Thematische Bibliographien / Anhydrous precursors

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Anhydrous precursors“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 1. Juni 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Anhydrous precursors"

Feng, Guo, Wei Hui Jiang, Jian Min Liu, Quan Zhang, Zi Hu, Li Feng Miao und Qian Wu. „Low-Temperature Synthesis of Magnesium-Stabilized Aluminum Titanate Powder via Non-Hydrolytic Sol-Gel Method“. Materials Science Forum 848 (März 2016): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.848.319.

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Magnesium-stabilized aluminum titanate powder was prepared via non-hydrolytic sol-gel method using titanium tetrachloride and anhydrous aluminium chloride as precursors, anhydrous ethanol as the oxygen donor, magnesium powder, magnesium fluoride, magnesium ethoxide and anhydrous magnesium acetate as stabilizers. The effect of magnesium stabilizers on low temperature synthesis of aluminum titanate was investigated, and their role and mechanism in stabilizing aluminum titanate were also studied by XRD, FT-IR and thermal expansion dilatometer. The results show that introducing magnesium powder or magnesium fluoride can’t stabilize aluminum titanate, they also lead to the failure of aluminum titanate low-temperature synthesis at 750 °C due to its promotion of non-hydrolytic homogeneous condensation. Anhydrous magnesium acetate and magnesium ethoxide can react with aluminum alkoxide and titanium alkoxide in the precursor mixture to form heterogeneous condensation bonds, which promotes magnesium ion to dope into aluminum titanate lattice at 750 °C, and hence to improve its thermal stability.

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Nagpal, Keshav, Erwan Rauwel, Elias Estephan, Maria Rosario Soares und Protima Rauwel. „Significance of Hydroxyl Groups on the Optical Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles Combined with CNT and PEDOT:PSS“. Nanomaterials 12, Nr. 19 (10.10.2022): 3546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193546.

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We report on the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and their hybrids consisting of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). A non-aqueous sol–gel route along with hydrated and anhydrous acetate precursors were selected for their syntheses. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed their spherical shape with an average size of 5 nm. TEM also confirmed the successful synthesis of ZnO-CNT and ZnO-PEDOT:PSS hybrid nanocomposites. In fact, the choice of precursors has a direct influence on the chemical and optical properties of the ZnO-based nanomaterials. The ZnO nanoparticles prepared with anhydrous acetate precursor contained a high amount of oxygen vacancies, which tend to degrade the polymer macromolecule, as confirmed from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, a relative increase in hydroxyl functional groups in the ZnO-CNT samples was observed. These functional groups were instrumental in the successful decoration of CNT and in producing the defect-related photoluminescence emission in ZnO-CNT.

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Bommers, Sebastian, und Hubert Schmidbaur. „Poly(trifluoromethanesulfonatosilyl)methanes - Precursors to Polysilylmethanes“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 49, Nr. 3 (01.03.1994): 337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1994-0308.

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AbstractA new and efficient synthetic route to di- and tri(silyl)methane is presented. Starting from bis- and tris(phenylsilyl)methane, bis- and tris(trifluoromethanesulfonatosilyl)methane can be obtained by Si-Ph cleavage with equivalent quantities of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (triflic acid). Their reduction with lithium aluminium hydride yields di- and tri(silyl)methane. Substitution of the previously employed liquid anhydrous hydrogen bromide by triflic acid thus offers an experimentally more simple alternative with shorter reaction times and high selectivity.

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Purdy, Andrew P., und Clifford F. George. „Anhydrous Dithiocarbamates. Potential Precursors to Alkaline Earth Sulfide Materials“. Main Group Chemistry 1, Nr. 2 (März 1996): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13583149612331338465.

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Heckman, J. W., M. J. Kielszewski, D. T. A. Lamport, E. P. Muldoon, B. T. Terhune und J. J. Willard. „Interspecific comparison of elutable cell wall extensin precursors by transmission electron microscopy“. Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 284–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100143043.

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In addition to cellulose microfibrils, the primary cell wall of many higher plants contains extensin, a class of hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP). Despite its predominately hydrophilic amino acid composition, most cell wall HRGP remains insoluble even after complete deglycosylation with anhydrous HF, suggesting a covalently linked macromolecular network. This led to the development of the "warp-weft" cell wall model, based on an extensin network ("weft") penetrated by cellulose microfibrils (the "warp")(FIG. 1). Extensin precursors elute rapidly from intact cells and cell wall preparations of tomato, carrot, and cucumber, with mild salt solutions. Tomato precursors, at least, are block copolymers of a few repeating sequences. Gel filtration data and immuno-crossreactivity suggest that tomato P2 and cucumber callus precursor are similar. TEM confirms the rod-like structure and the lengths of these molecules.

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Bénard, Patricia, Jean Paul Auffrédic und Daniel Louër. „High-temperature X-ray powder diffractometry of the decomposition of zirconium hydroxide nitrates“. Powder Diffraction 8, Nr. 1 (März 1993): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600017723.

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The decomposition reactions of two zirconium hydroxide nitrates Zr(OH)2(NO3)2·(4+x)H2O and α-Zr(OH)2 (NO3)2·(1+x)H2O (0≤x≤1) have been studied by thermogravimetric analysis and high-temperature X-ray powder diffractometry (HTXRD), in nitrogen gas environment. The decomposition reaction sequences were clearly displayed by the HTXRD technique. They are different for the two precursors, except the formation of amorphous zirconia at low temperature (200 °C) and crystalline zirconia at about 390 °C. Three modifications of Zr(OH)2(NO3)2·H2O (α,β,γ) were identified. Their X-ray powder diffraction patterns were indexed by the successive dichotomy method. The unit cells are triclinic and present some parametric and volumetric similarities from each other and also with that of their precursor. Moreover, the thermal decomposition sequences of Zr(OH)2(NO3)2·(4+x)H2O and α-Zr(OH)2(NO3)2·(1+x)H2O include the formation of anhydrous oxide nitrate ZrO(NO3)2 and anhydrous hydroxide nitrate Zr(OH)2(NO3)2, respectively.

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Jiang, Wei Hui, Yan Hui Yang, Qing Xia Zhu und Jian Min Liu. „Iron-Zircon Pigments Prepared by Non-Hydrolytic Sol-Gel Method at Low Temperature“. Advanced Materials Research 412 (November 2011): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.412.223.

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ron-zircon pigment has been synthesized by non-hydrolytic sol-gel method using zirconium chloride and tetraethoxysilane as precursors, anhydrous ferric chloride as colorant, lithium fluoride as mineralizer and anhydrous ethanol as solvent. Iron-zircon pigment has been characterized by means of DTA-TG, XRD, Colorimeter and TEM. The results show that only a small fraction of iron is incorporated in the zircon crystal structure while the remaining iron cations are trapped within the zircon matrix. The iron-zircon with the red value (a*) of 20.64 can be synthesized at 700°C with the optimum Fe/Zr molar ratio of 0.2.

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Gilbert, Pupa U. P. A., Susannah M. Porter, Chang-Yu Sun, Shuhai Xiao, Brandt M. Gibson, Noa Shenkar und Andrew H. Knoll. „Biomineralization by particle attachment in early animals“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, Nr. 36 (19.08.2019): 17659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902273116.

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Crystallization by particle attachment (CPA) of amorphous precursors has been demonstrated in modern biomineralized skeletons across a broad phylogenetic range of animals. Precisely the same precursors, hydrated (ACC-H2O) and anhydrous calcium carbonate (ACC), have been observed spectromicroscopically in echinoderms, mollusks, and cnidarians, phyla drawn from the 3 major clades of eumetazoans. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) here also shows evidence of CPA in tunicate chordates. This is surprising, as species in these clades have no common ancestor that formed a mineralized skeleton and appear to have evolved carbonate biomineralization independently millions of years after their late Neoproterozoic divergence. Here we correlate the occurrence of CPA from ACC precursor particles with nanoparticulate fabric and then use the latter to investigate the antiquity of the former. SEM images of early biominerals from Ediacaran and Cambrian shelly fossils show that these early calcifiers used attachment of ACC particles to form their biominerals. The convergent evolution of biomineral CPA may have been dictated by the same thermodynamics and kinetics as we observe today.

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Yosi, Kusuma Eriwati, Arsista Dede, Triaminingsih Siti und Sunarso. „Effect of CaSO₄Dissolution-Precipitation Time on Formation of Porous Carbonate Apatite as Bone Replacement Material“. Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 44 (Februar 2020): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.44.83.

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Introduction: Carbonate apatite type B (C-Ap) has been used as a bone replacement material because of its osteoconductive properties. Clinically, the pores formed in bone replacement material aid in cell mobility and nutrient supply, thereby increasing the bone regeneration ability. CO32- ions found in this material are useful for maintaining a stable physiological environment in the bone in order for it to be easily absorbed by osteoclasts. Porous C-Ap type B is formed using the dissolution–precipitation method by immersing porous anhydrous CaSO4 in a mixture of carbonate and phosphate solutions. Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of immersion ofCaSO4using the dissolution–precipitation method on the formation of porous C-Ap type B with calcium sulfate precursor hemihydrate. Method: Porous C-Ap type B was produced usinga mixture of calcium sulfate hemihydrate precursors with 50 wt% polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) porogen and distilled water. After hardening, the calcium sulfate dihydrate containing PMMA was burned in an oven at 700°C for 4 h to remove the PMMA. The specimen was immersed in a mixture of sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) for 6, 12, and 24 h. Phase testing through X-ray diffraction (XRD) using CuKα radiation at 40 kV and 40 mA was performed. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) was used for detecting the functional groups of CO32- and PO42-. Results: XRD results showed the formation of C-Ap at 6 and 12 h, but the anhydrous CaSO4 phase remained; alternatively, this phase was absent after 24 h of immersion phase andFTIR showed the presence of the functional groups of CO32- compounds. Conclusion: Porous C-Ap type B can be formed from CaSO4 precursors after 24 h of immersion using the dissolution–precipitation method.

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Nie, Xiaobo, und Yanming Chen. „Observation of Dominant Nuclei and Magic-Sized CdS Nanoparticles in a Single-Phase System“. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, Nr. 12 (01.12.2021): 5987–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19504.

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Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) were synthesized by using cadmium acetate and thiourea as precursors and sodium oleate as the surfactant under different cadmium acetate concentrations in anhydrous ethanol. Cadmium (Cd) precursor concentration greatly affected the nucleation-growth of CdS NPs. In extremely dilute solution with a Cd precursor concentration of 0.1 mmol · L−1, an overlapped nucleation and growth corresponding to two pronounced absorption peaks at 310 nm and 350 nm, respectively, was observed. Unparalleled nucleation was dominant within very long reaction time until 10 hours. The nuclei and the resulting magic-sized CdS NPs may be used as seeds to prepare size and shape controllable nanoparticles. On the contrary, at a high Cd precursor concentration (5 mmol · L−1), nucleation and growth were separated. Only one first exciton absorption peak standing for the growth of regular CdS NPs appeared at 440 nm. Many techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectrometers were applied to characterize the morphology, crystalline structure, and optical properties of CdS NPs.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Anhydrous precursors"

Purohit, Bhagyesh. „Precursors-guided synthesis of upconverting nanomaterials for near-infrared driven photocatalysis“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6sn08q4.

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L'utilisation de l'énergie solaire pour résoudre des problèmes environnementaux tels que la détoxification de l'eau, la purification de l'air et la production d'hydrogène a suscité un grand intérêt de la part de la communauté scientifique au cours des deux dernières décennies. La photocatalyse solaire est une piste intéressante pour cibler toutes ces questions environnementales. Actuellement, les technologies ne permettent pas encore d'utiliser efficacement une partie importante du spectre solaire, à savoir l'infrarouge, qui correspond à près de ~48 % du spectre solaire total. Cette thèse vise à préparer des matériaux nanocomposites qui utilisent ces photons solaires à faible énergie en les convertissant en photons UV et visibles à haute énergie et en les utilisant ensuite pour la photocatalyse classique. Pour y parvenir, l'accent a été mis sur deux aspects majeurs de la préparation de ce photocatalyseur modifié. Premièrement, la synthèse de matériaux qui pourraient convertir efficacement les photons actuellement inutilisés et deuxièmement, la préparation de leur composite avec TiO2, le photocatalyseur le plus largement utilisé. Cette thèse de doctorat se concentre sur une approche basée sur l’ « upconversion » afin d’étendre la gamme d'utilisation du spectre solaire. Pour atteindre cet objectif, deux stratégies d’optimisation ont été abordée. L’'optimisation du rendement quantique des nanoparticules à upconversion en utilisant de nouveaux précurseurs anhydres et, la préparation de photo-catalyseur nanocomposite UCNPs-TiO2 en utilisant des métallogels et/ou des structures coeur-coquille. Pour finir nous testons l’objectif de l'utilisation des photons solaires infrarouges à faible énergie en réalisant une photocatalyse sous irradiation IR uniquement en utilisant la plate-forme développée dans ce travail
The utilization of solar energy to solve environmental problems such as water detoxification, air purification and hydrogen production has attracted great interest from the scientific community over the last two decades. Solar photocatalysis is an interesting avenue to target all these environmental issues. Currently, technologies do not yet allow for the efficient use of a significant portion of the solar spectrum, namely the infrared, which corresponds to nearly ~48% of the total solar spectrum. This thesis aims at preparing nanocomposite materials that use these low energy solar photons by converting them into high energy UV and visible photons and then using them for classical photocatalysis. To achieve this, two major aspects of the preparation of this modified photocatalyst were emphasized. Firstly, the synthesis of materials that could efficiently convert currently unused photons and secondly, the preparation of their composite with TiO2, the most widely used photocatalyst.This doctoral thesis focuses on an approach based on "upconversion" in order to extend the range of use of the solar spectrum. To achieve this goal, two optimization strategies were addressed. The optimization of the quantum efficiency of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) using new anhydrous precursors and, the preparation of UCNPs-TiO2 nanocatalyst using metallogels and/or core-shell structures. Finally, we test the objective of using low energy infrared solar photons by performing photocatalysis under IR irradiation only using the platform developed in this work

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Buchteile zum Thema "Anhydrous precursors"

Khan, Khalid Mohammed, Shahnaz Perveen und Wolfgang Voelter. „Anhydro Sugars: Useful Tools for Chiral Syntheses of Heterocycles“. In Heterocycles from Carbohydrate Precursors, 325–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7081_2007_078.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Anhydrous precursors"

Zhang, Wenqi, Liuying Huang, Aidong Li, Qiyue Shao und Di Wu. „Properties of Hf0.7Zr0.3O2 thin films chemical vapor deposited using a single-source precursor of anhydrous HfxZr1−x(NO34 precursors“. In 2010 International Symposium on Next-Generation Electronics (ISNE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isne.2010.5669199.

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Noma, Satoshi, Koichi Kawahara, Yukari Sadamura, Narimasa Yoshinaga, Hiromasa Inoue und Ikuro Maruyama. „1,5-Anhydro-D-Fructose, A Precursor Of 1,5-Anhydroglucitol, Attenuates Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) Induced Lethal Endotoxemia And Acute Lung Injury By Supressing HMGB1 And TNF-Alpha“. In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a2903.

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