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Oemig, Carmen Kay. „Frequency and Appraisal of Social Support in a Behavioral Weight Loss Program: Relationship to Behavioral and Health Outcomes“. Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1197667569.
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Kwan, Mun Yee. „Does Social Support Influence Bulimic Behaviors through Its Impact on Cognitive Appraisal?“ Diss., North Dakota State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/24797.
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Smith, Lagena L. „The Performance Appraisal Process| Best Approaches to Support Organizational Justice for Employees“. Thesis, University of Maryland University College, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10639764.
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What is considered a fair and accurate performance appraisal depends on whom you ask. The performance appraisal, an evaluation/assessment instrument widely used by many human resource departments, has been in the controversial spotlight for almost as long as organizations have been in existence. The performance appraisal process (or lack thereof) is one of the mostly hotly debated human resources issue in today’s work environment, and there is a trend to abandon traditional performance appraisals (Kenny, 2016). One purpose of the performance appraisal is to communicate to employees any information collected about their performance over a specified period of time. While the performance appraisal process is a critical function of human resources that can trigger assessment fairness perceptions, understanding how fairness influences job productivity and employee satisfaction, as well as employee behavior consequences, have practical implications. Social influences of perception are fast becoming contextual components of the performance appraisal process. The traditional approach to the performance appraisal is antiquated because the workplace environment has rapidly changed due to technological advances. The manner in which 21st Century employees work and the definition of performance, significantly impacts how employee performance should be measured (Bititci, Garengo, Dorfer & Nudurapati, 2012). Applying the social comparison, expectancy, and equity theories to the performance appraisal process suggests that an employee expects to be fairly compensated, recognized, and fairly rewarded for their contributions to meeting organizational goals. This research underscores the importance of incorporating organizational justice dimensions into the performance appraisal process. Additionally, this research enhances the understanding of organizational justice and the role that it plays on employee perception of the overall performance appraisal process.
Using thematic synthesis, employee and manager/supervisor perceptions, reactions, and observations of performance appraisal accuracy and equity were examined. These variables were identified as predictor constructs for appraisal effectiveness and satisfaction. The findings show that organizational justice within the context of the performance appraisal is significantly impacted by national context and demographic characteristics, and the relationship quality between the appraiser and appraisee is crucial. These results provide HR practitioners and organizations with a meaningful approach to integrate organizational justice. The pivotal role and important implications that organizational justice plays on the performance process is presented.
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Kwan, Mun Yee. „Does Social Support Influence Bulimic Behaviors through its Impact on Cognitive Appraisal“. Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27558.
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Social support is one of many interpersonal functions that is impaired among individuals with bulimia nervosa. The buffering hypothesis of social support posits that social support shields the deleterious impact of stress on bulimic behaviors. However, the specific mechanism by which social support protects against the negative impact of stress on bulimic symptoms remains to be clarified. To investigate this mechanism, two studies examined the potential role of cognitive appraisal as a mediator in the relationship between social support and bulimic behaviors among undergraduate students.
Study 1 was a longitudinal, naturalistic study in which participants completed online surveys at two assessment points that were four weeks apart. Bootstrap analyses revealed that cognitive appraisal did not mediate the relationship between perceived social support and bulimic behaviors. Exploratory analyses demonstrated that perceived stress, a construct parallel to cognitive appraisal with the emotional experiences taken into consideration, acted as a mediator in this relationship. Perceived social support appeared to be associated with decrease future bulimic behaviors through lowered stress perception.
Study 2 was an experimental study that examined the role of cognitive appraisal in the relationship between social support and food consumption, which was used as a laboratory analogue of binge eating. Female participants were randomly assigned into one of two groups: with or without social support available. Stress was induced with a speech task, followed by a bogus taste task. Results demonstrated that perceived stress, instead of cognitive appraisal mediated the relationship between subjective ratings of the experimenter’s supportiveness and calories consumed. Unexpectedly, perceived supportiveness was associated with more caloric consumption through lower stress perception among individuals with high restraint. These studies extended the existing literature by examining perceived social support, perceived stress, and bulimic behaviors in a mediation model. Findings have theoretical and clinical implications for the role of social support in bulimic behaviors and the stress-disordered eating relationship. For example, stress does not always predict binge eating. Moreover, findings suggest the importance of social support in stress management and eating disorder treatments as well as the potential for emotional interventions for eating disorders.Graduate School and Interdisciplinary Studies. North Dakota State University
Department of Psychology. North Dakota State University
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Woodward, Melanie. „Career burden in Huntington's disease : the role of coping, appraisal and social support“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404220.
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Tidwell, O. Alan. „An Investigation into Appraisal Bias: The Role of Decision Support Tools in Debiasing Valuation Judgments“. Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/real_estate_diss/10.
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Given the nature of the valuation task environment appraisers are often made aware of previous value opinions rendered by appraisers, commonly in the form of an historic appraisal. And, because an appraisal task involves the rendering of market value, a hypothetical, unobservable construct based on probabilities, direct feedback against this objective is typically not possible. Alternate signals derived from the task environment such as confirmation of previous appraised values may be employed, thereby potentially altering the appraiser’s perception of the valuation objective leading to divergence from the normative model. The real estate behavioral literature suggests commercial appraisers have been susceptible to anonymous value opinions of experts, often times resulting in biased valuation judgments. This research is the first to focus on decision support tools as a technique to eliminate systematic biases in the appraisal process. The study focuses on the value opinion of an anonymous expert as a source of potential bias, because the value opinion of an anonymous expert is a common non-sanctioned source of influence representing a clear departure in the normative appraisal process. To operationalize the research hypotheses a two-factor randomized experiment to investigate the stated research hypotheses was conducted.
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Uchino, Bert N. „Functional components of social support and cellular immune response : individuals high in appraisal support are characterized by enhanced immune function /“. The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148784730904988.
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Sayers, Tessa Mary. „SCORE : a pragmatic multi-criteria decision support method for transport option appraisal and ranking“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420017.
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Quinlan, Janet C. E. „Co-creating personal and professional knowledge through peer support and peer appraisal in nursing“. Thesis, University of Bath, 1996. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319201.
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El, Hassan Rima Mohamad. „The use of ICT to support urban heritage appraisal : the case of medieval Tripoli, Lebanon“. Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/812.
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Conservation officers are faced with many problems when dealing with applications for intervention in urban heritage areas. The process involves reviewing different categories of heritage resources and legislation; understanding and relating together different heritage values; applying different kinds and levels of analysis; contacting the various stakeholders and accessing diverse digital and paper based documents. Such processes are largely tedious, time consuming and are generally inefficient (Morton, 1996a; Angelides, 2000). Despite the intention of many heritage organizations to identify models that can be used for managing decision-making in urban heritage areas, as yet no information model exists that is capable of properly and dynamically appraising such areas. The lack of such a model has exacerbated the difficulties and conflict in the selection and assessment of alternative intervention strategies in urban heritage areas. The diverse range of heritage categories, values, stakeholders and types of data related to the conservation of urban heritage resources provide a challenge in developing an adequate information model for informing the management of intervention. ICT based on a combination of Geographical information system (GIS), surveying, visualization and database packages can help in urban heritage appraisal process. However, efforts to apply the recently developed ICT to urban heritage recording and appraising have not yet fully come to fruition (Ford et al, 1999). Generally, efforts have only been concentrated on the use of ICT as a records database, (Sahib, 1993) rather than making more use of their analytical capabilities. This study develops a theoretical framework to help the full understanding of the categories of urban heritage resources, values and the identification of the constraints for using ICT in the urban heritage appraisal process. The aim is to develop a decision support system for intervention in Lebanese urban conservation areas. The effects of war, negligence and conservation plans have been the main factors causing destruction of the urban heritage in Lebanon. Appraisal is a necessary step to define the major components which contribute to the character of urban heritage. It is a first step towards the future development of heritage policies with regard to heritage management, conservation and enhancement (English Heritage, 1997a-b). This study creates, according to a developed theoretical framework, a prototype model for the appraisal of urban heritage areas. The study takes the medieval centre of the city of Tripoli as a case study. This centre is the unique sole depository of Mamluk art and architectural treasures in Lebanon.
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Makiwane, Nonzwakazi Beauty. „An appraisal of support services to students with disabilities: the case of Walter Sisulu University“. Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1220.
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The provision of effective support services in an efficient manner is a critical part of any university’s role to ensure that students with disabilities achieve academic outcomes. In South Africa universities are categorized into three types, namely traditional universities (offer theoretically-oriented degrees); universities of technology (offer vocational-oriented diplomas and degrees) and comprehensive universities (offer a combination of the other two). With their constitutional and policy framework obligations, universities are responsible for accommodating students with all types of disabilities. Pertaining to the awareness of social disparities, the quality of support services to students with disabilities still remains a concern. From various platforms it is evident that quality of support services to students with disabilities in South African universities is poor and in some instances crucial support devices do not exist at all. The pressures being felt by universities from external forces and the problems encountered in the extent of quality of support services has created the need for an appraisal. The purpose of this study, then, is to investigate and describe the quality of the support services provided to students with disabilities in a university context.
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Best, Michael J. H. „The changing role of the primary headteacher 1988 to 1993 : a post-Education Reform Act case study of a peer support group“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326951.
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Oemig, Carmen Kay. „Frequency and appraisal of social support in a behavioral weight loss program relationship to behavioral and health outcomes /“. Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1197667569.
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Annan, Jeannie. „Self-appraisal, social support, and connectedness as protective factors for youth associated with fighting forces in northern Uganda“. [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3283961.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Psychology, 2007.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-10, Section: B, page: 6950. Adviser: Chalmer Thompson. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 21, 2008).
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Leppma, Monica. „The effect of loving-kindness meditation on empathy, perceived social support, and problem-solving appraisal in counseling students“. Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4965.
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Participants who received the LKM intervention demonstrated a moderate positive correlation (Cohen, 1992) between quantity of meditation and Perspective Taking (Spearman's rank order correlation rsubscript s] = .29). Implications for counselor education and directions for future research are discussed.; The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a compassion-based meditation, known as loving-kindness meditation (LKM), as an intervention to positively affect empathy, perceived social support, and problem-solving appraisal in student counselors. This quasi-experimental study included 103 master's level counseling students enrolled in a large Southeastern university. The treatment consisted of six one-hour psychoeducational groups with a LKM component. The LKM intervention was compared with a control group on the constructs of (a) multidimensional empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI); Davis, 1980), (b) perceived social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS); Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet, & Farley, 1988), and (c) problem-solving appraisal (Problem Solving Inventory (PSI); Heppner, 1988). Participants who received the LKM intervention experienced gains in the cognitive empathy subscales of Perspective Taking (treatment group effect size = .213; control group effect size = .006) and Fantasy (treatment group effect size = .173; control group effect size = .032) and in the affective empathy subscale of Emotional Concern (treatment group effect size = .115, control group effect size = .028). The treatment group also demonstrated a decrease in the affective empathy subscale of Personal Distress (treatment group effect size = .088, control group effect size = .080). The control group did not experience changes in Perspective Taking, Fantasy, Emotional Concern, or Personal Distress. Furthermore, there was no change in either the treatment or control group in perceived social support or problem-solving appraisal from pretest to posttest. In addition, this study examined the relationship between quantity of meditation time and the dependent variables of multidimensional empathy, perceived social support, and problem-solving appraisal.ID: 029810212; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-197).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Educational and Human Sciences
Education
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McCarthy, Geraldine. „Cognitive appraisal, coping responses, social support, and psychosocial adjustment in Irish women with breast cancer receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1057868473.
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Sui, Sang How Jesse Jefferson. „Reducing the property appraisal bias with decision support systems: an experimental investigation in the South African property market“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22864.
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Purpose: The valuation tasks for manual valuation are time-demanding and cognitively challenging. Behaviourists have observed that valuation accuracy and variations are mainly caused by human adaptive approaches called cognitive shortcuts. Of particular interest for valuation tasks is the susceptibility of decision makers to anchoring heuristics. The anchoring and adjustment approach is a mental shortcut which involves deliberate and conscious adjustment of values, known to be wrong but close to a right answer. Various studies have shown that valuers are prone to anchoring to asking price, previous estimate and other reference points. The incidence of valuation bias in the property market and the world is of concern. Few studies have used the decision-support tool to reduce property appraisal bias. The research purpose is therefore to determine the efficacy of the decision-support tool in reducing and eliminating property appraisal bias in the South African property market. Design/methodology/approach: Similar to previous behavioural studies, a controlled experimental study design was used. The experimental design is based on a previous German study that uses a self-written valuation software in a MS Excel package, adapted to the South African market. The software comprises two versions, a standard software and a decision-support software, which were administered to separate groups of novices and experts. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric testing were used to interpret the results. Findings: Consistent with other research on valuation accuracy and variations, the findings show that the valuation outcomes do not align with 'margin of errors' concept. Despite the results not being as robust as one would have expected, the study revealed that test subjects were susceptible to the anchoring effects and that use of a decision-support tool can help to reduce valuation variations. Practical implications: This study heightened the need to counter the effect of bias in valuation. The high variance among the experts group is of concern and should be addressed. Other forms of cognitive shortcuts used by valuers should be incorporated into the decision-support tool, and a similar test run for different valuation settings. The behavioural contentions should be discussed and presented to novices and experts.
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Chung, Yin-kwan Carol. „Stress, appraisal, coping and perceived social support as predictors of mental health outcomes of spouse-caregivers of persons withdementia“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29697888.
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LIU, YU. „Impact of Family Caregiving upon Caregivers of Elders with Dementia in China“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193869.
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Caring for an elder with dementia at home is considered a challenging and complex process. The purpose of this study was to describe the impact of family caregiving upon caregivers of elders with dementia on caregiver's health in the context of Chinese family caregiving. The investigation also describes the roles of caregiving appraisal, coping, familism, and perceived social support on the relationship between caregving stressors and caregiver outcomes.A cross-sectional correlational design was used to examine relationships among the variables. Ninety-six family caregivers of elders with dementia in China were recruited. Self-reported questionnaires were utilized to measure the variables.Results from bivariate correlational analysis found that ADL impairments had no any significant relationship with other variables and was not used in model testing.. Path analysis indicated that the proposed Dementia Caregiving Model did not fit the data well. Model modifications were performed based on AMOS 5.0 output and the theoretical rationale for the potential modifications. The modified final model fit the data perfectly. It explained 21.1% and 39.7% of the variance in caregiver physical health and psychological health respectively. In the final models, behavioral problems of care-recipients and perceived social support of caregivers had direct and indirect effects on caregiver physical health and psychological health. Familism and caregiving satisfaction only had indirect effects on caregiver psychological health and no effects on caregiver physical health. Conversely, caregiving subjective burden and coping had direct effects on caregiver health; burden had direct effects on both physical and psychological health of caregivers, whereas coping had a direct effect on caregiver psychological health.The findings enrich knowledge of dementia family caregiving in the context of China and Chinese culture and add the important variables of caregiver appraisal of caregiving satisfaction and familism to existing theories and models of stress and coping on family caregiving cross culturally. This study not only contributes to Chinese nursing research by introducing a conceptual model for family caregiving of elders with dementia, but also can be a basis for formulating interventions to help family caregivers of elders with dementia cope with their caregiving situations.
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O'Mahoney, Joseph. „Coping with critical incidents : a critical appraisal of stress management and social support within the retained fire service in Ireland“. Thesis, University of East London, 2012. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3990/.
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The psychological health and safety of firefighters has become a significant issue for fire services in Ireland owing both to recent legislative changes and to increasing awareness of the potentially stressful nature of dealing with emergency situations. Critical incident stress management (CISM) initiatives have been introduced with a view to supporting the psychological health of fire crews and with the aim of protecting individuals from developing a psychiatric illness, namely post-traumatic stress disorder. While research has consistently questioned the efficacy of such interventions, there has been little attention paid to how firefighters themselves actually construct their own experiences of dealing with emergency situations in the course of their work. This thesis addresses this imbalance by conducting both a qualitative and quantitative investigation into how firefighters in Ireland talk about the incidents they respond to. The first study details a discourse analysis which was conducted on the transcripts of seven focus groups which was conducted with 89 participating retained firefighters. Key discursive constructions were identified and explored in light of how best to provide psychological supports to fire crews. In order to further investigate these discursive constructions a quantitative study was then conducted with an alternate group of firefighters (n=40) using Q methodology. This triangulation allowed for subject positions to emerge that had not heretofore been considered when providing psychological supports tofirefighters. A number of important findings emerged. First, many of the subject positions explored highlight how firefighters primarily draw upon discourses of professionalism and how constructs of the “crew” can strongly mediate their experiences of the “critical 3 incident”. Secondly, the research highlights how many of the notions inherent in the Mitchell model of CISM were not actually borne out in the fire fighter’s own constructions, particularly with regard to the focus on the “critical incident’ as being always/already a source of a traumatic response. These insights were then used by the Researcher to propose a framework of psychological support for fire services in Ireland.
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Cayley, Clare. „Coping with interpersonal sport stress in female adolescent soccer players: the role of perceived social support, cognitive appraisal, and trait social anxiety“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/231.
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Stress in sport is complex and can lead to a number of undesirable consequences such as burnout, performance difficulties, interpersonal problems, and injury. Lazarus’s (1991, 1999) Cognitive-Motivational-Relational model holds that stress is best understood as a transactional relationship between a person and their environment. Stress is a process which is influenced by appraisals and coping. Appraisals are influenced by personal factors as well as environmental demands and the availability of external resources. Coping involves constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage the perceived external and internal demands of a stressful situation (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984).
The present study examined how appraisal processes mediated (or were possibly moderated by) the effects of social anxiety and perceptions of teammate social support on how high school female soccer players thought they would cope with a hypothetical interpersonal stressor. The study also examined simple relationships among variables. The participants were 181 female high school soccer players from Greater Vancouver. The athletes first completed two questionnaires designed to measure social anxiety (Interaction Anxiousness Scale; Leary, 1983a) and perceived social support from teammates (modified Social Provisions Scale; Weiss, 1974). After reading the scenario, the athletes indicated their appraisal of threat and challenge (Stress Appraisal Measure; Peacock & Wong, 1990) and how they thought they would cope (Coping Functions Questionnaire; Kowalski & Crocker, 2001). .
The initial findings indicated that challenge appraisals were moderately correlated with both emotion-focused (r = .41) and problem-focused coping (r = .51), whereas threat had a weak association with avoidance coping (r = .19). Using mediation analysis, the results indicated that challenge fully mediated the relationship between social support and emotion-focused coping, and partially mediated the relationship between social support and problem-focused coping. Threat appraisals mediated the relationship between social anxiety and avoidance coping. Contrary to hypotheses, there was no evidence that social anxiety or threat were related to emotion-focused coping. There was also no support that person variables (social anxiety, social support) moderated the effects of appraisal on coping. The findings suggest that challenge appraisals and social support were key predictors of coping with interpersonal stress in this population.
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Freitas, Ion de. „AS RELAÇÕES ENTRE SUPORTE SOCIAL E BALANÇO EMOCIONAL“. Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2009. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1438.
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-10The goal of this study was to describe the dimension levels of social support (emotional and practical) and of emotional balance, to analyze its correlations and to investigate its relations with socio-demographic variables of a group of people who participate of a program of emotional and informational support in a charity institution of São Paulo. The researched sample, chosen randomly, consisted of 95 males and females with average age of 47, 99 years (SD=12,11). The gathering data instrument was an auto fill questionnaire composed by two measures which checked the variables of the study (perception, social support, positive and negative affects), besides the socio-demographic data. Descriptive statistic analyzes were used, differences between averages were tested, and correlation rates between variables were calculated as well. The results have shown that there are no significant differences in the perception of social support (emotional and practical) and the socio-demographic variables, sex, work, study, volunteering, time at the institution, level of education and marital status. The youngest, less than 30 years old, revealed more perception of social support (emotional and practical). They also revealed that there is no significant difference of the emotional balance towards the socio-demographic variable, except for the volunteer work which echoed expressive and positively over the emotional balance. The analyses of the relations between social support (emotional and practical) and age revealed the existence of a significant correlation, low and negative, that is, with an increase in age there s a tendency to lightly describe the perception of social support. The description of the levels of social support revealed that the perceptions of emotional and practical support (tangible and appraisal support) are significantly different, though the difference between the averages is small, prevailing the perception of higher emotional support. The description of the emotional balance scores showed that around three quarters of the interviewed have registered positive emotional balance and around one fourth have registered negative emotional balance. Significant correlation between emotional balance and age were not identified. The analyses of the relations between emotional support, practical support and emotional balance reveled significant and positive correlations, that is, with an increase in perception of the social support (emotional and practical) there is a tendency to increase the emotional balance. The results of this study might contribute to the comprehension of the psychological state of the investigated individuals, as well as, raise, to the managers of institutions, reflections on the improvement of assistential program services.(AU)
O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os níveis de dimensões de suporte social (emocional e prático) e de balanço emocional, analisar as suas correlações e investigar as suas relações com variáveis sócio demográficas de um grupo de pessoas que participam de programa de apoio emocional e informacional em uma instituição beneficente de São Paulo. A amostra pesquisada, escolhida aleatoriamente, consistiu de 95 pessoas do sexo masculino e feminino com idade média de 47,99 anos (DP=12,11). O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário de auto preenchimento composto por duas medidas que aferiram as variáveis de estudo (percepção de suporte social, afetos positivos e negativos), além dos dados sócio demográficos. Foram utilizadas análises estatísticas descritivas, testadas diferenças entre médias, bem como calculados os índices de correlação entre as variáveis. Os resultados mostraram que não há diferenças significativas na percepção de suporte social (emocional e prático) e as variáveis sócio demográficas sexo, trabalho, estudo, voluntariado, permanência na instituição, escolaridade e estado civil. Os mais jovens, com menos de 30 anos, revelaram maior percepção do suporte social (emocional e prático). Revelaram também que não há diferença significativa do balanço emocional em relação às variáveis sócio demográficas, com exceção do trabalho voluntário que repercutiu expressiva e positivamente no balanço emocional. A análise das relações entre suporte social (emocional e prático) e idade revelou existir uma correlação significativa, baixa e negativa, isto é, com o aumento da idade há uma tendência a decrescer levemente a percepção de suporte social. A descrição dos níveis de suporte social revelou que as percepções de suporte emocional e prático são significativamente diferentes, embora a diferença entre as médias seja pequena, prevalece a percepção de maior suporte emocional. A descrição dos escores de balanço emocional revelou que cerca de três quartos dos entrevistados registrou balanço emocional positivo e cerca de um quarto registrou balanço emocional negativo. Não foi constatada correlação significativa entre balanço emocional e idade. As análises das relações entre suporte emocional, suporte prático e balanço emocional revelaram correlações significativas e positivas, isto é, com um acréscimo na percepção de suporte social (emocional e prático) há a tendência de acréscimo no balanço emocional. Portanto, os resultados deste estudo poderão contribuir para a compreensão do quadro psicológico dos indivíduos pesquisados, bem como, suscitar aos gestores de instituições reflexões para o aprimoramento dos serviços de programas assistenciais.(AU)
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Lillbäck, Mikaela. „Student Perspectives of Hope, Stress, and Social Support Provision from Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184950.
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The present study investigated the relationship between hope, stress, and social support provision from teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were 80 students (i.e., 34 males; 46 females) ranging in age from 16 to 22 from multiple gymnasiums across Sweden. The cross-sectional research design collected data using an online survey. Statistical analyses revealed that there was a negative correlation between perceived stress and hope. Social support from teachers was also found to be positively correlated with hope. The subcategories identifying the nature of the social support provision indicated that levels of stress were negatively correlated with appraisal, informational, and instrumental support. Students’ levels of reported hope were found to correlate with appraisal, informational, instrumental, and emotional support. Gender was also found to be associated with stress, where women reported more perceived stress than men. Taken collectively, the study found that students who feel more hope are less stressed perceive more social support provision from teachers. Implications for teachers and limitations of the present study are discussed.Denna studie undersökte förhållandet mellan hopp, stress och socialt stöd från lärare under COVID-19 pandemin. Deltagarna var 80 studenter (34 män; 46 kvinnor) i åldrarna 16 till 22 år från gymnasieskolor över hela Sverige. Datan samlades in med hjälp av en onlineundersökning. De statistiska analyserna visade att det fanns ett negativt samband mellan upplevd stress och hopp. Socialt stöd från lärare visade sig också vara positivt korrelerat med hopp. Underkategorierna som identifierade de olika karaktärerna av socialt stöd indikerade att stressnivåerna var negativt korrelerade med bedömning, information och instrumentellt stöd. Studenternas nivåer av rapporterat hopp visade sig korrelera med bedömning, informativt, instrumentellt och emotionellt stöd. Kön visade sig också förknippas med stress, där kvinnor rapporterade mer upplevd stress än män. Sammantaget fann studien att studenter som känner mer hopp är mindre stressade och upplever mer socialt stöd från lärare. Konsekvenser för lärare och begränsningar av denna studie diskuteras.
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Bergkvist, Rosita. „How to stand the nursing profession : A study of proactive antecedents, self-efficacy, and organizational factors, and the mediation of cognitive appraisals on the outcome of stress and anxiety among nurses“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-81352.
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In the light of present problems with stress related illness in organizations, often affecting women working in health care, the purpose of the current study was to examine proactive and malleable factors that could influence nurse’s perception of work stressors. Based on a model, self-efficacy and grouped organizational factors were examined as antecedents to the outcome of anxiety and stress via cognitive appraisals. The mediating role of the cognitive appraisals was further examined. The sample consists of 117 nurses and assistant nurses of which 112 were females working at a hospital in southern Sweden. The analyses were conducted with simple and multiple regressions. The result revealed that self-efficacy and the organizational factor together serve as antecedents to cognitive appraisals of stress, however, contrary to previous research, not to all appraisals. The mediating role of the cognitive appraisals showed that the harm appraisal mediate the relation between the organizational factor and the outcome of both anxiety and stress. The threat appraisal is found to partly mediate the relation between the organizational factor and the anxiety outcome as well as the stress outcome. The result further showed a none mediation role for the challenge appraisal between any of the antecedents and the outcomes, which suggest that the challenge appraisal do not serve as an underlying mechanism in either relationship. Other relations in the model are further shown and discussed in the study together with limitations, implications and suggestions of future research.
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Mussa, Khadija Sungeni. „Views from the inside: An appraisal of the effectiveness of international NGOs as agents of development through a case study of Concern Universal’s Local Development Support Programme in Dedza District, Malawi“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/1499.
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Malawi, which became independent in 1964, attracted Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) from the early 1980s. Initially, NGO involvement was a response to the influx of refugees from neighbouring war-torn Mozambique. Since then, NGOs have been active in the development sector. Malawi, a small country, has widespread poverty, and has recently been in international headlines as a victim of floods, drought and food shortages. Economically unstable, with environmental problems, Malawi is in need of development assistance. NGOs have been centrally positioned in such efforts, but the academic literature on their role has been limited. NGO interventions in development efforts, generally, have been subject to controversy. While some argue that NGOs provide an essential means of development, especially where state capacity is limited, others argue that, with most NGOs headquartered or funded from abroad, their strategies and practices are often more accountable to external pressures than local needs. This thesis intervenes in these debates with a case study: with the aim of examining the sustainability, appropriateness, accountability and effectiveness of NGO projects, it looks at a project by the international NGO (INGO), Concern Universal (CU), which works in the central region in Dedza, Malawi. It examines the project, using fieldwork in three villages, looking at issues such as its use of participatory methods, relations with local government and village structures, capacity building methods, and donor relations. The thesis argues that (I)NGOs like CU exist in a conflicted situation: they have to remain in the good books of their donors, while, at the same time, maintaining accountability to their beneficiaries; they depend on their ability to manoeuvre through the conflict in order to ensure their continuity, and so, their impact is shaped by competing imperatives. CU has made a real impact on poverty alleviation efforts, but its methods and approaches are shaped by said competing imperatives.
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Norlin, Thilda, und Ida Nyquist. „Chefers och arbetsledares beskrivning av stress och copingstrategier bland socialsekreterare“. Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för hälsa och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-36444.
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Det sociala arbetet ställer höga krav och medför ofta en hög arbetsbelastning,vilket kan leda till att socialarbetare säger upp sig. Studiens syfte är att få enförståelse för hur chefer och arbetsledare för socialsekreterare som arbetar medbarn eller missbruk erfar att socialsekreterare hanterar stress, faktorer som bidrartill stress och förutsättningar som kan reducera stress. Åtta semistruktureradeintervjuer genomfördes och analyserades med en tematisk analys. Resultatet visaratt stress främst uppstår i situationer eller orsakas av faktorer där brist på kontrolleller resurser finns. Socialsekreterare tenderar att hantera stress genom konkretaförändringar eller känslofokuserade strategier. En god relation till kollegor samtbra stöd från chef och arbetsledare kan minska stress. Slutsatsen är attsocialsekreterare kan utsätts för hög stress och hanterar denna med hjälp av olikametoder som är mer eller mindre effektiva.Social work sets high demands and often entails a high workload, which can leadto them resigning. The purpose of the study is to get an understanding of howmanagers and supervisors for social workers who work with children or addiction,experience that social workers manage stress, factors that contribute to stress andconditions that can reduce stress. Eight semi-structured interviews were conductedand analyzed with a thematic analysis. The results show that stress mainly occursin situations or is caused by factors where there is a lack of control or resources.Social workers tend to deal with stress through concrete changes or emotionfocusedstrategies. A good relationship with colleagues and good support from themanager and supervisor can reduce stress. The conclusion is that social workerscan be exposed to high stress and handle this with the help of various methods thatare more or less effective.
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Mazanec, Susan Rose. „Psychosocial Adjustment During the Post-Radiation Treatment Transition“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1246547016.
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Wasteson, Elisabet. „Living and Coping with Cancer : Specific Challenges and Adaptation“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7784.
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Ribeiro, Andrea da Silva Marques. „Design e suporte em contexto de curso online: um estudo sob a perspectiva da teoria da atividade“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/14158.
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Previous issue date: 2010-06-23Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This study is on the interface between Applied Linguistics and Distance Education and aims at contributing to online course design improvement as well as to a broader understanding of the relations between the design and the support activities in online contexts. To do so, it investigates two editions of Teachers Links course, whose design is under the responsibility of the research groups Edulang and Reflexão sobre a ação. Based on the presupposition that design and support activities can complement one another and mutually transform themselves with the aim of improving design and participants performance, this study attempts to understand how an online course materializes itself as the object of the design activity and how the participants take part in the support activity, establishing the mutual impact of those activities. Thus, the analysis was organized into three parts. The first one focuses on the first edition of the course as the object of design activity so as to describe it and its network of activity systems. The second part has the support activity in process as its focus, from the moment the course starts to be implemented. To finish, the third part focuses on the 2nd edition of the course in order to describe and interpret the network of its activity systems, establishing relations between the design and support activities. The research draws on the Activity Theory (ENGESTRÖM, 1999, 2000, 2007), the Systemic Functional Linguistics (HALLIDAY e MATHIESSEN, 2004), based on the system of appraisal (MARTIN e ROSE, 2003) and on the system of transitivity (THOMPSON, 2004). The research paradigm is qualitative with descriptive and interpretive basis (HOLMES, 1992; MOITA LOPES, 1996; ERICKSON, 1992; HOLLIDAY, 1999), situated in a qualitative and quantitative continuum (BROWN, 2004). The results indicate that design and support activities are transformed by focusing not only on the problems but also on the individuals as well as that the support activity is a complex one due to the different nature of the problems that modify its object and require specific actions, besides the ones planned in the design activity
Esta pesquisa situa-se na interface da Linguística Aplicada e da Educação a Distância e visa contribuir para o aprimoramento do design de cursos online, ampliando a compreensão acerca das relações entre as atividades de design e de suporte. Para tal, investiga duas edições do curso Teachers Links, cujo design está sob a responsabilidade dos grupos de pesquisa Edulang e Reflexão sobre a ação. Partindo do pressuposto de que as atividades de design e de suporte podem se complementar e se transformar com vistas à melhoria do design e do desempenho dos participantes, este estudo busca compreender como um curso online se materializa enquanto objeto da atividade de design e como os participantes exercem a atividade de suporte ao longo do curso, verificando o impacto mútuo dessas atividades. Assim, a análise foi organizada em três blocos. O primeiro recai sobre a 1ª edição do curso como objeto da atividade de design, descrevendo a rede de sistemas de atividades. O segundo bloco reside na atividade de suporte em processo, a partir do momento de implementação do curso. Por fim, o terceiro bloco retoma ao curso, em sua 2ª edição, para descrever e interpretar a rede de sistemas que o compõe, estabelecendo assim algumas relações entre tais atividades. A fundamentação teórica que pauta este estudo provém da Teoria da Atividade (ENGESTRÖM, 1999, 2000, 2007), da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY e MATHIESSEN, 2004), com base nos sistemas de avaliatividade (MARTIN E ROSE, 2003) e de transitividade (THOMPSON, 2004). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de base descritiva e interpretativista (HOLMES, 1992; MOITA LOPES, 1996; ERICKSON, 1992; HOLLIDAY, 1999), situada em um contínuo de análise qualitativa e quantitativa (BROWN, 2004). Os resultados indicam que as atividades de design e de suporte se transformam não somente pelo viés dos problemas, mas pelo foco nos sujeitos e que a atividade de suporte se constitui de forma mais complexa do que a planejada, abarcando problemas de diferentes naturezas que requerem ações específicas além das planejadas na atividade de design
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Mnisi, Donald Moffat. „The impact of class visits on professional teacher development in White Hazy Circuit in Mpumalanga Province“. Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1575.
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Thesis (M. Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016This study aims to give insights into the nature and extent of professional teacher development by the department of education through class visits, and subsequently its impact on professional teacher development in the white hazy circuit in Mpumalanga province. This study further examines measures and recommendations to be put in place which can help to improve the programme (class visits), also the effectiveness of this programme in professional teacher development. The study further highlights key issues regarding class visits with regard to professional teacher development. The study further highlights strategies that can be put in place to enhancing class visits as a programme for professional teacher development. The study further highlights key recommendations to be put in place to enhance class visits as professional teacher development programme. KEY WORDS Professional Teacher Development; Development Appraisal System; Integrated Quality Management Systems; development support group; Continuing Professional Teacher Development.
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Pillay, Karnagie. „Educator perceptions of the implementation of integrated quality management systems (IQMS) in further education and training colleges in South Africa / Karnagie Pillay“. Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4773.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate educator perceptions of the implementation of Integrated Quality Management Systems (IQMS) in Further Education and Training (FET) Colleges in South Africa. Quality in education is presently put more firmly on the agenda not withstanding the fact that a vast range of literature is available to support the process of improving the quality in education. The department of education has made many attempts to introduce an effective appraisal system in support of quality education only to find that the previous appraisal systems were rejected by the educator force for the mere fact that it was perceived as a form of inspection and supervision rather than for development purposes.
This study also focuses on a review of the integrated quality management system (IQMS), of its purpose, guidelines and its subsequent implementation in FET colleges in South Africa in 2004. The primary focus of the discussion is on the processes, the methods, the guiding principles and the pitfalls of the implementation of quality management systems in educational organizations To guide this discussion literature reviews on quality, quality education, quality management and quality management systems were undertaken.
The empirical study entailed gleaning information from a structured questionnaire which was distributed to a sample group of lecturers at Sedibeng College for FET in the Gauteng Province. The questions were structured in a manner to gain information about the understanding of the operational principles of quality management, the aims and guiding principles of IQMS, the importance of quality control and the external relationships of the college. The major finding emanating from this study was that there was a need for intensive training in IQMS, thus a management's strategy for ensuring that IQMS is effectively implemented was proposed. The overall recommendation arising from this study includes ensuring that management designs a quality manual to guide the process of quality assurance.Thesis (M.Ed. (Education Management))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.
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Squassoni, Carolina Elisabeth. „Confiabilidade, validade e estudo dos padrões normativos da versão brasileira do Social Support Appraisals (SSA)“. Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2897.
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Previous issue date: 2012-07-03Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
In scientific studies, using measuring instruments it is necessary to observe issues of reliability, validity and standardization of results. In the national literature, the Brazilian version of the Social Support Appraisals (SSA) is the only instrument available for studies of Cross-cultural translation, specific for the assessment of social support for children and adolescents. The objectives of this study: 1 - Assess the reliability and construct validity of the Brazilian version of the Social Support Appraisals 2 - Establish regulatory standards of the Brazilian version of the SSA for children and adolescents aged between nine and 18. The specific objectives were: a) to assess the social support perceived by children and adolescents aged between nine and 18 years, b) to investigate the sources encompassed by Other subscale, and c) to evaluate the socio-emotional development of participants aged between 11 and 18 years. The study group was comprised of 766 children and adolescent aged between nine and 18 years who are high and elementary students of eleven public schools in three cities in the state of Sao Paulo. To collect data we used the Identification Form, the Brazilian version of the SSA and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The results of factor analysis indicated five factors with a structure in which single items were found in the factor F5. Therefore, the respective items were excluded and analyzes were made after considering the 23 remaining items of the Brazilian version of the SSA. The internal consistency index alpha was equal to 0.89 for the total scale, .83 for subscale family, friends 0.80, 0.80 and 0.77 other teachers. Divergent validity was found between the SSA and the SDQ has been partially satisfactory, because there were negative correlations between the subscales of both instruments. Regulatory standards have been established through the criterion Intragrupo. The specific objectives encompassed a) the family was the main source of support perceived b) respond to the items of the Other subscale participants indicated in their majority, who think of their family members and friends, c) where there was clinical prevalence of conduct problems and emotional symptoms. It is considered that this study allows us to offer the Brazilian version of the SSA for use in future research in order to continue the research on social support and associations with variables related to the development of children and adolescents and their family background . Also, this research brings advances in knowledge about the role of social support in the development and health.
Em estudos científicos, ao utilizar instrumentos de medida faz-se necessário observar questões referentes à sua confiabilidade, validade e normatização dos resultados. Na literatura nacional, a versão brasileira do Social Support Appraisals (SSA) é o único instrumento disponível com estudos de adaptação transcultural, específicos para a avaliação do apoio social de crianças e adolescentes. Tendo isso em vista, foram objetivos deste estudo: 1 - Avaliar a confiabilidade e a validade de construto da versão brasileira do Social Support Appraisals; 2 - Estabelecer padrões normativos da versão brasileira do SSA para crianças e adolescentes, com idades entre 9 e 18 anos. Os objetivos específicos foram: a) Avaliar o apoio social percebido por crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 9 e 18 anos; b) Investigar as fontes que compõe a subescala Outros; e c) Avaliar o desenvolvimento socioemocional dos participantes com idades entre 11 e 18 anos. Participaram da pesquisa 766 crianças e adolescentes, com idades entre 9 e 18 anos, estudantes de 11 escolas públicas de ensino fundamental e médio, de 3 cidades do interior do estado de São Paulo. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados o Formulário de Identificação, a versão brasileira do SSA e o Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades (SDQ). Os resultados da análise fatorial indicaram uma estrutura com 5 fatores na qual se verificaram itens isolados no fator F5. Diante disso, os respectivos itens foram excluídos e as análises posteriores foram feitas considerando os 23 itens restantes da versão brasileira do SSA. Quanto à consistência interna, o índice de alfa foi igual a 0,89 para a escala total, 0,83 para a subescala família, 0,80 amigos, 0,80 professores e 0,77 outros. Foi encontrada validade divergente entre o SSA e o SDQ, mostrando-se parcialmente satisfatória, na medida em que houve correlações negativas entre as subescalas dos 2 instrumentos. Foram estabelecidos os padrões normativos através do critério Intragrupo. Com relação aos objetivos específicos, a) a família foi a principal fonte de apoio percebida; b) ao responderem aos itens da subescala outros, os participantes indicaram, em sua maioria, que pensam em membros de suas famílias e amigos; c) nos casos clínicos houve predominância de problemas de conduta e sintomas emocionais. Considera-se que este estudo permite disponibilizar a versão brasileira do SSA para a utilização em pesquisas futuras, a fim de dar continuidade às investigações acerca do apoio social e associações com variáveis relacionadas ao desenvolvimento das crianças e adolescentes e ao contexto familiar dos mesmos; e avança no conhecimento acerca do papel do apoio social no desenvolvimento e nas condições de saúde.
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Squassoni, Carolina Elisabeth. „Suporte social : Adaptação transcultural do Social Support Appraisals e desenvolvimento socioemocional de crianças e adolescentes“. Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3027.
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Previous issue date: 2009-03-11Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
The association between social support and positive results in health has been increasingly highlighted in the literature and social support has been seen as a protective factor to child development. However, most research involving social support and outcomes of health and development of children and adolescents has focused on the indirect influence of social support of parents in the development of children. The aim of this study was to identify possible correlations between the perceived social support for children and adolescents at situation of personal and social risk and their social and emotional development and as specific goals: a) the cross cultural adaptation of Brazil of the scale SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS, and b) identify associations of some variables on the perception of social support of children and adolescents on the self-assessment the child with regard to their development and the parents evaluation of socioemocional development of their children. To achieve the proposed objectives were carried out two studies. The Study 1 involved a crosscultural adaptation of the Portuguese version of the SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS and the Study 2 answered by the study of correlation. Were participants of Study 1, 218 children and adolescents and 10 graduated professionals. We performed the following analysis: Cronbach's Alpha, Factor Analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results pointed to an index of internal consistency to the general scale of 0,74, the factor analysis confirmed the proposed structure with four factors (family, friends, teachers and others), by analysis of variance were found significant differences in the perception of social support of according to grade and gender and age and grade of participants. In the Study 2 participated 51 children and adolescents aged between 11 and 13 years and their parents. Children and adolescents were linked to non-governmental institutions that provide support services to children and adolescents in situations of personal and social risk. Instruments used to collect data were the Brazilian version of the SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Questionnaire for Identification and Characterization of the Child and the Criterion of Economic Classification Brazil. Tests were carried out on the Pearson correlation analysis of the Pearson correlation, Analysis of variance and Analysis Group. The results indicated that the higher the perceived of total social support, less the symptoms of problems presented by children and adolescents, in addition to that there were other variables associated with results of mental health and level of social support of the participants, such as school repetition, the degree of parental education, among others.
A associação entre o suporte social e resultados positivos em saúde tem sido cada vez mais apontada na literatura e o suporte social tem sido considerado como um fator protetivo ao desenvolvimento infantil. Porém, pesquisas associando o suporte social e resultados de saúde e desenvolvimento da criança e do adolescente têm, em sua maioria, focalizado o suporte social dos pais influenciando de forma indireta o desenvolvimento dos filhos; poucos estudos correlacionam diretamente o suporte social recebido e percebido pela criança e aspectos de seu desenvolvimento. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar possíveis correlações entre o suporte social percebido por crianças e adolescentes em situação de risco pessoal e social e o seu desenvolvimento socioemocional, e como objetivos específicos: a) realizar a adaptação transcultural para o Brasil da escala de suporte para crianças e adolescentes Social Support Appraisals, e b) identificar associações entre variáveis sobre a percepção do suporte social das crianças e adolescentes, sobre a auto-avaliação da criança no que diz respeito ao seu desenvolvimento socioemocional e na avaliação dos pais com relação ao desenvolvimento socioemocional de seus filhos. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos foram realizados dois estudos. O Estudo 1 envolveu a adaptação transcultural da versão portuguesa do SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISAL e o Estudo 2 respondeu pelo estudo de correlação. Foram participantes do Estudo 1, 218 crianças e adolescentes e 10 profissionais de nível superior. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises: Apha de Cronbach, Análise Fatorial e Análise de Variância. Os resultados apontaram para um índice de consistência interna para a escala geral de 0,74, a Análise Fatorial confirmou a estrutura proposta com quatro fatores (família, amigos, professores e outros), pela Análise de Variância foram verificadas diferenças significativas na percepção do suporte social de acordo com série e gênero e idade e série dos participantes. No Estudo 2 participaram 51 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 11 e 13 anos e seus pais. As crianças e adolescentes estavam vinculadas às instituições não governamentais que oferecem serviços de apoio a crianças e adolescentes em situação de risco pessoal e social. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram: a versão brasileira do SOCIAL SUPPORT APPRAISALS, o Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades, o Questionário de Identificação e Caracterização da Criança e o Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil. Foram realizadas análises de correlação de Pearson, Análise de Variância e Análise de Agrupamento. Os resultados indicaram que quanto maior a percepção do suporte social total menor os sintomas de dificuldades apresentados pelas crianças e adolescentes; além de disso observaram-se outras variáveis associadas aos resultados de saúde mental e nível de suporte social dos participantes, como por exemplo, repetência escolar, o grau de escolaridade paterno, dentre outros.
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Wells, Anthony Orando. „The Role of Social Support and Stress Appraisals in the Relationship between Interpersonal Problems and Emotional Reactivity in Young Women with Histories of Childhood Maltreatment“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37720.
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In comparison to their non-maltreated peers, adult survivors of child maltreatment experience more social and emotional maladjustment; however, survivors can be resilient when they have adequate psychological and social resources to cope with abuse sequelae. Similarly, stress and health studies have shown that social support schemas are stress buffers that attenuate negatively-valenced emotional reactivity. As a result of interpersonal problems, however, some individuals might interpret current relationships more negatively and expect little support in the future. Young women (ages ranging from 18 to 23) with histories of child maltreatment were administered a harassment task while their cardiac activity, emotional states, and stress appraisals were assessed. Before the stressor, the women were randomly assigned to either of two schema priming conditions: thinking and writing about a supportive person (social support schema condition) or a casual acquaintance (control condition). In comparison to women in the control condition, women in the support condition evidenced less state anger and heart rate variability (i.e., rMSSD) reactivity in response to the laboratory stressor; however, the support schema and reactivity relationship did not vary significantly between women with high versus low interpersonal problems. The support schema and state anger reactivity relationship was fully mediated by primary stress appraisals (e.g., feeling challenged and feeling intimidated), but not secondary stress appraisal (e.g., feeling in control). These findings suggest that there are nuances in the relationship between support schema and reactivity. Clinical and research implications are discussed.Ph. D.
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Zhang, Jing. „Community Characteristics and Trajectories of Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors: The Cumulative Advantage/Disadvantage and Subjective Appraisals of Social Support as Mechanisms“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39389.
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Studies examining neighborhood effects on adolescent outcomes have indicated that adolescents growing up in low-income neighborhoods are at higher risk of developing internalizing and externalizing behaviors. However, knowledge of the long-term effects of neighborhood disadvantages on internalizing and externalizing behaviors and the involved mechanisms across adolescence is limited. Using family life course theory and the cumulative advantage/disadvantage perspective, this study examined how community disadvantages in early adolescence accumulate over time to influence later internalizing and externalizing behaviors and the protective effects of subjective appraisals of social support by adolescents and their primary caregivers. I estimated a two-level growth curve model using three waves of data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). Results indicated subjective appraisals of social support by both adolescents and caregivers played a protective role to buffer the negative effects of community disadvantages on internalizing and externalizing behaviors across adolescence. These results provide insight for the development of intervention programs at both family and government levels to improve adolescent outcomes.Ph. D.
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Germeroth, Vanessa R. „Human Resources Administrator Perceptions of Procedural and Distributive Justice in Performance Appraisals as Predictors of Satisfaction Among Academic Support Staff“. Thesis, Lindenwood University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3734047.
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The roles provided by academic support staff workers are critical for institutions, yet the workgroup is often overlooked or underrepresented in scholarly research. Performance appraisal is a necessary component of employment and support staff should experience justice in the appraisal of their performance. The appraisal process for workers should match position descriptions and should align with departmental and institutional strategic goals. A qualitative, phenomenological, interview-based approach was selected for this study. One-on-one interviews occurred to explore the perceptions of human resources administrators at two-year, non-profit community colleges located in three Midwest states in the United States of America. Success in performance appraisal can be realized when all workers, at all levels of the institution, are knowledgeable of the reason for performance appraisal and use of the information. The findings of this study are consistent with existing studies, but increase the knowledgebase with new information. Data analysis resulted in identification of major themes and anomalies among the responses. Identified themes were: (a) annual performance appraisal frequency, (b) appraisal review meetings, (c) recordkeeping practices, (d) performance appraisal training insufficiencies, and (e) collaborative decision-making. Identified anomalies were: (a) probationary or orientation performance appraisal, (b) annual anniversary, or hire date, appraisal, rather than same-date annual appraisal, (c) digital management and storage of performance documentation, and (d) coaching or mentoring performance appraisal, rather than Likert-type scale or descriptive phrase performance rating practices. Perspectives and instances of injustice in the appraisal process can cause dissatisfaction and detrimental effects for workers and the institution.
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Buyukkilic, Salih Gokhan. „An Appraisal Of Structural Glass Wall Systems With Emphasis On Spider Fitting Details“. Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/1004662/index.pdf.
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The technological and innovational developments in steel and glass industries has enabled designers to create completely transparent façades. Building faç
ade articulations designed to attain maximum transparency, have thus been executed with the contribution of elegant steel supporting systems, having heavy load bearing capacities, by minimizing the dimensions of structural systems. The aim of this study was to define, analyze and evaluate the accumulated knowledge on structural glass wall systems in general, with particular emphasis on those that may be denoted as &
#8218
spider&
#8482
glass fitting elements for potential applications, to formulate a design guide for professional designers. Hence, the primary elements of the system
the support structure, glass, glass connection joints and the other secondary elements have been evaluated within the architectural context. In the second part of the study, glass connection fitting elements were examined. Additionally the products developed by the manufacturing firms and commonly used in various projects were evaluated. Thereafter, whole document, data, photos of the spider fittings were combined in a spider fitting selection table, prepared and created by the author, which describes the types of spider fittings in detail. Finally, technical adequacy, experience, level of organization and workmanship within the context of Turkey, to evaluate the level of knowledge, were studied. In this regard, the glass wall facade the Akman Condomunium Business Center-Medicorium building, constructed with local materials and local manufacturing companies, was examined and compared with the Boeing Headquarters building in USA, which was constructed with a similair glass wall facade system.
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Van, der Water Desmond. „Towards a eucharistic theology and practice for the South African context : a re-appraisal of Reformed eucharistic theology from the perspective of the Eucharist in Catholic liberation theology“. Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15883.
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Bibliography: pages 102-105.The theology and practice of the eucharist emerged as one of the major points of contention in the 16th Century Reformation. While the Reformers themselves differed in their respective eucharistic theologies, they were nevertheless unanimous in rejecting what they perceived as heresy and abuse in the theology and practice within the Roman Catholic Church. Part One of this dissertation explores the Reformed teaching on the eucharist by surveying the eucharistic theologies of the Reformers, Huldrych Zwingli and John Calvin, and more recent theologians, Peter Forsyth and Karl Barth. The challenge of the Reformation, however timeous and valid, did not go far enough. While the Reformers went to great lengths to expose theological heresy and to condemn abuses, they gave scant attention to the contextual implications of their theology. For instance, the Reformation focussed on such theological issues as the "essence" or "substance" of Christ's presence in the eucharist, without giving attention to its missiological implications within the contextual struggles for human liberation from socio-political and economic structures of domination, oppression and exploitation. Roman Catholic theology of liberation, emerging from Latin America in the latter part of the 20th Century, presents a compelling challenge to both traditional Catholic teaching and Reformed theology and practice. While not departing from the basic tenets of Catholic teaching, liberation theology adopts a radically critical stance, whereby any orthodox theology and practice is judged in terms of its relevance to the existential situations of human oppression, poverty and suffering. Part Two of this dissertation reflects on the response of liberation theologians to a new crisis for the sacraments within the Roman Catholic Church. This is done by surveying the eucharistic theologies of Juan Luis Segundo, Rafael Avila (from Latin America) and Tissa Balasuriya (from Asia). The Churches of the Reformed tradition have not as yet adequately responded to the challenges within a country characterised by racism, state oppression, social injustices and economic exploitation. A Reformed eucharistic theology and practice should be formulated for the South African context, which takes seriously the criticisms of Catholic liberation theology, while simultaneously exploring the contextual implications of its own Reformed tradition. It is not necessary for a Reformed understanding of the eucharist to break with tradition, anymore than Catholic liberation theology does. What is required is that the tradition be retrieved in relation to the struggle for liberation within our historical context. Part Three sets out the proposal for a eucharistic theology and practice for the South African context, in terms of two major themes, namely those of protest and celebration. These themes are fundamental to both the biblical framework and the contextual application of the eucharist, are consonant with the intention of Reformed eucharistic theology. Central to the proposal will be the formulation of a theology and practice of the community-of-faith. It will become evident as to what is meant by community-of-faith as we explore the above themes.
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Chandler, Melanie Elizabeth. „The psychological impact on partners of people with spinal cord injuries : the role of social support, coping strategies and appraisals associated with adjustment“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275188.
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Jarrold, Karen. „How do carers of people with early episode psychosis cope and adjust? : to what extent do demographics, social support, appraisals and coping predict distress?“ Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437398.
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Berzengi, Azi. „Investigating the relationship between religious coping, appraisals, social support, and symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) : a correlational study using an Islamic community sample“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/56833/.
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Background: Contemporary models of PTSD view posttraumatic appraisals and social support as important factors in the onset and maintenance of this condition (e.g., Ehlers & Clark, 2000). Islam is central to the lives of its adherents (e.g., Hamdan, 2007) and religion influences its followers’ beliefs and coping with adversity (Pargament, 1997). The impact of religious beliefs on coping with psychological distress has received increasing attention in the last two decades (Braam et al., 2010). However, like the literature on PTSD (e.g., Foa et al., 2009), this research has almost exclusively focused on Christian, Western populations (e.g., Abu-Raiya & Pargament, 2014). Therefore, this study aimed to better understand how religious coping, appraisals (religious and non-religious), and perceived social support influence the posttraumatic adjustment of Muslim trauma survivors. Method: A cross-sectional, correlational design was conducted to study the relationships between PTSD symptoms and posttraumatic appraisals, negative religious coping, negative Islamic appraisals, and perceived social support. Eighty-eight Arabic-speaking Muslim trauma survivors, recruited from the community, completed a questionnaire booklet measuring the study variables. Results Contrary to expectations, symptoms of PTSD were not significantly associated with negative religious coping, negative Islamic appraisals, and perceived social support. However, posttraumatic appraisals were associated with, and predictive of, PTSD symptoms. Exploratory mediation analyses revealed that posttraumatic appraisals also mediated the relationships between negative religious coping and PTSD symptoms, and between negative Islamic appraisals and PTSD symptoms. Discussion: The current theoretical and clinical emphasis on posttraumatic cognitive appraisals in PTSD may also be applicable to Muslim trauma survivors. Contrary to previous research, however, negative religious coping and negative Islamic appraisals appear to have an indirect effect on PTSD symptoms. Several methodological limitations, including the heterogeneous sample composition, could account for some of the findings. These limitations, alongside the theoretical and clinical implications of the results, are discussed.
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Lemons, Courtney Ann. „The Role of Social Support and Emotional Representations in Health Outcomes for Individuals with Chronic Illness“. UNF Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/431.
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Health related outcomes for individuals with chronic symptoms of illness can be influenced by complex, socio-emotional processes. The primary interest of this study was to determine whether perceived social support lessens the negative emotional appraisals of illness experience (e.g. anger, fear, hostile interpretations of illness), and the role of these emotional appraisals in health outcomes for those diagnosed either with a conventional chronic illness (e.g. diabetes, arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or a functional somatic syndrome (e.g. fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, irritable bowel). Data for this study were collected from a series of four surveys administered online, which included measures of perceived social support (MSPSS), emotional representations of illness (IPQ-R), and health outcomes (SF-36). The sample included 151 participants (129 Female, 22 Male), all of whom experienced chronic somatic symptoms for at least 3 months, with 57 classified as having a conventional diagnosis (CD) and 94 with a functional somatic syndrome (FSS). The results suggest a potential mechanism for the buffering effect of social support, such that those with higher levels of social support reported lower degrees of emotional representations. After controlling for demographic and illness-related variables, social support was a significant predictor of emotional representations of illness. Emotional appraisals of physical symptoms predicted a majority of the health dimensions of the SF-36; including social functioning, role limitations due to physical problems and emotional problems, emotional well-being, vitality, and overall perception of general health. The pattern of findings underscores the need to consider the influence of psychosocial processes on both psychological and physical well-being in populations adjusting to chronic illness.
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Ranung, Eira, und Adam Wramsby. „The well-being of Swedish psychologists in their early work-life : The relationship between emotional demands, role stressors, social support, appraised well-being and job satisfaction“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-130619.
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In Sweden, psychologists are one of the professions with the most serious maladaptive stress reactions, however the subject is rather unexplored amongst newly graduated psychologists. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of emotional demands and role stressors on appraised well-being and job satisfaction among newly graduated working psychologists in Sweden, with social support as a potential moderator. Data was collected among alumni from six Swedish universities providing a psychology program, of which 561 respondents out of 622 met our inclusion criteria. A hierarchical moderated regression, showed that emotional demands affected appraised well-being negatively. Both appraised well-being and job satisfaction was negatively influenced by role stressors, and positively influenced by met expectations and social support. A moderating effect of social support from colleagues on appraised well-being was found, in psychologists experiencing role ambiguity. This study contributes to further understanding on how demands and resources available to newly graduated psychologists interact and affect their appraised well-being and job satisfaction.
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Zimmermann, Julia Antonia [Verfasser], Yolanda [Akademischer Betreuer] Demetriou, Yolanda [Gutachter] Demetriou und Doris [Gutachter] Holzberger. „The relationship of teachers’ multidimensional autonomy support in physical education and students’ leisure-time physical activity mediated by cognitive appraisals and achievement emotions / Julia Antonia Zimmermann ; Gutachter: Yolanda Demetriou, Doris Holzberger ; Betreuer: Yolanda Demetriou“. München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/124174033X/34.
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Gracióli, Jocelaine Cardoso. „Percepção do enfermeiro acerca da readaptação funcional do trabalhador da enfermagem sob a ótica da gestão“. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2017. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11911.
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This study aimed mainly to know the nurses perceptions on the Nursing workers functional readaptation in a teaching hospital. The specific goals were to know the nurses` strategies on receiving the Nursing worker in functional readaptation and to describe the appraisal process of the nurse`s accomplished performances with the Nursing worker in functional readaptation in a teaching hospital. The methodology consisted in a exploratory descriptive field research with a qualitative approach and it happened in Santa Maria`s University Hospital. The participants were 19 nurses under the Brazilian legal labor system for public organizations who work with Nursing workers in the functional readaptation process. The data collection was done through semi structured interviews between May and June, 2016. The data were analyzed according to Minayo`s operative proposal for content analysis. All the ethical aspects were respected in accordance to the December, 2012 Brazilian National Health Counsil resolution number 466 and the project was approved under the number CAAE 53557916.4.0000.5346. This dissertation includes three articles. The first targeted to discuss the main goal and it comprehends the following content categories: nurse`s perception about the readjusted worker; the easiness and difficulties of the return to work; the reception of the worker in functional readaptation returning to work. The second aimed to know the nurses` strategies on receiving the Nursing worker in functional readaptation with the categories: user embracement and worker in functional readaptation care at the work setting; planning of the readjustment process for the Nursing worker. Lastly, the third article intended to describe the appraisal process of the nurse`s accomplished performances with the Nursing worker in functional readaptation in a teaching hospital setting. Communication, one of the ranked strategies, was one of the maneuvers used by the nurse while appraising and informally evaluating. The main results according to the perception of the interviewed nurses are: the discrimination and prejudice faced by workers in functional readaptation; insecurity about returning to work, an aspect that affects their performance; the necessity for willingness to return to work, and the nurses also pointed out management difficulties to work with this worker and the importance of institutional planning to receive the nursing worker in the process of functional readaptation. As strategies to receive this worker, the nurses emphasized the user embracement, the negotiation, the communication process and respect to the labor limitations. Regarding the performance appraisal, participating nurses advocated for daily evaluations, based on communication and on the adoption of an informal method of appraisal. It is expected for this study to contribute to the return of nursing workers to work when in a situation of health restriction, and that it also can enable managers to devise strategies that allow a healthy functional readaptation permeated by positive experiences for workers, managers and institutions. In addition, it hopes to stimulate reflections and discussions within academic and professional settings, encouraging new researches about this subject. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the nursing workers` process of functional readaptation is a complex one, requiring the institution involvement, the management staff and the worker itself. Developing a team work, so that they accommodate the worker returning to labor activities, facilitates the readptation. Another attitude that contributes to the worker`s return to work is credited to a frank process of negotiation between the readjusted and the management staff. Furthermore, willingness and commitment to return to work is necessary on the worker`s behalf.Este estudo, teve como objetivo geral, conhecer as percepções dos enfermeiros na readaptação funcional dos trabalhadores de enfermagem em um hospital universitário e como objetivos específicos, conhecer as estratégias dos enfermeiros ao receber o trabalhador de enfermagem em readaptação funcional, e descrever o processo de avaliação de desempenho realizado pelo enfermeiro com relação ao trabalhador de enfermagem em readaptação funcional de um hospital universitário. A metodologia do estudo consistiu em uma pesquisa de campo, descritiva exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, que foi realizada no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria. Os participantes do estudo foram 19 enfermeiros, do Regime Jurídico Único, que atuam com o trabalhador de enfermagem em processo de readaptação funcional. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio da entrevista semiestruturada, entre os meses de maio e junho de 2016. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo temática da proposta operativa de Minayo. Foram respeitados todos os aspectos éticos conforme Resolução 466 de Dezembro de 2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, sendo o projeto aprovado sob o nº CAAE 53557916.4.0000.5346. A dissertação contempla três artigos. O primeiro teve como propósito discutir o objetivo principal e contempla as seguintes categorias temáticas: percepção do enfermeiro sobre o trabalhador readaptado; facilidades e dificuldades de retorno ao trabalho; recepção do trabalhador e necessidade de um processo formal na instituição. O segundo objetivou-se conhecer as estratégias dos enfermeiros ao receber o trabalhador de enfermagem em readaptação funcional, com as categorias acolhimento e cuidado com o trabalhador em readaptação funcional no cenário laboral; planejamento do processo de readaptação do trabalhador de enfermagem. Por fim, no terceiro artigo teve-se o intuito de descrever o processo de avaliação de desempenho realizado pelo enfermeiro com relação ao trabalhador de enfermagem em readaptação funcional de um hospital universitário. Sendo, as categorias denominadas, comunicação como uma das estratégias utilizadas pelo enfermeiro ao avaliar e realizando avaliação informal. Como principais resultados, conforme a percepção dos enfermeiros entrevistados, obteve-se, a discriminação e o preconceito que o trabalhador em readaptação funcional enfrenta; a insegurança no retorno ao trabalho, fato que afeta seu desempenho; a necessidade de haver disposição para retornar as atividades laborais, e os enfermeiros ainda apontaram dificuldades gerenciais para atuar com este trabalhador e a importância de um planejamento na instituição para receber o trabalhador de enfermagem em processo de readaptação funcional. Como estratégias para receber este trabalhador, os enfermeiros destacaram o acolhimento, a negociação, o processo de comunicação e respeito as limitações laborais. No que se refere, a avaliação de desempenho, os enfermeiros participantes preconizaram a avaliação diária, sustentada na comunicação e adoção de um método informal de avaliar. Espera-se, que este estudo possa contribuir para o retorno do trabalhador de enfermagem ao trabalho quando em situação de restrição de saúde, possibilitar aos gestores a elaboração de estratégias que permitam uma readaptação funcional salutar, permeado de experiências positivas para trabalhadores, gerentes e instituições. Além de, estimular reflexões e discussões dentro dos espaços acadêmicos-profissionais, e incentivar novas pesquisas sobre a temática. Por fim, foi possível concluir que o processo de readaptação funcional do trabalhador de enfermagem é um processo bastante complexo, exige envolvimento da instituição, da gerencia e do próprio trabalhador. Desenvolver um trabalho com a equipe para que esta acolha o trabalhador no seu retorno as atividades laborais, facilita a readaptação. Outra atitude, que contribui para o retorno do trabalhador ao trabalho, deve-se ao franco processo de negociação entre o readaptado e a gerencia. Além disso, é necessário, disposição e empenho para retornar ao trabalho, também por parte do trabalhador.
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lin, Wei-chen, und 林韋辰. „Using BSC and Self-Appraisal to Support CMMI Implementation“. Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54194163995064977291.
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碩士南台科技大學
資訊管理系
95
Taiwan government is actively promoting CMMI to Taiwan software industry in years. Many software organizations have already passed formal appraisals to achieve higher maturity levels, and the benefits from CMMI implementation are widely confirmed and accepted. However, the cost of CMMI implementation and appraisal is huge; it needs lots of resources to achieve the extreme goal. Moreover, the increase of workload, the resistance of staffs, the change of organizational culture, and so on are also the problems. Therefore, how to overcome these difficulties is a big challenge. Toward overcome of the problems, this thesis proposes a Balanced Scorecard (BSC) -added and CMMI IDEAL-based approach that incorporates customized BSC with CMMI IDEAL model for continuous representation. BSC is a standard strategic method that enables organizations to clarify their vision and strategy, and then translate to objectives and down to actions. Therefore, with BSC our approach can enables staffs to see the insight of the strategies of CMMI and the organization, so as to reduce the resistances of staffs for the internal change of the organization. In addition, the approach can focus the resources of the organization and the processes of CMMI on the execution of the strategy to help the organization build its core and long-term competition. For continuous process improvement and the preparation of formal appraisals, the approach also suggests self-appraisal that conforms to the criteria of ARC (Appraisal Requirements for CMMI). Because BSC is an outstanding organizational strategic method with many successful real cases, we believe that the incorporation of BSC with CMMI IDEAL model should be able to conquer the related implementation difficulties, and even enhance the long-term competition of the organization.
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Kuo, Chen-yi, und 郭真伊. „CMMI Appraisal Support System by Fuzzy Quantitative Integrated Metric Model“. Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92609289613142988185.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
資訊管理系碩士班
92
In Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI), Lead Appraiser (LA) evaluates the processes of one company according to qualitative sources such as Instrument, Interview and Document through direct Artifacts, indirect artifacts and Affirmation. Due to the subjective measurement and non-quantitative expression of LAs, this paper proposes a Fuzzy Quantitative Integrated Metric Model (FQIMM) that combines Quantitative Software Metrics Set (QSMS), linguistic variables, interval of confidence and a new fuzzy number ranking method. It can help companies to evaluate on quantitative approach and then know itself status more quickly and effectively. Moreover, CMMI Appraisal Support System (CMMI-ASS) is developed to help self-assessment companies to accomplish the appraisal process. In the other hand, a new fuzzy number ranking method is proposed to rank the companies. In order to verify the proposed method, it is compared with other ranking methods. Furthermore, it is applied to the ranking order of the performance of CMMI level 2 in practical.
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Chen, Chun-Yen, und 陳俊彥. „Using Quantitative Software Metrics to Support CMMI Deployment and Appraisal“. Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31985512407352214829.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊管理系
91
While a software organization adopts CMMI model to initiate its software process improvement, a series of activities such as gap analysis, process development, piloting, deployment, mini-appraisal, formal appraisal need to be taken. Formal Appraisal leaded by SEI authorized Lead appraiser (LA) is performed by the regulations of the Appraisal Requirements for CMMI (ARC) and Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement (SCAMPI). However, the assessment criteria, scale labels and ratings defined in both documents for the evaluation of process area’s goals and practices are all qualitative descriptions. Thus, so far CMMI deployment and appraisal activities are all based on the subjective judgment made by appraisal team members or lead appraisers. This thesis aims at proposing quantitative software metric sets for supporting CMMI deployment and appraisal activities. The software metrics proposed in this thesis are derived with references of ARC and SCAMPI standards, ISO 9126 standard for defining the metrics specification, the Practical Software and System measurement methodology for defining the software metrics, and Function Point Analysis (FPA) model for benchmarking the software metrics. This thesis also proposes a two-stage performance assessment and improvement process. The process first uses general metrics for assessing the general practices (GP) within a process area (PA), then using specified metrics for assessing its specified practices (SP). The merit of the quantitative software metric sets proposed in this thesis is to improve the efficiency of CMMI deployment and appraisal activities by providing more objective and valuable information.
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„Stress appraisal and social support of mothers of mentally retarded adults“. Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5888186.
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by Theresa, Yuk ki Chen.Includes questionaire in Chinese.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-80).
abstract --- p.ii
acknowledgments --- p.iii
list of tables --- p.vi
Chapter
Chapter 1 --- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY AND LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.1
The stress of families with mentally retarded children --- p.1
Stress encountered by parents of mentally retarded adults --- p.5
The concept of social support and its effects --- p.8
Stress and social support of families with mentally retarded children --- p.9
The optimal-matching model of stress and social support --- p.13
Purpose of the present study --- p.20
Chapter 2 --- RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY --- p.24
Subjects --- p.24
Instruments --- p.26
Procedure --- p.28
Chapter 3 --- RESULTS --- p.30
The social functioning of the mentally retarded adults --- p.30
Sources and. nature of stress --- p.30
Sources of social support --- p.46
Nature of social support --- p.49
Stress appraisal and effectiveness of social support --- p.53
Support needed the nature of stress --- p.57
Stress appraisal and social support needed --- p.59
Chapter 4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.61
Nature of stresses in mothers of mentally retarded adults --- p.61
Sources and nature of social support received --- p.66
Testing the optimal-matching hypotheses --- p.68
"The , needs for social support" --- p.71
Limitations and suggestions for further' study --- p.72
Implications for rehabilitative services of mentally retarded individuals --- p.74
REFERENCES --- p.75
APPENDIX
Chapter A --- LETTER TO THE SUBJECT --- p.81
Chapter B --- CONSENT FORM FOR SUBJECT --- p.83
Chapter C --- THE STRUCTURED INTERVIEW SCHEME --- p.85
Chapter D --- VINELAND SOCIAL MATURITY SCALE --- p.94
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Hazell, A. A. „An appraisal of the pillar support system at the St. Helena gold mine“. Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/16748.
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