Dissertationen zum Thema „Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C. ; philosophe) – Critique et interprétation – 13e siècle“
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Cordonier, Valérie. „Les formes de l'auctoritas : lieux d'émergences d'un "averroïsme théologique" dans la lecture thomasienne de Maïmonide, d'Avicenne et d'Averroès sur la science du premier moteur“. Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study gives a detailed analysis of the various forms adopted by the authorities of Aristotle, Avicenna, Averroes and Maimonides in the work of Thomas Aquinas. A particularly interesting topic for such an analysis is that of the divine science. So, as starting point of my study, i compile a full list of texts related to this question. On this basis, i proceed to analyse these passages, comparing them with its implicit or explicit sources by the Greek, Arabic and Jewish predecessors of Thomas in the aristotelian tradition. The particular treatment imposed on these texts displays significant differences in various phases of Aquinas' career, that i try to compare with the very different approach of such authorities by Albertus Magnus. In this way, this study will establish an evolution in the thomasian attitude toward these thinkers, and try to relate it to the intellectual context of this time, particularly to the articles in the condemnations of 1270 and 1277 concerning divine science, providence and knowledge of the future contingents
Mora, Márquez María. „Théories de la signification dans la deuxième moitié du XIIIe siècle : le portrait d'une rupture dans la tradition interprétative du peri hermeneias“. Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010690.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleValdivia, Fuenzalida José Antonio. „La démonstration selon Thomas d’Aquin. Une étude sur la réception des Seconds Analytiques au XIIIème siècle“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis is to reconstruct the set of theoretical questionings supposed by the authors who participate in Posterior Analytics’ reception during the 13th century. Considering that the doctrine contained in this Aristotle’s work is difficult to interpret in a systematical approach is inevitable that its progressive reception would have been guided by metaphysics and epistemological questionings, partially shared by these authors. The present research is an attempt to track down these questionings, with the objective of proposing a systematic reconstruction of the theory contained in the commentaries of the Posterior Analytics during that period. This systematic reconstruction offers a unified vision of the aspects assessed in this investigation. This due to the identification of a general question which would determine the orientation of specific ones. Thomas Aquinas is the author about whom most of the analyses are focused. But always considering the aim of comprehending questions which guide all this tradition of comments, two other comments have been studied: Robert Grosseteste and Alberto the Great. The thesis proposed is that the Posterior Analytics’ reception during the 13th century, reflects an attempt to answer the following question: which characteristics must a perfect knowledge possess? In accordance with this thesis, the doctrines developed in commentaries regarding this Aristotle’s work did not seek to propose a method of true knowledge of reality. The properties of a demonstration, regarding its shape and content of the propositions that compose it, would describe an ideal of perfect knowledge
Hatakeyama, Kana. „La faute dans la tragédie française du XVIIe siècle“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this doctoral thesis is to study the French tragedy in the seventeenth century researching into the notion of tragic flaw, hamartia, and to show the originality and the diversity of the French classical tragedy. This notion, commented by Aristotle in "Poetics" originally differs from either an intentional crime or an accidental one. The tragic flaw presupposes the participation of an agent without denying the presence of fortuity. Although a tragic hero is responsible for his misfortune, as it proceeded from his fault, the result exceeds his intention. And this disparity between intention and misfortune makes the audience feel compassion for the hero suffering from his misfortune. If this compassion is one of the emotions caused only by tragedies, the tragic flaw constitutes in this respect an essential element of tragedy. But is the concept of fault identical in the Christendom society of the seventeenth century? To answer this question, I deal with the tragedies of seven dramaturges, Alexandre Hardy, Pierre Du Ryer, Jean Rotrou, Tristan L’Hermite, Pierre Corneille, Jean Racine and Jean-Galbert de Campistron, to cover the seventeenth century. In the first section of this work, I examine the notion of fault in the theoretical texts. The second section consists in studying the tragic figure. The third section is about the nature of the fault, the private fault and the politic fault. The fourth section concerns the status of fault on the dramaturgical level, before examining moral questions in the final section. This work reveals the importance of Aristotle’s Poetics in the French tragedy of the seventeenth century
Boulègue, Laurence, und Agostino Nifo. „Le De amore d'Agostino Nifo : édition, traduction et commentaire“. Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040188.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChâteauvieux, Marie de. „Justice et amitié selon Aristote“. Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040100.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJaulin, Annick. „Genre, genèse et génération : de l'ousia prôtè chez Aristote“. Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010529.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSouchard, Bertrand. „Aristote, de la physique à la métaphysique, réceptivité et causalité“. Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOL004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLemaire, Juliette. „La contradiction chez Aristote : analyse et problèmes“. Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100088.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAristotle is supposed to be the inventor of the concept of contradiction: contradiction is the opposition between propositions. But, the analysis of the Aristotelian Corpus shows that contradiction may be close to equivocity: contradiction is one of the four ways of saying " to be opposite ", and contradiction is one of the ways propositions oppose each other. How to link the fourfold classification of the different meanings of opposition with the distinction between opposing propositions? Are they complementary or competing divisions? Why is contrariety so close to contradiction? After the study of the texts using and defining contradiction, this thesis presents an analysis of Metaphysics Gamma. Aristotle is facing those who deny the principle of noncontradiction. Besides the nature and the different stages of his argumentation, its analysis leads to discuss the question of a plurality of principles of non-contradiction
Brague, Rémi. „Aristote et la question du monde“. Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSome aspects of aristotle's metaphysics, physics, ethics and psychology can be accounted for as dim echoes of a concept a. Never dealt with thematically : being-in-theworld (heidegger's in-der-welt-sein). Classical greek though as a whole, although it was fascinated by the orderliness of the cosmos, hardly asked what being-in-the world means (ch. 1). The experience of facticity, which is one of its main features, enables a. To justify philosophical life in the protrepticus, but he conceives of this life as focussing on contemplation, i. E. Access to what emphatically is (ch. 2). A. Never got rid of this ambiguity, which arises from such a transposition : his ethics bear witness of his hesitating between two subjects of moral life : the i whom it behoves to act, because of his uniqueness, gives way to man as defined by his place among other parts of the universe (ch. 3 & 4). A. Therefore has to define man as the worldliest of all sublunar beings : he imitates the universe thanks to his universality and because he can grasp the highest beings (ch. 5). Nevertheless, a. Cannot define topos - the place in which things are - without his referring to our paculiar way of being there, although he later brings back the idea of universe through his theory of the dimensions of human body as rooted in the objective structure of the cosmos (ch. 6). The difficulties in a. "s definition of the soul as well as in his doctrine of the active intellect stem from his attempt at translating what he silently conceives of as the vey openness of the world through our presence, into the optics of worddly realitywhat compels him to reduce soul to consciousness of what takes place among things of the world. (ch. 7). A. Conceives the universe in a way which leads him to dis- card specifically human motion on behalf of the heavenly beings' absolute continuity. However, the first mover's self-contemplation mirrors the unresolved ambiguity of hu- man energeia : both the pure act of being there and the activity of contemplating the highest being coalesce in it (ch. 8). However, a. 's central ontological concept, en- ergeia, cannot be defined apart from the experience of our being there (ch. 9)
Tavernier, Frédéric. „Structure d'une philosophie morale selon confucius et aristote“. Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040135.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLefebvre, René. „La ressemblance chez Aristote“. Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040115.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIt seems that the place of likeness is less important in Aristotle than in Plato and pre-Socratic philosophy: paradigmatism, cratylism, presocratic dynamics or fascination for pseudos and eidola are dead. However, even while breaking, Aristotle goes on speaking of the resemblance of the opposites, and of the likeness of forms in the perceived thing and the perceiving mind. More, he makes likeness become a semantic theme of henology, and lets it go on trying to unify the world, qua analogy in horizontality, and vertical mimesis in cosmo-theology. Dialectic considers it as an indispensable organon of definition, induction and hypothetical reasoning. Thoughts are called homoiomata, and Aristotle discovers phantasia. Contra Plato, he understands what is valuable in poetical mimesis. As a biologist, he stresses upon the resemblance between parents and children, because he considers that reproduction is the perpetuation of a type
Zingano, Marco Antonio de Avila. „Vertu et délibération : une étude de la notion de prohairesis chez Aristote“. Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHESA311.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe concept of prohairesis (choice) is one of the most important in aristotle's ethics. This thesis is divided into three chapters : the first one introduces the concepts of reason and practical reason; the second one discusses ethical choice and ethical virtue; the third and last one, which serves as a conclusion, deals with the meaning of happiness and the types of life in aristotle's ethics
Martínez, Lucía. „La théorie du rêve chez Aristote : principes physiologiques et psychologiques“. Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040152.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCrubellier, Michel. „Il libro Lambda della Metafisica di Aristotele“. Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleValdivia, Fuenzalida José Antonio. „La démonstration selon Thomas d’Aquin. Une étude sur la réception des Seconds Analytiques au XIIIème siècle“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis is to reconstruct the set of theoretical questionings supposed by the authors who participate in Posterior Analytics’ reception during the 13th century. Considering that the doctrine contained in this Aristotle’s work is difficult to interpret in a systematical approach is inevitable that its progressive reception would have been guided by metaphysics and epistemological questionings, partially shared by these authors. The present research is an attempt to track down these questionings, with the objective of proposing a systematic reconstruction of the theory contained in the commentaries of the Posterior Analytics during that period. This systematic reconstruction offers a unified vision of the aspects assessed in this investigation. This due to the identification of a general question which would determine the orientation of specific ones. Thomas Aquinas is the author about whom most of the analyses are focused. But always considering the aim of comprehending questions which guide all this tradition of comments, two other comments have been studied: Robert Grosseteste and Alberto the Great. The thesis proposed is that the Posterior Analytics’ reception during the 13th century, reflects an attempt to answer the following question: which characteristics must a perfect knowledge possess? In accordance with this thesis, the doctrines developed in commentaries regarding this Aristotle’s work did not seek to propose a method of true knowledge of reality. The properties of a demonstration, regarding its shape and content of the propositions that compose it, would describe an ideal of perfect knowledge
Gain, Frédéric. „Logos et genesis : étude sur les modalités d'une approche rationnelle du devenir chez Platon et Aristote“. Lille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL30034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDorion, Louis-André. „Les réfutations sophistiques d'Aristote : introduction, traduction et commentaire“. Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010535.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis on the sophistical refutations of Aristotle is divided into three main sections: an introduction, a translation and a commentary. The introduction subdivides itself in two parts; in the first part we relate the semantic evolution of the term elenchus ("refutation"). This evolution is altogether remarkable as this word originally signifies "shame". We attempt to demonstrate that Aristotle’s' definition of elenchus is a radical break from the traditional conception that had prevailed from homer to Plato inclusively. Aristotle’s' definition, which is purely logical, is in fact opposed to an ethical conception of elenchus. Next we submit an overall view of the sophistical refutations and examine in detail the main interpretative problems that arise in this text. Our translation of the sophistical refutations differs in several places from the two other French translations of this essay, both the one by J. Barthelemy Saint-Hilaire (1843) and the one by J. Tricot (1939). The commentary is composed of 472 notes attempting to confer a maximum of clarity to this often difficult text by Aristotle. It fills a blatant void, since the last overall study of the sophistical refutations goes back to 1866
Kim, Heon. „Logoi devant la foule : la rhétorique et la poétique selon Aristote“. Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the Aristotelian philosophy, the rhetoric and the poetics are part of the productive science. The philosopher endeavars to give the theoretical base to the practice in the two verbal creations. .
Song, Dae-Hyeon. „La critique par Aristote du non-être (to mê on) chez Platon“. Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010540.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSohn, Yun-Rak. „Hylê au seuil de l’ontologie : une recherche sur l’Etre et la matière chez Aristote“. Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040098.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDealing with the notion of matter in Aristotle, this thesis takes a critical regard to the traditional interpretation that considers the problem of matter as a burden on the Aristotelian ontology. In effect, the charge on this theory is caused not only by matter but by the fact that it has a frame of hylomorphism. The study begins by seizing a strange concept in Metaphysics Z 3, the matter qua subject, and this qua substance, from which issue two puzzling questions : that of prime matter and of substantial predication. The author makes an analysis on passages of the Categories, and enlarges his research in Aristotle’s texts of natural philosophy such as the Physics, On the Heavens, and On generation and corruption, and will return in the Metaphysics for an attempt to answer some important ontological questions
Labarrière, Jean-Louis. „L'intelligence et la vie des animaux selon Aristote“. Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleViano, Cristina. „Héraclite dans Aristote“. Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040138.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe subject of this research is heraclitus' aristotelician source. The conceptual schemas through which aristotle exposes the ephesian's doctrine consist of two main themes one can also find in plato : being and becoming. Heraclitus is an ancient physiologist and according to him fire is the material cause and the arche (the principe of all beings). The choice of fire seems to distinguish him as "the most coherent" with monist vision of reality. In fact aristotle says that caracteristics of fire are extreme and belont more to form than to matter. Continuously all things have their origin in fire and come back to him. This becoming looks like a river stream. The only "persisting" thing is fire. Heraclitus' knowledge and ethics are in his physiology of fire. The resulting image is a total thought without qualitative breaks. Aristotle offen alludes to the heracliteans' mediation, of whose cratylus is the most representative. Heraclitismus appears as a theoretical involution : cratylus forgets ontological element of arche and makes absolue the river's speed and renonces to knowledge and to words. Heraclitus' sceptical interpretation begins in aristotle's source. The doctrine of becoming follows an ideal line which begins in poetical past, reaches his hight speculative level in heraclitus, and falls into decline with heracliteans' agnosticism, the echos of whose will get to sceptics
Richard, Christophe. „La théorie aristotélicienne de la mimesis poétique“. Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010562.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudy of Aristotle's poetics aiming at showing the original feature of the Aristotelian conception of the poetical "mimesis" and this, in comparison with the platonic approach of the question. Tn this aim, the following points will be analyzed : the origin (nature), the different domains where it can be found (education, poetical expression, painting, music) as well as the main effects (pleasure, purification) characteristic of the "mimesis" determined by Aristotle
Chindea, Gabriel. „Le problème de la transcendance chez Aristote et Plotin“. Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010613.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGauthier-Muzellec, Marie-Hélène. „Eidos et ousia : les rapports de la forme et de la substance dans les livres centraux de la métaphysique (Z-H-O) : le cas particulier de l'âme“. Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim is to demonstrate, using as one's starting point, the study of the elaboration of a minimal structure of relations between form and substance, the truly central role of books z-h-o, which play a fundamental part in the elaboration, while at the same time defining the conditions for applying and legitimating the structure involved. A systematic appraisal of the examples used by Aristotle may serve as a proof of this hypothesis and, at once, reveal the judiciousness of a graded scale of reference to the specific case of the soul, considered from a metaphysical point a view, but also from a psycho-physiological one. There are, therefore, two reasons for the privileged case of the soul, in so far as it governs the achievement of the structure, which has become a general model for the analysis of being and natural evolution, as well as resisting validity of the model it has permitted. Psycho-physiology of faculties becomes the unthinkable of the system it founds, which may coincide with the silent premiss of any rigorous metaphysic
Guéguen, Haud. „La mesure du possible chez Aristote : étude sur la notion aristotélicienne de "dunaton"“. Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010692.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKleltz, Françoise. „La figure du philosophe chez Platon et chez Aristote confrontée à l'image de la sagesse dans des œuvres littéraires antérieures“. Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040052.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe subject of this thesis is a study of the philosopher's appearance in Plato and in Aristotle compared to the wisdom's figure in anterior literature. Therefore, the matter of this analyze is not the wisdom and the philosophy considered from the point of view of their true nature, but a reflection on their images. There is three parts in that work: an analyze of the wise's figure for the authors of fictions; a presentation of the "character" of the philosopher in Plato’s and Aristotle’s texts; the questions revealed by these two figures. In the literary works, we have collected a selection of the texts which allowed to precise the image of the wisdom, then we have studied this problem successively in Homer, Hesiod, Aesop, Pindar, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Herodotus, Thucydides, Aristophanes and Xenophon. Afterwards, in Plato and Aristotle, we have analyzed firstly the appearance and the behavior of the philosopher; secondly, his confrontation to the city; thirdly, his relationship with the people who are already wise but not completely philosopher according to Plato and Aristotle. In conclusion, we have tried to set the outline of the problem posed by the necessity of a "characterization" of philosophy
Joachim, Henri-Gaël. „Heidegger et Aristote : pour une métaphysique de l'être-en-acte“. Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010538.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe confrontation between Heidegger and Aristotle allows to raise the problem of being in act. According to Heidegger, the apex of Aristotle’s thought lies in the discovery of being as energeia. In the course of his works on Aristotle, Heidegger has underlined the importance of the Aristotelian conception of the anteriority of actuality over potentiality. However, in his own philosophy, he has reversed this hierarchical relation by giving primacy to the possible over the actual. From the Heideggerian point of view, this inversion can be explained by his rejection of any form of onto-theo-logy. Now, from an Aristotelian point of view, it can also be explained by the "forgetting" of the distinction between the determination and the conditioning. Neglecting this distinction makes it impossible to discover actuality as principle and final cause of that which is. This amounts to a move from a theological inquiry in the order of being to a quest for the foundation or condition of possibility. As a matter of fact, Heidegger, in his commentaries on Aristotle’s metaphysics says nothing of the induction of being in act of book 9 chapter 6. It appears then that a rediscovery of being in act is necessary. The way leading to such a discovery must start from the judgment of existence, and go on with the inquiry into the principles of that which is. But after being and time, it is impossible to neglect the study of dasein. This is why, today, it is necessary to develop Aristotle’s perspective with a thinking of the "i am", in the light of being in act. M. D. Philippe has already attempted such an endeavor. It seems to us that his philosophical reflection enables us to go beyond the dilemma between Aristotle and Heidegger, and to articulate a metaphysics of being in act
Brière, Véronique. „Langage, sémantique et ontologie : une étude de la problématique catégoriale dans l'oeuvre d'Aristote (Des Catégories aux catégories)“. Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100171.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation interrogates the notion of categories in Aristotle's work in ils various formulations as it ranges across the registers of physics and metaphysics, dialectics, and logic. A detailed rereading of Categories that focuses on Aristotle's interpretation of the origins of the ontological aporias -- of Platonism in particular-- reveals how the text adumbrates a philosophical strategy meant to deconstruct such aporias. A reading of On Sophistical Refutations, of Topics, and Prio rAnalytics confirms that at the basis of ibis strategy is a reflection on semantics. Semantics, however, cannot be reduced to ontology, although it is founded upon it. Rather, it represents the means to establish a new ontology. Consequently, categories should be understood as unity forms, and forms for determination, which supplant the domination of the logic of substance. As for metaphysics, it does not reduce categories to "genres" that would replace platonic ones (Sophist) nor to ontological accidents of substance. At stake here is the reinterpretation of the entire study of ousia in metaphysics as much as the supposed status of « categories. » My aim is to foreground the full scope of Aristotle's conceptualization of language, for it is neither a work of strict formalism nor simply a work on the rules of common speech. Not even the apophantic perspective of the sciences can ignore the semantic nature of language and the fact that the symbolic function it supposedly guarantees is thrown into question. This dissertation connects the understanding of katêgorein to Aristotle's interpretation of the aporias of Platonism, of the Eleates and of the physiologues. It connects it as well to what constitutes sophistics, i. E. The absence of semantics, a saturation based on the conflation of all units of meaning as well ac of any determined unit, with the form of substance, tode it. It is precisely against this dominant scheme, thought to be deleterious for language and ontology both, that Aristotle generates the concepts of categories. For this reason, I argue, we must no longer interpret categories as forms imposed on logos in predication or as types of "things" reduced to a naïve phenomenology. This new approach, rather, invites us to trace, from one text to another and within given texts, metaphorical slippages responsible for the ontological transformation of certain notions
Ehrmann, Sabine. „Laisser voir : contemplation et photographie“. Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010626.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDos, Santos Nélio Gilberto. „Préservation et Usage. Le dualisme de la fin chez Aristote“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL142.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAccording to Aristotle, the final cause is twofold, as it indicates in five strategic places of the corpus: concerning the causal relation between finality and matter, in Physics II; with respect to the purpose of animal reproduction, in De Anima II; and a little further on, in this same work, this dualism is affirmed to enlighten the way in which the soul is end for the body; in Eudemian Ethics, where is it to specify the way in which the god is an end for practical wisdom; finally, concerning the teleological causality of the Prime Mover, in Metaphysics Λ. This teleological dualism, formulated in the occurrences of De Anima II through the technical expression τὸ οὗ and τὸ ᾧ, having been developed in a study that has not survived to our times, is frequently understood in terms of purpose in technical production and translated by "purpose" and "beneficiary". However, this attempt to clarify this laconic expression raises quite significant problems, including that of its relevance for the approach of the natural phenomena that it is supposed to explain. This study attempts to restore this dualism of the end at the centre of Aristotelian understanding of teleology. The examination of occurrences, as well as the study of the major themes of finality in Aristotle's philosophy of nature, lead us to put forward two notions that make explicit what the teleological dualism refers to: the notion of usage, χρῆσις, and that of preservation, σωτηρία
Charfeddine, Slim. „Immédiateté et médiation dans le discours sur l'être chez Aristote et Hegel“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs Nature - which loves to hide - mediation appears at first as missing or forgotten. Ontology develops spontaneously as a discourse affirming the immediacy of being. But if being is immediate, that is to say simple identity in itself, then no discourse on being is possible. Only mediation, which is negative identity, or even identity which exists through the articulation of otherness, enables ontology to exist as a discourse on being. But not only does the concept ofmediation enable ontology, but it also remarkably enlightens Aristotle’s Metaphysics. That is why we suggest an interpretation of Aristotle’s Metaphysics which shows its thematical unity through the concept of mediation.Then, the core of mediation is logic grasped thanks through the following steps : first of all through Plato’s philosophy of language, that interprets predicating as unity of the same nessand of the difference, then through Aristotle’s syllogistic logic based on the middle term, the true mediator of the terms of the conclusion, and finally through Hegel’s speculative logic.Finally, the concept of mediation enables the reader to somewhat make sense of the Historyof Philosophy and especially to sort typical answers (that is ideal types) regarding ontology’sforemost disputed point i.e. the relationship between being and discourse. Moreover, we will study two periods in the History of Philosophy : ancient philosophy starting from Parmenides’claim that being is immediate to Aristotle’s mediation, perceived as a purpose or the actualization of a potentiality or even entelechy and modern History from Descartes to Hegel during which a similar movement occurs but with a different starting point : the concept of actual infinity vs the concept of being
Guérin, Charles. „L'élaboration de la notion rhétorique de "persona" au Ier siècle av. J. -C. : antécédents grecs et enjeux cicéroniens“. Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002535200204611&vid=upec.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis intends to study the theoretical means by which the Latin rhetoric of the first century BCE has understood the ethical aspect of rhetorical performances and has progressively built a category suited to the peculiarities of the late Roman republic : the notion of persona, which, in its rhetorical meaning, corresponds to the merits mentioned by the orator in his own speech and to the ethos he conveys through his argumentation, style, voice and gestures. This work seeks to demonstrate that the notion of persona is no strict equivalent of the Greek notion of h\qo". It emphasizes therefore how historical and ideological contexts must be taken into account when rhetorical theory tries to deal with oratorical ethos. The first part of this study uses the Athenian theory of h\qo" and its political value as a reference in order to give the notion of persona its particular rhetorical meaning. It then becomes possible to study how this notion slowly emerges, detaches itself from Greek rhetorical tradition and takes into account the symbolical, ideological and practical realities of the Roman aristocratic environment in the anonymous Rhetorica ad Herennium and Cicero’s De inuentione. The last part of this study analyzes how Cicero gives a true theoretical status to the notion of persona in his mature works and uses it for philosophical and rhetorical purposes that are wider than they were in the first Latin rhetorical texts
Guyomarc'h, Gweltaz. „Aux origines de la métaphysique : l’interprétation par Alexandre d’Aphrodise de la Métaphysique d’Aristote“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAristotle does not use the word "metaphysics". The books called "Metaphysics" clearly lack unity. The science called "metaphysics" seems to break the common epistemological rules set by Aristotle himself. From that point of view, it seems problematic to consider Aristotle as the "founding father of metaphysics". The present dissertation aims to show that the foundation of metaphysics as a science is also based on the work of the Ancient Commentators, especially Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. 200 AD). Paradoxically, the "Exegete par excellence" makes it possible to be engaged in metaphysics without limiting metaphysics to explaining Aristotle's books. The reason is that he tries in fact to makes explicit and to enhance the unity of this work as well as to establish the unity of the corresponding science. According to him, metaphysics is both universal and the first true science. As such it constitutes the condition for any type of knowledge to be established as a science. Metaphysics is devoted to three main programs : the general study of being, the study of substance, the study of the first cause. These different programs are closed enough to be carried out within one single science. The passage from one level to another is guided by what I propose to call the Principle of Maximum Casuality. In this way, the substance is the higher being and the cause of being for all the rest ; the first cause is the higher and most thinkable substance, the cause of the order on the world, and what makes it intelligible. So the Exegete offers a strong view of the unity of metaphysics and thanks to this reappropriation Aristotle's work became the origin of a long-lasting tradition
Torrente, Luca. „Génération, nature et individuation chez Aristote“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUL015.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMy thesis proposes to examine the problem of individuation in Aristotle’s philosophy from a study on the generation of living beings. This choice has made possible to approach a controversial problem from an almost unprecedented perspective. The first part of the thesis is an analysis of the generation of physical substances in the Aristotelian corpus. This chapter aims to highlight the specific characteristics of the absolute generation of substances in relation to other types of becoming. The second part studies the embryogenesis of the living beings from a perspective that seeks to integrate the hylomorphic model into another, more complex and exhaustive model, which is that of dynamic development. In the third part, the problem of individuation is addressed. We complete the analysis of the animal generation to its end: the development of the hereditary and particular characteristics of each individual. The two best-known theses – the identification of the principle of individuation with matter or form – are discussed and criticized. Finally, a solution is proposed that establishes three particular causes capable of explaining the generation of an individual as an individual, based on a passage from Metaphysics Λ 5. The fourth part considers the specificity of the human being in the question of individuation. It is a question of the individualization of man, the process by which a certain individual seeks to constitute himself as an agent subject and autonomous legal person within a given community
Carbone, Andrea L. „La représentation de l'organisation spatiale du corps chez Aristote“. Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010691.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGautier, Timothée. „Législation et éducation dans la politique d' Aristote“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA01H214.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the first lines of Book VIII of the Politics, Aristotle affirms: “That therefore the legislator should above all be concerned with the education of young people, no one can dispute it. And, indeed, in cities where this is not the case, it is damaging to the constitution.” For Aristotle, the fundamental and primary role of the legislator is to lead the members of the city for which they are responsible to virtue by thereby guaranteeing its stability, its durability and its justice. It is on this pedagogical function of the politician that the present work focuses, which tries to bring to light "the circle of political action" by which good education produces good rulers who, in return, establish a political and pedagogical system favoring the diffusion of virtue in the city. The main challenge of the reflection is to determine the purposes of the action of the true politician and the privileged modalities of his intervention in the city in order to understand how, for Aristotle, a man becomes virtuous. Our intuition is as follows: the pedagogical perspective that can be brought to bear on the political work of Aristotle, from the point of view of the nomothete, makes it possible to understand its coherence and, if not to dissipate, at least to enlighten a certain number of the traditional difficulties encountered by exegesis. This intuition unfolds through three main axes relating to the nature and meaning of Aristotle's political and philosophical project, the purpose of education and the means and modalities of a true paideia
Groisard, Jocelyn, und Alexandre d'Aphrodisias. „Le "De mixtione" d'Alexandre d'Aphrodise : édition critique, traduction, commentaire, précédés d’une introduction à l’histoire du problème philosophique du mélange“. Paris, EPHE, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPHE5013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD research deals with mixture theories in ancient Greek philosophy and focuses on the treatise On mixture by the Peripatetic philosopher Alexander of Aphrodisias (ca. 200 A. D. ). This treatise is the only surviving work from antiquity devoted to the philosophical issue of mixture, that is, to the problem of how a plurality of things can be unified into one product and how one should account for both their reciprocal relation in process of mixture and their relation to the mixed product. This thesis is on the one hand philological nature as it provides a complete translation of Alexander ‘s treatise based on a new critical edition of the text from the manuscript tradition ; a first critical edition has been published by Buns in 1892, but from incomplete collations and without using one of the only two independent manuscripts, discovered only later by Vitelli ; a re-examination of the whole manuscript tradition was necessary and indeed allowed to improve on the text of former editions. This PhD thesis is also concerned with history of philosophy ; the edition of Alexander’s On mixture is followed by an analytical commentary and comes after a general study situating this work in the long-term history of ancient mixture theories, which is divided into three major trends : the Peripatetic tradition, of which Alexander is a main representative ; the mixture theory of the Stoics, which was sharply criticised by Alexander ; and eventually the transposition of physical mixture schemes in Neoplatonic metaphysics, a move initiated by Plotinus who was probably dependant on Alexander’s treatment of the mixture issue
Aluze, Vincent. „Rhétorique et politique dans les "Librorum deperditorum Fragmenta" d'Aristote : avec présentation, édition, traduction, annotations et commentaire des fragments relatifs à la rhétorique, à l'éthique et à la politique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3111.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis investigates the relationship between rhetoric, ethics and politics in the fragments of Aristotle’s lost works, and more globally its relation in Aristotle’s entire philosophy. This study intends to understand if Aristotle, in opposition to his predecessors, is the « inventor » of the rhetoric – to which he awards the value of technique with a proper methodology and object in the eponym treatise – from is early years works, or if his conception of it evolved in time. In doing so, and considering the ethico-political aspects of these lost works, the thesis discusses the main interpretative hypothesis that have been proposed on this subject in order to support the theory of Aristotle’s thought consistency, more than its evolution. The study stands in two main parts. The first one consists in the edition, the translation sometimes unprecedented in French language, and the annotation of Librorum deperditorum’s fragments related to rhetoric and politics, including the corresponding critical apparatus. The second inspects the consistency of Aristotle’s thought using the fragments’ comments and in comparison to the works of the sophists (Protagoras, Gorgias, Isocrates, Lycophron), of Plato (Gorgias, Phaedrus) and of the aristotelian treatises. To proceed, a lexical study of the vocabulary used by Aristotle, a philosophic analysis of a few main concepts (andreia, eleutheriotês, eugeneia, metron, orgê, phronêsis) justified by their presence in the fragments and the rest of the Corpus aristotelicum, and a comprehensive textual exegesis have been undertaken
Garcia, Gilles. „Pour une conception du passage à l'acte à partir de Aristote et Lacan“. Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010661.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOgien, Ruwen. „La faiblesse de la volonté : (Aristote, Davidson)“. Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010648.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThree types of esplanation of human action are submitted to the aristotelician test of acrasia (weakness of will, intentional action aginst one's own better judgement) : the causal, the logical (the so-called practical syllogism) and the mixed (the aristotelician theory of phronesis or the davidsonian theory of practical reasoning). The conclusion is sceptical or negative. We don't have any convincing explantation or any good rational justification for our ordinary talk about the power of our desires and beliefs in the production and orientation of our actions
Soulier, Philippe. „De l'illimité à l'infini : l'interprétation néoplatonicienne de l'ἄπειρον selon le commentaire de Simplicius à la "Physique" d'Aristote (livre III, ch. 4-8)“. Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE5020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe core of this thesis is the first translation into French of about sixty-seven pages from Simplicius’ Greek text in the Diels edition (Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca, vol. IX, Berlin, 1882, p. 451. 10–518. 31). It is preceded by a general introduction which brings to light the Neoplatonic background of this section of the Commentary. This introduction, presented in the first volume, includes four chief sections. The first one brings out what philosophical meaning Simplicius recognizes in the Aristotelian text about apeiron. The second one underscores how his interpretation is anchored in Neoplatonism. It studies the “orthodox” doctrine of apeiron as presented by Proclus (In Parmenidem, VI, col. 1118. 7 -1124. 37 Cousin). We offer an original translation of this text, which allows us to set the levels of apeiron which concerns Simplicius. We also consider how the latter involves the transcendent infinite in interpreting the doctrines of the Pythagoreans, Anaxagoras and Plato. The third section gives a historical account of Neoplatonic apeiron from Plotinus to Damascius and studies its interference with the Neopythagorean history of the Indefinite Dyad. The fourth section analyses the method of exegesis used by Simplicius. The second volume includes the translation of Simplicius’ text, provided with subheads and footnotes. It is preceded by an analytical summary and followed by a metacommentary which offers a detailed analysis of each lemma’s structure and also further notes. We lastly offer a thematical bibliography and a Greek-French index
Maskaleut, Steve. „Έξις (état) et πως έχειv (se-conduire-d'une certaine-manière) dans la pensée d'Aristote : attitude subjective, forme de l'action et du mouvement“. Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010628.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGullino, Silvia. „L'Autarkeia e i suoi significati in Aristotele“. Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010593.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBassu, Sébastien. „"Métron", entre "logos" et "praxis" dans la philosophie grecque, d'Homère à Aristote“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3135.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study is concerned with the notion of μέτρον in Greek Antiquity from Homer to Aristotle. This notion means the « measure ». Mέτρον is a term which goes across in the same time the History of Ideas and the different domains of the philosophical thought. So the question is the determination of the meaning and function of μέτρον. In the first time, the study undertakes the determination of the ethical and practical notion about the « due measure » in the archaïc thought, from archaïc poetry (Homer, Hesiod) to Seven Wise Men and Elegy (Solo and Theognis).Then, the study undertakes to show how the « measure » is elevated to a scientifical function thanks to the mathematical development. By this development, the notion of « measure » is integrated in the rationality (logos) and study of the Physics by the first Presocratic Philosophers (Milesians, Pythagoreans, Heraclitus and Parmenides) : the « measure » is applicated to the Time and Space in Universe. Then, Plato makes metron a central notion of his philosophical thought as an ethical, epistemological and metaphysical term. He develops his own conception of « measure » against the relativism of the measure inherited from the sophistic (Protagoras and Gorgias). Finally, this study is closed on an examen about the function of μέτρον in Aristotle’s Metaphysics, Physics and Ethics
Margel, Serge. „Le reste et le temps : étude sur la représentation temporelle de l'étant chez Aristote, Hegel et Heidegger“. Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0328.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe object of this study on the question of time in aristotle, hegel res, , ), gthned by his correspondence andheidegger is to determine the metaphysical boudaries which limit res, , ), gthned by his correspondence the traditional concept of time. - we will follow closely the heideg- res, , ), gthned by his correspondence gerian interpretation of the history of metaphysics and will analyse res, , ), gthned by his correspondence his conception of the historial relation between being and time inse res, , ), gthned by his correspondence which the meaning of being is always already determined by the horizon res, , ), gthned by his correspondence of time. From there, we will try to understand in the first book how res, , ), gthned by his correspondence this inevitable temporal predetermination is concieved by aristotle res, , ), gthned by his correspondence and hegel. In the second book, we will attempt to analyse how the me- res, , ), gthned by his correspondence taphysical presuppositions of this predetermination can befound, albeit res, , ), gthned by his correspondence stronly displaced, in heidegger's work. Rmination can befound, albeit res, , ), gthned by his correspondence
Dufossé, Colette. „Théories et vocabulaire de la vision dans les mondes grec et latin du IVe au XIIe siècle“. Paris, EPHE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPHE4024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuring the late Antiquity, the theories of Plato and Aristotle about the solar or ocular light's movements are the basis of the theory of vision. The neoplatonic approach of the greek commentators to Aristotle, influenced by geometry and physiology, has been passed on to the Latin Occident, which was actually closer to Platon's Timaeus – available in traduction, unlike Aristotle's workIn order to explain the formation of the image in the observer's soul, the Greeks combine elements of Aristotle and Galen. The Occident focuses on the subject's interiority: the Augustinian theory enlarge the visual theory to create a thought's one. Then it's redefined during the twelth century under the influence of Boece's classification of the soul's forces. The propagation of light is a crucial element of vision. From the God-light's metapher, the Greek fathers developp a metaphysical speech influenced by Aristotle's physic. John Scotus Eriugena passes it on to the Latin world, where it comforts the Augustinian theory of vision. During the twelth century, this metaphysics changes to physics (optics) by means of the Timaeus' studies. Whereas in greek there is a continuity with the antique vocabulary, a specialised lexicon tends to appear in latin, through the greek and an autonomous thought, respectively. This lexicon, testimonial of the powerfull reflexion on optic during the early Middle Ages, is used in the twelth century's translations, which renew the knowing of this discipline in Occident
Campbell, Matthieu. „Le plaisir dans la pensée d’Aristote : physiologie, essence, valeur et usage“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040069.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleI scrutinize Aristotle’s theory of pleasure by analysing the texts that define the concept as closely as can be, and by assessing the presuppositions and the stakes of this definition within Aristotle’s philosophy as a whole. My study is centred upon a commentary of Nicomachean Ethics X, 3-4 where the status of pleasure is enlightened with precision: located within a unique act of cognition (which is essentially a perfect and perpetual activity), pleasure is both an aspect that reveals our good functioning, and an incentive for us to keep it working in the exact same way. I explore the elements presupposed by this account, elucidating the opposition between “activity” (energeia) and process, and before, giving a new light to the formal features of the paradigm of a pleasant activity, i. e. perception, as it is conceived in the psychological treatises. I also explain how pleasures that do not follow this paradigm, i. e. bodily pleasures, are not seen by Aristotle as some effective pleasures at all. The last phase in this work is devoted to an assessment of the discourse on pleasure according to its aim: delivering to a teacher the knowledge he needs in order to produce virtues and happiness. I underline that, from the elements given by Aristotle, it is difficult, but necessary, to make a distinction between the pleasure one can feel at goodness and this very same goodness towards which one must strive. It is quite as difficult to conceive and evaluate all the forms of pleasure education has to regulate, as well as those that it must lead one to feel (pleasure deriving from the best practice, or from the best contemplation)
Duval, Béatrice. „Edition, traduction et commentaire du "De Odoribus" de Théophraste d'Erésos“. Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040209.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTheophrastus of Eresos (372/371-288/287 BC), Aristotle’s follower and successor as the Head of the Lyceion, dedicacte his De Odoribus to the study of aromatic plants : this work has been regarded as book 8 of an extant etiological study about plants and their properties, the De Causis Plantarum. De Odoribus, a teatrise divided into 69 sections, starts with and introduction to the philosophical analysis of odours before turning to the scientist’es main areas of interest : the description and etiology of odoriferous properties, techniques involved in the making of perfumes, medicinal and domestic use of aromatic materials, this critical edition is presented with the first translation in French and and extant commentary on philological, technical, philosophical and litterary aspects. It is preceded by an introduction dealing with the main problèms to the commentator has to face (situation of the text in Theophrastus’ corpus, genre,c ompostion, style and sources) and tracing the history of the text’s transmision from the greek manuscripts, the latin medieval tradition and its successive edition