Dissertationen zum Thema „Algorithmique et combinatoire des monoïdes“
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Charles, Balthazar. „Combinatorics and computations : Cartan matrices of monoids & minimal elements of Shi arrangements“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG063.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis presents an investigation into two distinct combinatorial subjects: the effective computation of Cartan matrices in monoid representation theory and the exploration of properties of minimal elements in Shi arrangements of Coxeter groups. Although disparate, both of these research focuses share a commonality in the utilization of combinatorial methods and computer exploration either as an end in itself for the former or as a help to research for the latter. In the first part of the dissertation, we develop methods for the effective computation of character tables and Cartan matrices in monoid representation theory. To this end, we present an algorithm based on our results for the efficient computations of fixed points under a conjugacy-like action, with the goal to implement Thiéry's formula for the Cartan matrix from [Thiéry '12]. After a largely self-contained introduction to the necessary background, we present our results for fixed-point counting, as well as a new formula for the character table of finite monoids. We evaluate the performance of the resulting algorithms in terms of execution time and memory usage and find that they are more efficient than algorithms not specialized for monoids by orders of magnitude. We hope that the resulting (public) implementation will contribute to the monoid representation community by allowing previously impractical computations. The second part of the thesis focuses on the properties of minimal elements in Shi arrangements. The Shi arrangements were introduced in [Shi '87] and are the object of Conjecture 2 from [Dyer, Hohlweg '14]. Originally motivated by this conjecture, we present two results. Firstly, a direct proof in the case of rank 3 groups. Secondly, in the special case of Weyl groups, we give a description of the minimal elements of the Shi regions by extending a bijection from [Athanasiadis, Linusson '99] and [Armstrong, Reiner, Rhoades '15] between parking functions and Shi regions. This allows for the effective computation of the minimal elements. From the properties of this computation, we provide a type-free proof of the conjecture in Weyl groups as an application. These results reveal an intriguing interplay between the non-nesting and non-crossing worlds in the case of classical Weyl groups
Gay, Joël. „Representation of Monoids and Lattice Structures in the Combinatorics of Weyl Groups“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS209/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlgebraic combinatorics is the research field that uses combinatorial methods and algorithms to study algebraic computation, and applies algebraic tools to combinatorial problems. One of the central topics of algebraic combinatorics is the study of permutations, interpreted in many different ways (as bijections, permutation matrices, words over integers, total orders on integers, vertices of the permutahedron…). This rich diversity of perspectives leads to the following generalizations of the symmetric group. On the geometric side, the symmetric group generated by simple transpositions is the canonical example of finite reflection groups, also called Coxeter groups. On the monoidal side, the simple transpositions become bubble sort operators that generate the 0-Hecke monoid, whose algebra is the specialization at q=0 of Iwahori’s q-deformation of the symmetric group. This thesis deals with two further generalizations of permutations. In the first part of this thesis, we first focus on partial permutations matrices, that is placements of pairwise non attacking rooks on a n by n chessboard, simply called rooks. Rooks generate the rook monoid, a generalization of the symmetric group. In this thesis we introduce and study the 0-Rook monoid, a generalization of the 0-Hecke monoid. Its algebra is a proper degeneracy at q = 0 of the q-deformed rook monoid of Solomon. We study fundamental monoidal properties of the 0-rook monoid (Green orders, lattice property of the R-order, J-triviality) which allow us to describe its representation theory (simple and projective modules, projectivity on the 0-Hecke monoid, restriction and induction along an inclusion map).Rook monoids are actually type A instances of the family of Renner monoids, which are completions of the Weyl groups (crystallographic Coxeter groups) for Zariski’s topology. In the second part of this thesis we extend our type A results to define and give a presentation of 0-Renner monoids in type B and D. This also leads to a presentation of the Renner monoids of type B and D, correcting a misleading presentation that appeared earlier in the litterature. As in type A we study the monoidal properties of the 0-Renner monoids of type B and D : they are still J-trivial but their R-order are not lattices anymore. We study nonetheless their representation theory and the restriction of projective modules over the corresponding 0-Hecke monoids. The third part of this thesis deals with different generalizations of permutations. In a recent series of papers, Châtel, Pilaud and Pons revisit the algebraic combinatorics of permutations (weak order, Malvenuto-Reutenauer Hopf algebra) in terms of the combinatorics of integer posets. This perspective encompasses as well the combinatorics of quotients of the weak order such as binary trees, binary sequences, and more generally the recent permutrees of Pilaud and Pons. We generalize the weak order on the elements of the Weyl groups. This enables us to describe the order on vertices of the permutahedra, generalized associahedra and cubes in the same unified context. These results are based on subtle properties of sums of roots in Weyl groups, and actually fail for non-crystallographic Coxeter groups
Lévy, Bruno. „Topologie Algorithmique : combinatoire et Plongement“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL094N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGély, Alain. „Algorithmique combinatoire : cliques, bicliques et systèmes implicatifs“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF22622.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDurand, Marianne. „Combinatoire analytique et algorithmique des ensembles de données“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000810.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePierrot, Adeline. „Combinatoire et algorithmique dans les classes de permutations“. Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077056.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is dedicated to the study of pattern closed classes of permutations. Algorithmic results are obtained thanks to a combinatorial study of permutation classes through their substitution decomposition. The first part of the thesis focuses on the structure of permutation classes. More precisely, we give an algorithm which derives a combinatorial specification for a permutation class given by its basis of excluded patterns. The specification is obtained if and only if the class contains a finite number of simple permutations, this condition being tested algorithmically. This algorithm takes its root in the theorem of Albert and Atkinson stating that every permutation class containing a finite number of simple permutations has a finite basis and an algebraic generating function, and its developments by Brignall and al. The methods involved make use of languages and automata theory, partially ordered sets and mandatory patterns. The second part of the thesis gives a polynomial algorithm deciding whether a permutation given as input is sortable trough two stacks in series. The existence of a polynomial algorithm answering this question is a problem that stayed open for a long time, which is solved in this thesis by introducing a new notion, the pushall sorting, which is a restriction of the general stack sorting. We first solve the decision problem in the particular case of the pushall sorting, by encoding the sorting procedures through a bicoloring of the diagrams of the permutations. Then we solve the general base by showing that a sorting procedure in the general case corresponds to several steps of pushall sorting which have to be compatible
Giroire, Frédéric. „Réseaux, algorithmique et analyse combinatoire de grands ensembles“. Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066530.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKane, Ladji. „Combinatoire et algorithmique des factorisations tangentes à l'identité“. Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132059/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCombinatorics has solved many problems in Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science, in return these domains inspire new questions to combinatorics. This memoir entitled "Combinatorics and algorithmics of factorization tangent to indentity includes several works on the combinatorial deformations of the shuffle product. The aim of this thesis is to write factorizations wich principal term is the identity through the use of tools relating mainly to combinatorics on the words (orderings, grading etc). In the classical case, let F be the free algebra. Due to the fact that F is an enveloping algebra, one has an exact factorization of the identity of End(F) = F⨶F as an infinite product of exponentials (End(F) being endowed with the shuffle product on the left and the concatenation on the right, a faithful representation of the convolution product) as follows : first on begins with a PBW basis, second one computes the family of coordinate forms and then non-trivial (combinatorial) properties of theses families in duality gives the factorization. Starting from the other side and writing the same product does give exactly identity only under very restrictive conditions that we clarify here. In many other (deformed) cases, the explicit construction of pairs of bases in duality requires combinatorial and algorithmic studies that we provide in this memoir
Chamboredon, Jérémy. „Algorithmique des tresses et de l’autodistributivité“. Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, we investigate algebraic properties for Artin's braid groups and self-distributive systems on the left, two objets which are linked. The first part is a syntactic analysis of Bressaud's normal formal for braids. The principal result is a translation in terms of rewriting systems of the existence of Bressaud's normal form, initially established by geometric methods. The second part deals with the embedding conjecture for self-distributivity, one of the principal open statements of the field. We discuss the various ways (including the computing ones) which could lead to this conjecture, and we establish some partial positive results
Lecouvey, Cédric. „Algorithmique et combinatoire des algèbres enveloppantes quantiques de type classique“. Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN2012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlbenque, Marie. „Tresses, animaux, cartes : à l'interaction entre combinatoire et probabilité“. Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077178.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe study in this work some objects lying on the boundary between combinatorics and probability. The first part deals with the enumeration of positive braids. Our most significant contribution here is an extension of Viennot's heaps of pieces theory to a wider frame which includes in particular Garside monoids, this leads to some new enumeration results for braid monoids. The second section is devoted to the link between enumeration of directed animals and hard particle gas models. The definition of cyclic Markov chains as well as some results about their convergence towards ordinary Markov chains enable us to give a unified presentation of enumeration of animals on various lattices and hence to provide a better understanding about the reliance between enumeration results and the form of the source. The third and last part deals with the stack triangulations and quadrangulations, and more precisely with their limiting behaviors when the number of vertices grows to infinity. The main contribution here are the local and Gromov-Hausdorff convergences and the asymptotic of the degree distribution for the maps under the uniform law and the convergence as metric space under the historical distribution. These results rely on numerous combinatorial and probabilistic tools: bijection between trees and maps, convergence towards Aldous' continuum random tree, subtle probabilistic study of some trees properties, fragmentation process, random urns model
Benachi, Saad. „Étude algorithmique des structures algébriques libres ou partiellement commutatives et mesure probabiliste du parallélisme“. Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10383.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGermain, Christian. „Etude algébrique, combinatoire et algorithmique de certaines structures non associatives (magmas, arbres, parenthésages)“. Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOS018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVirmaux, Aladin. „Théorie des représentations combinatoire de tours de monoïdes : Application à la catégorification et aux fonctions de parking“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS138/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is focused on combinatorical representation theory of finitemonoids within the field of algebraic combinatorics.A monoid $M$ is a finite set endowed with a multiplication and a neutralelement. A representation of $M$ is a morphism from $M$ into the monoid ofmatrices $M_n(ck)$ where $ck$ is a field; in this work it will typically bereferred to as $ck = CC$.The results obtained in the last decades allows us to use representation theoryof groups, and combinatorics on preorders in order to explore representationtheory of finite monoides.In 1996, Krob and Thibon proved that the induction and restriction rules ofirreducible and projective representations of the tower of $0$-Hecke monoidsendows its ring of caracters with a Hopf algebra structure, isomorph to thenon-commutative symmetric functions Hopf algebra $ncsf$. This gives acategorification of $ncsf$, which is an interpretation of the non-commutativesymmetruc functions in the language of representation theory. This extends atheorem of Frobenius endowing the character ring of symmetric groups to theHopf algebra of symmetric functions. Since then a natural problem is tocategorify other Hopf algebras -- for instance the Planar Binary Tree algebraof Loday and Ronco -- by a tower of algebras.Guessing such a tower of algebra is a difficult problem in general.In this thesis we restrict ourselves to towers of monoids in order to have abetter control on its representations. This is quite natural as on one hand,this setup covers both previous fundamental examples, whereas $ncsf$cannot be categorified in the restricted set of tower of group algebras.In the first part of this work, we start with some results about representationtheory of towers of monoids. We then focus on categorification with towers ofsemilatices, for example the tower of permutohedrons. We categorify thealgebra, and cogebra structure of $fqsym$, but not the full Hopf algebrastructure with its dual. We then make a comprehensive search in order tocategorify $pbt$ with a tower of monoids. We show that under naturalhypothesis, there exists no tower of monoids satisfying the categorificationaxioms. Finally we show that in some sense, the tower of $0$-Hecke monoids isthe simplest tower categorifying $ncsf$.The second part of this work deals with parking functions, applying resultsfrom the first part. We first study the representation theory of non decreasingparking functions. We then present a joint work with Jean-Baptiste Priez on ageneralization of parking functions from Pitman and Stanley. To obtainenumeration formulas, we use a variant of the species theory which was moreefficient in our case.We used an action of $H_n(0)$ instead of the symmetric group and use theKrob-Thibon theorem to lift the character of this action into the Hopf algebraof non-commutative symmetric functions
Rivano, Hervé. „Algorithmique et télécommunications : Coloration et multiflot approchés et applications aux réseaux d'infrastructure“. Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169842.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNous donnons une nouvelle modélisation des réseaux optiques WDM multifibres. En considérant un routage agrégé au niveau des câbles, nous optons pour une nouvelle lecture des contraintes d'affectation de longueurs d'onde fondée sur des conflits de groupe.
Nous étudions aussi le problème de coloration de chemins, issu de l'affectation de longueurs d'onde dans les réseaux optiques monofibres. Nous développons, pour la relaxation linéaire de ce problème, un algorithme polynomial efficace dans les arbres de degré borné, puis, par extension, dans les graphes de largeur arborescente bornée. Nous majorons le coût d'une telle coloration dans les arbres binaires et donnons une (1+5/(3e)+o(1))-approximation aléatoire pour la coloration entière dans les arbres de degré borné, ce qui améliore le meilleur algorithme connu pour ce cas.
Nous présentons enfin des avancées algorithmiques pour les problèmes de multiflot entier et fractionnaire. Nous donnons un algorithme d'arrondi aléatoire incrémental pour l'approximation du multiflot entier. Motivés par le besoin d'un calcul rapide de multiflot fractionnaire pour l'algorithme précédent, nous nous intéressons aux approximations combinatoires de ce problème. En employant des techniques de calcul dynamique des plus courts chemins, nous améliorons l'un des meilleurs algorithme de la littérature.
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Morcrette, Basile. „Combinatoire analytique et modèles d'urnes“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHerrbach, Claire. „Etude algorithmique et statistique de la comparaison des structures secondaires d'ARN“. Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13432.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoudert, David. „Algorithmique et optimisation dans les réseaux de télécommunications“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00466400.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleL'ensemble des résultats présentés dans ce document est le fruit de travaux collaboratifs avec les membres de l'équipe-projet MASCOTTE, des collègues d'autres universités, française ou étrangères, et des collègues de France Télécom, Alcatel-Lucent et 3Roam. L'introduction de ce manuscrit résume nos travaux sur le routage, le groupage de trafic, la tolérance aux pannes et la reconfiguration, ainsi que des travaux plus récents sur la minimisation du nombre d'étiquettes dans les réseaux MPLS, le dimensionnement de réseaux de collecte IP sans fil, et sur le routage disjoints d'ensembles particuliers de requêtes. Ensuite, je détaille nos travaux sur le groupage de trafic au travers d'un état de l'art dans le chapitre 3, nos contributions sur la notion de groupes de ressources partageant un risque dans le chapitre 4, et sur la reconfiguration de routages dans le chapitre 5. Le chapitre 6 conclut ce manuscrit en présentant avec quelques directions de recherches.
Fici, Gabriele. „Mots interdits minimaux et applications“. Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00628628.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBlondin, masse Alexandre. „A l'intersection de la combinatoire des mots et de la géométrie discrète : palindromes, symétries et pavages“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00697886.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBlondin, Massé Alexandre. „A l'intersection de la combinatoire des mots et de la géométrie discrète : palindromes, symétries et pavages“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENM072/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we explore different problems at the intersection of combinatorics on words and discrete geometry. First, we study the occurrences of palindromes in codings of rotations, a family of words including the famous Sturmian words and Rote sequences. In particular, we show that these words are full, i.e. they realize the maximal palindromic complexity. Next, we consider a new family of words called generalized pseudostandard words, which are generated by an operator called iterated pseudopalindromic closure. We present a generalization of a formula described by Justin which allows one to generate in linear (thus optimal) time a generalized pseudostandard word. The central object, the f-palindrome or pseudopalindrome, is an indicator of the symmetries in geometric objects. In the last chapters, we focus on geometric problems. More precisely, we solve two conjectures of Provençal about tilings by translation, by exploiting the presence of palindromes and local periodicity in boundary words. At the end of many chapters, different open problems and conjectures are briefly presented
Chauve, Cedric. „Structures arborescentes : problèmes algorithmiques et combinatoires“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007388.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBlin, Guillaume. „Combinatoire and Bio-informatique : Comparaison de structures d'ARN et calcul de distances intergénomiques“. Phd thesis, Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe present a set of results concerning two types of biological problems: (1) RNA structure comparison and (2) intergenomic distance computation considering non trivial genomes. In this thesis, we determine the algorithmic complexity of a set of problems linked to either RNA structure comparison (edit distance, APS problem, 2-interval pattern extraction, RNA design), or genomic rearrangements (breakpoints and conserved intervals distances). For each studied problem, we try to find an exact and fast algorithm resolving it. If we do not find such an algorithm, we try to prove that it is impossible to find one. To do so, we prove that the corresponding problem is difficult. Finally, we continue the study of each difficult problem by proposing three types of results: (1) Approximation, (2) Parameterized complexity, (3) Heuristic. We use in this thesis notions of combinatorics, mathematics, graph theory and algorithmics
Chapdelaine, Philippe. „Contribution à la théorie de la complexité algorithmique : problèmes de contraintes, complétude et résultats de classification, complexité structurelle“. Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN2042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKaraboghossian, Théo. „Invariants polynomiaux et structures algébriques d'objets combinatoires“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0123.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the first half of this dissertation, we study the polynomial invariants defined by Aguiar and Ardila in arXiv:1709.07504 in the context of Hopf monoids. We first give a combinatorial interpretation of these polynomials over the Hopf monoids of generalized permutahedra and hypergraphs in both non negative and negative integers. We then use them to deduce similar interpretation on other combinatorial objects(graphs, simplicial complexes, building sets, etc).In the second half of this disseration, we propose a new way of defining and studying operads on multigraphs and similar objects.We study in particular two operads obtained with our method. The former is a direct generalization of the Kontsevich-Willwacher operad.This operad can be seen as a canonical operad on multigraphs,and has many interesting suboperads.The latter operad is a natural extension of the pre-Lie operad in a sense developed here and it is related to the multigraph operad. We also present various results on some of the finitely generated suboperads of the multigraph operad and establish links between them and the commutative operad and the commutative magmatic operad
Paranthoën, Thomas. „Génération aléatoire et structure des automates à états finis“. Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUES032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRandom generation of combinatoric structures allows one to test algorithms based on this structure, and to investigate the behavior of these structures. In the case of deterministic automata, we give the generation algorithms that allow us to build these objects on any alphabets. We show that almost all complete accessible deterministic automata are minimal. In the case of nondeterministic automata we establish a probabilistic generation protocol that maximise the deterministic automata associated with these nondeterministic automata. Finally we continue the progress in the use of determinization for the pattern-matching problem. We formalize the technique of the partial determinization. We establish a data structure: the deterministic cover. This structure allows one to manipulate and to give properties of non-deterministic automata. We deduce from this structure a technique that reduces the complexity of the classical brute force determinization algorithm
Allamigeon, Xavier. „Analyse statique de manipulations de mémoire par interprétation abstraite -- Algorithmique des polyèdres tropicaux, et application à l'interprétation abstraite“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005850.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVoge, Marie-Emilie. „Optimisation des réseaux de télécommunications : Réseaux multiniveaux, Tolérance aux pannes et Surveillance du trafic“. Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00171565.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNous nous intéressons aussi bien aux réseaux de coeur qu'aux réseaux d'accès. Dans le premier chapitre, nous présentons brièvement les réseaux d'accès ainsi que les réseaux multiniveaux de type IP/WDM et l'architecture MPLS que nous considérons pour les réseaux de coeur. Ces réseaux sont composés d'un niveau physique sur lequel est routé un niveau virtuel. A leur tour les requêtes des utilisateurs sont routées sur le niveau virtuel. Nous abordons également la tolérance aux pannes dans les réseaux multiniveaux qui motive deux problèmes que nous avons étudiés.
Le second chapitre est consacré à la conception de réseaux virtuels. Dans un premier temps nous modélisons un problème prenant en compte la tolérance aux pannes, puis nous en étudions un sous-problème, le groupage. Notre objectif est de minimiser le nombre de liens virtuels, ou tubes, à installer pour router un ensemble de requêtes quelconque lorsque le niveau physique est un chemin orienté.
Le troisième chapitre traite des groupes de risque (SRRG) induits par l'empilement de niveaux au sein d'un réseau multiniveaux. Grâce à une modélisation par des graphes colorés, nous étudions la connexité et la vulnérabilité aux pannes de ces réseaux.
L'objet du quatrième chapitre est le problème du placement d'instruments de mesure du trafic dans le réseau d'accès d'un opérateur. Nous considérons aussi bien les mesures passives qu'actives. La surveillance du trafic possède de nombreuses applications, en particulier la détection de pannes et l'évaluation des performances d'un réseau.
Baïz, Adam. „De l’innovation des instruments de politique publique : développement d'une méthode de conception combinatoire autour d'un langage algorithmique et application au dispositif des certificats d’économie d’énergie“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM053/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlthough it is diversely characterized, the innovative nature of instruments seems to follow three types of innovation: (a) imitations of existing instruments; (b) hybridizations of more or less coercive instruments; (c) or meta-conglomerations of instruments. After admitting that all instruments originate from one another through these three innovation paths and a unique object model, we tried to provide a new design method that would both enable the identification of innovative instruments and their design.Within the frame of intervention research, we agreed to define an instrument as a specific intended causal chain of public action, and formulated an algorithmic language along some instrumental elements (actors, actions, events, logical operators and impact vectors) in order to characterize instruments in an ostensive way. After developing a method to evaluate the newness and the effectivity of any instrument, we could more precisely define an innovative instrument as a new causal chain that is effectively implemented in the technical and social reality. As a corollary, innovating an instrument consists in designing a new causal chain, or modifying the actors and actions in it.Eventually, and in order to apply and test what we called a combinatory design method, we chose to question the innovative nature of the Energy Savings Certificates scheme (ESC). For this purpose, we elaborated an evaluation protocol and formulated several possible lines of innovation
Marchal, Loris. „Communications collectives et ordonnancement en régime permanent sur plates-formes hétérogènes“. Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00123193.
Der volle Inhalt der Quellepour les plates-formes hétérogènes à grande échelle. Nous nous
intéressons principalement aux opérations de communications
collectives comme la diffusion de données, la distribution de données
ou la réduction. Nous étudions ces problèmes dans le cadre de leur
régime permanent, en optimisant le débit d'une série d'opérations de
communications, en vue d'obtenir un ordonnancement asymptotiquement
optimal du point de vue du temps d'exécution total. Après avoir
présenté un cadre général d'étude qui nous permet de connaître la
complexité du problème pour chaque primitive, nous développons, pour
le modèle de communication un-port bidirectionnel, une méthode de
résolution pratique fondée sur la résolution d'un programme linéaire
en rationnels. Cette étude du régime permanent est illustrée par des
expérimentations sur Grid5000 et se prolonge vers l'ordonnancement
d'applications multiples sur des grilles de calcul.
Hoché, Toussaint. „Heuristiques pour la gestion d'une flotte de taxis autonomes, électriques, réservables et partageables“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIndividual transportation is currently undergoing multiple transformations: Automation of vehicles, electrification, integration of Information & Communications Technologies (ICT) in management systems, to name only three. These transformations bring new challenges and opportunities to the domain of individual mobility. The objective of this thesis is to develop a centralised system managing a fleet of electrics, autonomous, and shared taxis treating as many customers as possible.Regarding electrification, three difficulties are studied. 1) The range of electric vehicles is lower than for internal combustion vehicles. 2) Refilling is slower. 3) The charging infrastructure usage may be constraint. The recharge of vehicles must therefore be as efficient as possible, to maximise their uptime. We study two cases: static and dynamic. In the static case, clients' requests are known long in advance, and the fleet manager can freely choose the clients to treat. In the dynamic cas, each client is discovered when he formulate his request to the fleet manager, who has to tell in real-time if the client's request is accepted.A holistic approach is used in this thesis, to integrate the recharge management in a complete system. Thus, we consider the impact of parking and ride-sharing on the behaviour of taxis. Finally, our tests are performed on large instances, involving dozens of thousands of clients, based on real data.To solve these instances, we propose a myopic greedy heuristic, improved by two neighbourhood search method. The first method is a hill climbing, and the second one is a simulated annealing. Our results show that these methods are fitting for instances with tens of thousands of customers, but that the computation time required for the simulated annealing is very high. Our results also show how these methods must be parametered depending on the caracteristics of the instances, and we propose various ways to improve these results
Saadi, Toufik. „Résolution séquentielles et parallèles des problèmes de découpe / placement“. Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00354737.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGoaoc, Xavier. „Nombres de Helly, théorèmes d'épinglement et projection de complexes simpliciaux“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00650204.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRivoire, Olivier. „Phases vitreuses, optimisation et grandes déviations“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009956.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLesfari, Hicham. „Fondements réseaux et l'IA“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ4056.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought a broad impact on today's society, leading to a gripping interaction between several scientific disciplines. In this respect, there has been a strong twofold interest across the literature.On the one hand, a growing trend in telecommunication networks consists in revisiting classic optimization problems using machine learning techniques in order to exploit their potential benefits. We focus on some challenges brought by the detection of anomalies in networks, and the allocation of resources within software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV).On the other hand, a substantial effort has been devoted towards the theoretical understanding of the collective behavior of networks. We focus on some challenges brought by the study of majority dynamics within multi-agent systems, and the compression of artificial neural networks with the aim at increasing their efficiency.In this study, we contextualize the above focal points in the framework of investigating some foundations of networks; viewed through the lens of telecommunications networks and neural networks. We first focus our attention on developing graph similarity measures for network anomaly detection. Next, we study deterministic and stochastic majority dynamics in multi-agent systems. Then, we discuss the random subset sum problem in the context of neural network compression. Finally, we walk through some other miscellaneous problems
Tsatcha, Dieudonné. „Contribution à l'extraction et à la représentation des connaissances de l'environnement maritime : proposition d'une architecture dédiée aux applications de navigation“. Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0118/document.
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Sayadi, Mohamed Yosri. „Construction et analyse des algorithmes exacts et exponentiels : énumération input-sensitive“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0316.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoon and Moser proved that the maximum number of maximal independent sets in a graph of n vertices is at most 3^{n/3}. This maximum number, called upper bound, is tight given the existence of a family of graphs with such a number called lower bound. Unlike the enumeration of maximal independent sets, having a tight bounds is not obvious at all. And it’s quite common in the “input-sensitive” enumeration to have a big gap. This problem concerns even the most studied sets as minimal dominating sets where the best known algorithm to enumerate those sets runs in time O(1.7159^n) and the best known lower bound is only 1.5704^n. During this thesis, we proposed a "Measure and Conquer" algorithm to enumerate all minimal dominating sets for chordal graphs in time O(1.5048^n). Minimal connected dominating sets and maximal irredundant sets, which are closely related to minimal dominating sets, were also studied. An enumeration algorithm of minimal connected dominating sets in convex bipartite graphs has been proposed with a running time in O(1.7254^n). Enumeration algorithms of maximal irredundant sets have also been given for chordal graphs, interval graphs, and forests in times O(1.7549^n), O(1.6957^n) and O(1.6181^n) respectively instead of the trivial algorithm in time O*(2^n). We complement these upper bounds by showing that there are forest graphs with Omega(1.5292^n) maximal irredundant sets. We proved also that every maximal irredundant set of a cograph is a minimal dominating set. This implies that the maximum number of those sets in cographs is Theta(15^{n/6}). Finally, to vary, we studied a new set has been defined recently: The minimal tropical connected set. A lower bound of 1.4961^n has been proposed but we failed to improve the upper bound of 2^n. Enumeration algorithms of minimal tropical connected sets have been given for cobipartite, interval and block graphs in times O*(3^{n/3}), O(1.8613^n) and O*(3^{n/3}) respectively. A lower bound of 1.4766^n for splits graphs and 3^{n/3} for cobipartite, interval graphs and block graphs have been provided. We proposed a new lower bound of 1.5848^n, as a perspective and in order to draw community attention to the maximum number of minimal total dominating sets
Bourdache, Nadjet. „Élicitation incrémentale des préférences pour l’optimisation multi-objectifs : modèles non-linéaires, domaines combinatoires et approches tolérantes aux erreurs“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS255.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis work falls within the area of algorithmic decision theory, a research domain at the crossroad of decision theory, operations research and artificial intelligence. The aim is to produce interactive optimization methods based on incremental preference elicitation in decision problems involving several criteria, opinions of agents or scenarios. Preferences are represented by general decision models whose parameters must be adapted to each decision problem and each decision maker. Our methods interleave the elicitation of parameters and the exploration of the solution space in order to determine the optimal choice for the decision maker. The idea behind this is to use information provided by the elicitation to guide the exploration of the solution space and vice versa. In this thesis, we introduce new incremental elicitation methods for decision making in different contexts : first for decision making in combinatorial domains when the decision models are non-linear, and then in a setting where one takes into account the possibility of inconsistencies in the answers of te decision maker. All the algorithms that we introduce are general and can be applied to a wide range of multiobjective decision problems
Lannez, Sébastien. „Optimisation des tournées d'inspection des voies“. Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00595070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMustafa, Nabil. „Approximations of Points: Combinatorics and Algorithms“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062825.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMilosz, Robin. „Étude algorithmique et combinatoire de la méthode de Kemeny-Young et du consensus de classements“. Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21741.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDesharnais, Charles. „Étude combinatoire et algorithmique de la médiane de permutations sous la distance de Kendall-Tau“. Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22522.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrosshans, Nathan. „The limits of Nečiporuk’s method and the power of programs over monoids taken from small varieties of finite monoids“. Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21738.
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