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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C. ; philosophe) – Morale“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C. ; philosophe) – Morale"
Bataillard, Marie-Christine. „La structure de la doctrine aristotélicienne des vertus éthiques“. Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040116.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAristotle's doctrine of the moral virtues is not a confuse illustration of his theory that virtue is a mean, but a problematisation of his ethics. The successive analysis of the method in which the virtues are exposed, then of the objective aspects (sphere of each virtue, nomber, ordrer), lastly of the subjective aspects (nature of the mean, vices, excess and defect) leads indeed to determinate two patterns of morality : on the one hand, the moral virtues point out the praise of a well-tempered character, disposed to fulfil the political rules ; on the other hand, they combine desire and reason so that they produce the objective mean (that is a perfect balance of circumstances) and so become not only good, but also noble. This double conception is neither a contradiction nor the sign of an evolution of aristotle's thought ; it must be conserved in the form of the fecund opposition between letter and spirit, this according to the structure of the aristotelian moral doctrine
Tavernier, Frédéric. „Structure d'une philosophie morale selon confucius et aristote“. Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040135.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRadoilska, Lubomira. „Du projet aristotélicien dans la philosophie morale“. Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis is to show the plausibility of a moral realism meeting the internalist requirement concerning moral reasons. Such a realist position finds support in the conception of practical rationality as a rationality of ends, implied in Aristotle’s ethics. Therefore I try to explicit an Aristotelian project in moral philosophy by discussing on the one hand questions of recent metaethics and on the other hand topics of Aristotelian philosophy. The first part explains some theoretical difficulties concerning the concepts of truth and objectivity in contemporary moral theory. The second analyses the Aristotelian epistemology, considering ethics as a legitimate field of knowledge. The third criticises the instrumental conception of practical rationality assumed by moral antirealism. The starting point of the argument of the last part is the Aristotelian concept of the inner finality of action. It allows to explicit a substantial conception of practical rationality according to which the cognitive and the motivational aspects of moral judgements are not mutually exclusive
Guremen, Refik. „L'homme, le plus politique des animaux : essai sur les "Politiques" d'Aristote, livre I, chapitre 2“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010678.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation is dedicated to an exclusive study of Aristotle's "Politics", I, 2. It aims at analyzing Aristotle's affirmation that human beings are more political than the other political animals (Pol., I, 1, 1253a7-9). According to the most widely shared views about Aristotle's argument here, human beings would be more political either because they are rational, or because they have a natural capacity for speech or because they are perceptive about questions of morality. According to the idea defended in this study, although these exclusively human features are not impertinent to the specific form that human beings' political life takes, human beings' higher degree of politicalness cannot be explained on the basis of them. After a detailed examination of certain difficulties and shortcomings in contemporary commentaries on Politics, l, 2, we develop the thesis that according to Aristotle, the human being is more political because it is a gregarious animal of multiple communities. For Aristotle, human beings develop this multiplicity of communities for the sake of self-sufficiency. In order to show that this thesis is in conformity with Aristotle's other main idea that the polis exists for the sake of living-well, we demonstrate that elements of a different conception of living-well, based more on human being's animality than its rnorality, are present in Aristotle’s work. Aristotle's affirmation that the polis exists for the sake of living-well must be understood in this rather zoological sense of living-well
Zhu, Weijia. „La diffusion et l'influence de la philosophie d'Aristote en Chine à partir des dynasties Ming et Qing“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the spread and the influence of Aristotle¡¯s ideas in China from the end of the Ming`s Dynasty to the contemporary period. The purpose of this research is to identify the interculturals impacts and to promote the understanding of the dialogues and the exchanges between European and Chinese native culture. It was of great importance to find out the translation of the works and also the specialized research on the philosophy of Aristotle in China. In addition, a comparative study on the philosophy of Aristotle and several major schools of thought in China in some areas, such as the ethics and the education of Confucius, the natural philosophy of Laozi, the logic of Mo Zi and the political thought of Han Feizi. At the end, we try to conclude with the considerable influence of Aristotle in several areas in China. This study is based on a wide series of documents we have got through in France and in China
Aluze, Vincent. „Rhétorique et politique dans les "Librorum deperditorum Fragmenta" d'Aristote : avec présentation, édition, traduction, annotations et commentaire des fragments relatifs à la rhétorique, à l'éthique et à la politique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3111.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis investigates the relationship between rhetoric, ethics and politics in the fragments of Aristotle’s lost works, and more globally its relation in Aristotle’s entire philosophy. This study intends to understand if Aristotle, in opposition to his predecessors, is the « inventor » of the rhetoric – to which he awards the value of technique with a proper methodology and object in the eponym treatise – from is early years works, or if his conception of it evolved in time. In doing so, and considering the ethico-political aspects of these lost works, the thesis discusses the main interpretative hypothesis that have been proposed on this subject in order to support the theory of Aristotle’s thought consistency, more than its evolution. The study stands in two main parts. The first one consists in the edition, the translation sometimes unprecedented in French language, and the annotation of Librorum deperditorum’s fragments related to rhetoric and politics, including the corresponding critical apparatus. The second inspects the consistency of Aristotle’s thought using the fragments’ comments and in comparison to the works of the sophists (Protagoras, Gorgias, Isocrates, Lycophron), of Plato (Gorgias, Phaedrus) and of the aristotelian treatises. To proceed, a lexical study of the vocabulary used by Aristotle, a philosophic analysis of a few main concepts (andreia, eleutheriotês, eugeneia, metron, orgê, phronêsis) justified by their presence in the fragments and the rest of the Corpus aristotelicum, and a comprehensive textual exegesis have been undertaken
Campbell, Matthieu. „Le plaisir dans la pensée d’Aristote : physiologie, essence, valeur et usage“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040069.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleI scrutinize Aristotle’s theory of pleasure by analysing the texts that define the concept as closely as can be, and by assessing the presuppositions and the stakes of this definition within Aristotle’s philosophy as a whole. My study is centred upon a commentary of Nicomachean Ethics X, 3-4 where the status of pleasure is enlightened with precision: located within a unique act of cognition (which is essentially a perfect and perpetual activity), pleasure is both an aspect that reveals our good functioning, and an incentive for us to keep it working in the exact same way. I explore the elements presupposed by this account, elucidating the opposition between “activity” (energeia) and process, and before, giving a new light to the formal features of the paradigm of a pleasant activity, i. e. perception, as it is conceived in the psychological treatises. I also explain how pleasures that do not follow this paradigm, i. e. bodily pleasures, are not seen by Aristotle as some effective pleasures at all. The last phase in this work is devoted to an assessment of the discourse on pleasure according to its aim: delivering to a teacher the knowledge he needs in order to produce virtues and happiness. I underline that, from the elements given by Aristotle, it is difficult, but necessary, to make a distinction between the pleasure one can feel at goodness and this very same goodness towards which one must strive. It is quite as difficult to conceive and evaluate all the forms of pleasure education has to regulate, as well as those that it must lead one to feel (pleasure deriving from the best practice, or from the best contemplation)
Nossenty, Julien. „La phronêsis : une philosophie morale et politique pour repenser le système technicien de santé et médico-social“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PESC2002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePolitics have decided that healthcare institutions must standardize their operating procedures and tend to become an industrial kind of organizations which promote maximal quality, sure well-being and focus on the risk management. Inhibited, hidden, concealed, the individual has become, within this health technostructure, an indicator, a marker of good quality, which we can show off at etablishments' entrance, on those same etablishments' websites, to highlight that quality reigns supreme here. But then, where does the individual stand in this organization ? What about his ideas? Does the individual still own some decision making power? The growth of risk management, technics, biotechnology and doctrine of the absolute quality call us out and remind us the significance of the Aristoltelian concept of « phronèsis ». Highlighting the « phronèsis » concept is necessary here as it puts the individual at the heart of the action and more specifically at the heart of caring to the vulnerable ones. Indeed, the « phronesis » helps us to not standardize the answer to the Individual, especially when this person is disabled or vulnerable. On the contrary, this philosophical and ethical approach gives way to a “praxis” of caring and bet-ter knowlege of the Individual himself. In this thesis, it is interesting to see how the “phronesis” can find its place from the initial caring to the vulnerability. Then, we will consider that it is not necessary to resort to medicalization to deal with handicap; most of the time, it is only a question of how we accept someone's fragility. Accepting means looking at the other as an Individual, considering his own personnality, his peculiarity. For healthcare and social & medical professionnals, caring for someone should mean leave him mak-ing decisions even if it leads to relax the pressure on standardized criterias from heathcare policies. Indeed, vulnerability and handicap are not quantifiable. Caring for a vulnerable individual also means commitment towards him, towards someboby who faces a pain, a personnal and special suffering. That is why, in this thesis, we will try to understand the standards, the norms and the conflict be-tween the wish of higher and higher quality of healthcare's offering and the medical professionnal who have to follow, sometimes reluctancy, a model denying the peculiarity of the Individual. The prupose of this thesis is to agree that the vulnerable people remains an Individual, who keeps the ability of choosing and deciding for his own life and for the support, the help given by the pro-fessionals. This sagacity offers us the possibilty of showing that the “phronesis” must lead the insti-tutions and the medical staff to a more concrete and fairer wisdom witch takes into account the vulnerable individual and recocgnize his importance.The purpose of this thesis is to agree that the vulnerable people remains an individual, who keeps the ability of choosing and deciding for his own life and for the support, the help given by the pro-fessionals. Can the principle of subsidiarity respond to this issue ?
Alcoloumbre, Thierry. „"Psychè" et "Nefesh" : les rapports de la psychologie et de la morale chez Aristote et Mai͏̈monide“. Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010674.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAristotle has not formed a definite notion of the human person, but has contributed to it's later development by describing what is specific to the human soul, namely the theoretical and practical foncti ons of the intellect. The human self is not only to be found in the actualization of knowledge but also in practical realizations, either artifacts or moral actions, the latter deriving from moral goodness. Happiness, understood as the fulfillment of human finality, will consequently depend on our decision, within the bounds of our nature, but one happens to fail either by misfortune or for lack of a proper direction. Maïmonides applies his peripatetic views to interprete the jewish anthropology; intellect turns to be what bible calls the "image" of good. But Maïmonides gets rid of aristotle on the main points of his theology: intellection leads to the knowledge of god's unity and will, laying the foundations of a theodicy; moral improvement is necessary to the reach of prophecy, which is the very accomplishment of mond; above all, Torah is a revealed law, and the key to moral accomplishment
Zhu, Weijia. „La diffusion et l'influence de la philosophie d'Aristote en Chine à partir des dynasties Ming et Qing“. Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the spread and the influence of Aristotle¡¯s ideas in China from the end of the Ming`s Dynasty to the contemporary period. The purpose of this research is to identify the interculturals impacts and to promote the understanding of the dialogues and the exchanges between European and Chinese native culture. It was of great importance to find out the translation of the works and also the specialized research on the philosophy of Aristotle in China. In addition, a comparative study on the philosophy of Aristotle and several major schools of thought in China in some areas, such as the ethics and the education of Confucius, the natural philosophy of Laozi, the logic of Mo Zi and the political thought of Han Feizi. At the end, we try to conclude with the considerable influence of Aristotle in several areas in China. This study is based on a wide series of documents we have got through in France and in China