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Corner, Tessa, Emily Arden-Close und John McAlaney. „Wellbeing in Addiction Recovery: Does It Differ across Addictions?“ International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, Nr. 14 (16.07.2023): 6375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20146375.
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Limited research has been conducted on the experiences of individuals in long-term recovery from addiction, and addictions are usually studied in isolation. However, no theories of addiction differentiate between addictions or assume that individuals will experience only one addiction. This study aimed to compare affect between individuals with addictions to drugs and alcohol and to explore how QoL changes in long-term recovery from addiction. Individuals in recovery from addiction (n = 115; 52.2% male) were recruited via snowball sampling on social media signposted by an addiction rehabilitation charity. Participants completed questionnaires about QoL (WHOQOL-Bref) and positive and negative affect (PANAS-X). The main primary addictions were drugs (76.5%) and alcohol (21.7%), with 69.7% reporting multiple addictions including food, sex, internet, and gambling. Affect and coping strategies did not differ by addiction. QoL appeared to improve with time in recovery. The high percentage of multiple addictions and greater similarities than differences between individuals with drug and alcohol addictions suggest that addictions should not be studied in isolation when studying psychological health during long-term recovery.
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Kammoun, M. F., A. Anastasiu, T. Dumoulin und J. L. Garrigou. „Hypnosis and Addictions: A Two Cases Report“. European Psychiatry 24, S1 (Januar 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71286-6.
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The addiction's problems are more and more frequent at the psychaitric's consultation. Alcoholism and drug-addiction are the two types of addictions most frequently found.The bases of addiction's therapy are the weaning of the product, and the consolidation of weaning or the avoidance of the relapses.the results remain however very heterogeneous and sometimes disappointing. the usual therapies seem little adapted to the dynamics of addictive pathology, and the rechuttes are increasingly frequent, in the same way the risk of replacement of a symptom by another is not excluded.Can hypnosis help certain people to release their addictions? Hypnosis allows the subject the reinvestment its senses, as well as a modification of its relationship with the outside world. the patient can thus, to fall under a dynamics of change permattant to him to start a process of opening and exceeded the stage or it was solidified and locked up with the toxic product.Few work were carried out in the field of the assumption of responsibility patients suffering from drug-addiction and addictions under hypnosis.The objectives of this work is to study, through the illustration of two clinical cases of our daily practice, the place of hypnosis to help patients suffering from addcitives pathologies.
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Griffiths, Mark D. „Common Myths in the Behavioral Addiction Field“. Journal of Concurrent Disorders 1, Nr. 1 (30.06.2018): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54127/rwlx3632.
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There is no shortage of controversy and debates within the field of behavioral addiction. In this paper, five myths are outlined concerning various behavioral addictions. These are: (i) behavioral addictions can occur concurrently, (ii) addictions such as videogame addiction are associated with other comorbidities and are therefore not separate disorders, (iii) ‘addictions’ are equivalent to ‘disorders’ in DSM-5 and ICD-11 nomenclature, (iv) very excessive behaviors are addictions, and (v) socially condoned excessive activities and activities engaged in willfully cannot be classed as behavioral addictions. It is argued that views based on these myths depend upon how behavioral addictions are defined in the first place. It is concluded that any behavior which has severe and longstanding clinical impairment and comprising core components of addiction (i.e., salience, conflict, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, and relapse) should be conceptualized as a behavioral addiction.
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Zaika, Vitalii, und Roman Sharavara. „THE INFLUENCE OF DISHARMONOUS CHILD-PARENT RELATIONSHIPS ON THE EMERGENCE OF ADDICTIVE TENDENCIES IN ADOLESCENT AGE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM“. Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: «Pedagogy. Social Work», Nr. 1(52) (01.06.2023): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2524-0609.2023.52.50-54.
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The article highlights the current issue of peculiarities of emergence of addictive tendencies in adolescence based on child-parent relations in the family. On the basis of psychodiagnostic methods, it was found that various forms of inadequate upbringing in the family (high demandingness of parents, high strictness of parents, high control in relation to the child, emotional distance of parents, denial of the child by parents, lack of cooperation between parents and child, disagreement between the child and by parents, parental inconsistency, parental authority) lead to a predisposition to certain types of addictions, which differ between high school and college students. These types of addictions include: alcohol addiction, Internet and computer addiction, love addiction, drug addiction, game addiction, nicotine addiction, food addiction, intersex addiction, workaholism, television addiction, religious addiction, addiction to a healthy life, drug addiction dependence. Among all types of addictions, according to the results of the study, school students are more prone to the following addictions: smoking (80%), gaming addiction (80%), food addiction (80%) and love addiction (76%). At the average level, they show a tendency to: addiction to alcohol, addiction to intersex relationships, drug addiction, addiction to the computer (Internet, social networks), addiction to a healthy lifestyle). Adolescent college students have among the prevailing tendencies towards addictions: addiction to the computer (Internet, social networks) (88%), addiction to intersex relationships (88%), addiction to a healthy lifestyle (80%). At the average level, students show tendencies towards the following addictions: alcohol addiction, gaming addiction, smoking addiction, food addiction, love addiction, drug addiction. Both schoolchildren and college students have a low level of addiction to the following types: religious addiction, television addiction, work addiction.
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Asieieva, Yuliia. „RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL CONDITIONS OF LIFE AND THE STAGE OF MANIFESTATION OF CYBER ADDICTIONS“. Science and Education 2021, Nr. 1 (März 2021): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2414-4665-2021-1-5.
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The whole world today is rapidly following the path of digitalization of society, cyberspace is becoming a new sphere of reality for the majority of the population. Despite all the advantages of interactive technologies and the speed of obtaining the necessary information due to the prevalence of the Internet. New problematic issues also arise. Almost 8% of the world's population has been already addicted to the Internet, but questions about the nosology, etiology of cyber addictions and their treatment and prevention still remain unresolved. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of social living conditions on the severity of cyber addictions. The following research methods were used: bibliographic and historical analysis of theoretical heritage, psychodiagnostic testing: Test-questionnaire for detecting cyber addiction (TQC) and semi-structured interview of respondents to clarify social living conditions as well as mathematical and statistical methods for data analysis (data processing was done using the program "Microsoft Excel", "SPSS 26.0 for Windows XP"). The study sample consisted of 559 people, including 408 who had certain types of cyber addictions and 151 people who agreed to join the control group (relatively healthy). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of bioethics and deontology. It was found that the most typical addictions for boys are computer addiction, Internet addiction, game addiction and gadget addiction; more typical addictions for girls are cybercommunication addiction and selfie. In correlation analysis (according to Pearson and Tau-b Kendall) of relationship between the influence of social living conditions on the severity of cyber addictions it was found that according to the results of both correlation matrices the links were not revealed between cyber addictions and educational institutions in which our respondents studied; but at the same time a direct relationship was found between computer addiction, Internet addiction, game addiction and cyber-communication addiction with the academic success of cyber-addicts. Such a type of cyber addiction as selfie has an inverse relationship with the material wealth of the family. When analyzing the results obtained by Pearson's correlation analysis, it can be argued that the manifestations of all types of cyber addictions have a medium direct connection with conflicts with parents, a weak direct connection between cyber addictions and conflicts with peers.
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Baruch, Melanie, Abraham Benarroch und Gary E. Rockman. „Alcohol and Substance Use in the Jewish Community: A Pilot Study“. Journal of Addiction 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/763930.
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Awareness of addictions in the Jewish community is becoming increasingly prevalent, and yet, a gap exists in the literature regarding addictions in this community. Knowledge about the prevalence of addictions within Jewish communities is limited; some believe that Jews cannot be affected by addictions. To address this gap, a pilot study was conducted to gather preliminary evidence relating to addictions and substance use in the Jewish community. Results indicate that a significant portion of the Jewish community knows someone affected by an addiction and that over 20% have a family history of addiction. Future research needs are discussed.
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Varga, Claudia, und Ion Copoeru. „“Making Peace With Oneself”: Internal Conflict in Addictions and Its “Resolution” in Therapeutic Group Interactions“. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philosophia 68, Special Issue (23.11.2023): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphil.2023.sp.iss.07.
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"Counselors and therapists on addictions and recovery from addictions are employing a variety of methods and techniques to break through the wall of denial and resistance. Accordingly, new methods of research are needed in order to describe and eventually understand the phenomenon of addictions and the ways of recovery from addictions. The paper attempts to define and describe the internal conflict and the way it is brought to the surface and “resolved” (processed and eventually transformed) in therapeutic group interactions. For that, we are using a phenomenological approach to conceptualize addiction in terms of connectedness and methods inspired by the analysis of interactions in order to document the transformative experience necessary for the recovery from addiction. Keywords: addiction; recovery from addictions transformative experience; internal conflict; therapeutic group; phenomenological approach; analysis of interactions. "
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Gullo, Matthew J., Andrew P. Wood und John B. Saunders. „Criteria for the establishment of a new behavioural addiction •“. Journal of Behavioral Addictions 11, Nr. 2 (13.07.2022): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2022.00031.
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Abstract When does repeated behaviour constitute behavioural addiction? There has been considerable debate about non-substance-related addictions and how to determine when impaired control over a behaviour is addiction. There are public health benefits to identifying new behavioural addictions if intervention can improve outcomes. However, criteria for establishing new behavioural addictions must guard against diagnostic inflation and the pathologizing of normal problems of living. Criteria should include clinical relevance (Criterion 1), alignment with addiction phenomenology (Criterion 2) and theory (Criterion 3), and taxonomic plausibility (Criterion 4). Against such criteria, evidence does not yet support classification of pornography-use and buying-shopping disorders as addictions.
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Abilash, K., M. Keerthika und S. Bharathi. „A Study on Prevalence of Behavioural Addictions among College Students“. Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, Nr. 4 (02.04.2019): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v6i4.350.
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Background: Behavioural addictions is associated with an uncontrollable urge, loss of control, preoccupation with use and despite consequences. Aim: To study the prevalence of behavioural addictions among college students. Methods& Materials: 300 students are served as participants within the age group of 17 to 19 years. Behavioural addiction questionnaire is administered on 300 college students. Results: The pattern of behavioural addiction screening among college students revealed that the presence of high percentage of addictive use for Cell phone (28.6%), Shopping (22.4%), Internet (20.4%) and television (20.6%). There is significant difference between the behavioural addictions and dimensions of behavioural addictions (Craving, loss of control, compulsion and impact on others). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between Eating Addiction and compulsion, Shopping addiction with dimensions of compulsion and impact on others, Sexual addiction with craving and loss of control, cell phone addiction and dimensions of craving, loss of control and impact on others, television addiction with craving, loss of control and impact on others, internet addiction with craving and impact on others.
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Pallanti, Stefano. „From Impulse-Control Disorders Toward Behavioral Addictions“. CNS Spectrums 11, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2006): 921–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900015108.
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In the last 20 years, research on substance addictions has changed its focus from the social foundations to the neurobiological foundations. Hence, some behaviors have begun to be considered as equivalent to addiction based on proposed criteria: salience, withdrawal symptoms, tolerance, conflicts, relapse, and mood modifications.New knowledge about the brain's reward system suggests that “as far as the brain is concerned a reward is a reward, regardless of whether it comes from a chemical stimulus or an experience.”Pathological gambling was the prototypical addiction disorder, sharing some hallmarks with substance addictions: a high rate of comorbidity and treatment response to pharmacotherapies, such as opioid antagonist. However, compulsive sexual behavior, compulsive exercise, food starving, binge eating, and, most recently, Internet addiction have been gradually conceptualized as non-substance addictions with overlapping features with substance dependence. Several definitions” have been adopted regarding these behaviors: natural addiction, non-chemical addiction, and negative dependence are only some examples. This issue of CNS Spectrums focuses on behavioral addictions.
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Sinclair, Deborah Louise, Steve Sussman, Shazly Savahl, Maria Florence und Wouter Vanderplasschen. „Recovery and Substitute Addictions“. Afrika Focus 35, Nr. 2 (20.12.2022): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-35020011.
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Abstract Substitute addictions – addictions that replace terminated substance use disorders (sud s) – involving addictive behaviours such as a new substance, food/eating, gambling, shopping, or sex, have implications for recovery but remain poorly understood. While extant studies suggest a multifaceted aetiology, research is needed to illuminate the nature, dynamics/mechanisms, motives and risk factors of substitute addictions. This multiple-methods study (1) reviewed the available literature on substitute addiction in people with sud s using a scoping review method; (2) explored the experience of substitute addiction from a first-person perspective using a case study; (3) investigated the prevalence of substitute addiction and associated factors among service users during and after residential substance use treatment using a quantitative longitudinal cohort design (n=137, 66% follow-up rate); (4) explored recovery support group members’ (n=23) perceptions and experiences of substitute addictions using in-depth interviews; and (5) explored service providers’ (n=22) perceptions of substitute addiction through focus group discussions. Findings were integrated across datasets to offer recommendations for prevention, practice and research.
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Asieieva, Yuliia, Hanna Morvaniuk, Denis Voznyi, Alina Chetveryk-Burchak und Victoriia Storozh. „Efficiency of the complex program of psychocorrection of cyber-addictions among middle and late adolescents“. Revista Amazonia Investiga 11, Nr. 56 (18.10.2022): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2022.56.08.4.
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In this work, the authors conducts a statistical analysis of the problem, examines the experience of various states and possible measures of psychocorrection of cyber-addictions among the younger generation. It is also worth noting that in order for this work to be effective, it must relate to all spheres of an individual's life: family, educational environment, social life. Having considered the world experience in working with cyber-addictions, the authors proposed and conducted his own comprehensive program of psychocorrection of cyber-addictions, which is aimed at reducing the degree of addiction and includes the following areas of work: individual, group, family psychocorrectional and psycho-educative work. According to the results of the work carried out, it was found that the developed program gave positive results since the 3rd degree of addiction was reduced in all groups and types of cyber-addictions, and after psychocorrection, people appear who have ceased to show pathological signs of addiction (for groups it is from 2% to 17%). It should be noted that significant results in reducing the degree of addiction were achieved in selfitis, cyber-communicative and game addictions.
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M'hamdi, Ibrahim, Afaf Harbil, Abdessamad Bensaid und Omar Benchekroun. „Moroccans’ Perception of Addiction: A Cross-Sectional Study on Stigma and Familiarity Dynamics“. BJPsych Open 8, S1 (Juni 2022): S63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.224.
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AimsThis study aims to assess the stigmatization of Moroccans towards substance and nonsubstance addictions, as well as to explore its relationship with both demographic factors and addiction familiarity.Methods527 Moroccans anonymously participated in a cross-sectional study via an online survey that was distributed on social media. Participants were randomly assigned 2 vignettes describing either substance (Alcohol and Cannabis) or non-substance (Gambling and Social Media) addictions, followed by the Social Distance Scale and the Familiarity Scale.ResultsA total of 527 individuals answered our online questionnaire. The median age of respondents was 27.6 years (std = 15.66). 56% were females and 44% were males. Among the participants 45% were married and 50% were medical students or health professionals.Using ANOVA and a series of student t-tests, that yielded a p < 0.05, the following results were obtained:A moderate level of stigma was found towards all addictions, except for social media where no stigma was found (p < 0.05). In contrast, the familiarity level was high with social media addiction and low with the other addictions (p < 0.05).The women in our study showed higher stigmatization of all addictions, whereas older people (>43 years) showed higher stigmatization of substance addictions only.Different levels of stigmatization were observed towards the 4 types of addiction; the highest being cannabis addiction and the lowest being social media addiction.Regarding familiarity with addiction, males were more familiar with all types of addiction. Whereas, younger individuals (<23 years) were the least familiar with substance addiction.Moroccans’ familiarity levels with different types of addiction were significantly different. Familiarity with social media addiction was the highest whereas familiarity with gambling addiction was the lowest.Using the Pearson correlation, we found that stigma and familiarity concerning substance addiction were negatively correlated (r=−0,30, p < 0.01). A stronger, yet moderate relationship was found between stigma and familiarity regarding cannabis (r=−0,36, p < 0.01).ConclusionIt seems that Moroccans stigmatize against most addictions, which was found to be influenced by multiple factors including familiarity level, age, and sex. These findings can be used as a base to create a targeted educational campaign to tackle addiction in our society. No significant conclusions were made concerning whether or not the academic level or the health professional background influenced stigmatization, which raises concerns about the Moroccan academic and medical curricula's representation of addiction.
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Kim, Hyoun S., David C. Hodgins, Benjamin Kim und T. Cameron Wild. „Transdiagnostic or Disorder Specific? Indicators of Substance and Behavioral Addictions Nominated by People with Lived Experience“. Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, Nr. 2 (24.01.2020): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020334.
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Using a transdiagnostic perspective, the present research examined the prominent indicators of substance (alcohol, cocaine, marijuana, tobacco) and behavioral (gambling, video games, sex, shopping, work, eating) addictions nominated by people with lived experiences. Specifically, we aimed to explore whether the perceived most important indicators nominated were consistent across the 10 addictions or differed based on the specific addiction. Additionally, we explored gender differences in the perceived most important indicators across addictive behaviors. A large online sample of adults recruited from a Canadian province (n = 3503) were asked to describe the most important signs or symptoms of problems with these substances and behaviors. Open-ended responses were analyzed among a subsample of 2603 respondents (n = 1562 in the past year) who disclosed that they had personally experienced a problem with at least one addiction listed above. Content analyses revealed that dependence (e.g., craving, impairments in control) and patterns of use (e.g., frequency) were the most commonly perceived indicators for both substance and behavioral addictions, accounting for over half of all the qualitative responses. Differences were also found between substance and behavioral addictions regarding the proportion of the most important signs nominated. Consistent with the syndrome model of addiction, unique indicators were also found for specific addictive behaviors, with the greatest proportion of unique indicators found for eating. Supplemental analyses found that perceived indicators across addictions were generally gender invariant. Results provide some support for a transdiagnostic conceptualization of substance and behavioral addictions. Implications for the study, prevention, and treatment of addictions are discussed.
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Turel, Ofir, Qinghua He, Gui Xue, Lin Xiao und Antoine Bechara. „Examination of Neural Systems Sub-Serving Facebook “Addiction”“. Psychological Reports 115, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2014): 675–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/18.pr0.115c31z8.
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Because addictive behaviors typically result from violated homeostasis of the impulsive (amygdala-striatal) and inhibitory (prefrontal cortex) brain systems, this study examined whether these systems sub-serve a specific case of technology-related addiction, namely Facebook “addiction.” Using a go/no-go paradigm in functional MRI settings, the study examined how these brain systems in 20 Facebook users ( M age = 20.3 yr., SD = 1.3, range = 18–23) who completed a Facebook addiction questionnaire, responded to Facebook and less potent (traffic sign) stimuli. The findings indicated that at least at the examined levels of addiction-like symptoms, technology-related “addictions” share some neural features with substance and gambling addictions, but more importantly they also differ from such addictions in their brain etiology and possibly pathogenesis, as related to abnormal functioning of the inhibitory-control brain system.
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Пасічник, Леся. „Psychological peqularities of behaviour of a person with various addictions“. Psychological Prospects Journal, Nr. 43 (24.06.2024): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2227-1376-2024-43-pas.
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The purpose of the article is to carry out a theoretical analysis of scientific sources on the study of psychological characteristics of behaviour of a person with various addictions. Methods. The article uses the methods of theoretical study of scientific literature: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, and generalisation. Results. A review of the theoretical and empirical basis of research on the psychological characteristics of addictive behaviour of individuals suggests that the problem of addictions is relevant, widely represented and studied by scientists in various aspects. There is an increase and thoroughness of scientific research on non-chemical (behavioural) addictions. Among Ukrainian researchers, the predominant topics are the study of psychological features of the formation of addictive behaviour in modern youth, the influence of the family on the formation of addictive behaviour, urge addiction and workaholism, psychological features of food addiction, Internet addiction, etc. Conclusions. The family system is the basis for the development of individual psychological factors of predisposition to addictive behaviour (attachment styles, the level of manifestation of character accentuations, resistance to emotional stress, etc.) Dependence on psychoactive substances is considered a complex and chronic condition. Due to the legalisation of cannabis products in a number of countries, its availability is increasing. Accessibility is one of the negative factors in the development of chemical dependence. The distinction between non-problematic behaviour and behavioural addiction (workaholism, overeating, internet addiction, gambling, etc.) in everyday life is very vague, and negative consequences for a person's health and well-being can be an evidence of addiction. Signs of established addiction (chemical and non-chemical) are: impaired control over behaviour, prioritisation, continuation and escalation of behaviour despite negative consequences. Until recently, the tools for empirical research on addictive behaviour were mainly developed and improved for the study of substance dependence and were used to study all types of addictions, including behavioural ones. At the present level, there are two trends: the use of existing tools for the study of addictions; development and implementation of new methods for chemical (substance dependence) and non-chemical (behavioural) addictions.
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Hoes, MJAJM. „Alcoholism and drug addictions“. European Psychiatry 12, Nr. 2 (1997): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(97)89649-6.
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SummaryIn this symposium the nature, epidemiology and extent of psychiatric disorders comorbid with addictions, especially alcoholism, was exposed. Internationally reknown authors from several European countries highlight the diversity and complexity of this problem in particular for depression, anxiety and suicide. The conclusion is that every psychiatrist should be well acquainted with addiction disorders and that no addiction center be allowed to refuse treatment to patients with a psychiatric comorbid disorder. Comorbidity of schizophrenia with addictions should be a future focus of research. Multicultural Europe is an exciting area for further research of the comorbidity problems.
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Асєєва, Юлія. „RELATIONSHIP OF CYBER-ADDICTION WITH ALEXITHYMIA IN YOUNG MEN“. Men’s Health, Gender and Psychosomatic Medicine, Nr. 1-2 (30.12.2020): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.37321/ujmh.2020.1-2-11.
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Introduction. Currently, the scale of cyber addiction, Internet addiction, gadget addiction and other non-chemical addictions associated with interactive technologies is so significant that they are singled out in a number of new addictions that significantly affect the formation of young people and society as a whole.Purpose – the analysis of empirical data on the identification of alexithymia in young men with manifestations of cyber addiction.Research methods. Bibliographic and historical analysis, psychodiagnostic (test method "Toronto Alexithymia Scale" (TAS)), mathematical and statistical.Research results. In order to carry out a detailed verification of the signs of cyber addictions, alexithymic manifestations were studied in young men with manifestations of cyber-addictions.The study involved 269 boys aged 14-21 years. This made it possible to more clearly understand the generation of manifestations of aggression, anxiety, depression, conflict and disturbances in the interpersonal communication of male cyber-addicts. According to the results of the data obtained, it was found that the majority of young men in the age category from 14 to 21 years old do not show manifestations of cyber-addictions – non-alexithymic (more than 50%), and respondents with cyber-addictions have manifestations of alexithymia in 45%-50% of respondents.Conclusions. Thus, it is possible to characterize young men with manifestations of cyber-addictions as people who mainly have manifestations of alexithymia, are incapable of reflection, are prone to the manifestation of short-term, sharply expressed in behavior emotional outbursts, the causes of which they are poorly aware of, and also have manifestations of depression and anxiety.The study made it possible to include alexithymic manifestations in research markers for the further development of psychocorrectional programs for adolescents suffering from various types of cyber-addictions.
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Tomei, Alexander, Joseph Studer und Gerhard Gmel. „Prosocialness in young males with substance and behavioral addictions“. Journal of Behavioral Addictions 10, Nr. 2 (19.07.2021): 327–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2021.00035.
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AbstractBackground and aimsSocial determinants are closely related to addiction, both as a cause and a consequence of substance use and other addictive behaviors. The present paper examines prosocialness (i.e. the tendency to help, empathize, and care for others) among a population of young males. We compared prosocialness across different types of addiction and examined whether prosocialness varied according to the presence of multiple addictions.MethodsA sample of 5,675 young males, aged 19–29 years old (Mean = 21.4; Median = 21), completed a questionnaire that included screening tools to identify addictive behaviors with regards to alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, gambling, and gaming. The questionnaire also included a scale to measure prosocialness.ResultsCompared to a no-addiction control group, the subgroups of young men suffering from behavioral addictions (i.e., gambling and gaming) reported the lowest levels of prosocialness. Respondents with an alcohol addiction also showed lower prosocialness compared to no-addiction controls. By contrast, no significant differences in prosocialness were found between respondents with nicotine disorder or cannabis disorder and the no-addiction controls. Furthermore, the number of addictions had no clear, observable effects on prosocialness. Significant differences were found between the no-addiction control group and the groups reporting one or more addictions, but not between the separate groups reporting one, two, and three or more addictions.Discussion and conclusionsA better understanding of the social dimension affecting young males with addiction, particularly gambling and gaming addictions, may be useful for their prevention and treatment.
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DiNitto, Diana M. „The Future of Social Work Practice in Addictions“. Advances in Social Work 6, Nr. 1 (30.04.2005): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/91.
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Few social workers specialize in addictions practice. That number may grow in the years ahead due to demographic changes in the population, an expanding definition of addiction, and other factors. Social workers in all areas of practice see clients with addictions and their family members, but there is a large gap in the numbers who need treatment and receive it. The social work workforce of the future must be better equipped to develop and identify prevention and treatment services that are both appealing to clients and effective. These services may need to be offered in other setting where clients are seen. There is also much work to be done in the years ahead in the political environment to make treatment available and to see that individuals with addictions are treated fairly. Substantial research is being conducted on genetics and the brain chemistry of addiction. Psychosocial factors are also believed to play a substantial role in the development of addictions, thus ensuring social workers place in the addictions field in the years ahead.
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Lee, Minji, Sun Ju Chung, Youngjo Lee, Sera Park, Jun-Gun Kwon, Dai Jin Kim, Donghwan Lee und Jung-Seok Choi. „Investigation of Correlated Internet and Smartphone Addiction in Adolescents: Copula Regression Analysis“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 16 (11.08.2020): 5806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165806.
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Internet and smartphone addiction have become important social issues. Various studies have demonstrated their association with clinical and psychological factors, including depression, anxiety, aggression, anger expression, and behavioral inhibition, and behavioral activation systems. However, these two addictions are also highly correlated with each other, so the consideration of the relationship between internet and smartphone addiction can enhance the analysis. In this study, we considered the copula regression model to regress the bivariate addictions on clinical and psychological factors. Real data analysis with 555 students (age range: 14–15 years; males, N = 295; females, N = 265) from South Korean public middle schools is illustrated. By fitting the copula regression model, we investigated the dependency between internet and smartphone addiction and determined the risk factors associated with the two addictions. Furthermore, by comparing the model fits of the copula model with linear regression and generalized linear models, the best copula model was proposed in terms of goodness of fit. Our findings revealed that internet and smartphone addiction are not separate problems, and that associations between them should be considered. Psychological factors, such as anxiety, the behavioral inhibition system, and aggression were also significantly associated with both addictions, while ADHD symptoms were related to internet addiction only. We emphasize the need to establish policies on the prevention, management, and education of addiction.
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Masiak, Jolanta, Marcin Maciejewski, Brian Wallace, Karolina Karasińska, Maja Czerniec und Dov Gal. „Addictions. Substance addictions vs. behavioural addictions“. Archives of Physiotherapy and Global Researches 20, Nr. 1 (01.03.2016): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15442/apgr.20.2.8.
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Kalo, Z. „Woman aspects of behavior addiction, including gambling“. European Psychiatry 66, S1 (März 2023): S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.133.
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AbstractBehavioral addictions, also known as non-substance or non-drug addictions, refer to a range of compulsive behaviors that individuals engage in despite the negative consequences that result from these behaviors. Research on behavioral addiction in women has shown that women are at a higher risk for certain types of behavioral addictions, such as shopping addiction and internet addiction, compared to men. Studies suggest that women may be more susceptible to these types of addictions because of social and cultural factors, such as societal expectations of women to be nurturing and caregiving, which may lead them to use these behaviors as a form of coping mechanism. There is also evidence that women are more likely to experience shame and guilt as a result of their addiction, which can make it more difficult for them to seek help and support. Gambling among women has traditionally been less common than among men however, this trend is changing. Survey have shown that the number of women who gamble is on the rise, and that they are becoming increasingly diverse in terms of age, income, social background. Research studies have found that the rate of problem gambling among women is lower than men, but that women tend to develop gambling problems more quickly than men. This is thought to be due to a number of factors, including women’s greater vulnerability to stress and depression, as well as the fact that women are more likely to have a history of trauma or abuse. Overall, research on behavioral addictions among women is still a relatively new field, and there is a need for more studies to be conducted in order to better understand the unique factors that contribute to the development of these types of addictions in women.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
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Anderson, Murray. „Book Review of “Addiction Counseling Today: Substance and Addictive Behaviors”“. Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy 55, Nr. 1 (14.01.2021): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47634/cjcp.v55i1.70863.
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The issue of addictions and treatment has been increasingly prioritized by policy-makers in recent years, yet the meaning of the concept remains ambiguous. Throughout the 22 chapters of his book Addiction Counseling Today, Kevin G. Alderson weaves together the most salient theories, research, and therapies from the field of addiction and from contemporary developments in policy and practice. The book examines what the tenets of recovery and treatment mean in terms of not only the professional involved in providing treatment but also what recovery looks like for each client. Chapters cover the influence of ethics in treatment, theories of addiction, the neurosciences, and the recognition of behavioural addictions, including the controversies attached to the use of particular labels. A notable strength involves the author’s inclusion of the lived experiences of those who have dealt with various addictions. This book will be essential reading for practitioners, researchers, policy-makers, and students in the fields of addiction, social care, psychology, and criminal justice.
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Smirni, Daniela, Pietro Smirni, Gioacchino Lavanco und Barbara Caci. „Premorbid Personality Traits as Risk Factors for Behavioral Addictions: A Systematic Review of a Vulnerability Hypothesis“. Children 10, Nr. 3 (26.02.2023): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10030467.
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The debate on personality structure and behavioral addictions is an outstanding issue. According to some authors, behavioral addictions could arise from a premorbid personality, while for others, it could result from a pathological use of technological tools. The current study aims to investigate whether, in the latest literature, personality traits have been identified as predictors of behavioral addictions. A literature search was conducted under the PRISMA methodology, considering the most relevant studies of the five-factor model from the past 10 years. Overall, most studies on addiction, personality traits, and personality genetics proved that behavioral addiction may be an epiphenomenon of a pre-existing personality structure, and that it more easily occurs in vulnerable subjects with emotional instability, negative affects, and unsatisfactory relationships with themselves, others, and events. Such neurotic personality structure was common to any addictive behavior, and was the main risk factor for both substance and behavioral addictions. Therefore, in clinical and educational contexts, it becomes crucial to primarily focus on the vulnerability factors, at-risk personality traits, and protective and moderating traits such as extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience; meanwhile, treatment of behavioral addictions is frequently focused on overt pathological behaviors.
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Krivoschekov, S. G., und O. N. Lushnikov. „Psychophysiology of sports addictions (exercise addiction)“. Human Physiology 37, Nr. 4 (Juli 2011): 509–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0362119711030030.
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Jorgenson, Alicia Grattan, Ray Chih-Jui Hsiao und Cheng-Fang Yen. „Internet Addiction and Other Behavioral Addictions“. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 25, Nr. 3 (Juli 2016): 509–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2016.03.004.
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Holden, C. „ADDICTION: 'Behavioral' Addictions: Do They Exist?“ Science 294, Nr. 5544 (02.11.2001): 980–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.294.5544.980.
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Valenciano-Mendoza, Eduardo, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Roser Granero, Mónica Gómez-Peña, Laura Moragas, Bernat Mora-Maltas, Anders Håkansson, José M. Menchón und Susana Jiménez-Murcia. „Prevalence of Suicidal Behavior and Associated Clinical Correlates in Patients with Behavioral Addictions“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 21 (21.10.2021): 11085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111085.
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Addictive disorders are characterized by severe consequences, including suicidal events, but most studies investigating the association between addiction and suicidal risk have focused on substance use disorders and gambling disorder at the expense of the rest of behavioral addictions. This study examined the prevalence and the associated clinical correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a sample of patients with a diagnosis of behavioral addiction. The total sample consisted of 4404 individuals: 4103 of these patients with gambling disorder, 99 with gaming disorder, 44 with sex addiction, and 158 with buying–shopping disorder. All of them were assessed consecutively at a specialized hospital unit for the treatment of behavioral addictions. Participants attended two clinical interviews and completed self-reported questionnaires to explore clinical features of behavioral addictions, personality traits, psychopathological symptomatology, suicidal behavior, and sociodemographic variables. The highest prevalence of suicidal ideation was found in patients with gambling disorder (22.9%), followed by buying–shopping disorder (18.4%), sex addiction (18.2%), and gaming disorder (6.1%). The highest prevalence of suicide attempts was registered for sex addiction (9.1%), followed by buying–shopping disorder (7.6%), gambling disorder (6.7%), and gaming disorder (3.0%). Female gender and unemployment constituted two relevant sociodemographic factors associated with suicidal risk in gambling disorder, gaming disorder, and buying–shopping disorder. Lack of family support appeared as a relevant risk factor, except for gaming disorder. These results pointed out that suicide is a prevalent behavior in behavioral addictions, and clinicians and researchers need to pay particular attention to the specificities of each behavioral addiction when assessing suicidal risk.
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Marmet, Simon, Joseph Studer, Ansgar Rougemont-Bücking und Gerhard Gmel. „Latent profiles of family background, personality and mental health factors and their association with behavioural addictions and substance use disorders in young Swiss men“. European Psychiatry 52 (August 2018): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.04.003.
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AbstractBackground:Recent theories suggest that behavioural addictions and substance use disorders may be the result of the same underlying vulnerability. The present study investigates profiles of family background, personality and mental health factors and their associations with seven behavioural addictions (to the internet, gaming, smartphones, internet sex, gambling, exercise and work) and three substance use disorder scales (for alcohol, cannabis and tobacco).Methods:The sample consisted of 5287 young Swiss men (mean age = 25.42) from the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF). A latent profile analysis was performed on family background, personality and mental health factors. The derived profiles were compared with regards to means and prevalence rates of the behavioural addiction and substance use disorder scales.Results:Seven latent profiles were identified, ranging from profiles with a positive family background, favourable personality patterns and low values on mental health scales to profiles with a negative family background, unfavourable personality pattern and high values on mental health scales. Addiction scale means, corresponding prevalence rates and the number of concurrent addictions were highest in profiles with high values on mental health scales and a personality pattern dominated by neuroticism. Overall, behavioural addictions and substance use disorders showed similar patterns across latent profiles.Conclusion:Patterns of family background, personality and mental health factors were associated with different levels of vulnerability to addictions. Behavioural addictions and substance use disorders may thus be the result of the same underlying vulnerabilities.
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Orsolini, L., S. Bellagamba, G. Longo, S. Tempia Valenta, V. Salvi und U. Volpe. „Modern-type depression and web-based psychopathology in a cohort of Italian university students“. European Psychiatry 65, S1 (Juni 2022): S243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.627.
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Introduction Hikikomori represents the severe social withdrawal condition of the so-called ‘modern type-depression” (MTD). Digital addictions, including Internet addiction (IA), Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and smartphone addiction, have been associated with MTD and Hikikomori. Objectives This is a post-hoc study aimed at assessing digital addictions in a cohort of university students with a positive screening for MTD and Hikikomori. Methods A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted by administering the Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ-11), Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) and the Smartphone addiction scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). Results Among 1,148 respondents, a significant association was found between the HQ-11 scale and the DASS-21 total score (r=0.434). The HQ-11 positively correlated with IAT, IGDS9-SF and SAS-SV (r=0.329; r=0.292 and r=0.205 respectively). Conclusions Digital addictions appear to be widely diffuse among university students positive to the Hikikomori and MTD screening. Further longitudinal studies are needed to weight and balance the potential consequences of digital tools in Hikikomori subjects. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Kumar, Suresh, Sophie Jackson und Dominic Petronzi. „A preliminary study into internet related addictions among adults with dyslexia“. PLOS ONE 18, Nr. 2 (24.02.2023): e0280555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280555.
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In recent decades, studies have investigated associations between learning disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and the various types of internet addictions, ranging from general internet addiction (GIA) to specific internet addictions such as social media addiction (SMA) and internet gaming disorder (IGD). However, to date, no study has investigated such internet addictions among persons with dyslexia. The present study aimed to investigate whether differences exist between adults with dyslexia and controls in terms of GIA, SMA and IGD. A total of 141 adults with dyslexia and 150 controls (all UK based) were recruited. Controlling for age, gender, marital status, employment, and income levels, it was found that adults with dyslexia had higher levels of GIA and IGD compared to controls. However, these participants did not show any significant difference in terms of SMA. The results indicate that internet addictions may have a larger ambit for learning disorders beyond just ASD and ADHD and could be a hidden problem for these individuals.
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Bednarz, Bartłomiej. „Addiction as a restriction of freedom“. Catholic Pedagogy 33a, Nr. 1 (15.07.2023): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.62266/pk.1898-3685.2023.33a.29.
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Freedom is one of the qualities that distinguishes man from other beings living on earth. It is thanks to freedom that a person can take a different attitude towards life than the people around him. Freedom gives people a choice, which they often do not exercise by imitating the behaviour of others. Being a free person means, among other things, freedom from addictions and dependencies that take control of life and do not allow one to enjoy its full benefits. They are the most radical manifestation of the destruction of freedom. And it is not just addictions to drugs or alcohol, but also addictions to activities such as spending time in front of the phone, gambling, sex. As they proceed, a person respects himself less and less and becomes more and more a slave. Being in an addiction, one loses control over one's own life, one's whole functioning becomes more or less disturbed, and consequently one loses freedom. A life without addictions is happy and free from all the limitations they impose on man. Key words: freedom, addiction, drugs, alcohol, sex, gambling
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Fariña, Francisca, Juan Romero, Manuel Isorna und Ramón Arce. „Profiling and Prevalence of Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders and Behavioural Addictions in Incarcerated Traffic Offenders“. Sustainability 15, Nr. 12 (19.06.2023): 9771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129771.
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A field study was designed to determine if traffic offenders were characterised by substance-related and addictive disorders and behavioural addictions, and to examine their prevalence in this population. A total of 268 regular drivers (weekly or daily use) participated in the study; 132 incarcerated traffic offenders and 136 drivers with no criminal background. Subsamples were matched in age, sex, and time elapsed since their driving test. Participants responded to a measure of impulse control and addictions. The results revealed a more-than-problematic effect regarding drug addiction, alcohol consumption, and compulsive purchasing in the population of traffic offenders. In contrast, a trivial effect (insignificant) was observed in addiction to gambling, internet, videogames, eating, and sex. Comparatively, traffic offenders reported higher addiction to drugs, alcohol, gambling, compulsive purchasing, and sex, but less addiction to internet than controls. As for caseness analysis, a significant prevalence of caseness (>0.05) was observed in traffic offenders in connection to drugs, alcohol, internet, compulsive purchasing, and eating addictions. Moreover, addiction comorbidity or multi-comorbidity was found to be common (=0.50). The implications of the results for interventions with traffic offenders are discussed.
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Singh Balhara, Yatan Pal, Rachna Bhargava und Rakesh K. Chadda. „Service Development for Behavioural Addictions: AIIMS Experience“. Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) 53, Nr. 03 (Juli 2017): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712755.
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ABSTRACTThe concept of behavioural addiction is relatively new. The growing recognition of the behavioural addictions globally and increasing clinical queries catalysed the ongoing deliberations on setting up services for addressing behavioural addictions at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi. This led to establishment of what is arguably the first Behavioural Addictions Clinic (BAC) in the country. The clinic is an initiative of the Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Center (NDDTC), AIIMS, New Delhi. The current article offers an overview of the BAC, AIIMS, New Delhi.
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Can, Yafes. „Social media addiction and loneliness of high school students“. Advances in Mobile Learning Educational Research 3, Nr. 2 (28.11.2023): 893–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/amler.2023.02.016.
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The purpose of this study was to determine whether high school students' addictions to social media and feelings of loneliness were related. The UCLA loneliness scale, and the social media addiction scale were applied for this purpose. To supplement the quantitative data, a semi-structured questionnaire was also created, and students' perspectives on social media addiction and loneliness were evaluated. The study was conducted in a Turkish Anatolian high school student. 30 students took part in the study's qualitative part, whereas 379 students took part in the study's quantitative part. The study's quantitative findings and the data acquired from them showed that the students generally have a moderate level of social media addiction and a moderate level of loneliness. Additionally, the connection between students' addictions to social media and feelings of loneliness was investigated, and it was found through quantitative data that there was no such association. Nevertheless, qualitative data showed a connection between students' social media addictions and loneliness. While the qualitative findings match with the literature, the quantitative findings disagree with it when compared to other studies of a similar nature. As a result of the study, it can be seen that high school kids have moderate degrees of social media addiction and moderate level of loneliness. As a result, although quantitative data doesn't support, based on the qualitative data it can be said that high school students' addictions to social media may deprive them from real social environment and may lead them being loneliness.
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Martinotti, G., C. Villella, M. Di Nicola, F. Fanella, G. Conte und L. Janiri. „Behavioural dependences in adolescents and young adults: results from an observational study“. European Psychiatry 26, S2 (März 2011): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71791-6.
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IntroductionOur study aims to assess the prevalence of behavioural addictions in an adolescent populations, evaluating the effects of gender and age, and to assess the correlations and associations between different behavioural addictions.MethodsA population of 2853 students (1142 F and 1711 M, mean age 16.7± 1.9) was assessed in order to evaluate the prevalence of behavioural dependences such as Pathological Gambling (PG), Compulsive Buying (CB), Exercise Addiction (EA), Internet Addiction (IA), and Work Addiction (WA). The South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised Adolescent, the Compulsive Buying Scale, the Exercise Addiction Inventory, the Internet Addiction Test, and the Work Addiction Risk Test, were compiled anonymously by the students.ResultsOverall prevalence was 7.0% for PG, 11.3% for CB, 1.2% for IA, 7.6% for WA, 8.5% for EA. PG, and EA were more common among boys, while gender had no effect on the other conditions. CB was more common among younger ( < 18 years old) students. Each of these conditions showed a strong association with others, and the scores of all of these scales were correlated.DiscussionIn line with previous studies our results indicate that behavioural addictions are quite common among adolescents. The strong association between behavioural addictions stresses the concept that treatment for one of these conditions should involve assessment and treatment for the others.
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Starcevic, V. „Behavioral addictions and the associated mental health issues and psychopathology“. European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1386.
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IntroductionBehavioral addictions are conceptually controversial and their relationship with mental health problems and psychopathology is poorly understood.ObjectivesTo review the relationships between personality traits, mental health issues and mental disorders on one hand and several behavioral addictions on the other. The latter include problematic Internet use, Internet gaming disorder, hypersexual disorder/compulsive sexual behavior disorder, compulsive buying and exercise addiction.MethodsLiterature review and conceptual synthesis.ResultsMental health issues, personality dimensions and mental disorders are commonly associated with behavioral addictions. Although some relatively specific associations were found (e.g., between Internet gaming disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, between compulsive buying and pathological hoarding and between exercise addiction and eating disorders), the specificity of most associations was low. Most studies were cross-sectional and the direction of causality, if any, was uncertain. Therefore, it is unknown under what circumstances certain mental health issues predispose to the particular behavioral addiction or represent a primary problem and when they are a consequence of behavioral addictions. This review also underscores the importance of distinguishing between certain behavioral addictions and overlapping conditions, e.g., between compulsive buying and bipolar disorder (mania/hypomania).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that proper conceptualization of behavioral addictions as distinct conditions or a manifestation of an underlying psychopathology will have to await results of the prospective studies. In the meantime, there are implications for treatment in terms of the importance of identifying and addressing the underlying or associated mental health problems in individuals with behavioral addictions.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
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Alexander, Bruce K. „The Empirical and Theoretical Bases for an Adaptive Model of Addiction“. Journal of Drug Issues 20, Nr. 1 (Januar 1990): 37–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269002000103.
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There is substantial scientific support for an adaptive model of addiction. Research reviewed in this article supports the adaptive model's assertions that failure of psychosocial integration precedes addiction; that addiction serves a number of adaptive functions; that addictive behavior is not “out of control”; that drug use generally fits the predictions of coping theory; that addictions are often transitory; that the “lessor evil” assumption of the adaptive model is compatible with current theory; that addictions are often interchangeable; and that the term “adaptive” is defined precisely in the adaptive model. The extensive support for an adaptive model of addiction, in conjunction with the wealth of recent evidence against a disease model of addiction, suggests that a major reformulation of theory about drugs and addiction is underway in the scholarly community.
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Kolek, Agnieszka, und Adam Andrzejewski. „DYSFUNCTIONAL USE OF DIGITAL SPACE BY THE YOUTH – PEDAGOGIC IMPLICATIONS OF ADDICTION TO E-ACTIVITIES“. International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 7, Nr. 1 (29.06.2018): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2700.
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The publication relates to dysfunctional use of the digital space by the youth. It refers to the latest theories explaining the reasons of addictions to e-activities. It includes up-to-date review of the research on their access to the modern digital media and use of their functions. The authors present their own research performed on a group of young adults relating to the relationship between their style of coping with stress and addiction to the multimedia. The following issues have been presented in the publication: 1. Selected theories of risk of development of addictions to e-activities. 2. State of research on the issue of addictions to social networking platforms. 3. Pedagogic implications of addiction of the youth to e-activities. 4. Styles of young adults being addicted to the multimedia of coping with stress in the light of own research.
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Samuelsson, Eva, Jan Blomqvist und Irja Christophs. „Addiction and Recovery: Perceptions among Professionals in the Swedish Treatment System“. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 30, Nr. 1-2 (Februar 2013): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nsad-2013-0005.
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Aims The objective of the study was to explore perceptions of different addictions among Swedish addiction care personnel. Data A survey was conducted with 655 addiction care professionals in the social services, health care and criminal care in Stockholm County. Respondents were asked to rate the severity of nine addictions as societal problems, the individual risk to getting addicted, the possibilities for self-change and the perceived significance of professional treatment in finding a solution. Results The images of addiction proved to vary greatly according to its object. At one end of the spectrum were addictions to hard drugs, which were judged to be very dangerous to society, highly addictive and very hard to quit. At the other end of the spectrum were smoking and snuff use, which were seen more as bad habits than real addictions. Some consistent differences were detected between respondents from different parts of the treatment system. The most obvious was a somewhat greater belief in self-change among social services personnel, a greater overall change pessimism among professionals in the criminal care system and a somewhat higher risk perception and stronger emphasis on the necessity of treatment among medical staff. Conclusion Professionals' views in this area largely coincide with the official governing images displayed in the media, and with lay peoples' convictions.
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Mesce, Martina, Luca Cerniglia und Silvia Cimino. „Body Image Concerns: The Impact of Digital Technologies and Psychopathological Risks in a Normative Sample of Adolescents“. Behavioral Sciences 12, Nr. 8 (27.07.2022): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12080255.
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Background and Objectives: Previous research on associations between Body Image Concerns (BIC) and technological addictions, such as Internet addiction (IA) and Social Media Addiction (SMA), has focused on female samples, neglecting the impact they may have on males and the risk factor associated with age. The present study analyzed the correlations between BIC, IA, and SMA and between internalizing and externalizing problems. Methods: A sample of 204 participants (118 females; mean age = 15.88 years) were divided into three age groups (early, middle, and late adolescence) and completed a battery of scales including (i) Body Image Concern Inventory, (ii) Bergen Instagram Addiction Scale, (iii) Internet Addiction Test, and (iv) Youth Self Report. Results: Significant associations between BIC and technology addictions (SMA and IA) appeared both in the total sample and in the subgroups related to gender and age; bivariate correlations between internalizing and externalizing problems and variables were significant for the total sample but only in some of the gender- and age-related subgroups. Discussion and Conclusions: This research has shown how associations between BIC and behavioral technology addictions, especially associations with internalizing and externalizing symptoms, may vary by the gender affiliation and developmental stage of the individual.
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Park, Hyoungjin, und Taewoon Jung. „The Effects of Equine-Assisted Learning on Adolescents with Internet Gaming Disorder“. Healthcare 12, Nr. 3 (25.01.2024): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12030311.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, internet gaming became more popular as a way to cope with stress, but excessive gaming can lead to mental health issues like internet gaming disorder (IGD). IGD has serious consequences, especially among children and young adults, and the gaming industry’s profits continue to grow. This study aims to understand the mental and behavioral health of adolescents with IGD participating in an equine-assisted learning (EAL) program and assess the changes in their addiction tendencies and emotional and behavioral problems. The results showed that the participants’ tendency towards internet gaming addiction and emotional and behavioral problems decreased immediately after the EAL program, but they rose again a month later. This suggests the importance of ongoing program involvement. As COVID-19 restrictions ease worldwide, this study highlights the increasing risk of IGD. It suggests that EAL could be a valuable approach to treating behavioral addictions, including gaming addiction. While prior research has shown the effectiveness of EAL in treating substance addiction, more research is needed to explore its potential in treating various types of addictions, such as gambling or gaming addictions.
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Lobo, Daniela S. S., und James L. Kennedy. „The Genetics of Gambling and Behavioral Addictions“. CNS Spectrums 11, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2006): 931–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900015121.
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ABSTRACTBehavioral addictions are considered as the repetitive occurrence of impulsive behaviors without consideration of their potential negative consequences. These addictions represent an increasing cost to society and are an important new field of research in psychiatric genetics. There has been a growing body of evidence on the familial aggregation and genetic influences on the development of behavioral addictions and mainly on pathological gambling. The aim of this article is to critically review findings of family and molecular genetic studies on behavioral addictions, focusing on pathological gambling and commenting on other disorders where appropriate. This review provides a comprehensive approach to genetic studies on behavioral addiction and points out the necessity of expanding the genetic research in this field. Future directions for genetic studies in this field are also discussed.
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Wray, Tyler B. „Exploring Whether Addictions Counselors Recommend That Their Patients Use Websites, Smartphone Apps, or Other Digital Health Tools to Help Them in Their Recovery: Web-Based Survey“. JMIR Formative Research 6, Nr. 6 (20.06.2022): e37008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/37008.
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Background Hundreds of smartphone apps or websites claiming to help those with addictions are available, but few have been tested for efficacy in changing clinically relevant addictions outcomes. Although most of these products are designed for self-facilitation by users struggling with addictions, counselors and other addictions treatment providers will likely play a critical role in facilitating adoption by integrating their use into counseling or recommending them to their patients. Yet, few studies have explored the practices of addictions counselors in using or recommending addictions-focused digital health tools in their work. Objective The aim of this study was to understand whether addiction counselors are recommending that their patients use addictions-focused apps to help them in their recovery, and the factors that affect their desire to do so. Methods Licensed addiction counselors practicing in the United States (N=112) were recruited from professional and scientific organizations of alcohol or drug counselors to complete a web-based survey. Results In total, 74% (83/112) of counselors had recommended that their patients use a website or smartphone app to assist them in recovery, and those that had done so reported recommending an app with an average of 54% of their patients. The most commonly recommended app or website was SMARTRecovery.org (9%), I am Sober (8%), In the Rooms (7%), Insight Timer (4%), Calm (4%), Sober Tool (4%), Recovery Box (3%), and Sober Grid (3%). The most important reason that counselors recommended the websites or apps was that colleagues or patients told them they found it helpful (55%), followed by their workplaces recommending it (20%) and professional organizations recommending it (10%). Counselors’ intentions to recommend a hypothetical app were strongest for apps that had been tested in rigorous, scientific studies that showed they helped users stay sober or reduce their substance use; 94% (105/112) reported that they would “definitely” or “probably” use such an app. Conclusions Most addictions counselors surveyed are already recommending that their patients use apps or websites to help them in their recovery, despite the paucity of available products that have evidence supporting their efficacy for addictions outcomes. One way that product developers could increase adoption among addictions treatment providers is to make efficacy testing a priority and to disseminate results through professional organizations and clinics.
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Kolas, Janelle, und Adrian von Mühlenen. „Addicted to socialising and still lonely: A comparative, corpus-driven analysis of problematic social networking site use“. Journal of Behavioral Addictions 13, Nr. 1 (26.03.2024): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2023.00061.
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AbstractBackground and AimsProblematic Social Networking Site Use (PSNSU) is not a formally recognised addiction, but it is increasingly discussed as such in academic research and online. Taking a quantitative, exploratory approach, this study aims to (1) determine whether PSNSU is presented like clinically defined addictions by the affected community and (2) address how well measurements of PSNSU fit with the thematic content found within the associated discourse.MethodsFour corpora were created for this study: a corpus concerning PSNSU and three control corpora concerning established addictions, including Alcohol Use Disorder, Tobacco Use Disorder and Gaming Disorder. Keywords were identified, collocates and concordances were explored, and shared themes were compared.ResultsFindings show broad thematic similarities between PSNSU and the three control addictions as well as prominent interdiscursive references, which indicate possible confirmation bias among speakers.ConclusionsScales based upon the components model of addiction are suggested as the most appropriate measure of this emerging disorder.
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Harrison, Klisala. „The social potential of music for addiction recovery“. Music & Science 2 (01.01.2019): 205920431984205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059204319842058.
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This article examines music and music scholarship vis-à-vis research findings in addictions sciences. It explains how music is socially useful for preventing and treating addiction. Making music with others, and all of the social and cultural activities that go into doing so—musicking—can foster psychosocial integration and social cohesion, via specific cultural and musical mechanisms, and in ways that can salve addictions. Alexander’s social dislocation theory of addiction serves as the theoretical framework for the study. I draw empirical support for the discussion from my long-term ethnographic fieldwork on Indigenous addiction rehabilitation settings in Vancouver, Canada. My analysis of those settings finds that connecting socially via musicking in ways that can prevent and treat addiction happens through different ways of being, ideas and focuses of attention—such as constructs of ethnicity, around spirituality/religion, and social and political values—that are shared among musicking people and perceived via their eight senses (the auditory, visual, tactile, gustatory, olfactory, vestibular, proprioceptive, and interoceptive). This article responds to a lack of music and cultural research on the correlation between social disconnection and addiction as well as a lack of study on the social potential of musical cultures to prevent and treat addictions. The article lays groundwork for future research on the roles that musicking can play in addiction recovery.
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Daglis, Theodoros. „The Increase in Addiction during COVID-19“. Encyclopedia 1, Nr. 4 (24.11.2021): 1257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1040095.
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The increase in addiction during COVID-19 is a condition that emerged as an aftermath of COVID-19-related events, for instance, fear of the spread of COVID-19, self-abstention from many activities, and restrictions established by the lockdown measures. This condition includes substance addictions such as drugs and alcohol but also behavioral addictions such as gambling, gaming, pornography, and smartphone and internet misuse.
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Couteron, Jean-Pierre. „Addiction au quotidien, ou l'ordinaire des addictions“. Psychotropes 14, Nr. 3 (2008): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/psyt.143.0079.
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O’Brien, John M., und Nancy J. Abel. „EMDR, Addictions, and the Stages of Change: A Road Map for Intervention“. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research 5, Nr. 3 (2011): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.5.3.121.
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A growing body of literature indicates that eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) can be useful in the treatment of addictions. When combined with traditional addictions treatment approaches, EMDR can enhance client stability, prevent relapse, and promote recovery. Clinical decision making about when and how to use EMDR techniques with clients who present with addictions is complicated. The purpose of this article is to explore the use of EMDR interventions with clients presenting various levels of awareness of their addiction as well as varied levels of motivation to change. The authors explore the Stages of Change and suggest appropriate pre-EMDR EMDR interventions at each stage.