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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Applied economic“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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1

Colvin, Christopher L., und Paul Winfree. „Applied History, Applied Economics, and Economic History“. Journal of Applied History 1, Nr. 1-2 (10.12.2019): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25895893-00101001.

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Abstract As a new field of academic enquiry, applied history has a unique opportunity to learn lessons from other applied fields. In this essay, we set out how we think applied historians can learn from past successes and mistakes of applied economists and economic policymakers in their use, and abuse, of economic theory and economic history. What we call here the “New Applied History” has great potential to improve the way policymaking is conducted. But only if its practitioners understand the power, and limitations, of theory. We apply our ideas to the case of budgetary policymaking in the United States.

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2

Duflo, Esther. „American Economic Journal: Applied Economics“. American Economic Review 99, Nr. 2 (01.04.2009): 676–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.2.676.

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3

SZMRECSÁNYI, TAMÁS. „História econômica, teoria econômica e economia aplicada“. Brazilian Journal of Political Economy 12, Nr. 3 (1992): 448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0101-31571992-0574.

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RESUMO Esta nota trata da importância da história econômica na formação de um economista. Com a ajuda de grandes profissionais do passado, notadamente Schumpeter e Kula, o artigo mostra que, sem uma grande compreensão do passado, não pode haver análise consistente dos fatores econômicos presentes (e futuros).

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4

Sørensen, Jan Rose. „Applied political economic modelling“. European Journal of Political Economy 6, Nr. 3 (Dezember 1990): 442–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0176-2680(90)90073-r.

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5

Майдачевский, Дмитрий. „Kaufman's «statistical experiment»: quantitative economic history as applied economics“. Известия Иркутской государственной экономической академии 25, Nr. 5 (2015): 794–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/1993-3541.2015.25(5).794-802.

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6

Duflo, Esther. „Report of the Editor American Economic Journal: Applied Economics“. American Economic Review 102, Nr. 3 (01.05.2012): 672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.672.

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7

Duflo, Esther. „Report of the Editor, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics“. American Economic Review 98, Nr. 2 (01.04.2008): 596–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.2.596.

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8

Taylor, Mark P. „The applied economics of economic growth: introduction and overview“. Applied Economics 41, Nr. 13 (Mai 2009): 1575–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840903016613.

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9

Sunley, P. „Applied evolutionary economics and economic geography * K. Frenken (Ed.)“. Journal of Economic Geography 8, Nr. 6 (15.04.2008): 825–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbn015.

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10

Schamp, Eike W. „Applied Evolutionary Economics and Economic Geography - Edited by Koen Frenken“. Economic Geography 84, Nr. 4 (06.03.2009): 479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-8287.2008.00008.x.

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11

Townsend, Robert. „Financial Structure and Economic Welfare: Applied General Equilibrium Development Economics“. Annual Review of Economics 2, Nr. 1 (04.09.2010): 507–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.economics.102308.124427.

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12

Koster, Sierdjan. „Applied evolutionary economics and economic geography – Edited by Koen Frenken“. Papers in Regional Science 86, Nr. 4 (November 2007): 661–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2007.00143.x.

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13

Ashmarina, E. M., und E. V. Terekhova. „Economic law: theoreticaland applied aspects“. RUSSIAN JUSTICE 7 (Juli 2019): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2072-909x.2019.7.105-111.

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14

Ziegel, Eric R., Aman Ullah und David E. A. Giles. „Handbook of Applied Economic Statistics“. Technometrics 42, Nr. 2 (Mai 2000): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1271490.

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15

Edward Curtis Jr., James. „Essays in Applied Labor Economics, Including Analysis of Economic History and Laws & Economics“. International Research in Economics and Finance 2, Nr. 2 (08.12.2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/iref.v2i2.460.

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In this paper, James Edward Curtis, Jr. (2018) compiles essays on applied labor economics, economic history,and laws & economics to address economic issues. James Edward Curtis, Jr. (2018) considers economic theory,summary empirical analyses, and government & social constru

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16

Villacís González, José. „Thermodynamic Laws Applied To Economic Systems“. American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 2, Nr. 3 (01.05.2009): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v2i3.4052.

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Economic activity in its different manifestations – production, exchange, consumption and, particularly, information on quantities and prices – generates and transfers energy. As a result, we can apply to it the basic laws of thermodynamics. These laws are applicable within a system, i.e., in a country or between systems and countries. To these systems we can apply the thermodynamic principles. In order to work with these concepts, we must first define what a system, in this case an economic system, is and then explain what we mean by a closed or open system. Given that entropy is intimately connected to the level of disorder within a system and, thus, with its information, this multiple vector connects the systems internally and externally.

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17

van der Ploeg, F., und A. J. Hughes Hallett. „Applied Decision Analysis and Economic Behaviour.“ Economica 53, Nr. 210 (Mai 1986): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2553960.

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18

Andreasen, Alan R., und Benjamin Herzberg. „Social Marketing Applied to Economic Reforms“. Social Marketing Quarterly 11, Nr. 2 (Juni 2005): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245000500198216.

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As social marketers seek to broaden their purview to include upstream applications, they are handicapped by the lack of examples of such applications. This article represents a retrofit of social marketing approaches developed by Andreasen to a major international intervention in Bosnia Herzegovina to reduce the array of impediments to private sector business investment and growth. The Bulldozer Initiative project, run by Herzberg, focused on two target audiences, businessmen and politicians, and sought participation by the former and support and legislative change from the latter. The Initiative was highly successful and resulted in a major change in the business climate and wide praise from an array of international agencies. Major components of the program closely conformed to ways in which social marketers would have constructed them.

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19

Bendlin, Dr Luciano, Priscila Mara Knoblauch und Tania Valentim de Lima Fantin. „Economic Engineering: Economic Viability of Industrialized Mortar Applied with Projector and Applied in the Conventional Form“. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 7, Nr. 3 (2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.73.6.

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20

Maria, S., P. Adalmiro und T. Tânia. „MAIN AND DECISIVE ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL RATIOS – APPLIED IN CORTICEIRA AMORIM“. Global Research Review in Business and Economics 9, Nr. 4 (August 2023): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.56805/grrbe.23.9.4.21.

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21

Hamza, Abdulmadi Raheem, Hussein Abdul Amir Ali und Hussein Wissam Jabbar. „ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN IRAQ (AN APPLIED STUDY ON THE REALITY OF THE IRAQI ECONOMY)“. International journal of business and management sciences 04, Nr. 05 (08.05.2024): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/ijbms-04-05-09.

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The research aims to study the environmental impacts resulting from the practice of various economic activities, which have serious repercussions on the environment, which represents the comprehensive container for the elements of natural wealth, and on society and life in general. The problem of environmental pollution is represented by the transformation of many environmental resources, represented by rivers, water bodies, air, and soil, from being free commodities to being economic commodities whose supply is characterized by relative commodities. This problem is expected to worsen if the volume of economic activity continues to increase. It is clear that economic progress is accompanied by an increase in the costs that must be borne to keep the environment clean, and economists distinguish between private costs and social costs. It is possible, in principle, to control or limit pollution resulting from economic activity through multiple means and policies, the most important of which is the policy of state intervention, directly or indirectly, through the use of its economic tools such as taxes and subsidies. The problem of environmental pollution is a global problem that no country can get rid of, and Iraq is one of the countries that has suffered greatly from this problem over the past three decades as a result of the scourges of wars, neglect, poverty, destruction, etc., all of which have had a negative impact on the Iraqi environment, in addition to the fact that Agricultural and industrial economic activities in particular and the methods used in them have also been reflected in the exacerbation of this problem.

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22

Christy, Ralph D. „“Economic Correctness” and Agricultural Economics“. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 25, Nr. 1 (Juli 1993): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800018551.

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AbstractThis address is directed toward applied economists as they provide information to private and public decision makers. Central to this discussion is the role of markets as institutions in achieving society's desired ends. Current “economic correctness”–the view that unfettered markets are superior in achieving efficiency, growth, and welfare-has attempted to return a larger role to the private sector, but the relative roles of market-oriented versus government-oriented solutions to problems are often not well appraised. Views presented herein calls for agricultural economists to move simultaneously toward an understanding of the strategic behavior of firms in imperfectly competitive markets and toward an adoption of policy analysis consistent with a socially complex and globally integrated economy.

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Knežević, Vladimir, Dragan Ivković und Aleksandra Penjišević. „Institutional economics and economic development“. Ekonomika 66, Nr. 3 (2020): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekonomika2003081k.

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This research deals with the relationship between economic quality of institutions and economic development. For obtaining the value quantification of institutional quality, we measured rankings of 138 most important national economies based on three pillars of competitiveness, and we used Gross national product per capita to measure development. We applied Spearman`s rank correlation coefficient based on these two parameters for measuring the relationship between ranking of national economies. There is no doubt that a strong direct relationship was recognised. The value of the result lies in the identification of institutional economics as the major cause for different development levels of certain countries. This implies that in case of value measurement of our country, also the most efficient tool would be to put focus on increase of institutional quality.

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24

Bloomfield, Peter, und Arnold Zellner. „Applied Time Series Analysis of Economic Data“. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 5, Nr. 1 (Januar 1987): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1391228.

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25

DAWE, C. V. „FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING APPLIED TO AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC INVESTIGATION“. Journal of proceedings of the Agricultural Economics Society 1, Nr. 4 (05.11.2008): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9552.1931.tb01883.x.

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26

Ferrazza, Adriana Cioato, Beno Nicolau Bieger, Gean Lopes da Luz, Cristiano Nunes Nesi, Cristiano Reschke Lajús und Márcio Antônio Fiori. „Factorial Economic Planning Applied to Agricultural Experimentation“. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 5, Nr. 6 (2018): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.5.6.35.

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27

Watson, Mark W., und Arnold Zellner. „Applied Time Series Analysis of Economic Data.“ Journal of the American Statistical Association 80, Nr. 391 (September 1985): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2288516.

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28

Arfini, F. „Bio-Economic Models Applied to Agricultural Systems“. European Review of Agricultural Economics 39, Nr. 5 (29.10.2012): 884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbs036.

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29

Barro, Robert J. „Economic Growth and Convergence, Applied to China“. China & World Economy 24, Nr. 5 (September 2016): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cwe.12172.

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30

VIVCHAR, Oksana, Volodymyr GEVKO und Lubov KVASNYI. „SECURITY OF ECONOMIC AGENTS UNDER CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION: METHODOLOGICAL BASIS AND APPLIED CONTEXTS“. Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 308, Nr. 4 (28.07.2022): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-308-4-38.

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The article examines the conceptual and categorical apparatus of «digitalization» and the algorithm of digitalization process of economic agents in the context of security conditions. A practical toolkit of methods and algorithms (SADT, IDEF, UML, BPMN) that ensure the automation of work flow management using web technologies has been substantiated. As a result of scientific research, the main vectors of ensuring the safety of economic agents in the modern conditions of the digitalization of economic processes have been identified. On the basis of which, the key forms of implementation of digital processes are characterized on the state and development possibilities of strengthening the security of economic agents. The peculiarities of providing the appropriate security components in the conditions of active processes of economic relations digitalization have been studied.

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31

Chang, Chia-Lin. „Editorial for Applied Econometrics“. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 13, Nr. 9 (19.08.2020): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm13090187.

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This Editorial evaluates 14 invaluable and interesting articles in the Special Issue “Applied Econometrics” for the Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM). The topics covered include recovering historical inflation data from postage stamps prices, FHA loans in foreclosure proceedings through distinguishing sources of interdependence in competing risks, information in earnings forecasts, nonlinear time series modeling, a systemic approach to management control through determining factors, economic freedom and FDI versus economic growth, efficient cash use of the Taiwan dollar, financial health prediction in companies from post-Communist countries, influence of misery index on U.S. Presidential political elections, multivariate student versus Gaussian regression models in finance, financial derivatives markets and economic development, income inequality and economic growth in middle-income countries, abnormal returns, mis-measured risk, network effects, and risk spillovers in stock returns.

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Harris, Hal. „The “A” in SAEA – Agricultural… or Applied?“ Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 44, Nr. 3 (August 2012): 307–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800000419.

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I am perhaps not the best person to argue the case of Agricultural Economics over that of Applied Economics. When I came to Clemson in 1975, we were Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology. When the number of sociologists dropped to one in 1990, we became Agricultural and Applied Economics. Our Ph.D. program had already adopted the title Applied Economics in 1984. People like Jim Hite, Buddy Dillman, and Mark Henry were leaders in Environmental Economics and Rural Economic Development and were fans of Applied Economics. I strongly agreed with these name changes at the time. Clemson was in the vanguard of similar name changes across the country over the past 25 years. But, I wonder now if we were wise or not.

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Perminova, Z. G. „APPLIED INFORMATICS AT THE UNIVERSITY WITH ECONOMIC PROFILE“. Vestnik of Khabarovsk State University of Economics and Law, Nr. 1 (105) (03.03.2021): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/2618-9526-2021-1-133-141.

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The article presents the analysis of the activity of the Department of Information Systems in Economy in the bachelors training in the field of «Applied Informatics». The data obtained by the questionnaire survey of the graduate group was used for the research

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Yakovleva, E. N. „Managing economic climate security: theoretical and applied aspects“. Vestnik Universiteta, Nr. 11 (05.01.2022): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2021-11-14-23.

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The article proposes to consider climate security as an important factor in the sustainable development of the economy. The problems of climate risk management have been identified. Based on a literature review, a system of national climate regulation objectives have been proposed and logically justified. The main stages of their achievement have been presented. The need for a project-based approach to climate regulation has been justified. The idea of a national project at state level and three federal projects as part of it has been proposed. The author’s model for managing the country’s climate security has been presented. The standard plan for the implementation of this model at the regional level has been developed. The results can be used in national strategic management of country climate security and its constituent entities.

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Saraiva Júnior, Abraão Freires, Cristiane de Mesquita Tabosa und Reinaldo Pacheco da Costa. „Monte Carlo simulation applied to order economic analysis“. Production 21, Nr. 1 (11.03.2011): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-65132011005000016.

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The use of mathematical and statistical methods can help managers to deal with decision-making difficulties in the business environment. Some of these decisions are related to productive capacity optimization in order to obtain greater economic gains for the company. Within this perspective, this study aims to present the establishment of metrics to support economic decisions related to process or not orders in a company whose products have great variability in variable direct costs per unit that generates accounting uncertainties. To achieve this objective, is proposed a five-step method built from the integration of Management Accounting and Operations Research techniques, emphasizing the Monte Carlo simulation. The method is applied from a didactic example which uses real data achieved through a field research carried out in a plastic products industry that employ recycled material. Finally, it is concluded that the Monte Carlo simulation is effective for treating variable direct costs per unit variability and that the proposed method is useful to support decision-making related to order acceptance.

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DIXON, PETER B. „THE INSTITUTE OF APPLIED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH“. Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 8, Nr. 3 (September 1989): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.1989.tb01082.x.

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37

Vagsholm, I., L. Nesse und R. Gudding. „Economic analysis of vaccination applied to ovine listeriosis“. Veterinary Record 128, Nr. 8 (23.02.1991): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.128.8.183.

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38

BEUTELS, P. „Economic evaluations applied to HB vaccination: general observations“. Vaccine 16 (November 1998): S84—S92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00305-3.

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39

Mikhailov, I. „Applied economic model development algorithm for electronics company“. SHS Web of Conferences 35 (2017): 01121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20173501121.

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40

Rezepin, Aleksandr. „SPATIAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS: METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS AND APPLIED SOLUTIONS“. Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Economics and Management" 15, Nr. 4 (2021): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/em210405.

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Despite its high demand with regard to application, the scientific direction of the problems of the development of spatial economic systems is the least developed block in the field of studies of the territorial organization of the economy. The analysis of spatial economic systems requires a special toolkit, different from the methods of regional analysis. The combination of methodo-logical principles of new economic geography, methodology of "new locality", system-dynamic and synergetic approaches allows to obtain new scientifically significant results. In terms of ex-panding the application potential, the article presents a study of the dynamic characteristics of spatial economic systems, namely, the rates of economic growth and their stability, the region's involvement in the country's economic space, and the flexibility of the sectoral structure of pro-duction. According to the results of the study, four patterns of the economic dynamics of the re-gions have been revealed. Increased spatial connectivity, diversification of production, and the development of new industries can be the possible mechanisms for the adaptation of the region-al economy to new conditions and sources of recovery growth.

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PASTRAVANU, OCTAVIAN, MIHAELA-HANAKO MATCOVSCHI und MIHAIL VOICU. „Perron-Frobenius theory applied to Leontief economic systems“. Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation 3, Nr. 4 (16.11.2018): 363–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2018.3.4.363.

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Perron-Frobenius theory, well-known for non-negative matrices, is applied to the study of a category of economic systems described by Leontief-type models. For the considered models, the paper presents a qualitative point of view, oriented towards the solution existence / non-existence, as well as a quantitative point of view, oriented towards the solution construction. The main instruments used by our study are the structure of communication classes and the eigenvalue-eigenvector structure (also called matrix eigenstructure). A numerical case study is used for the illustration of theoretical concepts and results.

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Streck, Roland. „Economic and ecological aspects in applied olefin metathesis“. Journal of Molecular Catalysis 76, Nr. 1-3 (Oktober 1992): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-5102(92)80172-d.

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43

Vlasov, Dmitriy A. „PrecisionTree tool in future economist's applied mathematical training system“. Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin 5, Nr. 122 (2021): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/1813-145x-2021-5-122-78-87.

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The construction and study of models of economic situations in the form of decision trees is a professionally significant educational topic, which is reflected in the disciplines «Decision Theory», «Game Theory», «Mathematical Foundations of Financial Decisions», etc. Informatization of the educational process based on the new PrecisionTree tool allows not only a complete quantitative analysis of the economic situation under consideration, but also a primary visual analysis of decisions based on the data presented in the MS Excel spreadsheet without involving quantitative characteristics to clarify many possible outcomes and their possible consequences. The article shows how the use of the PrecisionTree tool as part of the teaching of the academic discipline «Theory of Decision Making» at the Institute of Mathematics, Information Systems and Digital Economics in Plekhanov REU allows you to introduce students of an economic undergraduate to new problems of decision theory arising from the professional activities ofreal economic agents (entrepreneurs, manufacturing firms, investors, etc.), mechanisms for choosing the optimal solution and instrumental implementation of the justification of this choice. The identified five methodological features make it possible to fully unleash the research and instrumental potential of the PrecisionTree tool in the practice of training the future economist. In addition, thirteen tools, the possibilities of which are disclosed in this article, allow us to organize the educational and cognitive activities of a student of an economic bachelor's degree in a new way

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Frolov, I. „Reflections on Applying Economic Theory in Social and Economic Research“. Voprosy Ekonomiki, Nr. 12 (20.12.2009): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2009-12-72-82.

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The article considers some methodological aspects of interaction between economic theory and applied economic research. It is shown that to use theoretical conceptions and principles directly in applied studies does not make sense since one always needs specific forms of knowledge as an intermediate level. The reason for relative autonomy of theoretical and applied economic knowledge is that a theoretician and an applied researcher face different types of entities in cognition and entertain different types of practice.

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Halasiuk, Viktor. „Theoretical and applied aspects of restructuring the national economy of Ukraine“. Economics ecology socium 3, Nr. 1 (31.03.2019): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2019.3.1-8.

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Introduction. The article deals with problems and consequences of the Ukrainian economy deindustrialization under the neoliberal paradigm dominance in government's economic policy. The problems of deindustrialization in transition economies during the period of postindustrial transformation in developed countries and the neoliberal economic thought dominance has so far been overlooked. The subject-matter of the study is structural shifts caused by deindustrialization and diversification of the economy. The methodological principles of research involve joint application of a set of well-known common scientific methods as well as special research methods in economics, such as retrospective analysis method to investigate the origin of modern neoliberal economic doctrines. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to distinguish the fundamental differences in structural changes in the economy of Ukraine and developed countries and to identify key areas for restructuring the domestic economy on the basis of modernization and reindustrialization policy. Results. The fundamental differences between dramatic reduction of the industrial sector share in the Ukrainian economy and economy diversification with a relative decrease in the share of industry that occurs in mature economic systems under transition to the postindustrial stage of development are revealed. It’s proved that formal signs of a transition to a postindustrial society may reflect diametrically opposed trends of economic development. A critical analysis of the theoretical postulates of economic thought that underlies leading international organizations’ cooperation with individual countries is conducted. It’s argued that neoliberal economic paradigm relies on abstract, sterile, and unfeasible hypotheses based on ideology, not the experience of successful structural transformations. Key areas of Ukraine's economic policy transformation include a set of tools of budget, infrastructure, tax, customs and foreign trade policies to ensure structural changes in output and export. It’s argued that such measures, as introducing a local component criterion in public procurements, free connection of industrial objects to engineering networks, tax incentives for industrial park residents, barriers to raw materials exports, revision of Ukraine’s obligations under WTO, launching of an export-credit agency, deploying a network of official trade missions in key partner countries, etc., will trigger reindustrialization of Ukrainian economy. Conclusions. Implementation of a full-fledged industrial policy in developing countries is hampered by the rule of neo-liberal economic ideology, which denies the possibility of effective state governance of structural changes in the national economy. The article puts forward a critical view on the mainstream economic ideology and discusses its destructive impact on the Ukrainian economy that is worth to be introduced in masters’ graduation programs in economics. Implementation of author’s recommendations on reforming governmental economic and industrial policy is a basis for launching reindustrialization processes in the Ukrainian economy.

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Zaverbnyj, A., und H. Pushak. „Theoretical and Applied Principles of Supply Chain Management under Crisis Economic Conditions: Strategic Aspect“. Economic Herald of the Donbas, Nr. 4 (70) (2022): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2022-4(70)-57-62.

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The article highlights the main methodological and strategic aspects of supply chain management under crisis economic conditions. The authors defined the essence of the concept of «supply chain». In the supply chain structure, it is possible to distinguish complete logistics chains, which, in turn, contain all key links and stages of the reproduction process, starting from raw material sources and ending with final consumers. New tasks related to the formation of rational logistics chains, supply chains and the construction of effective systems of their management have been analyzed. Comparative characteristic of supply chain management models is given. The key characteristic features include structural and conceptual, the level of interconnection with the enterprise strategy, the breadth of the set of activities, intra-organizational connections, inter-organizational connections, value forming factors, information support, etc. A new vision of economic transformation is established in logistics practice. Integration into global production networks will allow countries (especially Ukraine) to reveal their comparative advantages by focusing on specific tasks and industries. Modern production systems, which have become the end result of the dynamism of production factors, distribution and production networks, have been studied. The critical problems regarding the choice of existing corporate strategies by enterprises for their further effective expansion have been highlighted. The strategies available in the global economy have been analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages have been highlighted. In general, to establish the cumulative impact of all business processes on the level of performance of the supply chain, which will allow us to approach the measurement of the level of their synergistic effect, it is necessary to ensure constant monitoring of indicators in two areas: process and system. Under crisis economic conditions (in particular, instability of markets, destruction of well-established supply chains, in particular, due to military actions), there is a need for a quick response, complete modernization, and adaptation of the proposed logistics services throughout the supply chain. It has been proposed to form and offer a market of the latest, perfect, adaptive services to clients, which will allow balancing the unpredictability of the market with the need to obtain a stable, growing level of profitability.

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Baumert, Anna, Thomas Schlösser und Manfred Schmitt. „Economic Games“. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 30, Nr. 3 (01.01.2014): 178–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000183.

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The psychometric properties of behaviors in economic games as indicators of stable latent dispositions of altruism and fairness were tested in two studies. Using latent state-trait analyses, we explored the factor structure of offers in the dictator game, rejection decisions in the ultimatum game, and altruistic punishment and altruistic compensation in a three-person game. Results showed that four distinct but intercorrelated latent dispositions best described the interindividual differences in these behaviors. The reliabilities and stabilities of these behaviors across 6 weeks were generally moderate to high. Correlations with self-report measures of personality suggested that offers in the dictator game and altruistic compensation reflect a concern for fairness coupled with a reluctance to harm others. Rejection decisions in the ultimatum game were correlated with competitiveness and the need for power. In sum, our results suggest that economic games have good psychometric qualities as instruments that can be used to assess stable latent dispositions and can be employed as objective personality tests sensu Cattell to gain a more complete picture of personality beyond self-reports.

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Naudé, Piet J., und Stan du Plessis. „Economic Inequality: Economics and Theology in Dialogue“. International Journal of Public Theology 12, Nr. 1 (23.04.2018): 73–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341524.

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Abstract This essay is a bi-disciplinary effort in applied ethics by a theologian and an economist who both share the convictions of the Christian faith and wish to demonstrate the significance of this faith for the vexing question of economic inequality. Following the see- judge- act- model often used in public theology, it examines first conceptual matters in order to define economic inequality and undertake a limited descriptive task to get a clearer empirical picture of what economic inequality entails. There is then a moral assessment of economic inequalities (“judge”) where ethically acceptable and objectionable aspects of inequality from the economic and theological perspectives are distinguished. From these perspectives, this essay concludes with possible interventions and actions (“act”) to reduce morally unacceptable forms of economic inequality and scope for co-operative efforts between economics and public theology in this area.

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Marcus Vinicius Faria de Araujo, Luisa Jardim Faria de Araujo e Sousa, Marina Jardim Faria de Araujo und Antonio Henriques de Araujo Junior. „The game theory applied to the Covid-19 pandemic“. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 9, Nr. 2 (30.11.2021): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.9.2.0260.

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The classification of COVID-19 as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), substantiated a global crisis in public and economic health, exposing failures of governments and markets in terms of the ability to act in a corrective, preventive and, above all, predictive manner, given the appearance of exogenous factors. One of the visible consequences of the pandemic is the polarization between Economy and Health in the countries, creating a competitive environment that resembles a duopoly where each player ends up acting and making their decisions according to what the other does. This article considers this scenario by quantitatively evaluating economic results that are possible to be achieved when in a negotiation essay between ‘Economics’ and ‘Health’, using the economic theory of games. The discussion developed points out to the existence of an “optimal strategy” for both the ‘Economy’ and ‘Health’ player, capable of maximizing the expected payoff for the population. From the application of the Pareto Equilibrium combined with the Coase Theorem, there is an opportunity to eliminate market and government failures with the achievement of a ‘Social Optimum’ throughout this and eventual future pandemics.

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Saputro, Guntur Eko, Herlina Tarigan und Deni Dadang Ahmad Rajab. „THE ROLE OF DEFENSE ECONOMIC IN ECONOMIC GROWTH“. Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity 7, Nr. 2 (31.08.2021): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v7i2.1239.

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<p class="Els-history-head">The fundamental problems in economic development in Indonesia are the low level of welfare, unsustainable economic growth, and the inadequate development process of economic sectors. Defense economics is a branch of science that applies economics to national defense issues. Defense economics as a multidisciplinary study discusses resource allocation, income distribution, economic growth, and political stability as applied to topics related to defense. According to the defense economy, the impact of the use of the defense budget on the economy can be viewed from the demand or consumption and supply or production approaches. From the consumption side, the defense can protect national resources against various threats, so that national consumption becomes stable and even increases. This research uses role theory according to Biddle and Thomas, among others, Expectation, Norm, Performance, and Evaluation. The research objective is to provide government input on the importance of the economic role of defense in economic growth in Indonesia. Research using qualitative methods is aimed at understanding social phenomena from the perspective of the participants. The result that has been achieved is that the defense economy plays a role in improving security stability, so it is recommended that the government pay attention to defense-security spending budgeting, in particular the adequacy of its allocation, priority level, and linkages between other components</p>

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