Dissertationen zum Thema „Analyse volumétrique“
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Gomez, Garcia Fabrisio. „Analyse du potentiel de nouvelles structures d'absorbeur volumétrique pour les récepteurs des centrales solaires à tour“. Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOne of the key elements for achieving a high efficiency in solar power plants with volumetric receiver is the absorber. Its porous structure allows the solar radiation to penetrate inside it, where the absorbed energy should be transferred efficiently by convection to the fluid which crosses through it. In this work, two types of innovative absorbers are presented and analyzed: one consisting of a set of stacked elements with a grid-like structure, the other with elements similar to venetian blinds. As a reference, a conventional honeycomb absorber is also evaluated. The solar radiation propagation within the absorbers is modeled through the ray tracing technique, based on the Monte Carlo method. Their thermohydraulic behavior is simulated by the finite element method. The geometrical characteristics of the two proposed absorbers improve convective heat transfer compared to honeycomb absorbers and the modification of their main geometric parameters allowed us to increase the extinction length of solar radiation. However, the increase of their apparent frontal surface rises up reflection losses. Based on the theoretical results, the venetian blind absorber was selected to analyze it experimentally. Its thermal performance is compared with that of a honeycomb absorber. These results also indicate that the structure of the proposed absorber intensifies the heat exchange to the fluid. Moreover, this kind of absorber reaches a better thermal behavior at high heat flux and at high flow rates
Baillet, Vincent. „Les décors végétalisés dans l'architecture grecque : le kymation lesbique : analyse, restitution volumétrique et interprétation par l'imagerie numérique“. Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis puts forward a novel approach who will make cohabit together the use of a modern technology in a conventional archaeological study focused on Greek architecture. The use of 3D modeling in this doctoral project leads undoubtedly to explore new issues in the Greek archeology. To do this, we will consider to the benefits of this technology to archaeological sciences. Indeed, the restitution of an ancient building in 3D, involves questions on the virtual reality that created. 3D modeling is based on the archaeological material altered by the time. That is why, it is necessary to take a step back on a 3D picture that can idealize an archaeological reality. Our study will also apply to provide solutions to overcome these complications of the virtual restitution. Moreover, the 3D rendition of an ancient building is not an end in itself. In other words, this technology must provide a intuitive approach and a new way to understand the issues that affect at the construction of ancient buildings. Starting with the construction methods or architectural feasibility ... etc.. At the same time, we will conduct an architectural and archaeological examination in order to propose a study that is balanced and that can be reused by archaeological research. Our goals are many and this study wants to be ambitious. For this, this study will strive to avoid the pitfall of proposing an approach that is too restrictive. That is why we plan to combine preferably a study several groups of buildings with different functions. Therefore, taking into account a maximum of archaeological situations our study will be more representative, as this will ensure it a greater likelihood of being reused in the archeological studies. This thesis is also an opportunity to discuss issues related to the promotion of cultural heritage. This topic will also be addressed because the sharing of knowledge should not be accessible only to insiders, but it must also be affordable for the general public. This is an essential task that archeology must carry
Signoret, Renaud. „Conception et analyse du fonctionnement en charge nominale et partielle d'un groupe moto-compresseur pour pile à combustible“. Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066402.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKarimi, Amir Abbas. „Synthèse et caractérisation thermodynamique d'hydrates de gaz contenant de l'hydrogène“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00998311.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSuprapto. „Étude et analyse de l'oxydation par l'ozone d'un effluent gazeux contenant de l'orthoxylène dans un réacteur gaz-liquide mécaniquement agité“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL025N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAvital, Pierre. „Optimisation de la commutation d'antennes et détection de passagers par SVM, dans un contexte de contrôle d'accès pour véhicule“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis studies two aspects of a vehicle access control system which relies on the estimation of a key's location to grant access.Firstly, within the context of a triangulation-based system, we study the optimisation of the switching sequence for switched antenna-arrays.A model is given to study the estimation of the parameters of sines received by a switched array, where sensors are not necessarily sampled synchronously.This model is relevant, but not exclusive, to industrial approaches to direction of arrival estimation, such as the one proposed by Bluetooth 5.1, which serves as our reference application.From the model, Cramér-Rao lower bounds are computed, and are used to define design criteria for switching sequences that do not rely on the array's geometry.These criteria's analytical forms allow us to highlight desirable properties in switching sequences, especially in the case where the signal's frequency is unknown.Strategies to build switching sequences are proposed, and numerically evaluated using the provided criteria. Comparison of the criteria with numerical bounds on direction of arrival for common array geometries shows that they are qualitatively linked.Secondly, within the context of a time of flight based system, we propose a system for passenger detection that relies solely on the localization system's original hardware.To achieve this, we propose to use support vector machines (SVM) to classify the channel impulse responses measured between the system's transmitters.A proof of concept is designed to demonstrate feasability, and data is collected on a prototype for further evaluation.By studying the available data, invariants are identified, and processing functions are proposed to translate these invariants to the SVM in order to improve performance.One of the proposed processing is shown to give performance gains for our application through experiments
Rivollet, Fabien. „Etude des proprietes volumétriques (PVT) d’hydrocarbures legers (c1-c4), du dioxyde de carbone et du sulfure d’hydrogène : mesures par densimétrie à tube vibrant et modélisation“. Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENMP1318.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVarious pollutant contents (ie carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide or other sulphur products) are found in produced oils. These latter must undergo a number of transformations and purifications. The design and dimensioning of the corresponding units can well be optimized only if one has reliable and accurate data about phase equilibria and volumetric properties and of course reliable and accurate modeling. This work was devoted partly to measurements of volumetric properties on three binary mixtures (ethane - hydrogen sulphide, ethane - propane and carbon dioxide - hydrogen sulphide). These measurements were carried out using equipment, comprising a vibrating tube densimeter (Paar, model DMA 512 P), which was especially designed and built for this work. The study undertaken about the modeling of volumetric properties made it possible to highlight the inadequacy of the traditional use of cubic equations of state to represent simultaneously volumetric properties and phase equilibria. Among the equations of state investigated, a close attention however was paid to cubic equations of state because of their very great use in the oil field. A new tool was found to adapt cubic equations of state to the simultaneous and satisfactory representation of volumetric properties and phase equilibria. It concerns the coupling of the cubic Redlich-Kwong-Soave equation of state with volume correction through a neural network
Rossi, Claude. „Méthode d'analyse statistique des titrages acido-basiques en solutions aqueuses diluées : étude thermodynamique de la dissociation des acides polyacrylique et polyméthacrylique“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFetita, Catalin Iulian. „Analyse morphofonctionnelle des voies aériennes en TDM spiralée volumique“. Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA055021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHadj-Hamou, Mehdi. „Au-delà de la volumétrie en morphométrie basée sur les déformations : application au dimorphisme sexuel durant l'adolescence“. Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4141/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnalysing the progression of brain morphological changes in time series of images is an important topic in neuroimaging. Although the development of longitudinal databases has helped reducing the inter-individual variability, there still exist numerous biases that need to be avoided when capturing longitudinal evolutions. Moreover, when the intra-subject changes are very small with respect to the inter-subject variability it is crucial to know if the available methods can capture the longitudinal change with no bias. In most of the studies, these longitudinal changes are limited to scalar volumetric changes in order to ease their analysis. However, one can observe that brain changes are not limited to volumetry. In this multivariate case, the interpretation is more difficult. This thesis addresses these problems along three main axes. First, we propose a longitudinal Deformation-based Morphometry processing pipeline to robustly estimate the longitudinal changes. We detail the whole sequencing of the processing steps as they are key to avoid adding bias. In addition to this contribution we integrate a modification to the non-linear registration algorithm by masking the similarity term while keeping the symmetry of the formulation. This change increases the robustness of the results with respect to intensity artifacts located in the brain boundaries and leads to increased sensitivity of the statistical study on the longitudinal deformations. The proposed processing pipeline is based on freely available software and tools so that it is fully reproducible
Nazarova, Cherriere Marfa. „Wettability study through x-ray micro-ct pore space imaging in eor applied to lsb recovery process“. Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3030/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the thesis is to study rock wettability change effects caused by Low Salinity brine injection as tertiary recovery method. To identify the underlying mechanism or mechanisms of additional oil recovery X-Ray imaging technology was applied. We have also imaged the end-Point saturations of filled by brine and water core samples. Once the primary drainage is realized we carried out two phases imbibitions: with high salinity brine (waterflooding) and with low salinity brine (tertiary recovery mode). The wettability analysis at pore scale permitted to put in evidence the thermal and saline effects playing a decisive role in rock wettability. We have showed wettability changes are not caused by only electrical double layer expansion, however wettability changes was shown. These changes are explained by wettability transition of second order and observed not only for oil droplet on brine, but also for oil deposited on glass substrate. Finally, the pore space wettability needs to be evidenced at sub-Micrometric scale that is new for the petroleum domain
Qanadli, Salah. „Détection automatique et quantification volumique continue des calcifications coronariennes en tomodensitométrie hélicoïdale bi-barette“. Compiègne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001COMP1331.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDumurgier, Julien. „Conséquences et déterminants du déclin moteur chez le sujet âgé : analyses transversales et longitudinales dans la cohorte des 3 Cités“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00635892.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNeri, Quiroz José Antonio. „Développement d’un lab-on-chip pour la mesure d’acidité libre de solutions chargées en cations hydrolysables“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1247/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA joint study between the CEA and Areva La Hague has shown that chemical analysis is a crucial parameter for achieving a better performance in present and future spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plants. In fact, each plant’s process monitoring and control require a significant amount of laboratory analysis leading in overall to a considerable amount of nuclear waste. Hence, reducing the sample’s required volume for analysis would reduce its toxicity and subsequent waste, therefore increasing personnel safety, decreasing the environmental impact and the plant’s operation cost. Among the process control analytical workload, the free acidity measurement has been identified as a key analysis due to its measurement frequency. For this reason, the main objective of this research has been focused in the improvement of a reference method for free acidity measurement. The following work has been divided in two main studies seeking for the reduction of the sample volume and the automation of the analytical method protocol: - Sequential Injection Analysis (SIA) titration, whose application requires the employment of a device occupying a 25 L space, and which reduces 1000 fold the sample volume per analysis, 8 times the analysis time and 40 fold the amount of waste generated when compared to the reference analytical method. - Ballist-mix titration, whose analytical performance is equivalent to the SIA titration, but whose implementation is done inside a microfluidic device occupying a volume as low as 25 mL after integration of all of the elements needed for analysis. At the present time, the SIA titration has been validated using nitric acid samples containing uranyl cations, whereas the ballist-mix titration is being validated with the same sample conditions. However, this last analytical technique features a simplified operating principle which allows the user to shorten the analytical development process by opening the possibility to simulate the process before any experimentation
Liu, Yuan. „Improving photofermentative hydrogen production through metabolic engineering and DOE (Design of Experiments)“. Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15990.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCurrently, renewable and environmentally friendly biofuels are under intensive study due to increasing health concerns and diminishing fossil fuels. H2 is one of the most promising candidates due to its unique characteristics, such as a high energy density and low to non-existent generation of pollutants. One attractive way to produce H2 is through photosynthetic bacteria which can capture light energy to drive H2 production with their nitrogenase system. The major aim of this study was to improve H2 yield of the purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria using a combination of metabolic engineering and design of experiments. One hypothesis was that H2 yield could be improved by redirection of Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle flux to the nitrogenase system which catalyzes the reduction of protons to H2. Thus, a PRK, phosphoribulose kinase, knock out mutant of Rhodobacter capsulatus JP91 was created. Analysis of growth with different carbon sources showed that this mutant could only grow in acetate medium without, however, producing any H2. A spontaneous mutant, YL1, was recovered which retained the original cbbP (encoding PRK) mutation, but which had gained the ability to grow on glucose and produce H2. A study of H2 production under different illumination levels showed that the yield of YL1 was 20-40% greater than the wild type JP91 strain. However, there was no appreciable improvement of the H2 production rate. A kinetic study showed that growth and hydrogen production are strongly linked with electrons from glucose being mostly directed to H2 production and biomass formation. Under low to intermediate light intensities, the production of organic acids was significant, suggesting further improvement of H2 yield is possible by process optimization. In a related series of experiments, another spontaneous mutant, YL2, which has a similar phenotype to YL1, was tested for growth in ammonium-containing media. The results showed that YL2 could only grow with acetate as carbon source, again, without producing any H2. Prolonged incubation in media not supporting growth of YL2 enabled the isolation of two interesting secondary spontaneous mutants, YL3 and YL4. Western blot analysis showed that both strains had constitutive nitrogenase expression under a range of ammonium concentrations. The genomes of YL2, YL3 and YL4 were sequenced in order to find the mutations responsible for this phenomenon. Interestingly, mutations of nifA1 and nifA2 were found in both YL3 and YL4. It is likely that a conformational change of NifA alters the protein-protein interaction between NifA and PII proteins (such as GlnB or GlnK), enabling it to escape regulation by ammonium and thus to be capable of activating nitrogenase transcription in the presence of ammonium. It is not clear how the synthesized nitrogenase is able to maintain its activity since in theory it should also be subject to posttranslational regulation by ammonium. Further evidence could be obtained by studying the transcriptome of YL3 and YL4. An initial study of H2 production by YL3 and YL4 showed that they are capable of much greater hydrogen production than JP91 in ammonium medium, which opens the door for future studies with these strains using ammonium-containing wastes as substrates. Finally, the biological reformation of ethanol to H2 with the photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 was examined. Ethanol production with microbial fermentation using renewable resources has been treated as a mature technique. However, most studies of the reformation of ethanol to H2 have focused on chemical steam reforming, which usually requires a high energy input and results in toxic gas emission. Thus biological reformation of ethanol to H2 with photosynthetic bacteria, which can capture light to meet the energy requirement of this reaction, seems to be more promising. A previous study had demonstrated hydrogen production from ethanol, however, the yield or the duration of this reaction were not examined. A RSM (response surface methodology) analysis was carried out in which three key factors, light intensity, ethanol and glutamate concentrations were varied. Our results showed that nearly 2 moles of H2 could be obtained from one mole of ethanol, 33% of what is theoretically possible.