Dissertationen zum Thema „Andes du Nord“
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Gonzalez-Montilla, Leonardo Enrique. „Analyse structurale et évolution tectonique des Andes vénézuéliennes nord orientales“. Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU3022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe northeastern part of The Mérida Andes shows a consecution of complex tectonic events. There, they were recorded successively: (1) the Jurassic rifting with formation of NE - SW grabens in which the red sediments of the La Quinta Formation were deposited; (2) the Caribbean orogeny (the last superior Cretaceous at the early Oligocene) with the remobilization of the Lara napes to their current position. This phase is characterized by the presence of orientation N070ʿ to N150ʿE; (3) the Fm. Morán and the Caribbean's units were removed and displaced toward the ESE at the moment of the compression ESE - WNW that could correspond to the phase N105ʿE of Stéphan (1982), previous to the middle Miocene; (4) the Andean phase, NE - SW to NNW - SSE that begins in the Miocene. This last is responsible for the birth of the NE - SW folds that sometimes comes from the reactivation of Jurassic grabens. Close to the right slip subverticales fault, the efforts turns or they change their orientation in anti timetable to arrive to N100ʿE. The relays of the strike-slip fault or their change in direction believe transpression areas (structures in flower) or in transtension (rhomboedric basins); (5) between the El Empedrado and Boconó faults, the present constraint is oriented NNE - SSW, having for consequence to reverse the game of the subverticales accidents (senestrals, then dextrals). The important difference created along the basins in transtension NE - SW transtension of the La Pastora drags a flexure of the covering and the formation of the San Pedro "drapage" folds. To the north of the Boconó fault and the east of the Valera fault, Trujillo's block is cut in several compartments by subverticales left strike-slip faults. Our field observations inside these compartments and in their limit, as well as the taken slip vectors of the focal mechanisms of earthquakes, they confirm that Trujillo's block escapes laterally toward the north or the northeast. To the east of the El Empedrado fault, this movement lateral is counteracting for the presence of the Caribbean napes more to the north
Béjar, Pizarro Marta. „Comportamiento mecánico de la interfase de subducción durante el ciclo sísmico : estudio mediante la geodesia espacial en el Norte de Chile“. Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GLOB0009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVega, Maria Mayssa. „Architecture tectonique et stratigraphique du bassin d'avant-arc de Tumbes (Nord Pérou) : implications pour l'exploration des hydrocarbures“. Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/875/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleForearc basins are under explored areas by academic or industrials research. They are not considered as potential area by oil industry because only one giant oil field belongs to this type of basin. Such a oil field is located in the northern Peruvian forearc system: The Talara basin. Our research focuses on the Tumbes forearc basin located north of the oil bearing Talara basin. The aim of this work is to provided for oil industry skills about the tectonic style and the stratigraphic architecture of this basin in order to decipher its petroleum potential using a multisource approach of surface and subsurface data (seismic lines, well-logs). On a tectonic view point, we demonstrate that the basin structure is not a pull-apart one but an accretionary prism built by deep-seated north-verging thrusts reworked by shallow gravitational normal faults. A tectonic model is developed corresponding to the northwestward propagation since Eocene times, of thrust-related culminations bounded by south-east facing normal faults. This tectonic model suggests that anticline traps, which have never been explored, should become a new target for future exploration. Sequence stratigraphy allows us deciphering the stratigraphic architecture of the Tumbes basin. In the Oligocene-Miocene succession, 15 base level cycles have been identified onshore and have been correlated using seismic data to the offshore portion of the basin. The Corvina gas field has been the depositional area of thick turbiditic body (channels and fans) which have been deposited during periods of forced and normal regressions. These good reservoirs rocks are interbedded with thin fines which have been deposited during transgressive periods. Such a stratigraphic architecture suggests a alternation of good to fair reservoir topped by transgressive seals, which may increase significantly the hydrocarbon resources of the Tumbes forearc basin
Beaud, Philippe. „Réussite scolaire et intégration culturelle des Indiens quechuaphones des Andes du Pérou“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100151/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis explores a field that is not yet very well known within the sciences of education. It explains their success in educational studies for natives of vernacular cultures and the impact of family education in obtaining higher education. The native Quechuan speaking Amerindians of this research are higher education graduated men and women from rural communities in the Northern Peruvian Andes area.The hypothesis of this research is that success in educational studies among rural families has been encouraged through strategies, attitudes, and specific educational ethno theories. The latter comes from guiding, prominent educators in the developmental niche of a child. Educational practices and dynamics within families have been analyzed from personal life experiences, interviews, and questionnaires in the theoretical framework of the ecocultural niche of development. This analysis has revealed the presence of prominent educators whose educational attitudes are memorised by the individuals through guiding images. Those images act implicitly on the behaviour of the individuals. They emphasize the schooling process along with the acculturation process which is inseparable from success in educational studies within an intercultural situation. Based on the concept that the school system is “universal”, imported from the West, this study inspires European research about educational success among low class and immigration families. The use of occidental references has also brought an intercultural perspective to this research
Rochat, Philippe. „Structures et cinématique de l'Altiplano nord-bolivien au sein des Andes centrales“. Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00518070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePrudhomme, Alice. „Nouveau modèle tectono-climatique des Andes centrales du Nord (5-9°S)“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30129.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUsing a multidisciplinary approach, this thesis proposes a new double-verging orogen model for the Northern Central Andes, which can explain the crustal thickening and the current topography interacting with a complex climate. A new structural and stratigraphic synthesis across the forearc and the Western Cordillera revealed the presence of a major western vergence thrust. For the first time, the construction of a balanced cross-section through the whole Northern Central Andes, combined with thermochronological data, illustrates a double verging orogenic model propagating synchronously since ~30 Ma, with a total shortening of 158 km. Numerical modeling of the tectono-climatic evolution of the Andean orogeny shows the acceleration of the aridification in its western flank at ~ 15 Ma and during the Pliocene, as well as the late uplift and the formation of an equivalent of the Altiplano, which would have been incised and emptied recently by the Marañón River
Rochat, Philippe. „Structures et cinématique de l'Altiplano nord-bolivien au sein des Andes centrales /“. Grenoble : Laboratoire de géologie de l'Université I de Grenoble, laboratoire de géodynamique des chaînes alpines, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38910641g.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBarberon, Vanesa. „Evolution tectonique du dépocentre nord du bassin Austral des Andes de Patagonie“. Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD058/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis plan includes the following specific objectives: According to field observations structural geological map will be obtained georeferenced area covering between the lake Buenos Aires and Mayer River in the Southern Andes Patagonian, Santa Cruz province. Provenance analysis were done by petrographic studies in sandstones at five stratigraphic sections representative of the sequences considered belonging to the Lower Cretaceous and Miocene in the northern sector of the Austral basin. Further X-ray diffraction preliminary studies at one profile (called Veranada de Gómez). Also, two lithostratigraphic units were dated and study by detrital zircons provenance. It is expected to determine for the study area, the beginning of the stage foreland, and an estimate is obtained the age of the exhumation of the regions of origin, and thus a semi-quantitative approach at a time the age of onset of uplift, as sediment dispersion models. The comprehensive analysis of these data will give the general pattern of palaeogeographic dispersal and sediments of the northern edge of Southern Basin to mesh with the southern sector pattern, which fed the study area. Moreover fragile deformation will be studied by analyzing faults striaes to characterize the deformation events in the area
Strub, Magalie. „Evolution géomorphologique et tectonique au front des Andes centrales (nord de la Bolivie)“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00660509.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoutand, Isabelle. „Tectonique Cénozoïque du Haut Plateau de la Puna, Nord Ouest Argentin, Andes Centrales“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00620066.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCastrillo-Delgado, José Tomas. „Structuration néogène du flanc nord-ouest des Andes vénézueliennes entre Torondoy et Valera“. Pau, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PAUU3007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoutand, Isabelle. „Tectonique cenozoique du haut plateau de la puna, andes centrales, nord ouest argentin“. Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoutand, Isabelle. „Tectonique cénozoïque du haut plateau de la Puna : Nord-Ouest argentin, Andes centrales /“. Rennes : Géosciences, Université de Rennes I, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37096577m.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCrespo-Pérez, Maria Veronica. „Global changes and distribution modeling of invasive insect pests in the Tropical Andes“. Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMargirier, Audrey. „Tectonique et processus d’exhumation des Cordillères Blanche et Noire en contexte de subduction horizontale (Nord Pérou)“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAU023/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMy thesis focuses on the mechanisms that controlled the uplift and construction of the relief in the northern Peruvian Andes. In this area, the Cordillera Blanca forms the highest peaks in Peru (> 6000 m), which is a topographic anomaly across the Andes. The morphology of the Cordillera Blanca is marked by an elongated pluton, which outcrops over 150 km. In addition, this pluton is bordered by the largest normal fault from South America. The presence of this major normal fault in a flat-slab context remains surprising because flat slabs usually induce an increase of the shortening in the overriding plate. The aim of my work is to characterize the variations of the regional stress field, the age of the uplift and discuss the geodynamic processes that contributed to relief building. To address these issues, I used a multidisciplinary approach involving new field data, their analysis and modeling.My microtectonic dataset reveals regional extension above the Peruvian flat-slab. This data contradicts the expected increase of shortening in the overriding plate. Modeling my new thermochronologic data shows an increase in the exhumation rates induced by the uplift of the Cordillera Occidental since 15 Ma. I propose that the regional uplift relates to the flattening of the subduction and associated dynamic topography.To address the impact of the Miocene arc on the uplift at a more local scale, I compiled the cooling ages of the pluton available in the literature. In parallel, I obtained the first amphibole thermo-barometry data that constrains emplacement depth of the Cordillera Blanca batholith. Following these data, I propose that the batholith is structured in eastward-tilted sills. In addition, modeling of the space and time variations of erosion rates based on the inversion of thermochronologic data indicates that erosion rates significantly increased in the Cordillera Blanca since 2 Ma. The Miocene arc seems to insignificantly contribute to the local uplift despite its contribution to the thickening of the lithosphere. Thus, I suggest that the recent glacial erosion contributes to the exhumation of the Cordillera Blanca and subsequent tilting of the batholith.Then, I modeled the landscape evolution for the Cordillera Blanca region to quantify the contribution of erosion in the relief building and the uplift. My numerical models (FastScape) evidence the importance of erosion and associated flexural rebound in fostering relief building and the uplift rates.Finally, based on all available data, I propose a new regional model to explain the Cordillera Blanca normal fault. This model implies an extrado normal fault and erosion of the footwall
Marquardt, Roman Carlos Jorge. „DÉFORMATIONS NÈOGÈNES LE LONG DE LA CÔTE NORD DU CHILI, AVANT-ARC DES ANDES CENTRALES“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011609.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrieco, Kyra. „Politiser l'altérité reproduire l'inégalité. : genre, ethnicité et oppositions aux activités minières dans les Andes nord-péruviennes“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH101.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis analyses the transformation of social relations connected to the recent development of mining activities in the northern Peruvian Andes, which has given rise to a politicisation of ethnic and gender relations in social movements opposing extractive activities. It approaches this topic through an ethnography of the Cajamarca region, one of the main areas of national mining investment since 1992, and the militant network that has opposed the implementation of the Minas Conga mining project since 2011. The research method employed combines an ethnography of activism with a socio-history of ethnic categorisation, and adopts to this end an intersectional, decolonial feminist approach. Fieldwork research carried out between 2011 and 2013 provided insights into the ways in which regional mining development can reconfigure productive relations, creating new forms of social differentiation as well as new trans-sectorial and multi-scalar alliances. A focus on local militants has revealed the politicisation of ethnic and gender identifications in mobilisations against mining activities, as well as the reproduction of underlying social hierarchies. Activist trajectories and the national stakes of the conflict shed light on a process of political reorganisation and appropriation of the state from below. Finally, the analysis of activist representations circulating in the national public space and international media between 2013 and 2016 reveals the elements of continuity and rupture in the representation of Otherness. What emerges in particular, within the context of expanding extractive activities and social mobilisations, is a reconfiguration of the category of “indigenous” and the national regime of otherness from which it derives
Saillard, Marianne. „Dynamique du soulèvement côtier pléistocène des Andes centrales : étude de l'évolution géomorphologique et datations (10Be) de séquences de terrasses marines (Sud Pérou - Nord Chili)“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/431/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGeomorphic study and dating of marine terrace sequences along the coastal part of the Central Andean forearc evidence longitudinal and temporal variations in the response of the South American plate to the Nazca plate subduction during Pleistocene. The average uplift rates vary between 229 ± 40 (17. 8°S) and 696 ± 53 mm/ka (15. 33°S) along the coast. Rapid uplift periods alternate with slower uplift during the Pleistocene times. The morphologic evolution of the forearc is directly linked to active tectonic processes occurring along the subduction zone. Below a threshold in the continent-trench distance of about 100-110 km, the marine terraces are preserved and record the highest uplift rates of the whole Andean coastal front. The episodic uplift would be a result of the seismogenic zone surface variations during the Pleistocene and the related variation in the continent-trench distance
Pinto, Lincoñir Luisa del Carmen. „Traçage de l'érosion cénézoi͏̈que des Andes centrales à l'aide de la minéralogie et géochimie des sédiments (Nord du Chili et Nord-Ouest de la Bolivie)“. Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa evolución tectónica y orográfica del oroclino boliviano (en los Andes Centrales) constituye uno de los problemas para comprender la evolución de los Andes. El análisis de la composición mineralógica y geoquímica de los sedimentos almacenados en las cuencas de este segmento de la de la cadena andina entre Arica (norte de Chile) y Rurrenabaque (noroeste de Bolivia) permite reconstituir la evolución de la exhumación de los diferentes compartimentos tectónicos y su evolución durante el Cenozoico. Los resultados del análisis de minerales pesados contenidos en los sedimentos cenozoicos, de su geoquímica y de la isotopía de Sr-Nd confirman que el relieve de la Cordillera Occidental y (proto-)Cordillera Oriental se desarrollaron bastante temprano. .
Véricourt, Virginie. „Aux seuils de la foudre cultes, langages religieux et chamanisme dans le nord de potosi (andes boliviennes)“. Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleReligious representations of thunder in every day life and in the symbolic thinking of a rural population in the andes (north potosi, bolivia) are the aim of this research. A collective form of the cult of santiago (saint james) is first given by the study of the pilgrimage to bombori. This saint's mytho-history (linked to the representations of thunder's divinities) and the social organization of the cult (in the communities) enables one to study next the myths and the religious beliefs and practices. The discourse, the symbolical thinking of the officiants (kwnow as the "yatiris") and ritual practice of the "cabildo" (divinatory session) reveal the expressions of the shamanistic representations. Within the different religious contexts, the thunder-cult is always tied to the notion of "threshold" or mediation. In order to formulate the concepts, our analysis first decodes the forms of ritualisation : riualisation of a relation with the saint of thunder within a collective context of cult ; ritualisation of a personal relation between the diviner-healers and the thunder-divinities ; and finally ritualisation of language which permits the establishment of a communication within speech with the aforesaid divinities. This research stresses on a one hand the analysis of a praxis and a religious language and, on the other, the symbolic processes rather than their structures
Arriagada, César. „Rotations tectoniques et déformation de l'avant arc des Andes centrales au cours du cénozoi͏̈que“. Rennes 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOliveros, Verónica. „Étude géochronologique des unités magmatiques jurassiques et crétacé inférieur du nord du Chili (18°30'-24°S, 60°30'-70°30'W) : origine, mise en place, altération, métamorphisme et minéralisations associées“. Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4062.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Early Andean Magmatic Province (EAMP) comprises volcanic (La Negra Formation) and plutonic rocks from the Coastal Cordillera of northern Chile. It represents the former magmatic arc at the beginning of the Andean subduction. 40Ar/39Ar ages constraint the volcanism between 175 and 150 Ma and a part of the plutonic activity between 160 and 140 Ma. The volcanic activity is rather short relative to the whole activity of the arc (~100 Ma); in an overall extensional tectonic regime, special geodynamic conditions should have allowed the magma to reach the surface for a short time span. The geochemical characters of the plutonic and volcanic rocks are homogeneous and indicate a subduction – related magmatism with a depleted mantle source and minor crustal contamination. Several alteration processes affected these rocks during Mesozoic times. These alteration events probably correspond to: 1) burial-type low-grade metamorphism, 2) high thermal gradient due to magmatic activity and 3) rock/non magmatic fluids interactions. 40Ar/39Ar dating of secondary minerals indicates a time span between 100 and 160 Ma, for the occurrence of these processes. Stratabound Cu ore deposits are major economic units in the region. 40Ar/39Ar dating of the host rocks (la Negra Fm. ),secondary minerals and small plutons related to the mineralization events inside two mining districts, indicate mineralization processes probably related to magmatic activity occurring at 155 and 141-142 Ma at Mantos Blancos, and between 163 and 158 Ma at Michilla
Mourier, Thomas. „La transition entre Andes marginales et Andes cordilléraines à ophiolites : évolution sédimentaire, magmatique et structurale du relais de Huancabamba (3̊ a 8̊ Lat. S ; Nord Pérou-Sud Équateur)“. Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112426.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Huancabamba Andes represent a transitional segment between the Northem Andes of Ecuador and Colombia, considered to be a cordilleran orogen related to the abduction or accretion of oceanic terranes, and the Central Andes of Peru, considered as a marginal orogen exclusively related to the subduction of oceanic lithosphere from the Mesozoic to the Present. The geological study presented here shows that the northwestem peruvian margin has undergone a specifie Mesozoic evolution distinct from that of the neighbouring Central Andes. Paleogeographic reconstructions and structural evidence point to the distinction of two volcanic arcs during the Upper-Jurassic and the Cretaceous. An hypothesis dealing with an arc jump and the neocomian accretion of a continental terrane is proposed. The results paleomagnetic and gravimetric studies are presented. They are consistent with the accretion model and suggest that the Mesozoic evolution of Northern Peru is characterized by terrane accretion, more closely related to the processes observed in the Northern Andes than to those classically assumed for the Central Andes. New structural, sedimentologic and radiometric data lead to a detailed reconstruction of the Cenozoic andean orogeny. The main tectonic and magmatic phases are dated and their control on andean red-bed sedimentation is analysed. These results show that the Huancabamba Andes display mid-Tertiary to Quatemary features which are similar to those of the Central Andes. The main structural features of the Northern peruvian Andes (i. E. Deflections and fold and thrust belts) are described in detail. The geometry and sequence of thrusting evidence the eastward migration of tectonism during andean orogeny. General conclusions and discussions lead to a geodynamic model in which shortening and its rate variation along strike are the main mechanisms responsible for crustal thickening and deflection of struc tures observed in the Huancabamba Andes. Finally, an imbricated crustal duplex model is presented
Mourier, Thomas. „La Transition entre Andes marginales et Andes cordilléraines à ophiolites évolution sédimentaire, magmatique et structurale du relais de Huancabamba, 3 °à 8 °Lat. S, Nord Pérou-Sud Equateur /“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617875c.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEude, Adrien. „La croissance des Andes centrales du nord du Pérou (5-9°S) : propagation d'un prisme orogénique dans un contexte d'héritage tectonique et de subduction plane“. Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2443/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD thesis aim to constrain the formation and structural style of Central Andes in northern Peru (5-9°S) using ~600 km of balanced cross-sections. The minimum horizontal shortening of the entire mountain belt is estimated at about 220 km. The eastern orogenic wedge composed by the Eastern Cordillera and the Subandean zone, has been sequentially restored and calibrated by syn-tectonic sedimentation geometry, apatite fission-tracks and (U-Th)/He dating combined with vitrinite reflectance measurements. Results show that the deformation is strongly influenced by inheritance tectonics. Permo-Triassic rifts are reactivated during Turonian times and are responsible of the Upper Oligocene deformation of the eastern orogenic wedge. Deformation of the continued western wedge, composed by the Western Cordillera and the forearc basins, occurs from Turonian to Eocene following inherited Jurassic extensive structures. The integration of new ages (U/Pb, Ar-Ar, 14C) and geophysical data (gravimetry, seismicity) proves that the orogenic wedge propagation is ongoing. Tectonic regime is closely related to plate convergence rates, themselves correlated to subduction dipping and magmatic processes. Between 17 and 8 Ma, the generalized exhumation rates ranging from 0. 1 to 0. 2 mm. Yr-1 is attributed to the 7. 1 mm. Yr-1 orogenic wedge propagation. Around 8 Ma, the slab subduction flattening, supported by the Inca Plateau subduction, is responsible of the magmatic arc ending and of 200 km eastward deformation front propagation. No climatic control is necessary to propagate the deformation. The absence of high plateaus on this transect is attributed to the flat subduction context with a too recent 8 Ma belt widening
Marquardt, Roman Carlos Jorge. „Déformations néogènes le long de la côte nord du Chili (23°-27°S), avant-arc des Andes centrales“. Toulouse 3, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011609.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn northern Chile the Mejillones Peninsula (23ºS) and the Caldera (27°S) areas were studied to understand the relations between brittle deformation and coastal uplift. The stratigraphic and morphostratigraphic analyses make it possible to calculate the coastal uplift rates. The dating of alluvial fan surfaces by in-situ 10Be method is used to characterize the paleoclimate and calculate fault slip rates during Upper Pleistocene. The fault analysis allows to calculate the directions of extension and compression. In conclusion we discuss neotectonic chronology and subduction seismic behaviours
Barragan-Ochoa, Fernando. „Les petits producteurs, les villes et le lait : défis du ravitaillement alimentaire dans les Andes du nord de l'Equateur“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H049/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the small producers challenges in the food supply to cities in the Northern Andes in Ecuador. It analyses the structure and functioning of the complex of dairy product supply to cities at national level. Production and commercialisation strategies adopted by small producers' are studied at local level with two examples: Machachi and Nono. The supply complex is analysed as a spatial network where the areas of production and points of sale and consumption arc interconnected generating dialectical dynamics of mutual transformation through the interaction of all the different stakeholders. Historically the complex has been structured according to the needs and characteristics of the medium and large-sized producers. In the last decades though, small producers have been using different strategies between the countryside and cities und have become key stakeholders. The incorporation of small producers in this dynamic shows their great ability to adapt to opportunities created by a growing market. However, their interactions with the other stakeholders show inequality in the power relations, which has only marginally been addressed. Different modes of integration for small producers are yet to be created
Esta tesis se interesa por los desafíos de los pequeños productores en el abastecimiento alimentario urbano a través del caso de los Andes norte en Ecuador. Se estudia la estructura y el funcionamiento del complejo de aprovisionamiento urbano de productos lácteos en una escala nacional. Las estrategias productivas y de comercialización de los pequeños productores son observados en una escala local a través de dos ejemplos: Machachi y Nono. El complejo de abastecimiento es analizado como una red espacial, donde las áreas de producción, los puntos de comercialización y de consumo están interelacionados generando dinámicas dialécticas de transformación mutua a través de las interacciones de los diversos actores.Históricamente el complejo ha sido estructurado acorde a las necesidades y características de los productores medianos y grandes. En las últimas décadas, los pequeños productores empleando diversas estrategias productivas y comerciales entre campos y ciudades se han convertido en actores fundamentales.La inclusión de los pequeños productores en esta dinámica muestra su gran capacidad de adaptación frente a las oportunidades generadas por un mercado en crecimiento. A pesar de esto, sus interacciones con a otros actores muestran las inequidades en las relaciones de poder que no han podido ser sino débilmente modificadas. Diferentes modalidades de integración de los pequeños productores lácteos quedan por construirse
ARRIAGADA, César. „Rotations tectoniques et déformation de l'avant-arc des Andes centrales au cours du Cénozoïque“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBellier, Olivier. „Tectonique en extension et changement d'états de contraintes cénozoïque en domaine intra-continental : exemples des bassins intra-cordillérains des Hautes Andes (Nord Pérou) et du graben de la Wei He (Chine du Nord)“. Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112099.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work aims to study the Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of the Northern Peru intra-cordilleran basins and active faults and, of the Northern China rift systems. 1) The Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of the Northern Peru Western Cordillera : After the main Eocene shortening (Incaic phase) that affects the High Andes, several basins have been initiated along major faults in the Western Cordillera of the Northern Peru : the Cajabamba, San Marcos, and Namora basins. . . These one were half-grabens infilled by Miocene fluvio-lacustrine deposits. We exposed Miocene synsedimentary extensional tectonics having a ENE-WSW and NE-SW trending extensional direction. The mean subsidence rate of these half-grabens is moderate : 0. 1 mm/y. Two Late Neogene and Early Pleistocene compressional tectonics characterised by N105° and N-S trending shortening post-date the Miocene extension and pre-date a N-S trending extensional tectonics. This one was taking place during the Quaternary. The 1946 Quiches and, 1937 Chaquilbamba normal fault reactivations testify that this N-S trending extension is the present-day tectonic regime. The states of stress in the High Andes were produced by a combination of edge and, body forces. The edge forces are the effect of the convergence force on the South American plate limit and the body forces are the gravity forces due to the Andean high topography. We also showed that the intra-cordilleran states of stress can be modificated by instabilities produced by the plate edges or (and) montains belt geometry. 2) The Northern China geodynamic evolution : The Northern China geodynamic evolution was mainly exposed by the Wei He graben study (Shaanxi Province). This one is located along the EW-ESE striking fault system of the Qinling Shan which separates the Northern China Block (NCB) from the Southern China Block (SCB). The subsidence began, in the Wei He graben, during the Middle (or Early) Eocene time and continued up to present day with only one sedimentary gap observed during the Late Oligocene and Early Miocene times. During the Paleogene, the subsidence rate was in the order of 0. 1 mm/y. It increased during the Miocene (0. 15 to 0. 30 mm/y) to reach more than 1 mm/y at the present-day. The kinematic analyses of the main fault planes of the Wei He graben show that : (1) The Late Pliocene to Quaternary and present-day tectonic regime is extensional and characterized by NW-SE trending extensional direction which induced a normal movement with a little sinistral component on the main faults striking E-W to WNW-ESE. (2) During the Neogene times the tectonic regime was extensional with a NE-SW trending extensional direction which induced a normal movement with small dextral strike-slip component on the main faults. (3) An oldest tectonic regime produced strike-slip-normal motions on the main faults. This may be due to a Paleogene transtensional regime characterised by E-W trending extensional direction. These Cenozoic tectonic regimes were combined consequences of the India-Asia collision and of the Eastern Eurasia subductions. The collision produces the Southern China Block extrusion and the subductions produce convections and astenospheric upwelling
De, Urreiztieta Marc. „Tectonique néogène et bassins transpressifs en bordure méridionale de l'Altiplano-Puna (2~S), Nord-Ouest argentin“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675903.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAguilar, Martorell Germán Alfredo. „Érosion et transport de matière sur le versant occidental des Andes semiarides du Nord du Chili (27°-32°S) : depuis une approche à grande échelle temporelle et spatiale, jusqu'à l'évolution quaternaire d'un système fluvial“. Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1100/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Principal Cordillera of the semiarid Andes is a transient relief that developed after the Andean uplift initiated in the Oligocene. Pediment altitudes of the Principal Cordillera in relation with others of the Coastal Cordillera indicate two kilometers of uplift. In response to the uplift depth-incised valleys (~2 km) were excavated in the high cordillera during the last six million years. The incised volume of the valleys and 10Be concentration of fluvial-glacial sediments indicate erosion rates from thirty to seventy-five meters per million years, values that have been relatively constant during the last six million years. During this period the dynamic of material transfer has been modulated by glacial erosion and exportation of fluvial-glacial sediments downstream from the plio-quaternary glacial fronts
Saillard, Marianne. „Dynamique du soulèvement côtier Pléistocène des Andes centrales : Etude de l'évolution géomorphologique et datations (10Be) de séquences de terrasses marines (Sud Pérou - Nord Chili)“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00329922.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDruc, Isabelle C. „Caractérisation et analyse de provenance de la production céramique dans l'aire d'influence Chavín (Andes Centre-Nord), un aspect des relations interrégionales à l'Horizon ancien“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26672.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCalderón, Ysabel. „Architecture structurale, bilans sédimentaires et potentiel hydrocarburifère d'une zone de transition "wedgetop-foredeep" de rétro-bassin d'avant-pays : exemple des bassins Marañon et Huallaga du Nord-Pérou“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30038/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis, through its multidisciplinary approach and the interpretation of a large amount of industrial data, brings new elements in the understanding of foreland basin systems, especially in the Andino-Amazonian field of northern Peru. It proposes a new stratigraphic and structural model of this region, reconstructs and quantifies the history of the deformation and sedimentation that constitutes the key data to model the petroleum systems and to reduce the risks in exploration. The results show that the structural architecture of the Marañon Foreland Basin, the largest of the central Andes, evolves laterally from a wedgetop zone in the SE to a foredeep zone in the NW. In the SE, it forms a thrust wedge partly eroded, connected to the wedgetop basins of Huallaga and Moyabamba. This set constitutes a single foreland basin system, deformed by the interference of an east-verging thin-skinned tectonics and a largely west-verging tectonics. The total horizontal shortening varies between 70 and 76 km. The western vergence of this thick-skinned tectonics is controlled by the inheritance of the Gondwanide orogeny (Middle Permian). We show that it is at the origin of the important crustal and destructive earthquakes in the Moyabamba basin. The east-verging thin-skinned tectonics shows a strong shortening and is confined to the wedgetop basins of Huallaga and Moyabamba, where it is controlled by the geographical distribution of a large level of Late Permian evaporites sealing the structures of the Gondwanide orogenesis. Towards the NW, the deformation of the Marañon basin is progressively amortized, which is reflected in the transition to a foredeep type deposition zone. The deformation, although not very important, is still active and responsible for shallow earthquakes. From a sedimentary point of view, this thesis has made it possible to differentiate four foreland mega-sequences in the Marañon basin, defined from well stratigraphic correlations and regional discontinuities identified in seismic. A structural section through the Marañon-Huallaga system has been restored in three stages since the Middle Eocene to reconstruct and quantify the propagation of the foreland basin system. The four foreland mega-sequences and the sequential restoration show that the Marañon-Huallaga system developed since the Albian during two stages separated by an important period of erosion during the Middle Eocene. They recorded successively the uplifts of the western and eastern Cordilleras of the Andes of northern Peru, and that of the Arch of Fitzcarrald. From a quantitative point of view, the calculated sedimentation rates show a gradual increase since the Albian, interrupted by the erosion of the Middle Eocene. The 2D petroleum modeling, carried out from a revision of the petroleum systems and the sequential restoration of the Huallaga-Marañon system, valorizes a large part of the results obtained in this thesis by simulating the expulsion of the hydrocarbons at the different stages of the deformation of the Huallaga-Marañon system, and showing its potential trapping areas
Manriquez, Viviana. „La construction et l'entretien des mémoires et de l'histoire sociale et collective à Caspana (Hauts Plateaux du désert d'Atacama, Nord du Chili)“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe inhabitants (indigenous peasants) of the andean village of Caspana (Chile), located at 3200 masl in the Atacama Desert’s high canyons of the Loa River, have long established an organic relationship with their "traditions" and customs, as well as with catholic festivities and rites. This implies a constant deployment of material and symbolic efforts (social, economic, political and ritual) that put into play the necessary reciprocity between people and the power and potency of the sacralized elements of nature, the cosmos, and above all, the ancestors who lavish them with fertility, which enables the propagation of life in all its expressions. This directly alludes to humanity’s power to transform nature, and its interdependent relationship. At the same time, they are the foundation and support of Caspana’s memory and history. Therefore, this thesis established its "point of view" in the memory and social and collective history of this complex physical, social and ritual space, analyzing its socio-cultural dynamics based on long term ethnographic work and from an interdisciplinary approach: anthropological, historical, ethno historical and micro historical.The aforementioned allowed to investigate the conceptualization that the Caspaneños have of time-space and the socially and collectively constructed past that is expressed in all spheres of social life: in individual, family and collective memory, as well as in the construction of a history and a canonical discourse about it. In turn, these memory and history are anchored in the landscape, in certain events, myths and the ritual and performance language. This work also analyzes and reflects on the devices or manner of creation, transmission, expression, transformation and validation of memory and history in different historical contexts, as well as the processes of mutation and forgetting that manifest in the everyday and in the ritual through orality, the use and reuse of performatic ceremonies and rituals, their inscription in the territory and time, and the writing and audiovisual work. Finally, he explores the intimate relationship between memory, history and the cult of death and the ancestors, as well as its power and relationship with the sacred, the reproduction of life and social organization. The Caspaneños symbolize the aforementioned as a material and metaphorical journey to a common social, historical and symbolic origin in which everyday times and rituals are a fundamental part of the order of time associated with cosmic cycles
En la localidad andina de Caspana (Chile), ubicada a 3200 msnm, en las quebradas altas del río Loa, del Desierto de Atacama, sus habitantes (campesinos-indígenas) han establecido desde larga data una relación orgánica con sus “tradiciones” y costumbres, por un lado, y con las fiestas y ritos católicos, por el otro. Esta relación implica un despliegue constante de esfuerzos materiales y simbólicos (sociales, económicos, políticos y rituales) que ponen en juego y nutren la reciprocidad necesaria de los hombres con el poder y la potencia de los elementos sacralizados de la naturaleza, del cosmos y, sobre todo, de los ancestros. Estas fuerzas prodigan la fertilidad y posibilitan la reproducción de la vida en todas sus expresiones, aludiendo directamente al poder transformador de la humanidad en la naturaleza y su relación de interdependencia. Constituyen el fundamento y el soporte de las memorias y la historia caspaneña. En este contexto, esta tesis estableció el “punto de mira” en las memorias y la historia social y colectiva de este espacio físico, social y ritual altamente complejo. El punto de partida fue el análisis de sus dinámicas socioculturales, a partir de un trabajo etnográfico de long cours, desde un enfoque interdisciplinario: antropológico, histórico, etnohistórico y microhistórico.Esta investigación permitió indagar sobre la conceptualización que los caspaneños tienen del tiempo-espacio y del pasado socialmente y colectivamente construido que se expresa en todas las esferas de la vida social: en las memorias individuales, familiares y colectivas, así como en la construcción de una historia y un discurso canónico. De esta forma, las memorias y la historia se anclan en el paisaje, en ciertos acontecimientos, en los mitos y en el lenguaje ritual y performático.Este trabajo también analiza y reflexiona sobre los dispositivos, modos de creación, transmisión, expresión, transformación y validación de las memorias y la historia en distintos contextos históricos, así como en sus procesos de mutación y de olvido que se enuncian en lo cotidiano y en lo ritual a través de la oralidad, de la utilización y reutilización de la performática de las ceremonias y rituales, de su inscripción en el territorio y en el tiempo y de la escritura y el audiovisual.Finalmente, esta tesis explora la relación íntima entre memoria, historia y el culto a la muerte y a los ancestros, así como su poder y su relación con lo sagrado, la reproducción de la vida y la organización social. Lo anterior es simbolizado por los caspaneños como un viaje material y metafórico a un origen social, histórico y simbólico común. Dentro de este origen, los tiempos y espacios cotidianos y rituales son parte fundamental del orden del tiempo que se asocia a los ciclos cósmicos
Witt, César. „Constraints on the tectonic evolution of the north andean block trailing tail : evolution of the gulf of Guyaquil-tumbes basin and the intermontane basins of the central ecuadorian andes“. Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Gulf of Guayaquil-Tumbes basin (GGTB) evolution is controlled by the trench-parallel extension that results from the North Andean block (NAB) northward drifting. This N-S directed extension is accommodated along the shelf by low-angle detachment normal faults (the Posorja, Jambelí and Tumbes detachment systems) during Pleistocene. In contrast, along the continental margin E-W directed subsidence began in Miocene times produced by a subduction erosion regime working at depth. Both regimes are limited by a major transfer system roughly located at the continental margin shelf break extending from the Domito faults system to the Banco Peru fault. The Tumbes detachment system corresponds to the master fault of basin evolution. It probably connects with the continental structures assumed to define part of the eastern frontier of the NAB, where intermontane basin formation along the central Ecuadorian Andes is also related to NAB drifting. In this discrete basin formation setting the Santa Isabel basin and the GGTB seem to have evolved along the same escape tectonic scenario
Aguilar, Martorell Germán Alfredo. „Érosion et transport de matière sur le versant occidental des Andes semiarides du Nord du Chili (27 - 32 ° S) : d'une approche à grande échelle temporelle et spatiale, jusqu'à l'évolution quaternaire d'un système fluvial“. Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00546459.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBartsch, Viola. „Magmengenese der obertriassischen bis unterkretazischen Vulkanite der mesozoischen Vulkanzone in der Küstenkordillere von Nord-Chile zwischen 24° und 27°S“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97289117X.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAtmaja, Rita. „Les temples à Antes de la Syrie du Nord, du Bronze moyen à l'Âge du Fer“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2020/ATMAJA_Rita_2020_ED519.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe previous buildings known as (in antis) have been widespread in the north of Syria since the ancient Bronze Age and remained until the Iron Age. In general they were considered to be temples. Unlike the temples of the Mesopotamia or Egypt, these buildings had a very simple plan. Thus, this prompts us to ask where all the following were: The storage and work places, the treasures of the temple, the residence of its workers, the gathering place during the major celebrations and the meeting place of the olders mentioned in the texts. To which extent the most sacred hall in the temple was able to accommodate all the different activities under the authority of god and olders. The dissertation tried to answer all these questions after studying the architectural features and environment of these buildings. It led to a more general thinking about the concept of the temple and its relationship to society
Schäbitz, Frank. „Untersuchungen zum aktuellen Pollenniederschlag und zur holozänen Klima- und Vegetationsentwicklung in den Anden Nord-Neuquéns, Argentinien : mit 27 Tabellen /“. Bamberg : Fach Geographie an d. Univ, 1989. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/022533761.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJohansson, Sarah. „Den sociala normens betydelse i förskolan : Förskollärares agerande mot barn som bryter mot det som anses vara normalt beteende“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap (UV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64627.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDesmet, Alain. „Ophiolites et séries basaltiques crétacées des régions caraïbes et nordandines : bassins marginaux, dorsales ou plateaux océaniques ?“ Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10313.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCaldas, Rodrigo de Oliveira. „A lei aplicável aos efeitos atuais dos contratos celebrados antes da vigência do novo Código Civil“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/8640.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis paper performs a detailed study of a precise rule that presides the passage from the 1916 Civil Code regime, that was valid for almost ninety years, to the 2002 Civil Code regime, valid from january 2003 on. The changing of a Civil Code brings significant consequences for the Law. In fact, the Civil Code was called once Everymen s Constitution (a clearly inadequate expression), since his norms regulate several affairs set every single day. It is not irrelevant so this event, which implies that all facts that take place after the advent of the new order will be placed under its rules. Nevertheless, according to the 5th Article, XXXVI, of Brazilian Constitution, ex post facto laws are prohibited in subject of acquired rights, perfect juridicly acts and res judicata. On the other hand, the 2.035th Article of 2002 Civil Code (10.406/2002 Act) determines that the effects of the contracts celebrated when the 1916 Civil Code was still valid will be ruled by the new order. It is necessary, then, to carefully examine the compatibility between the 2.035th Article of 2002 Civil Code (on which it concerns specifically the effects of the contracts signed before his existence) and the 5th Article, XXXVI of Brazilian Constitution. In conclusion, it can be said that, considered the acquired rights theory, which brasilian Law embraces, as well as the opinions of the brasilian Supreme Court about this particular issue, the 2.035th Article of 2002 Civil Code (10.406/2002 Act) is partialy unconstittucional
O trabalho consistirá em análise detida de uma específica regra de transição entre o Código Civil de 1916, que vigorou por quase noventa anos, e o Código Civil de 2002, que teve sua vigência a partir de janeiro de 2003. A alteração da ordem positiva civil tem reflexos significativos no tráfego jurídico. Com efeito, já houve quem se referisse ao Código Civil (valendo-se de expressão que já se reconhece inadequada) como Constituição do homem comum , tendo em vista que os dispositivos dessa lei regulam um sem número de relações jurídicas estabelecidas cotidianamente. Não é insignificante, portanto, o evento que marca a substituição de seu texto. Ocorre que, pela Constituição vigente, é vedada à lei nova a produção de efeitos que prejudiquem o ato jurídico perfeito, o direito adquirido e a coisa julgada. De outro lado, o artigo 2.035 do Código Civil de 2002 (Lei n. 10.406/2002) determina que a ele se subordinem os efeitos dos atos praticados na vigência do Código Civil de 1916. A tarefa que se propõe o trabalho, portanto, é estudar a compatibilidade entre o artigo 2.035 do Código Civil de 2002 (no que tange especificamente aos efeitos dos contratos celebrados antes de sua vigência) e o artigo 5º, XXXVI, da CF de 1988. Ao final, constata-se que, dada a filiação do direito brasileiro à teoria do direito adquirido, bem como o estágio atual da jurisprudência, sobretudo do Supremo Tribunal Federal, o artigo 2.035 do Código Civil de 2002 é parcialmente inconstitucional
Garcia, Marcelo. „Evolution oligo-miocène de l'Altiplano occidental ( arc et avant arc du nord du Chili, Arica ) : tectonique , volcanisme, sédimentation, géomorphologie et bilan érosion-sédimentation“. Phd thesis, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00546057.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleImpagliazzo, Stefania. „Il limite superiore della foresta nelle Ande del Nord (Ecuador) nell'Olocene medio e recente: dati antracologici e analisi dei suoli“. Tesi di dottorato, 2009. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/4190/1/Tesi_Impagliazzo.pdf.
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