Dissertationen zum Thema „Application aux frontières“
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Walter, J. „Couplage intégrales de frontières – éléments finis : application aux capsules sphériques et ellipsoïdales en écoulement“. Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00454538.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLarrey, Eric Georges. „Résolution de l'équation de pression par la méthode des éléments frontières : application aux turbomachines“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1432_elarrey.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGarnica-Anguas, Paul. „Simulation numérique du frottement entre solides par équations intégrales aux frontières et modèle d'interface non linéaire : application aux pieux“. Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10143.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNajid, Abdellah. „Contribution à l'étude des guides d'ondes à nervures : application à la modélisation des vis et aux polariseurs“. Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT033H.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGoncalves, Olga. „Benchmarking et performances des destinations : Approche par les frontières d'efficience et application aux stations de sports d'hiver“. Perpignan, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PERP1133.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTourism is one of the first economic activities in the world but this sector faces an intense competition and ski resorts destinations are particularly affected (attendance decrease, climate change, etc. ). In this context, French ski resorts destinations’ performance is questioned and the need to adopt appropriate strategies constitutes an important challenge for tourism decision-makers. In order to maintain their competitive advantage, destination’ managers need to drive optimal strategic and managerial choices. The need to adopt new criteria to evaluate ski resorts’ performance becomes an important issue. One of the challenges of this doctoral thesis is to promote the use of benchmarking quantitative methods (as the non-parametric efficient frontier methods) to address various issues in the field of Management Sciences. Beyond the performance measurement of decision making units, it is also important to explain these performances to highlight problems about organizational quality and strategic choices. The aim of this thesis is also to provide guidelines for both mountain professional decision-makers and policy makers (at the local or national level) to ensure the development and the attractiveness of ski resorts destination
Sarda, Alain. „Contribution expérimentale en vue de valider des algorithmes d'identification et de commande de frontières mobiles. Application à la solidification dirigée“. Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT2066.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBourret, Agnès [Henriette]. „Traitement et optimisation des conditions aux frontières pour un modèle de circulation côtière : application au cas de la Guyane“. Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2005AIX22084.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe French Guiana continental shelf presents a particular configuration and a conjunction of different hydrodynamic factors: strong coastal current flowing along the coast to the Northwest, high stratification due to the Amazon River with a weak salinity tongue located about 40km off the coast and a mixed tide with two daily low and high tides of different amplitudes by day. The particular topography and hydrodynamics lead us to consider the studied area as partly bounded by one southern coastal closed boundary, by two open cross-shore boundaries and one outer long-shore boundary. In this boundaries configuration, tidal currents are essentially parallel to the cross-shore boundaries whereas the coastal current flows perpendicularly to these ones. The accurate modelling of all these phenomena needs the use of well-suited open boundary conditions (OBC), especially for passive boundaries. A large panel of OBC is implemented and tested: Neumann condition, Orlanski conditions, gravity wave conditions, Roed and Smedstad's condition, Raymond and Kuo's condition, characteristic methods. Experiments are conducted with the three-dimensional, primitive equation, code MOBEEHDYCS and are shared in two parts. First, OBC concerning only barotropic variables are tested in four different situations. Then, combinations of OBC are experimented in two three-dimensional cases. According to our results, the behaviour of OBC is directly influenced by the tidal circulation, which is tangential to the passive boundary under study. Characteristic method and Neumann condition give the best results for the barotropic mode whereas radiation conditions involve a phase lag of the tidal velocity component normal to the boundary. This OBC study has continued with an analysis of the interaction between tide and stratification. The presence of a halocline involves a decrease of the vertical eddy viscosity coefficient and a decoupling between the movements of the surface layer and the bottom layer. On the French Guiana, there is a very low phase lag between surface and bottom tidal currents with a vertical oscillation of the halocline and a horizontal cross-shore migration of the weak salinity waters. The availability of current data on the boundaries of the domain under study, acquired during a sea campaign, has focused our attention on their use in modelling, notably thanks to the data assimilation. Indeed, the boundary-variables affect highly the interior solution but a state vector containing these variables is of reduced size. This technique of data assimilation allows to adjust boundary-values between observations and numerical results. We have implemented a new Kalman filter, constituted of three parts: a part of forecasting, a part of analysis and a part of feed-back where the boundary state vector is used to force the model to calculate the interior solution. A first test has been conducted with a two-dimensional diffusion equation in order to analyse the behaviour of this filter in different situations. A second more complex test has been driven with a linear version of two-dimensional hydrodynamic code in case of a coastal current moving progressively into the domain. Tests use the principle of twin-experiments. This study has shown the feasibility of this new technique of data assimilation and the easy implementation and calculation thanks to the weak size of the state vectors
Le, Van Huynh. „Application de la méthode intégrale aux frontières au calcul de la forme d'un jet frappant une surface en mouvement“. Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTaillandier, Vincent. „Contrôle des conditions aux frontières ouvertes d'un modèle de circulation côtière avec une méthode variationnelle d'assimilation de données : application au Golfe du Lion“. Phd thesis, Toulon, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002365.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmdi, Mohammed. „Simulation numérique en interaction fluide structure : application aux problèmes vibroacoustiques“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10115/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn many cases the noise which we are daily exposed are due to the vibration of a structure (industrial machinery, vehicle, appliance...). Nevertheless, all the sounds we perceive are not necessarily due to the vibration of a structure, for example, wind noise, the sounds of turbine or jet noise...The vibroacoustic research is closely linked with industrial applications because the industry needs new numerical tools, developed in research centers to develop new silent products. Indeed, purely experimental approaches are generally lengthy, complicated and expensive they can be, again, very inefficient. Since the ultimate objective is to design a structure that reduces noise for a good acoustic comfort, numerical simulations can be included in the design optimization techniques to design optimum shape and optimizationmaterials. Once the simulations validated by experimental results, it can be used as a design tool for improving the structure of the affected system. The main aim of my thesis is the development of numerical predictive tools for the noise reduction due to the vibrationof structures. To do this, the original theoretical formulations have been developed and implemented to encourage the design of silent products. In a more specific way, both parties will be addressed : the first part addreeses the familiarproblem of irregular frequencies of the finite element boundary, the BEM for acoustic radiation in an external field. In the second part of this thesis the formulation of the fast multipole method FMM coupled with BEM, as well asits implementation and validation were carried out to push the boundaries of the BEM in terms of computation time and memory
Cheny, Yoann. „La méthode LS-STAG : une nouvelle approche de type frontière immergée/level-set pour la simulation d'écoulements visqueux incompressibles en géométries complexes : Application aux fluides newtoniens et viscoélastiques“. Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10052/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis concerns the development of a new Cartesian grid / immersed boundary (IB) method for the computation of incompressible viscous flows in two-dimensional irregular geometries. In IB methods, the computational grid is not aligned with the irregular boundary, and of upmost importance for accuracy and stability is the discretization in cells which are cut by the boundary, the so-called ``cut-cells''. In this thesis, we present a new IB method, called the LS-STAG method, which is based on the MAC method for staggered Cartesian grids and where the irregular boundary is sharply represented by its level-set function. This implicit representation of the immersed boundary enables us to calculate efficiently the geometry parameters of the cut-cells. We have achieved a novel discretization of the fluxes in the cut-cells by enforcing the strict conservation of total mass, momentum and kinetic energy at the discrete level. Our discretization in the cut-cells is consistent with the MAC discretization used in Cartesian fluid cells, and has the ability to preserve the 5-point Cartesian structure of the stencil, resulting in a highly computationally efficient method. The accuracy and robustness of our method is assessed on canonical flows at low to moderate Reynolds number~: Taylor Couette flow, flows past a circular cylinder, including the case where the cylinder has forced oscillatory rotations. We extend the \em LS-STAG \em method to the handling of moving immersed boundaries and present some results for the transversely oscillating cylinder flow in a free-stream. Finally, we present the first IB method that handles flows of viscoelastic fluids. The discretization of the constitutive law equation is based on the \em LS-STAG \em method and on the use of a fully staggered arrangement of unknowns, which ensures a strong coupling between all flow variables in the whole domain. The resulting method is applied to the flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid in a 4:1 planar contraction with rounded corner
Cailleau, Sylvain. „Validation de méthodes de contrainte aux frontières d'un modèle océanique : application à un modèle hauturier de l'Atlantique nord et à un modèle régional du Golfe de Gascogne“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE10208.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpecifying boundary conditions at the limits of a coastal models remains a challenge, especially for long term (multi-year) simulations. In this work, we compare several methods which allow to consider inflow and outflow conditions to the limits of a regional ocean model over long periods. The methods investigated are clambed and radiation boundary conditions, oneway and two-way grid refinement in a model of larger extent, one-way, two-way and Schwarz domain decomposition coupling of a coastal model with a general circulation model. A 1/3 degree coarse resolution model of North ATLantic (NATL3) is used to provide inflow conditions on a 3 year period (1996 to 1998) to a coastal1/15 degree fine resolution model of the BAy of BiscaY (BABY15). NATL3 model fields are used to provide boundary conditions to the coast al model in different ways. NATL3 provides the boundary information required by the clambed and the radiation conditions when BABY15 is run alone. It can be refined from 1/3 to 1/15 degree in the region of the BABY15 model with AG RIF tool developed by the Laboratoire de Modélisation et de Calcul (LMC, Grenoble) team, the coarse grid and the fine grid being integrated with or without a feedback of the fine grid onto the coarse grid (two-way or one-way mode) [. . . ]
Friot, Damien. „Comptabilité environnementale et mondialisation. Quels défis ? Quels modèles pour y répondre ? Application d'un modèle Economie-Environnement-Impacts à l'évaluation des impacts environnementaux en Chine induits par l'Europe, et aux taxes carbone aux frontières de l'UE“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00527496.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOuarit, Hicham. „Réduction des systèmes à paramètres distribués : application à la commande optimale robuste des canaux d'irrigation“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169967.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle(canaux d'irrigation). Nous nous sommes intéressés à deux approches de synthèse de
commande optimale. La première approche consiste à synthétiser une loi de commande
optimale LQG /H2-LTR (de dimension finie) avec pondérations fréquentielles robuste vis-àvis
des erreurs engendrées par la réduction à un modèle de dimension finie des équations de
Saint Venant. Le modèle réduit est obtenu par collocation orthogonale à partir du modèle
linéarisé tangent de Saint Venant. Un observateur est également proposé qui permet de
reconstruire l'état du système à partir des seuls états mesurés à l'amont et à l'aval de chaque
bief. Le régulateur optimal robuste et l'observateur ont été testés sur différents modèles de
référence ainsi que sur un micro-canal expérimental réel. Ils sont comparés aux résultats
obtenus par d'autres méthodes de régulation connues. La seconde approche de synthèse
consiste à faire l'approximation en dimension finie d'une loi de commande (de dimension
infinie) obtenue à partir des équations de Saint Venant linéarisées mais non réduites. Nous
présentons dans ce rapport des résultats liés à l'analyse et à la synthèse du régulateur optimal
LQ en dimension infinie appliquée aux équations de Saint Venant. Nous décrivons ensuite le
moyen d'obtenir une approximation en dimension finie du régulateur LQ sur la base de
l'équation de Riccati d'opérateurs associée au problème.
Salagnac, Patrick. „Application d'une méthode d'éléments finis basée sur le concept des volumes de contrôle à la résolution de problèmes de mécanique des fluides et thermique présentant notamment des singularités aux frontières“. Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2271.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePerez, Sandra. „Analyse spatiale des régions frontalières et des effets de frontière : application aux espaces frontaliers franco-espagnols du Pays-Basque et de la Catalogne, et à l'espace franco-italien des Alpes-du-Sud“. Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE2026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAouane, Othmane. „Modélisation et simulation du mouvement d'interfaces déformables dans une géométrie confinée : application à l'étude de l'écoulement des globules rouges dans la microcirculation“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY096/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVesicles are extensively used as a model for understanding dynamicsand deformation of red blood cells at the individual level but also regarding collective phenomena and rheology. Vesicles' membranes withstand to bending butdo not have a shear resistance, unlike red blood cells, but they still share several dynamical properties with red blood cells, like tank-treading and tumbling under linear shear flow, or parachute and slipper shapes under Poiseuille flow. The red blood cells are known to form train of cells in the microcirculation attributed to attractive hydrodynamic interactions. We investigate numerically several kind of problems such as: (i) the dynamics of isolated cells; (ii) the hydrodynamic coupling between the red blood cells (by using vesicles as a model) subject to a Poiseuille flow under different confinements; (iii) the aggregation of red blood cells and formation of rouleaux; and (iv) the contribution of macromolecules in the formation of clusters under flow condition. The obtained results give a new insight into thephysics of deformable objects under confinement that are transposable to the flow of red blood cells in the microcirculation
Guillaume, Gwenaël. „Application de la méthode TLM à la modélisation de la propagation acoustique en milieu urbain“. Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00793252.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNouveau, Léo. „Adaptive residual based schemes for solving the penalized Navier Stokes equations with moving bodies : application to ice shedding trajectories“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0410/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe prediction of solid motion evolving in a fluid presents a real interest for engineering application such as ice accretion on aerodynamics bodies.In this context, considering de-icing systems, the ice shedding trajectory is needed to prevent the risk of collision/ingestion of the ice in/with some sensitive part of the aircraft. This application raises many challenges from a numerical point of view, especially concerning mesh generation/adaptation as the solid moves in the computational domain. To handle this issue, in this work the solids are known implicitly on the mesh via a level set function. An immersed boundary method, called penalization, is employed to impose the wall boundary conditions. To improve the resolution of these boundaries, the equations are solved on adaptive unstructured grids. This allows to have are finement close to the solid boundary and thus increases the solid definition,leading to a more accurate imposition of the wall conditions. To save computational time, and avoid costly remeshing/interpolation steps, the strategy chosen for unsteady simulations is to use a constant connectivity mesh adaptation,also known as r-adaptation
Siqueira, Pablo. „Optimisation des caractéristiques de frontière : Application aux structures mécano-soudées“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECDL0030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work treats the characteristics of large, welded mechanical structures. Special attention is given to the damping behavior at the welded boundaries. The problem is presented in the first chapter, with a review of joint models and a proposed modeling of damping. This model can be used to estimate the energy dissipation rate in a project before constructing the prototype to carry out experimental tests. The necessity to develop new tools for joint modeling are also discussed. The second chapter is a review of dynamic equilibrium principles in primal and dual formulation. The third chapter shows the application of these principles in substructuring techniques. Hybrid methods are presented in both primal and dual formulation. The application of these methods to the analysis of intermediate configurations between free and solid-clamped structures is also presented. In the fourth chapter some methods to update the terms related to the boundary coordinates are developed. The fifth chapter presents the extension of the substructuring hybrid models to dissipative and non-linear case. Some examples of application of the techncique are presented
Kyrylenko, Anastasiia. „L’exportation des normes de propriété intellectuelle par l’UE vers les pays voisins de l’Europe de l’Est“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022STRAA008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, I have addressed the IPR enforcement provisions of three Association Agreements (AAs), which the European Union (EU) concluded with Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine in the early 2010s. I drew on these AAs as representatives of the EU's often criticized external intellectual property (IP) policy, launched in 2004, which consists of exporting the EU's internal IP rules through trade agreements. Said analysis allowed me to approach the fundamental question of this thesis: is there something good with the EU trade agreements? The plain answer, supported by this thesis on the example of the AAs, is “yes”. The general investigation, which led to these conclusions, was threefold. First, I analyzed the general policy of the EU towards Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine regarding the enforcement of IPRs, as well as its perception in the academic literature. Second, after tracing existing academic criticism of the EU's trade agreements, I examined whether such criticism was justified, as applied to the three AAs. Third, based on this analysis, I identified additional problems that third countries might face when implementing a trade agreement with the EU
Nikfarjam, Farhad. „Extension de la méthode LS-STAG de type frontière immergée/cut-cell aux géométries 3D extrudées : applications aux écoulements newtoniens et non newtoniens“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0023/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe LS-STAG method is an immersed boundary/cut-cell method for viscous incompressible flows based on the staggered MAC arrangement for Cartesian grids where the irregular boundary is sharply represented by its level-set function. This approach results in a significant gain in computer resources compared to commercial body-fitted CFD codes. The 2D version of LS-STAG method is now well-established and this manuscript presents its extension to 3D geometries with translational symmetry in the z direction (3D extruded configurations). This intermediate step will be regarded as the milestone for the full 3D solver, since both discretization and implementation issues on distributed memory machines are tackled at this stage of development. The LS-STAG method is then applied to Newtonian and non-Newtonian flows in 3D extruded geometries (axisymmetric pipe, circular cylinder, duct with an abrupt expansion, etc.) for which benchmark results and experimental data are available. The purpose of these investigations is to evaluate the accuracy of LS-STAG method, to assess the versatility of method for flow applications at various regimes (Newtonian and shear-thinning fluids, steady and unsteady laminar to turbulent flows, granular flows) and to compare its performance with well-established numerical methods (body-fitted and immersed boundary methods)
Cherfils, Jean-Marc. „Développements et applications de la méthode SPH aux écoulements visqueux à surface libre“. Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00607041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNguyen, Minh Tuan. „Contribution à la formulation symétrique du couplage équations intégrales - éléments finis : application à la géotechnique“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00607258.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIsmail, Mourad. „Méthode de la frontière élargie pour la résolution de problèmes elliptiques dans des domaines perforés : application aux écoulements fluides tridimensionnels“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006401.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoyer, Anne. „Applications des techniques de programmation dynamique et de quantification vectorielle à la reconnaissance des mots isolés et des mots enchaînés“. Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10459.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNtovoris, Eleftherios. „Contribution à la théorie des EDP non linéaires avec applications à la méthode des surfaces de niveau, aux fluides non newtoniens et à l'équation de Boltzmann“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1057/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis consists of three different and independent chapters, concerning the mathematical study of three distinctive physical problems, which are modelled by three non- linear partial differential equations. These equations concern the level set method, the theory of incompressible flow of non-Newtonian materials and the kinetic theory of rare- fied gases. The first chapter of the thesis concerns the dynamics of moving interfaces and contains a rigorous justification of a numerical procedure called re-initialization, for which there are several applications in the context of the level set method. We apply these results for first order level set equations. We write the re-initialization procedure as a splitting algorithm and study the convergence of the algorithm using homogenization techniques in the time variable. As a result of the rigorous analysis, we are also able to introduce a new method for the approximation of the distance function in the context of the level set method. In the case where one only looks for a level set function with gradient bounded from below near the zero level, we propose a simpler approximation. In the general case where the zero level might present changes of topology we introduce a new notion of relaxed limits. In the second chapter of the thesis, we study a free boundary problem arising in the study of the flow of an incompressible non-Newtonian material with Drucker-Prager plasticity on an inclined plane. We derive a subdifferential equation, which we reformulate as a variational problem containing a term with linear growth in the gradient variable, and we study the problem in an unbounded domain. We show that the equations are well posed and satisfy some regularity properties. We are then able to connect the physical parameters with the abstract problem and prove some quantitative properties of the solution. In particular, we show that the solution has compact support and the support is the free boundary. We also construct explicit solutions of an ordinary differential equation, which we use to estimate the free boundary. The last chapter of the thesis is dedicated to the study of infinite energy solutions of the homogeneous Boltzmann equation with Maxwellian molecules. We obtain new results concerning the existence of eternal solutions in the space of probability measure with infinite energy (i.e. the second order moment is infinite). These solutions describe the asymptotic behaviour of other infinite energy solutions but could also be useful in the study of intermediate asymptotic states of solutions with finite but arbitrarily large energy. We use harmonic analysis tools to study the equation, where the velocity variable is expressed in the Fourier space. Finally, a logarithmic scaling of the time variable allows to determine the correct asymptotic scaling of the solutions
Pozzi, Giulia. „Justice distributive, justice productive : l'approche par les capabilités entre fondation et application“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040203.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEver since Aristotle, the idea of justice has been subsumed into the concept of distribution. Yet, what practice would correspond, from the point of view of capabilities, to the realization of justice, defined as the equal possibility, for all men and women, to pursue « real liberty » ? Certain of Sen’s writings would suggest, via a perspective that could be dubbed « post-Marxist », that it is essential to meet the needs of people, both at social and global levels. Specifying this notion, I propose two ideas : that of « needs-liberties », which reflects the needs that come about according to real liberty; and that of « impediments », representing that which poses obstacles to such liberty. Justice then comes to be relied to the idea of production in at least three ways : limitations to liberty are produced by structural factors, such as certain mechanisms of global production; the demands of people and groups constitute important indicators of these very limitations, and play a role in producing human development « from below » as it were. I apply this theoretical framework to the socioeconomic context of the border region between Mexico and the United States, demonstrating how it rely upon the deprivation of liberty, as it is particularly inflicted upon women. The dynamics responsible for such a « quality of life » including those relevant to the economic sphere, are logically placed under a politico-philosophic critique