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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "AOP unit"
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Gileles-Hillel, Alex, Ira Erlichman und Joel Reiter. „Apnea of Prematurity: An Update“. Journal of Child Science 09, Nr. 01 (Januar 2019): e50-e58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678669.
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AbstractApnea of prematurity (AOP) affects the majority of infants born prematurely, before 34 weeks of gestational age. AOP is a common diagnosis in the neonatal intensive care unit and one of significant clinical importance, both immediate and long term, as it is associated with reduced survival and poorer respiratory and neurodevelopmental outcomes. In this review, we provide an up-to-date summary of recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of AOP, as well as the clinical questions relevant to physicians and staff treating infants with AOP. Finally, we discuss monitoring and discharge decisions, as these are areas of significant uncertainty.
2
Ma, Cheng, Denisse Broadbent, Garrett Levin, Sanjeet Panda, Devaraj Sambalingam, Norma Garcia, Edson Ruiz und Ajay Pratap Singh. „Discharging Preterm Infants Home on Caffeine, a Single Center Experience“. Children 7, Nr. 9 (28.08.2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children7090114.
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Background: Apnea of prematurity (AOP) affects preterm neonates. AOP, combined with intermittent hypoxemic (IH) events frequently prolongs the length of stay. Caffeine is the preferred medication to treat AOP and may help improve IH events. There is lack of information on the safety of discharging preterm neonates home on caffeine for AOP in the literature. Our objective was to assess safety and benefits, if any, of discharging preterm infants home on caffeine. Methods: After IRB approval, preterm infants discharged home from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on caffeine were compared with those without a discharge prescription for the period of January 2013 to December 2017. Results: A total of 297 infants were started on caffeine, and of those, 87 infants were discharged home on caffeine. There was no difference in length of stay between two groups. Duration of caffeine at home was 31 (28–42) days. The average cost of apnea monitor and caffeine at home per 30 days was USD 1326 and USD 50. There was no difference in number or reasons for emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalizations between two groups. Conclusion: AOP affects almost all preterm infants and along with intermittent hypoxemic events, and is one of the most common reasons for prolonged hospital stay. Discharging stable preterm infants home on caffeine may be safe, especially in those who are otherwise ready to be discharged and are only awaiting complete resolution of AOP/IH events.
3
Makgato, Stanford S., und Evans M. Nkhalambayausi-Chirwa. „Performance Evaluation of AOP/Biological Hybrid System for Treatment of Recalcitrant Organic Compounds“. International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/590169.
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Process water from nuclear fuel recovery unit operations contains a variety of toxic organic compounds. The use of decontamination reagents such asCCl4together with phenolic tar results in wastewater with a high content of chlorophenols. In this study, the extent of dehalogenation of toxic aromatic compounds was evaluated using a photolytic advanced oxidation process (AOP) followed by biodegradation in the second stage. A hard-to-degrade toxic pollutant, 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), was used to represent a variety of recalcitrant aromatic pollutants in effluent from the nuclear industry. A UV-assisted AOP/bioreactor system demonstrated a great potential in treatment of nuclear process wastewater and this was indicated by high removal efficiency (>98%) under various 4-CP concentrations. Adding hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a liquid catalyst further improved biodegradation rate but the effect was limited by the scavenging ofOH•radicals under high concentrations ofH2O2.
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Yasmeen, BH Nazma, Shaheen Akter, Fahmuda Akhter, Rowshan Jahan, Mahmuda Hassan und Md Mahbubul Hoque. „Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) reduces transfusion requirements in anaemia of prematurity“. Northern International Medical College Journal 6, Nr. 2 (01.05.2015): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/nimcj.v6i2.23171.
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Background: During the last two decades with the application of advanced technological supports have improved the survival rate of preterm very low birth weight (PT VLBW) infants. At the same time anemia of prematurity (AOP) one of the most frequent complications of these patients also has been increased in the neonatal units. Packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions are the mainstay of treatment of AOP. The frequency of blood transfusion is directly related to the exposure of the tiny preterm infants to various risks of transfusion.Objectives : To evaluate whether recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) therapy reduces the need of transfusions in AOP.Methods : A randomized controlled trial study was carried out at Neonatal Unit and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Dhaka Shishu (children) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh with 60 PTVLBW neonates. Among them 30 in group I (rHuEPO group) and 30 in group II (control) were assigned. Therapy with rHuEPO (200 IU / kg / dose) thrice weekly was initiated on day 7 of life to group I for 2 weeks. From day 14 or after that as soon as enteral feeding was initiated oral iron and folic acid were received by both groups. Hematological assessment (haemoglobin, haematocrit level and reticulocyte count) were done at 6 and 10 weeks of life.Results : At the time of enrollment in the study PTLBW babies of both groups were almost similar in gestetional age, birth weight, hemoglobin, hematocrit values and reticulocyte count (p>0.05). During the 10 weeks observation period, hematological values were increased and the number of blood transfusions as well as the number of infants who received any transfusion were reduced in rHuEPO group compared to control group (p<0.01). No adverse effect of erythropoietin were found.Conclusion : The combination of rHuEPO and Iron, folic acid therapy significantly reduces the number of blood transfusion as well as the percentage of infants who received any transfusion in AOP.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.6(2) 2015: 53-56
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Stamm, Brian J., Christina M. Lineback, Lesli E. Skolarus, Lewis B. Morgenstern und Gaurang V. Shah. „Artery of Percheron Infarct: 12 Cases and Their Complex Clinical Courses“. Neurohospitalist 8, Nr. 3 (28.12.2017): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941874417748543.
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Strokes involving the artery of Percheron (AOP), an anatomic variant of thalamic vascular supply, are rare. Little is known about the inpatient hospital course for these patients. We retrospectively identified consecutive patients with AOP in their medical charts from a university-based tertiary care hospital from January 1, 2000, to August 15, 2017. A chart review identified demographics, transfer status, in-hospital versus community onset of stroke, emergency medical services (EMS) use, presenting signs/symptoms, time to radiologic diagnosis (from time of presentation to tertiary care hospital or from time of initial symptom onset in an already hospitalized patient), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) use, intensive care unit (ICU) stays, intubation, length of stay (LOS), and discharge location. After radiologic inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, 12 patients were included in the study. There were 7 men and 5 women, and the mean age (SD) was 68 (15). Seven were transfers, and 4 had an in-hospital stroke. Of the 8 community-onset strokes, 7 utilized EMS. Mental status changes occurred in 11 of 12 and ocular disturbances in all patients. Time to radiologic diagnosis averaged 1.9 (median = 1.1) days. One patient received tPA. Eight received care in the ICU. Four were intubated. Average LOS was 8.3 days. Four were discharged home, 3 entered inpatient rehabilitation facilities, and 5 entered skilled nursing facilities. In-hospital stroke status further complicates the already challenging diagnosis of AOP infarct, and clinicians must maintain a high suspicion for this rare stroke in order to quickly diagnose and intervene.
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Park, Jong-Il, Young Lee, Kyoung-A. Jang, Keon-Hoi Kim, Tae-Hoon Lee und Sun-Wook Kim. „A Study on the Comparative Analysis of 2-MIB Treatment Characteristics and Optimization of Process Operation in 2-types of Advanced Water Treatment Plants in the Han River Water Supply System“. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 42, Nr. 12 (31.12.2020): 674–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2020.42.12.674.
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Objectives:In this study, through the results of the high-concentration 2-MIB (2-Methyl Isoborneol) treatment by two different types of advanced treatment plants (Post Peroxone+GAC, UV/H2O2+GAC F/A) which intake raw water from the same water intake facility, the 2-MIB removal characteristics by oxidation process of each WTPs (Water Treatment Plants) were compared and analyzed, and optimal operation methods were derived.Methods:The 2-MIB removal rate was compared and analyzed according to each AOP (Advanced Oxidation Process) operating conditions (Post Peroxone+GAC of the G WTP and UV/H2O2+GAC F/A of the I WTP). The optimal equations of chemical injection were derived through the correlation between the operating conditions of the AOP for each WTPs and 2-MIB removal rate. By analyzing the operating characteristics of each WTPs, the cost and unit price for optimal operation were calculated according to the 2-MIB concentration of raw water and water production. Optimal operating conditions were derived through the performance of oxidation facilities and chemical injection equations of each WTPs, and economical operating plans were reviewed through linked operation of 2 WTPs.Results and Discussion:The 2-MIB removal rates for each WTPs were 70~100% for the G WTP and 50~96% for the I WTP. The operating conditions affecting the 2-MIB removal were [O3 injection×contact time], H2O2/O3 for Post Peroxone of the G WTP, and [UV dose×H2O2 injection] for UV/H2O2 of the I WTP. As a result of comparing the operating cost(electric power cost + chemical cost) of each WTPs, I WTP was 6.6~24.3 KRW/m3 higher than G WTP. It is considered to be because the H2O2 injection was 11~43 times for UV/H2O2 than Post Peroxone. Optimal operating conditions could be derived through the performance evaluation of each oxidation facilities and chemical injection equations of each WTPs. The G WTP and the I WTP are equipped with pipe line for linked operation in the water supply pipes, so the water production for each WTPs can be distributed. In the case of the same water production, it was confirmed that the unit price can be reduced when the water production ratio of the G WTP is increased. Because the decrease in cost of the I WTP is higher than the increase in cost of the G WTP.Conclusions:It was confirmed that both Post Peroxone+GAC of G WTP and UV/H2O2+GAC F/A of I WTP were effective in 2-MIB treatment. As for the operating cost, it was analyzed that UV/H2O2 had higher unit pice than Post Peroxone because of the large amount of H2O2 injection. Considering the 2-MIB removal rate and operating cost of each WTPs, it was possible to derive the optimal operating conditions for each WTPs and a linked operation plan.
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Keen, Olya, James Bolton, Marta Litter, Keith Bircher und Thomas Oppenländer. „Standard reporting of Electrical Energy per Order (EEO) for UV/H2O2 reactors (IUPAC Technical Report)“. Pure and Applied Chemistry 90, Nr. 9 (25.09.2018): 1487–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2017-0603.
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Abstract The concept of Electrical Energy per Order (EEO) was introduced in 2001 as a figure of merit for evaluating the energy requirements of ultraviolet-based advanced oxidation processes (UV AOPs) used for the degradation of various organic contaminants. The EEO parameter represents the energy input into the reactor that can achieve an order of magnitude decrease in the concentration of a target contaminant in a unit volume. Since the introduction of this parameter, it has become increasingly popular among UV AOP researchers and practitioners. However, the EEO is often reported without important details that affect the parameter, making its interpretation difficult. The EEO depends on a variety of factors (e.g. the concentration and identity of the target contaminant and the amount of hydrogen peroxide added). Therefore, the EEO parameter needs to be reported in the literature with several other experimental details affecting the reactor performance and in a way that proper comparisons can be made between reactors across studies or manufacturers. This paper discusses the proper application of the EEO parameter for bench-, pilot-, and full-scale studies. Sucralose (artificial sweetener, C12H19Cl3O8) is proposed as a standard substance for reactor comparison.
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THONGMAK, MATHUPAYAS, und PORNSIRI MUENCHAISRI. „MAINTAINABILITY METRICS FOR ASPECT-ORIENTED SOFTWARE“. International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 19, Nr. 03 (Mai 2009): 389–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194009004234.
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Maintainability is an important factor that developers should be concerned because two-thirds of software costs involve maintenance. Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) paradigm is aimed to increase the software maintainability. It solves code tangling and code scattering problems by introducing a new modular unit, called "aspect". Various research works are provided to support measuring the object-oriented software, but only few studies are set up to support measuring the aspect-oriented software. This paper proposes aspect-oriented software maintainability metrics and a set of aspect-oriented design guidelines to support the metrics. By combining the proposed guidelines, object-oriented design principles, and aspect-oriented design principles, the metrics are constructed according to the Factor-Strategy (FS) quality model and the Factor-Criteria-Metric (FCM) quality model. Principle violation check definitions in the form of Boolean expressions are also defined to conduct software measurement and to fulfill the metrics. Finally, the aspect-oriented software maintainability metrics are applied to detect design principle violations in fifty AspectJ systems. The results show that for all systems their hidden flaws are exposed. Moreover, the proposed metrics are used to compare the maintainability between two versions of systems written in Java and AspectJ.
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Oke, Ninad, Swati Singh und Anurag Garg. „A comparative treatment of bleaching wastewater by physicochemical processes“. Water Science and Technology 76, Nr. 9 (10.07.2017): 2367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.355.
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Abstract The bleaching effluent discharged from a pulp and paper mill contains chlorinated organic compounds which are toxic to living matter. Physicochemical treatments such as coagulation and different advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) were employed for combined bleaching effluent generated from the first two stages (i.e. chlorination and alkali extraction) (pH = 3.5, chemical oxygen demand (COD) = 1,920 mg/L, and total organic carbon (TOC) = 663 mg/L). At optimum conditions (pH = 7.5, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) dose = 3.84 g/L and slow mixing time = 25 min), ∼68% removal in UV254 and ∼23% TOC removal was obtained during coagulation. Among various AOPs, UV/Fe2+/TiO2/H2O2 system showed the highest TOC and COD removals (∼78%) after 2 h duration (Fe2+:H2O2 molar ratio = 1:100). After the AOP process, chloride ion concentration and biodegradability of the treated wastewater was increased to 2,762 mg/L and 0.46 from an initial value of 2,131 mg/L and 0.29, respectively. The wastewater and sludge analysis showed oxidation and adsorption as the major mechanisms for organics removal. Upon reuse of the regenerated catalysts, TOC removal was reduced significantly. It was found that three times more sludge per unit TOC removal was generated after coagulation in comparison to that produced after UV/Fe2+/TiO2/H2O2 treatment.
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Kaźmierkiewicz, R., C. Czaplewski und J. Ciarkowski. „Elucidation of neurophysin/bioligand interactions from molecular modeling.“ Acta Biochimica Polonica 44, Nr. 3 (30.09.1997): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1997_4396.
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This is a review of our recent modeling work aimed at: (i) development and assessment of techniques for reliable refinement of low-resolution protein structures and (ii) using these techniques, at solving specific problems pertinent to neurophysin-bioligand interactions. Neurophysins I and II (NPI and NPII) serve in the neurosecretory granules of the posterior pituitary as carrier proteins for the neurophyseal hormones oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP), respectively, until the latter are released into blood. NPs are homologous two-domain, sulphur rich small proteins (93-95 residues, 7 disulphide bridges per monomer), capable of being aggregated. The C2 symmetrical NPI2 and NPII2 homodimers, and the (NPI/OT)2 and (NPII/VP)2 heterotetramers, all believed to be the smallest functional units, were modeled using low-resolution structure information, i.e. the C alpha-carbon coordinates of the homologous NPII/dipeptide complex as a template. The all-atom representations of the models were obtained using the SYBYL suite of programs (by Tripos, Inc.). Subsequently, they were relaxed, using a constrained simulated annealing (CSA) protocol, and submitted to about 100 ps molecular dynamics (MD) in water, using the AMBER 4.1 force field. The (NPI/OT)2 and (NPII/VP)2 structures, averaged after the last 20 ps of MD, were remarkably similar to those recently reported either for NPII/dipeptide or NPII/oxytocin complex in the solid state (Chen et al., 1991, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A. 88, 4240-4244; Rose et al., 1996, Nature Struct. Biol. 3, 163-169). The results indicate that the 3(10) helices (terminating the amino domains) and the carboxyl domains are more mobile than the remainder of the NP monomers. The hormones become anchored by residues 1-3 and 6 to the host, leaving residues 4-5 and 7-9 exposed on the surface and free to move. A cluster of attractive interactions, extending from the ligand binding site, Tyr-24-Ile-26 of unit 1(2), to the inter-monomer interface Val-36 of unit 1(2), Cys-79 and Ile-72 of unit 2(1), is clearly seen. We suggest that both these interactions as well as the increased mobility of the 3(10) helix and the carboxyl domain may contribute to the allosteric communication between the ligand and the unit1-unit2 interface.
Dissertationen zum Thema "AOP unit"
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Snider, Michael Bryan. „Using Class Interfaces and Mock Objects to Unit Test Aspects“. NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/8.
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In object oriented programming (OOP) class objects are individual units of code that encapsulate the desired functionality of each object. AOP is an attempt to handle the cross-cutting concerns that represent functionality needed by a class, but is not specific to that class. The cross-cutting functionality is implemented in AOP by using a class-like structure, the aspect. Aspects do not have their own context and as such are dependent upon other objects for their context. By not having their own context it is difficult to test the functionality of aspects. This study investigated the effectiveness of using class interfaces and mock objects to unit test aspects. This was accomplished by having the mock object inherit from the same interface as the base code, so that the mock object could be swapped in for the aspect.
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Al-awaji, Saleh Hussein. „Investigation and comparison of solution methods of the unit commitment problem for thermal units“. Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1990. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21293.
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This thesis deals with a general investigation and comparison of methods of solution of the unit commitment problem for thermal generating units. An intensive mathematical model for this problem has been developed and presented. The most commonly implemented methods for solving the problem of unit commitment were reviewed and discussed. Every reviewed method had been coded in FORTRAN 77 on a VAX11/785 machine. On the basis of the results obtained, a comprehensive comparison of the different methods ha; been carried out. For the comparison to be realistic and practical, each method was tested on three power systems of different sizes. As a result of the comparison, the unit commitment problem for a case study system has been solved by using the most appropriate method(s) from those discussed in the thesis. A new approach for solving the problem has also been proposed and tested.
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Aring, Carmen. „An excellence model for Centocor's remote R & D unit“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85171.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: To compete in today’s ”new” economy, Centocor R&D SCH has to attain and maintain a competitive advantage within the global Pharma/biotech industry. With their drive to become a centre of excellence in the fields of fill-finish of biologics and particle characterization, it is important that an analysis of the status quo be done, and that efficient systems and structures are implemented to achieve world class performance. In this project, the approach to business excellence is discussed. Business excellence is more than a simple accumulation of a range of best practices. It can only be achieved by implementing a structured approach towards business performance. This begins with an internal self-assessment; as well as an assessment of the customer/partner needs: these of which are incorporated into the organization’s policies and strategies. Their perceptions are evaluated since these “quality chains” are what ultimately drive a business. The organization must align its culture, processes, inputs, and capabilities with the vision, goals and strategy; and promote and display a mind-set for innovation, and continuous improvement. In this way, the desired business results may be achieved. This is all driven by leadership; and a quality and performance culture; and provides an opportunity to view the organization holistically. The developed model for Centocor R&D SCH is a framework for measuring their business excellence towards achieving performance excellence, and from there a well-paved route for developing the centre of excellence. It is developed on the basis of the European Foundation for Quality Management Model as well as that of the global J&J Process Excellence Competitive Assessment Model; and is supported by the criteria that support those. Strengths are identified, and areas of improvement are viewed as opportunities where the teams can improve on to ensure leadership and excellence in those arenas.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Om in vandag se “nuwe” ekonomie mededinge te kan wees, moet Centocor R&D SCH ‘n mededingende voordeel in die globale farmakologiese/biotegnologie industrieë bereik en handhaaf. Met die dryfveer om ‘n sentrum van uitnemendheid in die velde van lyofilisasie and partikel karakterisasie te word, is dit belangrik dat ‘n ontleding oor die status quo gedoen word, en dat doeltreffende stelsels en strukture geïmplementeer word om wereldklas prestasies te behaal. In hierdie projek word die benadering om tot sake-uitnemendheid te vorder, bespreek. Sake-uitnemendheid is meer as net ‘n eenvoudige akkumulaise van ‘n reeks beste praktyke. Dit kan slegs bereik word deur die implementering van ‘n gestruktureerde benadering tot sake resultate. Hierdie proses begin met ‘n interne self-ondersoek, asook ‘n beoordeling van die behoeftes van kliënte en vennote: dit wat in die organisasie se se beleide en strategieë geïnkorporeer is. Hulle persepsies word ge-evalueer want dit is juis hierdie waardekettings wat uiteindelik die sake-onderneming voortstu. Die organisasie moet sy kultuur, prosesse, insette en vermoeëns met die visie, doelwitte en strategie belyn; en ‘n ingesteldheid op innovasie en deurlopende verbetering toon en uitbou. Op so ‘n manier kan die gewensde sake resultate behaal word. Dit word alles beheers deur leierskap en ‘n kultuur van kwaliteit en prestasie, en skep die geleentheid om die organisasie holistoes te benader. Die model wat vir Centocor R&D SCH ontwikkel is, is ‘n raamwerk waarmee hulle hul sake-uitnemendheid kan meet, met die oog om uitmuntende prestasie te lewer, en om van daar af tot ‘n sentrum van uitnemendheid te ontwikkel. Die model is gebasser op die European Foundation for Quality Management Model asook die globale J&J Process Excellence Competitive Assessment Model, en word gedar deur die criteria van daardie modelle. Sterkpunte word geïdentifiseer, en areas vir ontwikkeling word gesien as geleenthede vir die spanne om te verbeter en na leierskap en uitnemendheid in daardie gebied te streef.
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Purutcuoglu, Vilda. „Unit Root Problems In Time Series Analysis“. Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12604701/index.pdf.
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In time series models, autoregressive processes are one of the most popular stochastic processes, which are stationary under certain conditions. In this study we consider nonstationary autoregressive models of order one, which have iid random errors. One of the important nonstationary time series models is the unit root process in AR (1), which simply implies that a shock to the system has permanent effect through time. Therefore, testing unit root is a very important problem.
However, under nonstationarity, any estimator of the autoregressive coefficient does not have a known exact distribution and the usual t &ndashstatistic is not accurate even if the sample size is very large. Hence,Wiener process is invoked to obtain the asymptotic distribution of the LSE under normality. The first four moments of under normality have been worked out for large n. In 1998, Tiku and Wong proposed the new test statistics and whose type I error and power values are calculated by using three &ndash
moment chi &ndash
square or four &ndash
moment F approximations. The test statistics are based on the modified maximum likelihood estimators and the least square estimators, respectively. They evaluated the type I errors and the power of these tests for a family of symmetric distributions (scaled Student&rsquo
s t). In this thesis, we have extended this work to skewed distributions, namely, gamma and generalized logistic.
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Rottner, Cécile. „Aspects combinatoires du Unit Commitment Problem“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS272.
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Le Min-up/min-down Unit Commitment Problem (MUCP) consiste à trouver un plan de production de coût minimum pour un ensemble d’unités de production électrique sur un intervalle de temps discrétisé. A chaque pas de temps, la production totale doit satisfaire la demande prévue. Chaque unité respecte des temps minimum de marche et d’arrêt. Nous montrons que le MUCP est fortement NP-difficile, mettant ainsi en valeur l’impact du couplage dynamique des contraintes de demande sur la difficulté du problème. Pour appréhender cette difficulté, nous introduisons les inégalités interval up-set, généralisant les contraintes de min-up et les extended cover du sac à dos. Les facettes sont caractérisées, et un Branch & Cut est implémenté. Afin de briser les symétries du problème, nous définissons les sous-symétries comme des symétries apparaissant dans des sous-ensembles de solution. Nous considérons des PLNE dont les groupes de sous-symétrie sont des groupes symétriques agissant sur certaines sous-colonnes des matrices solutions. Nous proposons un cadre générique pour gérer les sous-symétries apparaissant dans ce type de problèmes. Deux techniques pour briser les sous-symétries sont proposées : la première est un algorithme de fixing orbitopal pour le full sub-orbitope, la seconde est basée sur des inégalités. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que les techniques proposées sont plus performantes que les techniques de la littérature. Enfin, nous comparons différentes structures de décomposition pour le MUCP. Des bornes de bonne qualité sont obtenues par dualisation des contraintes dynamiques. Notre Branch&Price&Cut montre que les interval up-set sont utiles dans ce contexteThe Min-up/min-down Unit Commitment Problem (MUCP), is to find a minimum-cost production plan on a discrete time horizon for a set of units producing electric power. At each time period, the total production has to meet a forecast demand. Each unit must satisfy minimum up and down time constraints. We show that the MUCP is strongly NP-hard, thus highlighting that the dynamic coupling of demands by minimum up and down time constraints represents one major source of difficulty. To cope with this difficulty, we introduce interval up-set inequalities, a new class of valid inequalities for the MUCP polytope, generalizing both min-up and extended cover inequalities from the 0-1 knapsack polytope. Facet defining cases are characterized and a Branch & Cut algorithm is devised. To deal with the symmetries impairing the solution process, we define sub-symmetries, as symmetries arising from a solution subset. We focus on integer linear programs whose (sub-)symmetry groups are symmetric groups acting on sub-columns of solution matrices. We propose a general framework to handle sub-symmetries in such problems. On this basis, two symmetry-breaking techniques are introduced. The first technique is an orbitopal fixing algorithm for the full (sub-)orbitope. The second technique is based on sub-symmetry breaking inequalities. Experimental results on MUCP instances show that the proposed techniques outperform state-of-the-art techniques. Finally we compare various Dantzig-Wolfe structures for the MUCP. We show that good quality lower bounds can be obtained by dualization of time-coupling constraints. Branch & Price results show that interval up-set inequalities are useful in this context
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Van, Eeden Ilze Emelia. „Development of a nursing record tool for critically ill or injured patients in an accident and emergency (A & E) unit“. Diss., Pretoria: [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11252009-233615/.
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Venn, Richard Mark. „Studies of the alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist, dexmedetomidine, in the intensive care unit“. Thesis, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272167.
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Smith, Russell J. „Alternating taut-slack dynamics of a vertically tethered subsea unit“. Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248870.
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Richard, Patrick. „Sieve bootstrap unit root tests“. Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103285.
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We consider the use of a sieve bootstrap based on moving average (MA) and autoregressive moving average (ARMA) approximations to test the unit root hypothesis when the true Data Generating Process (DGP) is a general linear process. We provide invariance principles for these bootstrap DGPs and we prove that the resulting ADF tests are asymptotically valid. Our simulations indicate that these tests sometimes outperform those based on the usual autoregressive (AR) sieve bootstrap. We study the reasons for the failure of the AR sieve bootstrap tests and propose some solutions, including a modified version of the fast double bootstrap.We also argue that using biased estimators to build bootstrap DGPs may result in less accurate inference. Some simulations confirm this in the case of ADF tests. We show that one can use the GLS transformation matrix to obtain equations that can be used to estimate bias in general ARMA(p,q) models. We compare the resulting bias reduced estimator to a widely used bootstrap based bias corrected estimator. Our simulations indicate that the former has better finite sample properties then the latter in the case of MA models. Finally, our simulations show that using bias corrected or bias reduced estimators to build bootstrap DGP sometimes provides accuracy gains.
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Chamberlain, S. „Motor unit organisation in normal and reinnervated muscle of the rat“. Thesis, University of Bristol, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBücher zum Thema "AOP unit"
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Horvath, Ari L. Conversion Tables of Units in Science & Engineering. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08559-0.
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2
M, Gianone Christine, Hrsg. Using C-Kermit: Communication software for UNIX, VMS, OS/2, AOS/VS, OS-9, Amiga, Atari ST. Burlington, MA: Digital Press, 1993.
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Fedorov, Denis, und Aleksandr Maznev. Complexes of technical diagnostics of mechanical equipment of electric rolling stock. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1016342.
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The textbook consists of two parts. The first part considers the principles of construction and operation of diagnostic systems to determine the status of parts and assemblies mechanical parts of the electric rolling stock; marked the directions of development of diagnostics systems. The second part is devoted to the physical foundations of the method of acoustic-emission diagnostics of bearing units and diagnostic device — the analyzer of the bearing life of ARP-11 and the application program.
Designed for students majoring in 23.05.03 "Rolling stock of Railways".
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Zuev, Sergey, Ruslan Maleev und Aleksandr Chernov. Energy efficiency of electrical equipment systems of autonomous objects. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1740252.
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When considering the main trends in the development of modern autonomous objects (aircraft, combat vehicles, motor vehicles, floating vehicles, agricultural machines, etc.) in recent decades, two key areas can be identified. The first direction is associated with the improvement of traditional designs of autonomous objects (AO) with an internal combustion engine (ICE) or a gas turbine engine (GTD). The second direction is connected with the creation of new types of joint-stock companies, namely electric joint-stock companies( EAO), joint-stock companies with combined power plants (AOKEU).
The energy efficiency is largely determined by the power of the generator set and the battery, which is given to the electrical network in various driving modes.
Most of the existing methods for calculating power supply systems use the average values of disturbing factors (generator speed, current of electric energy consumers, voltage in the on-board network) when choosing the characteristics of the generator set and the battery. At the same time, it is obvious that when operating a motor vehicle, these parameters change depending on the driving mode. Modern methods of selecting the main parameters and characteristics of the power supply system do not provide for modeling its interaction with the power unit start-up system of a motor vehicle in operation due to the lack of a systematic approach.
The choice of a generator set and a battery, as well as the concept of the synthesis of the power supply system is a problem studied in the monograph.
For all those interested in electrical engineering and electronics.
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Ocr Level 1 Itq Unit 1 File Management Amp. CiA Training Ltd, 2010.
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Bloomfield. Acp - Intro Algebra for Univ of Wi/Stout. Thomson Brooks/Cole, 1996.
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Li, Jingtian, Adam Watkins, Kassandra Arevalo und Matthew Tovar. Creating Games with Unity, Substance Painter, & Maya. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003050490.
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Wise, Matt, und Paul Frost. Role of the intensive care unit. Herausgegeben von Patrick Davey und David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0148.
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The intensive care unit (ICU) can be defined as an area reserved for patients with potential or established organ failure and has the facilities for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of multi-organ failure. Usually, the ICU is located in close proximity to A & E, the radiology department, and the operating theatres, as it is between these areas that patient flows are greatest. In large urban hospitals, there may be more than one ICU, some of which serve specific patient populations, such as paediatrics, neurosurgery, cardiothoracic surgery, liver failure, and burns. Many hospitals also have high-dependency units (HDUs) that offer higher nurse-to-patient ratios and more advanced monitoring than a general wards does, as well as limited organ support. In the UK, the distinctions between ICU, HDU, and general ward have been abandoned in favour of a classification based on the patient’s needs rather than their location.
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Schwingungsanalyse & Identifikation 2016. VDI Verlag, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181022597.
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Elektrische Fahrzeugantriebe auf Basis von FEM-Simulationen Bei der Entwicklung von elektrischen Maschinen spielt das Thema akustisches Verhalten eine immer wichtigere Rolle. Neben der Erhöhung von Leistungsdichten und Performance gilt es, die strukturdynamischen Anregungskräfte zu reduzieren. Mit Hilfe der FinitenElementen-Methode (FEM) und des Einsatzes computergestützter numerischer Simulationen können unterschiedliche Maschinenmodelle und potentielle Verbesserungen frühzeitig und zeitnah berechnet sowie bewertet werden. Das hier vorgestellte Verfahren zielt darauf ab, die strukturdynamischen Eigenschaften einer permanenterregten Synchronmaschine (PSM) durch Reduzierung der magnetischen Anregungskräfte zu verbessern, ohne dabei die Maschinenleistung und Performance zu beeinträchtigen. Geeignete Optimierungsparameter werden zu Beginn mittels einer modellbasierten Sensitivitätsanalyse identifiziert und dem iterativen Optimierungsprozess übergeben. Die Modellierung der zu unt...
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Saad @ Ismail, Samihah, Kamil Md. Idris, Chek Derashid und Hijattullah Abdul Jabbar. Pencukaian lanjutan & terkhusus di Malaysia. UUM Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/983955977x.
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Buku ini merupakan rujukan berbahasa Melayu yang mengambil kira perubahan bagi peringkat pencukaian lanjutan dan terkhusus. Sebanyak 17 bab buku ini merangkumi topik-topik yang peringkat pencukaian lanjutan dan terkhusus yang ditawarkan oleh IPT, seperti Pelepasan Cukai Berganda, Pelepasan Bukan Permastautin, Pencukaian Syarikat, Elaun Perlombongan, Pertanian dan Perhutanan, Penyiasatan Cukai,Pencukaian Syarikat Pajakan, Pembinaan, Pemegang Pelaburan, Modal Teroka,Insurans, Perkapalan dan Pengangkutan Udara, Unit Amanah, dan Badan Amanah.Buku ini memberikan gambaran menyeluruh tentang topik-topik yang diperuntukkan di bawah Akta Cukai Pendapatan 1967, juga meliputi topik-topik yang dipertuntukan di bawah Akta Cukai Keuntungan Harta Tanah 1967 dan Akta Galakan Pelaburan 1986 seperti Cukai Keuntungan Harta Tanah dan Insentif Pelaburan. Melalui penggunaan gaya bahasa yang mudah dan contoh yang praktikal, buku ini diolah bagi memudahkan para pelajar, tenaga pengajar, akauntan, dan agen cukai untuk memahami kandungannya dengan lebih jelas. Contoh-contoh soalan dan jawapan yang disediakan dalam setiap bab dapat mengukuhkan lagi pemahaman pembaca tentang konsep yang dihuraikan, serta aplikasinya dalam dunia sebenar. Semua contoh disediakan adalah mengikut asas tahun semasa yang relevan.
Buchteile zum Thema "AOP unit"
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Bilitewski, Bernd. „Mechanical Treatment: Unit Processes“. In Solid Waste Technology & Management, 319–48. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470666883.ch24.
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Decker, Bart. „Unix security & Kerberos“. In Computer Security and Industrial Cryptography, 257–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57341-0_68.
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Xu, Yuan. „Best Polynomial Approximation on the Unit Sphere and the Unit Ball“. In Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 357–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06404-8_22.
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„Appendix: Unit Prefix“. In Physics and Technology of Crystalline Oxide Semiconductor CAAC-IGZO, 311. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119247289.app.
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„APPENDIX: UNIT CONVERSION FACTORS“. In Introduction to Petroleum Engineering, 313–16. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119193463.app.
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„Acronyms and Unit and Conversion Factors“. In Design of Close-Fit Liners for the Rehabilitation of Gravity Pipes, 155–56. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784415801.app.
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„Appendix A Common Energy/Power Unit Definitions and Conversions“. In Materials in Energy Conversion, Harvesting, and Storage, 418–19. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118892374.app.
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„Appendix: Symbols, Dimensions, and Units“. In Magnetic Actuators and Sensors, 299–300. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471777714.app.
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„UNIT TRUSTS“. In Equity & Trusts, 802–19. Routledge-Cavendish, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145172-40.
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Gould, Wilbur A. „SALT, SALTING & BRINING / SUGAR & SYRUPING / ENROBING / BATTER & BREADING / SEASONING“. In Unit Operations for the Food Industries, 97–105. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845696177.97.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "AOP unit"
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Artho, Cyrille, Zhongwei Chen und Shinichi Honiden. „AOP-based automated unit test classification of large benchmarks“. In 31st Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference - Vol. 2 - (COMPSAC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compsac.2007.75.
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Cruchley, Ian, Rick Dam, Ralf Gold und Brian Ferguson. „Bruce Power Aging Obsolescence Program“. In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30249.
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The Aging and Obsolescence Program (AOP) developed by AECL in cooperation with Bruce Power ensures that Bruce Power is able to proactively manage plant critical component vulnerabilities before failure, thereby improving unit forced outage rates and reliability. AOP involves application of INPO AP-913 guidance for aging and obsolescence. The process includes component criticality identification and prioritization, single point vulnerability identification, and development of the technical basis to support maintenance. This includes replace or repair strategies, identification of critical spare parts and stocking parameters, through to the identification and resolution of obsolescence issues. The program is applicable to all components in a plant, but is being applied initially to critical components. This includes all Bruce B criticality category 1 components and those components that have caused plant trips or outages The program was also expanded to include review of buried piping for both Bruce A and B, additional plant systems based upon health status, and heat exchangers. Critical Spare Parts and Obsolescence Assessments identify and manage critical spare parts and obsolescence for Bruce Power SSCs (structures, systems, and components) and optimize spare parts inventory, which is intended to meet both planned and un-planned demand. In order to facilitate implementation of the AOP, the project includes integration of the program into Bruce Power processes and procedures. The cooperation between Bruce Power and AECL on AOP began as a small pilot project in 2007 where the program and procedures were developed by analysis of a few select components. The paper describes the Bruce Power Aging Obsolescence Program, the novelties and improvements of this integrated methodology and progress made to date.
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Shaw, Tressia, Wendy Bernatavicius, Kevin Berger und Cady Berkel. „Is Inpatient Hospice Unit Utilization Affected By The Availability Of A Pediatric Specific Unit?“ In AAP National Conference & Exhibition Meeting Abstracts. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.147.3_meetingabstract.538.
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Schreyer, Donald, Arnold Manaker und Scot Pritchard. „Implementation of SCR Systems for Three Boilers at the TVA Paradise Fossil Site“. In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26084.
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In 1998, TVA undertook the implementation of Selective Catalytic Reduction systems at the Paradise Generating Station. The station has three fossil-fired cyclone boilers totaling 2515 Mw of power generation which have been online since the early 1960s for Paradise Units 1 and 2, and since 1970 for Unit 3. Design efforts started late 1998 with Paradise Unit 2, a 704 Mw cyclone-fired unit that went into operation for the May 2000 ozone season. This was followed by Paradise Unit 1, an identical 704 Mw unit that went into operation for the May 2001 ozone season. Paradise Unit 3, an 1107 Mw unit, is currently in manufacture and erection for placement into service for the 2003 ozone season. The Paradise Units 1 & 2 SCR modules are among the largest single modules in service for treating the entire flue gas path. The system design considered the operation of the boiler without overfire air NOx control, where the emission of NOx would be 688.5 g/GJ (1.6 lb/MMBtu) and with overfire air NOx emission of 370 g/GJ (0.86 lb/MMBtu). Paradise Units 1 & 2 are fitted with scrubbers and burn a high sulfur fuel. Paradise 3, not currently fitted with a scrubber, fires a blend of PRB and Utah bituminous coal. The SCR is configured with two modules. The SCR project guarantees are 90% NOx reduction, 2-ppm ammonia slip and a catalyst life of 20,000 hours. Each of the cyclone units retained their tubular air heaters. Each unit required the erection of either temporary or new ductwork from the air heater to the downstream equipment to allow the demolition of equipment that had been part of the gas path but is no longer in service. The old equipment had to be removed to permit the building of the SCRs. Each SCR unit is equipped with a full flow bypass and man-safe dampers. These man-safe dampers permitted the construction and maintenance of the SCR while the boiler was in operation. Paradise Unit 2’s SCR was fitted with steam soot blowers. Sonic horns were tested on a section of Unit 2 and based on the results, Paradise Unit 1 was fitted only with sonic horns for catalyst cleaning. The anhydrous ammonia unloading and storage facility is more than a mile from the ammonia vaporizers that are located at grade adjacent to their respective SCR unit. The monthly ammonia consumption under full power conditions for Paradise Units 1 & 2 and 90% NOx reduction is 1,703.3 m3 (450,000 gallons) per month with the overfire air system in service. This paper addresses the issues and decisions related to integration of the SCR systems and the experiences of manufacturing and erecting each of the SCR units.
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Mtungwa, L. A., P. Dongbaare und S. P. Daniel Chowdhury. „Seventy amp mixed current control unit“. In 2017 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powerafrica.2017.7991280.
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Terrell, Mary J., Wesley Jackson, Matthew Laughon, Dennis Leung, Rachel G. Greenberg, Kanecia Zimmerman und Reese Clark. „Gabapentin Use in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit“. In AAP National Conference & Exhibition Meeting Abstracts. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.147.3_meetingabstract.702.
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Strelow, Inga Friederike, Swosti Joshi, Rhonda Gibson, John Cannon und Swetha Madhavarapu. „Assessment And Improvement Of COVID-19 Unit And Provider Readiness Through Medical Simulation In A Level III Pediatric Intensive Care Unit“. In AAP National Conference & Exhibition Meeting Abstracts. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.147.3_meetingabstract.458.
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Lam, A., J. Tan und R. Ng. „P30 Sustainable implementation of advance care planning in a general medical unit“. In ACP-I Congress Abstracts. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2019-acpicongressabs.115.
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Rinehart, Gary H. „Light weight radioisotope heater unit (LWRHU) production for the Cassini mission“. In AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 387. ASCE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.51951.
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Ivanov, Alexander, Kurtis Thorvald Danyluk und Wesley Willett. „Exploration & Anthropomorphism in Immersive Unit Visualizations“. In CHI '18: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3170427.3188544.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBerichte der Organisationen zum Thema "AOP unit"
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Kinseth, Michelle, und Lisa Nelson. Unit boundary and unit areas of analysis (AOA) processing for National Park Service units: Fall 2019. National Park Service, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/drr-2272016.
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Henderson, Tim, Mincent Santucci, Tim Connors und Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285306.
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A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile for this unit. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be recorded such that other researchers may evaluate it in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN, methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources was established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Chihuahuan Desert Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors und Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Klamath Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, Juli 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286915.
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A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be protected and conserved for researchers to study and evaluate in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources were established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Klamath Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS to inform park managers...
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Henderson, Tim, Vincent Santucci, Tim Connors und Justin Tweet. National Park Service geologic type section inventory: Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285337.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
A fundamental responsibility of the National Park Service (NPS) is to ensure that park resources are preserved, protected, and managed in consideration of the resources themselves and for the benefit and enjoyment by the public. Through the inventory, monitoring, and study of park resources, we gain a greater understanding of the scope, significance, distribution, and management issues associated with these resources and their use. This baseline of natural resource information is available to inform park managers, scientists, stakeholders, and the public about the conditions of these resources and the factors or activities which may threaten or influence their stability. There are several different categories of geologic or stratigraphic units (supergroup, group, formation, member, bed) which represent a hierarchical system of classification. The mapping of stratigraphic units involves the evaluation of lithologies, bedding properties, thickness, geographic distribution, and other factors. If a new mappable geologic unit is identified, it may be described and named through a rigorously defined process that is standardized and codified by the professional geologic community (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature 2005). In most instances when a new geologic unit such as a formation is described and named in the scientific literature, a specific and well-exposed section of the unit is designated as the type section or type locality (see Definitions). The type section is an important reference section for a named geologic unit which presents a relatively complete and representative profile. The type or reference section is important both historically and scientifically, and should be available for other researchers to evaluate in the future. Therefore, this inventory of geologic type sections in NPS areas is an important effort in documenting these locations in order that NPS staff recognize and protect these areas for future studies. The documentation of all geologic type sections throughout the 423 units of the NPS is an ambitious undertaking. The strategy for this project is to select a subset of parks to begin research for the occurrence of geologic type sections within particular parks. The focus adopted for completing the baseline inventories throughout the NPS was centered on the 32 inventory and monitoring networks (I&M) established during the late 1990s. The I&M networks are clusters of parks within a defined geographic area based on the ecoregions of North America (Fenneman 1946; Bailey 1976; Omernik 1987). These networks share similar physical resources (geology, hydrology, climate), biological resources (flora, fauna), and ecological characteristics. Specialists familiar with the resources and ecological parameters of the network, and associated parks, work with park staff to support network level activities (inventory, monitoring, research, data management). Adopting a network-based approach to inventories worked well when the NPS undertook paleontological resource inventories for the 32 I&M networks. The network approach is also being applied to the inventory for the geologic type sections in the NPS. The planning team from the NPS Geologic Resources Division who proposed and designed this inventory selected the Greater Yellowstone Inventory and Monitoring Network (GRYN) as the pilot network for initiating this project. Through the research undertaken to identify the geologic type sections within the parks of the GRYN methodologies for data mining and reporting on these resources was established. Methodologies and reporting adopted for the GRYN have been used in the development of this type section inventory for the Northern Colorado Plateau Inventory & Monitoring Network. The goal of this project is to consolidate information pertaining to geologic type sections which occur within NPS-administered areas, in order that this information is available throughout the NPS...
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Kim, Changmo, Ghazan Khan, Brent Nguyen und Emily L. Hoang. Development of a Statistical Model to Predict Materials’ Unit Prices for Future Maintenance and Rehabilitation in Highway Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Mineta Transportation Institute, Dezember 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1806.
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The main objectives of this study are to investigate the trends in primary pavement materials’ unit price over time and to develop statistical models and guidelines for using predictive unit prices of pavement materials instead of uniform unit prices in life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) for future maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) projects. Various socio-economic data were collected for the past 20 years (1997–2018) in California, including oil price, population, government expenditure in transportation, vehicle registration, and other key variables, in order to identify factors affecting pavement materials’ unit price. Additionally, the unit price records of the popular pavement materials were categorized by project size (small, medium, large, and extra-large). The critical variables were chosen after identifying their correlations, and the future values of each variable were predicted through time-series analysis. Multiple regression models using selected socio-economic variables were developed to predict the future values of pavement materials’ unit price. A case study was used to compare the results between the uniform unit prices in the current LCCA procedures and the unit prices predicted in this study. In LCCA, long-term prediction involves uncertainties due to unexpected economic trends and industrial demand and supply conditions. Economic recessions and a global pandemic are examples of unexpected events which can have a significant influence on variations in material unit prices and project costs. Nevertheless, the data-driven scientific approach as described in this research reduces risk caused by such uncertainties and enables reasonable predictions for the future. The statistical models developed to predict the future unit prices of the pavement materials through this research can be implemented to enhance the current LCCA procedure and predict more realistic unit prices and project costs for the future M&R activities, thus promoting the most cost-effective alternative in LCCA.
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M.G. JADICK. VERIFICATION SURVEY ACTIVITIES IN FS SURVEY UNITS 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 & 14 AT THE SEPARATIONS PROCESS RESEARCH UNIT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Mai 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1003741.
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RITTMANN, P. D. Exposure scenarios and unit dose factors for the Hanford tank waste performance assessment [SEC 1 & 2]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/811840.
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T. M. Fitzmaurice. Closure Report for Housekeeping Category Corrective Action Unit 343: Areas 1, 3, & 4 Housekeeping Sites, Nevada Test Site, Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Februar 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799769.
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Robb, Kevin R., Mitchell Farmer und Matthew W. Francis. Enhanced Ex-Vessel Analysis for Fukushima Daiichi Unit 1: Melt Spreading and Core-Concrete Interaction Analyses with MELTSPREAD & CORQUENCH. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Februar 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1063828.
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Evans, Julie, Kendra Sikes und Jamie Ratchford. Vegetation classification at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Mojave National Preserve, Castle Mountains National Monument, and Death Valley National Park: Final report (Revised with Cost Estimate). National Park Service, Oktober 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279201.
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Vegetation inventory and mapping is a process to document the composition, distribution and abundance of vegetation types across the landscape. The National Park Service’s (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) program has determined vegetation inventory and mapping to be an important resource for parks; it is one of 12 baseline inventories of natural resources to be completed for all 270 national parks within the NPS I&M program. The Mojave Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring (MOJN I&M) began its process of vegetation inventory in 2009 for four park units as follows: Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LAKE), Mojave National Preserve (MOJA), Castle Mountains National Monument (CAMO), and Death Valley National Park (DEVA). Mapping is a multi-step and multi-year process involving skills and interactions of several parties, including NPS, with a field ecology team, a classification team, and a mapping team. This process allows for compiling existing vegetation data, collecting new data to fill in gaps, and analyzing the data to develop a classification that then informs the mapping. The final products of this process include a vegetation classification, ecological descriptions and field keys of the vegetation types, and geospatial vegetation maps based on the classification. In this report, we present the narrative and results of the sampling and classification effort. In three other associated reports (Evens et al. 2020a, 2020b, 2020c) are the ecological descriptions and field keys. The resulting products of the vegetation mapping efforts are, or will be, presented in separate reports: mapping at LAKE was completed in 2016, mapping at MOJA and CAMO will be completed in 2020, and mapping at DEVA will occur in 2021. The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) and NatureServe, the classification team, have completed the vegetation classification for these four park units, with field keys and descriptions of the vegetation types developed at the alliance level per the U.S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). We have compiled approximately 9,000 existing and new vegetation data records into digital databases in Microsoft Access. The resulting classification and descriptions include approximately 105 alliances and landform types, and over 240 associations. CNPS also has assisted the mapping teams during map reconnaissance visits, follow-up on interpreting vegetation patterns, and general support for the geospatial vegetation maps being produced. A variety of alliances and associations occur in the four park units. Per park, the classification represents approximately 50 alliances at LAKE, 65 at MOJA and CAMO, and 85 at DEVA. Several riparian alliances or associations that are somewhat rare (ranked globally as G3) include shrublands of Pluchea sericea, meadow associations with Distichlis spicata and Juncus cooperi, and woodland associations of Salix laevigata and Prosopis pubescens along playas, streams, and springs. Other rare to somewhat rare types (G2 to G3) include shrubland stands with Eriogonum heermannii, Buddleja utahensis, Mortonia utahensis, and Salvia funerea on rocky calcareous slopes that occur sporadically in LAKE to MOJA and DEVA. Types that are globally rare (G1) include the associations of Swallenia alexandrae on sand dunes and Hecastocleis shockleyi on rocky calcareous slopes in DEVA. Two USNVC vegetation groups hold the highest number of alliances: 1) Warm Semi-Desert Shrub & Herb Dry Wash & Colluvial Slope Group (G541) has nine alliances, and 2) Mojave Mid-Elevation Mixed Desert Scrub Group (G296) has thirteen alliances. These two groups contribute significantly to the diversity of vegetation along alluvial washes and mid-elevation transition zones.