological changes in a pre-industrial society.
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Méndez G., Cecilia. „Incas Sí, Indios No: Notes on Peruvian Creole Nationalism and its Contemporary Crisis“. Journal of Latin American Studies 28, Nr. 1 (Februar 1996): 197–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00012682.
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AbstractThis commentary article focuses on a crucial moment in the formation of Peruvian Creole nationalism: the 1836–9 Peruvian–Bolivian Confederation. Nationalist sentiments expressed through the anti-confederationist press, satiric poetry and pamphlets, glorified the Inca past while spurning the Indian present. During this period, a nationalist, essentially racist, rhetoric whose roots can be traced to the late eighteenth century, took shape. This rhetoric would provide the foundations of an ideology which has prevailed in Peruvian history. This rhetoric reached its peak in the twentieth century, while evolving into a historiographical discourse instrumental to the exercise of power and which is now in crisis.
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Sardenberg, Trajano, Gilberto José Cação Pereira, Cleide Santos Costa Biancardi, Sergio Swain Müller und Hamilton da Rosa Pereira. „Evolution of representation of the hands in plastic arts“. Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 10, Nr. 3 (September 2002): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-78522002000300003.
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The interaction between art and science was high during the Renaissance and it declined later to return significantly in the 20th century, mainly with the use of identification techniques, dating of art works and the development of new materials. The relationship between plastic arts and hand surgery is intense and artistic reproductions of hands are frequent in the illustration of scientific texts. With the objective of understanding the role of the hand in plastic arts, reproductions of works of art (sculptures and paintings) representative of several periods or styles in the history of art were analyzed emphasizing the study of the hands. Anatomical details, relationship with other structures of the human body, role in the composition and symbolic aspects of the hands were studied in historical and artistic contexts of art works in the Paleolithic period (pre-history) until the 20th century. The representation of the hands in plastic arts is directly related to the style or period of the work and to the individual ability of interpretation and execution by the artist.
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Quader, Md Abdul, und Quazi Tarikul Islam. „Impact of Donor Inflow in COVID 19 Pandemic: A Tertiary Care Hospitals Blood Service Experience“. Bangladesh Journal of Medicine 33, Nr. 1 (06.12.2021): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v33i1.56793.
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Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) causing the COVID 19 pandemic infection has affected one and all across the world and halting mosthuman activities. During the disease outbreak and country lockdown, Blood Transfusion Services faced numerous challenges to maintain the sustainability in service provision. We intend to identify the challenges faced during COVID-19 outbreak and the following imposed national lockdown. Methods: This retrospective study was done during the lockdown period from26/03/2020 to 30/05/2020 comprising 66 days to detect donor inflow declination and to compare the donor inflow with pre lockdown and post lockdown period of same duration. The periods were divided into six equal intervals to compare donor distribution patterns in lockdown, pre lockdown and post lockdown period. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for continuous variables and chi square test was done for categorical variables. Results: The donations collected during the lockdown period and post lockdown period were almost 71.37% and 62.82% less respectively when compared with the pre lockdown collection (211and 274 versus 737).While in interval periods, donor inflow was declined substantially in lockdown period and in post lockdown period, inflow was declined as of lockdown period initially but it increases as time passed. But the increment was not as such of pre lockdown period. Donor inflow in age group and time interval of donation frequency were statistically significant (p <0.00005 and p< 0.0037 respectively). Conclusion: Concerns of being infected through hospital contact, lack of public transport facilities, travel restrictions imposed by the police department, and no availability of medical student donors in the hospital setting were the main attributing factors for donor inflow. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2022; 33(1) : 70-75
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Muravchick, Rose E. „Objectifying the Occult: Studying an Islamic Talismanic Shirt as an Embodied Object“. Arabica 64, Nr. 3-4 (13.09.2017): 673–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341464.
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Abstract Islamic talismanic shirts from pre-Mughal South Asia form a stylistically cohesive subset within the larger corpus of Islamic talismanic shirts from the patrimonial-bureaucratic period. These objects have eluded sustained study due, in large part, to their wide geographical purview and dissimilarity from other period textiles. While these objects bear some similarities with talismans of smaller shape and disparate media, their form as garments has yet to be considered as integral to their function. In analyzing one of these South Asian shirts, from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, parallels between the arts of the book and the construction of armor highlight the apotropaic function of Koranic text when placed on the human body.
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McMichael, Crystal N. H., und Mark B. Bush. „Spatiotemporal patterns of pre-Columbian people in Amazonia“. Quaternary Research 92, Nr. 1 (26.03.2019): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2018.152.
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AbstractA current goal among many scientific disciplines is to incorporate data on past human land use and climate change into current global climate and vegetation models. Here, we used existing archaeological and paleoecological data to provide a spatiotemporal reconstruction of human history in Greater Amazonia over the Holocene. We used an ensemble distribution model based on a database of georeferenced 14C-dated material and environmental factors to predict the changes in spatial distributions of past human occupation sites. We ran these models for the precultivation (13,000–6000 yr ago), early cultivation (6000–2500 yr ago), and late cultivation (2500–500 yr ago) periods. The ensemble models suggest that people mostly inhabited the peripheral areas of Greater Amazonia and the eastern sections of the main Amazon River and its larger tributaries during the precultivation period. Human populations began growing exponentially through the early cultivation period, and people spread and expanded into the interior forests and along river channels in western Amazonia. Populations continued growing through the late cultivation period in these same regions. Our results suggest that many forests, particularly in the peripheral regions and riverine locations, may still be in recovery from disturbances that have occurred repeatedly through the Holocene.
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Yusupov, R. R., und A. F. Zinnurova. „Traditions of decorative and applied arts in the Kazan province (XVI–XX centuries)“. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, Nr. 4 (45) (Dezember 2020): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2020-4-168-172.
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The article considers issues of development of Tatar and Russian decorative and applied arts in the Kazan province in the pre-revolutionary period. The specificity of the two national art trends, the differences and the reasons for the peculiarities are highlighted. The prerequisites for the professional training of craftsmen are investigated. It is proved that arts and folk crafts are closest to the academic fi ne arts. Convincing evidence is given that art education by the process of mastering professional skills and aesthetics in a particular form of art, which was originally carried out in Moscow and St. St. Petersburg acquired its special significance with the opening of such educational institutions in the Kazan province itself and contributed to the mutual enrichment and interpenetration of Tatar and Russian arts and crafts.
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Steinhardt, Nancy Shatzman. „Toward the Definition of a Yuan Dynasty Hall“. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 47, Nr. 1 (01.03.1988): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990256.
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The structure of buildings from the Yuan dynasty (1271-1368) in China has heretofore been studied alternatively as the culmination of earlier periods of architectural styles from about the 10th century and as the beginning of a new phase in Chinese construction that lasts until the beginning of the Modern period in the 19th century. This article takes as its focus halls built at palatial or religious complexes in north China during the Yuan period to determine if a period style can be defined within the homogeneous timber frame building tradition. Studying the buildings and their details through surviving architecture and fragments, contemporary descriptions, and contemporary painting, the investigation concludes that, although the Yuan period may be termed transitional, its buildings are more closely allied with the pre-Yuan than the post-Yuan period, especially as the earlier style is known from the illustrated construction manual Yingzao Fashi.
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Smitka, Julie A. M. „Why Our High Schools Need the Arts“. Alberta Journal of Educational Research 59, Nr. 2 (15.04.2014): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.55016/ojs/ajer.v59i2.55602.
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The arts have always had a profound impact on our lives: whether it be to express an idea, emotion, or as a way to communicate. Our worldly artistic experiences and knowledge date as far back as the Pre-historic period. So why is it that music, dance, drama, and visual arts, all cultural subjects so steeped in human history are, for the most part, always on the cutting block in educational curriculum? Why is artistic importance in the curriculum always viewed as mundane and devalued by so many policy makers? Following her best selling book Why Our Schools Need the Arts, author Jessica Hoffman Davis brings us Why Our High Schools Need the Arts. In arguing for an increase in arts courses within the educational curriculum as a way to engage all students and to alleviate the drop out rates of disenfranchised youth, Hoffman Davis offers vivid accounts from students, teachers, administrators “to provide the reader (the high school student, concerned parent, school administrator, teacher, arts education advocate, and/or policymaker) with the necessary information and perspective with which to argue for a prominent place for the arts in the reformation of high school curriculum” (p. 5).
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Carragáin, Tomás Ó. „Regional Variation in Irish Pre-Romanesque Architecture“. Antiquaries Journal 85 (September 2005): 23–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500074369.
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This paper demonstrates that the five Irish early medieval church types have markedly differential distributions. In particular, most of those with antae are in the east, while most of those without antae are in the west. It is shown that this regionalism cannot be interpreted as a deliberate strategy of material differentiation on the part of particular politico-cultural groups. A reconsideration of the chronology suggests that many of the antae-less churches are relatively late, and so the division is primarily indicative of differences in the period and rate of mortared church construction, something that is influenced by both environmental and cultural factors. It is suggested that differences in church dimensions between east and west are indicative of subtle economic differences; and a range of archaeological evidence is used to sketch other economic and cultural variations. These patterns highlight the importance of exploring regionality, even when studying relatively cohesive entities such as early medieval Ireland.
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Barber, Sarah B., und Mireya Olvera Sánchez. „A DIVINE WIND: THE ARTS OF DEATH AND MUSIC IN TERMINAL FORMATIVE OAXACA“. Ancient Mesoamerica 23, Nr. 1 (2012): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536112000016.
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AbstractThis paper examines the social context of music and musical instruments in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica through the detailed analysis of a late Terminal Formative period (a.d.100–250) burial from the site of Yugüe in the lower Río Verde Valley of Oaxaca. The burial contained a sub-adult male interred with an incised bone flute and a plaster-backed iron-ore mirror. The Yugüe flute is the earliest reported bone flute from Mesoamerica and is incised and carved to create the bas relief image of a skeletal male figure. Based on the instrument's archaeological context and elaborate incising, we argue that the flute was categorized in pre-Columbian ontology as an animate object that actively participated in ceremonial action at Yugüe. While the nature of such ceremony remains unclear, the incising on the flute indicates that the instrument was capable of making manifest ancestral and divine forces affiliated with rain, wind, and agricultural fertility.
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Lummis, Geoffrey William, Julia Elizabeth Morris und Graeme Lock. „The Western Australian Art and Crafts Superintendents’ advocacy for years k-12 Visual Arts in education“. History of Education Review 45, Nr. 1 (06.06.2016): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-12-2014-0045.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to record Visual Arts education in Western Australia (WA) as it underwent significant change between 1967 and 1987, in administration, policy, curriculum and professional development. Design/methodology/approach – A narrative inquiry approach was utilized to produce a collective recount of primary Visual Arts teacher education, based on 17 interviews with significant advocates and contributors to WA Visual Arts education during the aforementioned period. Findings – This paper underscores the history of the role of Western Australian Superintendents of Art and Crafts and the emergence of Visual Arts specialist teachers in primary schools, from the successful establishment of a specialist secondary Visual Arts program at Applecross Senior High School, to the mentoring of generalist primary teachers into a specialist role, as well as the development and implementation of a new Kindergarten through to Year 7 Art and Crafts Syllabus. It also discusses the disestablishment of the WA Education Department’s Art and Crafts Branch (1987). Originality/value – The history of primary Visual Arts specialists and advocacy for Visual Arts in WA has not been previously recorded. This history demonstrates the high quality of past Visual Arts education in WA, and questions current trends in pre-service teacher education and Visual Arts education in primary schools.
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PETEK, Nina. „Aesthetics of the Classical Period of the Islamic Mughal Empire in India through a Portrait of Abū al-Fath Jalāl al-Dīn Muhammad Akbar“. Asian Studies 6, Nr. 1 (30.01.2018): 73–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2018.6.1.73-109.
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The reign of Abū al-Fath Jalāl al-Dīn Muhammad Akbar (1556–1605) was a fruitful period of the political, cultural and spiritual synthesis of Persian, Indian, and European tradition, as well as an artistic and aesthetic renaissance. This cosmopolitan, universal and charismatic ruler strived for the external, political, material and spiritual well-being of his colourful empire. In search of a balance between the external and internal, and in his endeavours for the unification and uniformity of India he gradually created a completely new style of Mughal arts, which is a stunning reflection of his personality’s transformations, principles, insights, interests, and spiritual growth.The paper focuses on a psychological portrait of the ruler, who dictated aesthetics and the style of the classical period of Mughal arts which consists of the three basic developmental phases of Akbar’s enigmatic character. The thesis on the parallel development of Akbar’s personality and Mughal arts is supported by research on the influence of certain European and Persian aesthetic elements, and mainly on the influence of Indian philosophical-religious tradition (the doctrines on rasa, bhakti, yoga, and tantra). The early period of Mughal arts, with predominantly realistic elements, coincides with the ruler’s dynamic, youthful enthusiasm and immense curiosity to acquaint himself the most varied aspects of external events and appearances. The second, the mature period, which enriches this earlier realism by means of mystical elements and the symbolism of Indian pre-Mughal painting, is marked by the shift into the interior and by searching for the harmony between the material and spiritual. In the late period of Mughal painting, however, reflexive and lyrical works prevail, which are a reflection of completion of Akbar’s spiritual quests, and the unique project of multifaceted synthesis that he undertook and promoted.
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Teixidor, Javier. „The Coinage and Mints of Phoenicia: The Pre-Alexandrine Period. John Wilson Betlyon“. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 46, Nr. 1 (Januar 1987): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/373223.
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Kumar, S., N. Garg, B. S. Chauhan, C. Gautam, T. Chand, M. P. George und K. S. Jayachandran. „Effect of lockdown amid second wave of COVID-19 on environmental noise scenario of the megacity Delhi, India“. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, Nr. 3 (September 2022): 1317–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0013827.
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This paper analyzes the impact of second wave of COVID-19 lockdown on environmental noise levels of 25 sites in Delhi city and compares the noise scenario during pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lockdown periods. The study utilized the noise monitoring data acquired from 25 real-time ambient noise monitoring stations, installed by the Delhi Pollution Control Committee, Delhi, at various sites throughout Delhi city. A significant reduction of up to 10 and 3 dB(A) in day and night equivalent noise levels, respectively, had been observed during the lockdown period as compared to the pre-lockdown and post-lockdown periods. The study also revealed that only nine sites, including four industrial and five commercial zone sites, complied with the ambient noise standards during lockdown period, and no silence or residential zone sites complied with the ambient noise standards even during the lockdown period. A roadmap for environmental noise management and control is suggested. The study also reports the community's perception toward the change in acoustic environment of Delhi city during the lockdown period by conducting an environmental noise perception survey. The present study should be helpful in devising noise control action plans and policy interventions for environmental noise management and control in the metropolitan city Delhi, India.
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Karelin, Vladimir. „Russian-Norwegian Trade and Economic Relations: Grain Trade in the Pre-War Period (1905—1914)“. ISTORIYA 14, Nr. 8 (130) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840027820-1.
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The article is dedicated to the problem of Russian-Norwegian trade relations in the pre-war period, when after break of the Swedish-Norwegian union (1905), both countries showed interest in establishing diplomatic relations, while Norway sought to realize trade and economic expansion into the Russian market. The author used archival and published Norwegian and Russian statistical sources concerning the main issue for Russia’s grain exports at the beginning of the 20th century, which took place in the face of strong competition with Germany on the European agricultural market. Attention is drawn to the negative trend in Russian-Norwegian export-import operations, which was noted both in government spheres and in the circle of academic economists — bureaucracy advisers.
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Maras, Steven. „Screenwriting research in Australia: A truncated (pre)history“. Journal of Screenwriting 12, Nr. 2 (01.06.2021): 179–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/josc_00059_1.
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Recent years have seen a growing interest in the history of fields of study and academic disciplines. While recognizing a number of limitations, this article explores the emergence of screenwriting research in Australia. It addresses the question of what were the cultural conditions that gave rise to contemporary screenwriting research in Australia. The article discusses three key factors: firstly, long-standing policy settings around cultural identity and content in film and television; secondly, active debates around ‘screen culture’ that have given discussions of the place of culture and story special prominence and contributed to awareness of questions of cultural ‘value’, and conventional separations of production and consumption; thirdly, the rise of film studies in the 1970s, which gave ferment to research into narrative and story forms. My goal is to capture some of the contextual features that are important to an understanding of screenwriting research in this period and geography, and to suggest that screenwriting research emerged as intellectual attitude and area of interest that eventually crystallized as part of a more formalized arena of study in the later 2000s.
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Sandweiss, Daniel H., Kirk A. Maasch, Fei Chai, C. Fred T. Andrus und Elizabeth J. Reitz. „Geoarchaeological evidence for multidecadal natural climatic variability and ancient Peruvian fisheries“. Quaternary Research 61, Nr. 3 (Mai 2004): 330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.02.008.
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Understanding the influence of natural climatic variability on modern fisheries is complicated by over a century of industrial fishing. Archaeological data provide unique opportunities for assessing precolonial and preindustrial fisheries. Records show that anchoveta-vs sardine-dominated fisheries correlate with 20th-century climate change in the Pacific Basin and are linked to multidecadal climatic variability. The “anchovy regime” is characterized by cooler conditions and lower frequency El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, while the “sardine regime” is associated with warmer conditions and higher frequency ENSO. Fish remains excavated at Lo Demás, an Inca-period (ca. A.D. 1480–1540) fishing site at 13°25′S on the Peruvian coast, document a shift from an anchoveta-to a sardine-dominated fishery at about A.D. 1500. This shift correlates with records for increasing ENSO frequency at the same time. Middle and late Holocene sites have archaeofish assemblages that also suggest regime changes. Here we show that changes in fish regimes can result from natural variability and we support the potential role of archaeological assemblages in tracking multidecadal climate change in the Pacific Basin throughout the Holocene (0–11,500 cal yr B.P.).
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Carley, James P. „Two pre-Conquest manuscripts from Glastonbury Abbey“. Anglo-Saxon England 16 (Dezember 1987): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675100003902.
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The earliest identified surviving manuscripts from Glastonbury Abbey date from the ninth and tenth centuries, but there are reliable post-Conquest traditions claiming that valuable books were found at the monastery as early as the reign of Ine, king of the West Saxons (688–726). By the tenth century at the latest there are reports of an ‘Irish school’ at Glastonbury, famous for its learning and books, and St Dunstan's earliest biographer, the anonymous. B., relates that Dunstan himself studied with the Irish at Glastonbury. During Dunstan's abbacy (940–56) – that is, at the period when most historians would place the beginnings of the English tenth-century reform movement – there was a general revival at Glastonbury which included a concerted policy of book acquisition and the establishment of a productive scriptorium. Not surprisingly, Dunstan's abbacy was viewed by the community ever afterwards as one of the most glorious periods in the early history of the monastery, especially since the later Anglo-Saxon abbots showed a marked falling off in devotion and loyalty to the intellectual inheritance of their monastery. Æthelweard and Æthelnoth, the last two Anglo-Saxon abbots, were especially reprehensible, and confiscated lands and ornaments for the benefit of their own kin. Nor did the situation improve immediately after the Conquest: the first Norman abbot, Thurstan, actually had to call in soldiers to quell his unruly monks. In spite of these disruptions, a fine collection of pre-Conquest books seems to have survived more or less intact into the twelfth century; when the seasoned traveller and connoisseur of books, William of Malmesbury, saw the collection in the late 1120s he was greatly impressed: ‘tanta librorum pulchritudo et antiquitas exuberat’.
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Owens, Alison, und Donna Lee Brien. „Australian women writers’ popular non-fiction prose in the pre-war period: Exploring their motivations“. Australasian Journal of Popular Culture 11, Nr. 1 (01.12.2022): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ajpc_00051_1.
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Since the 1970s, feminist scholars have undertaken important critical work on Australian women’s writing of earlier eras, profiling and promoting their fiction. Less attention has been afforded to the popular non-fiction produced by Australian women writers and, in particular, to that produced before the Second World War. Yet this writing is important for several reasons. First, the non-fiction writing of Australian women was voluminous and popular with readers. Second, this popular work critically engaged with a tumultuous political, social and moral landscape in which, as women’s rights were increasingly realized through legislation, the subjectivity of women themselves was fluid and contested. Third, as many of these women were also, or principally, fiction writers, their non-fiction can be shown to have informed and influenced many of their fictional interests, themes and characters. Lastly, and critically, popular non-fiction publication helped to financially sustain many of these writers. In proposing a conceptual framework informed by the work of Pierre Bourdieu to analyse examples of this body of work, this article not only suggests that important connections exist between popular and mainstream non-fiction works – newspaper and magazine articles, essays, pamphlets and speeches – and the fictional publications of Australian women writers of the early twentieth century but also suggests that these connections may represent an Australian literary habitus where writing across genre, form and audience was a professional approach that built and sustained literary careers.
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Kaufman, Terrence, und John Justeson. „HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS AND PRE-COLUMBIAN MESOAMERICA“. Ancient Mesoamerica 20, Nr. 2 (2009): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536109990113.
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AbstractThis article presents some of the authors' perspectives on the past 20 years of work that applies the results of research in historical linguistics to the understanding of the histories and cultural practices of pre-Columbian Mesoamericans. It focuses on major cultural transformations to which both historical linguistic and archaeological data can contribute, such as the spread of agriculture, and migrations in Mesoamerican prehistory. It also addresses major culture-historical studies on narrower topics: on Nawa and its place in the prehistory of Mexico, in particular confirming standard views that Nawas were immigrants into Mesoamerica; on Archaic and Formative period interactions involving Oto-Mangeans, which is work that is largely still to be done; on the prospects for work on long-distance contacts between Mesoamerica and North America; on the contributions of historical linguistics in Mesoamerican epigraphy; and on the value and prospects of updating the methodology of glottochronology.
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Christesen, Paul. „THE TYPOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY OF SPARTAN BURIALS FROM THE PROTOGEOMETRIC TO THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD: RETHINKING SPARTAN EXCEPTIONALISM AND THE OSTENSIBLE CESSATION OF ADULT INTRAMURAL BURIALS IN THE GREEK WORLD“. Annual of the British School at Athens 113 (November 2018): 307–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245418000096.
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This article makes use of recently published graves to offer the first synthetic analysis of the typology and topography of Spartan burials that is founded on archaeological evidence. Our knowledge of Spartan burial practices has long been based almost entirely on textual sources – excavations conducted in Sparta between 1906 and 1994 uncovered fewer than 20 pre-Roman graves. The absence of pre-Roman cemeteries led scholars to conclude that, as long as the Lycurgan customs were in effect, all burials in Sparta were intracommunal and that few tombs had been found because they had been destroyed by later building activity. Burial practices have, as a result, been seen as one of many ways in which Sparta was an outlier. The aforementioned recently published graves offer a different picture of Spartan burial practices. It is now clear that there was at least one extracommunal cemetery in the Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods. What would normally be described as extramural burials did, therefore, take place, but intracommunal burials of adults continued to be made in Sparta throughout the Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods. Those burials were concentrated along important roads and on the slopes of hills. The emergent understanding of Spartan burial practices takes on added significance when placed in a wider context. Burial practices in Sparta align closely with those found in Argos and Corinth. Indeed, burial practices in Sparta, rather than being exceptional, are notably similar to those of its most important Peloponnesian neighbours; a key issue is that in all three poleis intracommunal burials continued to take place through the Hellenistic period. The finding that adults were buried both extracommunally and intracommunally in Sparta, Argos and Corinth after the Geometric period calls into question the standard narrative of the development of Greek burial practices in the post-Mycenaean period.
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Nichols, Deborah L., Hector Neff und George L. Cowgill. „CERRO PORTEZUELO: STATES AND HINTERLANDS IN THE PRE-HISPANIC BASIN OF MEXICO“. Ancient Mesoamerica 24, Nr. 1 (2013): 47–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536113000035.
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AbstractGeorge Brainerd directed excavations at Cerro Portezuelo in the mid-1950s to understand the Classic to Postclassic transition and the questions he asked are still salient. We have undertaken a reanalysis of the artifacts, survey, and excavation data from Brainerd's project to better understand the nature of relations between the Early Classic period city of Teotihuacan, its immediate hinterlands, and the change from the Teotihuacan state system to Postclassic period city-state organization. Because of Cerro Portezuelo's long occupation that began in the Late/Terminal Formative period and continued beyond the Spanish Conquest, it is a strategic site to investigate the dynamics of state formation and episodes of centralization and fragmentation over this long span. Here we review the history of research concerning Cerro Portezuelo, discuss the current research project reported in the articles that comprise this Special Section, and highlight some of the major findings.
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Jeong, Jin. „The Status and Musical Analysis of Paik Young Ho's Early Film Themes: A Focus on Pre-'Dongbaek Agassi' Works“. Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 45, Nr. 12 (31.12.2023): 443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2023.12.45.12.443.
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This study was aimed to musical analyze the status and early film Themes of Paik Young ho. This study analyzed 38 film scores by year and collaboration musicians. This study focused on investigating the structural, melodic, rhythmic, and formal characteristics of the 37 scores, as well as the relationship between lyrics and melody. This results revealed that Paik composed scores for 38 themes in 21 films and collaborated with numerous figures from popular arts. At this time, elements such as the 7-tone scale, sequential progressions of major 2nd intervals, triads, and choral songs reflected the trends in Korean popular music. However, the characteristics of Paik's film themes during this period were marked by high pitches and wide vocal ranges, frequent jumps of 4th intervals, abrupt leaps of 7th to 10th intervals, intentionally used irregularities, and distinctive compositional techniques. The intensified film score activities during this period continued and led to Paik's musical prime, marked by “Dongbaek Agassi.”
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Milic, Jovana, Stefano Renzetti, Denise Morini, Federico Motta, Federica Carli, Marianna Menozzi, Gianluca Cuomo et al. „Bone Mineral Density and Trabecular Bone Score Changes throughout Menopause in Women with HIV“. Viruses 15, Nr. 12 (01.12.2023): 2375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15122375.
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Objective: The objectives of this study were to describe the trajectories of bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) changes throughout pre-menopause (reproductive phase and menopausal transition) and post-menopause (early and late menopause) in women with HIV (WWH) undergoing different antiretroviral therapies (ARTs) and explore the risk factors associated with those changes. Methods: This was an observational longitudinal retrospective study in WWH with a minimum of two DEXA evaluations comprising BMD and TBS measurements, both in the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal periods. Menopause was determined according to the STRAW+10 criteria, comprising four periods: the reproductive period, menopausal transition, and early- and late-menopausal periods. Mixed-effects models were fitted to estimate the trajectories of the two outcomes (BMD and TBS) over time. Annualized lumbar BMD and TBS absolute and percentage changes were calculated in each STRAW+10 time window. A backward elimination procedure was applied to obtain the final model, including the predictors that affected the trajectories of BMD or TBS over time. Results: A total of 202 WWH, all Caucasian, were included. In detail, 1954 BMD and 195 TBS data were analyzed. The median number of DEXA evaluations per woman was 10 (IQR: 7, 12). The median observation periods per patient were 12.0 years (IQR = 8.9–14.4) for BMD and 6.0 years (IQR: 4.3, 7.9) for TBS. The prevalence of osteopenia (63% vs. 76%; p < 0.001) and osteoporosis (16% vs. 36%; p < 0.001) increased significantly between the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal periods. Both BMD (1.03 (±0.14) vs. 0.92 (±0.12) g/cm2; p < 0.001) and TBS (1.41 (IQR: 1.35, 1.45) vs. 1.32 (IQR: 1.28, 1.39); p < 0.001) decreased significantly between the two periods. The trend in BMD decreased across the four STRAW+10 periods, with a slight attenuation only in the late-menopausal period when compared with the other intervals. The TBS slope did not significantly change throughout menopause. The delta mean values of TBS in WWH were lower between the menopausal transition and reproductive period compared with the difference between menopause and menopausal transition. Conclusions: Both BMD and TBS significantly decreased over time. The slope of the change in BMD and TBS significantly decreased in the menopausal transition, suggesting that this period should be considered by clinicians as a key time during which to assess bone health and modifiable risk factors in WWH.
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Alhamami, Munassir, und Hassan Costello. „Pre-service EFL Teachers’ Expectations, Needs, and Challenges in a Language Learning and Technology Course“. Journal of Language Teaching and Research 10, Nr. 3 (01.05.2019): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1003.23.
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This study contributes to and expands the existing body of knowledge on the subject by examining the needs, expectations, and challenged by pre-service English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers in a language learning and technology (LL&T) course. This study was conducted in a Bachelor of Arts program at a Saudi university. Research results are based on a qualitative survey utilising open-ended questions. The purposes of the questionnaire were to explore instructor: Expectations, needs, experiences, preferred technology, challenges, and suggestions. The survey sample size was 79 pre-service EFL teachers, and the survey period spanned two consecutive semesters. The results of the research indicate that each of the foregoing are important factors in the quality of technology-based pre-service EFL teachers training courses. See supra. The study also suggests that several important issues might easily be overlooked in course syllabus development and material usage.
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Ren, Chunguang, und Xiaoming Yang. „Research on Costume Ideology of the Pre-Qin Period from Perspective of Chu Ci“. Asian Social Science 16, Nr. 4 (31.03.2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v16n4p59.
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Chu Ci is a collection of poems created by Qu Yuan. It combines the folk songs of the ancestors of the Yangtze river valley with ancient myths and legends, and has a strong local color and unique artistic style. Through the description of costumes in Chu Ci, we can find the formation, development and connection between costume ideology in the pre-Qin period and the ancient Chinese conception of nature, which has a significant influence on the formation of ancient Chinese philosophy and traditional clothing culture.
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Russo, Francesco. „The Printed Illustration of Medieval Architecture in Pre-Enlightenment Europe“. Architectural History 54 (2011): 119–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00004020.
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The aim of this article is to bring to the attention of readers a series of significant examples of texts printed prior to 1700 and illustrated with images of medieval architecture in continental Europe. British illustrations of buildings and ruins from the Middle Ages have received relevant attention from modern scholarly writers, but studies of analogous continental examples are lacking. Illustrations of medieval architecture have been little considered in most studies of the Early Modern period, as compared with those of their sixteenth-to eighteenth-century counterparts. In addition, the few studies that do exist of the interest in medieval buildings and illustration of them, prior to the ‘age of mechanical reproduction’, have generally been restricted to monographs on individual antiquarians or else have focused on Enlightenment, Romantic and Positivist criticism, and have tended to concentrate on medieval revivalism. Furthermore, with the exception of a few studies on the perception of the Romanesque, the most frequently investigated category has been the Gothic. Hence, despite the existence of some crucial works, the perspectives adopted in research into Early Modern attitudes to medieval architecture have inevitably been limited. We still lack any comprehensive overview of the architecture of the Middle Ages as a whole (that is, including the Late Antique / Early Christian era), or any studies showing genuine interest in the late Renaissance and Baroque roots of subsequent antiquarian medievalism. This article, therefore, attempts to begin to fill such a lacuna by studying the architectural aspect of those pre-Enlightenment illustrations of medieval antiquities that appeared in continental Europe, and by considering scholars’ awareness of the entire medieval millennium.
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CULEDDU, Maria Paola. „The Evolution of the Ancient Way of the Warrior: From the Ancient Chronicles to the Tokugawa Period“. Asian Studies 6, Nr. 2 (29.06.2018): 87–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2018.6.2.87-109.
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The term bushidō is widespread today and involves history, philosophy, literature, sociology and religion. It is commonly believed to be rooted in the ancient “way” of the bushi or samurai, the Japanese warriors who led the country until modern times. However, even in the past the bushi were seldom represented accurately. Mostly, they were depicted as the authors thought they should be, to fulfil a certain role in society and on the political scene.By taking into account some ancient and pre-modern writings, from the 8th to the 19th centuries, from the ancient chronicles of Japan, war tales, official laws, letters, to martial arts manuals and philosophical essays, and by highlighting some of the bushidō values, this article attempts to answer the questions how and why the representation of the bushi changed from the rise of the warrior class to the end of the military government in the 19th century.
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O'Hanlon, Rosalind. „Military Sports and the History of the Martial Body in India“. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 50, Nr. 4 (2007): 490–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852007783245133.
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AbstractCultivation of the bodily skills required in cavalry warfare was a prominent theme in India's pre-colonial societies. Demand for these expertises enabled fighting specialists to develop an India-wide network of patronage and employment. Wrestling and its associated exercises became the indispensable accompaniment to military preparation in the early modern period. Appreciation of the wide social diffusion of these expertises also allows for a better understanding of colonial demilitarization, the displacement of important cultures of the body, as well as the loss of mobility and honorable employment. La formation aux arts de la guerre montée fut une caractéristique dominante important dans les sociétés précoloniales de l'Inde. Grâce à la demande de ces techniques de combat leurs spécialistes surent se créer un réseau de patronage et d'emploi à travers l'Inde. Pendant la période prémoderne les préparatifs de guerre exigèrent toujours l'apprentissage de la lutte à mains nues et des arts de combat associés. En se rendant compte de l'ampleur de la diffusion des ces arts martiaux à travers la société on comprend mieux que la démilitarisation coloniale emmena la déchéance des arts martiaux, ainsi que la perte de mobilité des lutteurs et la possibilité de trouver un emploi honorable.
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Puljić, Borislav. „Urbanization Models of Mostar in the Period of Austro-Hungarian Rule“. Prostor 29, Nr. 1 (61) (30.06.2021): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31522/p.29.1(61).1.
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In the period of Austro-Hungarian occupation between 1878 and 1918, the City of Mostar had a process of intensive urbanization. In that period, newly arrived engineers (surveyors) transformed the pre-existing Eastern – Ottoman qasaba (provincial town) into a Central European city. This paper revealed four models of urbanization they used in planning. The first model was developed within the existing physical structure of the city through the first regulatory plan. The second model forms the new urban centre using the empty space within the old town. The third and the fourth models expand the city over the river. While the third model forms orthogonal urban blocks, the fourth is a construction of free-standing villas within the Neo-Baroque Square in which six radial streets inflow. The engineers who worked on the regulatory plans were also discovered and presented, as well as the legislative and legal framework within which all these processes took place.
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Baş, Kenan, und Esen Durmuş. „Pre-test the Effect of Teaching Social Studies Course through Performing Arts on the Students’ Academic Achievement and Permanence of their Knowledge“. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 7, Nr. 2 (30.04.2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.7n.2p.107.
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The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of social studies teaching through performing arts on the academic achievement and permanence of knowledge of performing arts and students. The participants of this research consisted of 250 6th grade students studying at five secondary schools located in different educational regions within boundaries of the central Elazığ Province (from Turkey) in the 2015 and 2016 spring term. The study was conducted on 5 experimental (n = 125) and 5 control (n = 125) groups randomly selected. A mixed method involving qualitative and quantitative methods were used. Academic achievement test and an interview consisting of open-ended questions were used. On quantitative dimension of the study, pretest-posttest control group quasi-experimental design was used. On qualitative dimension, students were interviewed. During the study, while social studies course teaching was carried out with the experimental groups through performing arts, in the control groups, teaching activities stipulated by the current syllabus were carried out. The application period of the study lasted for eight weeks in total with three hours of teaching weekly in both groups. The statistical program (SPSS, version 21) was used analyzing the quantitative data obtained from the study. The N-VIVO-9 program was used for the analysis of qualitative data. As a result of the study, it was found that social studies teaching activities performed through performing arts were more successful in increasing student achievement than the activities stipulated by the current syllabus. However, as a result of the interviews, the results regarding the positive and negative aspects of the teaching activities performed in the experimental groups were obtained. It was found that the data obtained concerning the qualitative dimension of the study supported the data obtained concerning the quantitative dimension.
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McClung de Tapia, Emily, Guillermo Acosta-Ochoa, Diana Martínez-Yrizar, Carmen Cristina Adriano-Morán, Jorge Cruz-Palma und Berenice Chaparro-Rueda. „EARLY–MIDDLE FORMATIVE PERIOD SUBSISTENCE IN THE TEOTIHUACAN VALLEY, MEXICO: PRE-HISPANIC PLANT REMAINS FROM ALTICA“. Ancient Mesoamerica 30, Nr. 2 (2019): 339–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536118000548.
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AbstractRecent excavations at the Early–Middle Formative period site of Altica in the southern piedmont of the Teotihuacan Valley, Mexico, provide evidence for early agriculture and plant use in a rural community in the northern Basin of Mexico. In the Basin of Mexico, settled agricultural communities were present in the southern sector of the region from at least 1200 cal b.c. Initial expansion into the semiarid northern sector of the Basin, however, appears to have taken place towards the end of the Early Formative, during the transition to the Middle Formative when agricultural economies based on maize cultivation became firmly established, setting the scene for increased population density and concomitant social complexity.Altica is currently the only community in the Teotihuacan Valley spanning this transitional period that has survived in the face of intensive changes in land use over the last three millennia. Macro- and microbotanical evidence recovered from radiocarbon-dated excavated contexts at Altica provide evidence for maize cultivation and suggest a subsistence economy in transition, prior to the establishment of intensive dependence upon a broader range of domesticated and cultivated plants.
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Šencaj, Barbara, Ivana Barać, Mirela Karšić, Ružica Lovrić, Vesna Bilić-Kirin, Mirjana Grebenar Čerkez, Vedrana Lanc Čurdinjaković und Jelena Kovačević. „Mental Health of Adolescents before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic“. Central European Journal of Paediatrics 19, Nr. 2 (21.12.2023): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5457/p2005-114.341.
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Objective − The objective of the research was to examine the mental health of Croatian high-school students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic with regard to gender, age, school, residence, family structure, and parents’ education.Materials and Methods − Total of 211 15-year-old first grade high-school students completed the YP-CORE questionnaire in the 2020, just before the lock-down enforced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, now being 17-year-olds, 3rd-grade high-school students filled out the YP-CORE questionnaire once again during the COVID-19 pandemic. Socio-demographic data were collected from the participants’ health charts.Results − The median YP-CORE score significantly increased from 7 in 2020 to 11 in 2022. A significant increase in psychological distress was determined, from 11% of adolescents in the pre-pandemic period to 23% of adolescents in the pandemic period. Significantly higher rates were reported by girls in both periods. Students from the School of Applied Arts and Design reported psychological distress significantly more often than students from the Electrical Engineering and Traffic School and the Grammar School before and during the pandemic. Family structure was significantly associated with YP-CORE scores only in the pre-pandemic period.Conclusion − The study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had negative impact on mental health of Croatian adolescents, with certain sociodemographic risk factors being associated with poorer mental health outcomes.
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Nolte-Yupari, Samantha T., und Joana Hyatt. „LOST IS FOUND“. Art/Research International: A Transdisciplinary Journal 5, Nr. 2 (01.10.2020): 376–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18432/ari29517.
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The tenure track is a contentious space in which pre-tenure faculty are asked to navigate the corporatization of the university, and uncertainty with regards to the expectations of success to achieve tenure. In this article, we frame the period of pre-tenure as a liminal space, not as a space of inadequacy but as a necessary shelter of respite. Living in a temporary autonomous zone, we find ourselves challenged to lose and find varying aspects of our professional identities as faculty. We use arts-based narratives in the form of micro-storymaking as well as Solnit’s (2005) discussion of what it means to be lost to locate and (re)frame our stories of navigating the tenure track. We argue that the liminal space of pre-tenure, in the context of the “slow” movement is a time of openings that prepare us to embrace and engage in passionate artistic practices as we enter mid-career.
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Kwiatkowski, Eugeniusz, und Agata Szymańska. „Sectoral changes of employment in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic: Are reallocation shock effects applicable?“ Economics and Business Review 8, Nr. 2 (2022): 113–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2022.2.7.
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The aim of this study is to analyse changes in employment and their determinants in twenty sectors of economic activity in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study focuses on the direct short-run employment effects. The changes in employment in the pandemic period (restricted to 2020q2–2021q2) with the changes in the pre-pandemic period (2015q1–2020q1) are compared. Statistics Poland and Eurostat are the sources of data. The analyses are based on quarterly and annual frequencies and cover the period from 2015q1 to 2021q2. Changes in employment are explained by the changes in gross value added, the differences in elasticities of employment with respect to the gross value added and the impact of the pandemic period. The results suggest that employment was affected by a reallocation shock—a decrease in employment that occurred in some sectors (e.g. arts, entertainment and recreation) was associated with an increase in other sectors (e.g. human health and social work activities).
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Ssegantebuka, Julius, Timothy Tebenkana, Ritah Edopu, Patrick Sserunjogi und John Bosco Kanuge. „Challences Facing Tutors in the Teaching of Visual Arts Education in National Teacher Colleges in Uganda“. Journal of Education and Learning 10, Nr. 4 (25.05.2021): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v10n4p51.
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The study examined the challenges faced by tutors in the teaching of the visual arts education (VAE) in national teachers’ colleges (NTCs) in Uganda. The study adopted a qualitative approach where tutors’ and pre-service visual arts teachers’ (PVATs) views about the challenges facing them in the teaching and learning in visual arts were expressed. Data were collected from two pur­posively selected NTCs, and ten tutors. Yet, the 48 second year PVATs who participated in this study, were randomly selected from the many who were available. The researchers used interviews, document reviews and focus group discussions to collect data. The findings show that the challenges facing tutors in the teaching of visual arts have a great impact on what PVATs learn. Some visual art disciplines have too much content to be covered within a short period of two years. There is a general lack of teaching resources, such as art materials, tools and equipment, textbooks, and inadequate teaching space. The researchers recommended the reduction of the content of some visual art disciplines to fit the available time; provide art materials, tools and equipment as well as adequate teaching space which would allow the use of more appropriate teaching methods which would avail tutors with the opportunity to perform to their expectations in visual arts teaching.
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Aranson, Max, Edvin Ozolin und Olga Tuponogova. „Correction of body weight and body composition in martial arts“. SCIENCE AND SPORT: current trends 7, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2019): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36028/2308-8826-2019-7-4-19-24.
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Aim of this paper is the analysis of the current issue of correction of body weight and body composition of wrestlers according to the literature. Research methods and organization. We carried out the review of the studies on the methods of correction (maintenance or change) of body weight and body composition, as well as the associated conservation of water balance in representatives of the Olympic martial arts. We reviewed the studies published in domestic and foreign scientific literature. Research results. It is a well-known fact that decrease in the caloric content of the diet goes together with an in- adequate and significant decrease in the intake of basic nutrients. Increased weight loss can cause pathological body changes and even death. This problem is especially significant for women's sports. The current practice of rapid weight reduction results in the loss of liquid; however, such methods are still popular, despite the actual evidence of their harmful effects on the body. Conclusion. Main methods of overcoming problems occurring during correction of body weight and body composition include regulation of competition rules, health control in a pre-competition period and training in sport activities.
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Scarre, Chris, und Judith Roberts. „The English Cemetery at Surat: Pre-Colonial Cultural Encounters in Western India“. Antiquaries Journal 85 (September 2005): 251–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500074400.
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During the seventeenth century East India Company merchants settled in several cities of western India under the control of the Mughal Empire. The most important of these was Surat in Gujarat, where an English cemetery of impressive brick and stucco tombs was established. The style and nature of these monuments provide an insight into the cultural interactions that took place between the English merchants and the local population, as well as indicating the political aspirations of the East India Company officials. A description of these tombs, the earliest dating to 1649, is followed by a discussion of the origins of the cemetery, the chronology of the tombs and the identity and status of the dead. It is shown how the adoption of Indo-Islamic architectural styles for the earliest tombs was modified during the eighteenth century by the increasing use of Western architectural features, in line with growing British political power in India during this period. Changing architectural styles are paralleled by the changing attitudes of British visitors to the tombs from the seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries.
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Cai, Celestine Grace Xueting, Nigel Wei-Han Lim, Vinh Anh Huynh, Aparna Ananthakrishnan, Saudamini Vishwanath Dabak, Borame Sue Lee Dickens, Dian Faradiba et al. „Economic Analysis of Border Control Policies during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Modelling Study to Inform Cross-Border Travel Policy between Singapore and Thailand“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, Nr. 5 (23.02.2023): 4011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054011.
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With countries progressing towards high COVID-19 vaccination rates, strategies for border reopening are required. This study focuses on Thailand and Singapore, two countries that share significant tourism visitation, to illustrate a framework for optimizing COVID-19 testing and quarantine policies for bilateral travel with a focus on economic recovery. The timeframe is the month of October 2021, when Thailand and Singapore were preparing to reopen borders for bilateral travel. This study was conducted to provide evidence for the border reopening policy decisions. Incremental net benefit (INB) compared to the pre-opening period was quantified through a willingness-to-travel model, a micro-simulation COVID-19 transmission model and an economic model accounting for medical and non-medical costs/benefits. Multiple testing and quarantine policies were examined, and Pareto optimal (PO) policies and the most influential components were identified. The highest possible INB for Thailand is US $125.94 million, under a PO policy with no quarantine but with antigen rapid tests (ARTs) pre-departure and upon arrival to enter both countries. The highest possible INB for Singapore is US $29.78 million, under another PO policy with no quarantine on both sides, no testing to enter Thailand, and ARTs pre-departure and upon arrival to enter Singapore. Tourism receipts and costs/profits of testing and quarantine have greater economic impacts than that from COVID-19 transmission. Provided healthcare systems have sufficient capacity, great economic benefits can be gained for both countries by relaxing border control measures.
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Zadeh, Marziyeh Basiri, Faranak Kabiri, Abdurahman Adisaputera und Muhammad Ridwan. „Thematic Review of the Royal Hunt on the Sassanid Silver Plates: Emphasizing the Roundabout of the King's Head“. Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 3, Nr. 4 (26.10.2020): 1704–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v3i4.1304.
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Metalworking is among the arts that have been considered for its unique features throughout history. Perhaps one of the most important reasons for using it a lot is its stamina and more durability than other materials. Another thing to consider about this is technology and the use of metals, which Iran has a valuable background in this regard. Lorestan bronze are a prominent example of this. One of the most important periods in the use of metals is the Sassanid era, during which the period of art also flourishes. Sassanid art can be considered an important part of Iran and even the world. This art period is a bridge between pre-Islamic and post-Islamic periods in Iran. During the Sassanid Empire in Iran, many silver dishes have been made in Iran, some of which has still been remained. Many of these containers are made of precious metals to symbolize strength and credibility. One of the most important drawings used in these containers is the picture of hunting and its role and related topics. Hunting in the pre-Islamic era was one of the best works and honors of the kings, because one more thing in Sassanid art is the attempt to show the holiness and authority of the kings of this era; which has been shown in the use of designs such as the roundabout of the king's head or magnifying the king's image. In this paper, by presenting examples of silver Plates that includes the role of hunting of kings, it has been tried to introduce and examine these cases.
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Tabuena, Almighty C. „A Pre-Experimental Research on the Implementation of Selected Class-room Assessment Techniques for Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health“. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research 2, Nr. 2 (11.02.2021): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.02.02.03.
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The primary objective of this study is to examine and identify the classroom assessment techniques (CATs) that might provide and help teachers through assessment and evaluation processes in Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health (MAPEH) using pre-experimental research through one-group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted at Jose Abad Santos High School in Manila, Philippines during the third grading period of the researcher’s practicum. The sample of the study consists of 20 students selected through the purposive sampling technique. Quantitative and quali-tative data analyses were employed. The instruments used in the study were a teacher made quiz, CATs sample assessment as the treatment, and the perception survey questionnaire (PSQ) regarding the CATs. The result revealed that there is a significant difference between the pre-evaluation and post-evaluation after the CATs implementation. In the post-evaluation, the mean score was significantly higher than the pre-evaluation, which indicates that the CATs improved the performance of students in MAPEH. On the other hand, as revealed in the PSQ, the students regarded the CATs positively. It shows, in this case, that CATs are a great alternative to traditional assessments. Other CATs to be developed and implemented for better learning and effective teaching are recommended.
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Pieńkowski, Michał. „„Znane” i nieznane produkcje przedwojennego polskiego kina. Halka Konstantego Meglickiego i Sportowiec mimo woli Mieczysława Krawicza“. Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication 20, Nr. 29 (15.03.2017): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/i.2017.29.23.
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There are many Polish films from the pre-war period that are not known to the public today. Most oft en they simply did not make it to modern times or only fragments are preserved, their condition too poor to allow utilization. One of such films is Halka, directed by Konstanty Meglicki in 1929, which due to digital restoration has returned to the screen in November 2016, after decades-long break. In recent years, however, it’s been discovered that even some seemingly well-known films should in fact be considered unknown. Due to the research conducted at the National Film Archives, new facts came to light, revealing lost film fragments or alternative versions. One such example is a film from 1939 called Sportowiec mimo woli, until now only known for its post-war American adaptation, turns out to be very different from the unknown original version. Polish pre-war cinema, which was often treated with some disdain, is now perceived in a very different light. And recent discoveries allow us to re-examine the achievements of the early period of Polish cinematography.