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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Article 1 du Protocole n° 12"
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Baltes, Paul B., Karl Ulrich Mayer, Hanfried Helmchen und Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen. „The Berlin Aging Study (BASE): Overview and Design“. Ageing and Society 13, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1993): 483–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00001343.
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ABSTRACTThis article, the introduction to a collection of six related articles, describes the general rationale and design of the Berlin Aging Study (BASE). The distinguishing features of BASE are: (1) a special focus on the very old (70–105 years), (2) broad inter-diciplinarity (medicine, psychiatry, psychology, sociology and economics), and (3) sample heterogeneity achieved by local (West Berlin) representativeness. In addition to discipline-specific topics, four theoretical orientations guide the study: (1) differential ageing, (2) continuity versus discontinuity of ageing, (3) range and limits of plasticity and reserve capacity, and (4) ageing as an inter-disciplinary and systemic phenomenon. To provide a foundation and framework for the remaining articles, this paper outlines the protocols, designs, and measurement procedures of fourteen data collection sessions. In addition, information is given on the samples used for empirical analysis. Two samples from the first wave of the Berlin Aging Study are addressed in this collection of articles. The first (N = 360), uses data from the BASE Intake Assessment Protocol (Session 1). The second (N = 156), employs data from the entire 14-session full protocol of BASE. Selectivity analyses involving 22 comparison variables are reported in this paper and demonstrate that, with the exception of 12-month mortality, these two samples displayed the intended sample heterogeneity. Those results suggest that data from BASE hold high generalizability.
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Kolaczko, Jensen G., Derrick M. Knapik und Michael J. Salata. „Peri-operative pain management in hip arthroscopy: a systematic review of the literature“. Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery 6, Nr. 4 (07.11.2019): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhps/hnz050.
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Abstract The purpose of this article was to review current literature on peri-operative pain management in hip arthroscopy. A systematic review of the literature on pain control in hip arthroscopy published January 2008 to December 2018 was performed. Inclusion criteria consisted of English language or articles with English translations, subjects undergoing hip arthroscopy with documented peri-operative pain control protocols in studies reporting Level I to IV evidence. Exclusion criteria were non-English articles, animal studies, prior systematic review or meta-analyses, studies not reporting peri-operative pain control protocols, studies documenting only pediatric (<18 years of age) patients, studies with Level V evidence and studies including less than five subjects. Statistical analysis was performed to assess pain protocols on narcotic consumption in PACU, VAS score on discharge, time to discharge from PACU and incidence of complications. Seventeen studies were included, comprising 1674 patients. Nerve blocks were administered in 50% of patients (n = 838 of 1674), of which 88% (n = 740 of 838) received a pre-operative block while 12% (n = 98 of 838) post-operative block. Sixty-eight complications were recorded: falls (54%, n = 37), peripheral neuritis (41%, n = 28), seizure (1.5%, n = 1), oxygen desaturation and nausea (1.5%, n = 1) and epidural spread resulting in urinary retention (1.5%, n = 1). No significant differences in narcotic consumption, VAS score at discharge, time until discharge or incidence of complication was found based on pain control modality utilized. No statistically significant difference in PACU narcotic utilization, VAS pain scores at discharge, time to discharge or incidence of complications was found between peri-operative pain regimens in hip arthroscopy.
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Moretti, Jean-Baptiste, Amélia Drouin, Caroline Truong, Elizabeth Youn, Anik Cloutier, Fernando Alvarez, Massimiliano Paganelli et al. „Effects of polyphenol supplementation on hepatic steatosis, intima-media thickness and non-invasive vascular elastography in obese adolescents: a pilot study protocol“. BMJ Open 14, Nr. 1 (Januar 2024): e074882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074882.
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IntroductionNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly prevalent in obese adolescents. Increased systemic inflammation and decreased gut microbial diversity linked to obesity affect the liver and are also associated with cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. However, NAFLD and vascular alterations are reversible.Methods and analysisThis pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a prospective open-label randomised controlled trial evaluating the effects of polyphenols on NAFLD and vascular parameters in obese adolescents. Children aged 12–18 years with hepatic steatosis (n=60) will be recruited. The participants will be randomised with a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive polyphenol supplementation one time per day for 8 weeks along with the clinician-prescribed treatment (group B, n=30) or to continue the prescribed treatment without taking any polyphenols (group A, n=30). The outcome measures will be collected from both the groups at day 1 before starting polyphenol supplementation, at day 60 after 8 weeks of supplementation and at day 120, that is, 60 days after supplementation. The changes in hepatic steatosis and vascular parameters will be measured using liver and vascular imaging. Furthermore, anthropometric measures, blood tests and stool samples for gut microbiome analysis will be collected. After evaluating the study’s feasibility, we hypothesise that, as a secondary outcome, compared with group A, the adolescents in group B will have improved NAFLD, vascular parameters, systemic inflammation and gut microbiome.Ethics and disseminationThis study is approved by Health Canada and the hospital ethics. Participants and their parents/tutors will both provide consent. Trial results will be communicated to the collaborating gastroenterologists who follow the enrolled participants. Abstracts and scientific articles will be submitted to high-impact radiological societies and journals. ClinicalTrials.gov ID:NCT03994029. Health Canada authorisation referral number: 250 811. Protocole version 13, 2 June 2023.Trial registration numberNCT03994029.
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Botta, Sergio Brossi, Adriana Bona Matos, Bruna Uglik Garbui und Andre Figueiredo Reis. „Comparison of Chemical Aging and Water Immersion Time on Durability of Resin-Dentin Interface produced by an Etch-and-Rinse Adhesive“. Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, Nr. 4 (2012): 464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1170.
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ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the influence of short-term NaOCl-storage and long-term water storage on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of etch-andrinse adhesive system to human dentin. Materials and methods Thirty-six third human molars were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 6) according to the aging protocol: G1 (water, 24 hours); G2 (water, 6 months); G3 (water, 12 months); G4 (10% sodium hypochlorite – NaOCl, 1 hour); G5 (10% NaOCl, 3 hours) and G6 (10% NaOCl, 5 hours). A two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive (Adper Single Bond 2) was applied according to the manufacturers¡¦ instructions. A composite (Filtek Z250) was applied in four horizontal increments and was individually cured. Specimens were cut following the microtensile test technique, submitted to the different aging protocols, and tested in tension. The fracture pattern was observed in a stereomicroscope (40× magnification) and in a scanning electron microscope. The μTBS data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results The effect of storage in 10% NaOCl for 1 or 3 hours was not significantly different from that of aging in distilled water (DW) for 6 or 12 months (p > 0.05). Beams immersed in DW for 24 hours and in 10% NaOCl for 5 hours showed the highest and lowest ìTBS values respectively. Conclusion The aging protocols negatively influenced dentin bond strength. Aging specimens in 10% NaOCl for 1 or 3 hours can be an alternative method for long-term water storage (6 or 12 months) bond strength studies. Clinical significance This aging protocol allows a quick achievement of longitudinal bond strength data, so that results are available to the professionals in this area while the materials are yet present at the dental market. How to cite this article Garbui BU, Botta SB, Reis AF, Matos AB. Comparison of Chemical Aging and Water Immersion Time on Durability of Resin-Dentin Interface produced by an Etchand- Rinse Adhesive. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):464-471.
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Torres, Carlos Rocha Gomes, Eduardo Bresciani, César R. Pucci, Natália R. Barbosa, Karen CK Yui, Maria Filomena RL Huhtala und Daphne C. Barcellos. „Influence of Dentin Deproteinization on Bonding Degradation: 1-year Results“. Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 17, Nr. 12 (2016): 985–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1968.
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ABSTRACT Introduction The decalcification protocol of dentin surface with sodium hypochlorite removes the exposed collagen fibrils and could improve the longevity of the bonding interface. This study evaluated the influence of collagen removal with 10% sodium hypochlorite (10% NaOCl) on the longitudinal shear bond strength (SBS) of adhesives to dentin. Materials and methods Seventy-two extracted human molars were sectioned and the buccal and lingual surfaces were flattened and acid etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds. The specimens were divided into six groups (n = 12 teeth – 24 sections), according to adhesive and collagen removal protocol: group 1: UNO Dentastic; group 2: Prime and Bond NT; group 3: Single Bond; group 4: 10% NaOCl + UNO Dentastic; group 5: 10% NaOCl + Prime and Bond NT; group 6: 10% NaOCl + Single Bond. Composite Z100 buildup was prepared, and the SBS test was assessed after 24 hours and 1 year. Data were submitted to three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests (p < 0.05). Results The mean values (MPa) were for 24 hours: G1: 22.45B; G2: 7.90DE; G3: 12.56CD; G4: 19.85BC; G5: 33.73A; G6: 20.77B; and for 1 year: G1: 2.43E; G2: 2.26E; G3: 4.3DE; G4: 18.79BC; G5: 26.49AB; G6: 22.73B. Conclusion Dentin deproteinization treatment with 10% NaOCI influenced the SBS compared with conventional treatment. The negative influence on SBS detected for conventional groups at 1-year interval was not detected for deproteinized groups. Clinical relevance The longevity of hybrid layer is critical due to the hydrolysis process at the adhesive interface over time. The use of 10% NaOCl deproteinization protocol might improve the longevity of bonding in adhesive restorations. How to cite this article Pucci CR, Barbosa NR, Bresciani E, Yui KCK, Huhtala MFRL, Barcellos DC, Torres CRG. Influence of Dentin Deproteinization on Bonding Degradation: 1-year Results. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):985-989.
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Enu, Kirk B., Aude Zingraff-Hamed, Mohammad A. Rahman, Lindsay C. Stringer und Stephan Pauleit. „Review article: Potential of nature-based solutions to mitigate hydro-meteorological risks in sub-Saharan Africa“. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 23, Nr. 2 (03.02.2023): 481–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-481-2023.
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Abstract. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is the region most vulnerable to climate change and related hydro-meteorological risks. These risks are exacerbated in rapidly expanding urban areas due to the loss and degradation of green and blue spaces with their regulating ecosystem services. The potential of nature-based solutions (NBSs) to mitigate hydro-meteorological risks such as floods is increasingly recognised in Europe. However, its application in urban areas of SSA still needs to be systematically explored to inform and promote its uptake in this region. We conducted a multidisciplinary systematic review following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol to establish the general patterns in the literature on NBSs and hydro-meteorological risk mitigation in SSA. We searched scientific journal databases, websites of 12 key institutions and 11 NBS databases and identified 45 papers for analysis. We found at least 1 reported NBS in 71 % of urban areas of SSA across 83 locations. Of the papers, 62 % were clustered in South Africa, Kenya, Tanzania and Nigeria only, while the most studied cities were Dar es Salaam and Kampala. Moreover, 66 NBS practices were identified, most of which (n=44) were for flood mitigation. With only Mozambique (n=2) among the most at-risk countries reporting NBSs, we found that NBSs are implemented where risks occur but not where they are most severe. Mangrove restoration (n=10) and wetland restoration (n=7), reforestation (n=10) and urban forests (n=8), and agroforestry (n=3) and conservation agriculture (n=2) were the most common NBS practices identified for floods, extreme-heat and drought mitigation, respectively. Traditional practices that fit the definition of NBSs, such as grass strips and stone bunds, and practices that are more popular in the Global North, such as green roofs and green façades, were also identified. These NBSs also provided ecosystem services, including 15 regulatory, 5 provisioning and 4 cultural ecosystem services, while 4 out of every 5 NBSs created livelihood opportunities. We conclude that the reported uptake of NBSs for hydro-meteorological risks in SSA is low. However, there could be more NBSs, especially at the local level, that are unreported. NBSs can help SSA address major development challenges such as water and food insecurity and unemployment and help the sub-region progress towards climate-resilient development. Therefore, we recommend that NBSs be mainstreamed into urban planning and knowledge exchange opportunities between SSA and Europe and that other regions be explored to promote uptake.
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Saeed, Ayesha, Catharine S. Bradley, Yashvi Verma und Simon P. Kelley. „Resolving residual acetabular dysplasia following successful brace treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants“. Bone & Joint Journal 106-B, Nr. 7 (01.07.2024): 744–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.106b7.bjj-2023-1169.r1.
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AimsRadiological residual acetabular dysplasia (RAD) has been reported in up to 30% of children who had successful brace treatment of infant developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Predicting those who will resolve and those who may need corrective surgery is important to optimize follow-up protocols. In this study we have aimed to identify the prevalence and predictors of RAD at two years and five years post-bracing.MethodsThis was a single-centre, prospective longitudinal cohort study of infants with DDH managed using a published, standardized Pavlik harness protocol between January 2012 and December 2016. RAD was measured at two years’ mean follow-up using acetabular index-lateral edge (AI-L) and acetabular index-sourcil (AI-S), and at five years using AI-L, AI-S, centre-edge angle (CEA), and acetabular depth ratio (ADR). Each hip was classified based on published normative values for normal, borderline (1 to 2 standard deviations (SDs)), or dysplastic (> 2 SDs) based on sex, age, and laterality.ResultsOf 202 infants who completed the protocol, 181 (90%) had two and five years’ follow-up radiographs. At two years, in 304 initially pathological hips, the prevalence of RAD (dysplastic) was 10% and RAD (borderline) was 30%. At five years, RAD (dysplastic) decreased to 1% to 3% and RAD (borderline) decreased to < 1% to 2%. On logistic regression, no variables were predictive of RAD at two years. Only AI-L at two years was predictive of RAD at five years (p < 0.001). If both hips were normal at two years’ follow-up (n = 96), all remained normal at five years. In those with bilateral borderline hips at two years (n = 21), only two were borderline at five years, none were dysplastic. In those with either borderline-dysplastic or bilateral dysplasia at two years (n = 26), three (12%) were dysplastic at five years.ConclusionThe majority of patients with RAD at two years post-brace treatment, spontaneously resolved by five years. Therefore, children with normal radiographs at two years post-brace treatment can be discharged. Targeted follow-up for those with abnormal AI-L at two years will identify the few who may benefit from surgical correction at five years’ follow-up.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(7):744–750.
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Kalinina, I. I., D. A. Venyov, Yu V. Olshanskaya, M. N. Sadovskaya, O. V. Goronkova, T. Yu Salimova, U. N. Petrova et al. „The outcomes of children with acute myeloid leukemia treated in accordance with the AML–MM-2006 protocol“. Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology 21, Nr. 1 (27.03.2022): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2022-21-1-20-35.
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Over the past years, the outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have significantly improved due to the use of intensive chemotherapy, more effective supportive therapy, and the availability of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This article presents the outcomes of children with AML treated in accordance with the AML-MM-2006 protocol. Our study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. The study included 233 patients with a median age of 6.5 years (7 days – 18 years) who were stratified into the following risk groups: standard risk, intermediate risk, and high risk. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 0.64 ± 0,14, 0.49 ± 0.05, and 0.43 ± 0.05 for standard-risk (n = 12), intermediate-risk (n = 106), and high-risk (n = 115) patients, respectively (p = 0.14), while the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 1.0 year, 0.7 ± 0.05 and 0.55 ± 0.05, respectively (p = 0.001). The OS in the entire cohort was 0.68 ± 0.032. Factors associated with poor prognosis included hyperleukocytosis, the presence of extramedullary lesions, and age < 1 year. The overall survival rates in these patient groups were 0.55 ± 0.08, 0.39 ± 0.09 and 0.49 ± 0.08, respectively. The worst prognosis was for patients with monosomy 7 and t(7;12) whose OS rates were 0.25 ± 0.2 and 0.4 ± 0.2, respectively. For non-responders and patients with relapsed AML, the OS was 0.33 ± 0.08 and 0.54 ± 0.06, respectively. Early death (before remission could be achieved) occurred in 4% of patients, and 3.8% of patients died in first remission. Sixtytwo percent of deceased patients died of disease progression. In the entire cohort of patients, the five-year EFS was 0.53 ± 0.047, the cumulative risk of relapse after 3 years of remission was 40%, the confidence interval was 23–89%.
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Teasell, Robert W., J. Andrew McClure, David Walton, Jason Pretty, Katherine Salter, Matthew Meyer, Keith Sequeira und Barry Death. „A Research Synthesis of Therapeutic Interventions for Whiplash-Associated Disorder: Part 1 – Overview and Summary“. Pain Research and Management 15, Nr. 5 (2010): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/106593.
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Whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) represents a significant public health problem, resulting in a substantial socioeconomic burden throughout the industrialized world, wherever costs are documented. While many treatments have been advocated for patients with WAD, scientific evidence of their effectiveness is often lacking. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the strength of evidence supporting various WAD therapies. Multiple databases (including Web of Science, EMBASE and PubMed) were searched to identify all studies published from January 1980 through March 2009 that evaluated the effectiveness of any clearly defined treatment for acute (less than two weeks), subacute (two to 12 weeks) or chronic (longer than 12 weeks) WAD. The present article, the first in a five-part series, provides an overview of the review methodology as well as a summary and discussion of the review’s main findings. Eighty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, 40 of which were randomized controlled trials. The majority of studies (n=47) evaluated treatments initiated in the chronic stage of the disorder, while 23 evaluated treatments for acute WAD and 13 assessed therapies for subacute WAD. Exercise and mobilization programs for acute and chronic WAD had the strongest supporting evidence, although many questions remain regarding the relative effectiveness of various protocols. At present, there is insufficient evidence to support any treatment for subacute WAD. For patients with chronic WAD who do not respond to conventional treatments, it appears that radiofrequency neurotomy may be the most effective treatment option. The present review found a relatively weak but growing research base on which one could make recommendations for patients at any stage of the WAD continuum. Further research is needed to determine which treatments are most effective at reducing the disabling symptoms associated with WAD.
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Verhoeven, Els, Said Abdellati, Patrick Nys, Jolein Laumen, Irith De Baetselier, Tania Crucitti und Chris Kenyon. „Construction and optimization of a ‘NG Morbidostat’ - An automated continuous-culture device for studying the pathways towards antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae“. F1000Research 8 (26.04.2019): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.18861.1.
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To obtain a detailed picture of the dynamics of antibiotic resistance development in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, we built a morbidostat according to the protocol of Toprak et al., adjusted to the specific characteristics required for the growth of N. gonorrhoeae. In this article we describe the adaptations, specifications and the difficulties we encountered during the construction and optimization of the NG morbidostat. As a proof of concept, we conducted a morbidostat experiment by increasing concentrations of azithromycin in response to bacterial growth. We started the experiment with two N. gonorrhoeae reference strains WHO-F and WHO-X. These strains were grown in 12 mL GC Broth supplemented with IsoVitaleX™ (1%) and vancomycin, colistin, nystatin, trimethoprim (VCNT) selective supplement for 30 days in a 6% CO2 environment at 36°C. Samples of the cultures were taken 2-3 times a week and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of azithromycin were determined using E-test. The initial MICs of WHO-F and WHO-X were 0.125 µg/mL and 0.25 µg/mL, respectively. In less than 30 days, we were able to induce high level azithromycin resistance in N. gonorrhoeae, with a 750 and 1000 fold increase in MIC for WHO-F and WHO-X, respectively.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Article 1 du Protocole n° 12"
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Önder, Beril. „The European court of human rights and gender equality : exploring the potential of article 14 ECHR and protocol no. 12 article 1 for achieving substantive equality“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAA002.
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Cette thèse analyse le traitement donné par la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme aux recours qui invoquent une discrimination fondée sur le sexe sous les articles de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme qui interdisent les discriminations (art. 14 et art. 1 du Protocole n° 12). Elle pose la question de la contribution de la Cour à la réalisation de l’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes dans une perspective d’égalité substantielle, en analysant la jurisprudence au regard des bonnes pratiques dégagées par le droit international des droits de l’homme.Elle met en évidence l’évolution, dans les dernières années, de cette jurisprudence dans le sens d’une plus grande attention aux enjeux de l’égalité réelle entre les hommes et les femmes, et les améliorations qui sont encore attendues d’elle dans cette perspectiveThis thesis carries out a critical analysis of the sex-discrimination case law (Article 14 ECHR and Protocol No. 12 Article 1) of the ECtHR from a substantive equality perspective and in light of relevant best practices of international human rights law.This research reveals that the Court’s case law under Article 14 and Protocol 12 Article 1 has adopted a more substantive interpretation of gender equality in recent years, although it still has some important shortcomings and inconsistencies. In light of the criticism from legal scholars and in light of the developments in international human rights law the Court could still develop its case law and address its own shortcomings to contribute more to substantive equality between men and women
Buchteile zum Thema "Article 1 du Protocole n° 12"
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Arner, Douglas W., Jànos Barberis und Ross P. Buckley. „RegTech: Building a Better Financial System 1 1This chapter is derived from a much longer article: Douglas W. Arner, Janos N. Barberis & Ross Buckley, “FinTech, RegTech and the Reconceptualization of Financial Regulation”, 47 Northwestern Journal of International Law and Business (2017).The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Hong Kong Research Grants Council Theme-based Research Scheme (Enhancing Hong Kong's Future as a Leading International Financial Centre) and the Australian Research Council Linkage Grant Scheme (Regulating a Revolution: A New Regulatory Model for Digital Finance); the substantial input of Dr Cheng-Yun Tsang, and the research assistance of Sarah Webster and Jessica Chapman.“ In Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, Volume 1, 359–73. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-810441-5.00016-6.
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Ling, Roger, Paul Arthur, Georgia Clarke, Estelle Lazer, Lesley A. Ling, Peter Rush und Andrew Waters. „Introduction“. In The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii: Volume 1: The Structures. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198134091.003.0014.
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Each house will now be reviewed separately, as an independent living unit of the last period. This entails, first, giving a brief description (for fuller details of the structural techniques, features, and measurements, reference can be made to the gazetteer, Appendix A). Attention will be paid to the internal functioning of the house, in so far as this can be determined from formal features (Wallace-Hadrill in his article on the social structure of the Roman house makes it clear how flexible the functioning of the house must have been in practice and how difficult it is to reach firm conclusions), to the evidence for the existence and arrangement of upper storeys, to the disposition of the roofs, and to what we know about owners or occupiers and their activities. As stated in the Introduction, further approaches to some of these questions, notably regarding room functions and the occupations of owners, will emerge from the studies of decorations and finds in Volumes II and III. Many questions will, inevitably remain unanswered. Without full excavation of cisterns and drains, for example, it is impossible to be certain about all details of water provision and disposal. The roof reconstructions, in particular, have to remain hypothetical. Although some of the restoration undertaken at the time of excavation is clearly based upon evidence visible to the excavators, it is probable that other parts were restored in a more arbitrary fashion (see p. 12 n. 13). In any case, the bulk of the insula was not reroofed at all, and much of the potential evidence, even if it was available in 1927-32, is now irrevocably lost. The reconstructions proposed, which are gathered together in visual form in Figs. 55-8, exploit such clues as still remain, but are otherwise based on such doubtful criteria as ‘probability and logic’. But the insula, as we shall see, is a palimpsest of frequent piecemeal changes, and it would be unreasonable to expect that the roof arrangements represent anything other than a series of constant compromises producing solutions which are neither ‘probable’ nor logical’.
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Bhatt, Chhaya, und Manish Rai. „Colorimetric Determination of Pyraclostrobin Fungicide Using P-amino-sulphonic Acid Coupling Reagent in Agricultural Soil/Environmental Samples by Spectrophotometric Analysis“. In Advances in Colorimetry [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.111833.
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A simple and sensitive method for the determination of pyraclostrobin, a widely used fungicide, is described here which is based on diazotization and coupling with 4- aminosulphonic acid in alkaline medium. The reaction mechanism is based on the pre-equilibrium formation of amine and diazonium salt followed by a rate-limiting attack of the diazonium ion at an N-atom (N-coupling) to appear the corresponding red colored azo complex. The λmax, molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity related to the UV-Visible absorption spectrometry were found λmax = 600 nm, 2.7 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 and 1.01 × 10−5 μg cm−2, respectively. Some of the important parameters like linearity range, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), correlation coefficient (R2) and recovery% were calculated 3 to 12 μgmL−1, 1.01 μgmL−1, 3.08 μgmL−1, 0.984 and 93.5–99.3%, respectively for the determination of organochlorine like pyraclostrobin using coupling reagent. The advantages of the present method are its simplicity, high selectivity and cost effective. In this article, the method has been validated by applying it to samples from different environmental conditions.
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Montemurro, Marcelo A. „A Generalization of the Zipf-Mandelbrot Law in Linguistics“. In Nonextensive Entropy. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195159769.003.0025.
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Human language evolved by natural mechanisms into an efficient system capable of coding and transmitting highly structured information [12, 13, 14]. As a remarkable complex system it allows many levels of description across its organizational hierarchy [1, 11, 18]. In this context statistical analysis stands as a valuable tool in order to reveal robust structural patterns that may have resulted from its long evolutionary history. In this chapter we shall address the statistical regularities of human language at its most basic level of description, namely the rank-frequency distribution of words. Around 1932 the philologist George Zipf [6, 19, 20] noted the manifestation of several robust power-law distributions arising in different realms of human activity. Among them, the most striking was undoubtedly the one referring to the distribution of words frequencies in human languages. The best way to introduce Zipf's law for words is by means of a concrete example. Let us take a literary work, say, James Joyce's Ulysses, and perform some basic statistics on it, whic simply consists in counting all the words present in the text and noting how many occurrences each distinct word form has. For this particular text we should arrive at the following numbers: the total number of words N = 268,112, and the number of different word forms V = 28,838. We can now order the list of different words according to decreasing number of occurrences, and we can assign to each word a rank index s equal to its position in the list starting from the most frequent word. Some general features of the rank-ordered list of words can be mentioned at this point. First, the top-rank words are functional components of language devoid of direct meaning, such as the article the and prepositions, for instance. A few ranks down the list, words more related to the contents of the text start to appear.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Article 1 du Protocole n° 12"
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Desoutter, A., A. G. Bodard, S. Langonnet, S. Salino und J. C. Bera. „Développement d’un modèle expérimental d’irradiation de mandibule de lapin. Intérêt dans l’évaluation de nouvelles techniques de traitement ou prévention de l’ORN“. In 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206603023.
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La radiothérapie (RTE) constitue une thérapeutique majeure dans la prise en charge des cancers ORL. Elle entraîne une altération cellulaire, matricielle et vasculaire des tissus. Au niveau du tissu osseux, cela aboutit à un déséquilibre entre apposition et résorption osseuses, avec pour conséquence un risque d’ostéoradionécrose (ORN)1. Le traitement de l’ORN peut être médical ou chirurgical. Il peut alors comporter des chirurgies lourdes (interruption mandibulaire ), avec des conséquences dramatiques sur les fonctions oro-faciales2. Il apparaît donc nécessaire de développer des techniques préventives et thérapeutiques plus efficaces et moins mutilantes, afin d’améliorer la qualité de vie de ces patients. L’objectif de l’étude est de mettre au point un modèle animal (lapin), permettant de simuler une perte de substance osseuse alvéolaire sur une mandibule irradiée, afin d’évaluer la cicatrisation osseuse après extraction dentaire en territoire irradié, et d’évaluer les effets des ultras sons de faible intensité (LIPUS) dans la prévention ou le traitement de l’ORN. L’étude a été approuvée par le comité d’éthique pour l’expérimentation animale du Centre Léon Bérard (n° d’agrément 69.388.0501). Le modèle animal retenu est le lapin femelle adulte (race New-Zealand White). La première partie de l’étude consiste à confirmer le schéma de radiothérapie. 30 lapins sont inclus ; 10 sont témoins, et 20 sont irradiés selon les modalités suivantes : 8.5 Gy par séance, 5 séances, 1 séance par semaine. A la fin de la radiothérapie, un défaut osseux mandibulaire simulant une extraction dentaire est réalisé. Les animaux sont ensuite sacrifiés à J0, J7, J14, J28, J42. L’évaluation de la reconstruction osseuse au niveau du site d’extraction se fait grâce à des analyses histologiques, la réalisation d’un microscanner et des tests de microdureté. Ensuite, un protocole d’insonification est développé. Après réalisation du défaut osseux chez 12 lapins, 10 mandibules de lapins (2 lapins contrôles) sont insonifiées selon le protocole suivant : fréquence = 1,05MHz, tension = 77mV, 2ms on/8ms off, Intensité acoustique = 300mW/cm. Les sacrifices et l’évaluation de la reconstruction osseuse sont réalisés selon les mêmes modalités que précédemment. Enfin, les LIPUS sont étudiés sur des mandibules de lapins irradiés : 20 lapins sont irradiés puis bénéficient de la création du défaut osseux. 10 recoivent les LIPUS comme précédemment (10 lapins contrôles). Les sacrifices et les analyses histologiques, radiologiques et micro-mécaniques sont réalisés comme précédemment. Une étude de faisabilité est actuellement en cours, afin de déterminer les modalités de création du défaut osseux, et de préciser les paramètres d’évaluation. Différentes études ont montré que les LIPUS stimulaient le tissu osseux en stimulant la différenciation ostéoblastique3. Une utilisation dans le traitement des ORN semble donc envisageable, ce qui permettrait de diminuer les mutilations oro-faciales liées aux chirurgies réalisées actuellement.
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Mawid, M. A., T. W. Park, B. Sekar und C. A. Arana. „Development of Detailed Chemical Kinetic Mechanisms for Ignition/Oxidation of JP-8/Jet-A/JP-7 Fuels“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38932.
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Progress on development and validation of detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms for the U.S. Air Force JP-8 and JP-7 fuels [1] is reported in this article. Two JP-8 surrogate fuel blends were considered. The first JP-8 surrogate blend contained 12 pure hydrocarbon components, which were 15% n-C10H22, 20% n-C12H26, 15% n-C14H30, 10% n-C16H34, 5% i-C8H18, 5% C7H14, 5% C8H16, 5% C8H10, 5% C10H14, 5% C9H12, 5% C10H12 and 5% C11H10 by weight. The second JP-8 surrogate blend contained 4 components, which were 45% n-C12H26, 20% n-C10H22, 25% C10H14, and 10% C7H14 by weight. A five-component surrogate blend for JP-7 was also considered. The JP-7 surrogate blend components were 30% n-C10H22, 30% n-C12H26, 30% C10H20, 5% i-C8H18, and 5% C7H8 by weight. The current status of the JP-8 and JP-7 mechanisms is that they consist of 221 species and 1483 reactions and 205 species and 1438 reactions respectively. Both JP-8 and JP-7 mechanisms were evaluated using a lean fuel-air mixture, over a temperature range of 900–1050 K and for atmospheric pressure conditions by predicting autoignition delay times and comparing them to the available experimental data for Jet-A fuel. The comparisons demonstrated the ability of the 12-component JP-8 surrogate fuel blend to predict the autoignition delay times over a wider range of temperatures than the 4-component JP-8 surrogate fuel blend. The 5-component JP-7 surrogate blend predicted autoignition delay times lower than those of JP-8 blends and Jet-A fuel. The JP-8 and JP-7 mechanisms predictions, however, showed less agreement with the measurements towards the lower end of the temperature range (i.e., less than 900 K). Therefore, low temperature oxidation reactions and the sensitivities of the autoignition delays to reaction rate constants are still needed.
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Krivko, Roman. „NEW DATA ON THE HISTORY OF THE OLD BULGARIAN LANGUAGE IN THE EPIGRAPHIC WRITING OF THE FIRST BULGARIAN KINGDOM“. In THE PATH OF CYRIL AND METHODIUS – SPATIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORICAL DIMENSIONS. Cyrillo-Methodian Research Centre – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59076/2815-3855.2023.33.04.
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The article describes several rare linguistic phenomena observed in earliest Old Bulgarian inscriptions: (1) the sign for palatal consonants in the Temnić inscription which testifies to palatal accomodation of the liquid consonant l to the preceding velar k, (2) in the Bitola inscription, different rools of the use of letters for jers showing the work of two different scribes, (3) ending -i in a compound numeral дъва на десѧти ‘12’ otherwise known only in two manuscripts of the 11th c., (4) the construction въ + acc of nomen abstractum in the sence of a mode of action, and, in the Krepča inscription n° 2, (5) accusative form лѣⷮ<о> ‘year’ indicating a specific point in the past (the form lěto ‘year’ with the same function occurs in a few eastern Slavic sources of younger date).
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Iborra Pallarés, Vicente, und Francisco Zaragoza Saura. „Altea Urban Project: An academic approach to the transformation of a coastal Spanish touristic city based on the improvement of the public space“. In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5990.
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Vicente Iborra Pallarés¹, Francisco Zaragoza Saura2 ¹Building Sciences and Urbanism Department. University of Alicante. Alicante. Politécnica IV, módulo III, 1ª planta. Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n. 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig ²Concejalía de Urbanismo, Ayuntamiento de Altea. Plaza José María Planelles, 1. 03590 Altea E-mail: vicente.iborra@ua.es, zaragozasaura@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Public space, historical urban evolution, tourism phenomena, urbanistic project, educational experience Conference topics and scale: City transformations The town of Altea (Alicante, Spain) has an important urban center that has historically been characterized by two contrasting situations: on one hand, the settlements located on the seaside elevations (Bellaguarda and the Renaissance Bastion) linked to the agricultural uses of the fertile valleys of the rivers Algar and els Arcs, and on the other hand the coastal developments, originally fishery, but nowadays with touristic uses on the maritime front. All these elements configure an urban nucleus that, due to its urban, architectural and landscape qualities, gives rise to one of the main tourist attractions of the region. However, the area described nowadays presents an important problem related to the use and habitability of public space, which is invaded by the presence of the private vehicle, even along the seaside, due to its touristic relevance. This article presents the results of an academic experience developed to study different possibilities of urban transformations for the municipality of Altea, taking as a project site the urban vacuum still conserved between the two situations previously described: the historical areas on the coastal elevations (Dalt) and new urban developments parallel to the seaside (Baix). This academic activity, performed by nearly 50 students from the University of Alicante, was developed in the context of the design course Urbanism 5 during the academic year 2015-16, thanks to the agreement signed between the Municipality of Altea and the University of Alicante. References (100 words) Busquets, J. and Correa, F. (2006) Cities X lines: a new lens for the Urbanistic Project (Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge). Europan Europe (2016) Project and processes (http://www.europan-europe.eu/en/project-and-processes/) accessed January-May 2016. Fernández Per, A. and Mozas, J. (2010) Strategy public (a+t ediciones, Vitoria-Gasteiz). Gehl, J. (2006) La humanización del espacio urbano: la vida social entre los edificios (Reverté, Barcelona). Koolhaas, R. (1995) S, M, L, XL (The Monacelli Press, New York). Lynch, K. (1960) The Image of the City (The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Cambridge). Rebois, D. (ed.) (2014) Europan 12 results. The adaptable city /1 (Europan Europe, Paris).