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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "AlSb LCQ"
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Bicchi, Ilaria, Francesco Morena, Chiara Argentati, Laura Rota Nodari, Carla Emiliani, Maurizio Gelati, Angelo L. Vescovi und Sabata Martino. „Storage of Mutant Human SOD1 in Non-Neural Cells from the Type-1 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ratG93A Model Correlated with the Lysosomes’ Dysfunction“. Biomedicines 9, Nr. 9 (24.08.2021): 1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091080.
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Herein, we explored the impact of the lysosome dysfunction during the progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis type-1 (ALS1). We conducted the study in non-neural cells, primary fibroblasts (rFFFs), and bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs), isolated from the animal model ratG93A for ALS1 at two stages of the disease: Pre-symptomatic-stage (ALS1-PreS) and Terminal-stage (ALS1-EndS). We documented the storage of human mutant Superoxide Dismutase 1, SOD1G93A (SOD1*) in the lysosomes of ALS1-rFFFs and ALS1-rBM-MSCs and demonstrated the hallmarks of the disease in non-neural cells as in ratG93A-ALS1-tissues. We showed that the SOD1* storage is associated with the altered glycohydrolases and proteases levels in tissues and both cell types from ALS1-PreS to ALS1-EndS. Only in ALS1-rFFFs, the lysosomes lost homeostasis, enlarge drastically, and contribute to the cell metabolic damage. Contrariwise, in ALS1-rBM-MSCs, we found a negligible metabolic dysfunction, which makes these cells’ status similar to WT. We addressed this phenomenon to a safety mechanism perhaps associated with an enhanced lysosomal autophagic activity in ALS1-rBM-MSCs compared to ALS1-rFFFs, in which the lysosomal level of LC3-II/LC3I was comparable to that of WT-rFFFs. We suggested that the autophagic machinery could balance the storage of SOD1* aggregates and the lysosomal enzyme dysfunction even in ALS1-EndS-stem cells.
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Weidema, Bo Pedersen. „ISO 14044 also Applies to Social LCA“. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 10, Nr. 6 (November 2005): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/lca2005.11.002.
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Taran, Yu V., Jürgen Schreiber, Mark R. Daymond und E. C. Oliver. „Fatigue Degradation and Martensitic Transformation of Austenitic Stainless Steel AlSi 321: New Results and Prospects“. Materials Science Forum 524-525 (September 2006): 899–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.524-525.899.
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On ECRS-6 [1], we have presented first results of the researches of fatigue degradation and martensitic transformation of austenitic stainless steel AISI 321 by neutron diffraction stress analysis. A series of samples preliminary ex-situ cyclically fatigued at the frequency of 5 and 0.5 Hz was in-situ tested on the stress rig of the ENGIN instrument. In the high cycle fatigued (HCF) samples, the applied stress-elastic strain responses of austenite and martensite phases were find out to be strongly different as compared to the low cycle fatigued (LCF) samples, in which they are close. Moreover, the martensite Poisson ratio in the HCF-samples is almost twice to that of observed 0.28-0.30 in austenite and in both phases of the LCF-samples. With the purpose to search the reason of such unusual behavior of the martensite phase, one of the HCF-samples has been anew in-situ tested on the stress rig of the ENGIN-X in: 1) a LCF-mode at the frequency of 0.1 Hz to increase the fatigue level, and 2) a quasistatic mode to measure the applied stress-elastic strain responses of both phases. Also, two of the LCF-samples have been subjected to the ex-situ secondary HCF-testing at the frequency of 5 Hz and again in-situ measured on the ENGIN-X stress rig. Results of the mechanical characterization of phases in the twice fatigued austenitic stainless steel are presented and discussed.
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Holmes, Margaret A., Wendy Paulsene, Xu Jide, Colin Ratledge und Roland K. Strong. „Siderocalin (Lcn 2) Also Binds Carboxymycobactins, Potentially Defending against Mycobacterial Infections through Iron Sequestration“. Structure 13, Nr. 1 (Januar 2005): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2004.10.009.
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Dreyer, Louise, und Michael Hauschild. „Scoping Must be Done in Accordance with the Goal Definition, also in Social LCA“. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 11, Nr. 2 (März 2006): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/lca2006.02.004.
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Wróblewska, Barbara, Lidia Hanna Markiewicz, Anna Maria Szyc, Mariola Aleksandra Dietrich, Agata Szymkiewicz und Joanna Fotschki. „Lactobacillus casei LcY decreases milk protein immunoreactivity of fermented buttermilk but also contains IgE-reactive proteins“. Food Research International 83 (Mai 2016): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2016.02.016.
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Okamura, Takayuki, Ann M. Leen, Uluhan Silli, Stephen M. Gottschalk, Stephane Vigouroux, Helen E. Heslop, Malcolm K. Brenner und Cliona M. Rooney. „Retrovirus-Transduced T Cell Blasts Have Not Only Antigen-Presenting Capabilities but Also Suppressor Regulatory T Cell-Inducing Capability.“ Blood 104, Nr. 11 (16.11.2004): 3855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3855.3855.
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Abstract EBV-associated T/NK-lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD) are relatively rare but their prognosis is very poor. In order to understand the pathogenesis and rationalize immunotherapy, it is important to know whether EBV-infected T/NK cells have antigen-presenting capacities and how they escape the EBV-specific immunity that controls virus-infected B cells and epithelial cells. As a model for T cell antigen presenting cells (T-APC), we used activated T cells expressing pp65, the immunodominant antigen of CMV, after retroviral transduction. Two to three days after activation with CD3/28, T cells were transduced with retrovirus supernatants for 24h to 48 hr on retronectin-coated plates, and then expanded for one to two weeks with IL-2 before use as APCs or target cells. As control APCs, we used LCLs transduced with a retrovirus vector expressing pp65 (pp65-LCL). Pp65-expressing T cells functioned as target cells, since they were readily killed by pp65-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL), reactivated using Adenovirus-pp65-pulsed dendritic cells. Furthermore, pp65T-APCs could reactivate pp65-specific CD8+ CTL from autologous PBMC. However, the pp65T-APC could not sustain prolonged pp65-specific CTL expansion. The ratio of CD4+: CD8+ T cells increased in responders after the 2nd stimulation with pp65-T-APC, and after the 3rd stimulation, the CD8+ CTL had virtually disappeared so that most of live cells were CD4+ T cells. The majority of the CD4+ T cells co-expressed CD25, the glucocoticoid-induced TNF receptor (GITR) and intracellular antigen CD152, all markers of T regulatory cells. To determine if they had regulatory function, the CD4+CD25+ population was isolated and shown to inhibit the proliferation of autologous PBMCs stimulated by pp65-LCL. In contrast, the CD4+CD25− fraction did not inhibit proliferation. Transwell experiments revealed that the inhibition required cell-to-cell contact. CFSE analysis showed that the CD4+CD25+ cells expanded while inhibiting the proliferation of stimulated PBMC. Taken together, these findings indicated that T-APC could reactivate antigen specific CD8+ CTL, but at the same time they activated regulatory CD4+ T cells, which prevented the long-term expansion of the CD8+ CTL. Similar results were found when the LMP2 antigen of EBV, which is expressed in T/NK-LPD, was used as antigen. Thus the immune escape of EBV-associated T/NK-LPD might result in part from their induction of regulatory T cells which inhibit T cell-specific CTL generation and function. T cells in general may evade immune-mediated recognition of their “novel” T cell receptors in the same way.
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Rosenfeld, Silvana A. „An Introduction to Zooarchaeology. DIANE GIFFORD-GONZALEZ. 2018. Springer International Publishing, New York. xxiii + 604 pp., 133 b/w illustrations, 4 illustrations in color. $99.00 (hardcover), ISBN 978-3-319-65680-9. Also available in paper, ISBN 978-3-030-09746-2, and ebook, ISBN 978-3-319-65682-3. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-65682-3.“ Latin American Antiquity 30, Nr. 03 (September 2019): 661–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/laq.2019.57.
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Tang, Qian, Cory M. Staub, Guofeng Gao, Qunyan Jin, Zhengke Wang, Wei Ding, Rosemarie E. Aurigemma und Kathleen M. Mulder. „A Novel Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor-interacting Protein That Is Also a Light Chain of the Motor Protein Dynein“. Molecular Biology of the Cell 13, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2002): 4484–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e02-05-0245.
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The phosphorylated, activated cytoplasmic domains of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) receptors were used as probes to screen an expression library that was prepared from a highly TGFβ-responsive intestinal epithelial cell line. One of the TGFβ receptor-interacting proteins isolated was identified to be the mammalian homologue of the LC7 family (mLC7) of dynein light chains (DLCs). This 11-kDa cytoplasmic protein interacts with the TGFβ receptor complex intracellularly and is phosphorylated on serine residues after ligand-receptor engagement. Forced expression of mLC7-1 induces specific TGFβ responses, including an activation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a phosphorylation of c-Jun, and an inhibition of cell growth. Furthermore, TGFβ induces the recruitment of mLC7-1 to the intermediate chain of dynein. A kinase-deficient form of TGFβ RII prevents both mLC7-1 phosphorylation and interaction with the dynein intermediate chain (DIC). This is the first demonstration of a link between cytoplasmic dynein and a natural growth inhibitory cytokine. Furthermore, our results suggest that TGFβ pathway components may use a motor protein light chain as a receptor for the recruitment and transport of specific cargo along microtublules.
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Bar, Isabelle, Ahmad Merhi, Fadi Abdel-Sater, Abduelhakem Ben Addi, Sara Sollennita, Jean-Luc Canon und Paul Delrée. „The MicroRNA miR-210 Is Expressed by Cancer Cells but Also by the Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer“. Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 65, Nr. 6 (12.04.2017): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/0022155417702849.
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The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype occurs in about 15% of breast cancer and is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with poor outcome. Furthermore, treatment of patients with TNBC is more challenging due to the heterogeneity of the disease and the absence of well-defined molecular targets. Microribonucleic acid (RNA) represents a new class of biomarkers that are frequently dysregulated in cancer. It has been described that the microRNA miR-210 is highly expressed in TNBC, and its overexpression had been linked to poor prognosis. TNBC are often infiltrated by immune cells that play a key role in cancer progression. The techniques traditionally used to analyze miR-210 expression such as next generation sequencing or quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) do not allow the precise identification of the cellular subtype expressing the microRNA. In this study, we have analyzed miR-210 expression by in situ hybridization in TNBC. The miR-210 signal was detected in tumor cells, but also in the tumor microenvironment, in a region positive for the pan-leucocyte marker CD45-LCA. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR-210 is expressed in tumor cells but also in the tumor microenvironment. Our results also highlight the utility of using complementary approaches to take into account the cellular context of microRNA expression.
Dissertationen zum Thema "AlSb LCQ"
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Kinjalk, Kumar. „Long Wavelength QCLs for BTEX and Propane detection through QEPAS“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS079.
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La détection sensible et sélective des BTEX et du propane présente un grand intérêt pour les applications environnementales, biomédicales et pétrochimiques. Cependant, la détection de ces composés est compliquée à cause des interférences potentielles, soit entre eux, soit avec d'autres composés. Ce problème peut être résolu par la spectroscopie laser à de grandes longueurs d'onde (13-15 µm), où ils présentent des caractéristiques d'absorption très discriminantes. Pourtant, cette gamme spectrale est pratiquement inexplorée en raison du manque de sources appropriées. Cette thèse vise à combler cette lacune en développant des LCQ émettant à des grandes longueurs d'onde élevées et en exploitant le QEPAS pour une détection ultra-sensible et sélective.Un nouveau design est proposé pour améliorer les performances des LCQ à base d'InAs de grande longueurs d'onde. Cette conception nous a permis de démontrer une densité de courant de seuil record de 0,6 kA/cm2 à 300 K. En outre, une nouvelle technique d'isolation utilisant le SOG est également proposée pour améliorer les problèmes de stabilité du dispositif provoqués par l'altération des propriétés de l'isolation de la résine photosensible (généralement utilisée pour les QCL à base d'InAs) à des températures élevées. Par la suite, des QCL DFB monomodes avec un SMSR > 20 dB et une puissance de sortie optique de l'ordre du mW ont été développé, ciblant les lignes d'absorption de ces gaz. En utilisant ces lasers, un système de détection basé sur le QEPAS a été développé, calibré et caractérisé pour la détection du toluène, du benzène et du propane. Des limites de détection exceptionnellement basses de 113 ppb, 3 ppb et 3 ppm sont atteintes dans une matrice d'azote pur sur un temps d'intégration de 10 secondes. Le système conserve sa sélectivité et sa robustesse, même dans des mélanges de gaz complexes. Enfin, une QCL de 13,71 µm est couplée avec succès à un HCW, où les conditions optimales de couplage, la qualité du faisceau et la perte sont explorées. L'étude confirme la transmission efficace d'une telle longueur d'onde à travers le HCW avec une perte minimale et une qualité de faisceau spatial amélioréeSensitive and selective sensing of BTEX and Propane is of great interest for environmental, biomedical, and petrochemical applications. However, detecting these compounds poses unique challenges due to potential interferences, either among themselves or from other compounds. This issue can be resolved by using laser spectroscopy in the long-wavelength mid-infrared spectral region (13-15 µm), where they exhibit highly discriminating absorption features. Yet, this wavelength range is almost unexplored due to the lack of suitable sources. This thesis aims to bridge this gap by developing high-performing long-wavelength QCLs and leveraging QEPAS for ultra-sensitive and selective detection.A novel design is proposed to improve the performance of long-wavelength InAs-based QCLs, which allowed us to demonstrate a record-breaking low threshold current density of 0.6 kA/cm2 at 300 K. Additionally, a novel insulation technique using SOG is also proposed to improve device stability issues provoked by the alteration of properties of photoresist insulation (typically used for InAs-based QCLs) at elevated temperatures. Subsequently, single-frequency DFB QCLs with SMSR > 20 dB and optical output power in the mW range operating in the continuous wave regime are developed, targeting the absorption lines of these gasses. Using these DFBs, a sensing system based on QEPAS is developed, calibrated, and characterized for Toluene, Benzene, and Propane detection. Exceptionally low detection limits of 113 ppb, 3 ppb, and 3 ppm are achieved in a pure nitrogen matrix over a 10-second integration time. The system maintains selectivity and robustness, even in complex gas mixtures. Finally, a 13.71 µm QCL is successfully coupled with a HCW, where optimal coupling conditions, beam quality, and loss are explored. The study confirms the efficient transmission of such wavelength through HCW with minimal loss and improved spatial beam quality
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Figueiredo, Joana Maria Serra de Oliveira Duarte. „The role of microRNAs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis“. Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7991.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Genética Molecular e BiomedicinaMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as a primary mediator of gene regulation in many different cell types. There is increasing evidence that specific subsets of miRNA play a prominent role in the nervous system, both in development and in specific neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to elucidate the role of microRNA in selective motor neuron death that is the hallmark of amyotrophic Lateral sclerosis (ALS). Pre-symptomatic time-point was chosen since the levels of miRNAs are highly likely to be altered as a secondary consequence of cell injury and death in ALS. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to study miRNA profiles in motor neurons of spinal cord tissue from SOD1G93A mice, the best characterized model of ALS. In preliminary work, using miRNA specific chips we have identified 2 miRNAs which are dramatically upregulated before disease onset. In this study, high RNA quality was achieved from laser captured cells, which consist in a major advance towards obtaining meaningful results of these miRNAs expression in downstream applications. Despite LCM technology has become increasingly sophisticated; rapidly obtaining enough amount of starting material for downstream applications is still extremely challenging. The combination of this optimized technique with microarrays, followed by RT-qPCR may provide insights into potential contribution of microRNAs to progression of neurodegeneration of motor neurons in ALS.
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Deuce, Gail D. „CHARGE syndrome is a medical diagnosis : can it also be an educational diagnosis?“ Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6175/.
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CHARGE syndrome is a common cause of congenital deafblindness, but it has been contended individuals with CHARGE form a distinct group within the broader deafblind population. This thesis explores the education of learners with CHARGE and what the similarities and differences between these two groups might be. A review of literature identifies reported anomalies that may impact upon learning and development, and establishes very limited research-based evidence is available with regard to educational practice with this group of learners. Cycle 1 of this investigation involved document analysis of educational reports, revealing internal factors considered to influence learning and development, and external factors including assessment, support from external professionals and teaching strategies. These were explored further in Cycle 2 involving a questionnaire to teachers of a child with CHARGE and interviews of practitioners in an overseas educational establishment. Commonalities and distinctions between learners with CHARGE and the wider deafblind population were found, and also that established educational deafblind practice is applicable to learners with CHARGE, but that strategies may be alternatively employed and additional strategies also required. A variation in educational provision was also found according to the type of placement attended. In conclusion it was considered that, in a broad sense, educationally there is something unique and distinct in learners with CHARGE.
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Schmied, Katja C. „Funktionale Charakterisierung einer kleinen Familie von Arabidopsis MYB1R-Transkriptionsfaktoren LHY/CCA1-like (LCL) Proteine als potentielle Koregulatoren des zentralen Oszillators /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976922789.
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Wagner, Silvia. „Identifizierung von Biomarkern mittels LC-MS-basiertem Metabonomics : Merkaptursäuren als Indikatoren für die Bildung toxischer Intermediate“. kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-wuerzburg/volltexte/2009/3576/.
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Chang, Zisong. „Das Dauerstadium als Präadaptation“. Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17095.
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Wir fanden konservierte molekulare Signaturen der Regulation durch Δ7-DA und Ascarosid bei Dauer- und infektiösen Larven. Danach wurde die hohe Konservierung durch unsere Analyse in Dauer- und Postdauer-Stadium zwischen den zwei nah verwandten freilebenden Arten C. elegans und C. briggsae identifiziert. Das heißt, dass die relative Veränderung auf mRNA- oder Protein- Ebene zwischen zwei Arten stark korreliert ist. Aber die relative Veränderung innerhalb derselben Art zeigt keine hochgradige Korrelation zwischen mRNA- und Protein-Ebene. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen in C. elegans Dauerlarven die signifikante Reduzierung der RNA-Mengen in 20 Stoffwechselwegen. Im Gegensatz dazu speicherten Dauerlarven reichlich RNA-Mengen in GO Termen wie Ribosome und Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. Auf Protein-Ebene sind die Stoffwechselwege von Proteinsynthese und Proteinverarbeitung im endoplasmatischen Retikulum in Dauerlarven herunterreguliert und GO Terme wie Lysosome sind hochreguliert. Durch die Zeitreihenanalyse der Proteom-Remodellierung der molekularen Signaturen beim Austritt aus dem Dauer-Stadium fand wir, dass GO Terme wie metal ion binding signifikant herunterreguliert sind und der Proteinabbau hochreguliert ist. Unsere Ergebnisse vom pSILAC Experiment deuten an, dass die Proteine für Energieerzeugung und Chaperone/Proteinfaltung beim Daueraustritt schnell verbraucht sind und wieder hergestellt werden. Zum Schluss haben wir als Erste den popomR-Assay in C. elegans etabliert und ein Screening der vermeintlichen Proteinbindestellen auf poly-A-RNA durchgeführt, um in der Zukunft die konservierten Mechanismen der post-transkriptionellen Regulation durch RBPs im Dauer-Stadium zu analysieren.We found the conservation of molecular signatures by regulating with Δ7-DA and Ascarosid in dauer larvae and infective larvae. Then by our comparative analysis, the high degree of conservation between two closely related free-living species C. elegans and C. briggsae was identified in dauer and post-dauer stages. This means that the relative changes are strongly correlated on the mRNA or the protein level between two species. But the relative changes in the same species don’t show any strong correlation between the mRNA and the protein levels. Our results showed a significantly reduced amount of RNA in 20 metabolic pathways in C. elegans dauer larvae. In contrast, dauer larvae stored a large amount of RNA in GO terms such as ribosome and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. On the protein level, the metabolic pathways of protein synthesis and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were downregulated in dauer larvae and the term of lysosome was up-regulated. Due to time course analysis for proteome remodeling of molecular signatures during exit process from dauer stage, we found that GO terms such as metal ion binding were significantly downregulated during dauer exit and at the same time the protein degradation was up-regulated. Our results of pSILAC experiment suggest that the proteins for energy generation and chaperone/protein folding are quickly spent and rebuilded during dauer exit. Finally, we were the first to establish the popomR assay in C. elegans and performed a screening of the putative protein binding sites on poly-A RNA to analyze the conserved mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by RBPs in dauer larvae in the future.
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Tsioplis, Dimitrios [Verfasser]. „Nachweis von LC-3 (Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3) als Autophagiemarker, CD107 als Degranulationsmarker und MitoTracker als Mitochondrienmarker zur Beurteilung von Stressfaktoren bei Patienten mit Sepsis / Dimitrios Tsioplis“. Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1068262966/34.
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Marques, Aline de Sousa. „Espectroscopia e cromatografia l?quida com espectrometria de massa associadas ? quimiometria na classifica??o e avalia??o de perfil lipid?mico de classes bacterianas“. PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM QU?MICA, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24791.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
Esta tese de doutorado ? um aporte te?rico-pr?tica para o desenvolvimento de estudos que utilizem a bioanal?tica, particulamente materiais biol?gicos provenientes de bact?rias, podendo estes ser isolados, DNA, entre outros, em conjunto com ferramentas quimiom?ticas de an?lise. Para isso, buscou-se identificar diferen?as bacterianas quando submetidas a uma fonte de estresse a partir de diferentes t?cnicas anal?ticas. A primeira abordagem foi realizada partindo da bioespectroscopia, utilizando-se de dados espectrosc?picos obtidos na regi?o do infravermelho. A bioespectroscopia na regi?o do infravermelho ? descrita como uma t?cnica n?o invasiva, de alto rendimento, baixo custo (quando comparado com t?cnica padr?es de an?lise) e objetivas, e que possui um enorme potencial na an?lise de bact?rias, complementando ou mesmo substituindo m?todos de diagn?stico de doen?as convencionalmente conduzidos por especialistas atrav?s de m?todos padr?es de an?lises de alto custo e que necessitam de reagentes espec?ficos. Os dados obtidos a partir da bioespectroscopia em amostras bacterianas s?o complexos e apresentam muitas bandas de sobreposi??o sendo necess?ria a aplica??o de ferramentas matem?ticas para superar estas dificuldades. Para isso, algumas ferramentas matem?ticas, como os m?todos de sele??o de vari?veis, que utilizam a an?lise discriminante linear com Algoritmo de Proje??o Sucessiva (SPA-LDA) e Algoritmo Gen?tico (GA-LDA), geralmente s?o utilizadas com a finalidade de facilitando a extra??o de informa??es relevantes. A espectroscopia na regi?o do infravermelho, em espec?fico infravermelho pr?ximo (NIR) e infravermelho com trasformata de Fourier e reflect?ncia total atenuada (ATR-FTIR), em conjunto com m?todos de sele??o de vari?veis (SPA-LDA e GA-LDA) foram utilizadas na discrimina??o de amostras de bact?rias (Sthaphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoneae e Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Foram identificados prov?veis biomarcadores como lip?deos e prote?nas em ~1550 cm-1 e 1400 cm-1 e vibra??es de DNA em ~1080 cm-1. Valores de sensibilidade de 75% e 95% para modelos de SPA-LDA e 100% e 93% para modelos GA-LDA foram encontrados. Com base nesses resultados, pode-se concluir que o SPA-LDA e GA-LDA em conjunto com a espectroscopia na regi?o do infravermelho mostraram-se ferramentas eficientes melhorando o tempo e custo de diagn?stico possibilitando o tratamento mais r?pido em rela??o aos m?todos padr?es de diagn?stico e, consequentemente, sendo poss?vel evitar a evolu??o de uma poss?vel infec??o. A segunda abordagem foi avaliar poss?veis mudan?as no perfil lipid?mico de bact?rias resultante de sua exposi??o a uma fonte de estresse externa (Ars?nio (III)), utilizando as cianobact?rias Anabaena sp. e Planktothrix agardhii. Os dados foram obtidos a partir a Cromatografia L?quida- Espectrometria de Massas (LC-MS) que por gerar uma matriz de dados muito extensa foi necess?ria a utiliza??o de uma estrat?gia de sele??o proposta recentemente, definida como ROI (do ingl?s regions of interests) que diminui significativamente o tamanho da matriz de dados obtidas por LC-MS. Resolu??o Multivariada de Curvas com M?nimos Quadrados Alternantes (MCR-ALS) foi utilizado como m?todo de resolu??o das fontes de varia??o, recuperando as informa??es de seus componentes puros que se encontravam misturadas. As massas majorit?rias encontradas, sendo algumas delas 766.54, 565.40 e 871.56 (m/z), determinam que as cianobact?rias estudadas, ao serem submetidas a As(III), sofrem mudan?as relacionadas a estruturas que comp?em os processos fotossint?ticos das mesmas.
This doctoral thesis is a theoretical-practical contribution for the development of studies that use bioanalytical, particularly biological materials from bacteria, which can be isolated, DNA, among others, in conjunction with chemistry analysis tools. For this, it was sought to identify bacterial differences when submitted to a source of stress from different analytical techniques. The first approach was based on biospectroscopy, using spectroscopic data obtained in the infrared region. Biospectroscopy in the infrared region is described as a non-invasive, high-throughput, low-cost (when compared with standard analytical techniques) and objective techniques, and has a huge potential in the analysis of bacteria, complementing or even replacing diagnostic methods of diseases conventionally conducted by skilled persons by standard methods of expensive analyzes and requiring specific reagents. The data obtained from biospectroscopy in bacterial samples are complex and have many overlapping bands and it is necessary to apply mathematical tools to overcome these difficulties. For this, some mathematical tools, such as variable selection methods, using Linear Discriminant Analysis with Successive Projection Algorithm (SPA-LDA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA-LDA), are generally used for the purpose of solving these data, facilitating the extraction of information. Infrared spectroscopy, in specific Near Infrared (NIR) and infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform and Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR- FTIR), in conjunction with variable selection methods (SPA-LDA and GA-LDA) was used in the discrimination of bacterial samples (Sthaphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoneae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Possible biomarkers such as lipids and proteins were identified at ~ 1550 cm -1 and 1400 cm -1 and DNA vibrations at ~ 1080 cm -1. Sensitivity values of 75% and 95% for SPA-LDA models and 100% and 93% for GA-LDA models were found. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the SPA-LDA and GA- LDA in conjunction with the infrared spectroscopy showed efficient tools improving the time and cost of diagnosis allowing the treatment faster than the standard methods of diagnosis, and consequently, it is possible to avoid the evolution of a possible infection. The second approach was to evaluate possible changes in the lipid profile of bacteria resulting from its exposure to an external stress source (Arsenic (III)), using the cyanobacteria Anabaena sp. and Planktothrix agardhii. The data were obtained from Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), which, in order to generate a very extensive data matrix, required the use of a recent selection strategy, defined as ROI (regions of interest), which significantly decreased the Size of the data matrix obtained by LC-MS. Multivariate Curve Resolution - Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) was used as a method to solve variation sources, retrieving the information of its pure components that were mixed. The majority masses found, such as 766.54, 565.40 and 871.56 (m/z), determine that the studied cyanobacteria, when subjected to As (III), undergo changes related to structures that make up the photosynthetic processes of the same.
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Wünschmann, Sven [Verfasser], und Reinhold [Akademischer Betreuer] Johrendt. „Gebäudestrukturen und deren Einfluss auf die ökologische Lebenszyklusqualität. Analyse von gebäudebezogenen LCA – Daten im Zusammenhang mit konstruktiven Gebäudestrukturen als Optimierungsgrundlage in frühen Planungsphasen / Sven Wünschmann ; Betreuer: Reinhold Johrendt“. Hamburg : HafenCity Universität Hamburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162134453/34.
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Sohr, Martin. „Zabezpečovací systém pro rodinný dům“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219383.
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Family house, security system, wireless communication, IQRF, RSA, central control unit, SPI, I2C, glass break sensors, motion sensors, magnetic contact sensors, graphic displey, LCD displey, microcontroler, SIM900, 24FJ256GB106, EA DOGM106, eDIPTFT43-A.
Bücher zum Thema "AlSb LCQ"
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Horne, Ralph E., Tim Grant und Karli Verghese. Life Cycle Assessment. CSIRO Publishing, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643097964.
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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has developed in Australia over the last 20 years into a technique for systematically identifying the resource flows and environmental impacts associated with the provision of products and services. Interest in LCA has accelerated alongside growing demand to assess and reduce greenhouse gas emissions across different manufacturing and service sectors.
Life Cycle Assessment focuses on the reflective practice of LCA, and provides critical insight into the technique and how it can be used as a problem-solving tool. It describes the distinctive strengths and limitations of LCA, with an emphasis on practice in Australia, as well as the application of LCA in waste management, the built environment, water and agriculture. Supported by examples and case studies, each chapter investigates contemporary challenges for environmental assessment and performance improvement in these key sectors.
LCA methodologies are compared to the emerging climate change mitigation policy and practice techniques, and the uptake of ‘quick’ LCA and management tools are considered in the light of current and changing environmental agendas. The authors also debate the future prospects for LCA technique and applications.
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Körösényi, András, Péter Ondré und András Hajdú. A “Meteoric” Career in Hungarian Politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783848.003.0005.
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The central puzzle of this chapter is the meteoric rise and abrupt fall in the popularity of Ferenc Gyurcsány, the Hungarian prime minister between 2004 and 2009. The chapter applies the LCI to explain this riddle by analyzing his prime-ministerial career. The chapter also aims to contribute to the methodological refinement of the LCI. First, it introduces a milestone approach, which sets the data for six crucial moments in Gyurcsány’s political career to make the LCI a dynamic tool for the analysis. Second, in order to improve the reliability of the method and exclude researcher bias, it replaces researcher judgment with expert judgment in the cases of communicative performance and management skills, and with the fulfillment rate of the legislative program in the case of parliamentary effectiveness. The result of the research diverges from our initial expectations, since the aggregate value of the LCI decreased only rather moderately.
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Bennister, Mark, Ben Worthy und Paul 't Hart, Hrsg. The Leadership Capital Index. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783848.001.0001.
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This edited book will make an important, timely, and innovative contribution to the now flourishing academic discipline of political leadership studies. We have developed a conceptual framework of leadership capital and a diagnostic tool—the Leadership Capital Index (LCI)—to measure and evaluate the fluctuating nature of leadership capital. Differing amounts of leadership capital, a combination of skills, relations, and reputation, allow leaders to succeed or fail. This book brings together leading international scholars to engage with the concept of “leadership capital” and apply the LCI to a variety of comparative case studies. The LCI offers a comprehensive yet parsimonious and easily applicable ten-point matrix to examine leadership authority over time and in different political contexts. In each case, leaders “spend” and put their “stock” of authority and support at risk. United States president, Lyndon Johnson, arm-twisting Congress to put into effect civil rights legislation, Tony Blair taking the United Kingdom into the invasion of Iraq, Angela Merkel committing Germany to a generous reception of refugees: all ‘spent capital’ to forge public policy they believed in. We are interested in how office-holders acquire, consolidate, risk, and lose such capital. This volume concentrates predominantly on elected ‘chief executives’ at the national level, including majoritarian and consensus systems, multiple and singular cases. We also consider some presidential and sub-national cases. The purpose of the exercise is indeed exploratory: the chapters are a series of plausibility probes, to see how the LCI framework ‘performs’ as a descriptive and analytical tool.
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Chang, Hasok. Comments on “Causal pathways, random walks, and tortuous paths: moving from the descriptive to the etiological in psychiatry”. Herausgegeben von Kenneth S. Kendler und Josef Parnas. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796022.003.0042.
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This chapter presents a commentary on the move from the descriptive to the etiological perspective in psychiatry, as discussed in the previous chapter. It also raises additional considerations, including the notion of the “cause” of non-existent things, epistemic iteration and evolving meaning, and description and latent class analysis (LCA).
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Kar, Mes. Lca: St Lucia Tagesplaner Mit 120 Seiten in Wei�. Organizer Auch Als Terminkalender, Kalender Oder Planer Mit der St Lucianischen Flagge Verwendbar. Independently Published, 2019.
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Scholz, Susanne, und Daniel Dornhofer, Hrsg. Spectatorship in the Elizabethan Court. Klostermann, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783465141853.
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Wenn frühneuzeitliche Höfe, wie von Zeitgenossen immer wieder behauptet, nach Art einer Bühne funktionieren, dann liegt es nahe, höfisches Leben nach Praktiken des Sehens und Gesehen-Werdens, der Beobachtung, der Überwachung, des Zuschauens zu befragen. Während das höfische lch durch Prozesse formierenden Sehens entsteht, kann auch der Hof selbst, als Ort der Macht, als Produkt des koniglichen Blicks beschrieben werden. Der Band widmet sich den visuellen Praktiken an frühneuzeitlichen Höfen und untersucht die Formen und Funktionen sowie die Produktivität des Zuschauerblicks am elisabethanischen Hof. Im Zentrum der Analysen stehen Blickregim?es und Raumordnung während koniglicher "Progresses", visuelle Strategien höfischer Theaterproduktionen, die formative Wirkung des sozialen Sehens bei der Erziehung junger Männer an den Inns of Court sowie der Blick der Höflinge und Hofdamen auf die Königin beim Speisen und beim Tanz.
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St Lucia. LCA. Kalender 2021: Wochenplaner Mit Monatsübersicht und Jahresübersicht. Coole Geschenkidee Für Weihnachten, Zum Geburtstag Oder Für Jeden Anderen Anlass Als Geschenk. Wochenübersicht Mit Seiten Für Notizen. Independently Published, 2020.
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Ronco, Pierre M. Kidney involvement in plasma cell dyscrasias. Herausgegeben von Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0150.
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Monoclonal proliferations of the B-cell lineage are characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled expansion of a single clone of B cells at different maturation stages, with a variable degree of differentiation to immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. Therefore, they are usually associated with the production and secretion in blood of a monoclonal immunoglobulin and/or a fragment thereof which may become deposited in tissues. These deposits can take the form of casts (in myeloma cast nephropathy), crystals (in myeloma-associated Fanconi syndrome), fibrils (in light-chain and exceptional heavy-chain amyloidosis), or granular precipitates (in monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease). They may disrupt organ structure and function, inducing life-threatening complications. All of the pathologic entities related to immunoglobulin deposition principally involve the kidney, which is not only explained by the high levels of renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate, but also by the sieving properties of the glomerular capillary wall and by the prominent role of the renal tubule in LC handling and catabolism.The different renal (and other) manifestations are related to the unique physicochemical characteristics of each paraprotein or immunoglobulin fragment, and the rate of their production.
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Nowak, Dariusz, Hrsg. Production–operation management. The chosen aspects. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-059-3.
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The aim of the e-book is to present the theoretical, cognitive and practical aspects of the essence and complexity of operational management in a production company. The presented modern production methods together with the challenges and problems of contemporary enterprises should better help to understand the issues of sustainable development, with particular emphasis on waste. The book consists of six chapters devoted to relevant and topic issues relating to the core business of an industrial enterprise. Chapter 1 The nature of the industrial enterprise is an introduction to further considerations and deals with the essence of the basic aspects of the company. Both popular and less known definitions of an enterprise, its features, functions and principles of operation are presented. An important part of the chapter is the presentation and formulation of strategic, tactical and operational goals. Moreover, the division of enterprises is presented with the use of various criteria and the features of the industrial market, which make it distinct. Chapter 2 The operational management evolution and its role in the industrial enterprise discusses the evolution and concept of production and operational management. The management levels were also presented, indicating their most important functions. An integral part of the chapter is the essence of the production system, viewed through the prism of the five elements. Chapter 3 Functions and role in operations management presents the issues concerning the organization of production processes, production capacity and inventory management. This part also presents considerations on cooperation and collaboration between enterprises in the process of creating value. Chapter 4 Traditional methods used in operational activities focuses on methods such as benchmarking, outsourcing, core competences, JIT, MPR I and MRP II, as well as TQM and kaizen. Knowledge of these methods should contribute to understanding the activities of modern enterprises, the way of company functioning, the realization of production activities, as well as aspects related to building a competitive position. Chapter 5 Modern methods used in production-operations management discusses the less common and less frequently used production methods, based on a modern and innovative approach. In particular, it was focused on: Shop Floor Control and cooperative manufacturing, environment-conscious manufacturing (ECM) and life-cycle assessment ( LCA), waste management and recycling, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), virtual enterprise, World Class Manufacturing (WCM), Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and House of Quality (HOQ), theory of constraints (TOC), Drum Buffer Rope (DBR), group technology (GT) and cellular manufacturing (CM), Demand Chain Management and competitive intelligence (CI). In the last section discusses: the role of sustainable statistical process control and Computer-Aided Process Planning in context formatting of information management. Chapter 6 Problems of sustainable development and challenges related to production and operations management describes the problem and challenges related to production and operations activities. In particular, attention was paid to the threats related to changes in global warming, the growing scale of waste, or the processes of globalization. It was pointed out that the emerging problem may be both a threat and a chance for the development of enterprises. An integral part of the chapter are also considerations on technical progress, innovation and the importance of human capital in operational activities.
Buchteile zum Thema "AlSb LCQ"
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Foltynowicz, Zenon, und Zbigniew Stanisław Kłos. „Research Activities on LCA and LCM in Poland“. In Towards a Sustainable Future - Life Cycle Management, 289–303. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77127-0_26.
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AbstractThe main goal of this paper is to present the history and actual situation in research on LCA and LCM in Poland. This task will be performed by reviewing the different activities and their results in this field, from the very beginning. The paper includes the review of the activities of LCA/LCM main research centres in Poznań (Poznań University of Technology (PUT), Poznań University of Economics and Business (PUEB)), Cracow (Polish Academy of Sciences, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow University of Economics), Zielona Góra (University of Zielona Góra), Bydgoszcz (UTP University of Science and Technology), Katowice-Gliwice (Silesian University of Technology), Częstochowa (Częstochowa University of Technology) and Szczecin (ZUT Western Pomeranian University of Technology). LCA/LCM researches are also performed in several smaller research groups in R&D centres. In the end of the paper, some conclusions referring to the actual situation of research on LCA/LCM, dealing with critical evaluation of the LCA/LCM centres in Poland location, issues and problems addressed, areas of the projects covered and the desired activities in the future, are presented.
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Alasmari, Esam, Pedro Martinez-Vazquez und Charalampos Baniotopoulos. „Utilising BIM on LCC to Enhance the Sustainability of Saudi Residential Projects Through Simulation. A Case Study at the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia“. In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 659–68. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57800-7_61.
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AbstractThere is a growing emphasis in current global construction sector for the incorporating of sustainability ideas into design and construction practices. This present paper investigates the considerable impact of using Building Information Modelling (BIM) techniques to address sustainability and financial concerns in a residential project in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). We propose to further embedding BIM 3D modelling and the development of alternative design scenarios for optimising Life Cycle Cost (LCC) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Four scenarios are assessed using Green Building Studio (GBS) for whole-building analysis, and specific design units are assessed using One Click LCA, which is integrated into Revit. The significance of the study relies on merging of BIM and LCC to improve the sustainability of residential developments at the KSA. It also intends to optimise resource efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and increase cost-effectiveness throughout the whole life cycle of residential structures by using simulation approaches. The findings will benefit industry stakeholders by encouraging sustainable practises that inform decision-making processes in the context of Saudi residential development.
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Backes, Jana Gerta, Rose Nangah Mankaa und Marzia Traverso. „Drei Säulen der Nachhaltigkeit und Bewertungsansätze“. In Elektromobilität, 629–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65812-3_37.
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ZusammenfassungDie lebenszyklusbasierte Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung – das „Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment“ (LCSA) – ermöglicht die Bewertung sowohl positiver als auch negativer Auswirkungen von Produkten, beispielsweise Elektro-Autos, und Dienstleistungen über deren Lebenszyklus vom Ressourcenabbau bis hin zum „End of Life“. Die LCSA-Methode ergänzt die eindimensionale Ökobilanz oder ökologische Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung (Life Cycle Assessment – LCA) um die ökonomische Dimension der Lebenszykluskostenrechnung (Life Cycle Costing – LCC) und die Sozialbilanz (Social Life Cycle Assessment – S-LCA). Der Ansatz, anhand Ökologie, Ökonomie und Sozialem alle drei Ebenen der Nachhaltigkeit miteinander zu kombinieren, geht auf die „Produktlinienanalyse“ des deutschen Öko-Instituts zurück. Daraus abgeleitet wurde der weithin akzeptierte „Triple-Bottom-Line“ (TBL)-Ansatz, den Kloepffer und Finkbeiner in den Jahren 2008 bis 2011 in eine erste Definition für „Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment“ übersetzt haben. Das LCSA-Rahmenwerk, das seit 2008/2010 genutzt wird und das auf dem dreidimensionalen Nachhaltigkeitskonzept basiert, wird durch die folgende formale Gl. (37.1) beschrieben:
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Cirrincione, Laura, und Giorgia Peri. „Covering the Gap for an Effective Energy and Environmental Design of Green Roofs: Contributions from Experimental and Modelling Researches“. In Future City, 149–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71819-0_8.
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AbstractGreen roofs are components of the building envelope that have become increasingly popular in urban contexts because other than providing numerous environmental benefits they are also capable of reducing building energy consumption, especially in summer. However, despite all these advantages, green roofs are still affected by some limitations. Specifically, there are some gaps affecting the energy modelling consisting in the absence of a proper database, information (growth stage, leaf area index, and coverage ratio) relative to the different green roof plant species, which technicians could use in case of lack of actual field data to perform energy analysis of buildings equipped with green roofs. These gaps concern also environmental and economic assessments of such technology. In fact, the currently available green roof LCA and LCC studies seem to underestimate the role of the substrate on the overall environmental impact and the role of the disposal phase on the life cycle cost of the green roof. In this chapter, all these aspects are addressed, and contributions to their solution, which arose from both experimental and modelling research, carried out by the authors are presented.
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Agarski, Boris, Dejan Ubavin, Djordje Vukelic, Milana Ilic Micunovic und Igor Budak. „LCA in the Field of Safety at Work: A New Engineering Study Subject“. In Towards a Sustainable Future - Life Cycle Management, 173–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77127-0_16.
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AbstractLife cycle assessment (LCA) is a standardised and comprehensive approach for evaluation of environmental impacts within the material and energy flows associated with various human activities and through the life cycle stages. Besides environmental impact evaluation, with LCA, costs, social impacts, impacts on workers, organisations and others can also be assessed. This paper focuses on development of educational framework for evaluation of occupational safety based on LCA. The goal is to develop a new study subject “LCA in the field of safety at work” for the occupational safety engineering master study programme at the Faculty of Technical Sciences in Novi Sad. New study subject is based on LCA approaches that evaluate the occupational safety and impact on workers. Based on the previous research of LCA in the field of occupational safety, the goal, outcome, content and realisation are defined for the new study subject.
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Chiang, Yachi. „The Legitimacy and Effectiveness of Local Content Requirements: A Case of the Offshore Wind Power Industry in Taiwan“. In Springer Climate, 119–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24545-9_8.
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AbstractThis study begins with a background introduction to the development of the offshore wind power industry and the local content requirement policies in Taiwan. Subsequently, it discusses the conflict and exceptions between local content requirement (LCR) policies and World Trade Organization (WTO) rules, further to probe into the pros and cons discussed in the literature about LCR policies, with particular emphasis on the energy sector. In the conclusion and policy recommendations section, the author suggests that the effectiveness of LCR policies differs across countries, and that the Taiwanese government should find its own way on a trial-and-error basis. It should also be considered that the government could align the LCR policies with the WTO framework to avoid conflict by designing them more carefully.
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Bałdowska-Witos, Patrycja, Robert Kasner und Andrzej Tomporowski. „Applying the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to Estimate the Environmental Impact of Selected Phases of a Production Process of Forming Bottles for Beverages“. In Towards a Sustainable Future - Life Cycle Management, 73–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77127-0_7.
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AbstractThe study concerns the current issues of the impact of packaging on the natural environment. The main goal was to analyse the life cycle (LC) of a beverage bottle made of polyethylene terephthalate. The functional unit comprised a total of 1000 PET bottles with a capacity of 1 l. The limit of the adopted system included steps from the moment of delivery of preforms to the production plant until they were properly shaped in the process of forming beverage bottles. Excluded from the system were the further stages of the production process, such as beverage bottling, labelling or storage/distribution. The processes related to the transport and storage of the raw material were also excluded. The LCA analysis was performed using the program of the Dutch company Pre Consultants called SimaPro 8.4.0. The “ReCiPe 2016” method was selected for the interpretation of lists of emitted chemicals. The results of the tests were presented graphically on bar charts and verified and interpreted.
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Yamagiwa, Shinichi. „Stream-Based Lossless Data Compression“. In Sublinear Computation Paradigm, 391–410. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4095-7_16.
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AbstractIn this chapter, we introduce aspects of applying data-compression techniques. First, we study the background of recent communication data paths. The focus of this chapter is a fast lossless data-compression mechanism that handles data streams completely. A data stream comprises continuous data with no termination of the massive data generated by sources such as movies and sensors. In this chapter, we introduce LCA-SLT and LCA-DLT, which accept the data streams, as well as several implementations of these stream-based compression techniques. We also show optimization techniques for optimal implementation in hardware.
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Jacob, Maria, Cláudia Neves und Danica Vukadinović Greetham. „Short Term Load Forecasting“. In Forecasting and Assessing Risk of Individual Electricity Peaks, 15–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28669-9_2.
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Abstract Electrification of transport and heating, and the integration of low carbon technologies (LCT) is driving the need to know when and how much electricity is being consumed and generated by consumers. It is also important to know what external factors influence individual electricity demand.
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Michelsen, Ottar, Christofer Skaar und Annik Magerholm Fet. „From Waste to Value: A Story About Life Cycle Management in the Furniture Industry“. In Business Transitions: A Path to Sustainability, 145–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22245-0_14.
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AbstractThis case focuses on the use of the CapSEM Model by the Norwegian furniture industry, beginning with efforts that raised sustainability awareness through a series of case studies over a period of more than 10 years. It started with a Cleaner Production (CP) programme for a group of furniture companies in a small community. The goal for another case study running in parallel with the CP-project, was to define a common set of Environmental Performance Indicators (EPIs) for reporting purposes for both the companies and the municipality to reduce waste and improve its treatment according to circular principles. While CP is at Level 1, EPIs and reporting is on level 3 and 4 in the CapSEM Model. In the furniture sector, the CP-programme led to capacity building by integrating Level 2 methods such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) into their daily work processes. LCA was used for product improvements based on hot spots detected through the analyses, and also to generate Environmental Performance Declarations (EPDs) for products. The implementation of these new procedures was integrated into the organisation’s strategic work through certified Environmental Management System (EMS). In addition to a demonstration of a gradual shift from Levels 1, 2 and 3, the case also describes the benefits of building cooperative communities (Level 4) that include sectoral, regional, and academic participants. The Level 4 activities were originally initiated by a Norwegian Local Agenda 21 programme.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "AlSb LCQ"
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Lu, B., und P. Gu. „Systematic Life Cycle Design for Sustainable Product Development“. In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dfm-48141.
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Sustainable product development (SPD) requires that product design achieves minimum or zero environmental impact, in addition to satisfying the traditional design criteria such as product functionality, quality, features, costs and time to market. Therefore, the environmental evaluations must be incorporated into design stage. In this research, a product design process model was proposed which includes three design requirements, two design tasks, and three comprehensive assessment streams. The functional requirement is derived from the customer needs to reflect the product’s functional purpose; the environmental requirement reflects the society’s needs of protecting natural resources and environment; and the economic requirement is to ensure the company’s basic business goals. Accordingly, SPD aims to simultaneously carry out two tasks of designing products’ physical structures and lifecycle structures. In the assessment phase of product design, three assessment streams, lifecycle quality (LCQ) analysis, lifecycle assessment (LCA), and lifecycle cost (LCC) are conducted with respect to the functional, environmental, and economic evaluations. A Process-Based Analysis concept is proposed for analysis of all three dimensions of LCQ, LCA, and LCC evaluations. Simplified LCA was used for environmental evaluations. The detailed assessment techniques are also developed for effective design evaluations. A case study will be provided to illustrate the methods and models.
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Ruzhnikov, Alexey, Valerian Guillot und Mauricio Corona. „Real-Time Evaluation of the Lost Circulation Zone Based on a Changepoint Analysis of the Mechanical Specific Energy and Standpipe Pressure“. In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-24471-ms.
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Abstract There are multiple mechanisms that may drive a lost circulation event while drilling a well. Efficiently dealing with those events requires that the operations team quickly get an understanding of subsurface conditions that caused the event. Globally, some lost circulation events are cured by basic lost circulation materials (LCM) / bridging, while others fail to be cured even after days of attempts with lost circulation cement plugs (LCP) and novel materials. The aperture of the lost circulation zone (LCZ) remains unknow in most of the cases unless open hole logs ran to identify it. The standard approach to cure the losses is to start with less aggressive materials followed by more aggressive, and the curing based on the field practices, rather being linked to the potential opening of LCZs. The manuscript will investigate the hypothesis that the lost circulation events related to penetration of large, connected, open cavities (karsts) can be characterized, and those large open cavities can be identified in near-real time by analyzing the dynamic drilling parameters with help of Machine Learning. There are different mechanisms that are driving the lost circulation events. Within the same formation some of lost circulation zones can be easily cured with LCM/LCP, others require more effort and time and may be uncurable. The invention proposes a workflow and an algorithm to detect from dynamic drilling parameters what is the likely mechanism at play, and whether the lost zone is curable. Large fracture and dissolution cavities will have different mechanical properties, and drilling through those features will require significantly less energy than through a competent rock formation. They are also discrete events within a geological formation, and therefore will have outlier mechanical properties within a formation. The test was performed in over 300 wells, across different lost circulation zones (some wells had several zones). The developed algorithm was incorporated into the software in Real-time Monitoring center, allowing near real-time estimation of the aperture to decide regarding the LCM or LCP to be used. The results showed that in upper sections the multiple lost circulations zones presented with different thickness. The majority of the identified karsts are within range of 2-to-8 ft, with some going over 10 ft. In the deeper formations LCZ with the aperture of 4-to-9 ft were identified. The interesting part was related to the significant difference between MSE while drilling competent formation and the lost circulation zone, when MSE values were dropping almost to zero. The manuscript provides the novel approach allowing to use machine learning to identify the aperture of the lost circulation based on the real time parameters. The proposed approach can be used at any drilling project worldwide.
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Beijer Lundberg, Anders. „LCA Design Considerations for Cyclically Loaded Piles in Railway Infrastructure“. In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.003.
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Future development of high-speed railways in Sweden will likely contain a large amount of piled structures, both bridges and piled embankments. Railway tracks used in high-speed railways are highly sensitive to settlements, in comparison to standard railway systems. The possible long-term settlement of the piles is therefore of large interest for the life- Cycle Analysis (LCA) of the railway system, since frequent repair of the track increases the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) of the system. This issue has not previously been the main concern in pile design, and therefore requires special attention as an internal part of the railway support system. The design considerations related to the cyclic axial loading of piles are here analyzed in brief, and typical soil conditions are discussed to illuminate possible problems of practical design for these types of piles and how it can be addressed in practical design. The concept of LCA and LCC for the long-term structural response of cyclically loaded piles is also considered.
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Yatomi, Masataka, Akio Fuji, Noriko Saito und Toshiaki Yoshida. „An Approach for Cost Effective Assessment in Risk-Based Maintenance as a Life-Cycle Maintenance (LCM) Model“. In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-3003.
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For aged power plants in Japan, the life extension with retaining the safety and cost-effective beyond the original design lifetime is proposed. Therefore it is important to minimise the risk and maintenance cost to keep operating the plants. Life-Cycle Maintenance (LCM) is proposed for optimising maintenance plan with reliability in the life of the plants. Risk Based Maintenance (RBM) is included in the LCM to assess the risk of components in the plants. LCC and the investment assessment may be also conducted to decide the most cost effective maintenance strategy, if several maintenance strategies are proposed in RBM. In this paper, concept and an application of the LCM are described to optimise maintenance plan in the lifetime of a plant. It was found that the LCM is quite useful method to plan the most cost effective maintenance strategies in the lifetime of the plant.
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Rajput, Charul, Maheshanand Bhaintwal und Ramakrishna Bandi. „On cyclic LRC codes that are also LCD codes“. In 2020 5th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Security (ICCCS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccs49678.2020.9277014.
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Love, Gordon D., Sergio R. Restaino, Richard A. Carreras, Gary C. Loos, Ray M. Sharpies und Rob V. Morrison. „High Quality Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulators for Adaptive Optics“. In Adaptive Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/adop.1995.thb2.
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Our work involves investigating adaptive wavefront correctors which may be used as alternatives to the deformable mirror in an adaptive optics system. Liquid crystal spatial light modulators (LC–SLMs) have several advantages over deformable mirrors, and also some problems of their own, as discussed in ref [1]. Much of the past work on LCs has centered around using modified LG displays which were not designed as high quality optical elements. In this paper we describe results produced using a LC-SLM which was designed specifically for wavefront correction and shaping.
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Orlandi, Rachele, Valentina Filice, Marco Fabbrini, Luca Fantaccione, Martina Pucciarelli, Angela Serra, Giacomo Ragni und Francesco Fantozzi. „Multi-Objective Conceptual Design of Turboexpander Subsystems: Inner Casings, a Case Study“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2023: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2023-100463.
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Abstract Turbomachinery design typically foresees three different phases: conceptual, preliminary and detailed. Conceptual design is the first stage of industrial design process, providing mainly the architectures down-selection. Traditionally, this phase is driven by the target “performance” as the main goal to be achieved. Therefore, the design team sketches an early configuration looking at this goal. Performances can be affected by material and geometry changes, manufacturing technology and engine architecture. Conceptual design phase is dramatically important, as the outcome of the down selection will not only affect performances, but also other important parameters like ”cost” and “environmental impact”. Moreover, in conceptual phase the configuration is still under definition and the designer has the highest flexibility in defining and then designing the product. Cost and environmental sustainability are comparable to performance as drivers in industrial design process from the earliest stage. Connections between performance, cost and carbon footprint (CF) are fundamental in decision making and down-selection process. Usually, cost estimations are tailored to each design and technical requirements, to give an assessment of the costs from the buyer’s point of view. Assessment of the environmental impacts can be carried out by means of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology (ISO 14040: 2006, ISO 14044:2006), looking at the whole life cycle of the product. Therefore, as boundary definition can be different, there is a possibility that cost estimation and LCA results are not consistent with each other due to different system boundaries, leading to misinformed decisions. To overcome this issue, the principles underlying the environmental Life Cycle Costing (e-LCC) method can be used (Hunkeler et al. 2008). It integrates both LCA and LCC studies, based on the same functional unit and system boundaries. This article will present a case study of a supercritical CO2 turboexpander inner casings’ subsystem conceptual design and architecture down selection to propose an approach for maximizing product’s sustainability and performance. Results show the relevance of the geographical location of suppliers on the CF, as well as how small changes on the overstock materials could lead to a relevant change in costs.
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Guha, Shekhar, M. Mohebi, Eric W. Van Stryland und M. J. Soileau. „Power limiting and self-focusing in nonlinearly absorbing liquid crystalline media“. In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.wq4.
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Picosecond optical limiting below 10 kW was observed in five isotropic phase-shift base liquid crystals (LCs) at 532 nm using 20-ps laser pulses. The limiting power in each was about the same as that in CS2 (8 kW) at this wavelength. The nonlinear refractive index n2 for the LCs was more than five times smaller than that of CS2, and the limiting originated mainly from two-photon absorption. Two-photon absorption coefficients (β) were measured for the LC samples at 532 nm. At 1064 nm no nonlinear absorption was observed and the values of n2 for these samples were also measured at that wavelength. The well-known theory of self-focusing was extended to include two-photon absorption. This theory was used, together with the measured β and n2, to predict the power limiting performance of these materials. The theory also predicted a self-focusing effect arising from purely two-photon absorption which is at present under experimental investigation. The LCs used are similar in composition to the widely used MBBA (p-methoxy benzylidene p-n-butylanilene) but lack the oxygen atom and are isotropic at room temperature. These materials can be used in building fast nonlinear optical devices, in addition to the power limiter described here.
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Heath, Garvin, Craig Turchi, Terese Decker, John Burkhardt und Chuck Kutscher. „Life Cycle Assessment of Thermal Energy Storage: Two-Tank Indirect and Thermocline“. In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90402.
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In the United States, concentrating solar power (CSP) is one of the most promising renewable energy (RE) technologies for reduction of electric sector greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and for rapid capacity expansion. It is also one of the most price-competitive RE technologies, thanks in large measure to decades of field experience and consistent improvements in design. One of the key design features that makes CSP more attractive than many other RE technologies, like solar photovoltaics and wind, is the potential for including relatively low-cost and efficient thermal energy storage (TES), which can smooth the daily fluctuation of electricity production and extend its duration into the evening peak hours or longer. Because operational environmental burdens are typically small for RE technologies, life cycle assessment (LCA) is recognized as the most appropriate analytical approach for determining their environmental impacts of these technologies, including CSP. An LCA accounts for impacts from all stages in the development, operation, and decommissioning of a CSP plant, including such upstream stages as the extraction of raw materials used in system components, manufacturing of those components, and construction of the plant. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is undertaking an LCA of modern CSP plants, starting with those of parabolic trough design. Our LCA follows the guidelines described in the international standard series ISO 14040-44 [1]. To support this effort, we are comparing the life-cycle environmental impacts of two TES designs: two-tank, indirect molten salt and indirect thermocline. To put the environmental burden of the TES system in perspective, one recent LCA that considered a two-tank, indirect molten salt TES system on a parabolic trough CSP plant found that the TES component can account for approximately 40% of the plant’s non-operational GHG emissions [2]. As emissions associated with plant construction, operation and decommissioning are generally small for RE technologies, this analysis focuses on estimating the emissions embodied in the production of the materials used in the TES system. A CSP plant that utilizes an indirect, molten salt, TES system transfers heat from the solar field’s heat transfer fluid (HTF) to the binary molten salts of the TES system via several heat exchangers. The “cold tank” receives the heat from the solar field HTF and conveys it to the “hot tank” via another series of heat exchangers. The hot tank stores the thermal energy for power generation later in the day. A thermocline TES system is a potentially attractive alternative because it replaces the hot and cold tanks with a thermal gradient within a single tank that significantly reduces the quantity of materials required for the same amount of thermal storage. An additional advantage is that the thermocline design can replace much of the expensive molten salt with a low-cost quartzite rock or sand filler material. This LCA is based on a detailed cost specification for a 50 MWe CSP plant with six hours of molten salt thermal storage, which utilizes an indirect, two-tank configuration [3]. This cost specification, and subsequent conversations with the author, revealed enough information to estimate weights of materials (reinforcing steel, concrete, etc.) used in all components of the specified two-tank TES system. To estimate embodied GHG emissions per kilogram of each material, two life cycle inventory (LCI) databases were consulted: EcoInvent v2.0 [4], which requires materials mass data as input, and the US Economic Input-Output LCA database [5], which requires cost data as input. IPCC default global warming potentials (GWPs) give the greenhouse potential of each gas relative to that of carbon dioxide [6]. Where certain materials specified in Kelly [3] were not available in the LCI databases, the closest available proxy for those materials was selected based on such factors as peak process temperature, and similar input materials and process technology. The thermocline system was modeled using the two-tank system design as the foundation, from which materials were subtracted or substituted based on the differences and similarities of design [7]. Table 1 summarizes the results of our evaluation. Embodied emissions of GHGs from the materials used in the 6-hour, 50 MWe two-tank system are estimated to be 17,100 MTCO2e. Analogous emissions for the thermocline system are less than half of those for the two-tank: 7890 MTCO2e. The reduction of salt inventory associated with a thermocline design thus reduces both storage cost and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions. While construction-, operation- and decommissioning-related emissions are not included in this assessment, we do not expect any differences between the two system designs to significantly affect the relative results reported here. Sensitivity analysis on choices of proxy materials for the nitrate salts and calcium silicate insulation also do not significantly affect the relative results.
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Bartocci, Pietro, Gianni Bidini, Paolo Laranci, Mauro Zampilli, Michele D'Amico und Francesco Fantozzi. „Environmental Impact on the Life Cycle for Turbine Based Biomass CHP Plants“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-76856.
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Biomass CHP plants represent a viable option to produce distributed energy in a sustainable way when the overall environmental benefit is appraised on the whole life cycle. CHP plants for bioenergy conversion may consist of a gasification (IGC – Integrated Gasification Cycle) or pyrolysis (IPRP – Integrated Pyrolysis Regenerated Plant) pre-treatment unit, producing a syngas that feeds an internal combustion engine or a gas turbine. The external combustion mode is also an option, where exhaust gases from biomass combustion provide heat to either a traditional steam cycle, an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) or an EFGT (Externally Fired Gas Turbine). This paper focuses specifically on turbines based technologies and provides a LCA comparison of 4 main technologies suitable for the small scale, namely: EFMGT, ORC, IGC and IPRP. The comparison is carried out considering 3 different biomasses, namely a Short Rotation Forestry, an agricultural residue and an agro industrial residue at 2 different scales: micro scale (100 kw) and small scale (1 MW), being higher scales barely sustainable on the life cycle. From data derived from the Literature or experimental campaign (tests at the IPRP and gasification facilities at the University Perugia), LCA analysis were carried out and the different scenarios were compared based on two impact categories: global warming and human health. Input and output of the derived LCI are referred to the functional unit of 1 kWh electric for upstream, core and downstream processes. Results show the contribution of main processes and are discussed comparing scale, technology and feedstock.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "AlSb LCQ"
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Küsters, Ralf, und Ralf Molitor. Computing Least Common Subsumers in ALEN. Aachen University of Technology, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.110.
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Computing the least common subsumer (lcs) in description logics is an inference task first introduced for sublanguages of CLASSIC. Roughly speaking, the lcs of a set of concept descriptions is the most specific concept description that subsumes all of the input descriptions. As such, the lcs allows to extract the commonalities from given concept descriptions, a task essential for several applications like, e.g., inductive learning, information retrieval, or the bottom-up construction of KR-knowledge bases. Previous work on the lcs has concentrated on description logics that either allow for number restrictions or for existential restrictions. Many applications, however, require to combine these constructors. In this work, we present an lcs algorithm for the description logic ALEN, which allows for both constructors (as well as concept conjunction, primitive negation, and value restrictions). The proof of correctness of our lcs algorithm is based on an appropriate structural characterization of subsumption in ALEN also introduced in this paper.
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Küsters, Ralf, und Ralf Molitor. Computing Least Common Subsumers in ALEN. Aachen University of Technology, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.110.
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Computing the least common subsumer (lcs) in description logics is an inference task first introduced for sublanguages of CLASSIC. Roughly speaking, the lcs of a set of concept descriptions is the most specific concept description that subsumes all of the input descriptions. As such, the lcs allows to extract the commonalities from given concept descriptions, a task essential for several applications like, e.g., inductive learning, information retrieval, or the bottom-up construction of KR-knowledge bases. Previous work on the lcs has concentrated on description logics that either allow for number restrictions or for existential restrictions. Many applications, however, require to combine these constructors. In this work, we present an lcs algorithm for the description logic ALEN, which allows for both constructors (as well as concept conjunction, primitive negation, and value restrictions). The proof of correctness of our lcs algorithm is based on an appropriate structural characterization of subsumption in ALEN also introduced in this paper.
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Baader, Franz. A Graph-Theoretic Generalization of the Least Common Subsumer and the Most Specific Concept in the Description Logic EL. Technische Universität Dresden, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.139.
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In two previous papers we have investigates the problem of computing the least common subsumer (lcs) and the most specific concept (msc) for the description logic EL in the presence of terminological cycles that are interpreted with descriptive semantics, which is the usual first-order semantics for description logics. In this setting, neither the lcs nor the msc needs to exist. We were able to characterize the cases in which the lcs/msc exists, but it was not clear whether this characterization yields decidability of the existence problem. In the present paper, we develop a common graph-theoretic generalization of these characterizations, and show that the resulting property is indeed decidable, thus yielding decidability of the existence of the lcs and the msc. This is achieved by expressing the property in monadic second-order logic on infinite trees. We also show that, if it exists, then the lcs/msc can be computed in polynomial time.
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Archibeque, Ben, Kari O'Connell, Isabel Delgado, Christopher Nytch, Nancy Merlo und Emily Ortiz Franco. Public Engagement with Science at Luquillo-Long-Term Ecological Research Program: Results from a Case Study. Oregon State University, Juli 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/osu/1174.
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The goals of this work are to a) understand community perspectives related to public engagement with science and the Luquillo Long Term Ecological Research (LUQ-LTER) program, b) enhance existing relationships within these communities, and c) illuminate opportunities for establishing new relationships between the LUQ-LTER program and its surrounding community. We share results from our case study that includes three methods of data collection: interviews with natural resource managers, a community conversation activity with 12 local community organizations, and a survey given at a public outreach event at El Portal de El Yunque. From interviews with natural resource managers, we learned they are looking for collaborations which directly benefit the resources they manage (forests, water, etc.), and they are also hoping for more formal communication structures between them and the LUQ-LTER. Sixty percent of the organizations at the Community Conversation shared that the most valuable outcome was learning that LUQ-LTER existed .All participants expressed interest in collaborating with the LUQ-LTER and said that LUQ-LTER’s long term ecological data could be beneficial for them to use and LUQ-LTER could be a productive context to share data they gather to heighten utility in all directions. From a survey given at the International Day of Forests Celebration, we learned that most people present at the activity came to the El Yunque National Forest to learn about the forest, spend time with family, or enjoy the forest. We also learned that during previous visits to El Yunque, they most commonly either day hiked or visited a geographical feature (waterfall or observation tower). When asked about which activities they would like to have happen in the future in El Yunque, most people indicated high levels of interest in having educational activities (like festivals or flora and fauna workshops), workshops or training on environmental issues, and night tours. The volunteer opportunities for which the most people indicated highest levels of interest were trail, camp, and related maintenance as well as fish and wildlife opportunities. Overall, everyone we talked to was interested in more collaboration and working together in the future, giving the LUQ-LTER program an excellent starting point for building stronger relationships with the community surrounding their site.
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McClenaghan, M. B., D. M. Brushett, R. C. Paulen, C. Beckett-Brown, J M Rice, A. Haji Egeh und A. Nissen. Critical metal indicator mineral studies of till samples collected around the Brazil Lake LCT pegmatite, southwest Nova Scotia. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331537.
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This report describes field work carried out as part of the Geological Survey of Canada's Targeted Geoscience Initiative indicator mineral research activities at the Brazil Lake Li-Cs-Ta pegmatites in southwest Nova Scotia. This research is being undertaken in partnership with the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources and Renewables (NSDNRR). In the fall of 2022, 44 till samples were collected around and down-ice of the Brazil Lake Li-Cs-Ta pegmatites to document the geochemical and indicator mineral signatures of the pegmatites in the till. In 2020, 2021, and earlier in the summer of 2022, 105 till samples were collected across southwest Nova Scotia by the NSDNRR to provide regional context for the interpretation of the 44 case study samples. Till samples were also collected at the Salmon River beach section ~25 km north of Yarmouth where a thick coastal exposure (> 20 m) contains multiple till units that reflect several phases of glacial deposition and shifting ice-flow directions across southwest Nova Scotia. These section samples will provide insight and additional details on the regional glacial context.
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Haubrich, Julia, Sarah Benz, Ullrich Isermann, Beat Schäffer, Rainer Schmid, Dirk Schreckenberg, Jean Marc Wunderli und Rainer Guski. Leq+X - Lärmexposition, Ereignishäufigkeiten und Belästigung: Re-Analyse von Daten zur Belästigung und Schlafstörung durch Fluglärm an deutschen und Schweizer Flughäfen. Universitätsbibliothek der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46586/rub.164.139.
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In this study, part of the data sets from 4 large Swiss and German aircraft noise impact studies are re-analysed using logistic multi-level regression models. The aim is to investigate the assumptions that the prediction of a) the percentage of persons highly annoyed by aircraft noise or b) the percentage of persons highly sleep disturbed by aircraft noise can be improved if (i) instead of the energy-equivalent continuous noise level alone, either additional or alternative, more frequency-based aircraft noise metrics and (ii) also airport-specific characteristics are used as predictors. The results support both assumptions; both regarding the percentage of persons highly annoyed and regarding the percentage of persons highly sleep disturbed.
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Brushett, D. M., C. E. Beckett-Brown, M. B. McClenaghan, R. C. Paulen, J. M. Rice, A. Haji Egeh und P. Pelchat. Till geochemical data for the Brazil Lake pegmatite area, southwest Nova Scotia, Canada (NTS 21-A/04, 20-O/16 and 20-P/13): samples collected in 2020, 2021, and 2022. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332384.
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This open file reports geochemical data for till samples collected as a part of a till geochemical and surficial mapping project around the Brazil Lake lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT-type) pegmatite in southwestern Nova Scotia (NTS map sheets 21A/04, 20O/16 and 20P/13). The global rise in lithium demand has motivated the Geological Survey of Canada's (GSC) recent investigations of the Brazil Lake pegmatites to study surficial geochemistry methods that can be used to explore for lithium and associated critical minerals (i.e., Cs, Ta, Be, In, Sn, W). These types of deposits are important sources of lithium, tin, and rubidium and the primary source of tantalum. This research at Brazil Lake is being undertaken as part of the GSC's Targeted Geoscience Initiative Program and has been carried out in partnership with the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources and Renewables (NSDNRR). The goals of the research are to increase exploration success in regions covered by glacial sediments by documenting how critical minerals and associated elements are glacially dispersed in till from pegmatites at the Brazil Lake property. Newly available LiDAR data assisted in deciphering ice flow trajectories, which in turn, allowed for targeted till sampling. A total of 184 till samples were collected for till geochemistry in 2020, 2021 and 2022 and the data reported here include widely spaced regional samples collected across southwest Nova Scotia, proximal samples collected up-ice, overlying, and down-ice of the Brazil Lake pegmatites. The widely spaced till samples provide the regional context for the interpretation of the case study samples and assess the potential for additional pegmatites buried by extensive till cover. Data reported in this Open File include sample descriptions, location, site photos, and geochemical analyses of the coarse sand (1.0 - 2.0 mm) and silt + clay (<0.063 mm) fractions. For the 2020 samples only, the <0.002 mm (clay) fraction was also analyzed. Analyses over the 3 years (2020-2021-2022) include various combinations of different digestions or fusions to test and compare their efficacy for the various pathfinder elements for LCT pegmatites: aqua regia (partial) digestion, 2) Na peroxide fusion (total), 3) 4-acid (near total) digestion, 4) Li-meta/tetraborate fusion, 5) loss on ignition, and 6) portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF).
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Lehotay, Steven J., und Aviv Amirav. Fast, practical, and effective approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695587.bard.
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Background to the topic: For food safety and security reasons, hundreds of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and environmental pollutants should be monitored in the food supply, but current methods are too time-consuming, laborious, and expensive. As a result, only a tiny fraction of the food is tested for a limited number of contaminants. Original proposal objectives: Our main original goal was to develop fast, practical, and effective new approaches for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. We proposed to extend the QuEChERS approach to more pesticides, veterinary drugs and pollutants, further develop GC-MS and LC-MS with SMB and combine QuEChERS with GC-SMB-MS and LC-SMB-EI-MS to provide the “ultimate” approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in food. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: The original QuEChERS method was validated for more than 200 pesticide residues in a variety of food crops. For the few basic pesticides for which the method gave lower recoveries, an extensive solvent suitability study was conducted, and a buffering modification was made to improve results for difficult analytes. Furthermore, evaluation of the QuEChERS approach for fatty matrices, including olives and its oil, was performed. The QuEChERS concept was also extended to acrylamide analysis in foods. Other advanced techniques to improve speed, ease, and effectiveness of chemical residue analysis were also successfully developed and/or evaluated, which include: a simple and inexpensive solvent-in-silicone-tube extraction approach for highly sensitive detection of nonpolar pesticides in GC; ruggedness testing of low-pressure GC-MS for 3-fold faster separations; optimization and extensive evaluation of analyte protectants in GC-MS; and use of prototypical commercial automated direct sample introduction devices for GC-MS. GC-MS with SMB was further developed and combined with the Varian 1200 GCMS/ MS system, resulting in a new type of GC-MS with advanced capabilities. Careful attention was given to the subject of GC-MS sensitivity and its LOD for difficult to analyze samples such as thermally labile pesticides or those with weak or no molecular ions, and record low LOD were demonstrated and discussed. The new approach of electron ionization LC-MS with SMB was developed, its key components of sample vaporization nozzle and flythrough ion source were improved and was evaluated with a range of samples, including carbamate pesticides. A new method and software based on IAA were developed and tested on a range of pesticides in agricultural matrices. This IAA method and software in combination with GC-MS and SMB provide extremely high confidence in sample identification. A new type of comprehensive GCxGC (based on flow modulation) was uniquely combined with GC-MS with SMB, and we demonstrated improved pesticide separation and identification in complex agricultural matrices using this novel approach. An improved device for aroma sample collection and introduction (SnifProbe) was further developed and favorably compared with SPME for coffee aroma sampling. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: We succeeded in achieving significant improvements in the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply, from easy sample preparation approaches, through sample analysis by advanced new types of GC-MS and LCMS techniques, all the way to improved data analysis by lowering LOD and providing greater confidence in chemical identification. As a result, the combination of the QuEChERS approach, new and superior instrumentation, and the novel monitoring methods that were developed will enable vastly reduced time and cost of analysis, increased analytical scope, and a higher monitoring rate. This provides better enforcement, an added impetus for farmers to use good agricultural practices, improved food safety and security, increased trade, and greater consumer confidence in the food supply.
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Galili, Gad, Harry J. Klee und Asaph Aharoni. Elucidating the impact of enhanced conversion of primary to secondary metabolism on phenylpropanoids secondary metabolites associated with flavor, aroma and health in tomato fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, Januar 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597920.bard.
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• Targeted manipulating Phenylalanine (Phe) synthesis is one of the most powerful strategies to boost the biologically and economically important secondary metabolites, including phenylpropaniods, aromatic volatiles and specialized secondary metabolites. • Over-expression of the petunia MYB transcript factor, ODORANT1 (ODO1), results in significant alterations of the levels of specific phenylpropanoid compounds in plants. • Our previous studies indicated that ectopic expression of the feedback-insensitive AroG could break the bottleneck between primary and secondary metabolisms in tomato, thereby aiding in producing new tomato composition and identifying the unknown roles of multiple key regulators in specialized metabolism. Therefore, combining the AroG and ODO1 is of particular interest for elucidating the combined regulatory role of both of these genes in the Phe metabolic pathway, as well as generating tomato fruits that contain higher levels of secondary metabolites. • Here, we performed the LC-MS and GC-MS analyses on fruits of four tomato genotypes, namely, wild type tomato fruits as well as tomato fruits expressing the AroG, ODO1 and the combination of AroG plus ODO1 (AO) genotypes. Our results elaborated that the levels of many of the Phe-derived metabolites were predominately altered in fruits of the AO genotype, compared to tomato fruits expressing either AroG or ODO1 individually. The levels of most of these metabolites were significantly stimulated, such as Tyrosine (Tyr), coumaric acid and ferulic acid derived metabolites, but the levels of some important secondary metabolites were reduced in the AO transgenic genotypes as compared to either AroG or ODO1 lines. Nevertheless, our results also revealed that the levels of aromatic volatiles were obviously down regulated in the AO, compared to that in AroG transgenic fruits, but were boosted while compared to the wild type and ODO1 transgenic fruits. • Our results suggest that ODO1 expression may also have a negative effect on the production of some of the aromatic volatiles in tomato fruits, indicating that ODO1 acts as an important regulator of the shikimate pathway, which leads to the production of the aromatic amino acids and secondary metabolites derived from them. Key words: AroG, ODO1, tomato, metabolism, shikimate pathway
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Tucker, Mark L., Shimon Meir, Amnon Lers, Sonia Philosoph-Hadas und Cai-Zhong Jiang. Elucidation of signaling pathways that regulate ethylene-induced leaf and flower abscission of agriculturally important plants. United States Department of Agriculture, Januar 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597929.bard.
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The Problem: Abscission is a highly regulated process, occurring as a natural terminal stage of development, in which various organs are separated from the parent plant. In most plant species, the process is initiated by a decrease in active auxin in the abscission zone (AZ) and an increase in ethylene, and may be accelerated by postharvest or environmental stresses. Another potential key regulator in abscission is IDA (Inflorescence Deficient in Abscission), which was identified as an essential peptide signal for floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis. However, information is still lacking regarding the molecular mechanisms integrating all these regulators. In our previous BARD funded research we made substantial progress towards understanding these molecular events in tomato, and the study is still in progress. We established a powerful platform for analysis of genes for regulatory proteins expressed in AZ. We identified changes in gene expression for several transcription factors (TFs) directly linked to ethylene and auxin signaling and several additional regulatory proteins not so obviously linked to these hormones. Moreover, we demonstrated using a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assay that several play a functional role in the onset of abscission. Based on these results we have selected 14 genes for further analysis in stably transformed tomato plants. All 14 genes were suppressed by RNA interference (RNAi) using a constitutive promoter, and 5 of them were also suppressed using an abscission-specific promoter. Transformations are currently at different stages of progress including some lines that already display an abscission phenotype. Objectives: We propose here to (1) complete the functional analysis of the stably transformed tomato plants with T2 lines and perform transcriptome analysis using custom abscission-specific microarrays; (2) conduct an indepth analysis of the role of IDA signaling in tomato leaf and flower abscission; (3) perform transcriptome and proteome analyses to extend the earlier gene expression studies to identify transcripts and proteins that are highly specific to the separation layer (i.e., target cells for cell separation) prior to the onset of abscission; (4) extend and compliment the work in tomato using a winnowed set of genes in soybean. Methodology: Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of mRNA will be used to further increase the list of abscission-associated genes, and for preparation of a custom tomato abscission microarray to test altered gene expression in transgenic plants. Tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of protein extracts from leaf petiole, flower pedicel and their AZ tissues will be used to identify the proteome of the AZ before and during abscission. AZ-specific gene promoters will be used in stably transformed tomato plants to reduce non-target phenotypes. The bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) plasmid vectors will be used for VIGS analysis in soybean. Expected Contribution: Our study will provide new insights into the regulation of ethylene-induced abscission by further revealing the role of key regulators in the process. This will permit development of novel techniques for manipulating leaf and flower abscission, thereby improving the postharvest performance of agriculturally important crops.