Dissertationen zum Thema „Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C. ; philosophe) – Influence – Chine“
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Zhu, Weijia. „La diffusion et l'influence de la philosophie d'Aristote en Chine à partir des dynasties Ming et Qing“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the spread and the influence of Aristotle¡¯s ideas in China from the end of the Ming`s Dynasty to the contemporary period. The purpose of this research is to identify the interculturals impacts and to promote the understanding of the dialogues and the exchanges between European and Chinese native culture. It was of great importance to find out the translation of the works and also the specialized research on the philosophy of Aristotle in China. In addition, a comparative study on the philosophy of Aristotle and several major schools of thought in China in some areas, such as the ethics and the education of Confucius, the natural philosophy of Laozi, the logic of Mo Zi and the political thought of Han Feizi. At the end, we try to conclude with the considerable influence of Aristotle in several areas in China. This study is based on a wide series of documents we have got through in France and in China
Zhu, Weijia. „La diffusion et l'influence de la philosophie d'Aristote en Chine à partir des dynasties Ming et Qing“. Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the spread and the influence of Aristotle¡¯s ideas in China from the end of the Ming`s Dynasty to the contemporary period. The purpose of this research is to identify the interculturals impacts and to promote the understanding of the dialogues and the exchanges between European and Chinese native culture. It was of great importance to find out the translation of the works and also the specialized research on the philosophy of Aristotle in China. In addition, a comparative study on the philosophy of Aristotle and several major schools of thought in China in some areas, such as the ethics and the education of Confucius, the natural philosophy of Laozi, the logic of Mo Zi and the political thought of Han Feizi. At the end, we try to conclude with the considerable influence of Aristotle in several areas in China. This study is based on a wide series of documents we have got through in France and in China
Brague, Rémi. „Aristote et la question du monde“. Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSome aspects of aristotle's metaphysics, physics, ethics and psychology can be accounted for as dim echoes of a concept a. Never dealt with thematically : being-in-theworld (heidegger's in-der-welt-sein). Classical greek though as a whole, although it was fascinated by the orderliness of the cosmos, hardly asked what being-in-the world means (ch. 1). The experience of facticity, which is one of its main features, enables a. To justify philosophical life in the protrepticus, but he conceives of this life as focussing on contemplation, i. E. Access to what emphatically is (ch. 2). A. Never got rid of this ambiguity, which arises from such a transposition : his ethics bear witness of his hesitating between two subjects of moral life : the i whom it behoves to act, because of his uniqueness, gives way to man as defined by his place among other parts of the universe (ch. 3 & 4). A. Therefore has to define man as the worldliest of all sublunar beings : he imitates the universe thanks to his universality and because he can grasp the highest beings (ch. 5). Nevertheless, a. Cannot define topos - the place in which things are - without his referring to our paculiar way of being there, although he later brings back the idea of universe through his theory of the dimensions of human body as rooted in the objective structure of the cosmos (ch. 6). The difficulties in a. "s definition of the soul as well as in his doctrine of the active intellect stem from his attempt at translating what he silently conceives of as the vey openness of the world through our presence, into the optics of worddly realitywhat compels him to reduce soul to consciousness of what takes place among things of the world. (ch. 7). A. Conceives the universe in a way which leads him to dis- card specifically human motion on behalf of the heavenly beings' absolute continuity. However, the first mover's self-contemplation mirrors the unresolved ambiguity of hu- man energeia : both the pure act of being there and the activity of contemplating the highest being coalesce in it (ch. 8). However, a. 's central ontological concept, en- ergeia, cannot be defined apart from the experience of our being there (ch. 9)
Viano, Cristina. „Héraclite dans Aristote“. Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040138.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe subject of this research is heraclitus' aristotelician source. The conceptual schemas through which aristotle exposes the ephesian's doctrine consist of two main themes one can also find in plato : being and becoming. Heraclitus is an ancient physiologist and according to him fire is the material cause and the arche (the principe of all beings). The choice of fire seems to distinguish him as "the most coherent" with monist vision of reality. In fact aristotle says that caracteristics of fire are extreme and belont more to form than to matter. Continuously all things have their origin in fire and come back to him. This becoming looks like a river stream. The only "persisting" thing is fire. Heraclitus' knowledge and ethics are in his physiology of fire. The resulting image is a total thought without qualitative breaks. Aristotle offen alludes to the heracliteans' mediation, of whose cratylus is the most representative. Heraclitismus appears as a theoretical involution : cratylus forgets ontological element of arche and makes absolue the river's speed and renonces to knowledge and to words. Heraclitus' sceptical interpretation begins in aristotle's source. The doctrine of becoming follows an ideal line which begins in poetical past, reaches his hight speculative level in heraclitus, and falls into decline with heracliteans' agnosticism, the echos of whose will get to sceptics
Girard, Charles. „Le réalisme des relations : étude des réponses apportées au problème de la différence entre la relation et son fondement (1250-1350)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhether relation is really distinct from its foundation or not is a question that can easily be found in medieval texts from the mid-thirteenth century onwards. It comes from an aristotelian background, the discussion about the categories, and asks if the category of relation really posits another thing, i.e. a relation, in reality. It results from a realist perspective on relations. In fact, most thirteenth and fourteenth century thinkers held without doubt that things outside the mind are really connected between them. Two men sharing the same height are really equal, that is, really linked to each other by a relation of equality. What is then left to understand is how these things are linked between them, or the exact nature of the aforementioned relation. Should we say that the equality in each of the equally sized men is a new thing that adds to the substance of each of them and to the accidents of height, belonging tho the category of quantity, on which these relations are founded? Or should we say that equality is real in another way, that is, without adding a new thing to the subject acquiring it? We can already find this issue in Aristotle himself, emerging from disagreeing texts devoted to this category. It received various answers that enable us to understand better how reality was defined in the Middle Age and some of the ontological debates of the time. The work that is here summed up attempts to precisely delineate these various answers and to provide a way of classifying them
Manzini, Frédéric. „Spinoza : lecteur d'Aristote“. Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040157.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleYokoyama, Yoshiji. „La grâce et l’art du comédien : conditions théoriques de l’exclusion de la danse et du chant dans le théâtre des Modernes“. Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter the Renaissance a unique theatre genre gradually developed in certain modern societies (in particular in France) which excluded singing and dancing. The aim of my study is to clarify the motivations and significance of this exclusion through an analysis of the historical development of the notion of "grace", a central concept in the modern actor's art. In sociological terms, my conclusion is simple: an actor in modern theatre refrained from dancing and singing because his mode) was the Roman orator, not ancient Roman actors who sang and danced. The Roman notion of gratia represented the orator's body, which strived to be as far removed as possible from that of professionals of physical techniques. The ideology of Roman rhetoric made its way into the modern actor's art through theatrical practices that were carried out in the framework of a humanist education, "reviving" ancient theatre in a totally different form. The history of the idea is more complex, however. Whereas, in the Archaic Period, the notion of grace - kharis in Greek - represented the charm of dance and song, in the later Hellenistic Period it embodied the Aristotelian critique of the spectacular. Gratia in Roman rhetoric received this paradoxical history as its legacy. "Grace" to the moderns was based on the theatrical mode) of truth established by Aristotle. In this sense, modern theatre is a vector of the Aristotelian morphology of the truth: the truth is told when the body remains Bilent
Zhang, Yijing. „Traduire l’impensé, penser l’intraduisible. La première traduction chinoise des Catégories d’Aristote“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040119.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAristotle’s Categories is one of the first Western philosophical texts translated into Chinese. Since Jesuit missionaries introduced scientific thoughts into China in the 17th century, Chinese literati have shown a strong interest in the demonstration method that was originated in Aristotelian logic. This dissertation presents a detailed study of the Chinese translation Ming li tan, with the aim of addressing several issues on the relationship between language and thought. Chapter 1 is an overview of the historical and cultural environment in which the translation took place. Chapter 2 presents our approach to comparative philosophy. Chapter 3 discusses the translation of the title “Ming li tan”. The term “ming li” is used as a translation of the word “logic”, but is actually composed of terms referring to Chinese philosophical doctrines which deal with problems fundamentally different from those of the Aristotelian logic. Chapters 4 and 5 provide a detailed commentary of the Chinese translation of the first chapter of Categories, focusing in particular on three notions: homonym, synonym and paronym. We conclude our work with a discussion on the translation of the verb “to be” and its derivatives (e.g., being, substance), and explain the reasoning behind its various Chinese renditions. Our central claim is that what is lost in translation is less the literal meaning of word “to be” than its syntax and the way of thinking underlying the use of this word. The focus on translation provides a unique approach to studying linguistic relativism and linguistic and cultural pluralism. A good understanding of these issues is crucial for improving the intercultural dialogue
Yang, Jing. „Traductologie, linguistique,culture : recherches sur des perspectives interculturelles relatives à l'héritage de l'Europe et de la Chine“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBegin with a synthesis on the relations between the evolution of language, the culture and the translation, this thesis aims to establish a recherche regarding the effects of the target culture in influencing the choice of translation strategies. Selected for a contrastive purpose, three topics of cultural exchanges are discussed in the thesis. The nominal and cultural studies of the three topics from a comparative view then paved the path of the thesis towards the analysis with reference to the methods of translation under the influence of cultural ideology
Rua, Zarauza Begoña. „Ricoeur. L'historicité de la liberté“. Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0185.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA wide preface opens this work, therefore, to explain Ricceur's major philosophical presuppositions about the question of freedom. 1) Chapters I and II are devoted to show the theoretical assumptions of Ricosur about freedom and 2) Chapters III, IV and V are the development and implementation of such presuppositions. Moreover, an important part of the work is built around what I consider as his three masterpieces: The Rule of Metaphor, Time and Narrative and Oneself as Another. Starting from the presuppositions treated on the preface and on chapters I and II, these works attain its unity in relation to historicity of freedom. It is thus concluded that it is not a matter of freedom restricted to its essential characteristics, but to the understanding of what freedom is in the world, among human works (namely the most important, the work's written such as laws, literature, history, holy books. . . ), and what it is in time. It is also understood the turning point of contemporary philosophy to hermeneutics, to textual hermeneutics in the case of Ricceur, and how convincing is that stories have a cognitive aspect completely legitimate. Finally, if there is an expression of Ricceur that evokes this issue in all its density is as follows: "Everything that is recounted occurs in time, takes time and unfolds temporally. " ("De l'lnterpretation" Du texte a Taction, Ed. Poche "Points-Essais, 377", Paris, Seuil, 1998)
El, Hachimi Lucile. „Métaphysique et perfection : l’articulation fārābīenne du théorique et du pratique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL111.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD thesis is a study of the thought of al-Fārābī, the first of the main Aristotelian Arabic philosophers, and presents it as a systematic philosophy of realisation. Starting with the problematic crux of the articulation between the theoretical and the practical, it questions the totalizing unification that characterizes the “Second Master’s” work. Our hypothesis is that this realisation, both in its intensive form as completion and its extensive form as integration, takes place through a redefinition of two (neo-)Aristotelian concepts: metaphysics and perfection. These two notions, that al-Fārābī transforms in order to offer answers to tensions proper to the Aristotelian positions, lead to an original philosophical system. The notion of fiṭra, which defines the Fārābīan human figure, is based on Alexander of Aphrodisias’ essentialist interpretation of perfection. It enables an elaboration of human nature as a disposition in the logic of substantialization. With this new concept, al-Fārābī inscribes a dynamic at the heart of the substance while rendering its completion essential. From this foundational step, he erects a genuine practical science built around the deliberative virtue and the rules it produces. This is only possible through major ontological transformations: thus the concept of thing appears, as well as the formal ontology it enables and the distinction between essence and existence which it presupposes. Through his substantialization, the philosopher offers everyone their realisation in the form of religion, so that his political action enables the architectonic integration of all existents, hence showing what it is to be a principle
Boulègue, Laurence, und Agostino Nifo. „Le De amore d'Agostino Nifo : édition, traduction et commentaire“. Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040188.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNūṣīrī, Muḥammad. „Le Burhān d'Avenpace“. Bordeaux 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR30010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDi, Martino Carla. „"Ratio particularis". Immaginazione, cogitativa ed estimativa da Ibn Sînâ a Tommaso d'Aquino : Contributo allo studio della tradizione arabo-latina della psicologia di Aristotele“. Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThrough an aware methodological choice, this study has been organized following two different ways: the first one deals with the history of texts, and it studies the Arabic and Latin tradition of Aristotle’s psychological works, i. E. “De Anima” and “Parva Naturalia” ; the second way deals with a doctrinal history and it studies how these works were interpreted and both the direct (exegesis) and indirect (psychological traits) reactions to the doctrines that were in these works. The precise awareness of the influence of the Arabic psychological science, especially Ibn Sînâ / Avicenna and Ibn Rushd / Averroes, to the themes of the Latin psychological tradition, originally Augustinian, and also of the integration of the three traditions, i. E. The Augustinian one, the Arabic ones and that of Aristotle, in the Albert and Aquina’s works, which are two excellent representatives of the Latin philosophical theories of the 13th century, is the first important result of this work. The historical and doctrinal framing of very important concepts in the arabo-latin lexicon that is “intention”, memory, Spiritual Form, “reditio”, “ratio particularis” and the study of their integration onto the Latin philosophy is the second result. This study is nothing but a contribution to the study of the arabo-latin tradition of the Aristotle’s psychology. It is the first contribution to a more general picture, to which I hope to keep on contributing with my own studies, to rediscover our medieval origins both Christian, Jewish or Islamic, since the history of thought is above al a human history: we cannot channel it in a fixed route and, least of all, try to stop it
Arli, Merve. „La matière, l'âme et le monde dans la critique aristotélicienne du Timée de Platon“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA01H205.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation aims to examine Aristotle’s reading of Plato's Timaeus. In accordance with this objective, many questions on universe, nature, matter, soul, movement, already addressed in the Timaeus, are re-raised in the main areas of Aristotle’s studies. We therefore devote a great deal of attention to the analysis of each of these concepts. It deals with the comparison between the Timaeus as Aristotle presents it and the text of Plato, in order to analyze and expose the way in which Aristotle relates to Plato in the development of his own philosophy. These references are sometimes in the order of citation; sometimes also of the order of explicit criticism, but also implicit, when the Aristotelian text is based on what Plato has already expressed without citing it, nor criticizing it openly. According to the idea held in this study, the Stagirite does not systematically read the Timaeus literally. When he criticizes Plato, it is not always in order to confirm his own philosophical position. We have shown that this reading is above all a work of distinction between essential concepts such as matter, place, etc. In doing so, Aristotle systematizes Plato's thought, which was based on the likely account about the genesis of the cosmos
Cordonier, Valérie. „Les formes de l'auctoritas : lieux d'émergences d'un "averroïsme théologique" dans la lecture thomasienne de Maïmonide, d'Avicenne et d'Averroès sur la science du premier moteur“. Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study gives a detailed analysis of the various forms adopted by the authorities of Aristotle, Avicenna, Averroes and Maimonides in the work of Thomas Aquinas. A particularly interesting topic for such an analysis is that of the divine science. So, as starting point of my study, i compile a full list of texts related to this question. On this basis, i proceed to analyse these passages, comparing them with its implicit or explicit sources by the Greek, Arabic and Jewish predecessors of Thomas in the aristotelian tradition. The particular treatment imposed on these texts displays significant differences in various phases of Aquinas' career, that i try to compare with the very different approach of such authorities by Albertus Magnus. In this way, this study will establish an evolution in the thomasian attitude toward these thinkers, and try to relate it to the intellectual context of this time, particularly to the articles in the condemnations of 1270 and 1277 concerning divine science, providence and knowledge of the future contingents
Raffray, Matthieu. „« De Relativis » : La doctrine des relatifs jusqu’aux synthèses d’Albert le Grand et de Thomas d’Aquin“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040095.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe primacy of relation is a fundamental characteristic of contemporary philosophies as well as recent evolutions of Christian theology: the goal of this study is to describe the first developments of the notion of relation up to the great theological synthesis of the 13th century, in order to evaluate the historical foundations and the conceptual validity of the contemporary “relationalisms”. After studying the birth of the ontology of relative beings by Plato and Aristotle, as well as through the ambiguities of their transmissions, we show how the theologians of Antiquity exploited those philosophical sources using two models: the “differentiated attribution” with Augustine, and the “differentiated accidentality” with Boethius. During the 12th century, those two antique models became in their turns the origin of a change of paradigm on the problem of predicatio in divinis, from Gilbert of Poitiers to Peter Lombard. We then center our study on the sentential synthesis of Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas, who both exploited the notion of relation as a key-element of a united and well-structured description of their theological thought. Albert uses a typical Aristotelian notion of relation as a tool for building a coherent and rational theology; Thomas develops those albertian intuitions and organizes a well-ordered view of the World in its relations to God, whose condition, contrary to many thomistic interpretations, is a strictly accidental conception of the relative beings. At the end of this historical path, we will then have shown the Platonist temptation which constitutes the conceptual source of the contemporary “relationalisms”
Lamrani, Lila. „La psychologie aristotélicienne dans l'Islam classique : traduction et commentaire de l'Épître sur le retour d'Avicenne“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040199.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAvicenna’s Risala al-adhawiya fi al-ma`ad, dealing with the question of Return to life once death has occurred, comes up with various original theses that do not appear in Avicenna’s other writings. The Return cannot affect the body : it is indeed dedicated to souls inasmuch as the essence of man lies in his soul. Bodies get corrupted once and for all when death occurs. The Quran has nothing to do with a demonstrative text, it is a rhetorical text that aims at provoking in its readers the appropriate moral behaviour. It is therefore impossible to deduce from the repeated coranic assertion saying that bodies will come back to life that bodies will effectively resurrect. If in the physical world there is a plurality of souls, it is only because of the multiplicity of the corporeal matter that receives them. If souls have to survive independently from bodies that allow their individuation, how then could they individually exist ? There will not be any individual existence of souls in the hereafter, but a Return of these souls to the Principle (the Agent Intellect, or, at last, the First Principle, God) from which they emanate : therefore souls resorb in their origin and do not have any separate existence. It is an absolute Return
Hatakeyama, Kana. „La faute dans la tragédie française du XVIIe siècle“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this doctoral thesis is to study the French tragedy in the seventeenth century researching into the notion of tragic flaw, hamartia, and to show the originality and the diversity of the French classical tragedy. This notion, commented by Aristotle in "Poetics" originally differs from either an intentional crime or an accidental one. The tragic flaw presupposes the participation of an agent without denying the presence of fortuity. Although a tragic hero is responsible for his misfortune, as it proceeded from his fault, the result exceeds his intention. And this disparity between intention and misfortune makes the audience feel compassion for the hero suffering from his misfortune. If this compassion is one of the emotions caused only by tragedies, the tragic flaw constitutes in this respect an essential element of tragedy. But is the concept of fault identical in the Christendom society of the seventeenth century? To answer this question, I deal with the tragedies of seven dramaturges, Alexandre Hardy, Pierre Du Ryer, Jean Rotrou, Tristan L’Hermite, Pierre Corneille, Jean Racine and Jean-Galbert de Campistron, to cover the seventeenth century. In the first section of this work, I examine the notion of fault in the theoretical texts. The second section consists in studying the tragic figure. The third section is about the nature of the fault, the private fault and the politic fault. The fourth section concerns the status of fault on the dramaturgical level, before examining moral questions in the final section. This work reveals the importance of Aristotle’s Poetics in the French tragedy of the seventeenth century
Malard, Constance. „Un Banquet aristotélicien : la renaissance de l’aristotélisme dans les Dialogues d’Amour de Léon l’Hébreu (env. 1465-1525)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL135.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn spite of the radical title of this work on the Dialogues of Love between Philo and Sophia, written in toscan language and for which I offer an extract of a new French translation, I do not intend to deny what Leone medico Hebreo (Yehuda Abravanel, 1465-1525) owed to medieval Judeo-Platonism and Florentine Neoplatonism. The goal here rather becomes to insist in sharp contrast on his Aristotelian legacy and to take into account the polemical context of this inspiration : I want to suggest that Aristotle is a way of moving beyond the Ficinian reading of Plato’s Convivio. In fact, these « disputes on love », to use the title of the Hebrew version, may be a real « Aristotelian Symposium », that is an erotic reflection of Platonic appearance but actually based on several aspects of Aristotle’s logic, ethic and physical theories. This is in any case the first thesis I want to defend. However, I don’t intend to suggest that this is a faithful rendition of the Aristotelian teachings. First, because I think that Leone Ebreo’s philosophical value is precisely in his creative use of this authority. Then, because such a reference brings with it various Latin and Arab-Jewish interpretative traditions which superimpose cosmologic, noetic and theological controversies to Aristotle’s thought. Lastly, because these speculative debates, transposed in an erotic context, are rephrased and resolved differently. It is to this « Renaissance Aristotelanism » that I attempt to be attentive. More specifically, I want to show that the Dialogues of love take back and renew the Aristotelian/Maimonidean paradigm of the Guide for the Perplexed. Therefore, this dissertation is about examining both the impact of Aristotle’s references on a lover’s discourse and, conversely, the efficiency of the erotic scheme in the way of solving the problems from Aristotle’s treatises