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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "617.172 052"
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Isaev, S., T. Rajabov, G. Goziev und A. Khojasov. „Effect of fertilizer application on the ‘Bukhara-102’ variety of cotton yield in salt-affected cotton fields of Uzbekistan“. E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125803015.
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In this article, stratified feeding of Bukhara-102 variety of medium-fiber cotton with mineral fertilizers were carried out in the conditions of irrigated and fertile soils of Kashkadarya province. Simultaneously, compared to the studied fertilizer application options, there was a decrease in soil volume by 0.01–0.02 g/cm3, an increase in soil porosity by 0.4–1.2%, and an increase in soil water permeability to 5.8–24.6 m3/ha. Moreover, an additional yield of 1.3–2.6 quintals of cotton, the quality indicators of fiber length that increased by 0.1–0.2%, fiber yield to 0.2–0.5%, the weight of 1, 000 seeds to 1–2 grams , the incidence of Wilt's disease was found to become as low as 6.1–10 %. At the same time, with increasing salinity in the care of saline soils at different levels, the net profit was around 40, 617 - 1, 127, 853 UZS and the profitability rate was 0.8-20.1% lower than expected.
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Ruder, Samuel Francis, Michael Philip Sun, Charlene Thomas, Ana M. Molina, Jones T. Nauseef, Joseph Osborne, Cora N. Sternberg, David M. Nanus, Neil Harrison Bander und Scott T. Tagawa. „Comparison of adverse event rate of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) with antibody or small molecule ligand targeting vector.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, Nr. 4_suppl (01.02.2024): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.4_suppl.161.
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161 Background: PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy (PSMA-TRT) has been established with use of either monoclonal antibodies (mAb) or small molecule ligands (SML) as the targeting vectors for delivery of 177Lu to PSMA-expressing prostate cancer. mAb and SML differ in their molecular weight, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution which is predicted to result in different adverse effect profiles. Methods: In this study with written informed consent, we compare the adverse effects from individual patients receiving PSMA-TRT for mCRPC using mAb (J591) vs SML (PSMA-617 or PSMA I&T) for delivering 177Lu in prospective clinical trials or registry. All-grade treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were extracted from trial databases. Adverse effects were graded 0-5. Pearson’s Chi-squared test was used to assess TEAEs and association with treatment type. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare TEAEs after adjusting for administered radioactivity dose and CALGB (Halabi) prognostic score. Results: 248 patients with mCRPC were treated from March 2001 to February 2023. 166 (67.7%) received mAb (177Lu-J591), 81 received SML [76 (30.6%) 177Lu-PSMA-617, 5 (2%) 177Lu-PSMA-I&T)]. The median age was 70.9 years (44.5 yrs to 93.8 yrs). At the time of trial enrollment, 137 (55.2% [68% SML and 49% mAb]) patients had exposure to chemotherapy, 112 (45.1%) had exposure to androgen-receptor pathway therapy, 193 (77.8%) had bone metastases, 120 (48.3%) LN mets, 42 (16.9%) lung mets, and 20 (8.0%) liver mets. 142 (57.2%) had Halabi score high disease. All-grade hematologic TEAEs were more common with mAb: neutropenia in 122 (74%) patients vs 16 (20%) (p<0.001), anemia in 122 (73%) vs 26 (33%) (P<0.001), and thrombocytopenia in 145 (87%) vs 25 (32%) (p<0.001). Gr >3 neutropenia occurred in 79 (47%) and Gr >3 thrombocytopenia in 98 (59%) receiving mAb. All-grade non-hematologic TEAEs were generally more common with SML: fatigue in 31 (53%) vs 79 (48%) (p=0.5), pain in 32 (54%) vs 73 (44%) (p=0.2), nausea in 21 (36%) vs 34 (20%) (p=0.02) and xerostomia in 36 (61%) vs 1 (0.6%) (p<0.001). After adjusting for administered dose and Halabi score, treatment with 177Lu via SML vector was associated with less neutropenia (OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.02-0.09, p<0.001), anemia (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.06-0.22, p<0.001), and thrombocytopenia (OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.02-0.09, p<0.001) but more nausea (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.54-6.72, p=0.002) and xerostomia (NA due to low event rate in mAb). Conclusions: As predicted, PSMA-TRT with mAb vs SML is associated with different toxicity profiles. PSMA-TRT with the mAb 177Lu-J591 is more commonly associated with hematologic toxicities compared to the SML 177Lu-PSMA-617 and 177Lu-PSMA-I&T, which are more commonly associated with non-hematologic toxicities.
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V.M, Vishwanath, und Ravishankar R.B. „A Clinical Comparative Study between Epidurally Administered Ropivacaine 0.2 % and Ropivacaine 0.2 % with Clonidine for Post-Operative Analgesia in Lower Limb and Abdominal Surgeries“. Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 7, Nr. 50 (14.12.2020): 3010–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2020/615.
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BACKGROUND There are many modalities to give postoperative analgesia. Out of them epidural analgesia offers good reliable pain relief. Addition of alpha agonist enhances the onset of analgesia and duration of analgesia is prolonged. This study was done to compare the analgesic efficacy, and the hemodynamic parameters of ropivacaine compared with ropivacaine in combination with clonidine for post-operative epidural analgesia. METHODS 30 patients of age 18 - 70 years with ASA grade of I & II, undergoing elective lower limb and abdominal surgeries were randomly taken into each of the 2 groups. Group R received 0.2 % ropivacaine and group RC received 0.2 % ropivacaine + clonidine (1 mcg / Kg) epidurally.1,2 Patients were monitored for onset, duration, quality of analgesia, cardiorespiratory stability and side effects. RESULTS The onset of analgesia and quality of analgesia were better in the RC group compared to the R group. The duration of analgesia in group RC (9.43 + - 1.17 hours) was found to be significantly prolonged than group R (4.90 + - 1.03 hours) with p < 0.001. Blood pressure was more stable in group RC compared to group R. CONCLUSIONS In this study we found that ropivacaine with clonidine as epidural postoperative analgesia provided superior and more effective analgesia when compared to ropivacaine. The duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group ropivacaine with clonidine. KEYWORDS Ropivacaine, Clonidine, Post-operative Analgesia, Epidural
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Syraeva, G. I., A. S. Kolbin, S. A. Mishinova und A. A. Kalyapin. „Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the Russian Federation over 10 years“. Kachestvennaya Klinicheskaya Praktika = Good Clinical Practice, Nr. 3 (14.11.2022): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37489/2588-0519-2022-3-19-30.
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Relevance. Studies devoted to the assessment of consumption, as well as to the issues of pharmacosafety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are limited at the national level in the Russian Federation. The study of these issues will determine the general trends of consumption and prescription of this group of drugs.Aim. To assess the consumption pattern of NSAIDs in the Russian Federation in the period from 2010 to 2020.Methods. Information was searched using data from the state register of drugs (GRLS) as well as national database downloads (automated information system of Roszdravnadzor; AIS RZN). To estimate the consumption of the main INN from the group of NSAIDs for the period 2010–2020 the information on the sales volume of all trade names, sold for sale in the Russian Federation was unloaded from the database of IQVIA Solutions Ltd. and analyzed.Results. The analysis showed that the first place by total amount of consumption was occupied by acetylsalicylic acid (5 953 058 854); second place — paracetamol (4 635 122 085); third place — ibuprofen (3 230 415 088); fourth place — metamizole (4 172 344 008); fifth place — ketorolac (91 617 809,04); sixth — nimesulide (69 761 7481,8). The claimed INNs showed a slightly different distribution when calculating the DDDs/P (patient-year) totals, namely, in descending order, nimesulide, ketorolac, ibuprofen, acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, and methamisole.Conclusion. The indicated levels of consumption do not correlate with the data of the national database “Pharmacovigilance”, which indicates insufficient post-marketing monitoring of the safety profiles of the indicated medicines.
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Sonbol, Mohamad Bassam, Raed Benkhadra, Zhen Wang, Belal Firwana, Kabir Mody, Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi, Joleen Marie Hubbard, M. Hassan Murad, Daniel H. Ahn und Tanios S. Bekaii-Saab. „A systematic review and network meta-analysis of regorafenib and TAS-102 in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, Nr. 4_suppl (01.02.2019): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.4_suppl.619.
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619 Background: Regorafenib (at a starting dose of 160 mg/day, rego 160), regorafenib (with a weekly dose escalation, rego 80+) and TAS-102, are suggested treatment options for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness evidence supporting these 3 strategies. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL, for randomized controlled trials evaluating TAS 102 or regorafenib in refractory mCRC patients who progressed on/intolerant of previous oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and fluoropyrimidine. Outcomes of interest included OS and PFS. The overall effect was pooled using the DerSimonian random effects model. We conducted network meta-analysis based on White’s multivariate meta-regression to pool evidence from direct and indirect comparisons. Results: Six trials (3 of regorafenib and 3 of TAS-102) at low risk of bias (2,445 patients) were included. Direct comparisons showed that Rego 160 and TAS-102 as monotherapy were superior to BSC in terms of PFS (Rego 160: HR = 0.4, CI 0.26 to 0.63; TAS-102: HR = 0.46, CI 0.40 to 0.52) and OS (Rego 160: HR = 0.67, CI 0.48 to 0.93; TAS-102: HR = 0.67, CI 0.57 to 0.80). Network analysis showed that there was no difference in PFS or OS between Rego 160 and TAS-102. Rego 80+ was superior to BSC in terms of OS (HR = 0.44, CI 0.23 to 0.84) and PFS (HR = 0.37, CI 0.21 to 0.66). There was a numerical advantage for Rego 80+ compared to TAS-102 and Rego 160 (see table). Conclusions: Regorafenib 160 and TAS-102 appear to have similar efficacy. Rego 80+ is shown to be superior to BSC. A trend for improved OS was observed with Rego 80+ versus Rego 160 or TAS 102. [Table: see text]
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Enginoev, Soslan T., Dmitriy A. Kondratiev, Gasan M. Magomedov, Tamara K. Rashidova, Bakytbek K. Kadyraliev, Igor I. Chernov und Dmitriy G. Tarasov. „Effect of preoperative atrial fibrillation on long-term results after Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass“. Perm Medical Journal 38, Nr. 6 (15.11.2021): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj3865-15.
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Objective. To study the effect of preoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) on the risk of stroke and long-term mortality after Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass (OPCAB).
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of OPCAB in 212 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), who were operated on from May 2009 to November 2013, was carried out. After propensity score matching, patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I 82 patients with sinus rhythm (SR) before surgery, Group II (control) 102 patients with AF before surgery. The average age of the included patients was 61 6.7 years, with 95 % CI: 6062. Fifty-four (29.3 %) patients were over 65 years of age. There were 162 men (88 %) and 22 women (12 %). The median follow-up was 93.5 (66.7102.0) months.
Results. The time spent in the clinic was statistically significantly shorter in the SR group than in the AF group (10 (911) and 14 (1116) hours, respectively, p 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of perioperative myocardial infarctions (in the group with SR it occurred in 1 (1.2 %) patient, in the group with AF 2 (2 %), p = 0.7), strokes (in the group with SR 1 (1.2 %), in the group with AF 3 (2.9 %), p = 0.6), as well as a 30-day mortality (in the group with SR it was 0 %, in the group with AF 3 (2.9 %), p = 0.2). In the long-term postoperative period, there were statistically significantly fewer strokes in the group with SR than in the group with AF (in the group with SR, the 10-year stroke freedom was 88.8 %, and in the group with AF 71.8 %, p = 0.018), and also better long-term survival in the group with sinus rhythm (in the group with SR, the 10-year survival rate was 79 %, in the group with AF 63.9 %, p = 0.016).
Conclusions. In the group with preoperative AF, the frequency of distant strokes and deaths is higher than in patients with sinus rhythm.
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Leznoff, Clifford C., Dmitri S. Terekhov, Colin R. McArthur, Steven Vigh und Jing Li. „Multisubstituted phthalonitriles, naphthalenedicarbonitriles, and phenanthrenetetracarbonitriles as precursors for phthalocyanine syntheses“. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73, Nr. 3 (01.03.1995): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v95-057.
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Electrophilic aromatic nitration under mild conditions of 4-hydroxyphthalonitrile gave 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophthalonitrile and 4-hydroxy-5-nitrophthalonitrile, while bromination yielded 3-bromo-4-hydroxyphthalonitrile, 4-bromo-5-hydroxyphthalonitrile, and 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphthalonitrile. Iodination gave 4-hydroxy-5-iodophthalonitrile and 4-hydroxy-3,5-diidophthalonitrile. Coupling of 4-iodophthalonitrile, 3-iodophthalonitrile, and 5-iodo-2,3-dicyanonaphthalene with trans-1,2-bis(tri-n-butylstannyl)ethene gave trans-1,2-bis(3,4-dicyanophenyl)ethene, trans-1,2-bis(2,3-dicyanophenyl)ethene, and trans-1,2-bis(6,7-dicyanonaphthyl)ethene. Photocyclization of a dilute solution of cis- or trans-1,2-bis(3,4-dicyanophenyl)ethene in dioxane gave a 1:1 mixture of 2,3,6,7- and 2,3,5,6-tetracyanophenanthrenes separable by chromatography. Keywords: phthalonitriles, naphthalenedicarbonitriles, phenanthrenetetracarbonitriles, electrophilic substitution.
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Pauleit, D., H. Palmedo, H. Bender, J. Bucerius, S. Ezziddin, V. Klein, F. Grünwald, H. J. Biersack, K. Reichmann und J. H. Risse. „Therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma with 131I-lipiodol: patient dosimetry“. Nuklearmedizin 46, Nr. 05 (2007): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/nukmed-0086.
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SummaryAim: Dosimetry in 131I-lipiodol therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the hitherto largest existing patient cohort. Patients, methods: 38 courses of intra-arterial 131I-lipiodol therapy with a total activity up to 6.7 GBq were performed in 18 patients with HCC. Liver and tumour volume were measured by computed tomography (CT) and 131I activity by scintigraphy on day 3, 6, 14, 28 and 42 after injection. Lipiodol deposition in tumour nodules as shown by CT rendered definite attachment to scintigraphic data possible. The radiation dose in tumour nodules, liver and lungs was calculated according to the MIRD concept and the tumour dose related to pre-therapeutic tumour volume, response and survival. Results: Mean tumour dose was 23.6 ± 3.6 Gy (14.2 ± 2.1 mGy/MBq) with maximal 162 Gy (90.1 mGy/MBq) after one and 274 Gy after three courses. The dose to nontumourous liver was 1.9 ± 0.2 Gy (1.2 ± 0.1 mGy/MBq) and the mean dose ratio of tumour / nontumourous liver 11.1 ± 1.7 (max. 82). The pulmonary dose was 25.9 ± 1.8 mGy (16.3 ± 1.2 μGy/MBq) and therefore much lower. There was a reciprocal relation between tumour dose and pretherapeutic tumour volume. Tumour dose had no effect on response or survival. Conclusion: High radiation doses are particularly in small tumour nodes achievable but not necessarily related to tumour response. The dose of non-tumourous liver and lungs is much lower.
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Torres Valdiviezo, Lucero Itzel, Karla Lucero Rodríguez Flores, Vanessa Rosas Rosas Camargo, Alejandro Noguez-Ramos, Mónica Isabel Meneses Medina, Ximena Rosas Flota, Armando Gamboa Dominguez und Fidel David Huitzil Melendez. „Clinical characteristics, treatment, and oncological outcomes in patients with ampullary cancer at a reference center in Mexico.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, Nr. 4_suppl (01.02.2022): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.617.
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617 Background: Ampullary cancer (AC) represents 0.2% of gastrointestinal cancers. Given the rarity of the disease, information regarding treatment strategies and outcomes derives from studies that include the different types of periampullary cancers, which constitute a heterogeneous group. Our aim was to describe the clinical characteristics, treatment modalities and outcomes in patients (pts) with true AC treated at our institution. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of all consecutive pts with histological diagnosis of AC evaluated at our institution from Jan 2009-Dec 2019. Clinical, pathological and laboratory variables at diagnosis were recorded. Overall survival (OS) was estimated by Kaplan-Meier and compared with the Log-rank test. Statistical significance was determined at P<0.05. Results: 133 pts with AC were included. Median age was 62 yo (IQR 53-70), 51.9% were women. 25% had ampullary adenoma history. Symptoms at diagnosis: 89% jaundice, 63% weight loss and 56% abdominal pain. Median laboratory values were total bilirubin 1.7 mg/dL (0.7-5.1), albumin 3.7 g/dL (3.1-4.2), hemoglobin 12.6 g/dL (10.9-14.2), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 34.7 U/mL (6.4-113.9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 2.6 ng/mL (1.2-4.2). Most tumors were moderately differentiated (59%). Histologic subtypes of adenocarcinoma were available in 84 pts: intestinal 46.4%, pancreaticobiliary 39.3% and mixed 14.3%. Stage at diagnosis was localized (46%), locally advanced N+ (29%) and advanced (25%). For those with localized/locally advanced disease, 91% (91/100) underwent surgical resection, 25.3% (23/91) received adjuvant chemotherapy (ChT), 69.6% (16/23) received single agent and 30.4% (7/23) duplet. Pts who received adjuvant Cht presented N+ in 69.6%, moderate differentiation in 73.9%, intestinal 47.8% and pancreaticobiliary subtype 43.5%. In advanced setting, 63.6% (21/33) received palliative Cht, 66.7% received a duplet regimen. Median OS was 32.8 (22.9-42.8) months (mos). Median OS according to stage was 152.1, 28.1 and 10.2 mos for localized, locally advanced, and advanced, respectively (P<0.001). OS univariate analysis is shown in table. Conclusions: Most of pts presented with localized/locally advanced disease, were eligible to surgical resection and had a better survival. For those with N+ disease it is required to evaluate the role of adjuvant Cht. In the advanced setting, Cht improves prognosis.[Table: see text]
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Vakulchyk, V. G., und A. V. Khudovtsova. „CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF POLYMORPHONUCLEAR NEUTROPHILS IN THE STRATIFICATION OF CHILDREN WITH ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN“. Journal of the Grodno State Medical University 20, Nr. 6 (30.12.2022): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2022-20-6-607-612.
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Background. Acute abdominal pain in children is defined as acute pain of non-traumatic genesis lasting up to 5-7 days, and presents a serious diagnostic and tactical problem. Many aspects of diagnosis and treatment remain controversial. Aim. To determine the clinical significance of polymorphonuclear neutrophil count in the stratification of children with acute abdominal pain. Material and Methods. A prospective randomized blind clinical trial was performed. The results of examination and treatment of 633 children admitted to Grodno Regional Children's Clinical Hospital with acute abdominal pain were analyzed. The number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils was analyzed in relative (PNRV) and absolute (PNAV) values. Statistics included evidence-based criteria, ROC and precision-recall curve analysis, Kullback's measure of informativeness (Jxi), Bayes' theorem. Results. Separation points were determined for the PNRV and PNAV tests. It was 65% for the PNRV test and 8.952×109/L for the PNAV test. For PNRV values less than 65%, the probability of acute appendicitis (AA) as a cause of acute abdominal pain was 1.8% (CI 0.2 to 3.4); the overall informative value was 2.94. With PNAV test values less than 6.5×109/L, the probability of AA was 1.2% (CI 0.03 to 2.4%); the overall informative value was 5.24. It was demonstrated that an increase in test values above the indicated values did not significantly increase the probability of AA as a cause of acute abdominal pain in children. Conclusion. The tests studied are highly informative and can be used to stratify patients with acute abdominal pain. It is necessary to validate the results obtained taking into account the specific capabilities of a given medical institution and the type of equipment used.
Bücher zum Thema "617.172 052"
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Human Genome Epidemiology: A Scientific Foundation for Using Genetic Information to Improve Health and Prevent Disease (Monographs in Epidemiology and Biostatistics). Oxford University Press, USA, 2003.
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Teplin, Linda A., Jessica A. Jakubowski, Karen M. Abram, Nichole D. Olson, Marquita L. Stokes und Leah J. Welty. „Firearm Homicide and Other Causes of Death in Delinquents: A 16-Year Prospective Study“. In Firearm-Related Injuries and Preventions, 99–117. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781610022750-firearm_homicide.
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BACKGROUND Delinquent youth are at risk for early violent death after release from detention. However, few studies have examined risk factors for mortality. Previous investigations studied only serious offenders (a fraction of the juvenile justice population) and provided little data on females. METHODS The Northwestern Juvenile Project is a prospective longitudinal study of health needs and outcomes of a stratified random sample of 1829 youth (657 females, 1172 males; 524 Hispanic, 1005 African Amer-ican, 296 non-Hispanic white, 4 other race/ethnicity) detained between 1995 and 1998. Data on risk factors were drawn from interviews; death records were obtained up to 16 years after detention. We compared all-cause mortality rates and causes of death with those of the general population. Survival analyses were used to examine risk factors for mortality after youth leave detention. RESULTS Delinquent youth have higher mortality rates than the general population to age 29 years (P < .05), irrespective of gender or race/ ethnicity. Females died at nearly 5 times the general population rate (P < .05); Hispanic males and females died at 5 and 9 times the general population rates, respectively (P < .05). Compared with the general population, significantly more delinquent youth died of homicide and its subcategory, homicide by firearm (P < .05). Among delinquent youth, racial/ethnic minorities were at increased risk of homicide compared with non-Hispanic whites (P < .05). Significant risk factors for external-cause mortality and homicide included drug dealing (up to 9 years later), alcohol use disorder, and gang membership (up to a decade later). CONCLUSIONS Delinquent youth are an identifiable target population to reduce disparities in early violent death.
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Morais, Breno Alves de, Daniella Regina Arantes Martins Salha und Carlos Alfredo Galindo Blaha. „The importance of monitoring in remote teaching: Experiences of a nursing student in the collaborative teaching-learning process in academic training“. In INNOVATION IN HEALTH RESEARCH ADVANCING THE BOUNDARIES OF KNOWLEDGE. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/innovhealthknow-050.
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This is an experience report of a quantitative descriptive approach about the performance of the Monitor's Integrated Monitoring project of the Department of Cell Biology and Genetics (MIC-DBG) of UFRN during Emergency Remote Teaching in the pandemic caused by SARS CoV-2. The Monitoring actions were developed with Ecology, Nursing, Dentistry and Pharmacy students, assisting the teachers of 03 classes of Cellular and Molecular Biology and 01 class of Genetics, making a population of 102 students. The use of TDICs in synchronous and asynchronous actions was of relevant importance for both students and professors, and none of them had sufficient skills and competencies to face higher education in the ERE condition as a strategy for continuing the general activities of the global population. The limitations and restrictions were not the same for the actors of the teacher-student teaching process and, consequently, for the Monitor. The results of the Monitor's actions were successful both with Cellular and Molecular Biology classes and with the Genetics class, where the use of Instagram and Whatsapp was the main communication link. The actions included group discussions, holding scavenger hunts through Instagram, providing didactic material, solving exercises discussed remotely, and also using virtual laboratories, online simulators, animations and games of biocellular processes, culminating with the unique opportunity that Monitoring provides, that of teaching a theoretical class supervised by the teacher. There was good adherence of the students with participation in the discussions and search for monitoring to remove doubts individually with preferential use of messaging applications (insert the numbers %). Reports from the students in the groups (67%) point to TDICs as great strategies for a greater assimilation of the content, as well as an improvement in the performance of the evaluations due to the contribution of the monitor. In this report of the experiences of a Bachelor's Degree in Nursing student as an Integrated Monitor, it is noted that, although the challenges experienced during the pandemic have affected the population in several instances, and in education it was no different, the possibilities with new technologies in line with synchronous and asynchronous remote teaching, it was possible to reap good results during the Emergency Remote Teaching (ERE), which contributed so much to the maturation and strengthening of the student triad - Integrated Monitor – Teacher.
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Prado, Iara Ronana Sousa, Carolina Aparecida de Almeida Vicentini, Pedro Andriolo Cardoso, Mayara Vidal Carneiro, Amanda de Moraes Mamede Chiarotti, Vinicius Bonafé de Souza, Daniela Ponce und Welder Zamoner. „Evaluation of the prescription, administration and monitoring of vancomycin in adult patients admitted to a tertiary hospital“. In Eyes on Health Sciences V.02. Seven Editora, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.001-051.
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Introduction: Vancomycin is a strategic antibiotic in the treatment of infections caused by gram-positive bacteria. Controversies regarding its dosage and monitoring are important due to the risk of nephrotoxicity and the insurgency of resistant strains. Objectives: To describe vancomycin prescription patterns for adult patients, to observe vancomycin administration, vancocinemia collection and the timing of subsequent vancomycin dose adjustment, and to evaluate the conformity between prescription, administration and monitoring of vancomycin in a University Hospital (HU). Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and prospective study that included adult patients admitted to four clinical and surgical wards and two wards of the intensive care unit (SETI) using vancomycin. Six visits were made to the Internal Medicine, Neurology and Orthopedics wards and five visits to the Vascular Surgery and SETI wards, in which 67 patients and 989 prescriptions were evaluated, data from medical records were collected and nursing and medical routines regarding vancomycin administration, vancocinemia collection and antibiotic adjustment were observed. Results: There was no difference between the units in terms of gender, baseline creatinine levels, length of hospital stay, days of vancomycin use, and weight, with a predominance of younger patients in Neurology and a higher mean age in Vascular Surgery. The loading dose was prescribed in 83.8% of the patients, while dilution and infusion time were prescribed, respectively, in 768 (77.6%) and 212 (21.4%) of the prescriptions. The SETIs had rates of adequacy of the loading dose and frequency of dilution prescription and infusion time statistically higher than those of the wards (p 0.02, p 0.04 and p <0.001, respectively). Of the total dilutions prescribed, 56.4% were adequate. Internal medicine led in the proportion of correctly prescribed dilutions (82.8%, p<0.05), as opposed to the Intensive Care Unit – Ward 1 (SETI 1) and Neurology, which had the lowest adequacy rates, of 36.4% and 36.1%, respectively. The infusion time was correctly prescribed in 169 (79.7%) records. In Neurology, the infusion time was not prescribed at any time, and in Orthopedics, it was not adequate at any time. In the other sectors, the infusion time was mostly adequate, with a discrepant trend observed between SETI Wards 1 and 2 (p 0.058). In the analysis of SETIs versus wards, there were higher rates of adequacy of the prescribed infusion time in SETIs (p 0.003). There were nine cases of cutaneous reaction to vancomycin (13.4%). An inverse relationship was observed between the appropriate prescription for infusion time and the frequency of adverse skin reaction. A total of 56 administrations were observed, with 32 (57.1%) not being in accordance with the prescribed. Of the 59 patients using the first vancomycin regimen during hospitalization for two or more days, 52 (88.1%) had at least one vancokineemia collected, with the 1st vankokineemia collected predominantly on the 2nd day of antibiotic therapy in all sectors. It was not possible to establish comparisons between the sectors regarding dose collections and adjustments due to the reduced number of vancocinemia collections observed. Among the 265 levels of vanchokineemia recorded, 132 (49.8%) were classified as adequate. Acute kidney injury (AKI) developed in 13 (31.7%) of the total of 41 patients evaluated for this outcome and was more frequent in SETIs compared to wards (p<0.001). Comparing the day of antibiotic therapy with vancomycin that each patient was on at the time of the last creatinine measurement and the values of the 1st vanchokineemia, a median number of days and higher vanchokineemia levels were found among the patients who developed AKI (p 0.06 and p 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: There are failures in the prescription, administration and monitoring of vancomycin in all sectors of this UH. The Intensive Care Service – Ward 2 (SETI 2) and the Internal Medicine were the sectors that best met the criteria for adequate prescription. There is a need to implement measures to qualify and train professionals, as well as inspection actions regarding the rigor of prescription and administration. The data from medical records were not completely reliable to what was done in practice, however, the study was not able to reduce the importance of medical records as a data collection tool.
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Krishna Pasupuleti, Murali. „Resilient Innovations: Leading the Way in Disaster Management and Recovery“. In Innovations in Disaster Management and Recovery, 1–25. National Education Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62311/nesx/77639.
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Abstract This chapter explores the transformative impact of innovative practices and technologies in disaster management and recovery, emphasizing the critical role of resilience in building sustainable and disaster-resistant societies. It begins by discussing new approaches to post-disaster recovery that prioritize sustainability, including the concept of "Building Back Better" and the integration of eco-friendly materials and designs. The chapter then highlights the increasing importance of psychological support and mental health services in holistic recovery processes. It also examines innovative funding mechanisms, such as parametric insurance and catastrophe bonds, which facilitate rapid recovery efforts. The role of resilient infrastructure and smart city technologies is explored as key elements in minimizing future disaster impacts. The chapter concludes by addressing the challenges and barriers to implementing these innovative solutions and offers policy recommendations for enhancing disaster resilience on a global scale. A call to action is made for policymakers, practitioners, and communities to embrace and invest in resilient innovations, ensuring a more secure and sustainable future. Keywords: Disaster Management,Resilience,Sustainable Recovery,Building Back Better,Psychological Support,Mental Health Services,Innovative Funding,Parametric Insurance,Catastrophe Bonds,Resilient Infrastructure,Smart Cities,Community Engagement,Policy and Governance,Disaster Risk Reduction,Climate Change Adaptation,Public-Private Partnerships,Green Technologies and Urban Resilience. References: Barangay Climate Disaster Resilient Index Resilient Mapping. (2014). Community, Environment and Disaster Risk Management, 253–286. https://doi.org/10.1108/s2040-726220140000016002 Harris, M., & Charnley, G. (2022). Disaster Risk Management: A Resilient Health System. Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience, 147–176. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72196-1_7 Iqbal, M., Wang, X., & Zhang, H. (n.d.). Load-Balanced Multiple Gateway Enabled Wireless Mesh Network for Applications in Emergency and Disaster Recovery. Innovations and Approaches for Resilient and Adaptive Systems, 277–295. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2056-8.ch016 Izadkhah, Y. O., & Hosseini, M. (2013). Fostering disaster-resilient communities through educating children and women for disaster preparedness, response and recovery in developing countries. Disaster Management: Medical Preparedness, Response and Homeland Security, 613–631. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845939298.0613 Monllor, J., Pavez, I., & Pareti, S. (2020). Understanding informal volunteer behavior for fast and resilient disaster recovery: an application of entrepreneurial effectuation theory. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 29(4), 575–589. https://doi.org/10.1108/dpm-05-2019-0151 Tatsuno, S. (2023). Virtual Reality for Disaster Management and Recovery. World Scientific Series in R&D Management, 349–356. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789811257186_0016 Wegener, C. (2024). Creating Disaster Resilient Museums. International Perspectives on Museum Management, 220–230. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003000082-24
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„Régions Francophones réels Francophones occasionnels Population Nombre % Nombre % AFRIQUE 30 001 000 4,7 40 617 000 6,3 645 000 000 Afrique du Nord-Est 219 000 0,31 700 000 2 83 400 000 Maghreb 14 455 000 24,7 17 030 000 29 58 400 000 Afrique subsaharienne 13 477 000 3,3 19 745 000 4,8 489 140 000 OCÉAN INDIEN 1 850 000 13,2 2 142 000 15,2 14 060 000 AMÉRIQUE 8 682 000 1,23 565 000 0,5 714 000 000 Amérique du Nord 7 286 000 2,93 2000 000 1,3 247 806 000 Amérique centrale, Caraïbes 1 216 000 0,7 365 000 0,2 176 794 000 Amérique du Sud 180 000 0,06 289 4000 000 ASIE 1 627 000 0,05 810 000 0,03 3 060 000 000 Proche et Moyen-Orient 1 491 000 0,8 800 000 0,4 186 000 000 Extrême-Orient 136 000 0,005 10 000 0,0004 2 874 000 000 EUROPE 63 952 000 8,19 200 000 0,1 789 000 000 Europe de l’Ouest 62 872 000 17,5 5 200 000 1,4 360 000 000 Europe de l’Est et URSS 1 080 000 0,34 000 000 0,9 429 000 000 OCÉANIE 350 000 1,3 33 000 0,1 26 000 000 MONDE 104 612 2 54 225 000 1 5 234 000 000“. In Francotheque: A resource for French studies, 219. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/978020378416-36.
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1
Umbrasas, A., J. C. Diels, J. Jacob und A. Piskarskas. „Broadly tunable parametric generation of ultrashort pulses“. In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1994.cme4.
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Negative feedback-controlled, mode-locked Nd:YAG or Nd:YLF lasers are attractive pump sources for parametric oscillators (OPO)1,2 because of their exceptional stability, and extended pulse train and the short duration of the pulses. In this work we demonstrate effective parametric compression down to 600 fs in a simple synchronously pumped linear cavity OPO using a KTP crystal. As pump source, the active-passive, mode-locked Nd:YAG laser with passive-negative feedback was used (Continuum model PY-61C-10). This laser generated stable (less than ± 0.2% pulse to pulse fluctuation) picosecond pulse trains of 600 ns (85 pulses) with energy of 4.7 mJ at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. A minimum pulse duration of 9.5–10 ps is achieved after an initial transient of 7–10 roundtrips in the laser cavity. The pulse duration increases after the first 200 ns to reach a maximum of 13–15 ps towards the end of the train. The OPO crystal is pumped through a 1-m focal distance lens by the second harmonic of this source, generated in a 6-mm-long KTP crystal. The OPO cavity, resonant for the idler only, was formed by two flat mirrors: Al-coated and dielectric output mirror (R ≈ 50% between 1.2 and 3 μm). We used a noncollinear scheme for parametric interaction, with an angle between pump beam and optical cavity axis of ≈ 3°). As nonlinear OPO element 14-mm and 6-mm-length KTP crystals cut at θ = 54° and ϕ = 0°, and θ = 90° and ϕ = 23.5°, respectively, were used.
2
Lottenberg, R., und J. A. Hall. „EVALUATION OF PLASMINOGEN IN HYPERCOAGULABLE PATIENTS“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644837.
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Sixty seven patients with spontaneous or recurrent thrombosis without obvious underlying disorders were evaluated for plasminogen abnormalities. The mean age was 33.5 years. Fifty seven had venous thrombosis, five had arterial thrombosis and five had both venous and arterial events. Seventeen patients had family members with a history of similar thrombotic events. The plasminogen antigen concentration, by Laurell immunoelectrophoresis, for the patient group was 104± 19% (62-156) compared to 102±11% (83-122) for normal controls (n=24). By amidolytic assay of plasminogen-streptokinase complexes, the activity was proportionate to the antigenic concentration for each individual. Two patients had plasminogen levels (62%, 67%) lower than 2 standard deviations of the mean. Functional alpha2-antiplasmin levels were the same for the patients (102±11%) and the controls (101±16%). Plasminogen activation in undiluted plasma was assessed by a coupled amidolytic assay using urokinase (60 IU/ml) and H-D-val-leu-lys-pNA. The mean substrate hydrolysis rate for the patient group was 1.35±0.52 10−3 absorbance units/min/min (0.56−2.75) compared to 1.32±0.27 10−3 absorbance units/min/min (0.84-−1.99) for the controls (n=34). Three patients with normal plasminogen levels had consistently low activation rates (0.56, 0.57, 0.65). Inhibition of urokinase and plasmin activity was not increased. Histidine-rich glycoprotein levels were not elevated. Electrophoretic, chromatographic and kinetic analysis of the isolated plasminogens revealed no abnormalities. To assess the high affinity lysine binding site, 40 uM epsilon aminocaproic acid was added to plasma while the change in the plasminogen activation rate relative to baseline was observed; no abnormalities were disclosed in either the patient or control populations.In summary, two patients had significantly reduced levels of normally functioning plasminogen. Dysfunctional plasminogen was not identified in this population. We conclude that plasminogen abnormalities infrequently explain hypercoagulability. These studies also suggest that plasminogen status can be adequately evaluated by determining the antigenic concentration and functional activity of plasminogen-streptokinase complexes.
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Пронин, Е. В., М. Б. Анциферов, Т. М. Алексеева, А. М. Лапшина und В. С. Пронин. „ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ФАРМАКОТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКОГО ТЕСТИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ПРОГНОЗА ДОЛГОСРОЧНОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ АНАЛОГОВ СОМАТОСТАТИНА 1-Й ГЕНЕРАЦИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С СИНДРОМОМ АКРОМЕГАЛИИ“. In X (XXIX) НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГОВ с международным участием «Персонализированная медицина и практическое здравоохранение». ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии» Минздрава России, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/cong23-26.05.23-178.
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Биохимический и опухолевый ответ на лечение аналогами соматостатина 1-й генерации (АС1) зависит
от мембранной плотности 2-го подтипа (п/т) соматостатиновых рецепторов (СР) и интактности пострецепторных механизмов в опухолевых клетках. В отличие от плотногранулированных соматотрофных опухолей
(ПСО), редкогранулированные соматотрофные опухоли (РСО) отличаются низкой плотностью 2-го п/т СР,
агрессивным течением и резистентностью к АС1. Поскольку АС1 являются препаратами 1-й линии, то с учетом морфофункциональной гетерогенности соматотрофных опухолей актуальным является определение
клинических и иммунофенотипических предикторов, позволяющих на ранних этапах прогнозировать
эффективность медикаментозной терапии (МТ) АС1.
ЦЕЛЬ: оценка информативности фармакотерапевтического тестирования (% снижения уровня ИРФ-1
через 3 и 6 месяцев от начала лечения) для прогноза рецепторного фенотипа соматотрофной опухоли
и эффективности МТ АС1.
МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: в сравнительное исследование были включены 33 и 47 больных с ПСО и РСО,
получающих вторичную МТ вследствие нерадикальности проведенной аденомэктомии. Возраст диагноза
составил 48,4±11,4 и 39,4±12,7 лет (р=0,0027), объем резидуальной опухоли – 1,6±3,5 и 2,7±4,8 см3 (р=0,2),
исходная величина ИРФ-1 индекса [ИРФ-1/верхняя возрастная норма (ИИ)] до МТ – 2,8±0,8 и 2,7±0,9 (р=0,6),
соответственно. В лечении использовались продленные формы ланреотида и октреотида. Длительность
МТ составила 21,5±21,8 месяцев. Биохимическая ремиссия констатировалась при значении ИИ ≤1.
Контрольными точками являлись показатели ИРФ-1 до МТ, через 3, 6, 12 месяцев лечения и при последнем визите.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: итоговая величина ИИ у больных с ПСО составила 0,95±0,27 и 1,4±0,64 у пациентов с РСО,
(р=0,0002). ПСО отличались от РСО большим числом баллов 2-го п/т по IRS (10,4±2,7 против 6,7±3,5), разницей (6,1±2,7 против 0,6±4,5) и соотношением между 2-м и 5-м п/т СР (3,5±2,6 против 1,5±1,7), а также
меньшим значением Ki-67 [4,4±3,0 против 8,6±8,8%, (p<0,001)]. Процент снижения уровня ИРФ-1 через
3 и 6 месяцев лечения АС1 прямо коррелировал с экспрессией 2-го п/т по IRS (r=0,44; r=0,36), а также разницей и соотношением между 2-м и 5-м п/т СР [r=0,46; r=0,46 и r=0,41; r=0,43; (p<0,05)].
Величина снижения уровня ИРФ-1 в группах больных с ПСО и РСО составила через 3 месяца 54,8±19,6
против 28,4±23,7%, через 6 месяцев – 58,4±18,0 против 31,6±24,5%, соответственно (р=0,0002). Выявлено
наличие обратной корреляции между процентом снижения уровня ИРФ-1 через 3 и 6 месяцев лечения АС1
и итоговой величиной ИИ [r=-0,59; r=-0,72; (p <0,001)]. В ходе ROC-анализа площади под кривой информативности величин снижения ИРФ-1 через 3 и 6 месяцев для прогноза эффективности АС1 составили 0,841
и 0,853. Отрезными точками являлись снижение уровня ИРФ-1 через 3 и 6 месяцев >46 и >49% от исходного
уровня. Чувствительность данных маркеров составила 63 и 75%, специфичность – 79 и 80%.
ВЫВОДЫ:
1. Величина снижения ИРФ-1 через 3 и 6 месяцев лечения АС1 отражает выраженность экспрессии 2-го п/т
СР, а также интактность пострецепторных механизмов в опухолевых клетках.
2. Фармакотерапевтическое тестирование может использоваться в качестве дополнительного предиктора
результативности долгосрочного лечения АС1.
4
Gontcharov, Alexandre B., Paul Lowden, Ashutosh Jena, Sunyong Kwon und Mathieu Brochu. „Weldability and Properties of Newly Developed LW4280 High Gamma Prime Nickel Based Superalloy for 3D AM and Repair of Turbine Engine Components“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-58851.
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Abstract Chemical composition, structure, mechanical and oxidation properties of welds produced utilizing laser direct energy deposition process of a newly developed LW4280 welding powder will be presented. Crack-free and high-density specimens were fabricated for manufacturing standard and subsized tensile test samples as per ASTM E-8. Optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of epitaxial grain growth during solidification of the welding pool followed by precipitation of fine gamma prime phase during the reheating from the subsequent weld layers. A sub-solvus primary aging temperature determined using Thermo-Calc software followed by secondary aging resulted in precipitation of above 49% of cuboidal γ′ phase. Excellent ultimate tensile strength of 1310 MPa (190 ksi), 0.2% yield strength of 855 MPa (124 ksi), and elongation of 18.7% were measured at ambient temperature. At 926°C (1700°F), the tensile testing yielded of 579 MPa (84 ksi), 0.2% yield strength of 462 MPa (67 ksi), and elongation of 18.8%. Cyclic oxidation resistance of the LW4280 weld material at 1120°C (2048°F) was superior to Rene 80 and Mar M247 while slightly below Rene 142.
5
Balgiu, Beatrice adriana, Andrei Simionescupanait und Daniela maricica Cotoara. „THE LEARNERS' SATISFACTION REGARDING ASYNCHRONOUS E-LEARNING SYSTEMS. ANALYSIS OF THE ELS SCALE IN THE CASE OF A TECH UNDERGRADUATE SAMPLE“. In eLSE 2021. ADL Romania, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-21-132.
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Aim: The 2020 pandemic motivated the appearance and usage of many e-learning platforms. Despite this boom, the academic medium hosts very few research articles analyzing the user's satisfaction with e-learning systems. This study meets the challenge and evaluates the satisfaction that asynchronous e-learning systems generate in their end-users. The evaluation is done by using the ELS (e-learner satisfaction) scale. This scale contains four factors: Learner interface, Learning community, Content of the system, and Personalization. Method: 394 tech undergrads (Mage = 19,27; S.D. = 0.65; 132 females and 262 males) participated in this study. They responded in both physical and digital mediums. The study used the Maximum Likelihood - Exploratory Factor Analysis (including Varimax rotation) statistical model for 39% of the subjects and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis model for 61% of the subjects. The study also used descriptive and correlational analyses. Results show that the number of factors remains rather constant when reducing items and that it explains 62,83% of the scale's total variation, given the scale's Romanian version and that is it used in a different cultural setting than that for which the ELS was initially created. The Personalization factor is split into items that influence the Content factor and items which do not. The new Romanian version scale showcases useful psychometric properties (??/df = 2,09; GFI =0,92; CFI = 0,95; RMSEA = 0,058; SRMR=0.0512). The internal consistency for the newly obtained subscales is adequate, given that it displays Cronbach's ? factors with values between 0,73 and 0,82. The Cronbach's ? total scale value is 0.87 (CI95% - 0,85-0,89). Out of 16 items, 15 have a corrected item-to-total correlation factor of over 0,52. The last item has a corrected item for a total correlation factor of 0,48. Conclusion: E-learner satisfaction scale is a valid instrument for the Romanian context.
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Красулина, К. А., А. А. Глазков, П. А. Глазкова, Ю. А. Ковалева und Д. А. Куликов. „НАРУШЕНИЯ РЕАКЦИИ КОЖНОГО МИКРОСОСУДИСТОГО РУСЛА НА НАГРЕВ ПРИ САХАРНОМ ДИАБЕТЕ 2 ТИПА И ОЖИРЕНИИ“. In X (XXIX) НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГОВ с международным участием «Персонализированная медицина и практическое здравоохранение». ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии» Минздрава России, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/cong23-26.05.23-152.
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ЦЕЛЬ: оценить различия параметров реакции кожного микрососудистого русла на нагрев в зависимо-
сти от массы тела среди лиц без диабета и пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа.
МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: участниками исследования стали пациенты с сахарным диабетом (СД) 2 типа
и без него. Анализировали различия показателей перфузии в 4 группах пациентов: 1) без СД с избыточной
массой тела (n = 33, 54±14 лет); 2) без СД с ожирением (n = 18, 54±14 лет); 3) с СД с избыточной массой
тела (n = 31, 61±9 лет); 4) с СД с ожирением (n = 56, 59±9 лет). Измерение кожной микроциркуляции про-
водилось методом лазерной доплеровской флоуметрии на дорсальных сторонах руки и стопы. Перфузия
кожи регистрировалась первые 2 минуты в покое, далее во время нагрева до 42°С в течение 300 с. Затем
рассчитывались следующие показатели: 1) Базовая перфузия – средний уровень микроциркуляции в покое
за первые 2 минуты; 2) Тангенс угла наклона кривой гиперемии за 120 с от начала нагрева (Наклон-120);
3) Локальная тепловая гиперемия (ЛТГ) – средний уровень перфузии во время нагрева; 4) Абсолютный
прирост перфузии – разница между ЛТГ и БП (ЛТГ-БП). Данные представлены в виде медиан и квартилей.
Различия между группами оценивались с помощью критерия Краскела−Уоллиса.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: наклон-120 на руке в группе №1 составил 1,3 (1,1; 1,4), №2 − 0,97 (0,8; 1,1), №3 − 0,97
(0,6; 1,1), №4 – 0,9 (0,7; 1,2) [p=0,001]. При попарных сравнениях было показано, что различия между груп-
пами были связаны с лучшей реактивностью микрососудов на нагрев у пациентов без СД и без ожирения,
в то время как пациенты с ожирением имели сниженное значение показателя «Наклон-120», сопостави-
мое с пациентами с СД (как с ожирением, так и без). Отмечено снижение ЛТГ на руке в группах №1-4: 22,7
(18,8; 25,2), 17,55 (15,8; 19,6), 16,6 (13,9; 19,4) и 15,9 (12,2; 20,4) ПЕ [p<0,001]. Сходная тенденция отмечена
и в отношении параметра ЛТГ-БП [p<0,001]. В области ног различия были значимы только среди лиц с СД:
при ожирении оказался ниже Наклон-120 по сравнению с избыточной массой тела: 0,4 (0,2; 0,7) против 0,7
(0,4; 0,8) [p=0,025].
ВЫВОДЫ: было продемонстрировано, что реакция сосудов на нагрев нарушается при ожирении
и ещё больше уменьшается при наличии СД. Худшие значения показателей наблюдались у пациентов
с СД и ожирением. При этом изменения, возникающие на фоне ожирения у лиц без СД аналогичны тем,
которые мы наблюдали ранее у пациентов с СД на фоне развития диабетических микроангиопатий. Таким
образом, снижение реактивности микроциркуляторного русла наблюдается не только на фоне развития
микрососудистых осложнений СД, но и на фоне метаболических нарушений, таких как ожирение, даже
при отсутствии нарушений углеводного обмена. Это позволяет предположить, что диагностика микро-
циркуляторных нарушений в перспективе может быть использована не только с целью определения риска
развития микроангиопатий, но и для оценки риска манифестации СД.
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Chen, Xiaofei. „Spatial Structure in Chinese and Japanese Cities: A Comparative Study of the Supergrid and Superblock Structure“. In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.4555.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Title: Spatial Structure in Chinese and Japanese Cities: A Comparative Study of the Supergrid and Superblock StructureAuthor Name: Xiao Fei Chen Affiliation: Faculty of Architecture Design and Planning, The University of Sydney Address: The Wilkinson Bldg G04, 148 City Rd, Darlington NSW 2008 Email Address: xche3951@Sydney.edu.au Mobile: 61 (02) 0450875226 Keywords: Supergrid and Superblock, Urban Morphology, China and JapanAbstract:Supergrids and Superblocks form an urban structure that extends across large areas of many Chinese and Japanese cities. The grid structures consist of wide roads at a city scale and define Superblocks, each with a network of narrower streets. My paper investigates the form-function interrelationships of these structures from morphological perspectives against a backcloth of theory that stresses an integrated network of streets as the prerequisite for a convenient and synergetic environment, with a specific focus on road/street networks, and mix and distribution of functional activities. Both qualitative and quantitative methods (including space syntax) are used to investigate four Superblocks from two pairs of Chinese and Japanese cities: Xi’an and Kyoto, and Nanjing and Osaka, from three aspects: integration, connection and interaction. Here I focus on the Nanjing-Osaka pair and the findings demonstrate clear but divergent patterns between the two cities, which are indicative of general differences between Chinese and Japanese Superblocks: there are very strong interrelationships between the street network and distribution of activities in the Japanese Superblocks, but these are much less evident in the Chinese Superblocks and this results largely from the extensive Chinese cultural practice of building walls around compounds. It reveals some structural disadvantages, leading to congestion of traffic and functional activities in some strategic locations in Chinese Superblocks. It also highlights some crucial qualities in the structures of many Japanese Superblocks that can provide inspiration for China’s future urban development and possibly for cities in other parts of the world.Reference:Alexander, C. (1965) ‘A city is not a tree’, Architectural Forum 122, 58-62. Ashihara, Y. (1983) The Aesthetic Townscape, US: Massachusetts Institute Technology Press Halliday Lithograph. Bentley et al., (1985) Responsive environments: a manual for designers (London: Architectural Press). Hillier, B. (1996) Space is the machine (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). Jacobs, J. (1961) The death and life of great American cities (New York: Random House). Marshall, S. (2005) Streets & Patterns, (Spon Press, Taylor & Francis Group). Shelton, B. (2012) Learning from the Japanese City: Looking East in Urban Design (Routledge imprint of Taylor & Francis, London). Zhu, W.Y. (2010) Space, Symbol and City: a Theory of Urban Design (China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing.
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Elgendi, Mariam, Helene Deacon, Lindsey Rodriguez, Fiona King, Simon Sherry, Allan Abbass, Sandra Meier, Raquel Nogueira-Arjona, Amanda Hagen und Sherry Stewart. „A Perfect Storm: Unintended Effects of Homeschooling on Parents’ Mental Health and Cannabis Use Behaviors During the Pandemic“. In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.33.
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The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in families self-isolating under incredible stress. Viral containment strategies included school closures with parents left to homeschool their children with few supports from the educational system. Recent data show that those with children at home were more likely to drink heavily during the pandemic (Rodriguez et al., in press). Gaps remain, however, in understanding whether these effects are due to the stresses of homeschooling and whether they extend to cannabis use. Seven-hundred-and-sixty Canadian romantic couples (total N=1520 participants; mean age = 57 years; 50% women) who were self-isolating together during the month of April 2020 were recruited through Qualtrics Panel Surveys. Measures were completed retrospectively in early July 2020; participants were asked to report on their feelings and behavior in April 2020 during lockdown. They completed the GAD-7 (Spitzer et al., 2006) and the PHQ-9 (Kronke et al., 2001) to assess anxiety and depression, brief versions of four subscales of the COVID-19 Stress Scales (Taylor et al., 2020) to assess stress around the pandemic, and the Life Orientation Test – Revised (Chiesi et al., 2013) to assess optimism. They completed a measure of role strain (Statistics Canada, 2015) and a measure of conflict with their partner (Murray et al., 2003). They also completed a validated measure of cannabis use frequency and quantity (Cuttler et al., 2017), as well as two validated items from the Brief Cannabis Motives Measures (Bartel et al., 2020) to assess cannabis use to cope with depression and anxiety, respectively. All measures were completed for a 30-day timeframe during the month of April. Participants also reported on whether they were homeschooling one or more children in Grade 1-12 during the month of April. Data was analyzed with a one-way (homeschooling group) Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) controlling for group differences in age; a Bonferroni-correction was applied to account for multiple tests. Compared to those who did not homeschool (n=1116), those who did homeschool (n=404) experienced significantly more depression (p=.001), more COVID-19-related stress around socioeconomic consequences (p<.001) and traumatic stress (p<.001), and less optimism (p=.002). And those who homeschooled experienced more role strain between their home and work responsibilities (p<.001) and more conflict both toward and from their partner (p’s<.001) than those who did not homeschool. Those who homeschooled also used cannabis significantly more frequently in the month of April than those who did not homeschool (p=.003). Compared to cannabis users who did not homeschool (n=122), cannabis users who did homeschool (n=61) reported more frequent cannabis use to cope with both depression and anxiety (p’s = .003). These findings suggest that unintended consequences of our societal viral containment strategies include more depression, pessimism, role strain, inter-parental conflict, and certain COVID-related stresses, and extend to more frequent cannabis use to cope with negative affect, among parents required to homeschool during the pandemic. These unintended mental health and substance misuse consequences for parents need to be considered when planning for an educational strategy in the fall and for any future waves of the pandemic.