Dissertationen zum Thema „Archéologie du paysage – Flandre“
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Ouchaou, Rachid. „Evolution morphosédimentaire de la plaine maritime flamande depuis l'Antiquité : apport des prospections géoradar à la géoarchéologie“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGround-penetrating radar (GPR) is a non-destructive geophysical prospecting tool used to image the finest discontinuities of the underground where the soil is not too conductive. GPR equipment was acquired in 2020 by the Oceanology and Geosciences Laboratory (LOG), which gave rise to bachelor's and master's internships supervised as part of this thesis, as well as academic and industrial collaborations. The first part of the results presented in this memoir is a summary of the surveys carried out on a variety of targets to test the method. GPR gives excellent results on wind-blown sands, and makes it possible to reconstruct the evolution of the coastal dunes affected by climate change. Examples of very-high resolution architectures are provided on the Slack and Pilat dunes. The combined use of different GPR antennas allows describing the mechanisms of sand erosion and deposition, from the scale of seasonal events to that of dune construction on a millennial scale. The backshore area is also explored. The Flemish coastal plain contains sandbodies of kilometer extension, partly buried under the silt of the polders, and which are strategic both for water resources and for the diversity of natural environments. One of the best known is the Ghyvelde fossil dune, an area managed by the Coastal Conservatory. The GPR profiles carried out on the Ghyvelde dune make it possible to image a few meters below the dune a sandy unit of marine or estuarine origin. The polders themselves constitute a target, against all expectations given the clayey and conductive component of these lands. By previously stripping the topsoil, the GPR signal penetrates sufficiently (4m) to image the last channels that drained the plain before it dried up. Finally, two examples show the potential of GPR in geological studies of deeper sedimentary or rocky layers. In the Brussels sands of the Leuven region (Belgium), a penetration depth of more than 30 meters was obtained with a low frequency antenna, making it possible to reconstruct the geometry of tidal sand bar cropping in a sand pit and thereby to guide the sand mining. In the faluns of Anjou, on the heritage and tourist geosite of Perrières, the profiles obtained show the possibility of perfectly imaging the architecture of the rock layers exposed in the subterraneous quarries. Profiles realized on the roads show the feasability of potential extensive mapping by installing the tool on a vehicle. The results obtained on these targets opened up possibilities for developing other areas of research in applied geosciences, particularly with regard to georesources, geoheritage, geohazards and geoenvironment. The memoir presents these different aspects through an article manuscript submitted for publication in a co-edited book produced for decision makers. The second part of the thesis results presented in this memoir is focused on the work done in collaboration with INRAP (the National Institute of Research in Preventive Archaeology) on the Flemish coastal plain. It justifies the title of the dissertation, and is the subject of a manuscript submitted for publication in an international peer-reviewed journal (The Depositional Record). This concerns the evolution since the Middle Age of the eastern bank of the paleo-Denna, a banch of the paleo-delta of the Aa river that had its mouth between Gravelines and Dunkirk. About 30km of GPR profiles acquired as part of the archaeological diagnosis prior to the extension of the Grand Maritime Port of Dunkirk were used to map the last estuarine channels and their evolution during land reclamation. They show progressive shift of the front dikes towards the west which resulted in replacement of the channel system by a continuous layer sandier than the underlying estuarine sediments. This ultimate deposit forms the substrate of the modern agricultural soil of the coastal plain
Duceppe-Lamarre, François. „L'homme et la nature au Moyen Âge : naissance de l'écologie en Europe occidentale (Xe-XVIe siècles) : étude d'archéologie du paysage des milieux forestiers des comtés médiévaux d'Artois, d'Avesnes, de Flandre et d'Hainaut“. Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010678.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThough the word of ecology appears with its creator in 1866, man's relations with nature are older than that. It is in this sense that we have to understand the study of the environmental sensibility during the medieval period. Forested environment have been chosen for its biological diversity in the case of a landscape archeological research. Its geographical limits correspond to those of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, along with some inroads in the french region of Somme, Belgium and Netherlands countries, so mainly the medieval countries of Artois, Avesnois, Flandre and Hainaut. Problematic is double. First, it consists to treat the forested environment under the point of view of landscape archeology, but renewed by ecological considerations. After a valuation of its archeological characteristics, and only after, could be treated the question of management diversity, so, the plausibility of the birth of a medieval ecology. This one grows at the end of the medieval deforestation movement, elaborates itself mainly during the 13th and 14th centuries, through a succession of reflexions and managements of the abiotic and biotic components of the forested environment. Answering accurate situations, and so varying. With the time factor, medieval empirical ecology comes to light clearly at this moment for the cultural and natural heritage of Western Europe
Laoukili, Montaser. „Le massif de Zerhoun au Maroc : Histoire, Archéologie et Paysage Culturel“. Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work attempts to answer a problematic of historical and land use planning. Social groups of various ethnic origins have settled in the Zerhoun massif in Morocco, on different periods. It is attested on the local substratum that before the arrival of Islam, flows of Berbers Arabs and Andalusian have succeeded. The site of Zerhoun, played since antiquity, a leitmotif role in the political and social history of ancient Morocco, whose Volubilis was the capital or the largest city of Mauretania Tingitana, and it continued to play its role after the Islamization of the country. With an antediluvian history, the Zerhoun massif benefits of a rich and varied landscape; composed of archaeological, urban and architectural heritage characterizing the transition between the different antagonisms that marked the power seizure in Morocco. However, this heritage is at the mercy of an accelerated degradation process. It is attempted at this work to propose many approaches for the rehabilitation and management of the architectural heritage, and the urban and the landscape of Zerhoun, which is part of a global strategy of integrated development. The study of cultural landscapes, in particular those recognized as associative and scalable, incites us to seek the possibilities of an active rehabilitation. Thereby, this work is part of a cross disciplinary approach that associates History and land use planning
Di, Piazza Anne. „Les bâtisseurs de jardins : ethno-archéologie du paysage de Wallis et Futuna“. Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010540.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHarfouche, Romana. „Histoire des paysages méditerranéens au cours de la protohistoire et de l'antiquité : aménagements et agriculture“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10097.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFeizi, Mahsa. „Le paysage culturel de la plaine de Sultāniyya durant la période islamique“. Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2106.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe environmental potential of the Sultāniyya plain have emerged as powerful baseline for the formation and development of settlements during a long time. In addition, it is geographically located in a kind of corridor linking central Iran to its northwest. The interest of this region lies not only the archaeological evidence from the Paleolithic to the present day, but also in the considerable amount of written and illustrated sources in which various aspects of the landscape of the Sultāniyya plain have been discussed. However, there is no in-depth archaeological study of the plain. The aim of this dissertation is to demonstrate the interaction of human and environment in the plain during the Islamic period. The study of written and archeological sources shows that in the early Islamic centuries and before the construction of the city of Sultāniyya, in the center and north of the plain, population concentration depended on agricultural potential and therefore on water resources. The 16th century is a turning point in the history of the region. The attention paid by the Ilkānid to the plain has led to the expansion of agricultural and industrial infrastructures, extensive water exploitation and expansion of the agricultural zone. As a result, the population has focused mainly on the central and southern regions on the groundwater table. The decline of the city in the early 16th century turned it into a prestigious village. It led to a general slowdown in trans-regional trade between Sultāniyya and other centers of Iran. But the continued use of the region's water infrastructure and the role of the former urban center of Sultāniyya in the regional economic system has helped to maintain the maximum population concentration in the central and southern areas along the ancient routes
Gournay, Antoine. „L'amenagement de l'espace dans le jardin chinois“. Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040307.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study puts forward a modus studendi which can be used to describe the organisation of space in any garden. It defines the garden as a + site/sight for living ;, designed to connect its occupants with nature, and which allows us to distinguish those aspects which are related to its various functions. On the one hand, as in any space organised to accommmodate human beings, the garden can be split into its + housing ; aspects, which depend on the biological nature of its occupants, and a + habitat ;, which contributes to the fashioning of a particular social structure. On the other hand, the sight which is the garden is made up of various elements intended not only to produce impressions on the spectators' five senses, but also to present elaborate compositions to them. These may aim to reproduce a particular image or conception one has of nature, but simultaneously they contribute to that image. However, even if an illusion or feeling of the natural is conveyed, it is always, in fact, the fruit of human labour and consequentially artificial. Finally, the sight would not be correctly perceived and understood without the help of + viewing ; devices which present it to the spectator in a given way, calculated to produce certain effects. When applied to chinese gardens, this structure for analysis allows one to bring out their richness and specific characteristics. The chinese garden closely combines housing and sights : the same element or device fulfills several functions simultaneously, and thus takes part multiplely in the spatial organisation of the garden. This modus studendi provides us with the means to compare different gardens point for point, and better to evaluate the specificity of each one within the tradition, and to see which function is fulfilled differently or better. It should allow a better knowledge of different styles of garden and their geographical, temporal or social variations
Moss, William. „Une archéologie du paysage urbain : la Terrasse Dufferin à Québec, du XVIIe au XXe siècles“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17615.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMonaco, Marina. „La reconstitution d'un paysage antique : l'"Ager Campanus" : Application des méthodologies des systèmes d'information géographiques“. Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA1014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the thesis is the reconstruction - by means of geographical information systems (GIS) -of the ancient landscape in the "Ager Campanus". After studying this land as a whole, a test zone has been located by means of the analysis of historical sources and the study of the big north-south centuriation. Such zone is identified as the southern part of "Ager Campanus", which extends from south of the path of Regi Lagni (ancient "Clanius") towards the northern sorrounding of the metropolitan area of Naples. A big lot of information has been gathered into the GIS data base, representing both archaeological and environmental data. The correlation analysis of the above data, by means of the spatial analysis of GIS, enabled the global understanding of the landscape, allowing to face some complex questions of rural history and to propose a novel reconstruction of the organization and occupation of the land through time
Barat, Claire. „Sinope dans son environnement pontique“. Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30068.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe city of Sinope lies on the Southern Black Sea Coast. This work’s aim is to show the influence of the city during the Antiquity, trough litterary, numistatic, epigraphic, archaeologic and amphorologic sources. The first part is a presentation of Sinope through travellers’accounts (XVIIth-XIXth Centuries) and archaeaological excavations in modern Sinop and its territory in the XXth Century. The second part is about the political history of Sinope, from its foundation in the VIIth Century B. C. To the Roman times. In Classical period, Sinope was a subject of the Persian Empire, but was also, from times to times, quite independent, when the central power was too weak. Thanks to its peripherical position, it escaped Alexander’s conquests and became independent and wealthy in the Hellenistic period. In 183, it was conquered by Pharnaces of Pontus, and became later the capital of the Pontic Kingdom. Its conquest was particularly important during the Mithridatic wars : it was taken by Lucullus in 70 and became a Cesarian colony in 45 B. C. In Roman period, thanks to the epigraphic documentation, it is possible to study the municipal life of Sinope. The third part is about the extension of Sinope. Through the study of the natural ressources, the circulation of coins, men and amphoras, it is possible to determine this extension. The last chapter is about the cults in Sinope and shows that they were particularly original in the Roman period (Sarapis’cult)
Trément, Frédéric. „Histoire de l'occupation du sol et évolution des paysages dans le secteur des étangs de Saint-Blaise (Bouches-du-Rhône) : essai d'archéologie du paysage“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX10044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePark, Sung-Eun. „Le paysage dans la peinture flamande du XVème siècle, à travers les aspects de la vierge à l'enfant“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX10036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFlemish painting, in its golden age, constitutes a key period where we see the spirit of modern landscape appear. In the heart of a long tradition of religious painting, the evolution of the landscape was until then insensitive because it was too tied to a conventional localisation illustrating biblical themes. The theme of the virgin and child where we can see appear a realistic landscape at this epoch, reveals itself to be the framework of fundamentals changes. This particular framework, chosen intentionally to provide the conditions of investigation close to those of the laboratory, allows the analysis of the works of three generations of artists and to bring to the fore the historical, sociological and pictural influences, which, combined, determined a new conception of the landscape : the realistic flemish landscape
Jacquemin, Odile. „Hyères, la formation d'un paysage urbain : entre mer et terre, de 1748 à nos jours“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS006S.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom the city to the territory, the thesis makes out of a narration of a story of a landscape, an entryfor a little story on the art to manage the territory. Through a study case, Hyères and its harbour, seen under the angle of the projects and the point of view of the site, the thesis is a contribution as much to the urban history than to the knowledge of the littoral landscapes. This work questions methods and finality of the history, proposing to join together a long history and a history of present times, to offer a dynamic vision of the landscape, and to make of history a science of the action at the service of the territorial project and its prospective. The narration renews the genre of the local monograph, where the local gives way to a mondialized space, defined by the relations of the local to the global. The between land and sea is explored in its capacity to produce links and sets itself as a model of between two to extrapolate. To the state of the sites, the diagnostic by the landscape substitutes a state of the links. As an interface between culture and nature, between art and science, and in its capacity to join times, places and thematic, the landscape becomes language to speak about the complex, give a global vision of the present and to make understandable the fitting of the different scales of space and time. The narration and its fragmentation serves mediation. The tale opens to a pedagogy of the landscape by the landscape putting in position the representative figures by which a rural burg turned into a littoral city, territorializing the fundamental interrogations and the principal cultural transformations, economic and social, that must take into consideration the territorial geniuses to (re)invent
Meuret, Jean-Claude. „Peuplement, pouvoir et paysage d'une région de marche, aux confins de l'Anjou de la Bretagne, des origines au moyen age“. Rennes 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN20007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe population and the landsape, and also the different aspectof the power that have determined them, are the main directions of this research. That's why its spatial and chronological limits do not coincide with any kind of traditional framework : they include the borders Anjou - Bretagne (region of la Guerche, Vitré, Chateaubriant, Pouance, Segré and Craon) in a diachronic vision, from the origins to the central period of the middle-ages. Its methods consists in using and associating the facts given by archaeology, maps and former cadastral surveys, and medieval texts. From prehistory and protohistory onwards, it is possible to conclude that exchanges between Loire and the Rennes bassin existed; the evidence of those exchanges are represented by megaliths, bronze deposits, terrestrial ways. During the late la tene period, the population settlement appears to be very dense, from the bassin of river seiche, to that of river oudon, even reaching the actual forest of la guerche where we can have an idea thanks to an exavation, of what the native farms used to look like. No important breach appears after the conquest, neither in the occupation of the landscape, nor in the political or the religious order : and so is it for the namete craonnais, a pagus formed around its auriferous district and its temple. Owing to the excavation of several cemetaries, the early middle-ages appear to bein very slow evolution stimulated by the growth of christianity, from the ancient dispersed settlement to the medieval "encellulement". The study of the central period of the middle-ages demonstrates that parish, village, market but also the power of the lords originate in that period. .
De, Palma Giulia. „Roma, quartiere Appio-Latino (VII Municipio) : archeologia del paesaggio urbano dalle origini alla tarda antichità“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100125/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research sets against the background of the historical problem of roman ancient suburb by the analysis of the extra urban area between the Latina and San Giovanni gates, between the walls of Aurelian and the distance of about a mile from them. The territory thus defined (a 270 hectares area) is one of the most densely built up areas of the city, the Appio-Latino district. Accordingly profound transformations over the centuries, particularly following the modern urbanization, which started at the end of the nineteenth century, this part of the city keeps today very few ancient remains, fragmented and decontextualized. Despite this lack of archaeological remains, nevertheless, this territory was of great importance in antiquity. Located on the edges of the urban space, it is a real "buffer zone" between the city (the urbs) and the surrounding territory (ager). Before the construction of the Aurelian walls, which in the late third century AD definitively separated the suburb from the rest of the city, this area has filled a multiplicity of functions: communications with the outside territories and cities, provided by a efficient road network that set up very early; production, oriented towards agriculture and craft activities; necropolis, that ancient customs used to relegate systematically outside the urban spaces.This research proposes a reconstruction of the history of the district articulated in 6 chronological periods relied on archaeological data, accompanied by a cartographical apparatus produced using a GIS (Geographic Information System)
Lopez, Segrera Yaumara. „Del paradigma tecnolȯgico al paisaje arqueolȯgico : presencia francesa y cultura del café en el sudeste cubano en la primera mitad del siglo XIX“. Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFridriksson, Adolf. „La place du mort. Les tombes vikings dans le paysage culturel islandais“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040215/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Place of the Dead. Viking Pagan Burial in Icelandic Cultural LandscapeLa place du mort is a topographical study of pagan burials from the late Iron Age in Iceland. The aim of this work is to investigate where burials are located, and explain the reason behind the choice of place. The results are based on a critical revision of all available data on known burial sites in Iceland, and a survey of each site in the field. The main results are presented as a model of burial location, which shows that graves were placed either a) away from farmhouses, on boundaries and by roads, or b) close to farms, and a short distance outside the main activity area of the farm, or c) at the crossroads between the main road and the home lane leading to the farm. These results were tested – and confirmed - by further field survey and excavation. When the details of each grave at the two extreme locations were compared, and interesting difference became apparent: At locations near farms, the graves are frequently orientated N-S, the grave-goods are in small numbers and of a limited variety, and the population are predominantly adult or old men. The graves far away from the farm, are most often oriented E-W, there is a greater number and a greater variety of gravegoods, and there are male and female graves of people of all ages.The differences between locations are explained as different stages of the process of the human colonisation of Iceland which occurred in the late 9th century : at the initial stage, burials were located near to the only significant place of the first settlers, the habitation. With growing immigration, people establish boundaries between farms by placing cemeteries there. Towards the end of the colonisation, where boundaries have been agreed upon, the most significant location shifts again, from boundaries, to the junction between the main road and the home track, leading to the farm which has been located between two already established settlements
Brunner, Jean-Michel. „Archéologie des espaces littoraux dans le Cotentin médiéval et moderne (1204-1789)“. Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010537.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWealer, Robert. „Une identité paysagère du Luxembourg ?“ Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN21019/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStride, Sebastian. „Géographie archéologique de la province du Surkhan Darya (Ouzbékistan, Bactriane du nord)“. Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010523.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePace, Benoit. „Organisation et usages des espaces en Aquitaine méridionale durant la période romaine (Ier s. a.C. - Ve s. p.C.)“. Thesis, Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU1087.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIs research had been defined as an interrogation about the way that mountain spaces, piedmont and plain of southem aquitaine were structured,lay out and used during roman period between end of 1st Century BC and the first hait of 5th entury AD. Positioned at the intersection between Arohaeology and Geomalics (statistical analysis of data, spatial modelling, development and use of GIS) this thesis is based on a diachronie collective research project between the Garonne nd Ebro rivera (POEM - project financed by the Pau and Pyrenees Agglomeration Community (C.DA.P.P.),under the direction of Fr. Réchin).The core of this thesis is the analysis of ancientsetuementsystems and dynamics between the Garonne and the Pyranees.lt s based on the elaboration of an original conceptual data model (CDM)allowing to circumscribe the main factors composing is system and thus takes into account a set of complementary data including all the layers of habitats (urban and rural) vailable; the main artisanal activities;the communication networks as well as the forms of the sacred (religious andfunerary).The problematie developed inthis thesis therefore relate as much to the distribution of settlements as to their setllement trategy induced by their relationship with the environment (hydrographie,topographie,pedological,etc.),or to their creation nd abandonmentdynamics,their functional characterization and their formation into a coherent settlement network in the long term
Mathis, Denis. „Géohistoire agraire d’un pays lorrain : le Saulnois“. Thesis, Nancy 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN21021/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Saulnois is an ancient part of Lorraine. Its past has always been confused with salt mining and as such is of a unique geo-historical interest. The analysis of the timeless Saulnois scene, from the Halstatt to the present is an exceptionally long story. It allows for a global and multiscale study to match against the ‘long-time’-scaling of historicity. The contemporary landscape census and its interpretation through historical biais, along with hints of recycled ancient sites, are a first step. This stratification gives a reasonably accurate reconstruction of the making, the settling and the evolution of the Saulnois. This study has exposed some of the great self-made landscapes. With time, these have been either abandonned or recycled during evolutionary processes. Their importance along with the mutation of agrarian scenes underline frequent exogenous intrusions which add to the process. The Thirty Years War was the catalyst of a perfect openfield and hamlet diffusion process. It anihilated all preceding agrarian systems. The Saulnois has lived through six principal cycles which include its construction, its climax, and its fall, which is where the new cycle steps-in
Henry, Paul François. „Lanmor et La Hunaudaye : recherches autour de la naissance d'un chateau médiéval des origines au XIIIe siècle“. Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe researches on the origins of La Hunaudaye castle (located in Pledeliac, Cotes d'Armor), destroyed in 1793, show from an archeologic survey (from prehistory to antiquity) and from the study of slopes and roads, an extension of the surrounding forest spaces, coming after the late la tene period. The fact that the nearest roman roads of the early roman empire were going around these territories reveals an avoidance of them. These territories appear to be a probable domain of the imperial tax authorities ; this fact seems to be confirmed by the establishment of the breton primitive parishes and the distribution of hagiotoponyms related to the most ancient bishoprics of the peninsula. The establishment of La Hunaudaye castle, midway from an axis that linked directly Corseul, the capital of coriosolites on the crossroads of Lamballe, with the south of the roman roads which is exposed to the incursions from the coast, on the late empire period, is totally justified by the possibility of intervention, in these two directions, and by the possibility to control the forests. The unearthing of the fortress's walls has permitted the observation of the most ancient states of the monument, and the accomplishment of a typology of ceramics, in relation to stratigraphy. The discovery of some merovingian furniture would confirm the results provided by landscape's survey and hagiotoponymy
Čučković, Zoran. „La mémoire du paysage : structuration des espaces protohistoriques de l'interfluve Seine-Yonne (France) et de l’Istrie-Kvarner (Croatie)“. Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCC002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA space cannot be inhabited without inhabiting its history. Such history is endured as the contingency of historical processes, but it is also handed down as collective memory.This thesis provides an analysis of European Bronze and Iron Age landscapes and territories from the perspective of social memory (end 3rd –1st millennium BC). Four studies, covering two study areas are presented: the interfluve Seine-Yonne (Parisian Basin) and the peninsula of Istria with Kvarner Bay, on the shores of the Adriatic Sea (Croatia).The case studies are grouped under two main themes. The first theme examines memorial landmarks, necropoles in particular. How were these places used and maintained, what was their purpose? It follows that besides commemorating the past, burial places were used to maintain and model social time.The second theme turns to territory, namely its institutionalisation. During the later Prehistory, the appropriation of space must have been intimately related to economic and other everyday practices, but the hold over such space was often expressed through the maintenance of necropoles; as if the hold over present passed through the hold over the past. What was the character of such territories, through which practices were they maintained? Two studies grouped in this section rely on visibility analysis in order to evaluate the visual impact of memorial and landmark structures (burial mounds and hillforts). This approach provides clues on the “landscape discourse”, maintained through various, conspicuous interventions in the landscape
Lemouland, Quentin. „Phytoarchéologie : impact d’occupations archéologiques sur la flore actuelle : historique, concepts, méthodes et études de cas“. Rennes 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01923377.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince a long time throughout the World, presence of a particular flora has been observed on archaeological occupations. Archaeologists are interested in this relationship for surveying purposes. These long term man impacts are more and more intergrated in present ecological studies. Study of four archaeological sites in semi-natural areas allows to evaluate the link between sites and vegetation in North-Western France. Impact of structures on flora is obvious on each site. Soils of three of them are analysed : their physical and chemical properties are modified by ancient occupations. Ecological analysis of two sites flora provides answers. Plant species observed on specific sites were not introduced by man. They reflect this sustainable change of the soils. There is an early closure of the environment related to a better availability of mineral and water resources on old occupations. Bioindication software is developed to apply our approach to archaeological surveys. This discipline called “phytoarchaeology” is redefined
Fruchart, Catherine. „Analyse spatiale et temporelle des paysages de la forêt de Chailluz (Besançon, Doubs) de l'Antiquité à nos jours“. Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA1022/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleToday Besancon has the highest percentage of green space per inhabitant among France’s largest cities. 3/4 of it are made up by the Forêt de Chailluz, a large forest which has maintained its present day extents for over six centuries. Scientific research reporting on the nature and value of its heritage was still to do. One objective of this thesis is to detect, identify and document the history and heritage of this forest, ultimately aiming to its preservation and to inform a large audience about its value. This thesis is also a contribution to a collective thinking worked out in several research programs that develop methods for processing high-resolution altimetry data (LiDAR) to analyze landscape changes over the long term (LIEPPEC), that develop advanced concepts and methods for a better knowledge of socio-environmental dynamics over the long term (ModeLTER) and that explore territorial dynamics at regional scale to transmit results and knowledge to local stakeholders, giving advice on innovative and sustainable actions to support (ODIT). Within this collective framework, my PhD research is a contribution to the development of methods and knowledge for a better understanding of long term interactions between man and its environment. My interdisciplinary study combines archeology, history, geography and forestry and consists in analyzing LiDAR datasets and collecting and synthesizing written and graphical historical archives and recent documents. It also involved extended archaeological field surveys. Thesis provides a global historic perspective on the forest and on the use of wood, as attested by ancient texts or archeological evidence. It exposes diverse viewpoints and concepts carried out about woodland – diversity of uses through time and diversity of viewpoints about forest today. It also outlines specific historic data relating to the Forêt de Chailluz and details the current literature: previously known archaeological data, geographical and environmental information. It describes methodologies chosen to process the research and the main steps of LiDAR data analysis. Study focuses then on a spatial analysis of archeological features that includes factors influencing conservation and visibility of features to the soil surface. Thesis describes the method used for field surveys and methodology for georeferencing ancient maps. Eventually, results obtained are detailed, features organization and functions identified (features relating to cultivation and inhabitation, roads and tracks, charcoal burning platforms, limekilns and quarries). Dissertation ends with an interpretive synthesis of Forêt de Chailluz land use over time (Roman, Medieval and Modern periods)
Nejrotti, Luca Mario. „Installations hydrauliques dans le Marquisat de Saluces : formes de gestion économique et administrative du territoire entre XIIe et XVIe siècle“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoirier, Nicolas. „Un espace rural en Berry dans la longue durée : expérience de micro-analyse des dynamiques spatio-temporelles du paysage et du peuplement dans la région de Sancergues (Cher)“. Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00212332.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleL'originalité principale de ce travail réside dans la variation des échelles de temps et d'espace, et s'inscrit par bien des aspects dans la démarche microhistorique, afin de favoriser une approche des pratiques spatiales à l'échelle élémentaire des sociétés anciennes, celle du finage. La combinaison de la micro-échelle spatiale et du temps long favorise en effet un meilleur repérage des ruptures et des continuités dans l'occupation du sol.
Mais considérer l'évolution d'un espace depuis la Protohistoire jusqu'au 19e s. implique la nécessité de traiter plusieurs sources différentes. La définition des modalités de leur croisement est un des objectifs méthodologiques de ce travail. Chacune d'elles doit être analysée distinctement, en fonction de ses conditions de production, et après une évaluation et une prise en compte rigoureuse des biais qu'elle produit. L'approche diachronique de l'espace retenu est donc la synthèse d'une étude archéologique (à partir de données acquises au cours de prospections au sol), d'une étude historique (fondée sur les textes) et d'une étude morphologique (réalisée sur les plans anciens et le cadastre « napoléonien »). Le recours à une démarche régressive permet ici une exploitation plus efficace de sources documentaires lacunaires, dispersées et plus rares à mesure que l'on remonte dans le temps.
La restitution de la dynamique de l'habitat tout d'abord, abordée au travers des sources archéologiques issues de la prospection au sol et du dépouillement des archives médiévales et modernes, a permis d'identifier plusieurs épisodes de développement et de recul du tissu de peuplement.
L'analyse du réseau viaire contemporain et sub-contemporain a favorisé, par la nature même de l'objet d'étude, une variation d'échelle du micro vers le macro. Cette variation de la focale d'observation a permis de mesurer l'insertion de la zone d'étude dans les réseaux de communication sub-actuels et passés.
Par une approche hiérarchique inspirée de l'écologie du paysage, la morphologie du parcellaire permet de lire les différents niveaux d'organisation qui régissent le paysage, de l'échelle du cours d'eau à celle du point de peuplement.
La documentation écrite de l'époque moderne, à travers la mention de nombreuses entités religieuses ou politico-administratives, illustre l'aboutissement d'un processus de définition de territoires à échelle locale, qui s'amorce sans doute dès la période médiévale avec l'émergence et l'affirmation de circonscriptions comme les paroisses et les seigneuries.
Enfin, les espaces de la pratique ont été abordés, notamment grâce aux données archéologiques. Les territoires agraires, que délimite l'emprise des épandages de mobilier associé aux fumures, permettent la lecture de l'évolution diachronique de la localisation des espaces mis en culture, leurs rapports aux lieux habités et aux contraintes physiques du milieu, à l'échelle des déplacements quotidiens.
Sur le plan méthodologique, ce travail a été l'occasion de définir des outils propres à étudier les dynamiques de l'occupation du sol de manière diachronique et à favoriser les comparaisons micro-régionales, notamment par la mise en œuvre de modélisations statistiques et spatiales au sein d'un SIG. Ces comparaisons permettent ainsi de discerner les évolutions témoignant de tendances communes et d'autres de particularismes locaux. La variation d'échelle du micro vers le macro favorise alors la remise en cause de schémas souvent construits à petite échelle et sur le silence des sources écrites.
Watteaux, Magali Sylvia. „La dynamique de la planimétrie parcellaire et des réseaux routiers en Vendée méridionale : études historiographiques et recherches archéogéographiques“. Paris 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00421955.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWeemans, Michel. „Les paysages exégétiques et anthropomorphes de Henri Bles“. Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0147.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA prevalent approach has considered the landscapes of Henri Bles trough a focaliation on the technical and economical dimension of these paintings mass-produced by the wokshop of "Bles and Co". This project aims instead to recognize in these landscapes a humanist aesthetics of "varietaas" and a christian thought in which the act of beholding the Creation is only admitted insofar as it means to praise its Creator. The idea of the two underlying and corollary metaphors of the Book of nature and visio Dei implies our hypothesis of "exegetical landscape". This hypothesis, formulated in terms of "Welltandschaft model and visio Dei qualifier" is based on the idea of a model as a heuristic tool of redescription of reality. It means that the landscapes of Bles relate to the nature they represent through metaphorical epitomes defined by their exegetical power of transformation in a double meaning : a redescription of the reality described and of the beholder. By organizing the gaze upon Bles' paintings under the exegetical paradigm we have made visible a "changing of aspect" : the apparition of crypto-anthropomorphosis in a great number of Bles' paintings. These pictural phenomenons refer to the microcosmist conception of Creation. In the exegetical painting of Bles they are defined by their function as "conversion operators", and so connect the works of this painter, beside rabelais and Erasmus'ones, to the "crisis of interpretation" caracteristic of the humanist thought of the sixteenth century
Hatoum, Chadi. „Études des aménagements ruraux en Syrie du Sud de l'époque pré-provinciale à l'avènement de l'Islam (Ier s. av. J.-C. - VIIè s. ap. J.-C.) : apport des méthodes et techniques modernes de l'archéologie agraire“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe rural planning works in Southern Syria is mainly driven by the density of the interest paid to the study of the evolution of landscape spatial organization, especially of the formation of agrarian landscapes. The aim of this PhD is to study the operations realized in the rural landscape, their evolution and the vestiges left in this landscape. A cultivated mountainous area of the NO Jabal al-' Arab (Southern Syria) was studied. The spatial distribution of rural planning works, that date from the Pre-provincial, Roman and byzantine were analyzed. These rural planning works were mapped through a GIS software (QGIS). The study of the sites distributed in the study area, their fields and the installations associated to them led to identify the processes of occupation and the exploitation of the natural environment. These works makes it possible to formulate hypotheses on a problematic concerning the nature and the phases of the occupation of this region. This research is situated in a context of agrarian archeology. The general question treated is that of rural planning works that landscape observation can provide
Juca, Jane Monte. „Les réalités et potentialités des paysages de Brasilia : des mythes fondateurs oubliés à l'invention d'un patrimoine mondial“. Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010598.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleScrinzi, Maxime. „Archéologie de la vallée du Vidourle : dynamique spatio-temporelle du peuplement de l'âge du Fer à l'an Mil“. Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30067/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom its source to the Mediterranean Sea, the Vidourle valley, 95 km long, meets the various landscapes of the low-Languedoc géo-system. Through its journey, the river runs across the Cévennes (a small chain of mountains), the karstik hills, the garrigue and the camargue. This very rich natural environment is a perfect field for spatio-temporal analysis of settlements from the Iron Age to the High Middle Ages. Occupied since millenaries, this valley is of great archaeological wealth and allow us to question the behavior of man towards a river, through his travels and his way to develop the land, but also provides some answers on the roles of streams in this development. Based on many already advanced archaeological works (excavations, surveys, geomorphological analysis), this study was completed by new fieldworks in the upper valley of the river, expanding our knowledge of the settlement and helping us to provide a database of 832 archeological sites on which this analysis is based. Combining archeology, history and geography, along with the use of well known methods of studies (G.I.S, statistics, etc.), this research highlights the desire to offer a review of the issue of dynamics in valley of Vidourle. The broad chronological framework strengthens this desire and gives a more complete picture of the history of human occupation
Le, Drezen Yann. „Dynamiques des paysages de la vallée du Yamé depuis 4 000 ans : Contribution à la compréhension d'un géosystème soudano-sahélien (Ounjougou, Pays dogon, Mali)“. Caen, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348161.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOrsini, Celia. „Héritage monumental, paysage funéraire et identités : approches archéologiques de la région Tyne-Forth (Vè-VIIIè siècle)“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H033/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present thesis focuses on the use of the landscape in early medieval North East England and South East Scotland in the 5th to the 8th centuries -a region recognised as an emerging component of the Northumbrian Kingdom. By the 7th century, Northumbria had become a major political and ecclesiastical power. The chronological frame of this research allows for consideration of the deep political and religious changes that began in the 4th/5th centuries with the departure of the Roman army. The emergence of large kingdoms followed along with the conversion to Christianity and the acceptance and unification of the Christian Faith in the 8th century AD. We here explore the experience of the people who dwelled within this region in the early medieval period from the 5th-8th centuries. li does so by focussing on their funerary rites and practices and how they used their surroundings within funerary ritual to emphasise and signal their collection to place and their identities. Early medieval communities had at their disposal a complex landscape within which they constructed and signalled affiliations by means of interaction with natural and human altered features. Such processes have been argued by many researchers as evidence of the use of the natural landscape and world in the processes of identity creation, with funerary ritual signalling the social and political transformations underway in the organisation of early medieval societies
Maussion, Anne. „Paléogéographie d'un territoire : la cité des Bituriges Cubi“. Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003823.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGiosa, Alain. „Les agrosystèmes antiques du Châtillonnais : approche archéopédologique de la mémoire des forêts dans les parcellaires reconnus par télédétection LiDAR“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleForests preserve archaeological field systems and settlements. Airborne laser scanning and LiDAR data provide the opportunity of an extensive analysis of these landscapes, allowing the recognition of historical variations of human geography. The archaeological study of ancient field systems also allows the assessment of the long-term effects of agriculture on soil chemistry, highlighting the resilience of these environments. This PhD aims to investigate the potential of woodland archaeology for studying ancient agrosystems in the Paris Basin. Two methods are presented for the analysis of the "memory of the forests": a protocol for dating ancient fields systems recognized by LiDAR data, and an archeopedological method for studying the soils of these disused field systems, connecting past land use to current soil chemistry. Our research was implemented in the forests of the Châtillonnais area (Côte-d'Or, Burgundy-Franche-Comté, France). The analytical procedures we developed are tested out on three field systems preserved in woodlands: Vaucossier, Roche Chambain, and la Caverne. These sites were primarily known for their GalloRoman period settlements. The results demonstrate that these ancient field systems have been reoccupied several times since the Gallo-Roman people left, most notably during the Modern Period. Our analysis highlights past land use and agricultural practices and puts forward the long-term effects of hum an activities on soil chemistry
Fovet, Elise. „Dynamiques socio-environnementales durant l'antiquité : approche micro-régionale du peuplement en Languedoc oriental“. Besançon, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00616794.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis aims to study the evolution of ancient settlement patterns in a relatively small area, located in the interior Languedoc (south-eastern France), on the hinterland of the major center of the region. This work is inspired by research conducted in the last decades on the ancient settlement pattern of eastern Languedoc. The specific contribution of this work lies in the further analysis of the role of the geographical environment - physical and human - in the changing of land use, studied over the long term, 7th century BC till the 7th century AD. Two lines of research have been developed: characterization of agrarian and pastoral resources - notably by making use of satellite remote sensing - and communication network modeling - based on optimal path method. Based on a study area rich in archaeological documentation (collected through systematic field survey programs carried out in the late 70s and late 90s), this methodological work is a part of the research program ArchaeDyn
Foulché, Anne-Laure. „Le paysage balnéaire de Rome dans l'Antiquité : aspects topographiques, juridiques et sociaux“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00816938.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePerra, Mauro. „Une société en mouvement : la transformation du paysage et la construction de la société nuragique (Sardaigne) du XVIIe siècle au VIIIe siècle avant J.-C“. Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0576.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe core of my reflection is focused on the evolution of Sardinian Archaeology. Through this analysis I found that the nuragic world is a "work in progress" and that a specific traditional model which can characterize it and explain it does not exist. It was then necessary to built a brand new paradigm. It is a study of "longue durée" which analyzes the Sardinian Prehistory beginning from the Neolithic Age until the Early Iron Age through a perspective of landscape archaeology. This process mirrors the deep socio-economic and political transformations of the nuragic community. Finally, we can outline , in my opinion, a society in movement. It is a dynamic and a multifaceted society inscribed in a complex but non linear historical process in which a large number of models of development co-exist
Bernigaud, Nicolas. „Les anthroposystèmes des marais de Bourgoin-La-Verpillière (Isère) du néolithique final à l'antiquité tardive (3000 av. J. C. -600 ap. J. -C. : archéologie du paysage et de l'environnement“. Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE2022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe marshes of Bourgoin-la Verpillière are located in the Isère department, nearly forty kilometers east of Vienne and Lyon. This large and humid depression, used for pastures and mowing fields since the Middle Ages, was drained at the beginning of the 19th century AD. With poplar plantations and cornfields, these ancient marshes are presently cultivated, with a geometric parcel plan organized around the large drainage canals of the Bourbre and the Catelan. The aim of this dissertation is to study, from an « anthroposytemic» perspective, the way in which man has taken advantage of and transformed the marshes ecosystem over the last few millennia. To do so, one has to study simultaneously environmental history and human practices. Surveys were conducted within the marshes in order to map archaeological settlements. This was complemented by the study of aerial photographs to identify fossil traces of old channels, canals and ditches. A backhoe was used to dig trenches across a few of them. Their sedimentary fill was studied, dated and paleobotanical analyses conducted by specialists (palynology, paleoethnobotany, charcoal studies). Results put forward the development and construction of hydraulic structures between the Iron Age and the end of Antiquity (5th century BC-5th century AD). Some of the canal networks, which divert water from natural channels, were defined as gravity irrigation systems, which irrigated grasslands. Others are networks of ditches, which allowed for the farming of parts of the marshes (vineyards, hemp, cereals) during Antiquity. Most of the archaeological settlements recovered in the marsh date from that period. They are interpreted as small settlements specialized in artisanal and agricultural activities
Popineau, Jean-Marc. „Dynamique du peuplement rural en zone de passage et de frontières, de l'Antiquité au début de l'époque moderne : l'exemple du bassin-versant du Rouanne (Oise)“. Amiens, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AMIE0015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBouvard, Emmanuelle marie. „Empreintes monastiques en moyenne montagne du XIIe siècle à l’Actuel : archéologie des espaces et des paysages cisterciens dans les anciens diocèses de Clermont et du Puy“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2013/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Cistercian presence in Auvergne and Velay benefits for the first time from a synoptic work. The Cistercian order in the former Clermont and Le Puy dioceses encompasses ten abbeys frequently ignored by historiography: Montpeyroux, Bellaigue, Feniers and Le Bouchet (Clermont diocese) formed the male branch of the settlements, whereas L’Éclache, La Vassin, Mègemont (Clermont diocese), Bellecombe, Clavas and La Séauve-sur-Semène (Le Puy diocese) were aimed for nuns. The swarming took place between 1126 and the very beginning of the XIIIth century, due to the local aristocrats turning those settlements into territorial landmarks by setting up their burial places there and feeding monastic aspirations. Their borderline localization, i.e. as marches, participated in this political stance, all the while contributing to the economic stimulation of lands remote from the lord’s main estate. Hence, despite a dense mesh of monasteries prior to their coming, the Cistercians obtained a singular position in the religious landscape of both dioceses, as much regarding their links to local elites as regarding the interstitial spaces which they inherited, on the side of the main vital axes (the Loire and Allier rivers corridors). These results constitute the first step in our work, which consisted in confronting the various agents of the diocese’s territories with the Cistercian occupation through a historiographical investigation and the production of analytical cartographic material. The second step of the research dealt with the morphological study of the sites hosting the monastic compounds.The addition of archival data (mainly records from the regular clergy, the National Forests Office, and the Napoleonic land registers) to bibliographic information (scholar notes from the XIXth century, recent specialist’s articles, regionalist literature, scientific articles, archaeological reports, memoirs and academic publications…) along with archaeological evidence pertained to a wide-ranging prospection, which was enhanced with a geomorphological approach, insofar as our mainly archaeological skills allowed. In addition to the study of sedimentary rocks through occasional soundings, stratigraphic cross-sections of riverbanks, and core samples taken off four reference sites with the assistance of geomorphologists, the initial research consisted in interpreting the cartographic and photographic records (documents from the National Geographic Institute) so as to envision a diachronic approach to the territorial data. Once the significant aspects of the landscape were located, according to principles borrowed from archeogeography, and after the relics of both the abbeys and their immediate surroundings were marked (identification and partial research according to the situation, inventory of the hydraulic constructions), a topographic study was initiated in six structures (a homogeneous treatment could not be secured for the whole corpus for reasons connected to accessibility, plant coverings and preservation of the relics). The results are presented using an analytical corpus set up from the foregoing ten abbeys.To conclude, the whole research is apprehended through three points: the systemic relationships between the Cistercian settlements and the local aristocracy (topolineage); the definition of the monastic domains from an economic and spatial perspective; and the ideological and pragmatic considerations leading to the arrangement of the constructions
Casile, Anne. „Temples et expansion d’un centre religieux en Inde centrale : lectures du paysage archéologique de Badoh-Pathari du 5e au 10ème siècle de notre ère“. Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030114.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBased on new data acquired from fieldwork, this Ph.D. dissertation is devoted to the archaeological study of temples and their place in the expansion of an important site in Central India, Badoh-Pathari (Vidisa district, Madhya Pradesh), between the 5th and the 10th century AD. This empirical research covers a geographic area of about 80 km², in which a large number of sites and remains from temples and hydraulic structures were discovered and examined. As historic artefacts organized in space and time and within various ecological and anthropogenic contexts, the remains of these temples and hydraulic structures testify of several interrelated socioeconomic processes in the formation of a centre in early medieval time. This work deals not only with the material of these artefacts and the structural configuration of the sites, but also with the landscape in which they are kept and distributed, reflecting how the dynamic rela! tionship between man and environment were forged. It is crucial to integrate the study of both material sources and landscape in a historical context in order to address the question about the role of religious institutions in the economic, political and religious development of a centre in early medieval time. The purpose of this work is: (1) to examine in detail the remains and their archaeological context, as well as the spatial and chronological distribution of sites, (2) to explore the landscape features in which they are kept, the functions of hydraulic structures and their spatial relation to cult sites, (3) to develop an integrated analysis of various data in the framework of a geographic information system (GIS)
Fily, Muriel. „Les monuments funéraires et les dépôts métalliques dans le paysage rituel de l’Âge du Bronze : l’exemple du centre-ouest de la Bretagne et du Finistère littoral (France)“. Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S160.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe main objective of the study is to determine whether the relief is decisive in choosing the location of graves, Bronze hoards and isolated metal objects of the Bronze Age in central-west Brittany and in the Finistère coast (France). We attempt to understand the role of the landscape through its hills and valleys in the funeral and ritual world. Much information about the sites was compiled in a database, from ancient and recent discoveries. A location is proposed for each site. Numerous precautions have been implemented: taking into account a large sample quantity, successive treatment sites depending on the degree of certainty of their function, their date, the accuracy of the location, and relativization by statistics. Spatial analysis are made using a GIS. To the question of the determine role of relief in the choice of the establishment of graves, the answer is yes: a strong attraction for the high positions in landscape and a generalized rejection to the low ones is demonstrated. A preference for the dead lay in high areas of landscape has been observed in other countries of Western Europe. Beliefs and a certain conception of death should be shared by these people. To the question of the role of relief to burry the hoards and isolated metal objects, the answer is more nuanced: it is not the only factor. The burials and the hoards followed therefore different modes of establishment and should remain varied concepts and beliefs
Robert, Sandrine. „L' analyse morphologique des paysages entre archéologie, urbanisme et aménagement du territoire : exemples d'études de formes urbaines et rurales dans le Val-d'Oise“. Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010608.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCann, Typhaine. „L'invention du paysage culturel sous-marin : le traitement en patrimoine des épaves de la Mer d'Iroise et ses ambiguïtés“. Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0021/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research investigates the tendency we have to use things as mediators in our dealing with the past. It aims at drawing the evolution of the status of the things taken back from the sea by inhabitants of coastal areas. Underwater pictures may have become part of our daily life, but not long ago the ocean was still considered as the realm of the unknown, a reality that people didn’t challenge fearlessly. To pick up what stand as foreshore, which seemed nevertheless to play a fundamental part in the interactions between human societies and the ocean, induces a certain unease, for this practise depends on an “economy of salvage” which is at odds with domestic life. This trouble is strenghten by a “culture macabre” which pervades the atmosphere in traditional Brittany (partly fostered by castaways). Still, nowadays the balance seems to be likely to reverse, and it is man who appears as being a threat hanging over the Ocean. The creation of a rotected Marine Area in western Finistere is part of a global system aimed at managing time and space, including patrimonialization of shipwrecks. The inquiry shows that the engraving of memory in public areas echoes with the exhibition of individual memory in privacy. Between “trophies” and “relics”, the souvenirs salvaged by divers reveal the strenght of mechanisms of identification to the group, to places and to their history. These mechanisms are not always conscious. We shall not deny the ambiguity of such process of reinventing the past but this study intends to highlight the emotional affects observed on the ground
Dachy, Tiphaine. „Kharga (Égypte) durant la préhistoire holocène : l'occupation humaine d'une oasis et sa périodisation“. Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKharga oasis is located in the heart of the eastern Sahara. In this region, human occupation is linked to a limiting factor: water, whom former presence is attested by geomorphological forms as playas and artesian fossil springs. The data studied here were gathered in the course of 10 years of fieldwork during the Douch archaeological mission (IFAO). A systematic survey permitted to draw the archaeological map of this area and revealed 84 sites including 359 clusters attributed to Holocene Prehistory. The archaeological material coming from stratigraphic excavations, tests and collections serve as a basis for our work. The analyse is guided by several lines of thought. Establishing the archaeological sequence thanks to lithic industries and radiocarbon dating is the first step. It is then possible to understand the relationship between landscape, environment and human occupation’s strategies. This approach allows us to question the place of Kharga at a regional scale during times of technologic, economic and climatic change
Le, Couédic Mélanie. „Les pratiques pastorales d'altitude dans une perspective ethnoarchéologique. Cabanes, troupeaux et territoires pastoraux pyrénéens de la préhistoire à nos jours“. Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2011/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study takes an interest in pastoral altitude areas in the long term and integrates itself into the framework of pastoral archaeological research in the Pyrenees. It rests on ethnoarchaeological approach and aims to a better understanding of the practices in these areas through two axes i.e. the elaboration of a pastoral altitude areas’ corpus and the making of a system of reference regarding to the distances travelled by herds. The aim is to consider the pastoral territories, their reconstructions and above all the identification of the material correlates which enables pastoral territories’ present and long-term approach. Shacks and pens governing held’s deployment are considered in connection with other sources i.e. paleoenvironmental and planimetric. At last pastoral areas are compared to written sources preserved by the valley’s communities since the Middle Ages
Benarrous, Renaud Elie Pierre. „La Grande Brenne aux périodes préindustrielles, Indre : contribution à l'histoire des paysages, des étangs et des relations sociétés/milieux dans une zone humide continentale : approches historique, archéologique et paléo-environnementale“. Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010638.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle