Thematische Bibliographien / Aqueous and non-aqueous systems / Zeitschriftenartikel
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Aqueous and non-aqueous systems“

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Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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1

Dyab, Amro K. F., und Hafiz N. Al-Haque. „Particle-stabilised non-aqueous systems“. RSC Advances 3, Nr. 32 (2013): 13101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra42338g.

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2

Friberg, Stig E. „Foams from non-aqueous systems“. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 15, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2010): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2010.05.011.

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3

Kolker, A. R. „Thermodynamic modelling of concentrated aqueous electrolyte and non-aqueous systems“. Fluid Phase Equilibria 69 (Dezember 1991): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(91)90031-2.

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4

Sakthivel, Thiagarajan, Vikas Jaitely, Nisha V. Patel und Alexander T. Florence. „Non-aqueous emulsions: hydrocarbon–formamide systems“. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 214, Nr. 1-2 (Februar 2001): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00629-3.

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5

Binks, B. P., C. A. Davies, P. D. I. Fletcher und E. L. Sharp. „Non-aqueous foams in lubricating oil systems“. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 360, Nr. 1-3 (Mai 2010): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.02.028.

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6

Mazzini, Virginia, und Vincent S. J. Craig. „Specific-ion effects in non-aqueous systems“. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 23 (Juni 2016): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2016.06.009.

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7

Browarzik, D. „Phase-equilibrium calculations for non-aqueous and aqueous associating systems using continuous thermodynamics“. Fluid Phase Equilibria 230, Nr. 1-2 (März 2005): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2004.12.006.

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8

Grace, Agbizu Cookey, und Ozioma Uzoma Daniel. „Micellization of a Cationic Surfactant in Mixed Aqueous and Non-aqueous Solvent Systems“. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 19, Nr. 4 (29.02.2016): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v19i4.2.

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9

Alaei, Zahra, Beatrice Cattoz, Peter John Dowding und Peter Charles Griffiths. „Solvent Relaxation NMR as a Tool to Study Particle Dispersions in Non-Aqueous Systems“. Physchem 2, Nr. 3 (15.07.2022): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physchem2030016.

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The determination of the NMR spin–spin relaxation rate of water in (purely) aqueous particulate dispersions has been shown to be a convenient and facile experimental approach to probing the composition of near particle surface structures. Here, a systematic study has been undertaken of both non-aqueous and mixed aqueous–non-aqueous solvent particulate dispersions to explore the universality of the solvent relaxation technique. As in the aqueous case, a linear relationship between the surface area present and the solvent relaxation rate is observed, confirming the rapid exchange of the solvent molecules between the surface and the bulk and thereby illustrating the viability of the experimental methodology to study such systems. Crucially, the surface enhancement effect was considerably weaker in non-aqueous systems compared with aqueous dispersions and reflects a potential limitation of the wider deployment of this experimental methodology.
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10

Wang, Jiping, Yuanyuan Gao, Lei Zhu, Xiaomin Gu, Huashu Dou und Liujun Pei. „Dyeing Property and Adsorption Kinetics of Reactive Dyes for Cotton Textiles in Salt-Free Non-Aqueous Dyeing Systems“. Polymers 10, Nr. 9 (15.09.2018): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10091030.

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In recent years, new concepts in textile dyeing technology have been investigated which aim to decrease the use of chemicals and the emission of water. In this work, dyeing of cotton textiles with reactive dyes has been investigated in a silicone non-aqueous dyeing system. Compared with conventional aqueous dyeing, almost 100% of reactive dyes can be adsorbed on cotton textiles without using any salts in non-aqueous dyeing systems, and the fixation of dye is also higher (80%~90% for non-aqueous dyeing vs. 40%~50% for traditional dyeing). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model can best describe the adsorption and equilibrium of reactive dyes in the non-aqueous dyeing systems as well as in the traditional water dyeing system. In the non-aqueous dyeing systems, the adsorption equilibrium of reactive dyes can be reached quickly. Particularly in the siloxane non-aqueous dyeing system, the adsorption equilibrium time of reactive dye is only 5–10 min at 25 °C, whereas more time is needed at 60 °C in the water dyeing system. The surface tension of non-aqueous media influences the adsorption rate of dye. The lower the surface tension, the faster the adsorption rate of reactive dye, and the higher the final uptake of dye. As a result, non-aqueous dyeing technology provides an innovative approach to increase dye uptake under a low dyeing temperature, in addition to making large water savings.
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11

Oda, Shinobu, Yusuke Hayashi und Ryosuke Kido. „Novel, Non-aqueous Bioconversion Systems Using Fungal Spores“. Journal of Oleo Science 67, Nr. 9 (2018): 1123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess18065.

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12

Bibby, D. M., und M. P. Dale. „Synthesis of silica-sodalite from non-aqueous systems“. Nature 317, Nr. 6033 (September 1985): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/317157a0.

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13

Dawson, M. L., S. J. Farr, I. W. Kellaway und A. Bell. „PVP effect on sedimentation in non aqueous systems“. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 4 (September 1996): S141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0928-0987(97)86420-2.

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14

Gao, Qiuming, Shougui Li und Ruren Xu. „Synthesis of AlPO4-17 from non-aqueous systems“. Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, Nr. 12 (1994): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39940001465.

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15

Papadopoulos, K., J. Hadjianestis und J. Nikokavouras. „Chemiluminescence of N,N′-dialkyl-9,9′-biacridinium nitrates in aqueous and non-aqueous systems“. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 75, Nr. 2 (November 1993): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1010-6030(93)80188-f.

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16

Mazan, Valérie, Isabelle Billard und Nicolas Papaiconomou. „Experimental connections between aqueous–aqueous and aqueous–ionic liquid biphasic systems“. RSC Advances 4, Nr. 26 (2014): 13371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00645c.

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17

Roke, Sylvie. „Aqueous Nanoscale Systems“. CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 71, Nr. 5 (31.05.2017): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2017.278.

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18

Tulinski, Edward H. „Aqueous washing systems“. Metal Finishing 98, Nr. 1 (Januar 2000): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(00)80323-2.

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19

Tulinski, Edward H. „Aqueous washing systems“. Metal Finishing 97, Nr. 1 (Januar 1999): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(00)83074-3.

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20

Tulinski, Edward H. „Aqueous washing systems“. Metal Finishing 105, Nr. 10 (2007): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(07)80327-8.

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21

Tulinski, Edward H. „Aqueous washing systems“. Metal Finishing 99 (Januar 2001): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(01)85275-2.

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22

Tulinski, Edward H. „Aqueous washing systems“. Metal Finishing 100 (Januar 2002): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(02)82017-7.

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23

Tulinski, Edward H. „Aqueous washing systems“. Metal Finishing 96, Nr. 9 (September 1998): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(98)81479-7.

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24

Tulinski, Edward H. „Aqueous washing systems“. Metal Finishing 97, Nr. 1 (Januar 1999): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(99)80016-6.

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25

Demir-Cakan, Rezan, M. Rosa Palacin und Laurence Croguennec. „Rechargeable aqueous electrolyte batteries: from univalent to multivalent cation chemistry“. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, Nr. 36 (2019): 20519–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta04735b.

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26

Jedlinski, Z., und M. Sokol. „Solubility of alkali metals in non-aqueous supramolecular systems“. Pure and Applied Chemistry 67, Nr. 4 (01.01.1995): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199567040587.

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27

Geise, Geoffrey M. „Selective Ion Conducting Polymers for Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Battery Applications“. ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, Nr. 48 (22.12.2023): 2439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02482439mtgabs.

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Providing sustainable supplies of clean energy is a critical global challenge for the future. As intermittent renewable energy sources are increasingly deployed, grid-scale energy storage solutions are increasingly needed. One approach to addressing this challenge is to use flow battery technology to store and deliver grid-scale amounts of energy. Non-aqueous redox flow batteries can be operated at higher voltages and energy densities compared to aqueous systems and, as such, may offer high volumetric energy density compared to other flow batteries. A significant challenge facing non-aqueous flow batteries, however, is the lack of selective membrane separators engineered for the unique challenges of non-aqueous electrochemical systems. Suitable membranes for non-aqueous redox flow battery applications must be stable in aggressive solvent environments, offer high conductivity, and provide selectivity to prevent cross-over of redox active molecules. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of negatively charged ion conductive polymeric membranes for non-aqueous flow battery applications. Fixed negative charges were added to a poly(phenylene oxide) backbone via a custom sulfonate group-based side chain. Lithium ion conductivity and ferrocene permeability properties were characterized to evaluate the selectivity of the membrane for ion transport relative to redox active molecule cross-over (as ferrocene is a representative redox active molecule). The polymers exhibited combinations of conductivity and selectivity that are favorable compared to other Nafion-based materials, and the materials appear to be dimensionally stable in a non-aqueous electrolyte over a period of several months. Redox active molecule cross-over was analyzed within a thermodynamic regular solution framework to highlight how thermodynamic factors contribute to cross-over properties. Ultimately, the data suggest a decoupling of ion and redox active molecule transport that could inform future efforts to develop advanced non-aqueous redox flow battery membrane separators. Altogether, this presentation discusses the transport properties and stability of these materials that show promise for non-aqueous flow battery applications.
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28

Chou, Tzu-Jen, und Akihiko Tanioka. „A vapor pressure model for aqueous and non-aqueous solutions of single and mixed electrolyte systems“. Fluid Phase Equilibria 137, Nr. 1-2 (November 1997): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3812(97)00091-5.

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29

Somasundaran, P., und S. Krishnakumar. „In situ spectroscopic investigations of adsorbed surfactant and polymer layers in aqueous and non-aqueous systems“. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 93 (Dezember 1994): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-7757(94)02897-4.

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30

Su, B., und T. W. Button. „A comparative study of viscous polymer processed ceramics based on aqueous and non-aqueous binder systems“. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209, Nr. 1 (Januar 2009): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.01.046.

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31

Angell, C. A. „Electron free energy levels in oxidic solutions: relating oxidation potentials in aqueous and non-aqueous systems“. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 13, Nr. 7 (20.02.2009): 981–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-008-0775-0.

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32

López-Pérez, M. J. „Aqueous two-phase systems“. Journal of Chromatography A 689, Nr. 2 (Januar 1995): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)90025-x.

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33

Schenz, Timothy W. „Glasses in aqueous systems“. Cryobiology 24, Nr. 6 (Dezember 1987): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-2240(87)90069-1.

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34

Luo, Yuni, Liujun Pei, Hongjuan Zhang, Qi Zhong und Jiping Wang. „Improvement of the Rubbing Fastness of Cotton Fiber in Indigo/Silicon Non-Aqueous Dyeing Systems“. Polymers 11, Nr. 11 (11.11.2019): 1854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11111854.

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In order to solve the poor rubbing fastness of dyed cotton fiber in the indigo/silicon non-aqueous dyeing system, the process parameters of the silicon non-aqueous dyeing system were optimized. Dyed cotton fiber was post-treated to achieve the optimum dyeing conditions for obtaining a better rubbing fastness. Meanwhile, the dyeing performance of cotton fiber in a traditional water bath and silicon non-aqueous dyeing system was compared. The results showed that the rubbing fastness of dyed cotton fiber in the silicon non-aqueous dyeing system (one dyeing) was lower than that of traditional water bath (twelve cycles), although the color depth of dyed cotton fiber was deeper. For obtaining a good rubbing fastness, the optimum temperature was about 70 °C and the optimal dyeing cycle was one. Moreover, fixing agents can significantly improve the rubbing fastness of dyed cotton fiber. Especially, cationic waterborne polyurethane had an optimal fixing effect on the dyed cotton fiber. Soft finishing would weaken the effect of fixing finishing on the dyed cotton fiber, but the softener can significantly improve the handle of dyed cotton fiber.
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35

Kiyosawa, K. „Dependence of the Second Virial Coefficient of Aqueous Solutions of Small Non-Electrolytes on Partial Molar Volume and Molecular Weight of the Solutes“. Australian Journal of Chemistry 46, Nr. 6 (1993): 929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9930929.

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The osmotic pressures of aqueous solutions of small non-electrolytes, namely ethane-1,2-diol, propane-1,2,3-triol, sucrose and raffinose , were found to be expressible by quadratic equations of the molar concentration, which indicate that these aqueous systems involve no term higher than the second virial coefficient A2. Analysis has shown that A2 mainly does not arise from non-ideality of the aqueous solutions, but its magnitude depends on the partial molar volume of the solute, more precisely on the molecular weight or van der Waals radius or volume of the solute in the aqueous solution.
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36

Kaur, Navneet, Shweta Chopra, Gagandeep Singh, Pushap Raj, Aman Bhasin, Suban K. Sahoo, Anil Kuwar und Narinder Singh. „Chemosensors for biogenic amines and biothiols“. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 6, Nr. 30 (2018): 4872–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tb00732b.

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There is burgeoning interest among supramolecular chemists to develop novel molecular systems to detect biogenic amines and bio-thiols in aqueous and non-aqueous media due to their potential role in biological processes.
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37

Khalid, Shahid, Nicolò Pianta, Piercarlo Mustarelli und Riccardo Ruffo. „Use of Water-in-Salt Concentrated Liquid Electrolytes in Electrochemical Energy Storage: State of the Art and Perspectives“. Batteries 9, Nr. 1 (07.01.2023): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9010047.

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Batteries based on organic electrolytes have been raising safety concerns due to some associated fire/explosion accidents caused by the unusual combination of highly flammable organic electrolytes and high energy electrodes. Nonflammable aqueous batteries are a good alternative to the current energy storage systems. However, what makes aqueous batteries safe and viable turns out to be their main weakness, since water molecules are prone to decomposition because of a narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW). In this perspective we introduce aqueous batteries and then discuss the state-of-the-art of water-in-salt (WIS) electrolytes for aqueous energy storage systems. The main strategies to improve ESW are reviewed, including: (i) the use of fluorinated salts to make a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI); (ii) the use of cost-effective and highly soluble salts to reduce water activity through super concentration; and (iii) the use of hybrid electrolytes combining the advantages of both aqueous and non-aqueous phases. Then, we discuss different battery chemistries operated with different WIS electrolytes. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future technological perspectives for practical aqueous energy storage systems, including applications in stationary storage/grid, power backup, portable electronics, and automotive sectors.
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38

Sun, Sheng, Shi Xiong Yi und Nan Zhang. „Degumming of Mulberry Silk with Papain in Non-Aqueous Systems“. Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 467–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.467.

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The nonionic reverse micelles used for degumming of mulberry silk were prepared with a non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 (TX-100) by injecting small amount of papain aqueous solution. The weight loss of mulberry silk degummed at different concentration of papain in TX-100 reverse micelles was investigated. The effect of the amount of solubilized water was also discussed. The polarizing optic microscope was employed to observe the surface morphology of the mulberry silk. The results indicated that the weight loss of the mulberry silk was increased with increasing concentration of papain, but the W values exhibited the reverse trend. The good degumming of mulberry silk with papain was obtained in TX-100 reverse micelles. The strength of mulberry silk decreased with increasing concentration of papain.
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39

Tarleton, E. S., J. P. Robinson, C. R. Millington und A. Nijmeijer. „Non-aqueous nanofiltration: solute rejection in low-polarity binary systems“. Journal of Membrane Science 252, Nr. 1-2 (April 2005): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2004.12.005.

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40

Ibrahim, Omar A., und Erik Kjeang. „Leveraging co-laminar flow cells for non-aqueous electrochemical systems“. Journal of Power Sources 402 (Oktober 2018): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.09.013.

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41

Teagarden, Dirk L., und David S. Baker. „Practical aspects of lyophilization using non-aqueous co-solvent systems“. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, Nr. 2 (März 2002): 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0928-0987(01)00221-4.

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42

GAO, Q., S. LI und R. XU. „ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of AlPO4-17 from Non-Aqueous Systems.“ ChemInform 25, Nr. 43 (18.08.2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199443284.

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43

Ilesanmi, Olutosin Samuel, Yetunde Adedolapo Ojopagogo und Isaac Olusanjo Adewale. „Kinetic characteristics of purified tyrosinase from different species of Dioscorea (yam) in aqueous and non-aqueous systems“. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic 108 (Oktober 2014): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.07.009.

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44

Monot, Frédéric, Frédérique Borzeix und Jean-Paul Vandecasteele. „Strategies for enzymatic esterification in organic solvents: Comparison of non-aqueous and aqueous micellar or biphasic systems“. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 13, Nr. 6 (Juni 1991): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(91)90019-7.

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45

Tang, Wencheng, Liujun Pei, Hongjuan Zhang, Lei Zhu und Jiping Wang. „Effect of Pretreatments on Wettability and Dyeing Property of Cotton Fibers in an Environmentally Friendly Dyeing System“. AATCC Journal of Research 8, Nr. 5 (01.09.2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.5.1.

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To investigate the influence of cotton wettability on its dyeing properties in a silicone non-aqueous dyeing system, alkali pretreatment was performed before dyeing. The dyeing properties and dyeing kinetics of reactive dyes in the non-aqueous system and a conventional dyeing system were compared. Alkali pretreatment significantly improved the wettability of cotton fiber by removing wax and pectin. The adsorption rate of dye increased with increased cotton fiber wettability using the non-aqueous system, while it barely changed using the conventional system. Pseudo-second-order kinetics fit well with dye adsorption for both systems. Dye fixation improved by 30% at a concentration of 2% owf, along with better levelness and color depth of the dyed cotton fiber, using the silicone non-aqueous system without salts and dispersants.
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46

Phaechamud, T., Prachya Katewongsa, A. Chuekaew und W. Saengthongpinit. „Non-Aqueous Virgin Coconut Oil Hair Gel“. Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.347.

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Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is gaining wide popularity in the scientic eld and among the public. The purpose of this research was to develop the non-aqueous hair gel by dispersing hydrophilic colloidal silicon dioxide (Aerosil 200) or hydrophobic colloidal silicon dioxide (Aerosil R 972) into virgin coconut oil and to determine the effect of Aerosil type on physical properties of prepared hair gel. Texture analysis and satisfied evaluation of prepared system were also conducted. At a suitable amount of Aerosil 200 and Aerosil R 972, the three-dimensional network led to the immobilization of a dispersing medium. The viscosity of the prepared gel was increased as the amount of Aerosil 200 or Aerosil R 972 was increased. However, the viscosity of gel containing Aerosil 200 was apparently higher than system prepared from Aerosil R 972. The rheological behavior of these gels depended on type and concentration of colloidal silicon dioxide. From texture analysis, the hardness and adhesion of systems comprising Aerosil 200 were higher than that containing Aerosil R 972 with concentration dependence. Satisfied evaluation by a panel consisting of human volunteers demonstrated that the developed non-aqueous virgin coconut oil gel could be used as the hair setting gel.
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47

Zhou, Haotian, Ruiping Zhang, Qiang Ma, Zhuo Li, Huaneng Su, Ping Lu, Weiwei Yang und Qian Xu. „Modeling and Simulation of Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries: A Mini-Review“. Batteries 9, Nr. 4 (02.04.2023): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9040215.

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Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have been widely recognized in the domain of large-scale energy storage due to their simple structure, long lifetime, quick response, decoupling of capacity and power, and structural simplicity. Because of the limited open circuit voltage (OCV) by hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, together with the relatively low solubility of active species, RFBs with aqueous electrolytes are challenging to reach high energy densities. Researchers have been trying to develop new solvent systems without water to remove the electrochemical window limitation of water and pursue higher cell potential. However, non-aqueous solvents are also hindered by some key problems, such as high viscosity and poor safety. Meeting these challenges require a comprehensive understanding of relevant structural design parameters and multi-variable operation in the non-aqueous flow battery (NAFB) system. Modeling and simulation are not only an effective way to understand the basic mechanism of flow batteries at different scales of size and time but also an ideal tool for optimizing the reaction process, battery assembly, and the whole flow battery installation. This review paper introduces the development of the non-aqueous flow battery, the challenges it faces, and the research progress of related modeling and simulation for verification or optimization. Finally, the future development prospects of the non-aqueous flow battery model are pointed out, especially for those systems and fields that have not yet been explored.
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48

Li, Guangchao, Zhewei Yang, Zhoulan Yin, Huajun Guo, Zhixing Wang, Guochun Yan, Yong Liu, Lingjun Li und Jiexi Wang. „Non-aqueous dual-carbon lithium-ion capacitors: a review“. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, Nr. 26 (2019): 15541–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta01246j.

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Lithium-ion capacitors have attracted tremendous attention among various electrochemical energy storage systems, benefitting from the merits of high energy density, high power output, long cycle life and favorable chemical stability.
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49

Rub, Malik Abdul, Naved Azum, Dileep Kumar, Muhammad Nadeem Arshad, Anish Khan, Maha Moteb Alotaibi und Abdullah M. Asiri. „Investigation of Solution Behavior of Antidepressant Imipramine Hydrochloride Drug and Non-Ionic Surfactant Mixture: Experimental and Theoretical Study“. Polymers 13, Nr. 22 (21.11.2021): 4025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13224025.

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In this paper, the interaction of imipramine hydrochloride (IMP, antidepressant drug) and a non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100 (TX-100) mixture in five different ratios through the tensiometric method in different solvents (aqueous/0.050 mol·kg−1 aqueous NaCl/0.250 mol·kg−1 aqueous urea (U)) were examined thoroughly at a temperature of 298 K. UV–Visible studies in an aqueous system of IMP + TX-100 mixtures were also investigated and discussed in detail. The pure (IMP and TX-100) along with the mixtures’ critical micelle concentration (cmc) were assessed by a tensiometric technique. The obtained deviation of the mixtures’ cmc values from their ideal values revealed the nonideal behavior of IMP + TX-100 mixtures amongst IMP and TX-100. Compared to aqueous systems, in the presence of aqueous NaCl, several changes in micelles/mixed micelles occurred, and hence a synergism/attractive interaction amongst components was found increased while in the existence of U, the synergism/attractive interaction between them decreased. The evaluated interaction parameter (βRb) value of mixed micelles showed the attractive or synergism between the IMP and TX-100. Various evaluated thermodynamic parameters in an aqueous system showed that the mixed micellization of the IMP + TX-100 mixture was an entropically spontaneous phenomenon, although the existence of salt in all studied systems can somewhat increase the spontaneity of the micellization process and in the aqueous U system, the spontaneity of the micellization process decreased. In an aqueous system, the interaction between IMP and TX-100 was also confirmed by UV–Visible study.
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50

Onywere, Gad, Roshena Stewart und San-Jay Reid. „Efficacy Determination of Antimicrobial Properties in Mentha piperita Plant Extracts“. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 8, Nr. 2 (27.06.2023): 499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20230266.

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Background and Objectives: Peppermint (Mentha piperita) is an herbaceous rhizomatous perennial plant that grows up to thirty-five inches tall, with smooth stems and square in cross-section. It is an aromatic herb that is used for health purposes, fragrances, and cosmetics. The study aimed to extract aqueous and non-aqueous plant extracts from Mentha piperita, determine the efficacy of these plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli pathogens and compare the antimicrobial potency of the plant extracts. Materials and Methods: The aqueous and non-aqueous plant extracts were subjected to the extraction process using solvent systems such as distilled water and methanol in the maceration technique. The crude extracts were obtained and further subjected for sample preparation using different concentrations of 20%, 40% and 50% respectively. Antibacterial activity assay was done to determine the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using the concentrations. Result: The peppermint aqueous and non-aqueous extracts showed the presence of antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus pathogens. The aqueous plant extracts had large and more distinct zones of inhibition between 15-20 mm for Staphylococcus aureus. The Escherichia coli pathogens showed resistance to all plant extracts. Discussion: Based on the findings of the study, Mentha piperita plant extracts showed potential for antimicrobial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and not Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity in the plant was attributed to the presence of polar and non-polar compounds in the plant. These compounds inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and not Escherichia coli. The extracts penetrated through the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus inhibiting the growth of the pathogens. Conclusion: Thus, the aqueous and non-aqueous plants extracts were more effective on Staphylococcus aureus pathogens than on Escherichia coli pathogens. Therefore, it was concluded that future work to focus on in vivo assays to be done for the establishment of right dosage development that could be used as a remedy for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. Keywords: Mentha piperita, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aqueous and Non-aqueous Extracts, Zones of inhibition, Microbiota, Diffusion
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