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1
Lenz, H. J., L. A. Fisher, W. W. Vale und M. R. Brown. „Corticotropin-releasing factor, sauvagine, and urotensin I: effects on blood flow“. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 249, Nr. 1 (01.07.1985): R85—R90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1985.249.1.r85.
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Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), sauvagine (SVG), and urotensin I (UI) were tested for their effects on superior mesenteric blood flow in conscious dogs. Intravenous (iv) administration of CRF, SVG, and UI induced an immediate rise of mesenteric blood flow that was associated with a decrease in mean arterial pressure and an increase in heart rate. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of SVG and UI, but not CRF, rapidly (within 5 min after injection) elicited a long (90 min) elevation of mesenteric blood flow. Central administration of these peptides induced a delayed rise in heart rate and slightly elevated mean arterial pressure. The finding that CRF given ICV did not increase mesenteric blood flow could not be explained by the release of vasoactive agents such as vasopressin, epinephrine, or norepinephrine. After injection of CRF, SVG, and UI, plasma concentrations of CRF-, SVG-, and UI-like immunoreactivity did not increase as determined by radioimmunoassay. These results indicate that SVG and UI, but not CRF, administered ICV produce a long increase of mesenteric blood flow in conscious dogs. Because iv SVG and UI decrease mean arterial pressure and ICV SVG and UI increase mean arterial pressure and do not cause an increase in SVG- and UI-like immunoreactivity in the peripheral circulation, it is proposed that SVG and UI injected into the third cerebral ventricle act within the central nervous system to increase superior mesenteric blood flow in the dog.
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Guo, Audrey, und Andrew C. Johnston. „The Finance of Unemployment Compensation and Its Consequences“. Public Finance Review 49, Nr. 3 (Mai 2021): 392–434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10911421211021389.
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Economists have contributed important theoretical and empirical findings to the study of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, but a deliberate study of the effect of UI taxation’s unique structure remains undone. We summarize available evidence on UI taxation, describe the history and institutions of experience rating, and outline important lines of inquiry for future work. As unemployment has risen, so has the need for a body of policy-relevant knowledge about the function and financing of UI systems.
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Honda, K., S. Fukuda, S. E. Ishikawa, T. Kuzuya und T. Saito. „Role of endogenous vasopressin in development of gastric ulcer induced by restraint and water immersion“. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 266, Nr. 5 (01.05.1994): R1448—R1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.266.5.r1448.
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To elucidate the role of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the development of stress-induced gastric ulcer, the mucosal lesions after restraint and water immersion were examined in Brattleboro strain rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (DI) and in Long-Evans rats (LE) used as controls. Restrained animals were immersed in water for 2 h, and the size of lesion was expressed as percentage of the lesion area to the total glandular mucosal area, which were defined as ulcer index (UI). In DI rats, UI was significantly higher than in control LE rats, despite the attenuated responses of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to stress. Although subcutaneous injection of selective antidiuretic analogue 1-desamino-8-D-AVP did not affect UI, intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of AVP reduced UI in DI rats, and icv administration of V1 antagonist [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)]AVP elevated UI in LE rats. These results indicate that endogenous AVP plays a role in preventing the formation of gastric ulcers induced by stress via a central V1 receptor. Furthermore, we suggest that elevation of ACTH in plasma is not essential in the development of stress-induced gastric ulcer in rats.
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Lehr, Brandon. „Optimal Unemployment Insurance with Endogenous Negative Duration Dependence“. Public Finance Review 45, Nr. 3 (04.05.2016): 395–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142116644775.
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This article characterizes optimal unemployment insurance (UI) in an economy with endogenous negative duration dependence in hiring rates for the unemployed. The characterization generalizes the standard Baily–Chetty result and is independent of the particular mechanism generating endogenous hiring rates. I find that at the social optimum, UI equates the moral hazard cost with the sum of the insurance benefit and a new externality correction term. The sign of this externality correction term depends, in part, on the responsiveness of hiring rates to the UI benefit. I show how the effect of UI on hiring rates in turn depends on the particular assumptions about firm behavior, considering the cases of employer screening and human capital depreciation models.
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장준호. „The Trend of Gyeongju and Park Ui Jang’ Administration during Imjin War“. Korean Studies ll, Nr. 36 (Juli 2018): 41–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36093/ks.2018..36.002.
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Kingston, Jerry L., Paul L. Burgess und Robert D. St. Louis. „Unemployment Insurance Overpayments: Evidence and Implications“. ILR Review 39, Nr. 3 (April 1986): 323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979398603900301.
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This paper presents the principal findings of the most comprehensive study yet undertaken of payment errors in the unemployment insurance (UI) program. Among the five states studied—Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, New Jersey, and Washington—the percentage of benefit weeks with payment errors ranged in 1981–82 from 12 percent to 52 percent, with an average of 26 percent. In each state, overpayments greatly exceeded underpayments, with inadequate job search efforts the primary cause of the overpayments found. The authors discuss the implications of their findings for previous research and for UI program administration.
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Borello-France, Diane, Kathryn L. Burgio, Patricia S. Goode, Alayne D. Markland, Kimberly Kenton, Aarthi Balasubramanyam und Anne M. Stoddard. „Adherence to Behavioral Interventions for Urge Incontinence When Combined With Drug Therapy: Adherence Rates, Barriers, and Predictors“. Physical Therapy 90, Nr. 10 (01.10.2010): 1493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20080387.
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Background Behavioral intervention outcomes for urinary incontinence (UI) depend on active patient participation. Objective The purpose of this study was to describe adherence to behavioral interventions (pelvic-floor muscle [PFM] exercises, UI prevention strategies, and delayed voiding), patient-perceived exercise barriers, and predictors of exercise adherence in women with urge-predominant UI. Design This was a prospectively planned secondary data analysis from a 2-stage, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Patients and Intervention Three hundred seven women with urge-predominant UI were randomly assigned to receive either 10 weeks of drug therapy only or 10 weeks of drug therapy combined with a behavioral intervention for UI. One hundred fifty-four participants who received the combined intervention were included in this analysis. Measurements Pelvic-floor muscle exercise adherence and exercise barriers were assessed during the intervention phase and 1 year afterward. Adherence to UI prevention strategies and delayed voiding were assessed during the intervention only. Results During intervention, 81% of women exercised at least 5 to 6 days per week, and 87% performed at least 30 PFM contractions per day. Ninety-two percent of the women used the urge suppression strategy successfully. At the 12-month follow-up, only 32% of the women exercised at least 5 to 6 days per week, and 56% performed 15 or more PFM contractions on the days they exercised. The most persistent PFM exercise barriers were difficulty remembering to exercise and finding time to exercise. Similarly, difficulty finding time to exercise persisted as a predictor of PFM exercise adherence over time. Limitations Co-administration of medication for UI may have influenced adherence. Conclusions Most women adhered to exercise during supervised intervention; however, adherence declined over the long term. Interventions to help women remember to exercise and to integrate PFM exercises and UI prevention strategies into daily life may be useful to promote long-term adherence.
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Gil-González, Julián, Andrés A. Álvarez-Meza, Julián D. Echeverry-Correa, Álvaro A. Orozco-Gutiérrez und Mauricio A. Álvarez-López. „Enhancement of nerve structure segmentation by a correntropy-based pre-image approach“. TecnoLógicas 20, Nr. 39 (02.05.2017): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.22430/22565337.717.
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Peripheral Nerve Blocking (PNB) is a commonly used technique for performing regional anesthesia and managing pain. PNB comprises the administration of anesthetics in the proximity of a nerve. In this sense, the success of PNB procedures depends on an accurate location of the target nerve. Recently, ultrasound images (UI) have been widely used to locate nerve structures for PNB, since they enable a non-invasive visualization of the target nerve and the anatomical structures around it. However, UI are affected by speckle noise, which makes it difficult to accurately locate a given nerve. Thus, it is necessary to perform a filtering step to attenuate the speckle noise without eliminating relevant anatomical details that are required for high-level tasks, such as segmentation of nerve structures. In this paper, we propose an UI improvement strategy with the use of a pre-image-based filter. In particular, we map the input images by a nonlinear function (kernel). Specifically, we employ a correntropy-based mapping as kernel functional to code higher-order statistics of the input data under both nonlinear and non-Gaussian conditions. We validate our approach against an UI dataset focused on nerve segmentation for PNB. Likewise, our Correntropy-based Pre-Image Filtering (CPIF) is applied as a pre-processing stage to segment nerve structures in a UI. The segmentation performance is measured in terms of the Dice coefficient. According to the results, we observe that CPIF finds a suitable approximation for UI by highlighting discriminative nerve patterns.
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S., Kristian Adi, Suhatati Tjandra und S. T. B. Tambunan. „Perancangan Website Human Resource Administration“. Journal of Information System,Graphics, Hospitality and Technology 1, Nr. 01 (10.05.2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37823/insight.v1i01.8.
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Pengelolaan sumber daya manusia merupakan salah satu faktor utama dalam pengembangan suatu perusahaan. Pengaturan Sumber daya manusia pada sebuah perusahaan sangatlah rumit dan membutuhkan ketelitian. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu sistem yang dapat membantu tugas HRD pada perusahaan yang disebut Human resource Management System (HRM System). Kesalahan yang kecil pada pengaturan sumber daya manusia pada perusahaan akan berakibat fatal terutama pengaturan yang berhubungan dengan anggaran atau biaya. Penggaturan angaran untuk sumber daya manusia membutuhkan bantuan dalam hal pencatatan maupun sistem yang akurat sehingga tidak ada kesalahan dan celah yang merugikan pihak perusahaan dan pegawai. Perancangan Website ini, bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem Human Resource Administration dengan menggunakan jaringan intranet. Pembuatan akan dibantu dengan kerangka kerja untuk pembuatan website yang bernama Laravel guna memudahkan pembuatan serta pengembangan website kedepanya. Website ini juga dilengkapi dengan database MySql dan Semantic UI sebagai tampilan utama website
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Mala, J., J.-F. Beckers, N. Melo de Sousa, E. Indrova, M. Lopatarova, R. Dolezel und S. Cech. „Intrafollicular LH administration in dairy heifers treated with a GnRH agonist“. Veterinární Medicína 58, No. 2 (02.04.2013): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6700-vetmed.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intrafollicular treatment (IFT) with different doses of luteinising hormone. Experimental heifers were treated with a single deslorelin implant to desensitise gonadotroph cells of the pituitary gland. Thereafter, follicular development was stimulated by exogenous FSH treatment. Intrafollicular treatment with 10, 5, 1 and 0.01 µg LH was performed on one single follicle while other follicles remained untreated. Human chorionic gonadotrophine (2000 UI) was administered intravenously as a control. Ovulation and development of the corpus luteum occurred after all intrafollicular treatments with 10 and 5 µg LH. After IFT using 1 µg of LH 75% animals (3/4) ovulated. The dose of 0.01 µg was not followed by any ovulation whereas control treatments with hCG were followed by an ovulation of the majority of follicles present in the ovaries. In conclusion, IFT with different doses of LH (greater than 0.01 µg) is capable of inducing ovulation.
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Dekhtiar, Yu М., F. I. Kostyev und K. A. Zalyva. „FEATURES TREATMENT OF IDIOPATHIC OVERACTIVE BLADDER WITHOUT DETRUSOR OVERACTIVITY“. Likarska sprava, Nr. 7-8 (31.12.2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31640/jvd.7-8.2019(5).
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Introduction. The basis syndrome Overactive Bladder (OB) is detrusor overactivity (DO) – urodynamic concept that refers to spontaneous or provoked by involuntary detrusor contractions during the filling phase Bladder. Currently, there are two main forms of DO: neurogenic and idiopathic. The purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of monotherapy with M-anticholinergic Tolterodine tartrate and its combined administration with the cyclic structural analogue of g-aminobutyric acid Gabantin in patients with idiopathic overactive bladder without detrusor overactivity (IOB). Object and methods. Patients were divided into two groups: group A – 31 patients (19 patients with IOB without Urinary Incontinence (UI) and 12 patients with UI and group B – 32 patients (21 patients with IOB without UI and 11 patients with UI). According to the study design, patients in group A were prescribed M-anticholinergic therapy Tolterodine tartra. Patients in group B received combined therapy with Tolterodin tartrate and Gabapentin for a total course for 8 weeks. Results and discussions. Analysis of the results in group A showed that this type of treatment does not lead to significant improvement. However, 3 patients (9.67 %) had a good result, and 7 patients (22.58 %) had a satisfactory result, the rest (21 patients, 67.74 %) had an unsatisfactory result. But among patients in the group B general, a satisfactory result of treatment was noted in 24 (75 %) patients. An unsatisfactory result was observed in 8 (25 %) patients. Conclusions. Monotherapy with M-anticholinergic in patients with IOB and the absence of DO has little effectiveness and is implemented mainly by reducing Pollakiuria. The symptoms of Urgency are resolved moderately (in 22.58 % of patients) and extremely rarely in full (in 9.67 % of patients). The proposed method of treatment by the combined administration of Tolterodine tartrate and Gabapentin allows to achieve a significantly more pronounced clinical effect manifested in a decrease in Pollakiuria by 64.17 %, Nocturia by 82.18 % and Urgency by 81.40% and UI by 80.66 %.
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Newman, Jill, Michael McBurney, Kelly Hunt, Angela Malek und Bernadette Marriott. „Modeling Possible Outcomes of Updated Daily Values on Nutrient Intakes of the United States Adult Population“. Nutrients 12, Nr. 1 (13.01.2020): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010210.
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The United States (US) Food and Drug Administration has updated the Daily Values (DVs) for the Nutrition Facts Label on packaged foods. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2012 data with the International Life Sciences Institute, North America Fortification Database, which identifies intrinsic, mandatory enriched, and fortified sources of nutrients in foods and beverages, to model the new DVs’ potential impact on adult (≥19 years of age) intake. We assumed that manufacturers will adjust voluntary fortification to maintain percent DV claims. We assessed the percent of the US population whose usual intake (UI) was < the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), and ≥ the Upper Limit (UL) based on the current DVs, and modeled estimated UI and %<EAR with the new DVs (Updated DV) for 12 micronutrients. Modeling for vitamins B12, A, B6, riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, and zinc predicts fewer voluntarily fortified foods and reduced adult UI. Assuming manufacturers add more vitamins C and D and calcium to foods, the Updated DV predicts the adult UI will increase for these nutrients. Our modeling predicts a 15% reduction in overall adult vitamin A intake, a recognized “shortfall nutrient” and that even with the increased DV for vitamin D, 70% of US adults are predicted to have an intake <EAR.
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Harchegani, Asghar Beigi, Abolfazl Khor, Mahdiyeh Mirnam Niha, Hamid Bakhtiari Kaboutaraki, Hossein Shirvani und Alireza Shahriary. „The hepatoprotective and antioxidative effect of saffron stigma alcoholic extract against vincristine sulfate induced toxicity in rats“. Interdisciplinary Toxicology 12, Nr. 4 (01.12.2019): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/intox-2019-0023.
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AbstractVincristine (VCR) is an important anti-cancer drug, which is highly toxic for the liver. This study aimed at evaluating the protective effect of alcoholic extract of saffron stigma against vincristine hepatotoxicity in the rat. A total number of 50 rats were randomly divided into 10 groups, including controls, rats receiving 0.25 mg/kg (A group), 0.5 mg/kg (B group), 0.75 mg/kg (C group) VCR, 0.25 mg/kg VCR + 0.5 mg/kg saffron (D group), 0.5 mg/kg VCR + 0.5 mg/kg saffron (E group), 0.75 mg/kg VCR + 0.5 mg/kg saffron (F group), 0.25 mg/kg VCR + 1mg/kg saffron (G group), 0.5 mg/kg VCR + 1 mg/kg saffron (H group), and 0.75 mg/kg VCR + 1 mg/kg saffron (I group) groups. Serum level of liver enzymes, including aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin were measured using specific kits at the end of the experimental period. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) values were measured using ferric reducing antioxidant of power (FRAP) and thiobarbituric acid reaction (TBAR) methods, respectively. Administration of VCR, especially at the concentration of 0.75mg/kg, caused severe hepatic injury with significant increase in the levels of AST (582.0±39.45 UI), ALT (124.0±5.92 UI), ALP (939.8±89.8 UI) enzymes and bilirubin (0.17±0.008). VCR administration also significantly increased the serum MDA level (0.49±0.021 nmol/ml), while TAC value was declined significantly (241.27±18.27 μmol/l). These effects were dose-dependent. Treatment with saffron extract decreased the activity of liver enzymes and MDA values in hepatotoxic rats with a significant enhancement in serum TAC content. These effects were notable for rats that received 1mg/kg plant extract. Administration of saffron, especially at higher concentration, can reduce VCR-induced hepatotoxicity, antioxidant depletion and lipid peroxidation, presumably due to its antioxidative properties.
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Ralchev, I., T. Maslev, M. Todorov und T. Hristova. „Gonadotropic action of medication administered in various doses to synchronise the oestrus of anoestral sheep“. Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 23, Nr. 5-6-1 (2007): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0701339r.
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The experiment included 20 ewes of the Tsigai breed, allocated in two groups of 10 animals each. Inducing of oestrus synchronisation was performed during anoestral season (April - May) through vaginal sponges containing gestagens, and administration of Gravohormon (Vetbiopharm, Bulgaria) - 500 UI in group 1 ewes and 1000 UI in group 2 ewes. Macromorphological study of the ovaries was carried out by means of laparoscopy after the adopted methods - on the 56th hour, 72nd hour and 5th day following sponge withdrawal and injection of gonadotropin. The levels of the steroid hormones progesteron and 17?-oestradiol were recorded in three ewes per each group at different times according to the experiment scheme. The histological structure of the ovaries was determined in seven animals subjected to ovariectomy.
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Ralchev, I., T. Maslev, M. Todorov und Ts Hristova. „Gonadotropic action of medication administered in various doses to synchronise the oestrus of anoestral sheep“. Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 24, Nr. 3-4 (2008): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0804067r.
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The experiment included 20 ewes of the Tsigai breed, allocated in two groups of 10 animals each. Inducing of oestrus synchronisation was performed during anoestral season (April - May) through vaginal sponges containing gestagens, and administration of Gravohormon (Vetbiopharm, Bulgaria) - 500 UI in group 1 ewes and 1000 UI in group 2 ewes. Macromorphological study of the ovaries was carried out by means of laparoscopy after the adopted methods - on the 56th hour, 72nd hour and 5th day following sponge withdrawal and injection of gonadotropin. The levels of the steroid hormones progesteron and 17?-oestradiol were recorded in three ewes per each group at different times according to the experiment scheme. The histological structure of the ovaries was determined in seven animals subjected to ovariectomy.
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Sancoko, S. „Tinjauan kualitas informasi sistem pembelajaran e-learning scele.ui.ac.id (studi kasus: mahasiswa bidang administrasi program vokasi UI)“. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi 7, Nr. 1 (28.02.2017): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v7i1.11928.
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Universitas Indonesia memiliki banyak aplikasi sistem informasi manajamen (SIM). Salah satunya ialah media pembelajaran scele.ui.ac.id. Scele.ui.ac.id banyak digunakan para pengampu matakuliah berbasis IT atau pernah mengikuti pelatihan scele.ui.ac.id ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan tentang kualitas informasi output dari scele.ui.ac.id. Ada 3 aspek yang diuji dalam penelitian ini yaitu: Aspek Bentuk, Aspek Isi dan Aspek waktu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, yaitu penelitian yang menggambarkan atau mendeskripsikan kumpulan data atas hasil pengamatan yang telah dilakukan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah mahasiswa Bidang Administrasi Program Vokasi UI tahun 2014-2016. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas dari output scele.ui.ac.id berada ditahap berkualitas.Kata kunci: sistem informasi, kualitas informasi QUALITY INFORMATION REVIEW OF SCELE.UI.AC.ID E-LEARNING LEARNING SYSTEM (CASE STUDY: STUDENTS OF VOCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM OF UI) AbstractUniversitas Indonesia has many applications of management information systems(MIS). One of them is the instructional media scele.ui.ac.id. Scele.ui.ac.id is used by many lectures of IT-based courses or they who attended the scele.ui.ac.id training. This study aims to explain the quality of information output from scele.ui.ac.id. Three aspects that were tested in this study are: Form Aspect, Fill Aspect and Time Aspect. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method with quantitative approach, is research that describes a collection of data on the observations that have been made. The population in this study is students of Administration UI Vocational Program year 2014-2016. Based on these results it can be concluded that the quality output of scele.ui.ac.id is good.Keywords: information systems, quality of information.
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Kaliski, Stephan F., Doug May und Alton Hollett. „The Rock in a Hard Place, Atlantic Canada and the UI Trap“. Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 22, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1996): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3551460.
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Tabucanon, Allan Sriratana, Alisa Sahavacharin, San Rathviboon, Husna Lhaetee, Dhitiya Pakdeesom, Wenchao Xue und Kitikorn Charmondusit. „Investigating the Critical Issues for Enhancing Sustainability in Higher Education Institutes in Thailand“. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, Nr. 3 (22.06.2021): 503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160311.
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Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), by and large, have increasingly committed to integrate sustainable development (SD) into their policies, practices, and programs. Recently, there have been several sustainability assessment tools specifically developed for HEIs. Many HEIs, especially small-to-middle sized HEIs in Thailand, are planning to enhance SD but are reluctant due to resource requirements. This study was conducted to investigate important sustainability implementation issues, including the effect of HEI sizes and UI GreenMetric participation. A weighting approach on sustainability dimensions and issues was utilized, and HEI’s sustainability reports and official websites were reviewed to evaluate their sustainability performance of large-, middle-, and small-sized HEIs as well as UI GreenMetric participants and non-participants in Thailand. The findings reveal that the issues of the sustainability-integrated vision and strategy, safety and well-being, waste, and the SD-enhancing educational system were fundamentally critical for HEI sustainability. Moreover, most of the large-sized HEIs in Thailand that participated in UI GreenMetric were evaluated to have higher sustainability performance than others, apparently in administration, environment, and education/research dimensions. This study supports the necessity for a sustainability assessment tool for HEIs.
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Zhang, Zhe, Yuan Zhou, Yi-You Zou, Li Wang, Zhi-Chun Yang, Ren Guo, Dai Li, Jun Peng und Yuan-Jian Li. „Detrimental effects of nicotine on the acute gastric mucosal injury induced by ethanol: role of asymmetric dimethylarginine“. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 86, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2008): 835–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y08-093.
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The aim of this study was to determine whether asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is responsible for the detrimental effects of nicotine on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury and its underlying mechanisms. Gastric mucosal injury was induced by an injection of ethanol in the stomach in rats. Animals were pretreated with nicotine for 28 days before ethanol injection. The gastric mucosal ulcer index (UI) and the levels of ADMA and NO in gastric juice were determined. In vitro, the cultured mucosal epithelial cells were treated with nicotine in the presence or absence of ethanol. The concentration of ADMA in the culture medium and the ratio of cell apoptosis were measured, and the effect of nicotine or ADMA alone on cell apoptosis was also examined. In rats treated with ethanol, the UI and ADMA levels were increased and the NO level was decreased, and these effects of ethanol were augmented by pretreatment with nicotine. Administration of nicotine alone did not show significant impact on UI, ADMA level, or NO level. In vitro, incubation of human epithelial cells with ethanol induced cell injury accompanied by increased ADMA levels in the culture medium, an effect which was amplified in the presence of nicotine. Similarly, ethanol was able to induce epithelial cell apoptosis that was exacerbated by nicotine. Incubation of epithelial cells with nicotine alone did not induce cell apoptosis, but administration of ADMA alone did induce cell apoptosis. The results suggest that the gastric mucosal injury induced by ethanol is augmented by nicotine, which is related to the increased ADMA level.
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Corak, Miles. „Unemployment Insurance Once Again: The Incidence of Repeat Participation in the Canadian UI Program“. Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 19, Nr. 2 (Juni 1993): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3551680.
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Coelho, Iara Maria Gomes, Luena Dias de Andrade, Lunnara Saldanha, Erik Trovão Diniz, Luiz Griz und Francisco Bandeira. „Bioavailability of vitamin D3 in non-oily capsules: the role of formulated compounds and implications for intermittent replacement“. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 54, Nr. 2 (März 2010): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302010000200022.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the bioavailability of vitamin D in capsules as compared with oily drops in nuns living in a closed community with very low sun exposure. METHODS: A randomized, 2 x 2 crossover, open clinical trial was conducted, with 18 nuns aged between 20 and 75 years. Samples were collected in the fasting state and at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours following the administration of capsules and oily drops (both containing vitamin D3 66,000 UI plus vitamin A 13,200 UI) to determine serum 25 hydroxivitamin D concentrations (25OHD), at baseline and 90 days after. The evaluation was based on the maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC0-24). RESULTS: The capsule formulation presented Cmax and AUC0-24, 5.78% and 0.76%, respectively, greater than the oily drops formulation. CONCLUSION: Both formulations were within the limits for a bioequivalence study, namely C-90% for Cmax and AUC0-24, and the drugs were considered bioequivalent.
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Newman, Jill, Michael McBurney, Kelly Hunt, Angela Malek und Bernadette Marriott. „Modeling Nutrient Intakes for Current and Revised Daily Values of Children and Teens (4–18 Years) in the United States Population“. Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29.05.2020): 1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_090.
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Abstract Objectives In 2016, the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration updated the Daily Values (DVs) on the Nutrition Facts Label for packaged foods and beverages. Implementation of these changes is required by manufacturers in 2020–2021. This study modeled the possible impact of these changes on nutrient intake of children and teens from intrinsic and fortified food sources. Methods We used data from the 2009–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with the International Life Sciences Institute, North America Fortification Database, which identifies intrinsic, enriched, and fortified sources of nutrients in foods and beverages. In our sample of 5155 children and teens aged 4–18 yrs, we determined the usual intake (UI), % UI < the Estimated Average Requirement (% <EAR), and % ≥the Tolerable Upper Limit (% ≥ UL) based on the current DVs. We modeled estimated UI, % <EAR and % ≥ UL using the updated DVs for 10 micronutrients with the assumption that fortified food products will be reformatted to maintain current % DV claims. UI was based on two 24-hr recalls. Results Comparison of models of the current versus updated DVs overall, demonstrated increases in the UI for vitamins C, D and calcium; a decrease for vitamins A and B12; slight decreases for niacin, zinc and vitamin B6; and little change for thiamin and riboflavin. Conversely, the % <EAR increased for vitamins A, B6, B12 and zinc; slightly increased for thiamin, riboflavin and niacin; and decreased for calcium, vitamins C and D. The % ≥ UL decreased for zinc (20%), niacin (38%) and vitamin A (65%) and remained unchanged for other nutrients studied. Modeling of the % <EAR indicated that teens 14–18 yrs could be severely deficient in vitamins A, C and D. The updated DV helped mitigate this deficiency for vitamins C and D, but worsened it for vitamin A. Younger children (4–8 yrs) had the greatest impact in UI from the revised DV for vitamin C. Conclusions In 4–18 yr olds, our modeling predicts reductions in overall vitamin A intake, a recognized “shortfall nutrient”, with an especially large increase in % <EAR for teens 14–18 yrs. Teens at greatest risk are those currently dependent upon vitamin A fortified foods. Funding Sources This work was supported by the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) North America Fortification Committee. ILSI North America is a public, nonprofit science foundation.
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Fortin, Bernard, Guy Lacroix, Jean-François Thibault und Jean-Francois Thibault. „The Interaction of UI and Welfare, and the Dynamics of Welfare Participation of Single Parents“. Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 25 (November 1999): S115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3552319.
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Wang, Li, Yuan Zhou, Jun Peng, Zhe Zhang, De-Jian Jiang und Yuan-Jian Li. „Role of endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in gastric mucosal injury“. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 86, Nr. 3 (März 2008): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y08-003.
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To explore the role of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in gastric mucosal injury, 3 models of gastric mucosal injury induced by ethanol, indomethacin, or cold stress were used in rats. The cultured human gastric mucosal epithelial cell line GES-1 infected by Helicobacter pylori (Hp) was selected to mimic human gastric mucosal injury. Gastric mucosal ulcer index (UI), levels of ADMA and NO, and activity of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) were determined in the mucosal injury models; in Hp-infected or ADMA-treated GES-1 cells, levels of ADMA, NO, and TNF-α and activity of DDAH were measured. The results showed that UI and levels of ADMA were markedly increased and accompanied by significantly decreased DDAH activity in the mucosal injury models. Incubation of GES-1 cells with Hp increased levels of TNF-α and ADMA and decreased activity of DDAH. Administration of ADMA also increased levels of TNF-α. The results suggest that ADMA plays an important role in facilitating gastric mucosal injury, an effect which is associated with inhibiting NO synthesis and inducing inflammatory reaction.
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Gmyr, Valery, Caroline Bonner, Ericka Moerman, Antoine Tournoys, Nathalie Delalleau, Audrey Quenon, Julien Thevenet et al. „Human Recombinant Antithrombin (ATryn®) Administration Improves Survival and Prevents Intravascular Coagulation after Intraportal Islet Transplantation in a Piglet Model“. Cell Transplantation 26, Nr. 2 (Februar 2017): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096368916x693554.
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Human islet transplantation is a viable treatment option for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, pancreatic islet inflammation after transplantation induced by innate immune responses is likely to hinder graft function. This is mediated by incompatibility between islets and the blood interface, known as instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR). Herein we hypothesized that portal venous administration of islet cells with human recombinant antithrombin (ATryn®), a serine protease inhibitor (serpin), which plays a central role in the physiological regulation of coagulation and exerts indirect anti-inflammatory activities, may offset coagulation abnormalities such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and IBMIR. The current prospective, randomized experiment was conducted using an established preclinical pig model. Three groups were constituted for digested pancreatic tissue transplantation (0.15 ml/kg): control, NaCl 0.9% ( n = 7); gold standard, heparin (25 UI/kg) ( n = 7); and human recombinant ATryn® (500 UI/kg) ( n = 7). Blood samples were collected over time (T0 to 24 h), and biochemical, coagulation, and inflammatory parameters were evaluated. In both the control and heparin groups, one animal died after a portal thrombosis, while no deaths occurred in the ATryn®-treated group. As expected, islet transplantation was associated with an increase in plasma IL-6 or TNF-α levels in all three groups. However, DIC was only observed in the control group, an effect that was suppressed after ATryn® administration. ATryn® administration increased antithrombin activity by 800%, which remained at 200% for the remaining period of the study, without any hemorrhagic complications. These studies suggest that coadministration of ATryn® and pancreatic islets via intraportal transplantation may be a valuable therapeutic approach for DIC without risk for islets and subjects.
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Zalewski, Maciej, Gabriela Kołodyńska, Agata Zalewska und Waldemar Andrzejewski. „Comparative Assessment of Female Sexual Function Following Transobturator Midurethral Sling for Stress Urinary Incontinence“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 5 (25.02.2021): 2286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052286.
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Urinary incontinence (UI) is a significant social problem. According to the World Health Organization, UI affects as much as 30% of premenopausal women and 60% of postmenopausal women. Urinary incontinence can lead to certain problems that negatively affect a woman’s sex life. They result from the fact that certain processes take place in the body during intercourse. As a result of orgasm, the intra-abdominal pressure increases, which in women with urinary incontinence can cause an uncontrolled leakage of urine. The discomfort that this causes, in turn, lowers sexual attractiveness, as well as causes embarrassment. The study involved 50 patients hospitalized in the period from February to May 2019 at the Gynecology Department of the Independent Public Healthcare Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Wrocław. All patients underwent surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence using the transobturator tape (TOT) method. To assess sexuality, the international standardized Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Analysis of the results obtained from the FSFI questionnaire shows that the operation significantly affects the reduction in pain sensation during intercourse, a reduction in the sensation of sexual arousal, and a worsening vaginal wetness. Stress urinary incontinence significantly affects women’s sex life.
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Bragadóttir, Helga, und Teddie Potter. „Educating nurse leaders to think globally with international collaborative learning“. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research 39, Nr. 4 (11.07.2019): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057158519856271.
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Given the rapid pace of change and globalization, leaders in healthcare must be educated to think globally even if they only act locally. This short article discusses the experience of a collaborative online international learning (COIL) project between the University of Iceland (UI) and the University of Minnesota (UMN) in the United States. The project was embedded into graduate courses in nursing administration and leadership. COIL courses require substantial collaboration but, when done well, COIL transforms teaching so that global awareness of students and faculty is enhanced and widens their horizons as well as their cultural sensitivity.
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Rossi, Jean-Francois, Ernesto Lopez, Tarik Kanouni, Robert Navarro, Marc Borghero und Pascal Latry. „Pharmaco-Economic Impact of Transfusion and Erythropoietin (EPO) Administration for Patients Having Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) in an Hematology Department.“ Blood 106, Nr. 11 (16.11.2005): 4185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4185.4185.
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Abstract The University Hospital of Montpellier is the major university hospital in Languedoc-Roussillon, a region with 2.4 milions of inhabitants including 23–26% of the population having more than 65 years. This hospital includes 1015 beds and places in medicine, and 809 in surgery. Total cost of the products for transfusion concerning the hospital is 7 7606 121$. For the hematology department (56 beds, with 130–150 transplantations per year), the cost of the transfusion products represents 39.53% of the whole budget. 21.26% of the total expenditure of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and 70.17% of the total expenditure of platelet transfusion are from this hematology department. The outpatient clinic of the department (12 beds) is the major localization for transfusing patients with MDS, representing around 20% of the activity in this part of the department. The total fee of transfusion products for this outpatient clinic is 798 739 $ with 351 464$ for RBC transfusion, representing 44%, while RBC transfusion represents 28% of the activity for the whole department, with 19.7% of increase between 2003 and 2004. The activity of hematology is linked to 2 other sites for outpatient and hospitalization in the region of Languedoc-Roussillon (including 35+10 additional beds). Similar increase of the transfusion was observed. New system of price list concerning medical activity in hospitals has been established in France, with a transfusion price fixed at 873$. By using this new accounting, transfusion appears to be slightly in deficit for an outpatient clinic in a university hospital such ours, considering the other medical activities, particularly transplantation and ambulatory chemotherapy. In addition, the number of patients with MDS is increasing in the region, according to the increase of elderness and number of treated cancers. From 01/02 to 04/05, we treat new patients having MDS, excluding AREB-t, by EPO, subcutaneously, from 12 000 to 60 000 UI per week. 85 patients entered this study. The response rate was based on an increase of hemoglobin level superior or equal to 1.5g%, or a reduction superior or equal to 30% of the transfusion consumption observed for more than 6 months. 22% of the patients reached one of these criteria, with 35% of the patients having refractory anemia (RA), sideroblastic RA or 5q- RA and only 12% of the patients having AREB. Only 5% of the patients transfused had a benefit of EPO. In some patients, we observed a dose effect of EPO between 10 000 and 40 000 UI, but at a lesser extend between 40 to 60 000 UI per week, and lasting less than 3 months. Mean duration of the effect was 1.6 year, depending the transformation risk. Benefit of EPO was not correlated with the hemoglobin level at the inclusion but to the status of MDS. Whole data concerning the indirect and direct costs will be presented for this cohort.
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Teste, Iliana Sosa, Yuneidys Mengana Tamos, Yamila Rodríguez Cruz, Adriana Muñoz Cernada, Janette Cruz Rodríguez, Nelvis Subirós Martínez, Rosa Maria Coro Antich, Alina González-Quevedo und Julio Cesar García Rodríguez. „Dose Effect Evaluation and Therapeutic Window of the Neuro-EPO Nasal Application for the Treatment of the Focal Ischemia Model in the Mongolian Gerbil“. Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/607498.
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Cerebrovascular disease is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability in Cuba and in several developed countries. A possible neuroprotective agent is the rHu-EPO, whose effects have been demonstrated in models of brain ischemia. The Neuro-EPO is a derivative of the rHu-EPO that avoids the stimulation of erythropoiesis. The aim of this study was to determine the Neuro-EPO delivery into the central nervous system (CNS) to exert a neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia model of the Mongolian gerbil. The Neuro-EPO in a rate of 249.4 UI every 8 hours for 4 days showed 25% higher viability efficacy (), improving neurological score and behavior of the spontaneous exploratory activity, the preservation of CA3 areas of the hippocampus, the cortex, and thalamic nuclei in the focal ischemia model of the Mongolian gerbil. In summary, this study, the average dose-used Neuro-EPO (249.4 UI/10 μL/every 8 hours for 4 days), proved to be valid indicators of viability, neurological status, and spontaneous exploratory activity, being significantly lower than that reported for the systemically use of the rHu-EPO as a neuroprotectant. Indeed, up to 12 h after brain ischemia is very positive Neuro-EPO administration by the nasal route as a candidate for neuroprotection.
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Popiolek, Iwona, Piotr Hydzik, Pawel Jagielski, Monika Zrodlowska, Karol Mystek und Grzegorz Porebski. „Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity Due to Paracetamol Overdose in Adults“. Medicina 57, Nr. 8 (25.07.2021): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57080752.
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Background and Objectives: Over-the-counter availability and a good safety profile make paracetamol one of the most common analgesics in developed countries but also the leading cause of liver failure due to overdose. The objectives of the study were to identify modifiable risk factors for severe hepatotoxicity following paracetamol overdose in adults. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study involved the consecutive adult patients hospitalized in a toxicological center over a period of seven years due to paracetamol overdose. Complete medical datasets of laboratory and anamnestic variables were analyzed and validated by means of logistic regression model. Results: A total of 185 patients entered the study, including 25 individuals who developed severe hepatotoxicity (plasma aminotransferases levels above 1000 UI/L) and 31 individuals with mild to moderate liver injury (plasma aminotransferases levels above upper normal range, but below 1000 UI/L). In the univariable analysis, significant hepatotoxicity risk factors were male gender, alcohol abuse, an ingested paracetamol dose, and a timespan from ingestion to hospital admission. The later one was the only significant risk factor in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03–1.12). Conclusions: A delay in hospital admission, resulting in a delayed administration of disease-specific treatment outweighs any other known risk factors of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Savino, F., S. Ceratto, E. Poggi, M. E. Cartosio, L. Cordero di Montezemolo und A. Giannattasio. „Preventive effects of oral probiotic on infantile colic: a prospective, randomised, blinded, controlled trial using Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938“. Beneficial Microbes 6, Nr. 3 (01.01.2015): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2014.0090.
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Infants were recruited in four centres in North-West Italy. 138 infants were assessed for eligibility, 113 ones underwent randomisation and 105 completed the study. Newborns aged less than 10 days of life, with gestational age between 37 and 42 weeks, birth weight from 2,500 to 4,300 g and normal physical examination were recruitable. Premature infants and infants affected by outcomes of perinatal hypoxia or necrotising enterocolitis have been excluded. Patients were randomly assigned to receive five drops containing Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (108 cfu) with 400 UI of vitamin D3 or only 400 UI of vitamin D3 daily. The primary endpoints concern the administration of pain relieving agents (cimetropium bromide at least three times per week or simethicone at least five times per week) from baseline to 12 weeks. Additional analyses were done on the percentage of infants that switched from an exclusive breastfeeding to a partial or exclusive formula feeding from baseline to 12 weeks. Data concerning the number of calls to the paediatricians and the number of visits at paediatricians’ ambulatories due to infantile colic have been collected by paediatrician and analysed. Comparing the two groups, the relative risk was 0.04 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.01-0.31) for cimetropium bromide, 0.24 (95% CI=0.14-0.41) for simethicone and 0.37 (95% CI=0.17-0.80) for the administration of infant formula, showing a protective action of L. reuteri. The treatment group showed a lower number of paediatric consultations related to episodes of infant colic than the control group (P<0.0001). L. reuteri DSM 17938 supplementation at the tested dosage could reduce parental discomfort due to infantile colic. The consumption of this probiotic is associated with a reduction of paediatric consultations for infantile colic, as well as use of pain relieving agents and of infant formula.
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Kumar Stephen. K, Vimal, und V. Mathivanan. „An Advancement in Paper Receipts the Electronic Receipt Administration Framework“. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 8, Nr. 3 (01.12.2017): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i3.pp631-632.
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<p>The issue our group locations is best conveyed in the accompanying inquiry: Given the quantity of dealers, shoppers, and money related organizations in the U.S., how might we assemble a recordkeeping framework that enhances the ease of use, availability, and supportability of customer exchange records. A current review demonstrates that 80% of the U.S. populace gets one to three receipts a day, 11% of which promptly escape With America's retailers creating roughly 228.7 million pounds of receipt paper every year, this means 22.87 million pounds of paper that in a flash move toward becoming refuse . Promote, the present framework does not make receipts promptly open to traders and shoppers when they require them. In this venture, our group means to enhance the administration of shopper exchange records while diminishing the quantity of receipts imprinted in the United States. An answer for this issue will likewise furnish buyers with a more advantageous approach to screen their ways of managing money.</p><p>The framework is made out of four sections: an electronic UI, a deride money enroll, a receipt administration database, and a XML convention that conveys between the money enlist and the receipt database. On the off chance that executed on a national scale, this electronic receipt administration framework would permit clients (dealers, shoppers, and monetary organizations) access to all receipt information in one area and in one steady configuration, in this way wiping out the requirement for paper receipts.</p>
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Fassio, A., G. Adami, O. Viapiana, G. Orsolini, A. Giollo, M. Rossini und D. Gatti. „AB0893 THE EFFECTS OF THREE DIFFERENT VITAMIN D3 SUPPLEMENTATION REGIMENS IN DEFICIENT SUBJECTS - A RANDOMIZED OPEN-LABEL PARALLEL GROUP STUDY.“ Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (Juni 2020): 1750.2–1751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3641.
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Background:Currently, most experts agree that levels of serum 25OH-Vitamin D (25OHD) lower than 20 ng/mL represent an acceptable threshold for deficiency (1). However, recommendations for vitamin D supplementation vary between scientific societies, and the best regimen to treat deficient patients is still not clear (1).Objectives:The aim of our study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profile of three different regimes of cholecalciferol supplementation in terms of 25OHD exposure and their safety profiles.Methods:We evaluated, in healthy subjects affected by vitamin D deficiency (defined as 25OHD<20 ng/mL), 18 to 60 years of age, the efficacy of three different oral supplementation regimens: daily 10,000Iu administered for 8 weeks, weekly 50,000Iu for 12 weeks and biweekly 100,000Iu for 12 weeks. Serum 25OHD was dosed at baseline, at week 2, 4, 8 in all three groups and also at week 12 in the 50,000 and 100,000Iu groups (the blood sample was taken before the drug administration if scheduled on the same day). Baseline characteristics and 25OHD changes from baseline to the various observation points were tested with ANOVA and t-test. 25OHD was measured by the IDS-ISYSMulti-Discipline automated analyser (Immunodiagnostic System, Boldon, UK) based on chemiluminescence technology. The CV intra-assay measured in our laboratory was 6% (inter-assay CV 9%). The study was authorized by the local ethical committee (protocol DIBA/11. Supported by Abiogen Pharma, Italy).Results:A total of 75 subjects were randomized to receive one supplementation regimen. The descriptive of the sample at baseline and relative 25OHD levels at the various observation points are reported in table 1. 25OHD increased significantly already at week 2 in all three groups (p=0.000). At week 2, 100% of the subject of the daily regimen group presented 25OHD levels >20ng/mL, 96% in the weekly and 88% in the biweekly ones.Table 1.mean values ± SD at the different observation points.ParameterDaily 10.000 Ui(N = 25)Weekly 50.000 Ui(n = 25)Biweekly 100.000 Ui(N = 25)p-valueM:F12:137:1812:13Age (years)30.2 ± 9.936.7 ± 8.735.4 ± 11.0*0.059Body Weight (kg)65.8 ± 13.267.8 ± 10.866.6 ± 13.7*NSHeight (m)1.7 ± 0.11.68 ± 0.11.7 ± 0.1*NSBMI22.55 ± 2.723.8 ± 2.222.8 ± 2.7*NSBaseline 25OHD (ng/mL)14.6 ± 3.912.8 ± 313.5 ± 4.1*NS25OHD week 232.3 ± 526.5 ± 3.425.6 ± 5a0.007b0.00025OHD week 455 ± 10.139.9 ± 4.236.9 ± 7.2a0.000b0.00025OHD week 879.1 ± 16.253.5 ± 7.246.4 ± 8.2a0.000b0.000c0.00125OHD week 12NA58.5 ± 7.850.6 ± 9.6b0.000c0.001*ANOVA test.aDaily 10.000 Ui vs weekly 50.000 Ui.bDaily 10.000 Ui vs Biweekly 100.000 Ui.cWeekly 50.000 Ui vs biweekly 100.000 Ui.In addition, the 25OH levels of the daily regimen group at week 8 were higher than both the ones of the weekly and the biweekly regimen groups both at week 8 and week 12 (p<0.000 vs both groups).No serious adverse event occurred.Conclusion:All the three different regimens proved to be effective in correcting vitamin D deficiency already after 1 months (2 weeks for the daily regimen). A more refracted approach seems to more effective than the bolus-based regimens. The safety profile was excellent in all groups.References:[1]R. Bouillon, Comparative analysis of nutritional guidelines for vitamin D, Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 13 (2017) 466–479.https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2017.31.Disclosure of Interests:Angelo Fassio Speakers bureau: Angelo Fassio reports personal fees from: Abiogen and Novartis, outside the submitted work., Giovanni Adami: None declared, Ombretta Viapiana: None declared, Giovanni Orsolini: None declared, Alessandro Giollo: None declared, Maurizio Rossini Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Abiogen, Amgen, BMS, Eli-Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Sandoz and UCB, Davide Gatti Speakers bureau: Davide Gatti reports personal fees from Abiogen, Amgen, Janssen-Cilag, Mundipharma, outside the submitted work.
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Zaniolo, Orietta. „Pharmacoeconomic profile of vitamin D3: in the prevention of osteoporosis“. Farmeconomia. Health economics and therapeutic pathways 7, Nr. 1 (15.03.2006): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/fe.v7i1.688.
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Hypovitaminosis D is one of the principal risk factors for osteoporosis. Some studies estimated that more of 40% of Italian women over sixty are osteoporotic. Osteoporotic fracture is a significant cause of morbidity and cost. In Italy, in 2002, the global burden for hip fractures in over 65-years old patients has been estimated in more than one billion euro. Administration of vitamin D to prevent pathological fractures has a low cost-efficacy ratio, which reaches dominance compared to non-treatment in women over 70, i.e. avoided management costs of fractures exceed cost of therapy. In primary prevention, use of vitamin D3 involves some advantages with respect to partially or totally activated forms: higher safety and tolerability, lower costs and less frequent administrations. In order to prevent hypovitaminosis D, Regional Health Service of Toscana started to dispense free cholecalciferol to every person with more than 65 years (two 300.000 UI vials). The impact on the National Health Service budget, supposing all Italians over 65 would take cholecalciferol, has been estimated; annual savings resulted in more than 100.000.000 euro, only for hospitalization costs due to avoided fractures.
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Etani, Reo, Takahiro Kataoka, Norie Kanzaki, Akihiro Sakoda, Hiroshi Tanaka, Yuu Ishimori, Fumihiro Mitsunobu, Takehito Taguchi und Kiyonori Yamaoka. „Protective effects of hot spring water drinking and radon inhalation on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in mice“. Journal of Radiation Research 58, Nr. 5 (12.05.2017): 614–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrx021.
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ABSTRACT Radon therapy using radon (222Rn) gas is classified into two types of treatment: inhalation of radon gas and drinking water containing radon. Although short- or long-term intake of spa water is effective in increasing gastric mucosal blood flow, and spa water therapy is useful for treating chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer, the underlying mechanisms for and precise effects of radon protection against mucosal injury are unclear. In the present study, we examined the protective effects of hot spring water drinking and radon inhalation on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in mice. Mice inhaled radon at a concentration of 2000 Bq/m3 for 24 h or were provided with hot spring water for 2 weeks. The activity density of 222Rn ranged from 663 Bq/l (start point of supplying) to 100 Bq/l (end point of supplying). Mice were then orally administered ethanol at three concentrations. The ulcer index (UI), an indicator of mucosal injury, increased in response to the administration of ethanol; however, treatment with either radon inhalation or hot spring water inhibited the elevation in the UI due to ethanol. Although no significant differences in antioxidative enzymes were observed between the radon-treated groups and the non-treated control groups, lipid peroxide levels were significantly lower in the stomachs of mice pre-treated with radon or hot spring water. These results suggest that hot spring water drinking and radon inhalation inhibit ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury.
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Branco, Patrícia Q., Cristina P. Abreu, Pedro Pessegueiro, Manuel Amoedo, Anabela Rodrigues, Antonio Cabrita, Margarida Bruges, Edgar de Almeida und Mateus Martins Prata. „Anaemia Management in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis in Portugal: A Nationwide Multicenter Survey.“ Blood 106, Nr. 11 (16.11.2005): 3753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3753.3753.
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Abstract Introduction: The European Best Practice Guidelines for the Anaemia Management (EBPG) recently published emerged as an international standard in the management of anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of theses guidelines in the clinical practice in Portugal. Methods: This epidemiological, multicentric and cross-sectional study included patients on peritoneal dialysis that were under erythropoietin treatment in Portugal during 2004. Etiology of CKD, prevalence and anaemia treatment, comorbidity and side effects were evaluated. Results: 220 patients from 5 Units were evaluated. Mean haemoglobin was 12.34 g/dL and only 13,2% of patients had haemoglobin <11 g/dL. Ninety-nine percent of patients were treated with erythropoietin: 65% with beta erythropoietin (beta) and 35% with darbepoetin alfa (darbe). Subcutaneous route had been used in all cases: 5,4% with once-monthly administration (darbe), 19,55 % two times monthly (darbe and beta), 59% with once a week regimen (darbe and beta), 11,55% in two weekly doses (beta) and 4,5% in three weekly administrations (beta). Doses requirements were different according to administration frequency. More than 85% of patients had haemoglobin > 11 g/dl and no significant difference in haemoglobin levels was achieved in the two groups (beta and darbe). Erythropoietin doses were greater in the group treated with darbe (127 versus 113 UI/kg/week), but inflammation markers were significantly higher as well diabetic patients in this group. Conclusion: These results suggest that, according to the EBPG’s, mostly patients on PD in Portugal are already being well treated presenting heamoglobin levels in the therapeutic range.
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Richard-Carpentier, Guillaume, Normand Blais und Benjamin Rioux-Masse. „Use Of Prothrombin Complex Concentrates In Patients With Hepatic Coagulopathy: A Single Center Retrospective“. Blood 122, Nr. 21 (15.11.2013): 2400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.2400.2400.
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Abstract Background The National Advisory Committee on Blood and Blood Products (NAC) of Canada (Canadian Blood Services) do not recommend the use of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC) in patients with liver disease except in selected circumstances. There is a concern about their potential association with thromboembolic events in this patients’ population. The Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM) is a major reference center in hepatology and liver transplantation in Quebec, Canada. PCC have been used in selected patients with liver disease in this center. This study aims to analyze the efficacy and security of this use. Methods A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of all patients with liver disease who received PCC at the CHUM between January 1st 2009 and December 31st 2012. During this time period, only 2 four-factor PCCs (Octaplex, Octapharma AG, Switzerland and Beriplex, CSL Behring, USA) were available for use. Adequate dose of PCC was based on NAC recommendations according to the INR (1000 UI for INR <3; 2000 UI for INR 3-5; 3000 UI for INR >5). We collected the INR before and after the administration of PCC and searched for adverse events. Bleeding control was defined by: cessation of bleeding, absence of rebleeding, absence of surgical intervention for hemostasis, and absence of decrease in hemoglobin level 24h post PCC (more than 1g/dL). Results A total of 51 patients were included. Median age was 57 (range; 19-90) and 63% were male (32/51). Forty-one patients (80%) had cirrhosis and nine (18%) had acute liver failure. The status of liver disease could not be determined for one patient. Among patients with cirrhosis, 10 were classified as Child-Pugh A (24%), 13 as Child-Pugh B (32%), and 18 as Child-Pugh C (44%). Ten patients were taking warfarin. Twenty-eight patients (55%) received PCC for bleeding and 20 patients (39%) received PCC before an invasive procedure. Adequate dose of PCC was used in 28 patients (55%). Thirty-one patients (61%) had an INR done within 6 hours of PCC administration. Seventeen patients (33%) had an INR done at 30 minutes and 40 patients (78%) at six hours after PCC administration. The INR was corrected to ≤1.3 in 5 patients (10%) and to ≤1.8 in 30 patients (61%). Eight of ten patients (80%) corrected their INR in the Child-Pugh A group, compared to 10 of 13 (77%) in the Child-Pugh B group, 10 of 17 (59%) in the Child-Pugh C group and 2 of 9 (22%) in the acute liver failure group. Significantly less patients with Child-Pugh C cirrhosis and acute hepatic failure corrected their INR to ≤1.8 when compared to patients with Child-Pugh A and B cirrhosis (p=0.02; chi-square test). Control of bleeding was achieved in 32% of patients (9/28) who received PCC for this indication. Of those patients, the bleeding was controlled in 22% of patients (4/18) when the INR was corrected to ≤1.8 and 44% of patients (4/9) when the INR was not corrected to ≤1.8. Three patients (6%) had thromboembolic events after receiving PCC. One had infectious mitral endocarditis and multiple systemic embolisms, one had a portal vein thrombosis three days after splenectomy, and one had a hepatic artery and portal vein thrombosis after liver transplantation but was know to have a mutation of JAK2. Four patients (8%) died within 24 hours of PCC administration but all the deaths were related to an underlying condition. Conclusion Our study showed that in patients with hepatic coagulopathy only a minority of bleeding events were controlled by the administration of PCC. This study did not show an association between the correction of INR and the efficacy of PCC to control bleeding. PCC is less effective in patients with Child-Pugh C cirrhosis and acute liver failure. This might be due to deficit in coagulation factors such as factor V and fibrinogen that are not supplemented by PCC. Bleeding associated with hepatic coagulopathy is complex and the role of PCC requires further evaluation in regards to other blood products utilization and interventions. Some thromboembolic events and deaths occurred after PCC administration warranting further studies of these agents in different disorders of hemostasis. Disclosures: Blais: Leo: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy.
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Sica, R. Alejandro, Amer Sidani, Gelenis Calzadilla Domingo, Diana Sullivan, Katherine Sencion, Dominic Ho, Christina Haaf, Adam Bursua und Neeta K. Venepalli. „A multidisciplinary quality improvement project to improve the safety of oral chemotherapy in hospitalized patients.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, Nr. 7_suppl (01.03.2016): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.110.
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110 Background: At the University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System (UIC), inpatient IV chemotherapy administration occurs in the setting of specific protocols and multidisciplinary safety assessments while oral chemotherapy agent (OCA) inpatient administration occurs less formally. Baseline 8 week review of 174 admissions to the oncology service revealed that of 16 patients (9.2%) on outpatient OCA, 50% received OCAs while inpatient, with 12. 55% having a formal chemotherapy note in place. We aimed to increase the percentage of administered OCAs with associated provider generated chemotherapy notes from 12.5% to 75% over 16 weeks. Methods: A multidisciplinary task force comprised of oncology providers, clinical pharmacy, nursing leadership, and information technology was assembled. An actual and ideal process map was created, and using tools such as affinity sorting and root cause analysis, interventions were implemented focusing on residents (knowledge of OCA), nurses (documentation and policy adherence), pharmacists (education, policy adherence) and IT team (order modification). A standardized multidisciplinary hospital wide process was implemented for OCA ordering, administration, documentation, and patient education. A novel REDCap (research electronic data capture) auditing procedure was designed by which a weekly pharmacy report of every oral chemotherapy order at UI Health is automatically generated. Results: Between June and September 2015, a total of 67 OCA administration reports were audited. OCA notes were associated with OCA administration in 58% of cases in June, 100% in July, 78% in August and 93% in September. Furthermore, OCA notes were entered within 4 hours of OCA ordering in 58% of cases in June, 54% in July and 78% of the cases in August and September. No adverse events were reported. Conclusions: At the University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, a multidisciplinary team designed and implemented a standardized OCA administration, ordering, and documentation process focused on safe, appropriate and timely inpatient OCA administration. A novel REDCap auditing process assisted the team to identify the areas in need of optimization.
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Esneault, Elise, Emilie Pacary, Dauphou Eddi, Thomas Freret, Emmanuelle Tixier, Jérôme Toutain, Omar Touzani et al. „Combined Therapeutic Strategy Using Erythropoietin and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Potentiates Neurogenesis after Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats“. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 28, Nr. 9 (14.05.2008): 1552–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2008.40.
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Many studies showed beneficial effects of either erythropoietin (EPO) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatment in cerebral ischemia. In addition to a neuroprotective role, not only EPO but also MSC favors neurogenesis and functional recovery. In an attempt to further improve postischemic tissue repair, we investigated the effect of a systemic administration of MSC, in the presence or not of EPO, on neurogenesis and functional recovery in a transient focal cerebral ischemia model in the adult rat. Twenty-four hours after ischemia, the rats were divided into four groups, namely vehicle, MSC, EPO, and MSC + EPO, and received a single intravenous injection of MSC (2times106 cells) and/or a repeated intraperitoneal administration of EPO (1,000 UI/kg) for 3 days. The lesion volume, the MSC outcome, neurogenesis, and functional recovery were assessed 51 days after ischemia. The results showed that cellular proliferation and neurogenesis were increased along the lateral ventricle wall in the MSC + EPO group, whereas no significant effect was observed in groups receiving MSC or EPO alone. This effect was accompanied by an improvement of mnesic performances. Mesenchymal stem cells expressing neuronal or glial markers were detected in the ischemic hemisphere. These results suggest that EPO could act in a synergistic way with MSC to potentiate the postischemic neurogenesis.
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Al-Hawari, Feras, Mai Al-Zu'bi, Hala Barham und Wael Sararhah. „The GJU Website Development Process and Best Practices“. Journal of Cases on Information Technology 23, Nr. 1 (Januar 2021): 21–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2021010102.
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This paper introduces a website development process comprised of six phases: requirements, content, design, development, launch, and maintenance. In this context, a website is considered the primary marketing channel for a university and has different characteristics than web-portals. In the content phase, a flat content structure with fielded content types has been defined to make the website content-rich and intuitive to navigate. In the design phase, reusable page templates and engaging UI components were proposed to improve website appearance, usability, and responsiveness. In the development phase, the development framework, technology stack, and development steps to build non-interactive websites have been suggested. Best practices to test, secure, and monitor the website before launching it were also covered in the launch phase. Hosting a website in-house requires addressing issues like quality assurance and system administration in the maintenance phase. Yet, the analytics reports and survey results showed that the suggested process enabled producing a high-quality website.
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Karlin, Lionel, Jacques Bienvenu, Rene-Olivier Casasnovas, Marie-Helene Delfau-Larue, Pierre Feugier, Jehan Dupuis, Tioka Rabeony et al. „Impact of Rituximab-Based Immunochemotherapy Induction and Maintenance on the Immunisation Rate Against Tetanus Toxin in Follicular Lymphoma Treated Patients : A Subanalysis of the PRIMA Study“. Blood 124, Nr. 21 (06.12.2014): 4430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.4430.4430.
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Abstract Background CD20 is a cell surface antigen commonly expressed on B-cell lineage, but is absent on hematopoïetic stem cells and plasma cells. Therefore, it has been postulated that its targeting should not significantly affect immunoglobulin serum concentrations. However, due to rapid and prolonged B-cell depletion, rituximab-based therapy has been shown to impair humoral response. In addition, protective serologic response to influenza vaccination in lymphoma patients in the 6 months following rituximab-containing regimen has been found to be particularly low1. Because the vast majority of adults individuals have been previously vaccinated against tetanus, we decided to analyse the impact of prolonged rituximab-based therapy on the immune protection rate against tetanus toxin in patients, and conducted in this aim a sub-analysis in follicular lymphoma (FL) patients treated into the PRIMA study. Methods The PRIMA study is a multicentre, phase III, randomized study in patients with advanced FL evaluating the benefit of maintenance therapy with rituximab after induction of response with chemotherapy plus rituximab in comparison with no maintenance therapy, whose results have been previously published2. In a subset of patients, serum samples were prospectively collected and antitetanus toxin antibodies were measured at baseline, end of immunochemotherapy induction and end of maintenance period. Protective titer was defined as > 0.1 UI/mL according to standards. Statistical analysis aimed to determine if serum antitetanus antibodies titers significantly changed over time according to different phases of treatment, and if rituximab maintenance arm had a significant impact as compared to observation arm. Results Overall, 104 patients were evaluable for this subanalysis. Fifty-five percent were male. Median age was 57 (range, 27-80), 88.5% had Ann-Arbor stage III-IV disease. All patients had received R-CHOP induction. Among those patients, 56 were randomised into rituximab arm, 48 into observation arm. At baseline, median serum antitetanus antibodies titers in the overall population was 0.8 UI/mL (range, 0–8) and 89.4% of patients had protective titers. At the end of induction, among the 70 evaluable subjects, 90% had still a protective titer with a median of 0.7 UI/mL (range, 0-4), and at the end of maintenance period, among the 62 evaluable patients, 93% had still protective titer with a median of 0.8 (range, 0-3). When comparing the two arms, at the end of maintenance period, median serum antitetanus antibodies titer was 0.8 UI/mL in the rituximab arm, not significantly different from that in the observation arm (0.6 UI/mL) (p=0.17). At the end of the maintenance period, 100% of subjects had still protective titer in the rituximab arm versus 84.6% in the observation arm. Conclusion In this subanalysis of 104 FL treated patients issued from the PRIMA study, rituximab-based induction and maintenance therapy did not significantly affect the immunisation rate against tetanus toxin in previously immunized patients. These results are in contrast with the poor serologic response rate obtained following rituximab-based therapy, emphasizing that common serum vaccinal titers should be controlled, and vaccination updated, when possible, before treatment initiation and the first rituximab administration. References 1-Yri O, Torfoss D, Hungnes O, et al. Rituximab blocks protective serologic response to influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccination in lymphoma patients during or within 6 months after treatment. Blood 2011, 118 (6769 – 6771). 2-Salles G, Seymour J, Offner F, et al. Rituximab maintenance for 2 years in patient with high tumour burden follicular lymphoma responding to rituximab plus chemotherapy (PRIMA): a phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2011, 377 (42-51). Disclosures Karlin: Sandoz: Consultancy; celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria. Delmer:Roche: Honoraria. Brice:Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Research Funding; Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co.: Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria.
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Nixon, Jane, E. Andrea Nelson, Claudia Rutherford, Susanne Coleman, Delia Muir, Justin Keen, Christopher McCabe et al. „Pressure UlceR Programme Of reSEarch (PURPOSE): using mixed methods (systematic reviews, prospective cohort, case study, consensus and psychometrics) to identify patient and organisational risk, develop a risk assessment tool and patient-reported outcome Quality of Life and Health Utility measures“. Programme Grants for Applied Research 3, Nr. 6 (September 2015): 1–630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/pgfar03060.
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BackgroundThe Pressure UlceR Programme Of reSEarch (PURPOSE) consisted of two themes. Theme 1 focused on improving our understanding of individuals’ and organisational risk factors and on improving the quality of risk assessments (work packages 1–3) and theme 2 focused on developing patient-reported outcome measures (work packages 4 and 5).MethodsThe programme comprised 21 individual pieces of work. Pain: (1) multicentre pain prevalence study in acute hospitals, (2) multicentre pain prevalence study in community localities incorporating (3) a comparison of case-finding methods, and (4) multicentre, prospective cohort study. Severe pressure ulcers: (5) retrospective case study, (6) patient involvement workshop with the Pressure Ulcer Research Service User Network for the UK (PURSUN UK) and (7) development of root cause analysis methodology. Risk assessment: (8) systematic review, (9) consensus study, (10) conceptual framework development and theoretical causal pathway, (11) design and pretesting of draft Risk Assessment Framework and (12) field test to assess reliability, validity, data completeness and clinical usability. Quality of life: (13) conceptual framework development (systematic review, patient interviews), (14 and 15) provisional instrument development, with items generated from patient interviews [from (1) above] two systematic reviews and experts, (16) pretesting of the provisional Pressure Ulcer Quality of Life (PU-QOL) instrument using mixed methods, (17) field test 1 including (18) optimal mode of administration substudy and item reduction with testing of scale formation, acceptability, scaling assumptions, reliability and validity, and (19) field test 2 – final psychometric evaluation to test scale targeting, item response categories, item fit, response bias, acceptability, scaling assumptions, reliability and validity. Cost–utility: (20) time trade-off task valuations of health states derived from selected PU-QOL items, and (21) validation of the items selected and psychometric properties of the new Pressure Ulcer Quality of Life Utility Index (PUQOL-UI).Key findingsPain: prevalence studies – hospital and community patients experience both pressure area-related and pressure ulcer pain; pain cohort study – indicates that pain is independently predictive of category 2 (and above) pressure ulcer development. Severe pressure ulcers: these were more likely to develop in contexts in which clinicians failed to listen to patients/carers or recognise/respond to high risk or the presence of an existing pressure ulcer and services were not effectively co-ordinated; service users found the interactive workshop format valuable; including novel components (interviews with patients and carers) in root cause analysis improves the quality of the insights captured. Risk assessment: we developed a Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Framework, the PURPOSE-T, incorporating the Minimum Data Set, a screening stage, a full assessment stage, use of colour to support decision-making, and decision pathways that make a clear distinction between patients with an existing pressure ulcer(s) (or scarring from previous ulcers) who require secondary prevention and treatment and those at risk who require primary prevention (http://medhealth.leeds.ac.uk/accesspurposet). Quality of life: the final PU-QOL instrument consists of 10 scales to measure pain, exudate, odour, sleep, vitality, mobility/movement, daily activities, emotional well-being, self-consciousness and appearance, and participation (http://medhealth.leeds.ac.uk/puqol-ques). Cost–utility: seven items were selected from the PU-QOL instrument for inclusion in the PUQOL-UI (http://medhealth.leeds.ac.uk/puqol-ui); secondary study analysis indicated that item selection for the PUQOL-UI was appropriate and that the index was acceptable to patients and had adequate levels of validity.ConclusionsThe PURPOSE programme has provided important insights for pressure ulcer prevention and treatment and involvement of service users in research and development, with implications for patient and public involvement, clinical practice, quality/safety/health service management and research including replication of the pain risk factor study, work exploring ‘best practice’ settings, the impact of including skin status as an indicator for escalation of preventative interventions, further psychometric evaluation of PU-QOL and PUQOL-UI the measurement of ‘disease attribution.’FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Programme Grants for Applied Research programme.
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Agheli, Aref, Boris Avezbakiyev, William Steier, Madhumati Kalavar, Chi Chen und Zili He. „In-Vivo Study of Erythropoietic Pathway Genes Regulation and Differentiation by Prolonged Simultaneous Administration of Glucocorticoids with Epoietin in Animal Modules“. Blood 118, Nr. 21 (18.11.2011): 4798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4798.4798.
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Abstract Abstract 4798 Objectives: The role of steroids in mammalian erythropoiesis has not well defined. We have previously reported our observation on three human cases in which there was a synergism and accelerated response to the Erythropoietic Stimulating Agents (ESA) with simultaneous low and physiologic dose administration of glucocorticoids. In the current study, we investigated the additive effects of different dose schedules of steroids on hematopoietic effects of ESA in animal modules. Methods: A total of 74, four-weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to 6 groups; (A) control, (B) therapeutic doses of either erythropoietin, [Procrit Epoetin Alfa, 100 UI/kg], or (C) dexamethasome (300 mcg/kg), as well as combination of erythropoietin (Epoetin Alfa, 100 UI/kg) with (D) low, [25 mcg/kg], (E) physiologic, [300 mcg/kg], and (F) high, [2.5 mg/kg] doses of dexamethasone through abdominal hypodermal injection three times a week for a total of four weeks. At the conclusion of the study, peripheral blood sample, and Bone marrow mononuclear cells were collected through femur flushing. The samples were lysed and stored in RNA denaturation buffer at –80°C until use. Expressions of multiple hematopoietic major genes were assessed by real-time RT-PCR. Amplification data were processed using ΔΔCt method. Hemoglobin concentration and other CBC parameters were measured at the reference lab. Results: Mean hemoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in groups D (20.76 g/dl, 95% CI 20.08–21.45), E (20.45 g/dl, 95% CI, 19.97–20.94), and F (20.99 g/dl, 95% CI 20.55–21.42), compared to the controlled groups A, B, C (14.57, 15.68, 19.23 g/dl respectively) with two-tailed p-value of <.0001. (Figure-1) Real time RT-PCR based gene expression profiling of major hematopoietic regulators revealed robot increases of JAK2 gene expression in groups of animals treated with EPO only, or even higher increase with EPO plus either low or physiologic doses of dexamethasome. Similarly, GATA-1 levels are increased in groups treated with EPO only, or EPO with low or physiologic doses of dexamethasome. c-kit and NFkB1 expression levels are markedly higher in EPO plus dexamethasome groups. In contrast, the levels of EPOR are generally reduced in all groups receiving ESA. (Figure -2) Conclusion: The findings in this study is suggestive that simultaneous administration of ESAs with glucocorticoids is associated with significant additive elevation of the hemoglobin concentration; however, higher dose of dexamethasone is associated with more frequent adverse side effects such as significant weight loss. It is also suggested that the erythropoietic effect of steroid is concerted by up-regulation of the multiple erythropoietic gene expressions, such as JAK2, GATA-1, c-Kit, and NFkB1, while down regulations of EPOR is uniformly seen in the Epo-treated groups. This novel finding could be clinically utilized to accelerate the erythropoietic response of the ESA in selected cases. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Calderón Guzmán, David, Jonas Attilus, Hugo Juárez Olguín, Ernestina Hernández García, Norma Osnaya Brizuela, Maribel Ortiz Herrera und Gerardo Barragán Mejía. „Effect of oseltamivir and some vitamins on Dopamine, GSH and Lipid Peroxidation levels in young animal models exposed to O3“. Acta Universitaria 25 (13.07.2015): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15174/au.2015.757.
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Oseltamivir is used for the treatment of AH1N1 swine influenza in Mexico. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of oseltamivir on dopamine levels in patients exposed to vitamins A, D, and C as well as to ozone. For this, forty male Wistar rats (80 g) were divided into 6 groups. A combination of oseltamivir (20 vmg/kg) with A (39 v0UI.), C (30 mg) and D (60 UI.) vitamins with or without ozone 0.5 ppm were intraperitoneally administered for 5 days. The exposition to ozone was through a camera controlled. The animals were sacrificed and the brain dissected in cortex (I), hemispheres (II) and cerebellum/medulla oblongata (III) to measure dopamine, glutathione (GSH) and lipoperoxidation using fluorescence. Dopamine increased in I, II and III regions while GSH increased only in II and III regions and lipoperoxidation decreased in the same regions. This changes were significant (p < 0.05) in the groups that received oseltamivir and ozone. Administration of oseltamivir and ozone induces synergic effect on dopamine metabolism.
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Maffi, Andressa Stein, Mityelle da Costa Chaves Rodrigues, Lucas Balinhas Farias, Joabel Tonellotto dos Santos, Gabriela Bueno Luz, Lucas Jackson de Souza, Alice Benites, Carlos Eduardo Gomez Martin, Marcio Nunes Corrêa und Cassio Cassal Brauner. „Evaluation of follicular growth and progesterone production in Bos taurus cows strategically treated with insulin“. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, Nr. 5Supl1 (07.08.2019): 2287. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5supl1p2287.
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The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategic insulin administration on follicular growth, progesterone production, and pregnancy rate in beef cattle. Two experiments were conducted, in experiment 1, 215 cows crossbreed cows (Bos indicus × Bos taurus) (Control Group, n = 109; Insulin Group, n = 106) were submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) with application of 2 mg of estradiol benzoate and a vaginal device containing progesterone on day 0. On day 9, the device was removed and 0.5 mg of estradiol cypionate was administered with 12.5 mg of dinoprost and 0.25 UI kg-1 of insulin for the treated animals. On day 11, artificial insemination (AI) was performed on all animals. On days 9 and 11 according to the protocol, was evaluated follicular growth and estrus manifestation, and 30 days after AI the pregnancy rate. In experiment 2, 85 cows were utilized, including Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, and crossbreeds (Control Group, n = 49 and Insulin Group, n = 36), and were submitted to the protocol for fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET), and progesterone concentrations were evaluated. On day 0, the cows received 2 mg of estradiol benzoate and a vaginal device containing progesterone. On day 5 of the protocol, 0.150 mg of cloprostenol was administered. On day 8, the vaginal device was removed and 20 mg of purified porcine pituitary extract and 0.25 UI kg-1 of insulin was given to the animals in the treatment group, and on day 9, 1 mg of estradiol benzoate was administered. On day 17, an embryo transfer was performed and blood collection for evaluation of progesterone levels in animals submitted to FTET were collected. In experiment 1, the follicular growth rate and the pregnancy rate were similar between groups (P > 0.05) and in experiment 2, the production of P4 was not different between the animals that received the insulin application and the control group. The utilization of a single dose of insulin for beef cows did not affect the ovulatory follicular diameter, progesterone concentrations, or pregnancy rate.
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Florenţiu, Ariel, und Ioana Dima. „Lantus solostar in real life medical practice“. Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases 21, Nr. 1 (01.03.2014): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjdnmd-2014-0002.
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Abstract Background and aims: The epidemic of diabetes mellitus has made the effective treatment of hyperglycemia a top priority. Maintaining near-normal glycemic levels has been demonstrated to have a beneficial effect on diabetes-specific complications. Insulin can decrease any level of elevated glycated hemoglobin. Insulin glargine (Lantus®) is a long-acting insulin analog with a favorable 24-h time-action profile, once daily administration and low risk of hypoglycemia used in type 1 and 2 diabetes. In Romania, real-life data about glycaemic control is lacking. Material and methods: We present results from a retrospective, open-label, non-randomised, registry trial in 2946 Romanian diabetes patients. The objective of the study was to assess the proportion of patients with appropriate glycaemic control after 3 to 6 months of glargine treatment. Results and conclusions: A little over one third of the patients had reached target glycated hemoglobin after 3-6 months of glargine treatment in both types of diabetes. In type 2 diabetes patients the glargine dose used was not high (0.33 UI/kg). Inadequate insulin titration is a possible cause for not reaching glycemic targets.
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Mallet, E., F. Philippe, M. Castanet und J. P. Basuyau. „Administration orale hivernale d’une dose unique de 200 000 UI de vitamine D3 chez l’adolescent en région normande : évaluation de sa tolérance et du statut vitaminique D obtenu“. Archives de Pédiatrie 17, Nr. 7 (Juli 2010): 1042–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2010.04.013.
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Santos, Josemara Silva, Tania Cavalcante, Francisca Elda Ferreira Dias, Domenica Palomaris Mariano de Souza, Alencariano J. S. Falcão, Mônica Arrivabene, Juliano Franco de Souza, José Adalmir Torres de Sousa und Viviane Mayumi Maruo. „Effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin on pregnancy rates of Nellore cows resynchronized with the use of new DIB and third use, and inseminated at fixed-time“. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 4, Nr. 1 (06.05.2015): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v4i1.4304.
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The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of recombinant bovine somatropin (rbST), and the reuse of the progesterone (P4) releasing devices in resynchronization, on the pregnancy rates of Nellore cows submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination. A group of 123 multiparae Nellore cows, was submitted to a resynchronization protocol: on day 0 a Bovine Intravaginal Device (DIB® ) with 1,0g of P4 was implanted, associated with intramuscular administration of 2,0mg of estradiol benzoate (IM); on day 8 DIB was removed; and 1,0mg of estradiol cypionate, 0,15mg of prostaglandin F2? and 300 UI of equine chorionic gonadotropin were administered; on day 10, fixed-time artificial insemination was conducted (FTAI). The cows were randomized into G1 (n=12) – without rbST / with used Bovine Intravaginal Device, G2 (n=50) – without rbST / with new DIB, G3 (n=11) - with rbST / with used DIB and G4 (n=50) – with rbST/ with new DIB. rbST was introduced on the eighth day of the protocol. Sixty days after TAI, pregnancy diagnoses were conducted, via rectal palpation. Blood samples were taken on day 0, 8 and 10 of the protocol, in order to assess P4 plasma concentrations. Pregnancy rates were statistically evaluated through Generalized Linear Models Theory and their significance was tested with Analysis of Deviance. Pregnancy rates were 58%, 40%, 81% and 48% for G1, G2, G3 and G4, respectively, with significant statistical difference for G3. Plasma concentrations of P4 were not statistically different among groups, or collections. In view of the results obtained, we concluded that the administration of rbST in association with P4 DIB, used for the third time, improves pregnancy rates. Estrus resynchronization and re-insemination positively impacted pregnancy rates.
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Arisanti, Risalia Reni, Citra Indriani und Siswanto Agus Wilopo. „Kontribusi agen dan faktor penyebab kejadian luar biasa keracunan pangan di Indonesia: kajian sistematis“. Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat 34, Nr. 3 (15.03.2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bkm.33852.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand burden of foodborne outbreak in Indonesia during 2000 -2015. Method: Systematic review conducted based on publish and unpublished (grey literature) data during 2000 -2015. Publish data from search engine such as Google scholar, open access, repository online university in Indonesia. Grey literature collected from investigation report from selected university (UGM, UI and UNAIR), Ministry of Health, Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) Indonesia. 2 reviewer will select and extract relevant data. Results: During 2000 – 2015 there was 1.176 foodborne outbreak with West Java Province as the highest event with 61.119 foodborne cases (AR: 8.5%) and 291 deaths (CFR: 0.4%). Women have more risk on foodborne with proportion 58.3%. Daily meal (36.6%) and special celebration (29.7%) as more risk activities with house (48.9%) and school (13.7%) as highest risk area for foodborne outbreak. Homemade food (46.9%) and catering food (18.9%) as highest causes of cases with pathogen bacterial as frequent agent (74.9%) such as E.coli. The most contributing factor was inadequate cooking and storage at inappropriate temperature.Conclusion: High risk population of foodborne outbreak was women with pathogen bacterial as the highest agent. The most contributing factor was pathogen resistance and growth. It need to increase monitoring and food-handler as food safety standard.
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Bourget, Philippe, Marie-Olivia Chandesris, Alexandre Amin, Fabrice Vidal, Christophe Merlette, Isabelle Hirsh, Ana Carvalhosa et al. „Development and Validation of a Sensitive Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Assay for the Simultaneous Quantification of Midostaurin (PKC412) and Its Two Major Metabolites: A Suitable Tool for the Monitoring of the Drug in Patients Suffering From Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis“. Blood 120, Nr. 21 (16.11.2012): 4913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4913.4913.
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Abstract Abstract 4913 Background: Among tyrosine kinase inhibitors, midostaurin (PKC412) takes place in the treatment of patients presenting with advanced systemic mastocytosis and, specifically aggressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM) or mast cell leukemia (MCL) with or without associated clonal hematological non-mast cell lineage disease (AHNMD). Our knowledge of the pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior of this major drug remains unfortunately sporadic. We developed a powerful liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay, which is able to sensitively detect PKC412 as its two major metabolites CGP52421 and CGP62221 in human plasma. The method was validated in clinical situation and, especially in the aim to monitor plasma concentrations of PKC412 in 11 patients, already enrolled in a Phase II clinical trial (Novartis Lab.). In addition, we also determined the PK profile of PKC412 at steady-state for one specific patient. Methods: A sensitive LC-MS/MS assay was developed for the simultaneous quantification of the product PKC412 and its two major metabolites in human plasma. Midostaurin-D5 was used as internal standard. The method was then validated in accordance with international guidelines and within the bioanalytical ±15% acceptance limits. In any case, PKC412 regimen was 100 mg bid. A total of 61 blood samples were collected from 11 patients and, between 15 min to 12 hrs following oral administration. Sampling took place over a period of 1 to 924 days following the beginning of treatment. PKC412 residual concentration at steady-state, range and mean concentration and, intra- and inter-individual variability coefficients were also calculated. On the other hand, a model independent method was used to determine the PK profile of PKC412 for a 12th patient (using 22 samples collected within 24 hrs): maximal concentration post-dosing (Cmax – ng/mL), time to Cmax (Tmax - hrs) were experimental values; terminal half-life (t1/2lz - hrs) and AUC0–12 were calculated during each 12 hrs interval post-dosing. Data are expressed as means ± SD. Results: This LC-MS/MS method is satisfactory for the key validation criteria i. e. trueness, bias, precision (repeatability and intermediate precision), accuracy and, linearity, over a range of concentrations of 75 to 2500 ng/mL for both PKC412, CGP52421 and, CGP62221. Patients monitored (8/11 males) were 57±14 yrs-old. All except one were treated for ASM±AHNMD (the last one had MCL), 10/11 patients carrying the ckit D816V mutation. The main characteristics at inclusion were as followed: body weight = 65±11 kg, BMI = 22±3 kg/m2, albumin = 31±6 g/L, GFR = 64±12 mL/min, bilirubin = 14±6 mg/L, GGT = 103±78 UI/L, ALP = 264±158 UI/L, tryptase = 412±411 μg/L. At the last follow-up visit i. e. between 54 to 924 day after initiation therapy, 8/11 patients were either in major or partial response with the following clinical picture: body weight 74±16 kg, BMI 24±4 kg/m2, albumin 40±2 g/L, DFG 59±11 mL/min, bilirubin 12±8 mg/L, GGT 56±57 UI/L, ALP 128±59 UI/L, tryptase 256±264 μg/L. It is important to point out that the tolerability profile was very good. The PKC412 residual concentrations value determined at steady-state were between 487 to 3254 ng/mL (1333±867 ng/mL). The intra- and inter-individual coefficients of variations were 18 and 65% respectively. About our 12th subject, major PK parameters were: Cmax = 3692±447 ng/mL, Tmax = 2, 5±2 hrs, t1/2lz = 95±88 hrs, AUC0–12= 34326±2197 ng/mL. hrs. Conclusions: The LC-MS/MS method is efficient and enables a sensitive and discriminative analysis of PKC412 and its major metabolites in human plasma. These first results highlight the high intra- and inter-individual variability of the PK behavior of the drug and, suggest the interest of its routine therapeutic monitoring vs. both adherence to the treatment and, its tolerability profile. Further, it has been shown that the 2 major metabolites of PK412 are active; under these conditions, we are working to the simultaneous therapeutic drug monitoring of the 3 compounds. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.