Thematische Bibliographien / Arc of the western Alps

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Arc of the western Alps“

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Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Arc of the western Alps"

Piana, Fabrizio, Luca Barale, Carlo Bertok, Anna d’Atri, Andrea Irace und Pietro Mosca. „The Alps-Apennines Interference Zone: A Perspective from the Maritime and Western Ligurian Alps“. Geosciences 11, Nr. 5 (25.04.2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11050185.

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In SW Piemonte the Western Alps arc ends off in a narrow, E-W trending zone, where some geological domains of the Alps converged. Based on a critical review of available data, integrated with new field data, it is concluded that the southern termination of Western Alps recorded the Oligocene-Miocene activity of a regional transfer zone (southwestern Alps Transfer, SWAT) already postulated in the literature, which should have allowed, since early Oligocene, the westward indentation of Adria, while the regional shortening of SW Alps and tectonic transport toward the SSW (Dauphinois foreland) was continuing. This transfer zone corresponds to a system of deformation units and km-scale shear zones (Gardetta-Viozene Zone, GVZ). The GVZ/SWAT developed externally to the Penninic Front (PF), here corresponding to the Internal Briançonnais Front (IBF), which separates the Internal Briançonnais domain, affected by major tectono-metamorphic transformations, from the External Briançonnais, subjected only to anchizonal metamorphic conditions. The postcollisional evolution of the SW Alps axial belt units was recorded by the Oligocene to Miocene inner syn-orogenic basin (Tertiary Piemonte Basin, TPB), which rests also on the Ligurian units stacked within the adjoining Apennines belt in southern Piemonte. The TPB successions were controlled by transpressive faults propagating (to E and NE) from the previously formed Alpine belt, as well as by the Apennine thrusts that were progressively stacking the Ligurian units, resting on the subducting Adriatic continental margin, with the TPB units themselves. This allows correlation between Alps and Apennines kinematics, in terms of age of the main geologic events, interference between the main structural systems and tectonic control exerted by both tectonic belts on the same syn-orogenic basin.

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Schmid, Stefan M., Eduard Kissling, Tobias Diehl, Douwe J. J. van Hinsbergen und Giancarlo Molli. „Ivrea mantle wedge, arc of the Western Alps, and kinematic evolution of the Alps–Apennines orogenic system“. Swiss Journal of Geosciences 110, Nr. 2 (29.03.2017): 581–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00015-016-0237-0.

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Lickorish, W. H., M. Ford, J. Bürgisser und P. R. Cobbold. „Arcuate thrust systems in sandbox experiments: A comparison to the external arcs of the Western Alps“. GSA Bulletin 114, Nr. 9 (01.09.2002): 1089–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<1089:atsise>2.0.co;2.

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Abstract In the external Western Alps, two regional structural arcs were generated during Tertiary northwest-directed collision between the Apulian indenter and the European passive margin. These arcs, distinguished by their geographic position and their age, are examined by using a new compilation of structural data and comparing these to the results of sandbox-analogue experiments. The principal Western Alpine arc comprises two orthogonal, synchronous thrust systems. In the late Eocene–early Miocene, major shortening (105 km) was toward the northwest to west-northwest, and minor shortening (11 km) was toward the southwest. Shortening in each branch decreased toward the core of the arc. During the late Miocene and Pliocene, the Jura arc accommodated 35 km of northwest- directed shortening, while 10.5 km of southwest- to south-southwest–directed shortening was accommodated on the Digne thrust system. Sandbox experiments were used to investigate the role of the motion vector of a rigid rectangular indenter (orthogonal, diagonal, curved, or rotational paths) and the mechanical stratigraphy of the foreland in the evolution of upper-crustal arcuate systems (e.g., presence of a basal easy-slip [silicone] horizon). Comparison of experimental results with the external Alpine arc suggests that the indenter followed a slightly diagonal path with respect to the European margin from the Eocene to the early Miocene and curved counterclockwise by 10°–15° in the middle Miocene. Mechanical stratigraphy experiments support the hypothesis that thick Triassic evaporites played a primary role in the evolution of the Jura arc. The influence of mechanical stratigraphy was most prominent during weak deformation at the external boundaries of the Alpine orogen (Jura fold-and-thrust belt, Digne thrust).

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Giardino, Marco. „Spatial and temporal dimensions in the neotectonic evolution of the arc-shaped Western Alps“. Quaternary International 279-280 (November 2012): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.08.209.

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Larroque, C., N. Béthoux, E. Calais, F. Courboulex, A. Deschamps, J. Déverchère, J. F. Stéphan, J. F. Ritz und E. Gilli. „Active and recent deformation at the Southern Alps – Ligurian basin junction“. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 80, Nr. 3-4 (Dezember 2001): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600023878.

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AbstractThe Southern Alps – Ligurian basin junction is one of the most active seismic areas in Western Europe countries. The topographic and the structural setting of this region is complex because of (i) its position between the high topography of the Southern Alps and the deep, narrow Ligurian oceanic basin, and (ii) the large number of structures inherited from the Alpine orogeny. Historical seismicity reveals about twenty moderate-size earthquakes (up to M=6.0), mostly distributed along the Ligurian coast and the Vésubie valley. A recent geodetic experiment shows a significant strain rate during the last 50 years in the area between the Argentera massif and the Mediterranean coastline. Results of this experiment suggest a N-S shortening of about 2-4 mm/yr over the network, this shortening direction is consistent with the seismological (P-axes of earthquakes) and the microtectonic data. The Pennic front (E-NE of the Argentera massif) and the northern Ligurian margin are the most seismically active areas. In the Nice arc and in the Argentera massif, some seismic lineaments correspond to faults identified in the field (such as theTaggia-Saorge fault or the Monaco-Sospel fault). In the western part of the Alpes Maritimes, no seismic activity is recorded in the Castellane arc. In the field, geological evidence, such as offsets of recent alluvial sediments, recent fault breccia, speleothem deformations, radon anomalies and others indicates recent deformation along these faults. Nevertheless, to this date active fault scarps have not been identified: this probably results from a relatively high erosion rate versus deformation rate and from the lack of Quaternary markers. We also suspect the presence of two hidden active faults, one in the lower Var valley (Nice city area) and the other one at the base of the Argentera crustal thrust-sheet. Offshore, along the northern Ligurian margin, the seismic reflection data shows traces of Quaternary extensional deformation, but the accuracy of the data does not yet allow the construction of a structural map nor does it allow the determination of the continuity between the offshore and onshore structures. From these data set we propose a preliminary map of 11 active faults and we discuss the questions which remain unsolved in the perspective of seismic hazard evaluations.

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Ivančič, Kristina, Rok Brajkovič und Mirijam Vrabec. „Geochemical and Mineralogical Approaches in Unraveling Paleoweathering, Provenance, and Tectonic Setting of the Clastic Sedimentary Succession (Western Central Paratethys)“. Applied Sciences 14, Nr. 2 (08.01.2024): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020537.

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Pronounced tectonic and paleogeographic changes were detected in the Alpine–Pannonian region during the Miocene at the interface between the Alps, the Dinarides, and the Pannonian Basin. To understand the major tectonic, paleogeographic, and paleoclimatic changes during this period, geochemical and mineralogical investigations were carried out on the fine-grained clastic sedimentary rocks in the Tunjice Hills. The paleoweathering indicates a cold and/or arid to a warm and humid period. The paleoclimate and the regional climatic conditions correspond well with the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum. The mineral composition shows an abundance of quartz and calcite. Quartz is associated with detrital origin from volcanic and metamorphic rocks of the Eastern and Southern Alps and with authigenic processes in sediments. Calcite is related to authigenic origin formed in shallow marine environments and to detrital provenance from the Southern Alps. Not all discriminant functions based on major oxides provided adequate results in determining the tectonic setting. The source rocks were subjected to oceanic island arc and collision. Moreover, sedimentation was influenced by both active and passive margin settings. The former is related to the Alpine collision, which continued from the Cenozoic onward, and the latter is connected to the processes associated with the formation of the Pannonian Basin System, which began in the late Early Miocene.

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Bernet, Matthias, und Pierre Tricart. „The Oligocene orogenic pulse in the southern Penninic arc (western Alps): structural, sedimentary and thermochronological constraints“. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 182, Nr. 1 (01.01.2011): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.182.1.25.

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Abstract The Oligocene evolution of the southern branch of the western Alpine arc, more precisely the stack of metamorphic Briançonnais and Piedmont nappes composing the southern Penninic arc (SPA), are the focus of this study. We review published structural, sedimentological and thermochronological data in order to discuss exhumation of the SPA. At first, we compare bedrock zircon and apatite fission-track (FT) data from the SPA with detrital thermochronologic data (zircon FT, white mica 40Ar/39Ar) from Oligocene molasse deposits. Using improved stratigraphic ages for the Barrême basin, samples from the uppermost Rupelian “Conglomérat de Clumanc” and the Chattian “Molasse Rouge” provided zircon FT lag times of ~3.5 and 8 m.y., indicating source exhumation rates on the order of ~1.5 and ~0.75 km/m.y. respectively. These short lag times are consistent with lag times of 40Ar-39Ar ages of detrital white mica from the same formations in the same basin, and also from Oligocene molasse sediments in the Tertiary Piedmont basin. The sediment source for these grains as for the associated clasts of blueschist, is identified as the HP-LT metamorphic units of the SPA. The source cannot be the Ubaye-Embrunais nappes as classically considered, because these nappes do not bear the required metamorphic imprint. This interpretation is consistent with fast Oligocene cooling of the SPA, as attested by in situ zircon and apatite FT analyses. Such fast and relatively old cooling is a peculiarity of the southern branch of the western Alpine arc, when considering the entire arc. A second range of data concerns the structural building of the SPA. The initial stacking of metamorphic nappes in a poorly elevated accretionnary wedge was completed before the end of the Eocene. During the Early Oligocene collision, this wedge was severely refolded, acquiring its fan structure, as visible in cross section, and its curvature in map view. In such a context, we propose that fast exhumation and cooling of the SPA during the Oligocene resulted from active erosion of rapidly raised high topography. This is consistent with the sudden arrival of metamorphic Penninic clasts in the molasse basins along both flanks of the belt. Moreover, detrital and in situ thermochronological ages, suggest a strong slowing down of cooling and exhumation from the Miocene onwards, coinciding with brittle extension that dominates in the SPA during this long period. The brief Early Oligocene rise of a SPA cordillera, contrasts with the preceding and subsequent period of poor relief of the SPA. The mountainous character of the SPA today is not directly inherited from the Oligocene orogenic climax, as modern high relief and elevation are most likely related to rejuvenation under climatic control during the Quaternary.

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Germann, Christoph. „Hypera temperei Hoffmann, 1958 – first discovery of the western alpine element in the Swiss Alps with biological details, and new morphological insights (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)“. Alpine Entomology 5 (09.03.2021): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.5.61597.

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Since its description based on a single female from the Maritime Alps in France, no other localities of this enigmatic alpine species have become public. In a scree slope in the Valais at high montane altitude Hypera temperei Hoffmann, 1958 was discovered for the first time elsewhere, in Switzerland. The species’ biology is unravelled, its habitat is described, and photographs of the male, larvae and pupa are presented. The re-investigation of the species morphology revealed that Hypera temperei is closest to H. postica (Gyllenhal, 1813), and not to H. viciae (Gyllenhal, 1813) as previously supposed. A revision of specimens in collections revealed that H. temperei is distributed even more eastern in the alpine Arc in Grisons at high montane to high alpine altitudes. Hence the species shows a considerably wider distribution in the Alps than supposed before.

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Champagnac, Jean-Daniel, Bastien Delacou, Pierre Tricart, Christian Sue*, Martin Burkhard und Cécile Allanic. „Regional brittle extension in Quaternary sediments of Lanslebourg (Haute-Maurienne valley, western Alps)“. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 177, Nr. 4 (01.07.2006): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.177.4.215.

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Abstract Brittle tectonics of the internal zones of the Western Alps is characterized by important normal faulting and minor transcurent faulting. Two different directions of extension occur through time, but the age of transition remains unconstrained. In order to fill this gap, and to provide new neotectonic data, we studied faulted Quaternary peri-glacial deposits in the core of the W-Alpine belt (Contamines Quarry, Lanslebourg, Haute-Maurienne/Vanoise area). These glaciolacustrine and fluvio-glacial sediments are capped by a ground moraine, which is related to a small glacier advance that occurred during the latest deglaciation of the Arc Valley (Pleistocene-Holocene transition). The faults cross-cut the moraine and are younger than this latest glacier advance. They are not affected by ice-related loading and movement. These faults show normal components with moderate to high dips (50° to 80°) and small to medium vertical offsets (mm- to m- scale). Offsets are visible due to contrasted lithologies of the sediments. Conjugated dihedra with two fault orientations are recognized, namely N-S and NW-SE. These fault orientations are consistent with an E-W to ENE-WSW direction of extension, and an unknown (but possibly minor) part of transcurrence. This direction of extension is parallel to the Arc Valley, and to the downstream direction of the paleo-glacier, as well as to the shear direction of the loadcast structures created by the ice weight and flow. The different possible origins of the faults are discussed, but their orientation is likely to be tectonically driven. The directions of faulting are consistent with N-S and NW-SE regional faulting within the Cretaceous Schistes lustrés inferred by in situ analyses and remote sensing measurements. The distribution of faults in the quarry near a km-scale fault, as well as their cross-cutting relationships to the moraine and the shear figures, suggest that the faulting of the Quaternary sediments is guided by a regional (i.e. tectonic) stress field. Since the faulting is younger than the latest glacier advance (ca. 10 to 15 ky) and is consistent with the current orogen-perpendicular extension, we propose that the seismogenic extension occurred from (at least) the latest Pleistocene onward.

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Tricart, Pierre, Stephane Schwartz, Christian Sue, Gerard Poupeau und Jean-Marc Lardeaux. „La denudation tectonique de la zone ultradauphinoise et l'inversion du front brianconnais au sud-est du Pelvoux (Alpes occidentales); une dynamique miocene a actuelle“. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 172, Nr. 1 (01.01.2001): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/172.1.49.

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Abstract In the western Alps, to the southeast of the Pelvoux massif (Champsaur-Embrunais-Brianconnais-Queyras transect), the Brianconnais zone consists of the southern tip of the Zone Houillere and small nappes of Mesozoic sediments, emplaced during the Eocene in HP-LT metamorphic conditions. During the Oligocene this tectonic pile was thrusted onto a late Eocene to early Oligocene flexural basin, deformed in low grade metamorphic conditions and belonging to the Ultradauphine zone. This major thrust, called here CBF [Chevauchement Brianconnais Frontal: Tricart 1986] represents the boundary between the external and the internal zones of the western Alps. It contains thin tectonic lenses of Subbrianconnais origin, so that the Brianconnais Front and the Penninic Front almost merge. Late Alpine extension. - We have recently discovered that the CBF was subsequently reactivated as an extensional detachment. This major negative inversion is associated with widespread extension in the internal (Brianconnais and Piemont) zones, resulting in multiscale normal faulting. Current field work in the Queyras area shows that this brittle multitrend extension is a continuation of the ductile extension that accompanied the exhumation of blue-schist bearing metamorphic units. Along the same transect, the external (Ultradauphine) zone was not affected by late-Alpine extension. This is still the present situation: to the east of the aseismic Pelvoux massif, the CBF bounds the Brianconnais seismic arc, the activity of which may be the continuation of the late-Alpine extension. At the scale of the western Alpine arc, active extensional-transtensional tectonics dominate in the internal zones while compressional uplift affects the external zone. In this contrasted stress field, the thrust-fault zone between internal and external arcs plays a major role of decoupling that can be demonstrated in several sites between the area analysed here and the Central Alps, including along the Ecors profile. Contribution of thermochronology. - In this paper, we compare apatite fission track (FT) ages from both sides of the inverted CBF to the southeast of the Pelvoux massif. In the hangingwall of the CBF, two ages were obtained from magmatic intrusions within the Zone houillere, close to Briancon. They are compared to recently published ages from the Champsaur Sandstones unit in the footwall of the CBF, along the same transect.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Arc of the western Alps"

Aillères, Laurent. „Structure et cinématique de la zone houillère briançonnaise entre Arc et Isère (Alpes francaises) : apport de l'inversion des données de la déformation finie aux modèles cinématiques classiques“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1996_AILLERES_L.pdf.

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A partir de nouvelles observations structurales, nous proposons un nouveau modèle cinématique pour la Zone Houillère Briançonnaise, située au-dessus du front briançonnais (structure majeure des Alpes occidentales). Ce modèle est conforté par l'inversion des données de déformation finie, interpolées et visualisées à l'aide du modeleur 3D GOCAD (ENSG-LIAD Nancy). Les données de déformation finie ont été acquises par l'utilisation d'algorithmes d'analyse d'images, semi-automatisées au cours de ce travail. L'inversion a été effectuée à l'aide du logiciel FaultPack (Université Rennes 1). Le modèle cinématique qui résulte de ce travail se décompose en trois évènements principaux suivis d'un épisode extensif. L'évènement D1 traduit très probablement la subduction de l'océan piémontais au cours de laquelle, restant dans le prisme d'accrétion tectonique, la Zone Houillère subit un écaillage vers L'ouest alors qu'une partie de la Vanoise est entrainée dans la subduction. Au cours de D2, la subduction de la Vanoise se bloque et cette zone est alors charriée sur la Zone Houillère puis elle l'emboutit. L'évènement D3 est associé à l'indentation de la croûte européenne par le poinçon adriatique. Cette indentation est, entre autre, la cause de la surrection des Massifs cristallins externes qui réactive une surface correspondant au Front Briançonnais originel (décollement précoce D1 et/ou structure D2) en faille normale. Le rebroussement résultant de la surrection des Massifs cristallins externes produit une structure de type roll-over. L'évènement extensif D4, continuum plus superficiel de D3, provoque alors le basculement de tout l'édifice vers l'Ouest

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Brunsmann, Quentin. „L’arc des Alpes occidentales : cinématique et mécanismes de formation au jour de nouvelles données structurales et paléomagnétiques“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS299.

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La formation des arcs orogéniques résulte de plusieurs processus tectoniques ayant agi sur la configuration pré-orogénique, pré-collisionnelle ou sur la tectonique collisionelle. La formation de l’arc des Alpes occidentales est attribuée à l’indentation collisionnelle de la marge Européenne et du prisme orogénique par l’indenteur Adriatique. Cependant la direction d’indentation, sa composante rotationnelle et les mécanismes d’accommodation ne font pas consensus et de nombreux modèles cinématiques proposent des explications incompatibles entre elles, afin d’expliquer la géométrie arquée de la chaîne. L’évaluation des différents modèles de formation de l’arc des Alpes occidentales met en avant la probabilité de l’existence d’un proto-arc hérité de la phase de subduction et amplifié par l’indentation Adriatique, essentiellement vers le NW. Ces deux phases permettent d’expliquer la formation de l’arc à l’exception de sa terminaison méridionale E-W. En effet l’orientation des structures de l’arc de Castellane semble héritée des structures pyrénéo-provençales, antérieures à la collision Alpine et réactivées par une convergence N-S post-Tortonien (~12 Ma), sans lien direct avec la collision Alpine. Concernant la direction WNW-ESE des Alpes Ligures, elle semble être influencée par la rotation antihoraire de 50° des Apennins, liée au rollback du slab Adriatique, contemporain de l’ouverture du bassin Liguro-Provençal (23-15 Ma). Une compilation exhaustive des données de paléomagnétisme dans les Alpes a été construite et complétée par 11 sites de nouvelles données. L’étude des rotations d’axe vertical de ces données a permis de réfuter l’existence d’une rotation significative de la plaque Adriatique durant la collision Alpine. Les tests oroclinaux, réalisés à plusieurs échelles, mettent en évidence que l’arc des Alpes occidentales se développe sous l’effet de l’indentation vers le NW à partir d’un prisme orogénique déjà faiblement arqué avant la collision. La marge Européenne ne semble pas subir de rotation, impliquant une propagation d’un arc hérité de la marge passive Mésozoique. La géométrie actuelle de l’arc serait principalement contrôlée par la structure pré-collisionnelle de la marge Européenne que le prisme orogénique adopte sous l’effet de l’indentation Adriatique vers le NW. Sa terminaison méridionale aurait une histoire géodynamique différente. Elle serait le résultat de l’héritage pyrénéo-provençal avec réactivation Miocène dans la Zone Externe, et d’une rotation antihoraire de la Zone Interne, en lien avec l’orogénèse Apennine. L’indentation Adriatique, parfois interprétée comme principalement vers l’ouest, serait accommodée au Sud de l’arc par un décrochement senestre d’environs 50km selon la littérature. Cette interprétation est testée par une étude structurale de terrain, associée à une analyse géostatistique des trajectoires en carte des plans de schistosité et de stratigraphie. Les résultats semblent confirmer l’existence de décrochements senestres associés à une tectonique transpressive syn-collisionnelle. Cependant l’importance de ces décrochements paraît marginale en comparaison des 50 km de déplacement supposé. Cette analyse structurale a par ailleurs mis en évidence une déformation polyphasée dans le Dauphinois, associée à une mylonitisation localisée et caractérisée par un étirement N120°. L’évaluation des températures maximales par la méthode RSCM indique des Tmax supérieures à 350°C à la bordure Nord de l’Argentera, atteignant localement 400°C correspondant à un métamorphisme régional plus important que celui généralement attribué à ce secteur des Alpes. Ce métamorphisme est principalement associé à l’enfouissement tectonique par le passage des nappes internes sur le Dauphinois au début de la collision. Dans la région du massif de l’Argentera, les Tmax dans le Dauphinois correspondent à une profondeur d’enfouissement de 11 km au niveau du Front Pennique diminuant jusqu’à 4 km à l’aplomb de l’arc de Castellane
The formation of orogenic arcs results from several tectonic processes that may have affected the pre-orogenic, pre-collisional tectonic setting, or the collisional tectonic. The formation of the Western Alpine arc is classically attributed to collisional indentation of the European margin and the orogenic prism by the Adriatic indenter. However, the direction of indentation, its rotational component, or the accommodation mechanisms of this indentation are not agreed upon and the numerous kinematic models of the arcuate geometry of the chain are not compatible with one another. The evaluation of the different models of the formation of the Western Alpine arc allows to put forward the probability of the existence of a proto-arc inherited from the subduction phase, and amplified by the Adriatic indentation towards the NW. These two processes explain the formation of the Western Alpine arc, except for its E-W southern termination. Indeed, the orientation of the Castellane Arc seems to be mainly inherited from the Pyrenean-Provençal structures, preceding Alpine collision, and reactivated by post-Tortonian (~12 Ma) N-S convergence, not directly related to Alpine collision. Concerning the WNW-ESE direction of the southern termination of the arc, which forms the Ligurian Alps, it seems to have rotated counterclockwise by 50° with the northern Apennines, linked to the rollback of the Adriatic slab, contemporary with the opening of the Liguro-Provençal basin (23-15 Ma). A compilation of paleomagnetic data in the Alps was constructed and completed with 11 new data sites. The study of vertical-axis rotations, estimated by paleomagnetic analysis refutes the existence of significant rotation of the Adriatic plate during Alpine collision. Oroclinal tests, carried out at several scales, show that the Western Alpine arc develops under the effect of indentation towards the NW from an orogenic prism that is already weakly arcuate before the onset of collision. Furthermore, the European continental margin does not seem to undergo significant rotation, implying propagation of an arc that is mainly inherited from the Mesozoic passive margin. The present geometry of the Western Alpine arc would be mainly controlled by the pre-collisional structure of the European margin that the orogenic prism adopts under the effect of NW Adriatic indentation. Its southern termination would have a different geodynamic history. It would be the result of Pyrenean-Provençal inheritance, reactivated during the Miocene in the External Zone, and of an anti-clockwise rotation of the Internal Zone, linked to the Apennine orogeny. Adriatic indentation, sometimes assumed to follow a westward trajectory, would be accommodated to the south of the arc by a sinistral shear zone of about 50km according to literature. This interpretation is tested by a structural field study, associated with a geostatistical analysis of map trajectories of the schistosity and stratigraphy planes. The results confirm the existence of sinistral shear zones associated with syn-collisional transpressive tectonics. However, these faults seem to represent minor structures with respect to the accommodation of 50 km of displacement. This structural analysis has also highlighted polyphase deformation in the Dauphinois, associated with localised mylonitisation is characterised by a N120° stretching. The assessment of the maximum temperatures by the RSCM method indicates temperatures above 350°C at the northern edge of the Argentera, reaching locally 400°C, corresponding to a regional metamorphism that is more important than the one attributed to this sector of the Alps. This metamorphism is mainly associated with tectonic burial due to thrusting of the internal nappes on the Dauphinois at the beginning of collision. In the Argentera Massif region, the Tmax in the Dauphinois correspond to a burial depth of 11.3 ± 1 km at the level of the Pennine Front, decreasing to 4 km below the Castellane arc

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Weston, Peter John. „The origin and kinematics of the Alpine arc“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253478.

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Ustaszewski, Michaela. „Active tectonics in the central and western Swiss Alps /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://www.zb.unibe.ch/download/eldiss/07ustaszewski_m.pdf.

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Maurer, Hansruedi Maurer Hansruedi Maurer Hansruedi. „Seismotectonics and upper crustal structure in the western swiss alps /“. Zürich, 1993. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10268.

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Hubbard, Bryn Pugh. „Basal ice facies and their formation in the western Alps“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239624.

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Marucco, Francesca. „Spatial population dynamics of recolonizing wolves in the western Alps“. Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-10092009-140452.

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Bowtell, Sophie Ann. „Geochronological and geochemical studies of Zermatt-Saas Fee Ophiolite, Western Alps“. Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305487.

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Parish, M. „Tectonic evolution of the Western French Alps around St. Jean de Maurienne“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371553.

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Ashruf, Tahira Nicole <1990&gt. „The Moho reflectivity from ambient seismic noise autocorrelations beneath the Western Alps“. Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10491/1/Thesis30Sept_TahiraNicoleAshruf.pdf.

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The lower crustal structure beneath the Western Alps -- including the Moho -- bears the signature of past and present geodynamic processes. It has been the subject of many studies until now. However, its current knowledge still leaves significant open questions. In order to derive new information, independent from previous determinations, here I wish to address this topic using a different method --- ambient seismic noise autocorrelation --- that is for the first time applied to reveal Moho depth in the Western Alps. Moho reflections are identified by picking reflectivity changes in ambient seismic noise autocorrelations. The seismic data is retrieved from more than 200 broadband seismic stations, from the China--Italy--France Alps (CIFALPS) linear seismic network, and from a subset of the AlpArray Seismic Network (AASN). The automatically-picked reflectivity changes along the CIFALPS transect in the southwestern Alps show the best results in the 0.5--1 Hz frequency band. The autocorrelation reflectivity profile of the CIFALPS transect shows a steeper subduction profile,~55 to ~70 km, of the European Plate underneath the Adriatic Plate. The dense spacing of the CIFALPS network facilitates the detection of lateral continuity of crustal structure, and of the Ivrea mantle wedge reaching shallow crustal depths in the southwestern Alps. The data of the AASN stations are filtered in the 0.4--1 and 0.5--1 Hz frequency bands. Although the majority of the stations give the same Moho depth for the different frequency bands, the few stations with different Moho depths shows the care that has to be taken when choosing the frequency band for filtering the autocorrelation stacks. The new Moho depth maps by using the AASN stations are a compilation of the first and second picked reflectivity changes. The results show the complex crust-mantle structure with clear differences between the northwestern and southwestern Alps.

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Bücher zum Thema "Arc of the western Alps"

Jozef, Vozár, IGCP Project 176--Paleozoic Geodynamic Domains and their Alpidic Evolution in the Tethys., International Geological Correlation Programme, Geologický ústav Dionýza Štúra und Slovak Geological Conference (5th : 1990 : Bratislava, Slovakia 0., Hrsg. Western Carpathians, eastern Alps, Dinarides. Bratislava: Dionýz Štúr Institute of Geology, 1992.

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I.G.C.P. 235 Excursion to the Alps. (1988 Turin-Genoa). Geological framework of the Western Alps: Field meeting on highecologitic reequilibrium in the Western Alps. [Genoa]: [IGCP Project 235], 1988.

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Dodgshon, Robert. Farming Communities in the Western Alps, 1500–1914. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16361-7.

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Neillands, Robin. Eighth Army: From the Western Desert to the Alps, 1939-1945. London: John Murray, 2004.

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Nina, Shoumatoff, Hrsg. The Alps: Europe's mountain heart. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2001.

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Venturini, Guido. Geology, geochemistry, and geochronology of the inner central Sesia zone, western Alps, Italy. Lausanne, Suisse: Section des sciences de la terre, Institut de géologie et paléontologie, Université de Lausanne, 1995.

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Isaia, Marco. Aracnidi sotterranei delle Alpi occidentali italiane =: Subterranean arachnids of the western Italian Alps. Torino: Museo regionale di scienze naturali, 2011.

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Howard, McCarthy, und Geological Survey (U.S.), Hrsg. Bibliography for Triassic and Jurassic magmatic arc, western Nevada and eastern California. [Menlo Park, CA]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1993.

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Geological Survey (U.S.), Hrsg. MAS/MILS Arc/Info point coverage for the western U.S. (excluding Hawaii). [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Arc of the western Alps"

Bausch, Thomas. „Managing hybrid destinations: challenges and lessons from the Alps.“ In Tourism marketing in Western Europe, 108–26. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248753.0006.

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Abstract Using the example of the Alps, it was shown that hybridity in tourism touches primarily three marketing fields: (a) Product. Because of attractions that change their character and level of appeal throughout the year or are linked to yearly events and habits, the perception of the core elements of the destination's image varies; (b) Communication. The hybridity of the product implies the need to address different target groups, as the changing focus of the destination image attracts different, often disjunctive or mutually exclusive, consumer groups; and (c) Pricing. Similar to all fields of consumption, an increasing polarization between low cost or bargain trips and high priced luxury travelling can be found. Some travellers prefer either lowcost or luxury travelling, while others change their expenditure from trip to trip.

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Raimondi, Gianmario, Marco Angster, Marco Bellante, Paolo Benedetto Mas, Raffaele Cioffi, Livio Gaeta, Aline Pons und Matteo Rivoira. „“Going standard” on a blank page“. In Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 84–105. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.110.04rai.

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This chapter investigates non-standard languages, i.e., those which are dialectal, non-standardised – or standardised to a very limited extent, represented by the local linguistic varieties that populate the Italian Western Alps. Despite the fact that these have almost exclusively existed as spoken languages throughout their history, our particular aim is to discuss methods and problems raised by the investigation of written corpora of these varieties from a corpus linguistics perspective. This is especially challenging because corpus linguistics usually employs methods and standards elaborated for standard(ised) written varieties. Focusing the Occitan and Francoprovençal varieties, it is shown that the different historical backgrounds of the two languages also have an impact on their speakers’ attitude towards standardisation and on how texts are produced and accordingly made accessible for corpus linguistics methods.

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Armand, Fabio. „Werewolves in the Western Alps“. In Werewolf Legends, 261–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06082-3_11.

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Ryan, Paul D., John F. Dewey und John R. Graham. „The Ordovician Fore-Arc and Arc Complex“. In A Field Guide to the Geology of Western Ireland, 179–227. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97479-4_6.

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Nicolich, R. „Crop-Ecors Activity in the Western Alps“. In Joint Interpretation of Geophysical and Geological Data Applied to Lithospheric Studies, 189–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3590-0_11.

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Kochan, Lionel. „Beyond the Rhine and Over the Alps“. In The Making of Western Jewry, 1600–1819, 267–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230800021_17.

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Vacha, Damiano, Giuseppe Mandrone, Donato Morresi und Matteo Garbarino. „Mapping Post-fire Monthly Erosion Rates at the Catchment Scale Using Empirical Models Implemented in GIS. A Case Study in Northern Italy“. In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 1, 2022, 99–112. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16898-7_6.

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AbstractPost-wildfire geological hazards are an emerging problem for a number of different environments, including areas not typically associated with these events such as the Alpine Region. The risk connected with post-fire processes such as debris-flows and flood-type events threatens people, infrastructures, services and economical activities. Apart from a few examples, such as in the USA and Australia, there is a lack of models available to quantify the increase in susceptibility of the aforementioned phenomena as a result of the modification induced by the wildfires. In this work we test the application of a modified version of the RUSLE, on GIS, to quantify the post-fire erosive phenomena for a case study in the north-western Italian Alps. The results of its application, taking advantage of high-resolution rainfall series and data deriving from field surveys, highlight the marked increase (more than 20 times) in erosion rates, quantified by expressing both the EI (erodibility index), the A (monthly soil loss) and the SL (monthly sediment loss) rise. The months of April, May and June represent the larger share of the total quantities. This is a consequence of the noticeable increase of the EI, which for the post-fire scenario is more than one order of magnitude higher than the pre-fire one.

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Gentile, Luca, Walter Sartor, Giuseppe Rachino und Paulo Rachino. „Uranium and radon in the Italian Western Alps“. In IFMBE Proceedings, 682–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03902-7_196.

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Stampfli, G. M., und R. H. Marchant. „Geodynamic evolution of the Tethyan margins of the Western Alps“. In Deep Structure of the Swiss Alps, 223–39. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9098-4_17.

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Marchant, R. H., und G. M. Stampfli. „Crustal and lithospheric structure of the Western Alps: geodynamic significance“. In Deep Structure of the Swiss Alps, 326–37. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9098-4_24.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Arc of the western Alps"

Yaghoubi, A., M. B. Dusseault und Y. Leonenko. „Stress Variation Around the Balarud Lineament in the Zagros Fold and Thrust Belt and its Implication for Reservoir Geomechanics“. In 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0270.

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ABSTRACT We investigate horizontal stress variation in the vicinity of the deep-seated Balarud Lineament in the northern part of Iran's Dezful Embayment in the Zagros Fold and Thrust Belt (ZFTB). Both petrophysical data from drilled oil and gas wells (3-4 km deep) and earthquake focal plane solutions (6 to 25 km deep) are used to constrain the orientation and relative magnitudes of the local and regional stresses. The stress orientations in the sedimentary rock strata and the basement are of two entirely distinct types. In the basement, constant regional NE-SW SHmax orientation is observed in the northern ZFTB. The seismologically determined local SHmax direction from 25 focal mechanisms around the Balarud Lineament is 29.3°±8.5°. However, observations of borehole breakouts and tensile-induced fractures indicate that the dominant SHmax orientation is N-S near the Balarud Lineament. The consistent stress direction in the basement indicates a high differential horizontal stress magnitude, whereas the principal stress orientation rotates 35° counter-clockwise in the sedimentary cover where the state of stress is extensional. The Lineament's second-order stress patterns are discussed in terms of wellbore placement and completion decisions. INTRODUCTION Anomalous relative stress magnitudes and orientations have been observed in the world's various uniform lithospheric stress fields. Stress deflection may be observed due to lateral density/strength contrasts, flexural stresses, or superimposed geological structures such as faults (Sonder, 1990) and salt diapirs (Dusseault et al., 2004). In the east-west-trending Transverse Ranges (California), the horizontal stress orientation is different by 25° from the reference stress state in the NW-SE San Andreas fault (Sonder, 1990). The regional NE-SW SHmax is reoriented to N-S in the area overlying the Peace River Arch in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (Bell & McCallum, 1990). The same phenomenon is reported for the Amazon rift in central Brazil (Zoback & Richardson, 1996) and in the Swiss Alps and the northern Alpines foreland (Kastrup et al., 2004). Stress deflections can also be caused by reservoir depletion (Yale et al., 1994) and by earthquakes (Hauksson, 1994). Hauksson (1994) observed a 15° (±10°) rotation of local stress axes due to the 1992 Mw = 7.3 Landers's earthquake sequence. The scale at which second-order stress patterns occur depends on the degree of lateral density/strength contrasts and the size of geological structures and their orientation relative to regional stress fields (Sonder, 1990; Zoback, 1992).

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Centeno-Garcia, Elena. „JURASSIC ARC VOLCANISM IN WESTERN MEXICO“. In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-383494.

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Deville, É., und W. Sassi. „Integrated maturity modelling in thrust belts - Cases histories in the Western Alps“. In 58th EAEG Meeting. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201409119.

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Macagno, Sara, Luca Degiorgis und Massimo Santarelli. „H2 & RENEWABLE ENERGY: A CASE STUDY IN NORTH-WESTERN ITALIAN ALPS“. In HYSYDAYS. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/hysydays2005.510.

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Marchisio, M., A. Bianchi, X. Bodin, P. Ciuffi, L. D‘Onofrio, D. Fabre, M. Pappalardo, A. Ribolini, S. Sartini und P. Schoneich. „Application of Electrical Resistivity Tomography on Glaciers and Rock-Glaciers in the Western Alps“. In Near Surface 2005 - 11th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.13.p033.

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Chen, Anxia, Zhen Zeng, Zicong Xiao, Yi-Xiang Chen, Fang Huang und Xiaofeng Gu. „Modification of fluids in subduction channel: Evidence from barium isotopes of western Alps whiteschis“. In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.5495.

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Kempf, Elias Dominik, und Jörg Hermann. „HYDROGEN INCORPORATION AND RETENTION IN METAMORPHIC OLIVINE FROM THE ECLOGITE FACIES ZERMATT-SAAS SERPENTINITES (WESTERN ALPS)“. In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-320377.

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Rahmonov, T., und S. Ermakov. „VARIETY OF LANGUAGES IN SWITZERLAND“. In Manager of the Year. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/my2021_258-261.

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Switzerland is located at the junction of western, central and southern Europe, is landlocked and borders Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. The country is geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss plateau and the Jura, covering a total area of 41,285 km². While the Alps occupy most of the territory, Switzerland’s population of approximately 8.5 million people is mainly concentrated on the plateau, where the largest cities are located, including two global ones – Zurich and Geneva. Switzerland is at the crossroads of Germanic and Romance Europe and has four main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, Italian and Romansh.

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Gerbaldo, Paolo. „TRAVELS THROUGH THE WESTERN ALPS IN THE AGE OF GRAND TOUR: ALBANIS BEAUMONT FROM CUNEO TO NICE“. In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/2.2/s08.051.

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Ulrich, Michelle, Daniela Rubatto, Jörg Hermann, Francesca Piccoli und Cees-Jan De Hoog. „Tracking fluid flow in subducted serpentinites of the Zermatt-Saas HP-ophiolite (Western Alps) using oxygen isotopes“. In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.14088.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Arc of the western Alps"

Bailey, A., E. Bastrakov, C. Cairns, R. Cayley, R. Duncan, D. Huston, C. Lewis et al. Regional geology and mineral systems of the Stavely Arc, western Victoria. Herausgegeben von A. Schofield. Geoscience Australia, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2018.002.

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Salter und Weston. L51534 A Study of New Joining Processes for Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), Januar 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010083.

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Over many decades it has been accepted that the most economical way to produce a pipeline is to join together the standard lengths of pipe as quickly as possible, using a highly mobile task force of welders and other technicians, leaving tie-ins, crossings, etc. to smaller specialist crews. The work pattern which evolved almost invariably involved several crews of welders strung out along the pipelines, progress being controlled by the rate at which the leading pair could complete the weld root. The spread from this first crew to final inspection could be a considerable distance, acceptable on land but not acceptable offshore (a rapidly increasing need which reached a peak in the 1970's). This operation, involving costly lay barges, demanded even higher throughput rates to be achieved from a more compact working spread. In common with most manufacturing technologies, there was an increasing dissatisfaction with a system which relied entirely on the skill of a limited number of highly paid men who had little incentive to change their working practices. Increasingly there came reports of the development of new approaches to joining line-pipe, ranging from the mechanization of arc welding to entirely different forms of joining, for example, electron beam welding or mechanical joining. The investment in some of these developments is reported to be several million dollars. The review of present pipelining practice shows that only a handful has been put to practical use, and in the western world, probably only one, an arc welding variant, has been used to produce more than a few hundred miles of pipeline. The information available on these developments is sparse and is scattered amongst a range of companies and research agencies. A literature review and research study to collect together as much of this information as is available, assemble it into a coherent and useable form and identify those developments which show the most promise to fulfill future needs. The main body of the report, which reviews development of the welding processes has been divided into three main joining categories, Fusion Welding, Forge Welding and Mechanical Interference Joining. Within each category each process is considered separately in terms of process principles, general applications, application to pipeline welding, equipment for pipe welding, consumables, process tolerance and skill requirements, weld quality and inspection, process economics, limitations and future developments. This study and comprehensive report compares the economics of the various alternatives. For each process an estimate has been made of the procedural and development costs involved as well as personnel needs and likely production rates.

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Geology and mineral resources of the Port Moller region, western Alaska Peninsula, Aleutian arc: A section in USGS research on mineral resources - 1989: Program and abstracts. US Geological Survey, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/70180234.

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