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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Adaptation and aftereffects"
1
Leopold, David A., Gillian Rhodes, Kai-Markus Müller und Linda Jeffery. „The dynamics of visual adaptation to faces“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, Nr. 1566 (05.05.2005): 897–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.3022.
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Several recent demonstrations using visual adaptation have revealed high-level aftereffects for complex patterns including faces. While traditional aftereffects involve perceptual distortion of simple attributes such as orientation or colour that are processed early in the visual cortical hierarchy, face adaptation affects perceived identity and expression, which are thought to be products of higher-order processing. And, unlike most simple aftereffects, those involving faces are robust to changes in scale, position and orientation between the adapting and test stimuli. These differences raise the question of how closely related face aftereffects are to traditional ones. Little is known about the build-up and decay of the face aftereffect, and the similarity of these dynamic processes to traditional aftereffects might provide insight into this relationship. We examined the effect of varying the duration of both the adapting and test stimuli on the magnitude of perceived distortions in face identity. We found that, just as with traditional aftereffects, the identity aftereffect grew logarithmically stronger as a function of adaptation time and exponentially weaker as a function of test duration. Even the subtle aspects of these dynamics, such as the power-law relationship between the adapting and test durations, closely resembled that of other aftereffects. These results were obtained with two different sets of face stimuli that differed greatly in their low-level properties. We postulate that the mechanisms governing these shared dynamics may be dissociable from the responses of feature-selective neurons in the early visual cortex.
2
Petersik, J. Timothy. „Buildup and Decay of a Three-Dimensional Rotational Aftereffect Obtained with a Three-Dimensional Figure“. Perception 31, Nr. 7 (Juli 2002): 825–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p3358.
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Gaps in past literature have raised questions regarding the kinds of stimuli that can lead to three-dimensional (3-D) rotation aftereffects. Further, the characteristics of the buildup and decay of such aftereffects are not clear. In the present experiments, rotation aftereffects were generated by projections of cube-like stimuli whose dynamic perspective motions gave rise to the perception of rotation in unambiguous directions; test stimuli consisted of similar cubes whose rotation directions were ambiguous. In experiment 1, the duration of the adaptation stimulus was varied and it was found that the 3-D rotation aftereffect develops with a time constant of approximately 26 s. In experiment 2, the duration between adaptation and testing was varied. It was found that the 3-D rotation aftereffect has a decay constant of about 9 s, similar to that observed with 2-D motion aftereffects. Experiment 3 showed that the rotation aftereffects were not simple depth aftereffects. To account for these aftereffects and related data, a modification of an existing neural-network model is suggested.
3
Delorme, André. „Dichoptically Viewed Colour Aftereffects Produced by Monocular Adaptation“. Perception 23, Nr. 8 (August 1994): 957–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p230957.
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Colour aftereffects were observed in dichoptically viewed achromatic striped patterns after a 25 s period of monocular adaptation to an homogeneous coloured field of red, green, or blue. Three test conditions of dichoptic viewing were used. In condition 1, black line patterns were viewed dichoptically on fused white backgrounds. Stimuli used in condition 2 were similar except that they were white line patterns on black backgrounds. Last, condition 3 was realised with the same stimulus patterns utilised in condition 1, except that the mode of dichoptic viewing produced a juxtaposition rather than a fusion of the two white backgrounds containing the line patterns. Some colour aftereffect was obtained for each colour-adaptation condition and in each test condition. It consisted in a negative colour aftereffect (NCA) in the adapted eye (the colour seen was roughly the complementary of the adaptation colour) and/or a positive colour aftereffect (PCA) in the unadapted eye (the colour seen tended rather to be similar in hue to the adaptation colour). In fact, the following four kinds of responses were obtained: (i) two colour aftereffects, one seen by each eye, ie a NCA involving the adapted eye and a PCA involving the unadapted eye; (ii) a NCA involving the adapted eye only; (iii) a PCA involving the unadapted eye only; (iv) no colour aftereffect at all. Results obtained in different test conditions permitted us to assert that both kinds of colour aftereffect could be produced with white patterns on dark backgrounds as well as with black patterns on white backgrounds and did not require binocular fusion of the white backgrounds. Hypothetical physiological explanations of these aftereffects are available.
4
Wade, Nicholas J., und Charles M. M. De Weert. „Aftereffects in Binocular Rivalry“. Perception 15, Nr. 4 (August 1986): 419–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p150419.
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Five experiments are reported in which the aftereffect paradigm was applied to binocular rivalry. In the first three experiments rivalry was between a vertical grating presented to the left eye and a horizontal grating presented to the right eye. In the fourth experiment the rivalry stimuli consisted of a rotating sectored disc presented to the left eye and a static concentric circular pattern presented to the right. In experiment 5 rivalry was between static radiating and circular patterns. The predominance durations were systematically influenced by direct (same eye) and indirect (interocular) adaptation in a manner similar to that seen for spatial aftereffects. Binocular adaptation produced an aftereffect that was significantly smaller than the direct aftereffect, but not significantly different from the indirect one. A model is developed to account for the results; it involves two levels of binocular interaction in addition to monocular channels. It is suggested that the site of spatial aftereffects is the same as that for binocular rivalry, rather than sequentially prior.
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Calzolari, Elena, Elena Azañón, Matthew Danvers, Giuseppe Vallar und Matthew R. Longo. „Adaptation aftereffects reveal that tactile distance is a basic somatosensory feature“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, Nr. 17 (10.04.2017): 4555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1614979114.
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The stage at which processing of tactile distance occurs is still debated. We addressed this issue by implementing an adaptation-aftereffect paradigm with passive touch. We demonstrated the presence of a strong aftereffect, induced by the simultaneous presentation of pairs of tactile stimuli. After adaptation to two different distances, one on each hand, participants systematically perceived a subsequent stimulus delivered to the hand adapted to the smaller distance as being larger. We further investigated the nature of the aftereffects, demonstrating that they are orientation- and skin-region–specific, occur even when just one hand is adapted, do not transfer either contralaterally or across the palm and dorsum, and are defined in a skin-centered, rather than an external, reference frame. These characteristics of tactile distance aftereffects are similar to those of low-level visual aftereffects, supporting the idea that distance perception arises at early stages of tactile processing.
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SAUL, ALAN B. „Visual cortical simple cells: Who inhibits whom“. Visual Neuroscience 16, Nr. 4 (Juli 1999): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095252389916406x.
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Simple cells display a specific adaptation aftereffect when tested with drifting gratings. The onset of the response to each cycle of the grating is delayed after adapting, but the offset is unaffected. Testing with stationary bars whose luminance was modulated in time revealed that aftereffects occur only at certain points in both space and time. The aftereffects seen with moving stimuli were predicted from those seen with stationary stimuli. These adaptation experiments suggest a model that consists of mutually inhibitory simple cells that are in spatiotemporal quadrature. The inhibition is appropriately localized in space and time to create the observed aftereffects. In this model, inhibition onto direction-selective simple cells arises from simple cells with the same preferred direction.
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Burgering, Merel A., Thijs van Laarhoven, Martijn Baart und Jean Vroomen. „Fluidity in the perception of auditory speech: Cross-modal recalibration of voice gender and vowel identity by a talking face“. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73, Nr. 6 (30.01.2020): 957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021819900884.
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Humans quickly adapt to variations in the speech signal. Adaptation may surface as recalibration, a learning effect driven by error-minimisation between a visual face and an ambiguous auditory speech signal, or as selective adaptation, a contrastive aftereffect driven by the acoustic clarity of the sound. Here, we examined whether these aftereffects occur for vowel identity and voice gender. Participants were exposed to male, female, or androgynous tokens of speakers pronouncing /e/, /ø/, (embedded in words with a consonant-vowel-consonant structure), or an ambiguous vowel halfway between /e/ and /ø/ dubbed onto the video of a male or female speaker pronouncing /e/ or /ø/. For both voice gender and vowel identity, we found assimilative aftereffects after exposure to auditory ambiguous adapter sounds, and contrastive aftereffects after exposure to auditory clear adapter sounds. This demonstrates that similar principles for adaptation in these dimensions are at play.
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Reinhardt-Rutland, Anthony H. „Increasing-Loudness Aftereffect following Decreasing-Intensity Adaptation: Spectral Dependence in Interotic and Monotic Testing“. Perception 27, Nr. 4 (April 1998): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p270473.
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Listening to decreasing intensity leads to illusory increasing loudness afterwards. Evidence suggests that this increasing-loudness aftereffect may have a sensory component concerned with dynamic localisation. This was tested by comparing the spectral dependence of monotic aftereffect (adapting and testing one ear) with the spectral dependence of interotic aftereffect (adapting one ear and testing the other ear). Existence of the proposed component implies that monotic aftereffect should be more spectrally dependent than interotic aftereffect. Three listeners were exposed to a 1 kHz adapting stimulus. From responses of “growing softer” or “growing louder” to test stimuli changing in intensity, nulls were calculated; test carrier frequencies ranged from 0.5 kHz to 2 kHz. Confirming the hypothesis, monotic aftereffect was about three times as strong as interotic aftereffect for the 1 kHz test carrier frequency, while monotic and interotic aftereffects were comparable in magnitude for test carrier frequencies below about 0.8 kHz and above about 1.2 kHz. The latter residual aftereffects are attributed to cognitive processing, perhaps concerning response bias. Sensitivity did not vary systematically across conditions; this is consistent with evidence that changing intensity entails mainly direct processing. The results cannot be attributed to the loudness adaptation elicited by steady stimuli.
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Roach, Neil W., und Paul V. McGraw. „Dynamics of Spatial Distortions Reveal Multiple Time Scales of Motion Adaptation“. Journal of Neurophysiology 102, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2009): 3619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00548.2009.
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Prolonged exposure to consistent visual motion can significantly alter the perceived direction and speed of subsequently viewed objects. These perceptual aftereffects have provided invaluable tools with which to study the mechanisms of motion adaptation and draw inferences about the properties of underlying neural populations. Behavioral studies of the time course of motion aftereffects typically reveal a gradual process of adaptation spanning a period of multiple seconds. In contrast, neurophysiological studies have documented multiple motion adaptation effects operating over similar, or substantially faster (i.e., sub-second) time scales. Here we investigated motion adaptation by measuring time-dependent changes in the ability of moving stimuli to distort the perceived position of briefly presented static objects. The temporal dynamics of these motion-induced spatial distortions reveal the operation of two dissociable mechanisms of motion adaptation with differing properties. The first is rapid (subsecond), acts to limit the distortions induced by continuing motion, but is not sufficient to produce an aftereffect once the motion signal disappears. The second gradually accumulates over a period of seconds, does not modulate the size of distortions produced by continuing motion, and produces repulsive aftereffects after motion offset. These results provide new psychophysical evidence for the operation of multiple mechanisms of motion adaptation operating over distinct time scales.
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Ehrenstein, Walter H. „Auditory Aftereffects following Simulated Motion Produced by Varying Interaural Intensity or Time“. Perception 23, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1994): 1249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p231249.
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Simulated auditory motion, ie step-ramp modulated interaural intensity (Δ I) or time (Δ t) was presented via headphones as an adapting stimulus (narrow-band signal of 1 kHz mean frequency). After adaptation, settings of a stationary test stimulus were systematically shifted in the opposite direction when the experimental parameter was Δ I, but not when it was Δ t. Further studies with Δ t motion with the use of mean frequencies of 100 Hz or 6 kHz showed an aftereffect only at 6 kHz. Unlike visual motion aftereffects, no counter-motion was observed; rather the test stimulus appeared stationary, but settings of its interaural midline were displaced in a direction opposite to the direction of adaptation (on average by 1.2 dB or 30 μs for Δ I-simulated and Δ I-simulated motion, respectively). This displacement effect decayed with time after adaptation. The frequency dependence found for Δ t motion suggests that the low-frequency mechanism of directional hearing that uses interaural ongoing-time (phase) differences is not able to adapt. The observed auditory aftereffects may be analogous to visual motion aftereffects since they are direction specific; however, because they lack apparent motion they also resemble disparity-specific stereoscopic aftereffects.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Adaptation and aftereffects"
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Dong, Charles Chang-Jiang. „On the auditory adaptation aftereffects“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0016/NQ56534.pdf.
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2
Bunday, Karen Louise. „Mechanisms involved in locomotor adaptation and aftereffects“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445134.
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3
O'Kane, Lisa. „Adaptation and aftereffects in the visual system“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2007. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4969/.
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This thesis is concerned with the investigation of the nature of adaptation and aftereffects in the human visual system. We extend previous research first by specifically investigating the temporal aspect of these processes. The technique we develop and present here offers a method of measuring the temporal dynamics of visual aftereffects which captures how the aftereffect is varying in both strength and duration. In the first experimental chapter we present data following the application of this technique to the Depth After Effect. We then go on to apply this technique to the investigation of the Motion After Effect and in particular look at the temporal dynamics of this effect using different stimuli during adaptation. The results of this form the second and third experimental chapter of this thesis. Having addressed aspects of the nature of visual aftereffects to both motion and disparity, we then present an experiment looking at adaptation to both motion and disparity, and the effect this has on an ambiguous stimuli, that of a transparent surface. We found that observers' biases for which direction of motion moved in front was influenced in a manner mostly consistent with a depth-contingent motion aftereffect following adaptation. These results emphasize the critical role of neural structures sensitive to both motion and binocular disparity in the perception of motion transparency. In summary, this thesis addresses the nature of visual aftereffects and also presents a method of measuring how they vary with time.
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Georgiades, Michael S. „Modulating MAEs : critical factors, and the effects of selective attentional processing on adaptation to motion stimuli“. Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265630.
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5
Jaquet, Emma. „Perceptual aftereffects reveal dissociable adaptive coding of faces of different races and sexes“. University of Western Australia. School of Psychology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0021.
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[Truncated abstract] Recent studies have provided evidence that face-coding mechanisms reference a norm or average face (Leopold, O`Toole, Vetter & Blanz, 2001; Rhodes & Jeffery, 2006). The central aim of this thesis was to establish whether distinct norms, and dissociable neural mechanisms code faces of different race and sex categories. Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction to norm based coding of faces, and reviews evidence for the existence of distinct norms for different races and sexes. Chapter 1 then introduces adaptation as a tool for investigating these ideas. Chapter 2 presents two adaptation studies that examined how faces of different races are coded. The aim of these studies was to determine whether dissociable neural mechanisms (or distinct face norms) code faces of different races. Chinese and Caucasian participants rated the normality of Caucasian and Chinese test faces, before and after adaptation to distorted faces of one race (e.g., 'contracted' Chinese faces; Experiment 1) or distorted faces of both races (e.g., 'contracted' Chinese faces and 'expanded' Caucasian faces; Experiment 2). Following adaptation to faces of one race, there were changes in perceived normality for faces of both races (i.e., perceptual aftereffects), indicating that common neural mechanisms code Chinese and Caucasian faces. However, aftereffects were significantly smaller in faces of the unadapted race suggesting some sensitivity to the race of faces. This sensitivity was also evident in Experiment 2. ... Some dissociability was also found in the coding of faces of different iv sexes. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants adapted to oppositely distorted faces of both sexes. Weak sex-selective aftereffects were found. Taken together, the findings suggest that male and female faces are coded by dissociable but not completely distinct neural populations. Chapter 4 examined whether the aftereffects reported for faces of different races or sexes reflected the adaptation of high-level neural mechanisms tuned to the social category information in faces, or earlier coding mechanisms tuned to simple physical differences between face groups. Chinese and Caucasian participants adapted to oppositely distorted face sets that were the same distance apart on a morph continua. The face sets were either from different race categories (e.g., contracted Chinese faces and expanded Caucasian faces), or from the same race category, (e.g., contracted Chinese faces and expanded caricatured Chinese faces). Larger opposite aftereffects were found when face sets were from different race categories, than when they were from the same race category suggesting that oppositely adapted neural mechanisms are tuned to social category differences rather than simple physical differences in faces. Together, these studies shed new light on how we code faces from different face categories. Specifically, the findings indicate that faces of different races and sexes are coded by both common and race- or sex-selective neural mechanisms. In addition, the findings are consistent with the possibility that race- and sex-selective norms and dimensions are used to code faces in face space. The implications of these findings and possible avenues for future research are discussed.
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Theodoni, Panagiota. „Fluctuations in perceptual decisions : cortical microcircuit dynamics mediating alternations in conscious visual perception“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145642.
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Fluctuations in perceptual decisions emerge when our brain confronts with ambiguous
sensory stimuli. For instance, our perception alternates between two conflicting images
when presented dichoptically to our eyes, allowing a dissociation of the sensory stimulation
from the conscious visual perception, and therefore providing a gateway to consciousness.
How does the brain work when it deals with such ambiguous sensory stimuli? We
addressed this question theoretically by employing a biophysically realistic attractor
network, by consistently reducing it to a four- variable rate- based model, and by extracting
analytical expressions for second- order statistics. We considered human behavioral and
macaque neurophysiological data collected when subjects were confronting with such
ambiguities. Our results show the relevance of neuronal adaptation in perceptual decision
making, as well as that it contributes to the speed- accuracy trade- off. Furthermore, our
findings affirm that both noise and neural adaptation operate in balance during the
fluctuating states of visual awareness and suggest that while adaptation in inhibition is not
relevant for the perceptual alternations, it contributes to the brain dynamics at rest. Finally,
we explain the observed neuronal noise- decorrelation during visual consciousness and
provide insights on the long- standing question: where in the brain rivalry is resolved.Les fluctuacions en les decisions perceptives sorgeixen quan el nostre cervell s'enfronta a estímuls sensorials ambigus. Per exemple, la nostra percepció alterna entre dues imatges contradictòries quan es presenten de forma dicòptica als nostres ulls, cosa que permet una dissociació de l'estimulació sensorial de la percepció visual conscient, i per tant proporciona una porta d'entrada a la consciència. Com funciona el cervell quan es tracta d'aquest tipus d'estímuls sensorials ambigus? Hem tractat aquesta qüestió de forma teòrica mitjançant l'ús d'una xarxa d'atractors biofísicament realista, reduint-la de forma consistent a un model de quatre variables basat en la freqüència, i extraient expressions analítiques pels estadístics de segon ordre. Hem emprat dades neurofisiològiques de comportament d'humans i macacos recollides quan els subjectes s'enfrontaven a aquest tipus d'ambigüitats. Els nostres resultats mostren la importància de l'adaptació neuronal en la presa de decisions perceptives i mostren la seva contribució a l'equilibri velocitat-precisió. D'altra banda, els nostres resultats confirmen que tant el soroll com l'adaptació neural operen en equilibri durant els estats fluctuants de consciència visual i suggereixen que, si bé l'adaptació en la inhibició no és rellevant per a les alternances de percepció, contribueix a la dinàmica del cervell en repòs. Finalment, expliquem la decorrelació del soroll neuronal observada durant la consciència visual i proporcionem noves idees en relació a l’antiga qüestió de en quin lloc del cervell es resol la rivalitat visual.
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McGraw, Paul V., David J. Whitaker, Jennifer Skillen und S. T. L. Chung. „Motion adaptation distorts perceived visual position“. 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3422.
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NoAfter an observer adapts to a moving stimulus, texture within a stationary stimulus is perceived to drift in the opposite direction¿the traditional motion aftereffect (MAE). It has recently been shown that the perceived position of objects can be markedly influenced by motion adaptation [1] and [2]. In the present study, we examine the selectivity of positional shifts resulting from motion adaptation to stimulus attributes such as velocity, relative contrast, and relative spatial frequency. In addition, we ask whether spatial position can be modified in the absence of perceived motion. Results show that when adapting and test stimuli have collinear carrier gratings, the global position of the object shows a substantial shift in the direction of the illusory motion. When the carrier gratings of the adapting and test stimuli are orthogonal (a configuration in which no MAE is experienced), a global positional shift of similar magnitude is found. The illusory positional shift was found to be immune to changes in spatial frequency and to contrast between adapting and test stimuli¿manipulations that dramatically reduce the magnitude of the traditional MAE. The lack of sensitivity for stimulus characteristics other than direction of motion suggests that a specialized population of cortical neurones, which are insensitive to changes in a number of rudimentary visual attributes [3], may modulate positional representation in lower cortical areas.
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Keeble, David R. T., E. Castet und F. Verstraten. „Nulling the motion aftereffect with dynamic random-dot stimuli: limitations and implications“. 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3284.
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NoWe used biased random-dot dynamic test stimuli to measure the strength of the motion aftereffect (MAE) to evaluate the usefulness of this technique as a measure of motion adaptation strength. The stimuli consisted of noise dots whose individual directions were random and of signal dots moving in a unique direction. All dots moved at the same speed. For each condition, the nulling percentage (percentage of signal dots needed to perceptually null the MAE) was scaled with respect to the coherence threshold (percentage needed to perceive the coherent motion of signal dots without prior adaptation). The increase of these scaled values with the density of dots in the test stimulus suggests that MAE strength is underestimated when measured with low densities. We show that previous reports of high nulling percentages at slow speeds do not reflect strong MAEs, but are actually due to spatio-temporal aliasing, which dramatically increases coherence thresholds. We further show that MAE strength at slow speed increases with eccentricity. These findings are consistent with the idea that using this dynamic test stimulus preferentially reveals the adaptation of a population of high-speed motion units whose activity is independent of adapted low-speed motion units.
Bücher zum Thema "Adaptation and aftereffects"
1
Palumbo, Rocco, Stefania D'Ascenzo und Luca Tommasi, Hrsg. High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects. Frontiers Media SA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-147-0.
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2
Webster, Michael A. Adaptation Aftereffects in the Perception of Faces. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0094.
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Most people are adept at recognizing a face they have seen previously, or inferring from the face an individual’s traits. These abilities suggest that some aspects of the visual representation of faces remain stable. Yet, face perception may also involve highly dynamic processes that are continuously recalibrated by the variety of faces to which we are exposed. In particular, the appearance of a face can be rapidly and dramatically changed after viewing—and thus adapting—to a different face. Thus tThe perceived identity or characteristics of a face appears can be strongly biased by the set of faces seen previously. For example, after viewing a narrow face, a normally proportioned face appears too wide. These face aftereffects are similar in form and dynamics to the classic adaptation effects of color, form, and motion but may depend in part on response changes at high and possibly face-specific levels of visual processing.
3
Anstis, Stuart. Adaptation to Brightness Change, Contours, Jogging, and Apparent Motion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0108.
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Frisby and Stone have dubbed adaptation the “psychophysicist’s electrode” and John Mollon once famously said, “If it adapts, it’s there.” Psychologists piously hope that their many experiments on visual adaptation will tell physiologists where to look inside the brain. This chapter describes visual adaptation to temporal ramps, spatial edges, and apparent motion and touches on kinesthetic aftereffects from jogging. Sawtooth adaptation, a ramp aftereffect that is produced by gazing at a spatially uniform patch whose luminance is temporally modulated by a repetitive sawtooth, either gradually dimming and turning sharply back on (rapid-on) or gradually brightening and turning sharply back off (rapid-off), is discussed. Related concepts that are covered include pattern-specific contrast adaptation, contour adaptation, adaptation to apparent motion, and adapting to flicker, which changes apparent spatial frequency.
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Verstraten, Frans A. J., und Peter J. Bex. The Motion Aftereffect. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0082.
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The aftereffect of motion is one of the oldest known illusions. It refers to the illusory motion of a stationary scene after some time of adaptation to real motion. While it is still unknown whether this adaptation effect has any functional value, it surely has served well as a tool to investigate the functional organization of the visual system. In this chapter some of the classic findings are discussed. More recent work using complex stimuli, attentional modulation, higher order motion, as well as modern neuro-imaging techniques has provided vision scientists with surprising new insights. Discussion of the related concepts of motion perception, motion transparency, and interocular transfer are included.
Buchteile zum Thema "Adaptation and aftereffects"
1
Daw, Nigel. „Adaptation and Aftereffects“. In How Vision Works, 192–206. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751617.003.0009.
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2
„Proprioceptive Adaptation and Aftereffects“. In Handbook of Virtual Environments, 865–86. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17360-44.
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3
Rhodes, Gillian, Rachel Robbins, Emma Jaquet, Elinor Mckone, Linda Jeffery und Colin W. G. Clifford. „Adaptation and Face Perception: How Aftereffects Implicate Norm-Based Coding of Faces“. In Fitting the Mind to the WorldAdaptation and After-Effects in High-Level Vision, 213–40. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198529699.003.0009.
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4
Anstis, Stuart. „Chapter 6 In honour of Lothar Spillmann — filling-in, wiggly lines, adaptation, and aftereffects“. In Progress in Brain Research, 93–108. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(06)55006-x.
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5
Ametaj, Amantia A., Nina Wong Sarver, Obianujunwa Anakwenze, Masaya Ito, Michel Rattner-Castro und SriRamya Potluri. „Cross-Cultural Applications of the Unified Protocol“. In Applications of the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders, 268–90. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190255541.003.0016.
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Growing evidence supports the importance of culturally adapting evidence-based interventions to increase their effectiveness and prevent treatment dropout. This chapter discusses several strategies for tailoring treatment to culturally diverse individuals and summarizes two cultural adaptations of the Unified Protocol for the Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) in two countries, Japan and Colombia. In Japan, the protocol retained a high degrees of fidelity to the original UP while being translated into Japanese, adding illustrations, and changing the structure of the treatment goals. In Colombia, the protocol was culturally adapted to treat patients suffering from the aftereffects of trauma from the armed conflict. Descriptions of the cultural adaptations made to the protocol are outlined. In addition, a case from each setting is presented to illustrate the application of these adaptations.
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Markowitz, John C. „Adapting IPT for PTSD“. In Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, 47–55. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780190465599.003.0004.
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This chapter reviews adaptations we made to IPT in order to treat patients with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In shifting from the standard model of IPT used for depression, changes included: (1) dealing with numbness through affective reattunement, (2) focusing on the interpersonal aftereffects of trauma rather than recounting traumatic events, (3) the deletion of the interpersonal focus of interpersonal deficits. Most aspects of IPT are retained, including mobilizing social supports, choosing an interpersonal focus, and the general structure of sessions and treatment. The chapter further provides an elaboration of attachment theory to explain why IPT might benefit patients with PTSD.
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Adaptation and aftereffects"
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Hirsch, Joyce. Variations in a color-line aftereffect due to color adaptation during inspection of the inducing stimuli. Portland State University Library, Januar 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.10.
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