Thematische Bibliographien / Algae Physiology

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  1. Zeitschriftenartikel
  2. Dissertationen
  3. Bücher
  4. Buchteile
  5. Konferenzberichte
  6. Berichte der Organisationen

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Algae Physiology“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 31. Januar 2023

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Algae Physiology"

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Badger, Murray R., T. John Andrews, S. M. Whitney, Martha Ludwig, David C. Yellowlees, W. Leggat und G. Dean Price. „The diversity and coevolution of Rubisco, plastids, pyrenoids, and chloroplast-based CO2-concentrating mechanisms in algae“. Canadian Journal of Botany 76, Nr. 6 (01.06.1998): 1052–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-074.

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Algae have adopted two primary strategies to maximize the performance of Rubisco in photosynthetic CO2 fixation. This has included either the development of a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM), based at the level of the chloroplast, or the evolution of the kinetic properties of Rubisco. This review examines the potential diversity of both Rubisco and chloroplast-based CCMs across algal divisions, including both green and nongreen algae, and seeks to highlight recent advances in our understanding of the area and future areas for research. Overall, the available data show that Rubisco enzymes from algae have evolved a higher affinity for CO2 when the algae have adopted a strategy for CO2 fixation that does not utilise a CCM. This appears to be true of both Green and Red Form I Rubisco enzymes found in green and nongreen algae, respectively. However, the Red Form I Rubisco enzymes present in nongreen algae appear to have reduced oxygenase potential at air level of O2. This has resulted in a photosynthetic physiology with a reduced potential to be inhibited by O2 and a reduced need to deal with photorespiration. In the limited number of microalgae that have been examined, there is a strong correlation between the existence of a high-affinity CCM physiology and the presence of pyrenoids in all algae, highlighting the potential importance of these chloroplast Rubisco-containing bodies. However, in macroalgae, there is greater diversity in the apparent relationships between pyrenoids and chloroplast features and the CCM physiology that the species shows. There are many examples of microalgae and macroalgae with variations in the presence and absence of pyrenoids as well as single and multiple chloroplasts per cell. This occurs in both green and nongreen algae and should provide ample material for extending studies in this area. Future research into the function of the pyrenoid and other chloroplast features, such as thylakoids, in the operation of a chloroplast-based CCM needs to be addressed in a diverse range of algal species. This should be approached together with assessment of the coevolution of Rubisco, particularly the evolution of Red Form I Rubisco enzymes, which appear to achieve superior kinetic characteristics when compared with the Rubisco of C3 higher plants, which are derived from green algal ancestors.Key words: Rubisco, CO2-concentrating mechanism, carbonic anhydrase, aquatic photosynthesis, algae, pyrenoids, inorganic carbon.
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Cui, Jian Sheng, Xiao Hui Xu und Yu Xin Cheng. „Study on the Characteristics of Microcystis aeruginosa Chlorophyll Fluorescence Responding on the Toxicity of HgCl2“. Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1538–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1538.

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Chlorophyll fluorescence is a quick, precise, non-invasive technique which has been widely used in studies of photosynthesis in micro algae, particularly for investigations of stress physiology of micro algae. The toxicity of heavy metal Hg2+on algaM. aeruginosawas studied by the change in fluorescence intensity ofM. aeruginosaat 435 nm/680 nm which treaded with different Hg2+concentrations for 25 min. The results showed that high concentrations of Hg2+inhibited the photosynthesis ofM. aeruginosa, while a low concentration (0.0005 mg/L) of Hg2+promoted photosynthesis. When Hg2+level range from 0.001 mg/L to 0.500 mg/L, it had significant inhibition effects on photosynthesis ofM. aeruginosa. The chlorophyll fluorescence intensity increased with the concentration of Hg2+(0.001~0.400 mg/L), even the concentration of Hg2+and algal photosynthetic signal had a significant positive correlation, r=0.983 3.
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Muñoz, Jorge, Juan M. Cancino und MarÍa X. Molina. „Effect of Encrusting Bryozoans on the Physiology of Their Algal Substratum“. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 71, Nr. 4 (November 1991): 877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400053522.

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Traditionally, colonies of encrusting epiphytic bryozoans have been regarded as biotic factors reducing photosynthetic performance in benthic algae. In this study we determined under laboratory conditions the effects of Membranipora tuberculata on the photosynthetic efficiency of the rhodophyte Gelidium rex.Encrusting bryozoans reduce to 44% the incident light reaching the algal thallus. However, concentrations of chlorophyll a and other accessory pigments are significantly higher in encrusted than in non-encrusted thalli. Consequently, photosynthetic efficiency is almost identical in both types of thalli. Although non-encrusted thalli showed a higher photosynthetic V due to higher levels of light reaching the algae, encrusted thalli exhibited a compensatory effect at low photon flux density and reached a similar P value. The detrimental effect of M. tuberculata on photosynthesis could be partially compensated by CO released from bryozoan cells, as G. rex preferred CO over HCO3 as a source of photosynthetic inorganic carbon. These results suggest that physiological interaction between bryozoans and algae, involving the interchange of metabolic substances, are likely to be important.
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Maruyama, Shumpei, Julia R. Unsworth, Valeri Sawiccy und Virginia M. Weis. „Algae from Aiptasia egesta are robust representations of Symbiodiniaceae in the free-living state“. PeerJ 10 (29.07.2022): e13796. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13796.

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Many cnidarians rely on their dinoflagellate partners from the family Symbiodiniaceae for their ecological success. Symbiotic species of Symbiodiniaceae have two distinct life stages: inside the host, in hospite, and outside the host, ex hospite. Several aspects of cnidarian-algal symbiosis can be understood by comparing these two life stages. Most commonly, algae in culture are used in comparative studies to represent the ex hospite life stage, however, nutrition becomes a confounding variable for this comparison because algal culture media is nutrient rich, while algae in hospite are sampled from hosts maintained in oligotrophic seawater. In contrast to cultured algae, expelled algae may be a more robust representation of the ex hospite state, as the host and expelled algae are in the same seawater environment, removing differences in culture media as a confounding variable. Here, we studied the physiology of algae released from the sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana (commonly called Aiptasia), a model system for the study of coral-algal symbiosis. In Aiptasia, algae are released in distinct pellets, referred to as egesta, and we explored its potential as an experimental system to represent Symbiodiniaceae in the ex hospite state. Observation under confocal and differential interference contrast microscopy revealed that egesta contained discharged nematocysts, host tissue, and were populated by a diversity of microbes, including protists and cyanobacteria. Further experiments revealed that egesta were released at night. In addition, algae in egesta had a higher mitotic index than algae in hospite, were photosynthetically viable for at least 48 hrs after expulsion, and could competently establish symbiosis with aposymbiotic Aiptasia. We then studied the gene expression of nutrient-related genes and studied their expression using qPCR. From the genes tested, we found that algae from egesta closely mirrored gene expression profiles of algae in hospite and were dissimilar to those of cultured algae, suggesting that algae from egesta are in a nutritional environment that is similar to their in hospite counterparts. Altogether, evidence is provided that algae from Aiptasia egesta are a robust representation of Symbiodiniaceae in the ex hospite state and their use in experiments can improve our understanding of cnidarian-algal symbiosis.
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Smith, Val H. „Light and Nutrient Effects on the Relative Biomass of Blue-Green Algae in Lake Phytoplankton“. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, Nr. 1 (01.01.1986): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-016.

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The factors determining the relative biomass of blue-green algae during the growing season were studied using data from 22 lakes worldwide. Multiple linear regression analyses suggest that total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and light (as estimated from Secchi disc transparency and the depth of the mixed layer) interact to determine the relative biomass of planktonic blue-green algae. At a fixed TN: TP ratio, blue-green relative biomass increases as light availability decreases. At a fixed light level, blue-green relative biomass also increases as the TN: TP ratio decreases. Both effects are consistent with current knowledge of algal physiology, and with a recently proposed theoretical framework for algal community structure.
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Yang, Hui, Baptiste Genot, Solange Duhamel, Ryan Kerney und John A. Burns. „Organismal and cellular interactions in vertebrate–alga symbioses“. Biochemical Society Transactions 50, Nr. 1 (28.02.2022): 609–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20210153.

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Photosymbioses, intimate interactions between photosynthetic algal symbionts and heterotrophic hosts, are well known in invertebrate and protist systems. Vertebrate animals are an exception where photosynthetic microorganisms are not often considered part of the normal vertebrate microbiome, with a few exceptions in amphibian eggs. Here, we review the breadth of vertebrate diversity and explore where algae have taken hold in vertebrate fur, on vertebrate surfaces, in vertebrate tissues, and within vertebrate cells. We find that algae have myriad partnerships with vertebrate animals, from fishes to mammals, and that those symbioses range from apparent mutualisms to commensalisms to parasitisms. The exception in vertebrates, compared with other groups of eukaryotes, is that intracellular mutualisms and commensalisms with algae or other microbes are notably rare. We currently have no clear cell-in-cell (endosymbiotic) examples of a trophic mutualism in any vertebrate, while there is a broad diversity of such interactions in invertebrate animals and protists. This functional divergence in vertebrate symbioses may be related to vertebrate physiology or a byproduct of our adaptive immune system. Overall, we see that diverse algae are part of the vertebrate microbiome, broadly, with numerous symbiotic interactions occurring across all vertebrate and many algal clades. These interactions are being studied for their ecological, organismal, and cellular implications. This synthesis of vertebrate–algal associations may prove useful for the development of novel therapeutics: pairing algae with medical devices, tissue cultures, and artificial ecto- and endosymbioses.
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Buschmann, Henrik. „Into another dimension: how streptophyte algae gained morphological complexity“. Journal of Experimental Botany 71, Nr. 11 (09.04.2020): 3279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa181.

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Abstract Land plants with elaborated three-dimensional (3D) body plans have evolved from streptophyte algae. The streptophyte algae are known to exhibit varying degrees of morphological complexity, ranging from single-celled flagellates to branched macrophytic forms exhibiting tissue-like organization. In this review, I discuss mechanisms by which, during evolution, filamentous algae may have gained 2D and eventually 3D body plans. There are, in principle, two mechanisms by which an additional dimension may be added to an existing algal filament or cell layer: first, by tip growth-mediated branching. An example of this mechanism is the emergence and polar expansion of root hairs from land plants. The second possibility is the rotation of the cell division plane. In this case, the plane of the forthcoming cell division is rotated within the parental cell wall. This type of mechanism corresponds to the formative cell division seen in meristems of land plants. This literature review shows that of the extant streptophyte algae, the Charophyceae and Coleochaetophyceae are capable of performing both mechanisms, while the Zygnematophyceae (the actual sister to land plants) show tip growth-based branching only. I finally discuss how apical cells with two or three cutting faces, as found in mosses, may have evolved from algal ancestors.
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Broady, Paul A. „Algae and extreme environments. Ecology and physiology.“ Phycologia 42, Nr. 3 (Mai 2003): 317–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-42-3-317.1.

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Lawrence, Janice E., Corina P. D. Brussaard und Curtis A. Suttle. „Virus-Specific Responses of Heterosigma akashiwo to Infection“. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, Nr. 12 (13.10.2006): 7829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01207-06.

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ABSTRACT We used flow cytometry to examine the process of cell death in the bloom-forming alga Heterosigma akashiwo during infection by a double-stranded DNA virus (OIs1) and a single-stranded RNA virus (H. akashiwo RNA virus [HaRNAV]). These viruses were isolated from the same geographic area and infect the same strain of H. akashiwo. By use of the live/dead stains fluorescein diacetate and SYTOX green as indicators of cellular physiology, cells infected with OIs1 showed signs of infection earlier than HaRNAV-infected cultures (6 to 17 h versus 23 to 29 h). Intracellular esterase activity was lost prior to increased membrane permeability during infection with OIs1, while the opposite was seen with HaRNAV-infected cultures. In addition, OIs1-infected cells accumulated in the cultures while HaRNAV-infected cells rapidly disintegrated. Progeny OIs1 viruses consisted of large and small morphotypes with estimated latent periods of 11 and 17 h, respectively, and about 1,100 and 16,000 viruses produced per cell, respectively. In contrast, HaRNAV produced about 21,000 viruses per cell and had a latent period of 29 h. This study reveals that the characteristics of viral infection in algae are virus dependent and therefore are variable among viruses infecting the same species. This is an important consideration for ecosystem modeling exercises; calculations based on in situ measurements of algal physiology must be sensitive to the diverse responses of algae to viral infection.
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Davy, Simon K., Donelle A. Trautman, Michael A. Borowitzka und Rosalind Hinde. „Ammonium excretion by a symbiotic sponge supplies the nitrogen requirements of its rhodophyte partner“. Journal of Experimental Biology 205, Nr. 22 (15.11.2002): 3505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.22.3505.

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SUMMARY Symbioses between sponges and algae are abundant in the nutrient-poor waters of tropical reefs, yet very little is known of the nutritional interactions that may promote this abundance. We measured nitrogen flux between the sponge Haliclona cymiformis and its symbiotic partner,the rhodophyte Ceratodictyon spongiosum, and assessed the potential importance of this flux to the symbiosis. While the association can take up dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) as ammonium and nitrate from the surrounding sea water, enrichment of the water with nitrate did not affect its rates of photosynthesis and respiration. Much of the DIN normally assimilated by the alga is waste ammonium excreted by the sponge. A nitrogen budget for the symbiosis shows that the nitrogen required for algal growth can potentially be provided by sponge catabolism alone, but that only a small amount of nitrogen is available for translocation back to the sponge in organic compounds. The stable isotope composition (δ15N) was consistent with our interpretation of the sponge supplying excretory DIN to its algal partner, while the results also suggested that this DIN limits nitrogen deficiency in the alga. If our observations are typical of sponge—alga symbioses, then the supply of excretory nitrogen could be a major reason why so many algae form symbioses with sponges on coral reefs.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Algae Physiology"

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Pettitt, T. R. „Lipid metabolism and membrane function in two species of marine red algae“. Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382614.

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Flori, Serena. „Light utilization in microalgae : the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV080/document.

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Les microalgues ont développé des approches distinctes pour moduler l'absorption de la lumière et son utilisation par leurs photosystèmes en réponse à des stimuli environnementaux. Dans ce rapport de Thèse je présente les différentes stratégies employées par une algue d'eau douce (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) et une algue marine (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) pour optimiser leur acclimatation à l'environnement.Dans la première partie de ce rapport, je propose un modèle de cellules entières de la diatomée marine Phaeodactylum tricornutum obtenue par analyses spectroscopiques et biochimiques ainsi que par l’obtention d’images par microscopie électronique et reconstitution 3-D. Ce modèle a été utilisé pour répondre aux questions suivantes i. comment est structuré un chloroplaste secondaire pour faciliter les échanges avec le cytosol à travers les quatre membranes qui le délimitent ii. comment sont structurées les membranes photosynthétiques afin d’optimiser l'absorption de lumière et le flux d'électrons et iii. comment les chloroplastes et les mitochondries sont organisés pour optimiser l'assimilation du CO2 par échange ATP / NADPH.La deuxième partie de ce rapport porte sur la régulation de la collection de la lumière et de sa dissipation chez Chlamydomonas grâce à l'étude d'une part du rôle de la perception de la couleur de la lumière et d'autre part du métabolisme sur la dissipation de l'excès de lumière par quenching non photochimique (NPQ). En utilisant des approches biochimiques et spectroscopiques, j'ai mis en évidence un lien moléculaire entre la photoréception, la photosynthèse et la photoprotection chez Chlamydomonas via le rôle du photorécepteur phototropine, démontrant ainsi que le métabolisme, en plus de la lumière, peut aussi affecter ce processus d'acclimatation.En conclusion, ce travail de thèse révèle l'existence et l'intégration des différentes voies de signalisation dans la régulation des réponses photoprotectrices mises en place chez les microalgues marines et d'eau douce
Microalgae have developed distinct approaches to modulate light absorption and utilization by their photosystems in response to environmental stimuli. In this Ph.D Thesis, I characterised different strategies employed by freshwater (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) and marine algae (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) to optimise their acclimation to the environment.In the first part of this work, I used spectroscopic, biochemical, electron microscopy analysis and 3-dimentional reconstitution to generate a model of the entire cell of the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. This model has been used to address the following questions: i. how is a secondary chloroplast structured to facilitate exchanges with the cytosol via its four membranes envelope barrier ii. how have diatoms shaped their photosynthetic membranes to optimise light absorption and downstream electron flow and iii. how the cellular organelles interact to optimise CO2 assimilation via ATP/NADPH exchanges.In the second part, I have focused on the regulation of light harvesting and dissipation in Chlamydomonas by studying the role of perception of light colour and metabolism on excess light dissipation via the Non-Photochemical Quenching of energy (NPQ). Using biochemical and spectroscopic approaches, I found a molecular link between photoreception, photosynthesis and photoprotection in Chlamydomonas via the role of the photoreceptor phototropin on excess absorbed energy dissipation (NPQ) and also demonstrated that besides light, downstream metabolism can also affect this acclimation process.Overall this Ph.D work reveals the existence and integration of different signal pathways in the regulation of photoprotective responses by microalgae living in the ocean and in the land
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Jackson, Gardner H. „Biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by the cyanobacterium anabaena spiroides“. Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20862.

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Kangwe, Juma W. „Calcareous Algae of a Tropical Lagoon : Primary Productivity, Calcification and Carbonate Production“. Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Botany, Stockholm University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-784.

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Johnson, Daniel. „Investigation of the Physiology of Hydrogen Production in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Using Spectral-Selective Photosystem I Light“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/311581.

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With increasing global populations and demand for energy, greater strain is placed on the limited supply of fossil derived fuels, which in turn drives the need for development of alternative energy sources. The discovery of biophotolysis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the development of a spectral-selective photosystem I activating/photosystem II deactivating light (PSI-light) method provides a promising platform for commercial hydrogen production systems. The PSI-light method allows electrons to pass through the photosynthetic electron transport chain while reducing radiation available for photosynthetic oxygen evolution that inactivates hydrogenase. Exploring the physiology of photohydrogen production using the PSI-light method can provide insight on how to optimize conditions for maximum hydrogen production. Through the use of photosynthetic mutant strains of C. reinhardtii, it was possible to suppress photosynthetic oxygen evolution further than using photosystem I light alone to extend photohydrogen production longevity and total yield. A preliminary investigation of an iterating light treatment revealed that longevity and yield could be increased further by providing a period of darkness to allow cells to consume evolved oxygen and resynthesize hydrogenase. Work with these mutants provided understanding that a balance of radiation was required to provide electrons to hydrogenase while limiting oxygen evolution, and that when no light was provided, fermentation of stored starch was the major contributor of electrons to hydrogen production. To determine the role of starch during hydrogen production, wild type cells were exposed to different media and light treatments and monitored for starch consumption and hydrogen production. The results indicated that starch was required for hydrogen production in the dark, but for photohydrogen production, starch likely played a minor role in contributing electrons to hydrogenase. The experiments also showed the importance of acetate in the medium during the hydrogen production phase to allow any significant photohydrogen production. The role of acetate was further investigated as a growth medium constituent that stimulates metabolic activity while reducing photosynthetic oxygen evolution when added to cells grown auto- or mixotrophically. By exposing cells to CO₂ during growth, photohydrogen production was significantly increased over cells grown only in the presence of acetate.
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Copertino, Margareth. „Production ecology and ecophysiology of turf algal communities on a temperate reef (West Island, South Australia)“. Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc782.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 235-258). Estimates the primary production and investigates the photosynthetic performance of temperate turfs at West Island, off the coast of South Australia. These communities play a fundamental role in reef ecology, being the main source of food for grazers, both fishes and invertebrates. Turfs also have an important function in benthic algal community dynamics, being the first colonizers on disturbed and bare substratum.
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Kregting, Louise Theodora, und n/a. „The relative importance of mainstream water velocity and physiology (nutrient demand) on the growth rate of Adamsiella chauvinii“. University of Otago. Department of Botany, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070806.121216.

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A prevailing view exists in the literature which suggests that macroalgae growing in slow-flow environments (<4 cm s⁻�) are less productive because of "mass-transfer" limitation compared to fast-flow environments. Macroalgae in slow-flow environments are thought to have thicker diffusion boundary-layers which limit the flux of essential molecules to and from the algal thallus. However nutrient demand of a macroalga can also influence nutrient flux. The main objective of this research was to determine the relative importance of physical (mainstream velocity) and physiological (nutrient demand) factors influencing the growth rate of Adamsiella chauvinii, a small (<20 cm) red algal species, that grows within the benthic boundary-layer in a soft sediment habitat. To establish the influence of water velocity, the growth rate of A. chauvinii was measured in situ each month (March 2003 to March 2004) at three sites with varying degrees of water velocity (slow, intermediate and fast) at which all other environmental parameters (photon flux density, seawater temperature and nutrients) were similar. To determine the metabolic demand and nutrient uptake rate of A. chauvinii, the internal nutrient status (C:N, soluble tissue nitrate, ammonium and phosphate), uptake kinetics (V[max] and K[s]) and nutrient uptake rate at a range of mainstream velocities were also determined on a seasonal basis. The hydrodynamic environment around A. chauvinii canopies was characterised in situ and compared with controlled laboratory experiments. Growth rates of Adamsiella chauvinii thalli at the slow-flow site were significantly lower in winter (June) to summer (February) than the intermediate- and fast-flow sites, while in autumn growth rates were similar between sites. However, A. chauvinii at the slow-flow site had similar or higher tissue N content compared to thalli at the other two sites during winter, spring and summer suggesting that growth rates of A. chauvinii were not mass-transfer limited. Nitrogen uptake rates of A. chauvinii were similar between sites in summer and winter, however uptake rates were lower in summer compared to winter even though thalli were nitrogen limited in summer. Water velocity had no effect on nitrate uptake in either summer or winter and uptake of ammonium increased with increasing water velocity during summer only. Two hydrodynamically different environments were distinguished over a canopy of A. chauvinii, with both the laboratory and field velocity profiles in good agreement with each other. In the top half of the canopy, the Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) and Reynolds stresses were greatest while in the bottom half of the canopy flow rates were less than 90 % of mainstream velocity (< 1 cm s⁻�). When considered together, the influence of water velocity on the growth rates of A. chauvinii was not completely clear. Results suggest that mainstream velocity had little influence on nutrient availability to A. chauvinii because of the unique hydrodynamic environment created by the canopy. Nutrients, especially ammonium and phosphate, derived from the sediment and invertebrates, may provide enough nitrogen and phosphate to saturate the metabolic demand of Adamsiella chauvinii, consequently, A. chauvinii is well adapted to this soft-sediment environment.
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Adams, Curtis. „Studies on nitrogen and silicon deficiency in microalgal lipid production“. DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1955.

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Microalgae are a rich, largely untapped source of lipids. Algae are underutilized, in part, because lipid formation generally is stimulated by stress, such as nutrient deficiency. Nutrient deficiencies reduce growth, resulting in a tradeoff between elevated cellular lipids and abundant cell division. This tradeoff is not well understood. We also have a poor understanding of the physiological drivers for this lipid formation. Here we report on three sets of research: 1) Assessment of species differences in growth and lipid content tradeoffs with high and low level nitrogen deficiency; 2) Investigation of physiological drivers of lipid formation, by mass balance accounting of cellular nitrogen with progressing deficiency; 3) Examination of the effects of sodium chloride and silicon on lipid production in a marine diatom. 1) Nitrogen deficiency typically had disproportionate effects on growth and lipid content, with profound differences among species. Optimally balancing the tradeoff required a wide range in the rate of nitrogen supply to species. Some species grew first and then accumulated lipids, while other species grew and accumulated lipids concurrently--a characteristic that increased lipid productivity. High lipid content generally resulted from a response to minimal stress. 2) Commonalities among species in cellular nitrogen at the initiation of lipid accumulation provided insight into the physiological drivers for lipid accumulation in nitrogen deficient algae. Total nitrogen uptake and retention differed widely among species, but the ratio of minimum retained nitrogen to nitrogen at the initiation of lipid accumulation was consistent among species at 0.5 ± 0.04. This suggests that lipid accumulation was signaled by a common magnitude of nitrogen deficiency. Among the cellular pools of nitrogen at the initiation of lipid accumulation, the concentration of RNA and the protein to RNA ratio were most similar among species with averages of 3.2 ± 0.26 g L-1 (8.2% variation) and 16 ± 1.5 (9.2% variation), respectively. This implicates critical levels of these parameters as potential signals initiating the accumulation of lipids. 3) In a marine diatom, low levels of either sodium chloride or silicon resulted in at least 50% increases in lipid content. The synergy of simultaneous, moderate sodium chloride and silicon stress resulted in lipid content up to 73%. There was a strong sodium chloride/silicon interaction in total and ash-free dry mass densities that arose because low sodium chloride was inhibitory to growth, but the inhibition was overcome with excessive silicon supply. This suggests that low sodium chloride may have affected metabolism of silicon.
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Mailhot, Hélène. „The use of some physico-chemical properties to predict algal uptake of ogranic compounds /“. Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65504.

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Ginsberg, Donald I. „Blue-green algae as a nutritional supplement : evidence for effects on the circulation and function of immune cells in humans“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0034/MQ64359.pdf.

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Bücher zum Thema "Algae Physiology"

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1955-, Douglas Susan E., Larkum A. W. D und Raven John A, Hrsg. Photosynthesis in algae. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2003.

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2

Lobban, Christopher S. Seaweed ecology and physiology. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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3

Weykam, Gabriele. Photosynthese-Charakteristika und Lebensstrategien antarktischer Makroalgen =: Photosynthetic characteristics and life-strategies of Antarctic macroalgae. Bremerhaven: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1996.

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4

Geider, Richard J. Algal photo-synthesis. New York: Chapman and Hall, 1992.

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5

1952-, Osborne Bruce A., Hrsg. Algal photosynthesis. New York: Chapman and Hall, 1992.

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6

Geider, Richard J. Algal photosynthesis: The measurement of algal gas exchange. New York, NY: Chapman and Hall, 1991.

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7

Jacob, Andreas. Physiologie und Ultrastruktur der antarktischen Grünalge Prasiola crispa ssp. antarctica unter osmotischem Stress und Austrocknung =: Physiology and ultrastructure of the Antarctic green alga Prasiola crispa ssp. antarctica subjected to osmotic stress and desiccation. Bremerhaven: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1992.

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Jacob, Andreas. Physiologie und Ultrastruktur der antarktischen Grünalge Prasiola crispa ssp. antarctica unter osmotischem Stress und Austrocknung =: Physiology and ultrastructure of the Antarctic green alga Prasiola crispa ssp. antarctica subjected to osmotic stress and desiccation. Bremerhaven: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar-und Meeresforschung, 1992.

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9

J, Elster, Hrsg. Algae and extreme environments: Ecology and physiology : proceedings of the international conference, 11-16 September 2000, Třeboň, Czech Republic. Berlin: J. Cramer, 2001.

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10

Mikami, Koji. Porphyra yezoensis: Frontiers in physiological and molecular biological research. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publisher's, 2010.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Algae Physiology"

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Araie, Hiroya, und Yoshihiro Shiraiwa. „Selenium in Algae“. In The Physiology of Microalgae, 281–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24945-2_12.

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Larkum, Anthony W. „Photosynthesis and Light Harvesting in Algae“. In The Physiology of Microalgae, 67–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24945-2_3.

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Gradmann, D., und A. Wolf. „Chloride ATPase in Marine Algae“. In Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology, 17–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78261-9_2.

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Wu, Yaping, und Kunshan Gao. „Biochemical Inhibitors for Algae“. In Research Methods of Environmental Physiology in Aquatic Sciences, 255–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5354-7_29.

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5

Dal’Molin, Cristiana G. O., und Lars K. Nielsen. „Algae Genome-Scale Reconstruction, Modelling and Applications“. In The Physiology of Microalgae, 591–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24945-2_22.

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Giordano, Mario, und Laura Prioretti. „Sulphur and Algae: Metabolism, Ecology and Evolution“. In The Physiology of Microalgae, 185–209. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24945-2_9.

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7

Domozych, David S. „Biosynthesis of the Cell Walls of the Algae“. In The Physiology of Microalgae, 47–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24945-2_2.

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Marangoni, R., E. Lorenzini und G. Colombetti. „Photosensory Transduction in Flagellated Algae“. In Light as an Energy Source and Information Carrier in Plant Physiology, 263–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0409-8_20.

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Kráľová, Katarína, und Josef Jampílek. „Impact of Metal Nanoparticles on Marine and Freshwater Algae“. In Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology, 889–921. 4. Aufl. 4th edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003093640-49.

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Remias, Daniel. „Cell Structure and Physiology of Alpine Snow and Ice Algae“. In Plants in Alpine Regions, 175–85. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0136-0_13.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Algae Physiology"

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Musleh, Mohammed, und Valentina Diaconu. „Aplicarea pesticidelor bioraționale la plantațiile de piersici în zona centrală a Republicii Moldova“. In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.87.

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In this paper, the results of application of plant extracts, bioelicitors – Reglalg, algae extract – Spi-rogira sp., are shown. A mix of unsaturated fatty acids, aldehydes, ketones and other active components - 0.5 l / ha and Paurin - bacterial preparation (based on Agrobacterium tumefaciens) - 2.0 l / ha, which as growth regulators, contribute to increased peach resistance to different diseases.
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Ermilova, E. V., V. Yu Filina, A. N. Grinko und Zh M. Zalutskaya. „Regulation and function of truncated hemoglobins of unicellular green algae“. In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-165.

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Gladchuk, A. S., P. S. Dubakova, M. L. Alexandrova, K. A. Krasnov, N. V. Krasnov, A. A. Frolov und E. P. Podolskaya. „Determination of free fatty acids in brown algae of the White Sea by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry using Langmuir technology“. In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-120.

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Титова, Нина, und Анна Попович. „Оценка стимулирующего действия Реглалга в сочетании с микроэлементами у разных сортов сливы“. In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.28.

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The article presents the results of a study the influence of the bioregulator Reglalg, isolated from the alga Spirogira biomass, in combination with microelements B, Zn, Mn, Mo on the plum plants physiological characteristics. A significant stimulating effect of such treatment on the mass and surface of leaves, the net productivity of photosynthesis and oxidative enzymes activity in the leaves of late local and introduced plum varieties was revealed.
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Tsopela, A., A. Laborde, L. Salvagnac, I. Seguy, R. Izquierdo, P. Juneau, P. Temple-Boyer und J. Launay. „Light emitting devices and integrated electrochemical sensors on lab-on-chip for toxicity bioassays based on algal physiology“. In TRANSDUCERS 2015 - 2015 18th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/transducers.2015.7181251.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Algae Physiology"

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Worden, Alexandra Z., Stephen Callister, Joshua Stuart und Richard Smith. Final Report: Connecting genomic capabilities to physiology and response: Systems biology of the widespread alga Micromonas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1158817.

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