Dissertationen zum Thema „Alzheimer, Maladie d' – prévention et contrôle“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit Top-21 Dissertationen für die Forschung zum Thema "Alzheimer, Maladie d' – prévention et contrôle" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Sehen Sie die Dissertationen für verschiedene Spezialgebieten durch und erstellen Sie Ihre Bibliographie auf korrekte Weise.
Coniasse-Brioude, Delphine. „Déterminants psychologiques de l'acceptation et du refus de participer à un essai clinique destiné à prévenir la maladie d'Alzheimer en population âgée fragilisée“. Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00646721.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCacciamani, Federica. „Awareness of cognitive decline in early-stage alzheimer's disease : implications for diagnosis, patient management and research“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS295.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe describe 6 original studies, conducted on INSIGHT-PreAD and ADNI cohorts, that address different aspects of the association between patients' level of awareness of cognitive decline (ACD) and their risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We used both classical statistical methods and machine learning. We show that a subtle decline is already present in preclinical AD. Patients may notice these early changes when neither the informant nor cognitive tests do. However, the informant and tests very quickly become more reliable sources of information than the patient him/herself: during the progression from the preclinical to the prodromal stage, ACD begins to decline. In prodromal AD, the patient is mildly anosognosic, until he/she usually reaches clear anosognosia in AD dementia. The clinician should consider the patient's complaint but also compare it to other, more reliable sources of information. This may also help in a better subject selection for studies targeting pre-dementia AD
Lafay-Chebassier, Claire. „Etude du contrôle traductionnel dans des modèles de la maladie d'Alzheimer : recherche de cibles thérapeutiques“. Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT1802.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmieva, Hélène. „Processus de contrôle, mécanismes d'inhibition et maladie d'Alzheimer“. Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR28758.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePaccalin, Marc. „Relations entre désordres cognitifs et altérations du contrôle traductionnel au cours de la maladie d'Alzheimer“. Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT1401.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChavant, François. „Inhibition pharmacologique du TNF-alfa dans des modèles expérimentaux de la maladie d'Alzheimer : prévention des déficits mnésiques et de la neurotoxicité amyloïde“. Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT1801.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuérin, Delphine. „Contrôle de la neurogenèse et de la mémoire olfactive chez la souris normale et Tg2576, modèle de la maladie d'Alzheimer : implication du système noradrénergique“. Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAdult neurogenesis occurring in the dentate gyrus and the olfactory bulb (OB) could be involve in cognitive processes. Moreover, precocious olfactory alterations and changes in neuromodulatory systems are constantly described in Alzheimer disease (AD). We hypothesized that bulbar neurogenesis, in relation with modifications in neuromodulation, could be involved in the development of olfactory signs of AD (Study 1). In a rodent model of the disease, the Tg2576 mice, we showed an early deficit of olfactory short term memory (OSTM) associated with a strong decrease in newborn neurons survival in the OB and a marked degeneration of the Locus Coeruleus (LC). Then, we tested the implication of the bulbar noradrenalin (NA) in the OSTM (Study 2). For that purpose, we beforehand injected the animals with the specific-noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP4 and then, lesioned and control animals were tested in a habituation-discrimination task after bulbar re-injection of saline or NA solutions. We showed that local NA is strongly involved in the modulation of habituation performances and essential to the short term memory of odorants. Finally, we assessed the influence of normal aging on bulbar neurogenesis and olfactory learning. These preliminary results showed that old mice were not able anymore to associate a food-reward with a specific odor. This deficit was associated with an almost suppression of bulbar neurogenesis and with signs of LC degeneration (Study 3). These data suggest that adult neurogenesis and noradrenergic system could be involved in some alterations linked to aging according to different mechanisms during AD or normal aging
Brahimi, Fouad. „L'apolipoprotéine E humaine : interaction avec les anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et contrôle de sa sécrétion hépatique“. Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN12009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThuaud, Frédéric. „Synthèse d'analogues de produits naturels anticancéreux, cardioprotecteurs et neuroprotecteurs : les flavaglines“. Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6241.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe flavaglines are natural compounds, extracted from plants, which possess unique anticancer properties, display potent neuroprotective effects and may protect cardiomyocytes from cardiotoxicity induce by anthracyclines. The objective of this work was the synthesis of analogues and the study of the relation structure-activity (RSA). The variations on five different positions gave us important insight on the nature of substituent for activity. In general, the RSA on the anticancer properties, neuro- and cardioprotection were globally the same, with subtle differences. Importantly, the introduction of substituents at C-2 was deleterious on multidrug resistance cancer cell lines; and the replacement of the hydroxyl group at C-1 by an aminoformyl with the opposite configuration enhances the cytotoxicity. This work has led to an analogue that reduces tumors growth in an allograft model at non-toxic doses. Two tools to identify the biological target of flavaglines were synthesized. The first is a flavagline derivative conjugated to a dimethylaminocoumarin that allowed visualizing the accumulation of flavagline in the reticulum endoplasmic. The second is an affinity ligand for pull-down experiment and which permit to isolate the target of flavaglines. Finally, this work demonstrated that flavaglines have a real therapeutic effect for the treatment of cancer and their iatrogen effects
Bourgeois, Julie. „Vivre avec la démence à domicile : évaluation des situations à risque pour le patient et de la vigilance chez l'aidant informel“. Grenoble 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE29035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe growing proportion of people with Alzheimer's disease living at home poses problems about their safety and accompaniment. Cognitive inpairment from dementia involves memory and judgement difficulties which have repercussions on their daily life and expose them to situations of risk. The caregiver's concern is to preserve the safety of his relative, supervising, identifying and anticipating the difficulties in order to avoid risks situations. This implicit responsability, qualified as "vigilance", is an integral part of the caregivers tasks. The first aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of safety problems at home in a sample of patients with demencia seen (n=103) in a memory consultation clinic. Results show that all of the people with dementia were exposed to risks at home. The most common risks reported concerned fires, food and medication. The use of the Safety Assessment Scale is useful in the context of consultation to determine the risks at home and to focus the interview with the caregivers torwards preventing accidents and improving quality of life in the home settings. The second empirical goal of this study is to mesure, qualitatively and quantitatively, the level of vigilance of caregivers of people with dementia. Results show subgroups of caregivers with a very high level of vigilance, feeling they must now be available for their relative 24H/24. The reasons often include some patient's safety and risky behaviours, including wandering. The third aim is to explore factors associated with caregivers vigilance. The level of vigilance is associated with patient features (dependance in activities of daily living, home risks) and with characteristics of the caregiver (burden, psychological disorders). Propositions are offered in order to improve safety at home for people with dementia, and to support caregivers identified as psychologically vulnerable
Albert, Marie. „Prévention du phénomène de nucléation et de la propagation des tauopathies par immunothérapie passive utilisant un anticorps ciblant une région centrale de la protéine tau“. Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S030/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease, tau protein becomes abnormally hyperphosphorylated which leads to its accumulation and intracellular aggregation. This process gradually leads to neuronal loss and cognitive decline. Anti-tau immunotherapy is increasingly considered as a potential treatment to block tauopathies’s progression.UCB BioPharma recently showed that antibody D, targeting an epitope in the central region of tau (aa 235-250), is able to block, in vitro, the intracellular seeding of tau proteins induced by PHFs purified from the brain of Alzheimer's patients. The antibody A, same isotype and associated with similar binding properties but recognizing the N-terminal region of tau (aa 15 to 24) is not able to prevent tau seeding in this cell based assay. This observation underlines the importance of the targeted epitope on tau protein in order to neutralize pathological species contained in Alzheimer's brains (Courade et al., 2018).In order to study the properties of antibody D in vivo, we developed two murine models of tauopathies. First, a seeding model based on a unilateral injection of Alzheimer's brain homogenate into the hippocampus of young Tg30tau mice. Secondly, a spreading model to study the propagation of pathological tau seeds, based on unilateral hippocampal injection of P301L-K18 fibrils in hTauP301L transgenic mice. Tauopathies induced in these models were quantified in the ipsi and contralateral hippocampus in the presence of immunotherapeutic treatments with anti-tau antibodies (D, A) or a negative control antibody. Quantification of hyperphosphorylated and aggregated tau was performed by immunohistochemical or biochemical analyses.In the seeding model, antibody D significantly reduces the appearance of hyperphosphorylated and aggregated tau both in the ipsi and contralateral CA1 regions of hippocampus. In contrast, antibody A is not able to prevent the appearance of pathological tau in this model. In the spreading model, immunotherapeutic treatments with antibody D significantly reduces the spread of pathological tau seeds in the contralateral hippocampus.From these two murine models of tauopathies, we confirmed in vivo the ability of antibody D to neutralize the pathological tau species contained in an Alzheimer's brains homogenate and demonstrated its capacity to reduce the intercellular propagation of tauopathies. In the seeding model, antibody A wasn’t able to affect the onset of tauopathy. These results confirm those described by UCB BioPharma based on their in vitro aggregation assay and confirm the importance of the targeted epitope in order to effectively prevent the development of tauopathies in vivo
Tchalla, Achille Edem. „Contribution à l’étude de l’efficacité des interventions Domotiques et Téléassistances dans la prévention des chutes à domicile des personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie et Alzheimer au stade léger à modéré“. Limoges, 2013. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/7d54c165-c1fc-4609-a57f-e9b12f3634d8/blobholder:0/2013LIMO310K.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAging is associated with a high prevalence of unintentional fall in the elderly with a third of the population aged over 65 years fall at least once a year and half of those over 80 years. In Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and related patients, the risk of falling is 3 times more and four times more at Home Care. In the first week and especially the risk of fracture in AD patient is multiplied by 3 and at 6 months the mortality is 50%. Forty percent of admissions in Home care are due to these falls. An exhaustive review of the literature on falls prevention shows that several types of interventions have been implemented and evaluated using the identified risk factors. None has so far concerned the evaluation of interventions from a technological device for both the prevention and early detection of the fall and thus better target prevention strategies
Pinçon, Anthony. „Implication du récepteur LSR (lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor) dans le contrôle de l’homéostasie du cholestérol cérébral et les capacités cognitives au cours du vieillissement“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0141/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting millions of people. The origin of AD is multifactorial. Studies suggest that disturbance of cholesterol metabolism contributes to AD development. However, data in the literature is conflicting. It is therefore crucial to better characterize the metabolism and involvement of cholesterol in AD. This work focused on the Lipolysis Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor (LSR), a hepatic lipoprotein receptor involved in the clearance of lipoproteins during the postprandial phase. The objectives of this thesis were to characterize LSR receptor expression profile in the mouse brain, and to determine its role in both brain cholesterol homeostasis and in the pathophysiology of AD. We identified and characterized LSR expression in brain structures that are involved in cognitive abilities and the regulation of energy metabolism. Next, using a mouse model heterozygous for the LSR receptor, we were able to demonstrate that the deletion of one allele LSR causes impaired brain cholesterol metabolism in aging, which was correlated with increased susceptibility to amyloid stress. These results suggest a role of LSR receptor in brain cholesterol homeostasis and show that alterations of the brain cholesterol metabolism can impact AD pathophysiology. Finally, we observed that the deficiency of an LSR allele in mice on a high fat diets affected peripheral lipid metabolism and the anxiety in these mice
Garcia, Pierre. „Validation fonctionnelle d’une nouvelle stratégie thérapeutique prévenant la dégénérescence et les troubles cognitifs associés dans des modèles murins de la Maladie d’Alzheimer“. Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL084N/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNo cure against Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) exists yet, justifying the development of therapeutic strategies. Toxicity of soluble amyloid β peptide is a key-player in early synaptic and cellular loss in AD. According to this hypothesis, we propose that preventing Aβ peptide effects could prevent cogninitive decline in AD. Neurotrophic factors are good candidates to prevent cell death but require a targeted and continuous delivery. We used the cell encapsulation technology to produce graftable bioreactors that contain C2C12 cells secreting the Ciliary Neurotrophic factor (CNTF). Our goal was to realize the proof-of-concept that CNTF long term in situ delivery could prevent Aβ-induced cognitive decline.Our studies prove that bioreactor-produced CNTF prevents Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in vitro. Neuroprotection relies on PI3K and STAT3 activation. In vivo, bioreactor implantation in brain prevents cognitive impairment induced by Aβ icv injection or delays their appearance in Tg2576 mice. In both of our preclinical model of AD, behavioral protection was associated with synapse maintenance in hippocampus.Therefore, in situ long term CNTF delivery is an efficient preventive therapeutic strategy against toxicity and Aβ-linked cognitive disturbances. These results also suggest that encapsulated cells graft is a good way to deliver therapeutic molecules to the brain
Garès, Valérie. „Amélioration de la performance des analyses de survie dans le cadre des essais de prévention et application à la maladie d'Alzheimer“. Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2393/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNo effective curative treatment currently exists for Alzheimer disease, making its prevention a priority. To date, the rare published articles in the field of prevention trials for dementia, which measured dementia incidence as their primary outcome, have been negative. The statistical analysis of these trials relies on the logrank test. This test is known to be optimal under the proportional hazards model, thus it may be inadequate for prevention clinical trials, which may require a certain period of exposure to an intervention before an effect can be detected. The proportional hazards condition of optimality is unrealistic in this setting. In order to solve this problem, we suggest using more efficient tests to detect a late effect (weighted logrank and Kaplan-Meier tests). Theoretical tools are introduced to compare these tests such as consistency and asymptotic efficiency. If the existence of this late effect is known a priori, a methodology is proposed for choosing the best weight. Finally, if the form of the effect isn't known a priori, a new statistic of type "Maximum" tests is introduced. Finally, we apply this methodology to real data from the GuidAge trial
Noiret, Nicolas. „Le contrôle cognitif des mouvements oculaires : influence du vieillissement, de la maladie d'Alzheimer et de la dépression“. Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC031/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis doctoral dissertation aimed at better characterizing the relations between eye movements and normal and pathological cognitive ageing on the one hand, and the oculomotor modifications related to Alzheimer's disease and depression – two pathologies sometimes clinically difficult to discriminate in the elderly person — on the other hand. Through a series of five experiments, we examined the relations between the decline of the cognitive control capacities associated with normal ageing and the age-related modifications of the ocular saccade parameters. In addition, we also precisely studied the characteristics of various saccade parameters and their relations with the deterioration of cognitive control, present in the Alzheimer's disease. The direct comparison of the oculomotor performances of patients suffering from the Alzheimer's disease and elderly patients suffering from depression allowed us to differentiate the oculomotor characteristics specific to the Alzheimer's disease from those specific to the depression. Lastly, we highlighted the specificity of the visual process of emotional faces among elderly patients suffering from depression.Globally, this work showed an influence of the cognitive decline related to the age, but also of the depression and Alzheimer's disease on the oculomotor performances. The information processing slowing seems to have an impact on the parameters of all the saccadic tasks. The latency and the number of erroneous saccades were associated with the inhibition capacities. The number and the time of correction of corrected saccades were rather related to the monitoring and flexibility abilities. The capacities of correction of erroneous saccades in depression were similar to those of normal ageing, but impaired in Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, the saccade latency appears to be more impacted by depression than by Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the emotional face processing revealed the presence of particular strategies among elderly patients suffering from depression – avoidance of the emotional facial features, except for happy faces – and which could be different from the alteration of the visual search previously found in Alzheimer's disease. Whether it be in saccade tasks or in visual exploration tasks, eye movements can reflect cognitive control and enable us to differentiate depression from Alzheimer’s disease
Jean, Lukinson. „Prévenir, repérer et surveiller en situation d'incertitude : logiques professionnelles et logiques scientifiques dans la recherche sur la maladie d'Alzheimer“. Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is devoted to work in a preventive medical trial on Alzheimer's disease in France. The survey was carried out mainly at two “Centres Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches” (CMRR) which were among the main recruiters of the research protocol. Above all, it sought to highlight the many forms of uncertainty surrounding the clinical trial, from the recruitment work to the management of the participants. More precisely, this work aims to lookat, on the one hand, the extent to which certain social properties of workers influence the professional and scientific logics and, on the other hand, what factors led to the departure of many participants in the multi-site clinical trial
Fleau, Charlotte. „Maladie d'Alzheimer et polyphénols : effet des tanins sur la phosphorylation de la protéine Tau“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0776/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, which leads to their abnormal aggregation into neurofibrillary tangles and to neuronal loss observed in patients with Alzheimer disease, is regulated by a disequilibrium between kinases and phosphatases activities. This post traductional modification affects several residues, in particular in the Proline Rich Region of Tau (PRR). But, NMR studies, realized in our laboratory, have shown that polyphenols are able to interact with peptide Tau models issued from the PRR and the affinity are in the same range that those described for the kinases. In this context, we have envisaged to synthetize several polyphenols and to develop a phosphorylation reaction of peptide models in order to study, by mass spectrometry, the ability of these compounds to protect Tau against kinase attack
Hache, Jean. „Vers la prévention et l'anticipation dans la pratique médicale : réflexions sur l'épistémologie des biomarqueurs dans le cas de la maladie d'Alzheimer“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H204/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation develops epistemological reflections on the notion of biomarkers in the case of Alzheimer’s disease. It focuses on the challenge posed by the transfer of knowledge from the field of biology to medical and clinical practices, with a special attention to the techniques of early diagnosis and especially the role of Big Data. Alzheimer's disease presents a particular temporality, its appearance being insidious with a long asymptomatic phase. It differs from cancer by not being amenable to genomic analysis of specific cells, and thus allows a different approach to the epistemic status of biomarkers. The biomarker whether it be a molecule, network of interactions, or even an algorithm, sheds light on the disease in the absence of any direct causal links between the biomarker and the disease. It is primarily an indicator rather than the representation of a body condition. As a consequence, it is always surrounded by uncertainty and never fully mastered, nor fully given. The biomarker is an object whose relations with the environment are an integral part of its functioning. Biomarkers are essential in transforming medical practices towards anticipating and monitoring the evolution of a subject's health condition. By highlighting elements that transform risk factors into a pathology, biomarkers invite everyone to monitor themselves and make it possible to support people well ahead of the appearance of clinical signs of an evolving disease
Andre, Claire. „Modifications du sommeil liées à l'âge : liens avec la cognition et les biomarqueurs du vieillissement et de la maladie d'Alzheimer en neuroimagerie“. Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSleep changes are a major feature of the ageing process, and sleep disturbances are increasingly recognized as a risk factor for cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the brain mechanisms underlying this association are still unclear. The objective of this thesis was to deepen our understanding about brain structural, functional and molecular correlates of the main objective sleep changes in ageing, and to assess the potential links with cognitive performance. Our results demonstrate that the fragmentation of the first sleep cycles and the alteration of slow wave activity, are associated with reduced gray matter metabolism, perfusion and/or volume in fronto-cingulate and hippocampal areas. Moreover, sleep-disordered breathing and rapid eye movement sleep microstructure alterations were related to increased amyloid burden respectively in the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus, or more widespread neocortical areas. However, associations with cognitive performance remained subtle or inexistent, suggesting early and asymptomatic associations between sleep and brain changes. Therefore, sleep may contribute to resilience processes and may help to cope with early neuropathological changes in AD. These results support the need to screen and treat sleep disturbances in older adults, before the onset of the first cognitive signs, in order to slow cognitive decline
Allouche, Ahmad. „Validation fonctionnelle d'approches nutritionnelles à allégation "Bien veillir", capables de prévenir le vieillissement cérébral et les maladies neurodégénératives“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0316/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative aging-related dementia that is characterized by loss of memory and cognitive disorders. Toxicity of soluble oligomers of [beta]-amyloid peptide (sOA[beta]) is a key element in early stages of the disease. Absence of curative therapies, chronic aspects of the pathogenic mechanisms implicated and influence of common risk factors shared with the cardiovascular diseases, including dietary parameters and lipid metabolism, should widely encourage considering the interest of preventive interventions allowing slowing the progression and delaying the clinical onset of Alzheimer's-related troubles. Therefore, nutritional approaches could appear as a strategy able to reduce the prevalence of this disease. Early Alzheimer's mouse model allowed us to assess the preventive potential of diets supplemented in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3). Our results show that adequate dietary intake of DHA lead to increased levels in different brain structures. Consequently, hippocampal and cortical synaptic functions were preserved, even upon acute exposure to A[beta] oligomers, maintaining or improving the cognitive capacities of A[beta]-exposed mice. These improvements were positively correlated with DHA-enrichment associated in hippocampus and with preserved synaptic integrity. We also designed nutritional strategies in order to evaluate the beneficial effects of DHA on diet-induced dyslipidemia as well as on cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative processes associated with normal or pathologic aging. Our results show that dietary DHA can prevent high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia and delay cognitive decline related with normal or pathological aging