Thematische Bibliographien / Aromatic rice seed varieties

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Aromatic rice seed varieties“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Aromatic rice seed varieties"

Alibu, Simon, Morish Obura, James Ekebu, Doreen Nampamya, Jimmy Lamo, Godfrey Asea und Tae-Seon Park. „Modest Ag-Extension and Access to Seeds of Aromatic Rice Can Boost Returns of Smallholder Farmers in Uganda, A Case Study“. Agriculture 12, Nr. 8 (06.08.2022): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081172.

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Limited farmer access to quality seeds of improved varieties and knowledge gaps in good agronomic practices are the major factors limiting rice productivity among smallholder farmers in Uganda. Promoting high yielding aromatic rice varieties alongside good agronomic practices can unlock commercial opportunities for smallholder farmers in rice cultivation, given that 80% of rice consumers in Uganda prefer aromatic rice, which is in short supply. This case study highlights a project’s achievements to accelerate the adoption of improved aromatic rice varieties among smallholder farmers in Uganda. This project supported a few selected farmers with the seed of a new aromatic rice variety, NARORICE-1, and equipped them with agronomic skills to raise their yields from an average of 3.1 to 4.1 t/ha. Line transplanting was identified as a crucial technology to increase rice yields among smallholders. Costly and inaccessible crop-enhancing inputs such as seeds and fertilizers, and an unfair distribution of irrigation water were the two main obstacles farmers face in rice production. Farmers valued NARORICE-1 for its aroma, high yield, and early maturity. The project’s training of a community seed producer improved farmers’ access to NARORICE-1 seeds, increasing its adoption by 20% in two years. NARORICE-1 is much more in demand than any other variety and attracts a better price, making it an ideal innovation for increasing productivity and farmer’s incomes. An effective seed system and continuous farmer training are vital for accelerating impact.

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Lahkar, Lipika, und Bhaben Tanti. „Study of morphological diversity of traditional aromatic rice landraces (Oryza sativa L.) collected from Assam, India“. Annals of Plant Sciences 6, Nr. 12 (01.12.2017): 1855. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2017.6.12.9.

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Rice is one of the major cereal grain consumed more than half of the world’s population. Aromatic rice is one of the most widely accepted rice due its pleasant aroma. Traditionally, many varieties of aromatic rice are grown by the farmers of Assam maintaining a diverse gene pool. In the present study, morphological variation was studied in 22 aromatic rice landraces using qualitative and quantitative traits. Keteki Joha is very popular indigenous aromatic rice grown in a small pocket of Assam for its high yield. Though Kola Kunkuni Joha is relatively smaller grain size and low yield but have high demand due to its high aroma as compared to other landraces. Significant positive correlations was occurred at 0.05 level between kernel length and seed weight with seed width (r = 0.6734*) and (0.5881*) as well as seed weight with kernel width (r = 0.5433*). The correlation between seed width and kernel width (0.9663**) showed significantly positive relationship which shown at 0.01 level. Characterization of aromatic rice landraces of Assam would be a boon for the breeders for designing further rice improvement programme.

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Widiastuti, Mira Landep, Aris Hairmansis, Endah Retno Palupi und Satriyas Ilyas. „DIGITAL IMAGE ANALYSIS USING FLATBED SCANNING SYSTEM FOR PURITY TESTING OF RICE SEED AND CONFIRMATION BY GROW OUT TEST“. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 19, Nr. 2 (09.12.2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v19n2.2018.p49-56.

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<p class="abstrakinggris">The common method used for purity testing of rice seed is human visual observation. This method, however, has a high degree of subjectivity when dealing with different rice varieties which have similar morphology. Digital image analysis with flatbed scanning for purity testing of rice seed was proposed by investigating the morphology of rice seeds and confirmation by grow out test (GOT) in the field. Two extra-long seed varieties were used in this study including a red rice Aek Sibundong and an aromatic rice Sintanur. The identification on 14 parameters of morphological characteristics indicated that only six parameters were correlated, i.e. area, feret, minimum feret, aspect ratio, round, and solidity. The purity of rice seed can be effectively determined using digital image analysis of spikelet color and shape. Based on the discriminant analysis of the digital image the recognition rate of rice seed purity was higher than 99.2% for shape and 93.55% for color. The method, therefore, has a potential to be used as a complement in rice seed purity testing to increase the accuracy of human visual method and it is more sensitive than GOT.</p>

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Boondech, Atirada, und Sunisa Sajaw. „Checking Adulteration of Aromatic, Amylose Content and Glutinous in Rice by Using Molecular Marker“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 855 (Oktober 2016): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.855.22.

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The purification of rice varieties were tested by using molecular markers. DNA fingerprint is the most accurate method. This research was extracted single milled rice seed varieties, which includes Proteinase K in SDS extraction buffer and 2x CTAB. Three simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers for varietal purity test are 1) BO3, which completely co-segregate with the rice grain aroma. This primer pair amplifying a 140 bp fragment for an aromatic variety, KDML105 and a 130 bp fragment for a non-aromatic variety, RD29, 41, 49 and rice berry, respectively. 2) RM190, which is closely linked to waxy gene. This primer pair amplifying a 125 bp fragment for low amylose content, Sao-hai, RD 29, RD 41, RD 49 rice varieties and a 110 bp fragments for high amylose varieties, rice berry, KDML 105 and 3) Glu23, which is glutinous marker. This primer pair amplifying a 196 bp fragment for a non-glutinous variety, RD 29, RD 41, RD 49, rice berry and a 225 bp fragments for glutinous varieties, Keaw-Ngoo sticky rice. All markers can be checking adulteration of aromatic, amylose content and glutinous in rice by using molecular Marker.

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Bora, Partha Pratim, Meghali Barua, Sharmila D. Deka, Priyanka Das und Purna K. Barua. „Influence of Seed Storage and Priming on Naturally Aged Seeds of Aromatic Joha Rice“. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, Nr. 11 (09.10.2023): 372–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i113180.

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Joha is a fine grain aromatic rice of Assam, well known in the world market. This rice is protected and tagged as a geographical indication. This study evaluated priming effects on naturally aged seeds of two varieties, Kon Joha and Keteki Joha, after 0, 3, 6 and nine months of storage under ambient conditions. Seeds were hydro-primed, osmo-primed with 5% and 10% PEG, halo primed with 1% and 2% KCl and primed with 5 ppm and 10 ppm GA3 for 12 and 24 hours. Seed moisture percentage, germination percentage, germination index, mean germination time, seedling length and dry weight, seed vigour index, field emergence, seed reserve utilization rate, seed reserve use efficiency, seed reserve depletion percentage, and biochemical parameters like electrical conductivity, lipid peroxidation and α-amylase were observed. Seed quality was gradually deteriorating due to ageing over the storage period. The rate of deterioration was faster for seedling vigour traits than germination parameters. There was a varietal difference in the rate of deterioration; it was slower in Kon Joha, an indigenous variety which also showed dormancy. The priming treatments were able to ameliorate the effect of seed ageing on seed germination, seedling growth and biochemical parameters in Kon Joha. Treatments with 1% KCl, 10 ppm GA3 and 5% PEG enhanced the germination parameters and vigour indicators. KCl (1%) priming was the best priming agent; 24 hours of priming for all agents was better than 12 hours.

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Chan-in, Phukjira, Sansanee Jamjod, Narit Yimyam, Benjavan Rerkasem und Tonapha Pusadee. „Grain Quality and Allelic Variation of the Badh2 Gene in Thai Fragrant Rice Landraces“. Agronomy 10, Nr. 6 (30.05.2020): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060779.

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Fragrance, which plays an important role in determining the economic value of rice to growers and consumers, is known to be controlled by the Badh2 gene. This study evaluated the grain quality characteristics and allelic variation of the Badh2 gene in 22 fragrant rice landraces from Thailand. The rice seed samples from farmers’ storage facilities in northern, northeastern and southern Thailand, plus two advanced breeding lines and three check varieties, were evaluated for seed morphology and grain quality, and their Badh2 genes covering intron 4 to intron 8 were re-sequenced. Almost all of the landraces were classified as large grain types, with medium to high gelatinization temperatures. The variation in the Badh2 gene by haplotype analysis correlated with grain aroma by sensory evaluation. The badh2-E7 was found in haplotype 1 with a strong aroma in KH, NDLP, and PLD, as in KDML105 and the moderately aromatic BNM-CMU, BNM4, and SKH, along with PTT1. Three haplotypes had different positions of SNP on the Badh2 gene with varying results in the sensory test. The present results suggest that some rice varieties could be potentially introduced as genetic resources for fragrant rice breeding programs or could be developed to highly palatable cultivars with geographical indications to increase the income of highland farmers.

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Kader, Md Abdul, Ratna Rani Majumder, Tapas Kumer Hore, Urmi Rani Shaha, Kaniz Fatema und A. K. M. Shalahuddin. „BRRI Dhan104: BRRI’s Basmati Type Aromatic Rice Variety for Irrigated Ecosystem in Bangladesh“. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research 22, Nr. 4 (03.08.2023): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2023/v22i4448.

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An enhancement over already available premium quality enriched aromatic rice varieties for Bangladesh is the recently announced BRRI dhan104 type of rice, which has long slender grain and is high yielding and ideal for Bangladesh's irrigated ecology. The variety has satisfactorily passed the Proposed Variety Trial (PVT) conducted in the farmers’ field in Boro 2021-22 season. As a result National Seed Board (NSB) approved this variety for commercial cultivation in the Boro season (dry season) in 2022. It has modern plant type with 92 cm plant height and matures by 147 days. The proposed variety showed 0.68 t/ha higher yield than check variety BRRI dhan50. Identifying characters of this variety are green leaf, intermediate plant height, erect flag leaf, long slender grain, and intermediate leaf senescence. In average, it can produce 7.30 t/ha grain yield but it has potentiality to give 8.71 t/ha grain yield under favorable climatic condition and appropriate agronomic management. Thousand grain weight of the variety is 21.5 gm and head rice yield is 57.2%. It is strong aromatic basmati type rice variety (according to GCMS system the value of volatile aromatic compound is 2.12 ppm), 29.2% amylose content with 8.9% protein content. Farmers can benefit financially from growing the premium quality enriched aromatic rice variety BRRI dhan104 and the total rice production will be increased along with possible to earn foreign currency by export this variety. Among the released variety by BRRI, the BRRI dhan104 is the only variety of aromatic basmati type.

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Khanda, Chandramani, und Anshuman Nayak. „Enhancing productivity of aromatic rice-chickpea paira cropping system through different nutrient management practices“. Oryza-An International Journal on Rice 60, Nr. 4 (30.12.2023): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35709/ory.2023.60.4.7.

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The field experiment was carried out at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Bhawanipatna, Kalahandi of Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar to evaluate the performance of three aromatic rice varieties under five different nutrient management practices during 2017-18 and 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design taking three aromatic rice varieties (Geetanjali, Gangabali and Badshabhog) in main plot and five nutrient management practices (40:20:20, 60:30:30, 80:40:40 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1, 40:20:20 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1+ FYM 5 t ha-1 and 40:20:20 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1 + FYM 5 t ha-1 + Biofertilizers (Azospirillum and PSB 5 kg each ha-1 ) in sub- plot replicated thrice. Chickpea was sown as paira crop 15 days prior to the harvest of paddy. The yield attributes, yield and economics of production was maximum in aromatic rice Gangabali. Maximum grain yield was obtained with application of 80:40:40 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1(3480 kg ha-1) being at par with 40:20:20 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1 + FYM 5 t ha-1 (3303 kg ha-1) and 40:20:20 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1 + FYM 5 t ha-1 + Biofertilizers (3392 kg ha-1). The chickpea seed yield was maximum in Geetanjali (682 kg ha-1) grown plot, which was harvested fifteen days earlier than the other two varieties. The residual effect of nutrient management practices was prominent in the treatment where inorganic fertilizers were applied in conjunction with organic manures in which the seed yield of chickpea was 19-72% higher in the plots with combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizer than that of only inorganic fertilizers. The rice equivalent yield (REY), gross return, net return, return rupee-1 invested and partial factor productivity of NPK used were higher in Geetanjali. Among the nutrient management practices application of 40:20:20 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1 + FYM 5t ha-1 + Biofertilizer registered maximum REY (5088 kg ha-1), gross return (Rs.1,31,336 ha-1) and net return (Rs.75,868 ha-1) which was 43 and 24% higher than the plots treated with 40:20:20 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1 and 60:30:30 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1, respectively. The partial factor productivity of NPK used was significantly higher in the treatment supplied with less nutrients from inorganic and/or organics sources and gradually decreased with increasing NPK dose.

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Devi, Warepam Jesmi, Yaikhom Vivekananda, Arif Uddin, JM Laishram und Supriyo Chakraborty. „Morpho-agronomic characterization and evaluation of a gene based marker in three aromatic pigmented Chakhao rice accessions of Manipur“. Oryza-An International Journal on Rice 57, Nr. 2 (30.06.2020): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.35709/ory.2020.57.2.3.

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Chakhao Poireiton, Chakhao Sempak and Chakhao Amubi are the three most popular traditional non-Basmati-type black scented rice of the state of Manipur in India. These varieties have long statured (135-145 cm height) plants which have high anthocyanin pigment on sheaths, leaf blades, nodes and internodes. They are characterized by late heading (115-120 days) and late maturity duration (145-150 days). The lemma and palea of grains are of purple colour with strong fragrance. The agro-morphological characterization of Chakhao Poireiton, Chakhao Sempak and Chakhao Amubi was done at College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, India during the wet (Kharif) seasons of 2017 and 2018 following the DUS test guidelines for the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Authority (PPV & FRA). DNA extractions were done using SDS method and a CAPS marker for the OSB1 gene was used to discriminate rice seeds governing white and black colour. We validated the usefulness of this marker in three varieties of black scented rice and in a white local landrace as well as their crosses with the white local landrace.

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Obasi, Nwogo Ajuka, Chinyere Aloke, Stella Eberechukwu Obasi, Ademola Clement Famurewa, Sunday Oge Elom, Patrck Maduabuchi Aja und Lawrence Olusegun Ajala. „Nutritional Assessment of Pulps and Partial Characterization of Seed Oils from Varieties of Pear Fruits“. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences 13 (28.04.2023): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2023.13.02.

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The nutrients and chemical contents of Persea americana, Dacryodes edulis, and Canarium scheinfurthi fruits and partial characterization of their seed oils were carried out to ascertain their nutritional benefits. The fruit pulps were analyzed for chemical (proximate) composition, amino acids profile, vitamins, and phytochemical and anti-nutritional compositions. Oils were extracted from the fruit seeds and the physico-chemical properties of the seed oils were determined according to the standard protocols. The results showed that the fruit pulps contained an abundance of macro- and micro-nutrients which varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the varieties with low anti-nutrients. The essential amino acid contents were high and varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the varieties. Glutamic acid, followed by aspartic acid had the highest concentration of the amino acids, while the concentrations of methionine and cysteine were low in all the varieties. The results also revealed high essential amino acids score values, above 100% for isoleucine and total aromatic amino acids. The physicochemical properties of the fruit oils showed that the oils were edible (low acid value) and may have industrial potential due to their low peroxide, iodine, and saponification values. Overall, the results showed that the pears are nutritionally rich and could serve dietetic and industrial purposes.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Aromatic rice seed varieties"

Tsai, Ya-Chin, und 蔡雅琴. „Studies on the Variation of Milled Rice Quality of Taiwan Aromatic Varieties and Introduced Aromatic Varieties“. Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07892377797475151086.

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碩士
國立中興大學
農藝學系
91
Summary There were one hundred and ten rice varieties, including twenty Taiwan varieties, nineteen Taiwan aromatic varieties and seventy-one introduced aromatic varieties, to be used in the experiment. The variation result of milled rice quality were showed that：（1）The heading duration, percentage of brown rice, percentage of milled rice, alkali spreading value, milled rice width, milled rice thickness, elongation ratio of cooked rice and cooked rice width in Taiwan aromatic varieties were lower than Taiwan varieties. But 1000 kernel weight, milled rice whiteness, chalkiness percentage, chalkiness scale, milled rice length, milled rice length / width and cooked rice length / width were higher than Taiwan varieties.（2）The heading duration, percentage of brown rice, milled rice whiteness , chalkiness percentage, chalkiness scale , alkali spreading value , milled rice width , milled rice thickness, elongation ratio of cooked rice and cooked rice width in introduced aromatic varieties were lower than Taiwan aromatic varieties. But 1000 kernel weight, percentage of milled rice , milled rice length and milled rice length / width were higher than Taiwan aromatic varieties.（3）In general, the milled rice quality in aromatic varieties had wide variation. The result of correlation coefficients between the investigated characters among the three kinds of varieties were showed that：（1）The correlation of alkali spreading value of Taiwan varieties were significant positively correlated with the heading duration, 1000 kernel weight, milled rice width, milled rice thickness and significant negatively correlated with milled rice length / width. The correlation of alkali spreading value of introduced aromatic varieties were significant positively correlated with the heading duration, 1000 kernel weight and significant negatively correlated with milled rice length / width. But that were no correlation of Taiwan aromatic varieties. （2）The 1000 kernel weight and milled rice length / width were no significant correlation of Taiwan varieties and all aromatic varieties. （3）The correlation of milled rice length / width of Taiwan varieties and all aromatic varieties were significant positively correlated with milled rice length and cooked rice width and significant negatively correlated with milled rice width, thickness and elongation ratio of cooked rice.（4）The correlation of elongation ratio of cooked rice of Taiwan varieties were significant positively correlated with cooked rice length and width. But the elongation ratio of cooked rice were significant negatively correlated with milled rice length in all aromatic varieties. （5）The correlation of elongation index of all araomatic varieties were significant positively correlated with milled rice width and thickness and were significant negatively correlated with milled rice length and milled rice length / widt. But the elongation index were significant negatively correlated with milled rice length / width in Taiwan varieties. The first ~ third component factors scatter diagram showed the distribution of rice varieties of three kinds of varieties. The variation of introduced aromatic varieties were wider than Taiwan aromatic varieties and the variation of Taiwan aromatic varieties were wider than Taiwan varieties. The characters of Taiwan varieties were large kernel, less chalkiness, long heading duration and good elongation ratio of cooked rice. The characters of all aromatic varieties were almost the short heading duration and small elongation ratio of cooked rice. Some improved aromatic varieties within the ninety aromatic varieties, such as TNG 71 and TK 4 in Taiwan aromatic varieties , Basmati 370 in Pakistan and Baiyu in Japanhad the similar rice quality to Taiwan varieties.

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Liao, Yu-Hsuan, und 廖于瑄. „Characterization of Pre-harvest Sprouting and Seed Dormancy in Different Rice Varieties“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pxd8sq.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
農藝學研究所
107
Seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) are two closely related traits in rice. Varieties prone to PHS usually possess low seed dormancy, and varieties with PHS tolerance tend to have high seed dormancy. The objective of this project is to screen rice cultivars with PHS tolerance but low seed dormancy, in order to find rice genotypes that can reduce yield damage due to more frequently occurred heavy rains around harvesting time of the first cropping season but keep high germination rate of seedling propagation in the subsequently second cropping season for rice. In this study, 196 japonica rice varieties were grown and investigated in the NTU Farm in the first cropping season 2018, in order to find rice varieties with low seed dormancy and high PHS tolerance. Investigation of seed dormancy and PHS traits usually requires a laboriously large number of seed counts. Therefore, we are very interested in finding a method to replace the direct investigation of germination rate. In this study, 60 different rice varieties were tested in different soaking days. The germination rate and germination index were obtained in 60 varieties and the activity of α-amylase was measured in 32 selected japonica rice varieties. The correlation coefficient between the activity of α-amylase and germination rate was calculated to evaluate the feasibility of using α-amylase activity instead of counting the number of germinated seeds. The results can be applied to the research for seed dormancy-related traits and breeding program in the future.

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Bücher zum Thema "Aromatic rice seed varieties"

Panthee, D. R. Study on morphological characteristics of rice, wheat, oil seed rape, onion, broad leaf mustard and radish varieties, 1996. Pokhara: Lumle Regional Agricultural Research Centre, 1998.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Aromatic rice seed varieties"

Quilloy, Fergie Ann, Benedick Labaco, Carlos Casal und Shalabh Dixit. „Crop Establishment in Direct-Seeded Rice: Traits, Physiology, and Genetics“. In Rice Improvement, 171–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_6.

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AbstractThe changing climate and water availability strongly affect the current state of agricultural production. While the global temperature rises, the occurrence of extreme climatic conditions becomes erratic. This current scenario has driven the development of rice varieties and cultivation practices that require less water and favor mechanization. Although puddled transplanted rice has been more widely used in the past, direct seeding has been gaining popularity in recent years, especially due to its water- and labor-saving features. This technique allows full crop establishment from seeds that were directly sown in the field, thus avoiding puddling, transplanting, and maintaining standing water. Consequently, it offers promising positive environmental effects including decreasing the release of greenhouse gases and increasing water-use efficiency. Historically, rice varieties bred for transplanting are also used in direct seeding, which limits the maximum yield potential of field trials. The success of direct seeding relies strongly on the development of rice varieties with robust crop establishment. Anaerobic germination, seed longevity, and early seedling vigor are the key traits required to achieve this. This chapter expounds on the physiology, molecular mechanisms, genetics, and relevance of the enumerated traits for direct seeding. A brief discussion of breeding for rice varieties with improved germination under direct seeding is also provided.

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Yamano, Takashi. „Diffusion of Submergence-Tolerant Rice in South Asia“. In Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies, 49–62. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5542-6_4.

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AbstractClimate change is expected to increase the incidence and magnitudes of extreme weather events. To help farmers mitigate the expected impacts of extreme weather events, abiotic stress-tolerant crop varieties have been developed. The diffusions of the stress-tolerant crop varieties, however, have been limited. This chapter reviews recent studies on the adoption and impacts of the submergence-tolerant rice varieties in South Asia. Studies have identified significant benefits of those rice varieties in South Asia using various survey and analytical methods. However, farmers have problems identifying submergence-tolerant rice varieties in informal seed markets. Using DNA fingerprinting, a study found that many farmers in Bangladesh could not identify varietal names correctly. Effective public interventions are needed to help farmers in flood-prone areas adopt submergence-tolerant rice varieties.

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Dhiman, Mondal, Chatterjee Chandra Churh, Roy Kusal, Paul Anupam und Kole Dipak Kumar. „Deep Learning-Based Classification of Rice Varieties from Seed Coat Images“. In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 71–80. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2680-0_7.

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Estudillo, Jonna P., Yoko Kijima und Tetsushi Sonobe. „Summary and Conclusions“. In Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies, 375–87. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5542-6_27.

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AbstractAgricultural development is the major driver of rural transformation in Asia, and the Green Revolution is the flagship of agricultural development. It is characterized by the continuous development of improved seed varieties and their dissemination. The Green Revolution in Asia is focused on three major staples: rice, wheat, and maize.

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Kumar, Vikash, Anjali Chauhan, Avinash Kumar Shinde, Ramesh L. Kunkerkar, Deepak Sharma und Bikram Kishore Das. „Mutation breeding in rice for sustainable crop production and food security in India.“ In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 83–99. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0009.

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Abstract With the inevitable risk posed by global climate change affecting crop yield and the ever-increasing demands of agricultural produce, crop improvement techniques need to be more precise in developing smart crop varieties. The rice crop, a staple food for the majority of the world population, has a significant role to play in alleviating the global hunger problem. With the world population burgeoning at an unprecedented rate, limited fertile land resources, climate change, emerging new races of pests and diseases and consumer preferences for quality attributes, it is imperative to increase crop diversity, and this requires better selection efficiency addressing the challenges of future rice production. Mutation breeding is a fundamental and very successful tool helping to increase crop diversity and allowing plant breeders to exercise their skill in developing desirable crop varieties. The induction of mutations has been used to enhance yield, improve nutritional quality and widen the adaptability of the world's most important crops such as wheat, rice, pulses, millets and oilseeds. India is considered to be one of the primary centres of origin of crop species with the concomitant very high genetic diversity in traditional landraces for different agronomic traits of economic importance. Plant architecture, such as plant height, branching habit (tiller number), leaf shape and patterns, floral and grain traits and quality traits such as aroma, amylose content and cooking quality are of tremendous importance for rice improvement programmes. Traditional landraces of rice have premium grain quality, fetching a premium price, but their cultivation is being marginalized due to their tall stature, proneness to lodging, late maturity and poor yield. Mutation breeding technology has been successfully implemented in rice improvement programmes, which have resulted in the improvement of aromatic rice varieties, such as 'Pusa Basmati 1', 'Dubraj and Jawaphool'. Two high-yielding mutant rice varieties, TCDM-1 ('Trombay Chhattisgarh Dubraj Mutant-1') and TKR Kolam ('Trombay Karjat Rice Kolam'), have been released for cultivation in Chhattisgarh and the Konkan region of Maharashtra. Both these varieties possess dwarf plant stature (110 cm), medium maturity (130 days), premium grain quality and resistance to major pests and diseases. Improvement of other traditional rice varieties is underway which will bring these varieties back into cultivation and help in improving the tribal and marginal farmers' economy.

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Nagashima, Mami, Yoshiaki Nishikawa, Makoto Kawase, Kazuo Watanabe und Kenji Irie. „Seed System Dynamics and Crop Diversity of Chinbaung in Myanmar“. In Seeds for Diversity and Inclusion, 91–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89405-4_6.

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AbstractIn this field survey of seed system dynamics in Myanmar, the authors note that the country’s dominant system of traditional agriculture faces pressure from the introduction of ‘improved’ varieties and shifts in policy. However, farmers—from small and subsistence growers to large-scale rice producers—continue to raise indigenous species. One is chinbaung, the collective term for several varieties in the genus Hibiscus. The authors traced differences in chinbaung cultivation and use among places, and examined production systems in three villages in central arid zone, each sited in a geographically distinct locale. They found that a local festival popular with seed sellers has become a prime conduit for disseminating diverse genetic resources. Poe Yon, a guild of agricultural brokerage firms with hubs in cities across the country, meanwhile involves firms and farmers in a unique relationship that ensures broader distribution. Ultimately, the autonomy of farmers has enabled agrobiodiversity to thrive in Myanmar—a success, the authors note, that agricultural policymakers should heed.

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Azad, Md Abul Kalam, Fahmina Yasmine, Md Kamruzzaman, Md Hasanuzzaman Rani und Hosne Ara Begum. „Development of climate-adaptable/resilient crop varieties through induced mutation.“ In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 157–71. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0016.

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Abstract For crop production to cope with problems driven by climate change, such as salinity, drought and extreme temperatures, the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) released a late Boro rice variety, 'Binadhan-14' in 2013 which is tolerant to high temperature, has short duration (105-115 days) and gives average yield of 6.9 t/ha. This variety was developed by irradiating the seeds of 'Ashfal', a local salt-tolerant landrace of rice, with 200 Gy of carbon-ion beams. The late-transplanting potential of this variety also helps in avoiding seedling injury due to severe cold. Another variety, 'Binadhan-19', was developed by irradiating the seeds of 'NERICA-10' rice with 40 Gy of carbon-ion beams. This was released by the National Seed Board of Bangladesh (NSB) in 2017 as a drought-tolerant, short-duration (95-105 days) and high-yielding (average 4.0 t/ha) variety for the Aus growing season. BINA developed a salt-tolerant wheat variety, 'Binagom-1', by selecting from a segregating population, obtained from NIAB, Pakistan. This variety was released in 2016; it can tolerate salinity (up to 12 dS/m) and produces an average yield of 2.8 t/ha. Apart from these, BINA developed four salt-tolerant groundnut varieties ('Binachinabadam-5', 'Binachinabadam-6', 'Binachinabadam-7' and 'Binachinabadam-9') by irradiation with gamma-rays. All these four varieties can tolerate salinity (up to 8 dS/m) from flowering to maturity and produce pods at 1.8-3.4 t/ha under saline soil conditions. These climate-resilient varieties are playing a significant role in food security and enhancing the nutritional status of the people of Bangladesh.

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Ceccarelli, Salvatore, Stefania Grando, Maedeh Salimi und Khadija Razavi. „Evolutionary Populations for Sustainable Food Security and Food Sovereignty“. In Seeds for Diversity and Inclusion, 121–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89405-4_8.

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AbstractTwo mechanisms in plant breeding are thought to diminish crop diversity: the displacement of landraces by “improved” varieties, and a bias towards varieties developed under a high-input management regime. This multinational study examines how genetic diversity can be restored through evolutionary plant breeding: enabling plants under cultivation to evolve via natural selection pressure and adapt to the environment. The authors first present findings from research in Iran. Here, in participation with institutions, farmers selected barley, rice and wheat varieties from evolutionary populations for cultivation and used them outright as “smart crops” with all-around benefits for the environment, human health and farming income. A similarly successful project in Italy led to six more in countries across Africa, Asia and the Near East. Ultimately, the authors conclude, such “evolutionary-participatory” plant breeding enables farmers to manage genetic diversity autonomously. While the seeds produced have yet to meet the requirements of seed laws, new rules emerging in Europe could enable organic farmers to adopt the approach from 2022.

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Pimbert, Michel. „Introduction: Thinking About Seeds“. In Seeds for Diversity and Inclusion, 1–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89405-4_1.

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AbstractSeed diversity is crucial to the sustainability of food and agricultural systems. Yet as Michel Pimbert’s survey of the global ‘state of seeds’ reveals, both wild and domesticated varieties are disappearing under an onslaught of human-driven pressures. Planetary crises—the sixth great extinction and climate change—constitute one. Industrialized agriculture is another: just three crops (maize, rice and wheat) currently supply over 60% of the calories humanity obtains from food. The impacts of this impoverishment on small and Indigenous farmers, ecosystems, food security and human health are manifold, and understanding them demands that we unravel a range of intermeshed social and political factors. Disparities in wealth, gender and ethnicity, for instance, determine the way seeds are cultivated, conserved, collected and exchanged. And the primary domains of seed governance—state, corporate and farm—wield different, often unequal powers. By confronting these complexities, Pimbert asserts, we can map ways of managing seeds equitably, to support human and planetary wellbeing.

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Gweyi-Onyango, Joseph P., Michael Ajanja Sakha und Joyce Jefwa. „Agricultural Interventions to Enhance Climate Change Adaptation of Underutilized Root and Tuber Crops“. In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 61–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_40.

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AbstractAgricultural intensification worldwide is increasingly relying on a narrow range of crops such as rice, wheat, and maize. The reliability on this relatively small numbers of food diversities raises a very serious concern about the sustainability managing our nutrition today and in the future. We conducted a scoping review using online databases to identify various agricultural interventions that can be utilized for enhancement of underutilized root and tuber crops adaptability under the current observable effects of climate change. This is because reports of underutilized crops’ adaptability to climate change continues to remain anecdotal with limited research capacity to support them. The results mooted a wide range of crop production techniques that can be utilized in production of root and tuber crops. They includes biofertilizers, tied ridging method, improved seed varieties, management of community seed banks, cropping systems, irrigation methods, exploiting abandoned lands, agroforestry practice, clean seed production technologies, and nutrient use efficiency. Based on the findings, each of these interventions plays different roles in management of the negative impacts brought up by climate change and thus they would be useful when adopted in combination since package adoption would enable farmers to benefit from the positive synergy of the selected interventions. The interventions are therefore recommended not only for sustainability but also for profitable production to meet feed, food, energy, and fiber needs and foster economic growth in the ever changing world. Therefore this chapter contributes immensely towards the development of innovative mechanisms for strengthening the resilience of root and tuber crop.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Aromatic rice seed varieties"

Kostylev, P. I., E. V. Krasnova und A. V. Aksenov. „NEW RICE VARIETIES KAPITAN AND ARGAMAK“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-61-68.

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Thu Hong, Phan Thi, Tran Thi Thanh Hai, Le Thi Lan, Vo Ta Hoang, Vu Hai und Thuy Thi Nguyen. „Comparative Study on Vision Based Rice Seed Varieties Identification“. In 2015 Seventh International Conference on Knowledge and Systems Engineering (KSE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kse.2015.46.

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Esaulova, L. V. „NEW RICE AND VEGETABLE CROPS VARIETIES BRED IN FSBSI FEDERAL SCIENTIFIC RICE CENTRE“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-121-123.

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Chizhikova, S. S., und K. K. Olkhovaya. „TECHNOLOGICAL GRAIN QUALITY TRAITS OF LARGEGRAIN RICE VARIETIES OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-176-180.

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Kharitonov, E. M., und Y. K. Goncharova. „BLACK AND RED RUSSIAN RICE VARIETIES AS FAVORITES FOR ANTIOXIDANT CONTENT“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-181-185.

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Abo-Youssef, Mahmoud I. „CURRENT STATUS FOR RICE PRODUCTION OF JAPONICA TYPE VARIETIES IN EGYPT“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-362-363.

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Kruzhilin, I. P., M. A. Ganiev, A. E. Novikov, A. A. Novikov und K. A. Rodin. „CULTIVATION OF RICE VARIETIES DIFFERING BY RIPENING USING INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY WITH SPRINKLER IRRIGATION“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-264-267.

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I.E., Belousov. „NON-ROOT TOP DRESSING OF RICE VARIETIES AND THE TECHNOLOGY OF THEIR IMPLEMENTATION“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-321-326.

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Papulova, E. Y., und K. K. Olkhovaya. „GRAIN QUALITY OF RICE VARIETIES GROWN IN ABINSKY DISTRICT, KRASNODAR REGION IN 2016 – 2019“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-167-171.

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Kumeiko, T. B. „CHARACTERISTIC OF NEW RUSSIAN RICE VARIETIES HARVESTED IN 2020 BY LITTLE'S SAMPLE AND COOKING INDICATORS“. In «Breeding, seed production, cultivation technology and processing of agricultural crops». Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Rice Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33775/conf-2021-94-96.

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