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Thematische Bibliographien / Aromatic Nitrogen-heterocycles / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Aromatic Nitrogen-heterocycles“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 31. Juli 2025

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1

Zong, He-Hou, Chuang Yao, Chang Q. Sun, Jian-Guo Zhang, and Lei Zhang. "Structure and Stability of Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles Used in the Field of Energetic Materials." Molecules 25, no. 14 (2020): 3232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25143232.

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Understanding the stabilization of nitrogen heterocycles is critical in the field of energetic materials and calls for innovative knowledge of nitrogen aromatics. Herewith, we report for the first time that nitrogen lone pair electron (NLPE) delocalization in five-membered nitrogen heterocycles creates a second σ-aromaticity in addition to the prototypical π-aromaticity. The NLPE delocalization and the attendant dual-aromaticity are enhanced as more carbon atoms in the ring are substituted by unsaturated nitrogen atoms. The presence of adjacent nitrogen atoms in the ring can enhance the aromat

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2

Palumbo Piccionello, Antonio. "Editorial for Special Issue “Bioactive Oxadiazoles”." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8 (2021): 3988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083988.

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3

Palumbo Piccionello, Antonio. "Bioactive Oxadiazoles 2.0." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (2022): 3841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073841.

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4

Cervenka, Jiri, Akin Budi, Nikolai Dontschuk, et al. "Graphene field effect transistor as a probe of electronic structure and charge transfer at organic molecule–graphene interfaces." Nanoscale 7, no. 4 (2015): 1471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr05390g.

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5

Sachar, Anand, Poonam Gupta, Shallu Gupta, and R. L. Sharma. "A novel approach towards the synthesis of tricyclic systems based on pyridine, pyran, thiopyran, azepine, oxepin, thiepin, and pyrimidine rings under different solvent conditions." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 88, no. 5 (2010): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v10-015.

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6

Deep, Aman, PrachI, and Hament Panwar. "THE CHEMISTRY OF HEALING: HETEROATOMIC DERIVATIZATION AND THEIR MEDICINAL APPLICATIONS." Annals of Science and Allied Research 2, no. 1 (2024): 26–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12599903.

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Heterocyclic compounds are gaining attention for their medical and biological applications, with over 90% of new drugs containing them. Among all the heterocyclic molecules, mimics of nitrogen-based heterocycles occupy an exclusive position as a valuable source of therapeutic agents in medicinal chemistry. More than 75% of drugs approved by the FDA and currently available in the market are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties. In the forthcoming decade, a much greater share of new nitrogen-based pharmaceuticals is anticipated. Many new nitrogen-based heterocycles have been designed. The n

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7

Steel, Peter J. "Aromatic nitrogen heterocycles as bridging ligands; a survey." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 106 (November 1990): 227–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(60)80005-7.

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8

Savić, Nada D., Dusan R. Milivojevic, Biljana Đ. Glišić, et al. "A comparative antimicrobial and toxicological study of gold(iii) and silver(i) complexes with aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles: synergistic activity and improved selectivity index of Au(iii)/Ag(i) complexes mixture." RSC Advances 6, no. 16 (2016): 13193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26002g.

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Combination therapy may be applied in the case of gold(iii) and silver(i) complexes with aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles to improve their antimicrobial activity and reduce toxic-side effects.

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9

McGuire, Brett A., Andrew M. Burkhardt, Sergei Kalenskii, et al. "Detection of the aromatic molecule benzonitrile (c-C6H5CN) in the interstellar medium." Science 359, no. 6372 (2018): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aao4890.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles are thought to be widespread throughout the universe, because these classes of molecules are probably responsible for the unidentified infrared bands, a set of emission features seen in numerous Galactic and extragalactic sources. Despite their expected ubiquity, astronomical identification of specific aromatic molecules has proven elusive. We present the discovery of benzonitrile (c-C6H5CN), one of the simplest nitrogen-bearing aromatic molecules, in the interstellar medium. We observed hyperfine-resolved transitio

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10

He, Jiwen, Xingguo Zhang, Qiuqin He, Hao Guo, and Renhua Fan. "Synthesis of 15N-labeled heterocycles via the cleavage of C–N bonds of anilines and glycine-15N." Chemical Communications 57, no. 44 (2021): 5442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc01734a.

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11

Glišić, Biljana Đ., Ivana Aleksic, Peter Comba, et al. "Copper(ii) complexes with aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles as effective inhibitors of quorum sensing activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." RSC Advances 6, no. 89 (2016): 86695–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra19902j.

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Copper(ii) complexes with aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles are a new class of quorum sensing inhibitors that attenuate virulence without a pronounced effect on the bacterial growth, thus offering a lower risk for resistance development.

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12

Campos, Joana F., and Sabine Berteina-Raboin. "Tandem Catalysis: Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles." Catalysts 10, no. 6 (2020): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10060631.

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In this Review, we consider all the publications since the beginning of the century that describe tandem reactions resulting in the formation of five-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (thiazole, imidazole, indole, tetrazole, triazole, and isoxazole). The contents of this review are organized by taxonomy and type of tandem catalysis. It covers orthogonal, auto-, and assisted tandem catalysis, providing an overview of tandem reactions applied tonitrogen heterocycles reported in the literature up to March 2020. We believe that this compilation of data will provide a necessary starting refer

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13

Gonda, Jozef, Pavol Kristian, and Ľubomír Mikler. "Synthesis of isothiocyanates from non-aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 1 (1986): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19860112.

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Investigation of the reaction of thiophosgene with Δ2-oxazolines I, Δ3-thiazolines II, 4H-benzo[d][1,3]thiazines III, 2-methoxypentahydro-Δ1-azepine IV, theophylline and caffeine showed that only compounds I and IV reacted to give 2-acyloxyethyl isothiocyanates and methyl 6-isothiocyanatohexanoate. The structure of these products was corroborated by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral methods. The suitability of the above-mentioned compounds to react is discussed.

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14

Tai, Julia C., Linrong Yang, and Norman L. Allinger. "Molecular mechanics (MM3). Calculations on nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles." Journal of the American Chemical Society 115, no. 25 (1993): 11906–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00078a032.

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15

Kojima, Hideo, Noboru Matsumura, and Hiroo Inoue. "Preparation of nitrogen heterocycles from aromatic amines using tris(isopropylthio)cyclopropenyl cation as a three-carbon building block." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 1 (1992): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v92-001.

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Quinolines (2 and 3) and naphthazepines (8 and 9) are prepared in high yields by the reaction of tris(isopropylthio)-cyclopropenylium perchlorate (1) with anilines and 1-naphthylamines, respectively, under nitrogen in N,N-dimethylformamide at 80–85 °C. The reactions are proven to proceed through the intermediary formation of iminium salts (5, 10, and 11) derived from 1 and amines. The reaction of 1 with pyrrole and indole in dimethyl sulfoxide, containing sodium hydride, at 25 °C gives 5,6,7-tris(isopropylthio)-1H-pyrrolizine (12) and 1,2,3-tris(isopropylthio)-9H-fluorazene (14), respectively,

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16

Campos, Joana F., and Sabine Berteina-Raboin. "Greener Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles in Water, PEG, and Bio-Based Solvents." Catalysts 10, no. 4 (2020): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10040429.

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The solvents used in chemistry are a fundamental element of the environmental performance of processes in corporate and academic laboratories. Their influence on costs, health safety, and nature cannot be neglected. Quantitatively, solvents are the most abundant constituents of chemical transformations; therefore, acting on solvents and replacing standard solvents with safer products can have a great ecological impact. However, not all green solvents are suitable for the wide scope of organic chemistry reactions. A second point to consider is that 50% of pharmaceutical drugs are nitrogen heter

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17

Bosdet, Michael J. D., and Warren E. Piers. "B-N as a C-C substitute in aromatic systems." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 1 (2009): 8–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v08-110.

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The substitution of isoelectronic B–N units for C–C units in aromatic hydrocarbons produces novel heterocycles with structural similarities to the all-carbon frameworks, but with fundamentally altered electronic properties and chemistry. Since the pioneering work of Dewar some 50 years ago, the relationship between B–N and C–C and the wealth of parent all-carbon aromatics has captured the imagination of organic, inorganic, materials, and computational chemists alike, particularly in recent years. New applications in biological chemistry, new materials, and novel ligands for transition-metal co

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18

Kočí, Kamila, Hana Petrovská, Zdeněk Šimek, Elena VaraĎová, and Andrea Syslová. "Extraction of polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles from spiked soil samples." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 87, no. 2 (2007): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03067310600947276.

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19

Zauer, E. A. "Enthalpy of formation of five-membered nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 85, no. 10 (2015): 2268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070363215100084.

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20

STEEL, P. J. "ChemInform Abstract: Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles as Bridging Ligands. A Survey." ChemInform 22, no. 9 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199109363.

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21

Ruckmick, Stephen C., and Robert J. Hurtubise. "Class separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen heterocycles and hydroxyl aromatics by liquid chromatography." Journal of Chromatography A 331 (January 1985): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(85)80006-6.

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22

Kochany, J., and R. J. Maguire. "Abiotic transformations of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and polynuclear aromatic nitrogen heterocycles in aquatic environments." Science of The Total Environment 144, no. 1-3 (1994): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90424-3.

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23

Fraser, Robert R., Tarek S. Mansour, and Sylvain Savard. "Acidity measurements in THF. V. Heteroaromatic compounds containing 5-membered rings." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 12 (1985): 3505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v85-574.

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The pKa's of 13 heterocyclic aromatic compounds have been measured in tetrahydrofuran (THF) using 13C nmr spectroscopy. The acidifying effect of a nitrogen heteroatom is seen to be quite large (4–6 pK units versus C—H) on an adjacent C—H bond but small on a more remote hydrogen. Most of these aromatic heterocycles are sufficiently acidic, pKa < 34, to be completely deprotonated by lithium tetramethylpiperidide in THF. Benzoxazole appears to be an extremely strong carbon acid, its ring-opened isomer having a pKa of less than 15.7.

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24

de la Torre, Beatriz G., and Fernando Albericio. "The Pharmaceutical Industry in 2020. An Analysis of FDA Drug Approvals from the Perspective of Molecules." Molecules 26, no. 3 (2021): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030627.

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Although the pharmaceutical industry will remember 2020 as the year of COVID-19, it is important to highlight that this year has been the second-best—together with 1996—in terms of the number of drugs accepted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Each of these two years witnessed the authorization of 53 drugs—a number surpassed only in 2018 with 59 pharmaceutical agents. The 53 approvals in 2020 are divided between 40 new chemical entities and 13 biologic drugs (biologics). Of note, ten monoclonal antibodies, two antibody–drug conjugates, three peptides, and two oligonucleotides have

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25

Jadhav, Sushilkumar. "Synthesis of fluorescent long-chain thiols/disulfides as building-blocks for self-assembled monolayers preparation." Open Chemistry 10, no. 2 (2012): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-011-0140-5.

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AbstractNew symmetrical disulfides together with the corresponding thiols bearing fluorescent end-groups have been synthesized as building-blocks for self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The synthesis has been accomplished starting from aromatic nitrogen heterocycles in three steps. The conversion of the tosylated intermediate into the final disulfide is accomplished by use of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaSH). Both products (thiols and disulfides) were isolated and characterized.

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26

He, Ling, Yan Jiang, Guo-Chuan Zhou, Guang-Li He, Ju-Lian Li, and Shi-Long Zheng. "Ruthenium(II)-Porphyrin Catalyzed Selective N-Imidation of Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles." Synthesis 2007, no. 10 (2007): 1459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-966048.

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27

Nobeli, I., S. L. Price, J. P. M. Lommerse, and R. Taylor. "Hydrogen bonding properties of oxygen and nitrogen acceptors in aromatic heterocycles." Journal of Computational Chemistry 18, no. 16 (1997): 2060–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-987x(199712)18:16<2060::aid-jcc10>3.0.co;2-s.

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28

TAI, J. C., L. YANG, and N. L. ALLINGER. "ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Mechanics (MM3). Calculations on Nitrogen-Containing Aromatic Heterocycles." ChemInform 25, no. 12 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199412035.

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29

Frühauf, Anton, Martin Behringer, and Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes. "Significance of Five-Membered Heterocycles in Human Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors." Molecules 28, no. 15 (2023): 5686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155686.

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Five-membered heteroaromatic rings, in particular, have gained prominence in medicinal chemistry as they offer enhanced metabolic stability, solubility and bioavailability, crucial factors in developing effective drugs. The unique physicochemical properties and biological effects of five-membered heterocycles have positioned them as key structural motifs in numerous clinically effective drugs. Hence, the exploration of five-ring heterocycles remains an important research area in medicinal chemistry, with the aim of discovering new therapeutic agents for various diseases. This review addresses

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30

Li, Chongyang, Yongli Huang, Chang Q. Sun, and Lei Zhang. "Acidic Stabilization of the Dual-Aromatic Heterocyclic Anions." Catalysts 11, no. 7 (2021): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11070766.

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Recently, we discovered that the delocalization of nitrogen lone-pair electrons (NLPEs) in five-membered nitrogen heterocycles created a second σ-aromaticity in addition to the prototypical π-aromaticity. Such dual-aromatic compounds, such as the pentazole anion, were proved to have distinct chemistry in comparison to traditional π-aromatics, such as benzene, and were surprisingly unstable, susceptible to electrophilic attack, and relatively difficult to obtain. The dual-aromatics are basic in nature, but prefer not to be protonated when confronting more than three hydronium/ammonium ions, whi

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31

Velihina, Yevheniia, Nataliya Obernikhina, Stepan Pilyo, Maryna Kachaeva, Oleksiy Kachkovsky, and Volodymyr Brovarets. "In silico study of binding affinity of nitrogenous bicyclic heterocycles: fragment-to-fragment approach." Ukr. Bioorg. Acta 2020, Vol. 15, N2 15, no. 2 (2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/bioorganica2020.02.049.

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The binding affinity of model aromatic amino acids and heterocycles and their derivatives condensed with pyridine were investigated in silico and are presented in the framework of fragment-to-fragment approach. The presented model describes interaction between pharmacophores and biomolecules. Scrupulous data analysis shows that expansion of the π-electron system by heterocycles annelation causes the shifting up of high energy levels, while the appearance of new the dicoordinated nitrogen atom is accompanied by decreasing of the donor-acceptor properties. Density Functional Theory (DFT) wB97XD/

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32

Oliveira, Ricardo R., Germán Molpeceres, Felipe Fantuzzi, Heidy M. Quitián-Lara, Heloisa M. Boechat-Roberty, and Johannes Kästner. "Gas-phase spectroscopic characterization of neutral and ionic polycyclic aromatic phosphorus heterocycles (PAPHs)." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 2 (2020): 2564–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3460.

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ABSTRACT Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) constitute an essential family of compounds in interstellar (ISM) and circumstellar (CSM) media. Recently, formation routes for the corresponding polycyclic aromatic phosphorus heterocycles (PAPHs) in astrophysical environments have been proposed. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the phosphorus chemistry in the ISM, infrared (IR) spectra and selected properties of PAPHs were computed at the density functional theory level for neutral, cationic, and anionic species. Our results reveal that several protonated PAPHs do not have p

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33

Vlocskó, R. Bernadett, Guoshu Xie, and Béla Török. "Green Synthesis of Aromatic Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles by Catalytic and Non-Traditional Activation Methods." Molecules 28, no. 10 (2023): 4153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104153.

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Recent advances in the environmentally benign synthesis of aromatic N-heterocycles are reviewed, focusing primarily on the application of catalytic methods and non-traditional activation. This account features two main parts: the preparation of single ring N-heterocycles, and their condensed analogs. Both groups include compounds with one, two and more N-atoms. Due to the large number of protocols, this account focuses on providing representative examples to feature the available methods.

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34

Ignatovich, Zh V. "Synthesis of chimeric amides of 2-arilaminopyrimidine series." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series 56, no. 2 (2020): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8331-2020-56-2-38-166-180.

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Methodological approaches to the synthesis of 2-arylpyrimidine amides with predicted antitumor activity using the design of chimeric molecules by combining pharmacophore fragments of known antitumor drugs are considered. The results of the synthesis of chimeric amides containing, along with the 2-amino-pyrimidine fragment, fragments of other nitrogen and oxygen-containing heterocycles (piperazine, morpholine, isoxazole, etc.), aromatic cycles (benzene, methylnitroaniline, phenylenediamine) and functional (methyl-, amino-, carboxy-, etc.) groups in different positions of the molecule, are prese

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35

Mattioda, A. L., D. M. Hudgins, C. W. Bauschlicher, M. Rosi, and L. J. Allamandola. "Infrared Spectroscopy of Matrix-Isolated Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds and Their Ions. 6. Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 107, no. 10 (2003): 1486–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp021938c.

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36

Švábenský, Radim, Kamila Kočí, and Zdeněk Šimek. "The study of properties of HPLC determination of polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles." International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 87, no. 5 (2007): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03067310601087130.

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37

Itoh, Nobuya, Yoshikazu Izumi, and Hideaki Yamada. "Haloperoxidase-catalyzed halogenation of nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles represented by nucleic bases." Biochemistry 26, no. 1 (1987): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00375a039.

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38

Austin, Martin, Kassu Gebreyes, Henry G. Kuivila, Kamal Swami, and Jon A. Zubieta. "Complexes of bis-(chlorodimethylstannyl)- and bis(dichloromethylstannyl)methanes with aromatic nitrogen heterocycles." Organometallics 6, no. 4 (1987): 834–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om00147a024.

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39

Lopyrev, V. A., T. N. Kashik, T. G. Ermakova, E. I. Brodskaya, L. G. Kolzunova, and N. Ya Kovarskii. "Electrochemically initiated polymerization of vinyl-substituted five-membered nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles." Polymer Science U.S.S.R. 32, no. 1 (1990): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3950(90)90062-b.

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40

Beveridge, Ramsay E., Daniel A. Black, and Bruce A. Arndtsen. "Copper-Catalyzed Multicomponent Coupling of Organoindium Reagents with Nitrogen-Containing Aromatic Heterocycles." European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2010, no. 19 (2010): 3650–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.201000231.

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41

Ahamed, Muneer, and Matthew H. Todd. "Catalytic Asymmetric Additions of Carbon-Centered Nucleophiles to Nitrogen-Containing Aromatic Heterocycles." European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2010, no. 31 (2010): 5935–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.201000877.

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42

Górecki, Sebastian, and Agnieszka Kudelko. "Synthesis and Characteristics of 1,2,4,5-Tetrazines for Using as High Energy Density Materials (HEDMs)." Applied Sciences 15, no. 2 (2025): 821. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020821.

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Nitrogen-rich heterocycles constitute a family of high energy density materials (HEDMs) that have been developing intensively in recent years. A representative of this class is 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, a six-membered aromatic compound containing four nitrogen atoms in the ring. Many energetic compounds with this scaffold exhibit thermal stability, high density, and insensitivity to various stimuli, including friction, impact, and electrostatic discharge. This review presents methods for constructing 1,2,4,5-tetrazine precursors from acyclic reagents and describes their chemical modifications, leadin

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43

Zeng, Qun, Yanyang Qu, Jinshan Li, and Hui Huang. "A DFT study of five-membered nitrogen-containing fused heterocycles for insensitive highly energetic materials." RSC Advances 6, no. 80 (2016): 77005–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra11624h.

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44

Piguel, Sandrine, Marius Mamone, Jessy Aziz, and Julie Le Bescont. "Aminocarbonylation of N-Containing Heterocycles with Aromatic Amines Using Mo(CO)6." Synthesis 50, no. 07 (2018): 1521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1609152.

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We describe herein the palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with aniline derivatives using molybdenum hexacarbonyl as a CO solid source, expanding the scope of the limited examples. This method is compatible with a variety of substitutions on the aniline moiety. The simple reaction conditions include easily available Pd(dppf)Cl2 catalyst, DBU as base in DMF at 120 °C for 3 hours in sealed tube thereby leading to the isolation of 21 compounds with yields ranging from 18 to 82%. We also show that double aminocarbonylation reactions are possible in satisfacto

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de la Torre, Beatriz G., and Fernando Albericio. "The Pharmaceutical Industry in 2021. An Analysis of FDA Drug Approvals from the Perspective of Molecules." Molecules 27, no. 3 (2022): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27031075.

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Similar to last year, 2021 will be remembered for the COVID-19 pandemic. Although five vaccines have been approved by the two most important drug regulatory agencies, namely the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA), the pandemic has still not been brought under control. However, despite the context of a global pandemic, 2021 has been an excellent year with respect to drug approvals by the FDA. In 2021, 50 drugs have been authorized, making it the fourth-best year after 2018 (59 drugs) and 1996 and 2020 (53 each). Regarding biologics, 2021 has been the t

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Ma, Yecheng, Jinxiu Wang, Yang Liu, et al. "Nocardioides: “Specialists” for Hard-to-Degrade Pollutants in the Environment." Molecules 28, no. 21 (2023): 7433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217433.

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Nocardioides, a genus belonging to Actinomycetes, can endure various low-nutrient conditions. It can degrade pollutants using multiple organic materials such as carbon and nitrogen sources. The characteristics and applications of Nocardioides are described in detail in this review, with emphasis on the degradation of several hard-to-degrade pollutants by using Nocardioides, including aromatic compounds, hydrocarbons, haloalkanes, nitrogen heterocycles, and polymeric polyesters. Nocardioides has unique advantages when it comes to hard-to-degrade pollutants. Compared to other strains, Nocardioid

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de la Torre, Beatriz G., and Fernando Albericio. "The Pharmaceutical Industry in 2024: An Analysis of the FDA Drug Approvals from the Perspective of Molecules." Molecules 30, no. 3 (2025): 482. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30030482.

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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authorized 50 new drugs in 2024, which matches the average figure for recent years (2018–2023). The approval of 13 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) sets a new record, with these molecules accounting for more than 25% of all drugs authorized this year. Three proteins have been added to the list of biologics, and with the inclusion of four TIDES (two oligonucleotides and two peptides), only one in three approved drugs this year is a small molecule. As of 2023, no antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have reached the market this year. Two deuterated drugs ha

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Cheng, Yi, Junfang Mao, Zhe Bai, et al. "The Significant Contribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles to Light Absorption in the Winter North China Plain." Sustainability 15, no. 11 (2023): 8568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15118568.

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By quantifying the absorption of black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC) and the lensing effect, we found that BrC dominates the total absorption at 450 nm, and the largest absorption contribution proportion of BrC could reach 78.3% during heavy pollution. The average absorption enhancement (Eabs) at 530 nm was only 1.38, indicating that BC is not coated well here. The average value of the absorption Ångstrom exponent (AAE) between 450 nm and 530 nm was 5.3, suggesting a high concentration of BrC in Wangdu. CHN+ was the greatest contributor to the light absorption of molecules detected in MSOC w

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Bosica, Giovanna, Roderick Abdilla, Kaylie Demanuele, and Josef Fiteni. "Facile imine synthesis under green conditions using Amberlyst® 15." PeerJ Organic Chemistry 4 (August 9, 2022): e7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-ochem.7.

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Imines and their derivatives are of great interest to organic synthetic chemists due to their involvement as key intermediates which facilitate the construction of nitrogen heterocycles, particularly the formation of alkaloids. Imine formation by condensation of primary amines with aromatic aldehydes and cyclohexanone has been investigated under environmentally-friendly solventless heterogeneous catalysis. An array of different imines was obtained in excellent yields in appreciably short reaction times using Amberlyst® 15 as a heterogeneous catalyst. The latter was used owing to its high comme

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Kederienė, Vilija, Indrė Jaglinskaitė, Paulina Voznikaitė, et al. "Mild Copper-Catalyzed, l-Proline-Promoted Cross-Coupling of Methyl 3-Amino-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylate." Molecules 26, no. 22 (2021): 6822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226822.

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Cu-catalyzed N-arylation is a useful tool for the chemical modification of aromatic heterocycles. Herein, an efficient carbon–nitrogen cross-coupling of methyl 3-amino-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylate with a range of (hetero)aryl iodides using CuI, l-proline and Cs2CO3 in dioxane at moderate temperature is described. The procedure is an extremely general, relatively cheap, and experimentally simple way to afford the N-substituted products in moderate to high yields. The structures of the new heterocyclic compounds were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and HRMS investigation.

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