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Valenzuela López, Marino, Leopoldo Partida Ruvalcaba, Tomás Díaz Valdés, Teresa De Jesús Velázquez Alcaraz, Germán Bojórquez Bojórquez und Tomás Enciso Osuna. „Respuesta del tomate cultivado en hidroponía con soluciones nutritivas en sustrato humus de lombriz-fibra de coco“. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 5, Nr. 5 (14.02.2018): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v5i5.903.
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El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el efecto que induce la solución nutritiva Steiner al 100% de concentración nutrimental, así como las variaciones en la concentración de la misma (25 y 50%) de dicha concentración, en comparación con el testigo (sólo agua), aplicadas en mezclas de sustratos orgánicos a base de humus de lombriz y fibra de coco, en proporciones v:v de 25:75, 50:50 y 75:25. Con el tomate hibrido Imperial injertado con Multifort® tipo bola, de crecimiento indeterminado, durante el ciclo agrícola 2011-2012. Se estableció un experimento factorial 4 x 3 en un diseño experimental completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Las variables de estudio fueron índice de verdor (determinada con SPAD 502), diámetro ecuatorial y polar de fruto, y rendimiento según la clasif icación de la norma oficial NMX-FF-031-1997. Se observaron incrementos en el índice de verdor de 43.1, 48.7 y 55.8% con las soluciones al 25, 50 y 100% de concentración nutrimental a los 150 ddt (días después del trasplante), en comparación con plantas irrigadas con agua; el diámetro ecuatorial de los frutos tuvo incrementos de 34.3-39.3% en el primer racimo, en comparación al de frutos en el testigo, en el segundo racimo fueron de 55.8-60.2%, y en el tercero de 360.8-412.7%; el diámetro polar de frutos del tercer racimo se incrementó 308.6, 334.4 y 324.8% con las respectivas soluciones al 25, 50 y 100%; mientras que con las mismas soluciones el rendimiento total se expresó con incrementos de 295.0, 378.2 y 394.7%, pero las mejores respuestas se dieron donde se aplicaron las soluciones al 50 y 100%.
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Eduar, Dionisius, Rosehan Rosehan und Sobron Yamin Lubis. „Pengaruh Variasi Sudut Kampuh V Terhadap Kekuatan Sambungan Stainless Steel 316 pada Pengelasan Tungsten Inert Gas“. Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi 6, Nr. 1 (23.04.2023): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/jutin.v6i1.16411.
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This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the V seam angle with TIG welding on the strength of the welding joints in each 316 stainless steel specimen and to find out how much the strength value of the welding joints is in stainless steel 316 after a tensile test is carried out. Types of research methods and data collection will start from 316 stainless steel plate welding with TIG welding. Welding will be carried out with a variation of the V seam angle of 30o, 45o, and 60o at each 120 A welding current and 15L/min argon discharge. After welding, the stainless steel will be cut according to ASTM E8 standard sizes and followed by a tensile test to determine the effect of variations in seam angles on the strength of the welded joints. Based on the results of the test data obtained, it shows that (1) the tensile stress value is directly proportional to the strain. The greater the tensile stress value, the greater the strain value will be. (2) The results of the tensile test show that the greater the seam angle, the higher the resulting tensile stress. The highest tensile strength was the specimen with a seam angle of 60o which was 511.4 Mpa, while the lowest tensile strength was the specimen with a seam angle of 30o which was 378.2 Mpa. (3) The results of the tensile test show that the greater the seam angle V, the greater the tensile stress so that the strain is also greater. The highest strain for specimens with a seam angle of V 60o is 7.9, while the lowest strain is for specimens with a seam angle of V 30o which is 2.9. (4) The results of the calculation of tensile stress and strain obtained the highest modulus of elasticity for the V 60o seam corner specimen, namely 15358.358, while the lowest value was for the V 30o seam corner specimen, namely 12629.189.
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Holsten, E. H., und J. Hard. „EFFICACY OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER FOR SUPPRESSING POPULATIONS OF LARGE ASPEN TORTRIX IN ALASKA“. Canadian Entomologist 117, Nr. 5 (Mai 1985): 587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent117587-5.
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AbstractThe efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis was evaluated against the large aspen tortrix on trembling aspen in Alaska. A concentration of 4 × 109 IU per 378.5 L of water was applied to infested trees using a hydraulic sprayer. Treatments with Dipel 4L and Thuricide 32LV resulted in population reductions of 69 and 76% respectively. Both products provided significant foliage protection. Timing of treatment is critical to successful population suppression and foliage protection.
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Würflinger, A., und W. Weissflog. „DTA and p VT Measurements on 4-cyanobenzyI-5- (4-n-octyloxybenzoyloxy)-2-undecyloxybenzoate up to 250 MPa and 383 K“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 55, Nr. 11-12 (01.12.2000): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2000-11-1219.
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Abstract The phase diagram of 4-cyanobenzyl-5-(4-«-octyloxybenzoyloxy)-2-undecyloxybenzoate (4CNOUB) has been established with differential thermal analysis (DTA). The pressure range for the smectic A phase is limited, resulting in a triple point at 165 MPa and 378.26 K. p, Vm, T data have been measured for the smectic and istotropic phases of 4CNOUB between 243 and 383 K and up to 250 MPa. The volume changes accompanying the crystal - smectic and scmectic - isotropic transitions have been deter-mined. The corresponding enthalpy changes have been calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The p, Vm, T data enable also to estimate the volume entropy for the smectic - isotropic transition and the volume dependence of the clearing temperature.
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Khanh, Tran Bao. „OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE PRODUCTION BY Lactobacillus plantarum T10“. Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, Nr. 4A (21.03.2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/4a/11976.
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Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production ability of Lactobacillus plantarumT10 was studied. The supplement of some sugars (lactose, saccharose, and glucose) gave the positive effects on EPS production of L. plantarum T10, in which the addition of lactose 4 % resulted in the most efficiency for EPS yield (274.83 μg/mL). The addition of 0.4 % of yeast extract into culture medium with 4 % lactose provided the highest EPS yields compared to other nitrogen sources (peptone, beef extract), which were 378.32 mg/mL. The optimal conditions for EPS production of L. plantarum T10 in MRS broth with 4 % of lactose and 0.4 % yeast extract supplement were also studied. The results indicated that the highest EPS yield (417.11 mg/L) was obtained in the conditions of 106 CFU/ml initial cell density, temperature of 35 oC, pH 5.5 and 48 h incubation.
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Ospina-García, Miguel Ángel, Saieth Baudilio Chaves-Pabón und Luis Miguel Jiménez-Sicachá. „Mejoramiento de subrasantes de tipo arcilloso mediante la adición de escoria de acero“. REVISTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN, DESARROLLO E INNOVACIÓN 11, Nr. 1 (15.08.2020): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.19053/20278306.v11.n1.2020.11692.
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El presente trabajo evalúa el comportamiento de mezclas de suelo arcilloso mediante la adición de esco-ria de acero, comparando con los criterios de calidad para ser una subrasante vial. El comportamiento de la mezcla de escoria de acería con arcilla caolinita, se estableció con una matriz de dosificación de au-mento gradual, en porcentajes de: 25, 50 y 75%, a través del tamiz N°4. Los resultados indican que la escoria de acería funciona en materiales cohesivos, reduciendo la plasticidad hasta un 0%, y aumentan-do el valor del California Bearing Ratio, CBR, en un 378.92%. Se concluye que la escoria de acero, es un excelente complemento para mejorar las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de una subrasante de arcilla caolinita. En una primera aproximación, la dosificación más recomendada es de un 25%, debido a que la disminución en la resistencia a la compresión e índice de plasticidad no fue tan alta como en las otras dosificaciones, pero si aumenta el índice CBR y la densidad.
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Abbott, Isabella A. „WILLIAM RANDOLPH TAYLOR (1895–1990). An appreciative tribute“. Phycologia 30, Nr. 4 (Juli 1991): 378–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-30-4-378.1.
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Pavia, Henrik, Gunilla B. Toth, Annelie Lindgren und Per Åberg. „Intraspecific variation in the phlorotannin content of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum“. Phycologia 42, Nr. 4 (Juli 2003): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-42-4-378.1.
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Chettry, Momita, Rijan Ojha und Bhabindra Niroula. „A report of Siwalik forest around Letang Raja-Rani wetland, Morang, eastern Nepal“. Our Nature 19, Nr. 1 (14.12.2021): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v19i1.41232.
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Species composition, phytosociological status and soil characteristics of Siwalik forest occurring around Raja-Rani wetland, Letang municipality, eastern Nepal was studied. A total of 47 tree species belonging to 40 genera and 26 families were reported. Dominant and co-dominant trees were Shorea robusta (IVI=133.4) and Schima wallichii (IVI=70.6), respectively. In the forest total tree density, basal cover area, seedling density, fallen dead density and dead standing density were 378.4 trees ha-1, 163.7 m2 ha-1, 105250 individual ha-1, 4 trees ha-1 and 1.6 trees ha-1, respectively. Irregular girth class distribution and high stump density (136.8 tree ha-1) denote disturbance. Soil physicochemical characteristics were: acidic soil (pH 4.8), moisture (12.5%), water holding capacity (50.05%), bulk density (1.17 g cm-3), porosity (0.55%), humus (8.6%), organic carbon (0.52%), nitrogen (0.1%), phosphorus (33 kg ha-1), and potassium (300 kg ha-1). Regulating human encroachment to ensure natural regeneration of species to maintain the viability of the Letang Raja-Rani wetland site and integrity of the local ecosystem is strongly recommended.
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Marković, Ana, Mariyana Atanasova, Rossen Buyukliev, Adriana Bakalova, Andrija Šmelcerović und Emiliya Cherneva. „3’-Methyl-4-thio-1H-tetrahydropyranspiro-5’-hydantoin platinum complex as a novel deoxyribonuclease I inhibitor“. Pharmacia 71 (03.07.2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e126246.
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Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) is one of the main nucleases involved in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) degradation during apoptosis. It catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of DNA, producing 5‘-oligonucleotides. The inhibition of DNase I may serve as an important mechanism for protecting DNA against premature degradation during cell damage. Fourteen hydantoin-containing compounds, including two newly synthesized and seven previously synthesized metal complexes, along with five previously synthesized hydantoin ligands, were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory properties against bovine pancreatic DNase I. As a result, the 3’-methyl-4-thio-1H-tetrahydropyranspiro-5’-hydantoin platinum complex (8) inhibited the enzyme with an IC50 value of 110.20 ± 24.20 µM, a potency 3-fold greater than that of the reference crystal violet (IC50 = 378.27 ± 47.75 µM). To understand the binding mode and mechanism of inhibition of compound 8 with DNase I, molecular docking calculations were performed. The analysis revealed that compound 8 interacts with the most important catalytic residues of DNase I. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a platinum complex inhibiting DNase I.
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Hajar, Ibnu, und Tito Dias Fernando. „Analisa Pengaruh Luas Penampang Penghantar dan Cuaca Terhadap Rugi Daya Akibat Korona Pada SUTT 150 kV (Studi Kasus: Gardu Induk Bangkalan – Gardu Induk Sampang)“. Energi & Kelistrikan 11, Nr. 2 (17.12.2019): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/energi.v11i2.857.
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PT. PLN (PERSERO) as a state-owned company responsible in the electricity sector is required to improve the quality of electricity transmission. In the transmission of electrical power to consumers will be got losses of power. Raising the voltage is an alternative to this problem but it creates new problems because the higher the voltage has increased the corona will occur. The impact of the corona in addition to damaging equipment, noise, and disturbing radio waves, the corona also causes power losses that are proportional to the length of the transmission line. This study uses a quantitative method, by calculating the corona power losses by comparing 4 different cross-sectional areas of the conductor and 4 different air temperatures. The results of this study found that the smaller the cross-sectional area of the conductor the power losses due to corona are smaller, conversely the greater the cross-sectional area the greater the power losses. At the smallest cross-sectional area of 282.6 mm2, the power losses that occurred were 2.013% and at the largest cross-sectional area of 378.7 mm2, the power losses were 5.251%. While the influence of air temperature, the lowest corona losses occur at 29 0C which are 1,223,886 kW and the biggest occur at 24 0C which are 1,373,419 kW, so the higher the air temperature the smaller the corona losses, conversely the lower the air temperature than the higher the corona losses that occur.
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Bezerra, Idelfonso L., Reginaldo G. Nobre, Hans R. Gheyi, Leandro de P. Souza, Francisco W. A. Pinheiro und Geovani S. de Lima. „Morphophysiology of guava under saline water irrigation and nitrogen fertilization“. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 22, Nr. 1 (Januar 2018): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n1p32-37.
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ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of grafted guava cv. ‘Paluma’ subjected to different concentrations of salts in irrigation water and nitrogen (N) fertilization. The plants were transplanted to 150 L lysimeters and under field conditions at the Science and Agri-food Technology Center of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in the municipality of Pombal - PB. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates, and the treatments corresponded to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3; 1.1; 1.9; 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1) and four N doses (70, 100, 130 and 160% of the N dose recommended for the crop). The doses equivalent to 100% corresponded to 541.1 mg of N dm-3 of soil. Irrigation water salinity above 0.3 dS m-1 negatively affects the number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, dry phytomass of leaves, branches and shoots . A significant interaction between irrigation water salinity and N fertilization was observed only for the number of leaves and leaf area at 120 days after transplanting. N dose above 70% of the recommendation (378.7 mg N dm-3 soil) did not mitigate the deleterious effects caused by salt stress on plant growth.
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Melník, Milan, Peter Mikuš und Clive Edward Holloway. „Platinum organometallic complexes: classification and analysis of crystallographic and structural data for dimeric complexes“. Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry 34, Nr. 1 (01.03.2014): 25–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revic-2013-0010.
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AbstractThis review covers over 260 examples of dimeric organoplatinum complexes. Platinum is predominantly found in the oxidation states +2 and +4, but with some examples of 0, +1, +2.5, +3, and of mixed-valence as well. A number of coordination state geometries are observed, of which the most common is essentially square-planar at Pt(II), a distorted octahedral at Pt(IV), and some examples of trigonal planar and trigonal bipyramidal as well. The most common ligands are methyl (Me), carbonyl and PX3. The shortest Pt-Pt bond distance is 245.1(1) pm. The mean Pt-Pt bond distance increases in the order: 261.1 pm [Pt(2.5)-Pt(2.5)]<261.3 pm [Pt(III)-Pt(III)]<262.4 pm [Pt(I)-Pt(I)]<270.3 pm [Ot(II)-Pt(II)]<277.2 pm [Pt(0)-Pt(0)]<282.6 pm [Pt(II)-Pt(II)]. The Pt…Pt no-bonding distances are: Pt(II)…Pt(II), 3.008–17.959 pm; Pt(IV)…Pt(IV), 327.5–768.0 pm; Pt(II)-Pt(0), 378.6 pm and Pt(II)…Pt(IV), 389 pm. There are several relationships pointed out between the Pt-Pt distances, Pt-X-Pt bridge angles and covalent radii of coordinated atoms. Several examples contain two crystallographically independent molecules within the same crystal, differing mostly by degree of distortion, which are examples of distortion isomerism.
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Bezerra, Idelfonso Leandro, Hans Raj Gheyi, Reginaldo Gomes Nobre, Geovani Soares de Lima, João Batista dos Santos und Pedro Dantas Fernandes. „Interaction between soil salinity and nitrogen on growth and gaseous exchanges in guava“. Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 13, Nr. 3 (06.06.2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2130.
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This study evaluated the growth and gas exchanges of guava, cv. ‘Paluma’ cultivated in salinized soil and subjected to different nitrogen (N) doses in a protected environment in the municipality of Campina Grande-PB. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement with three replicates, and the treatments resulted from the combination of five salinity levels in the soil saturation extract - ECse (2.15, 3.15,4.15, 5.15 and 6.15 dS m-1) and four N doses (70, 100, 130 and 160% of the recommended N dose). The dose referring to 100% of N corresponded to 541.1 mg of N dm-3 of soil. At 120 and 180 days after (DAT), plant growth was evaluated based on stem diameter (SD), leaf area (LA) and number of leaves (NL). At 210 DAT, the following variables of leaf gas exchanges were evaluated: stomatal conductance (gs), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration (E) and CO2 assimilation rate (A). ECse above 2.15 dS m-1 reduced stem diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, transpiration and CO2 assimilation rate, in both evaluation periods. N dose above 70% of the recommendation (378.7 mg N dm-3 of soil) did not mitigate the deleterious effects caused by the salt stress on the growth and gas exchanges of guava plants.
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Mahmood, Mohammad Y., Noorulden Y. Khudhair und Yaseen M. Rasheed. „Study the effect of number of parturitions on the measurements of reproductive performance of dairy cows“. Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 5, Nr. 2 (31.12.2014): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2014/v5i24179.
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This study is conducted in Latifiya station for dairy cows in south east of Baghdad. Which have Holstein and Friesian and cross breed among them, from the first of April 2012 until the first of August 2014. Dystocia rate 69.81% recorded and also 26.8% retained placenta with 16% ovarian problem and 53% uterine problems for (386) cows.The cows of research are divided into four group according the number of parturition and four reproduction performance parameters are used.(calving interval) ,(open day) ,(conception from first service) and finally (services per conception).The results are in the first group (2parturitions) (121) cows were 423.7 day for calving interval ,107.1 days open ,27.4% conception from first service and 2.3 services per conception ,the result of second group (3parturitions) (106)cows were ,458.3 day calving interval ,188.1 day open days, 25.3% conception from first service and 2.28 services per conception that statically significant. The result of third group (4 parturition ) (120)cow record 427.6 days calving interval ,156.2 days open ,37% conception from first service ,and2.15 services per conception. with statistical significant difference at p< 0.01. The last group (5 parturitions) (58) cow also record 378.8 days calving interval ,101.8 days open ,49% conception from first services and 1.76 services per conception .The results of last two groups have statically significant at p<0.01 from first and second groups.
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Mahmood, Mohammad Y., Noorulden Y. Khudhair und Yaseen M. Rasheed. „Study the effect of number of parturitions on the measurements of reproductive performance of dairy cows“. Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 5, Nr. 2 (31.12.2014): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2014/v5i24179.
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This study is conducted in Latifiya station for dairy cows in south east of Baghdad. Which have Holstein and Friesian and cross breed among them, from the first of April 2012 until the first of August 2014. Dystocia rate 69.81% recorded and also 26.8% retained placenta with 16% ovarian problem and 53% uterine problems for (386) cows.The cows of research are divided into four group according the number of parturition and four reproduction performance parameters are used.(calving interval) ,(open day) ,(conception from first service) and finally (services per conception).The results are in the first group (2parturitions) (121) cows were 423.7 day for calving interval ,107.1 days open ,27.4% conception from first service and 2.3 services per conception ,the result of second group (3parturitions) (106)cows were ,458.3 day calving interval ,188.1 day open days, 25.3% conception from first service and 2.28 services per conception that statically significant. The result of third group (4 parturition ) (120)cow record 427.6 days calving interval ,156.2 days open ,37% conception from first service ,and2.15 services per conception. with statistical significant difference at p< 0.01. The last group (5 parturitions) (58) cow also record 378.8 days calving interval ,101.8 days open ,49% conception from first services and 1.76 services per conception .The results of last two groups have statically significant at p<0.01 from first and second groups.
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Muramoto, Yoichi, Naoya Murakami, Noriyuki Okonogi, Jun Takatsu, Kotaro Iijima, Tatsuya Inoue, Kanade Kato et al. „Dose Contribution to the Regional Lymph-Node Metastases and Point B from Intracavity and Interstitial Hybrid Brachytherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer“. Cancers 16, Nr. 13 (28.06.2024): 2384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16132384.
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Purpose: Analyzing dose distributions to regional lymph-node metastases (RLNMs) in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients undergoing intracavitary and interstitial hybrid brachytherapy (IC/IS). Methods: Dose distributions of eleven LACC patients with 38 RLNMs, and who received 38 IC/IS sessions were analyzed in EQD2, considering RLNM positions and ipsilateral interstitial needles; these RLNMs, excepting the para-aortic region, were classified into four groups. Results: RLNMs had a median of two ipsilateral interstitial needles per session. Significant differences were observed in total RLNM D90, depending on whether the position was cranial or caudal of the uterine base (85.5 vs. 378.9 cGy, p < 0.0001), and whether the RLNM D90 was associated with a number of ipsilateral interstitial needles between 0–1 or 2 or more (68.4 vs. 112.2 cGy, p = 0.006) per session. At each session, Group 1 RLNMs (cranial of the uterine base, 0–1 ipsilateral interstitial needle) had a mean D90 of 21.1 cGy; Group 2 (cranial, 2 or more), 73.8; Group 3 (caudal, 0–1), 94.7; and Group 4 (caudal, 2 or more), 136.1. Conclusion: RLNMs located caudal of the uterine base associated with two or more ipsilateral interstitial needles in IC/IS had a higher dose contribution, which should be considered when calculating the RLNMs’ dose of external beam boost irradiation.
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Dhaidan Shnain Al-Abbas, Wijdan. „Evaluation the Role of Interleukin-8 and Interleukin-10 in Myocardial Infarction Patients in Al- Najaf City“. University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science 7, Nr. 1 (20.06.2019): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v7i1.257.
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This study conducted to evaluate the interleukin-8 and interleukin- 10 level in hypertension and myocardial infarction patients in the period from March to December 2018 by using ELISA technique. A total of thirty three (33) patients from which (5 women and 8 men) with MI and (7 women and 4 men) with hypertension and a total of 19 (7 women and 12 men) healthy individuals were considered as control group. Resulting in, the mean of interleukin-8 level of hypertension and myocardial infarction patients (416.6 pg/ml) and (433.2pg/ml) respectively, with significant elevation comparing with non hypertension (292.03 pg/ml), non myocardial patients (378.9 pg/ml) and control (123.1 pg/ml), furthermore, mean of interleukin-10 level of hypertension and myocardial infarction patients (320.5pg/ml) and (102.9 pg/ml) respectively, with significantly different compared with non patients and control, where show significant increase mean of interleukin-10 level of hypertension compared with non hypertension patients (260.5 pg/ml) and control (129.4 pg/ml), also show a significant decline mean of interleukin-10 level for myocardial in comparison with non myocardial patients (146.3 pg/ml) and control (129.4 pg/ml). Concluded that interleukin-8 (pro and anti- inflammatory) significantly raised in hypertension and myocardial infarction in coronary artery patients, in contrast, this result observed decrease production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 in myocardial patients.
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Medina-Barrios, Óscar Daniel, Éver Edrey Hernández-Cuadrado und Douglas Hernández Vélez. „Termobiología de Bothrops asper (Garman, 1883) en Colombia: ensayos ecofisiológicos“. Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú 30, Nr. 1 (04.03.2019): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v30i1.15673.
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Se determinó el rango de temperatura óptimo (RTO) y las temperaturas críticas (CTmax, CTMin) de la tasa respiratoria (TR) y los comportamientos de alimentación (CA) y de defensa (CD) de Bothrops asper en condiciones de cautiverio. Se usaron serpientes adultas (n=10) con una talla de 137.2±17.2 cm y peso de 829.0±378.9 g, sometidas a temperaturas experimentales entre 10 y 40 °C y cambios graduales de 3 °C por minuto, excepto para la captura de alimento (4 °C por semana). El RTO fue entre 21 y 31 °C para TR (22.9±5.1 resp/min), de 27 a 31 °C y de 26 a 30 °C para CA y CD, respectivamente. Las CTmax y CTMin fueron de 39 °C y 15.5 °C para TR, de 34.7 °C y 20 °C para CA y de 33 °C y 21.7 °C para CD, respectivamente. Las temperaturas y las variables ecofisiológicas estuvieron correlacionadas en la mayoría de los casos (R=0.67, p=0.000), observándose mayor sensibilidad a registros térmicos altos. Estos datos demuestran que la temperatura actúa como un modulador de los eventos de la historia de vida y del grado de intensidad y sucesión de los procesos fisiológicos y comportamentales de este vipérido. Los resultados también indican que B. asper no podría extender su rango de distribución geográfica por encima de los 2000 m de altitud. Finalmente, se sugiere un grado de amenaza mayor (casi amenazada) para esta especie.
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Yang, Tsung-Jen, Yi-Jie Shiu, Che-Hsiu Chen, Sheng-Yan Yu, Ya-Ying Hsu und Chih-Hui Chiu. „Carbohydrate Mouth Rinses before Exercise Improve Performance of Romanian Deadlift Exercise: A Randomized Crossover Study“. Nutrients 16, Nr. 8 (22.04.2024): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16081248.
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(1) Background: This study compared the effects of mouth rinsing with a carbohydrate trial (CMR) and a placebo trial (PL) on concentric and eccentric contraction strength in multi-joint resistance exercise performance. (2) Methods: Twenty healthy adult men (age: 22.4 ± 3.7 years, body mass index: 26 ± 3.8, peak power: 378.3 ± 138.7 W) were recruited in this study. Participants were employed in a double-blind, randomized crossover design to divide participants into carbohydrate mouth rinsing trial (CMR) and placebo trial (PL). After warming up, participants used 6.6% maltodextrin (CMR) or mineral water (PL) to rinse their mouth for 20 s. Next, the participants underwent tests of maximum inertial Romanian deadlift resistance exercise comprising five sets of six reps, with 3 min rests between sets. After deducting the first repetition of each set, the mean values from the five sets were analyzed. (3) Results: The concentric peak power of the CMR trial was significantly higher than that of the PL trial (p = 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.46), the eccentric peak power of the CMR trial was significantly higher than that of the PL trial (p = 0.008, Cohen’s d = 0.56), and the total work of the CMR trial was significantly higher than that of PL trial (p = 0.002, Cohen’s d = 0.51). (4) Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that mouth rinsing with carbohydrates before exercise can improve concentric and eccentric contraction strength in multi-joint resistance exercise performance.
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Şenol Yazkan, Sevde Nur, und Müge Hendek ertop. „Use of chestnut propolis extract produced by maseration, reflux and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods in different food models: Effect on physicochemıcal, sensory and bioactive properties“. Food and Health 10, Nr. 1 (2024): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3153/fh24003.
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This study obtained ethanol-extracted propolis by applying maceration, reflux, and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods to propolis obtained from chestnut honey hives. Chestnut propolis extracts prepared by the methods were added to flower and chestnut honey at four different rates (0, 1, 2 and 4%) as a food model without heat treatment, and antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, colour, and sensory analysis of honey mixtures were made. Although the antioxidant activity (AO) (82.96%) and total phenolic content (TPC) (412.50 µg GAE /g) of chestnut honey were higher than that of flower honey (AO: 49.69%, TPC: 127.50 µg GAE/g), it was determined that the bioactive properties of flower honey (AO: 90.00%, TPC:713.60 µg GAE/g) rose close level to that of chestnut honey (AO:89.08%, TPC: 849.17 µg GAE/g) thanks to the addition of 4% propolis extract. Because the colour of chestnut honey with high colour intensity (1803.5 mAU) is significantly darker than flower honey (378.5 mAU), the different addition rates and extraction method of propolis did not significantly affect the final product colour intensity of chestnut honey (p>0.05), the addition of propolis in flower honey increased the colour intensity significantly (p<0.05). When propolis extracts prepared with three extraction methods are added to the basic cake formulation as a heat-treated food model in 4 different ratios (0, 1, 2 and 4%), the bioactive properties of the products (AO: 11.97%, TFM: 285.0 µg GAE/g) were determined to increase depending on the increasing propolis addition rate. Although propolis increases the antioxidant activity and phenolic substance content of the food models to which it is added due to its rich bioactive content, sensory properties of the food models were analysed due to propolis extracts' unique, intense taste, colour and flavor, and the results were evaluated with Principal Component Analysis. In terms of both food models, the products with propolis produced by maceration extraction had higher sensory evaluation scores. In contrast, the control samples without propolis were found to be similar to the products with 1% and 2% propolis added, respectively. The products with 4% propolis added showed separate clustering with low evaluation scores.
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Chowdhury, Md Masumul Gani, Md Zakaria und NAK Ahsan. „Evaluation Of Pulmonary Functions Of Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients“. KYAMC Journal 4, Nr. 1 (21.04.2017): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v4i1.32257.
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Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass has been implicated in causing poor pulmonary gas exchange postoperatively in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). This nonrandomized prospective study was conducted to determine whether patients undergoing off-pump CABG and thereby avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass will have improved pulmonary functions postoperatively.Method: Sixty patients undergoing elective CABG in the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka between July 2005 and June 2006 were consecutively selected in the study. Sample was divided into two groups: Group A- off-pump CABG and Group-B on-pump CABG. The test statistics used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics as Chi-square (×2) and Student's t-test.Results: Preoperative arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis showed no significant difference. ABG immediately at ICU on FiO2 1 revealed significantly better gas exchange in off-pump group (PaO2: 296.5±32.4 torr vs 234.8±10.7 torr, p<0.001; D(A-a)O2: 378.5±27.3 torr vs 439.2±10.3 torr, p<0.001; PaCO2: 38.5±3.8 torr vs 40.1±1.8 torr, p=0.045). ABG on 3rd postoperative day revealed no significant difference between the two groups. Ventilation time in off-pump group was significantly less than in on-pump group (10.5±2.8 hours vs 14.8±3.7 hours, p<0.001). For ICU stay, there was no significant difference. Postoperative spirometry at 3 month and pulmonary complications within 3 months were not different between groups.Conclusion: off-pump CABG group yielded better gas exchange and earlier extubation than on-pump CABG group.KYAMC Journal Vol. 4, No.-1, July 2013, Page 341-347
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An, Hyo-Jin, Ji-Young Lee und Wansu Park. „Baicalin Modulates Inflammatory Response of Macrophages Activated by LPS via Calcium-CHOP Pathway“. Cells 11, Nr. 19 (30.09.2022): 3076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11193076.
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Studies on natural products that can alleviate the inflammatory response of macrophages caused by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) continue. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of baicalin related to macrophage activation caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Baicalin is a flavone glycoside found in plants such as Scutellaria baicalensis and Scutellaria lateriflora belonging to the genus Scutellaria. The multiplex cytokine assay (MCA), Griess reagent assay, fluo-4 calcium assay, dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR123) assay, quantitative RT-PCR, and flow cytometry were performed using RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. The MCA revealed that baicalin significantly decreased the production of interleukin (IL)-6, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-2, and RANTES in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages at concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 μM. The DHR123 assay showed that baicalin significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species generation in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Flow cytometry revealed that baicalin significantly reduced the levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and Fas in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Baicalin also inhibited the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory genes such as Chop, Fas, Nos2, Ptgs2, Stat1, c-Jun, c-Fos, and At1a. The IC50 values of baicalin for IL-6, TNF-α, G-CSF, VEGF, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine (LIX), MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-2, RANTES, nitric oxide, intracellular calcium, and hydrogen peroxide were 591.3, 450, 1719, 27.68, 369.4, 256.6, 230.7, 856.9, 1326, 1524, 378.1, 26.76, 345.1, and 32.95 μM, respectively. Baicalin modulated the inflammatory response of macrophages activated by LPS via the calcium-CHOP pathway.
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Bielfeldt, J. C., R. Badertscher, K. H. Tölle und J. Krieter. „Influence of systematic effects on fertility traits in Swiss Brown cows“. Archives Animal Breeding 47, Nr. 6 (10.10.2004): 537–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-47-537-2004.
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Abstract. The study was conducted to investigate the influence of systematic effects on fertility traits in Swiss Brown cows. Days to first service (DFS), days open (DO), calving interval (CI), non-return rate 90 (NRR90), and conception rate to first service (CRFS) were analysed. The data set included records from 82,755 cows out of 1,674 farms in Eastern and Central Switzerland. The observation period lasted from January 1988 to May 2002. Housing system, lactation number, region, zone, calving/insemination season, (all fixed), and 305-day milk yield (covariable) were tested significant at a level of p < 0.05. The random effect of herd*year accounted for between 5.2 and 16.9 % of the total variance. Improved fertility results were consistently investigated in loose housing systems. DFS (67.8 vs. 71.0 days), DO (86.3 vs. 96.0), and CI (378.7 vs. 386.7) were shorter, NRR90 (66 vs. 61 %) and CRFS (52 vs. 44 %) were higher in loose housing systems compared to tie-stall barns. Cows in the first lactation had longer time intervals and lower success rates compared to cows in the second and third lactation. In higher lactation numbers, the reproductive performance consistently decreased. Cows in Eastern Switzerland had the first service 1 day later (69.7 vs. 68.8) compared to animals in Central Switzerland, otherwise the time intervals (DFS –0.9 days; CI –0.8 days) as well as the success rates (NRR90 +3 %; FSCR +4 %) were better. NRR90 and FSCR were highest in the insemination season from April to June (67 and 52 %, resp.). FSCR was lowest from January to March (48 %) and NRR90 had the lowest values from October to December (60 %).
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Bezerra, Idelfonso Leandro, Reginaldo Gomes Nobre, Hans Raj Gheyi, Geovani Soares De Lima und Joicy Lima Barbosa. „PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICES AND GROWTH OF ‘PALUMA’ GUAVA UNDER SALINE WATER IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTIGATION“. Revista Caatinga 31, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2018): 808–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n402rc.
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ABSTRACT The cultivation of irrigated guava in semi-arid areas highlights the need for information regarding its responses to irrigation water quality and the fertilization management that enables its exploitation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of water salinity and nitrogen (N) doses on the growth and physiology of the guava cv. ‘Paluma’. The experiments was conducted in drainage lysimeters under field conditions in an experimental area at the Center of Sciences and Agri-Food Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande (CCTA/UFCG), Campus II, in Pombal, PB, Brazil. The experiment had a randomized block design, and treatments consisted of a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement corresponding to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity, ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1), and four N doses (70, 100, 130, and 160% of the recommended N dose). The 100% dose corresponded to 541.1 mg of N dm-3 of soil. Increments in irrigation water salinity from 0.3 dS m-1 led to a reduction in stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration, instantaneous water use efficiency, the number of leaves and branches, stem diameter, and absolute and relative growth rates. Nitrogen doses ranging from 378.7 to 865.7 mg of N dm-3 of soil did not affect gas exchange and plant growth. Although ‘Paluma’ guava growth was affected by increases in water salinity, these plants can be irrigated using water of up to 1.42 dS m-1 with an acceptable reduction of 10% in growth variables. The interaction between irrigation water salinity and N fertilization had no significant effect on any of the variables studied.
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Lele, Saudamini J., Mickie Hamiter, Torrey Louise Fourrier und Cherie-Ann Nathan. „Sialendoscopy With Intraductal Steroid Irrigation in Patients With Sialadenitis Without Sialoliths“. Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 98, Nr. 5 (23.04.2019): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561319841207.
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Sialendoscopy has emerged as a safe, effective and minimally invasive technique for management of obstructive and inflammatory salivary gland disease. The aim of our study was to analyze outcomes of sialendoscopy and steroid irrigation in patients with sialadenitis without sialoliths. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent interventional sialendoscopy with steroid irrigation from 2013 to 2016, for the treatment of sialadenitis without sialolithiasis. Twenty-two patients underwent interventional sialendoscopy with ductal dilation and steroid irrigation for the treatment of sialadenitis without any evidence of sialolithiasis. Conservative measures had failed in all. Eleven patients had symptoms arising from the parotid gland, 4 patients had symptoms arising from the submandibular gland, while 6 patients had symptoms in both parotid and submandibular glands. One patient complained of only xerostomia without glandular symptoms. The mean age of the study group which included 1 male and 21 females was 44.6 years (range: 3-86 years). Four patients had autoimmune disease, while 7 patients had a history of radioactive iodine therapy. No identifiable cause for sialadenitis was found in the remaining 11 patients. The mean follow-up period was 378.9 days (range: 16-1143 days). All patients underwent sialendoscopy with ductal dilation and steroid irrigation. Twelve patients showed a complete response and 9 patients had a partial response, while 1 patient reported no response. Only 3 patients required repeat sialendoscopy. The combination of sialendoscopy with ductal dilation and steroid irrigation is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with sialadenitis without sialoliths refractory to conservative measures. Prospective studies with a larger case series are needed to establish its role as a definitive treatment option.
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S. E., Okosun, Eguaoje A. S. und Obasoyo D. O. „The Performance Characteristics and Economic Evaluation of Weaner Rabbits Fed Varying Levels of Sundried False Yam (Icacina Tricantha) Meal“. International Journal of Applied Science 2, Nr. 1 (18.01.2019): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ijas.v2n1p1.
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A seven week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the growth performance characteristics and economics of production of 15 unsexed weaner rabbits fed varying levels of Sundried false yam (Icacina tricantha) meal. Five treatments diets were formulated with diet 1 containing 100% maize as control, while in diet 2, 3, 4 and 5 Sundried false yam meal replaced the percentage proportion of maize in diet 1 at 25, 50, 75 and 100% inclusion level respectively. Rabbits were randomly assigned to the five treatment diets in a complete randomized designed (CRD) with three replicates of one rabbits each. Performance characteristics revealed that final live weight and weekly feed intake were significantly (P<0.05) influenced with highest value (2.12kg/rabbit and 407.33g/rabbit) recorded from rabbits fed 0% SDFYM comparable to (1.98kg/rabbit and 323.33g/rabbits) recorded in those fed 50% SDFYM. Avearage weekly weight gain was also significantly (P<0.05) influenced with highest value (197.00g/rabbit) from those fed 50% SDFYM. Feed conversion was lowest and best (1.28) from rabbits fed 25% SDFYM. Mortality rate was lowest (3.43%) in rabbits fed 50% SDFYM. Cost and return analysis revealed that total cost of feed consumed was least (378.24 N /rabbits) from those fed 50% SDFYM and highest in control, cost of feed per kg weight gain and total cost of production were lowest (30.50 and 2178.24 N /rabbits) from the rabbits that ate 75% SDFYM and highest in control. Income and net profit were highest (5000 and 1763.36 N /rabbits). It is concluded from this study that Sundried false yam meal is a valuable substitution for maize up to 50% in rabbit diets without any adverse effects on the performance characteristics and economic returns of rabbits.
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Ikeda, R., K. Yoshida, Y. Satou, M. Takahashi, Y. Une, W. Yamamoto, K. Tanimoto, K. Hiyama, Y. Sasaki und M. Nishiyama. „Randomized phase II/III study of docetaxel/S-1 (DS-1) versus CDDP/5FU (FUP) in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer: Updated phase II results“. Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2009): 4595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4595.
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4595 Background: Our previous single arm phase II trial demonstrated that the combination of DS-1 was one of the most powerful candidates to become a standard regimen for metastatic gastric cancer (K. Yoshida, et al: Clin Cancer Res 2006). This trial evaluated DS-1 and FUP in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer, and the primary objective of the phase II part was to evaluate activity and safety of the 2 regimens. Methods: Patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer, who had not received any chemotherapy except one regimen (not including taxanes), were eligible for this trial. Patients were randomized to either: DS-1, intravenous administration of 40 mg/m2 docetaxel on Day1 and oral administration of 80–120 mg/m2/day S-1 on Days 1 to 14 every 3 weeks, or FUP, intravenous continuous administration of 800 mg/m2/day 5-FU on Day 1 to 5 and intravenous administration of 80 mg/m2/day CDDP on Day 2 every 4 weeks. Results: Between June 2005 and August 2008, forty-nine of 54 patients (ECOG PS 0–2) were randomized to DS-1 (n=24) or FUP (n=25). Response rates (CR+PR) assessed by RECIST were 88.3% (CI;62.6–95.3) vs 52.0% (CI; 31.3–72.2, P=0.032), median times to treatment failure (TTF) were 122 days (CI; 75.2–168.8) vs 85 days (CI;67.9–102.1, P=0.003), median progression free survivals (PFS) were 198 days (CI;117.8–278.4) vs 105 days (CI;90.3–119.7, P=0.066). Median overall survival times (MSTs) were 369 days (CI; 359.6–378.4) vs 371 days (CI; 297.2- 444.8, P=0.281), but as of today, 14 pts (8 in DS-1 and 6 in FUP) are still alive. Grade 3/4 adverse events assessed by CTCAE v3.0 occurring in ≥20% patients, were neutropenia (58.3% vs 28.0%), nausea (4.2% vs 20.0%), leucopenia (33.0% vs 4.0%), fatigue (0% vs 20.0%) and anorexia (8.3% vs 32.0%). All treatment-related adverse events were resolved and no toxic death was reported. Conclusions: DS-1 significantly improved the RR and TTF in advanced or recurrent gastric cancer patients. To clarify the survival benefit, a phase III continuation of the study is in preparation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Falconer, Travis M., Louise Tusak, William H. Breidahl und Peter T. Annear. „THE LARS AUGMENTED 4-TUNNEL HAMSTRING “HYBRID” ACLR GRAFT CONSTRUCTION ALLOWS ACCELERATED REHABILITATION WITHOUT KNEE LAXITY — CASE SERIES OF 111 PATIENTS AFTER 2 YEARS“. Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 18, Nr. 04 (Dezember 2015): 1550020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957715500207.
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Purpose: This prospective case series is designed to determine the 2-year clinical and radiological outcomes of patients undergoing an ACL reconstruction using the ligament augmentation reconstruction system (LARS) 133 prosthesis as an augmentation device for a 4-tunnel autologous hamstrings graft, in the context of accelerated rehabilitation. Methods: A total of 91 patients were assessed at 2 years post-operatively after undergoing an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with a doubled semitendinosis and LARS 133 prosthesis for the anteromedial bundle (AMB) and gracilis for the posterolateral bundle. Assessment included clinical review, KT-1000 arthrometry, IKDC, Tegner, Lysholm, Cincinnati and ACL QOL knee scoring, graft failure and re-operation rates. Tunnel positions and synovitis were assessed using gadolinium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and X-rays. Results: This technique in the context of accelerated rehabilitation is not associated with increased knee laxity and failure. There was no increase in knee laxity, with a mean side-to-side difference in KT-1000 arthrometer testing of 0.5[Formula: see text]mm ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] 1.7). Two-year outcomes were satisfactory with 98% of all patients having an IKDC rating of A or B, and mean values of IKDC subjective 86.5 ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] 11.6), Tegner 6.5 ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] 2.0), Lysholm 87.1 ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] 8.9), Cincinnati 378.8 ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] 41.5) and ACL Quality of Life 81.5 ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] 19.3). There was no evidence of synovitis and all tunnels were positioned satisfactorily. The graft failure rate was 1.1% and there was a re-operation rate of 15.4%. Conclusion: We conclude that LARS 133 augmentation of autologous hamstrings ACLR provides a graft construct allowing accelerated rehabilitation without increased knee laxity. It is not associated with significant synovitis within the first two years. Re-operation rates however are higher. The rates at which patients recover and return to life and sports activity following different ACLR graft types appears as a topic of future research interest.
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Huang, S. Y., L. Martin, A. Chin, C. Yeh, H. Murray, R. Mohindra, W. B. Sanderson, T. M. Chan und B. Thoma. „P072: The effect of infographic promotion on research dissemination and readership: a randomized control trial“. CJEM 20, S1 (Mai 2018): S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.270.
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Introduction: With the increasing volume of medical literature published each year, it is difficult for clinicians to translate the latest research into practice. Awareness is the first step of knowledge translation and journals have begun using social media to increase the dissemination and awareness of their publications. Infographics can describe research findings visually, are shared broadly on social media, and may be a more effective way to convey information. We hypothesized that infographic abstracts would increase the social media dissemination and online readership of research articles relative to traditional abstracts. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 24 original research articles were chosen from the six issues of the Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine (CJEM) published between July 2016 and May 2017 (4 articles per issue). Half were randomized to the infographic and control groups within each issue. Infographic articles were promoted using a visual infographic outlining the findings of the article. Control articles were promoted using a screen capture image of each articles abstract. Both were disseminated through the journals social media accounts (Twitter and Facebook) along with the link to the selected article. Infographics were also published on CanadiEM.org. Abstract views, full text views, and the change in Altmetric score were tracked for 30 days and compared between groups. Unpaired two-tailed t-tests were used to detect significant differences. Results: Abstract views (mean, SD) were significantly higher for infographic articles (378.9, 162.0) than control articles (175.5, 69.2, p<0.001). Mean Altmetric scores were significantly higher for infographic articles (26.4, 13.8) than control articles (3.4, 1.7, p<0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in full-text views between infographic (49.7, 90.4) and control articles (25.3, 12.3). Conclusion: CJEM articles promoted on social media using infographics had higher abstract viewership and Altmetric scores than those promoted with traditional abstracts. Although there was no difference in full-text readership, our results suggest that infographic abstracts may have a role in increasing the dissemination of medical literature.
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Rubio, Sarah, Izadora Batista Kuneff, Fernando Soler, Charmaine Espinosa, Liz Koutsos und Eric van Heugten. „PSIV-A-11 Potential of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae frass as a functional ingredient for nursery pigs“. Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_2 (01.05.2024): 363–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae102.415.
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Abstract Frass is the leftover material from the production of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), which includes chitin-containing exoskeleton shedding, small, processed larvae, leftover dietary substrate, and larvae excrement. A total of 120 nursery pigs (initial body weight of 6.85 ± 0.10 kg) weaned at 21 d of age were used in a 6-wk study to evaluate the effect of increasing dietary levels of frass on growth performance, diarrhea score, and serological indices. Pigs were randomly assigned within sex and body weight blocks to 1 of 3 dietary treatments using 30 pens (4 pigs/pen; 10 replicates/treatment). Diets were prepared from a common basal and fed in 3 dietary phases of 2 wk each and included: 1) a control diet based primarily on corn and soybean meal; 2) the control with 3% added frass; and 3) the control with 6% added frass. On d 4, 7, and 14, individual fecal samples were obtained using fecal loops and were evaluated on a scale of 1 to 5 representing hard, normal, soft, watery soft, and watery liquid feces, respectively. Blood samples were collected on d 42 from 1 median pig per pen for the analysis of serum chemistry. Data were analyzed using the mixed model procedures as a randomized complete block design using linear and quadratic contrast comparisons to determine the effects of frass. Supplementation of frass linearly increased average daily gain (ADG) from d 7 to 14 (P = 0.044; 347.9, 378.8, and 396.8 g/d for 0, 3, and 6% frass, respectively), and tended to linearly increase ADG during Phase 1 (P = 0.079; 265.1, 284.8, and 298.6 g/d). No differences were observed for final body weight (P ≥ 0.146; 29.90, 31.48, and 30.70 kg for 0, 3, and 6% frass, respectively), and overall ADG, average daily feed intake (ADFI), or gain to feed ratio (G:F). Diarrhea scores increased (P < 0.001) from d 4 (2.96) to d 7 (4.20) and then decreased (P < 0.001) on d 14 (3.69). Inclusion of frass at 6% had a decreased diarrhea score compared with 3% frass on d 7 (P = 0.029), but pigs fed 6% frass had a greater diarrhea score (P = 0.038) than pigs fed the control diet on d 14. However, scores were indicative of diarrhea for all treatments on d 7 and 14. Serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, urea N, creatinine, glucose, Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Cl, triglycerides, amylase, cholesterol, and creatine phosphokinase measured on d 42 were not different (P > 0.093) between treatments. All serological analytical results were generally within normal expected ranges. In conclusion, these findings suggest that dietary inclusion of frass may improve growth performance of nursery pigs, especially during the early stages of the nursery period.
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Scacchi, Massimo, Angela I. Pincelli, Andrea Caumo, Paolo Tomasi, Giuseppe Delitala, Gabriella Baldi und Francesco Cavagnini. „Spontaneous Nocturnal Growth Hormone Secretion in Anorexia Nervosa“. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 82, Nr. 10 (01.10.1997): 3225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.82.10.4275.
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Abstract In anorexia nervosa, serum GH levels are increased under basal conditions and respond abnormally to provocative stimuli. We report here, for the first time, an analysis of pulsatile GH secretion in these patients performed by Cluster algorithm. Seven anorectic and six normal weight, healthy women underwent serial blood sampling at 20-min intervals from 2030–0830 h for GH estimation. The total area under the curve (AUC; micrograms per L/min) was elevated 4-fold in anorectic patients compared to controls (4743.0 ± 1520.09 vs. 1148.6 ± 519.27; P < 0.01), largely due to an increase in the nonpulsatile fraction (3212.5 ± 990.45 vs. 378.7 ± 123.27; P < 0.01). Accordingly, the valley mean value was higher in anorectic than in control subjects (5.9 ± 2.25 vs. 1.0 ± 1.30 μg/L; P < 0.01). Furthermore, pulsatile AUC was also greater in anorectic patients (1530.4 ± 654.72 vs. 769.8 ± 404.02; P < 0.01) due to a significant increase in GH peak frequency (5.0 ± 0.81 vs. 3.0 ± 0.89; P < 0.01). No correlations were observed in these patients between body mass index and any of the parameters of spontaneous GH release, whereas a positive correlation was found between insulin-like growth factor I levels and pulsatile AUC (r2 = 0.583; P < 0.05), peak height (r2 = 0.743; P = 0.01), peak increment (r2 = 0.801; P < 0.01), and GH valley mean (r2 = 0.576; P < 0.05). In conclusion, it appears that the enhanced GH secretion in anorexia nervosa is the result of an increased frequency of secretory pulses superimposed on enhanced tonic GH secretion. Although this latter is consistent with a reduction of hypothalamic SRIH tone, the former may be accounted for by an increased number of GHRH discharges. Considering that in normal weight and obese subjects parameters of GH release are negatively correlated with adiposity indexes, the lack of such a negative correlation in our patients suggests that the enhancement of spontaneous GH release in anorectic patients is not merely the consequence of malnutrition-dependent impairment of insulin-like growth factor I production, but reflects a more complex hypothalamic dysregulation of GH release.
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Cupp, Andrea S., Sarah Nafziger, Mohamed Abedal-Majed, Sarah Tenley, Mariah Hart, Alexandria Snider, Jeff Bergman et al. „206 Attainment and maintenance of pubertal cyclicity may predict high A4 cows with reduced fertility“. Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (Juli 2019): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.210.
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Abstract The UNL physiology herd has a population of cows that secrete excess androstenedione (A4) in follicular fluid. These High A4 cows are less fertile, have irregular cycles, are often anovulatory, and have similar characteristics to women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Ovarian cortex cultures of High A4 cows secrete more A4 than controls. High A4 cows reached puberty 45 d earlier than control cows. Thus, we hypothesized that heifers reaching puberty earlier were predisposed to become High A4 cows. To test this hypothesis, we collected blood plasma from weaning to breeding (2012–2017) in 611 heifers. A custom SAS program was developed using progesterone >1ng/ml to identify four distinct puberty groups: 1) Early Puberty- 317.0 ± 3.6 days of age (doa) with continued cyclicity (n = 143); 2) Typical Puberty- 378.4 ± 2.1 doa with continued cyclicity (n = 279); 3) Start-Stop Puberty- 265.3 ± 4.1 doa with discontinued cyclicity (n = 91); and 4) Non-Cycling- no P4≥1ng/ml (n = 98). The pattern of Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) was increased prior to puberty in Early and Typical and reduced in Start-Stop and Non-Cycling heifers. Early heifers (4.9) had greater prebreeding reproductive tract scores, followed by Typical (4.7), Start-Stop (4.5), and Non-Cycling (4.0) heifers. At breeding, all heifers that showed estrus in response to PGF2a were artificially inseminated. Typical (78.9%), Early (79.5%) and Start-Stop heifers (50.3%) had a greater response compared to Non-Cycling heifers (12.6%). All heifers were exposed to bulls, and overall pregnancy rate was not different. However, a greater percentage of Typical (57.9%), Early (51.0%), and Start-Stop (45.2%) heifers calved in the first 21 d of the calving season compared to Non-Cycling (20.9%). Start-Stop (3.0ng/ml) and Non-Cycling (4.2ng/ml) heifers had increased A4 in ovarian cortex culture media compared to Typical (0.062ng/ml) or Early (0.091ng/ml) puberty heifers. Greater A4 produced by ovarian cortex of Start-Stop and Non-Cycling heifers, irregular cycles and reduced calves in the first 21 d indicates these females may be predisposed to becoming High A4 cows with decreased fertility.
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Biswas, Mitra, Syma Akter, Beauty Begum und Salma Khatun. „Correlation between Colposcopic Findings and Histopathological Results from Colposcopy Directed Biopsy in VIA(+VE) Cases“. Annals of International Medical and Dental Research 9, Nr. 3 (Juni 2023): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.3.7.
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Background: Cervical cancer is a major global health problem, with a high burden in developing countries. Early detection and management of precancerous conditions, such as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), can help to prevent the development of cervical cancer. Colposcopy, which involves the visualization of the cervix through optical instruments, is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of cervical abnormalities. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between colposcopy findings and histopathological results in cases where visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) was positive. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology, Institute of Child and Mother Health, Matuail, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was 1 year, from November 2017 to October 2018. Participants were recruited from the hospital’s gynecology outpatient department and included 95 women who had a positive VIA test. A Purposive consecutive sampling method was followed for the selection of the participants. Results: The study included 95 patients in Bangladesh who had a positive VIA test. The age distribution of the patients ranged from 25 to 60 years, with a mean age of 35.89±8.88 years. The majority of patients (85.3%) had acetowhite areas, followed by 11 (11.5%) punctuation and 3 (3.2%) mixed (acetowhite area and mosaicism). Histopathological findings revealed that one-third (33.6%) of patients had chronic cervicitis, with 36 (378.8%) having moderate dysplasia, 16 (16.8%) having mild dysplasia, 7 (7.5%) having invasive carcinoma, and 4 (4.2%) having chronic cervicitis with sq. metaplasia. Among the cases, the comparison between colposcopy-directed biopsy results and Colposcopy findings. It was observed that more than one-fourth of 24(29.7%) patients were chronic cervicitis in pure acetowhite area, 8(72.7%) in punctuation, and all patients were mild dysplasia in mixed (acetowhite area and mosaicism). Among 81 patients 53 patients presented with pre-cancerous lesions. The difference was statically significant (p<0.05) in the study patients. Conclusion: Colposcopy, which involves the visualization of the cervix through optical instruments, was found to be an effective tool for the diagnosis of cervical abnormalities in these cases. These findings highlight the importance of colposcopy as a diagnostic tool for cervical abnormalities, particularly in resource-limited settings where access to other screening methods may be limited.
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Voskaridou, Ersi, Antonios Tsoutsias, George Tsetsos, Evgenia Spyropoulou und Evangelos Terpos. „The Serum Levels of N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) Is a Strong Indicator of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Sickle Cell/Beta Thalassemia.“ Blood 108, Nr. 11 (16.11.2006): 1207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1207.1207.
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Abstract Echocardiography studies have reported that approximately 30% of screened adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have pulmonary hypertension (PH) defined as systolic pulmonary artery pressures of ≥ 35 mm Hg or regurgitant jet velocity value (TRV) of ≥ 2.5 m/sec. PH is increasingly observed in SCD and thalassemia. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the putatively inactive amino-terminal fragment of proBNP (NT-proBNP) are produced by the cleavage of proBNP, which is secreted from the ventricles during pressure strain. The serum concentration of NT-proBNP is considered as one of the strongest independent predictors for survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of PH in correlation with hemolytic findings and NT-proBNP levels in 73 patients with HbS/beta-thalassemia (HbS/β-thal; thal 0: 44 pts and thal +: 29 pts). The presence of PH was evaluated by using Doppler echocardiography and applying the modified Bernoulli equation (pulmonary artery systolic pressure=4V2 +right atrial pressure). Exclusion criteria of this study include: evidence of left ventricular failure, vaso-occlussive crisis during the last 15 days, atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia, mitral value regurtitation (MVR) >2/4+ or mitral value stenosis, and severe pericardial perfusion. In all pts we measured Hb, leukocyte, platelet, and reticulocyte counts, LDH, bilirubin, ferritin, creatinine, and Hb F. NT-proBNP levels were evaluated using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany). Thirty-six patients (49%) were on hydroxyurea administration for a median time of 9 years. Nineteen patients (26%) had PH and experienced mild symptoms, such as fatigue or dyspnea on slight exertion. The administration of hydroxyurea did not affect the presence of PH. Patients with PH had elevated values of NT-pro BNP, reticulocyte counts and serum ferritin and a borderline increase of HbF compared with non PH patients (table). Even patients without PH had elevated concentrations of NT-proBNP compared with 20 controls of similar age and gender (mean±SD for controls: 48.1±22.1 pg/mL; p<0.0001). The results of this ongoing study have shown that the frequency of PH in our cohort of HbS/beta-thal patients is similar with that observed in patients with SCD. Serum NT-proBNP is a strong indicator of PH in this cohort of hemoglobinopathy patients. Furthermore, the correlation between PH with reticulocyte counts and ferritin suggests that the degree of hemolysis and iron overload is implicated in the pathogenesis of PH in HbS/beta-thal. Parameter Patients with PH (n=19) Patients without PH (n=54) p-value Age (median; range) 40 ± 10.4 38 ± 12.6 Gender (n) 11M/8F 17M/37F On hydroxyurea (n) 12 (33.3%) 24 (66.6%) 0.23 NT-proBNP (pg/mL; mean ± SD) 486.8 ± 126.8 261.7 ± 139.6 <0.01 Hb (g/dL; mean ± SD) 9.0 ± 1.5 8.9 ± 1.6 0.31 Retics (x1000/mm3) (mean ± SD) 239 ± 88 170 ± 61 0.01 LDH (U/L; mean ± SD) 779.6 ± 378.1 780.7 ± 352.9 0.76 Bilirubin (mg/dL; mean ± SD) 2.3 ± 1.8 2.4 ± 1.6 0.51 Creatinine (mg/dL; mean ± SD) 0.8 ± 0.1 0.8 ± 0.3 0.37 Ferritin (μg/L; mean ± SD) 1204.5 ± 1159.7 508.7 ± 599.1 0.02 HbF (%) 16.2 ± 8.0 13.5 ± 10.1 0.07
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Gariépy, Catherine, Ashutosh Lal und Ellen Fung. „Reduced Physical Activity In Adult and Pediatric Patients with Thalassemia“. Blood 116, Nr. 21 (19.11.2010): 5174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.5174.5174.
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Abstract Abstract 5174 The U.S. Government's “2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans” recommends children perform at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activities (PA) a day while the recommendation for adults is 30 minutes per day at least 5 days a week. As fewer Americans meet these guidelines, it is unknown where patients with thalassemia (Thal) stand. Based on anecdotal evidence, it is assumed that patients with Thal have decreased PA due to their severe anemia and cardiomyopathies secondary to iron overload. However, there is a paucity of objective data on physical activity patterns in Thal. The primary objective of this prospective observational study is to examine PA patterns in a small group of representative patients with Thal using a 3-dimensional accelerometer, compared to age-matched national reference data. Additionally we will explore the relationship between PA and body composition. Methods: Nine pediatric (4 M; 13.8 ± 1.7 yrs) and 10 adult (6M, 31.0 ± 8.4 yrs) patients were provided an Actigraph GT3X accelerometer to wear for 7 days on 2 separate occasions, 3 months apart. Partial results from the baseline measurement will be presented here. Accelerometer output, defined as counts or records of acceleration, was valid if the patient wore the Actigraph for >10 hrs/day for at least 3 weekdays and 1 weekend day. Based on published criteria using mean counts per minute, time spent in sedentary, moderate and vigorous physical activity intensity was compared to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2003–2004 and to the 2008 PA guidelines. Whole body lean and fat mass was assessed by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. Lean mass index (LMI = kg/m2) Z-score was calculated and compared to national averages from the NHANES study. Results: Preliminary results show that Thal are less active than their healthy counterparts. Adults with Thal spend less time in vigorous intensity activities compared to the pediatric patients (p<0.05). Both groups spend more sedentary time per day than their age-matched reference group (Adult Male Thal: 9.3± 0.8 vs. NHANES: 7.2±0.13 hrs/day; Females: 12.1± 5.2 vs. 7.5±0.9 hrs/day, Pediatric Female Thal: 12.1±0.4 vs. 7.7±0.08 hrs/day). The mean counts per minute in Thal was less than in their healthy counterparts (Adult Male Thal: 211 ± 27.4 vs. NHANES: 385.7 counts/min; Adult Female: 282 ± 73.5 vs. 378.1±17.6 counts/min; Pediatric Female: 170 ± 82 vs. 309.7± 5 counts/min) indicating less overall PA. Only 12.5% of Thal met the PA guidelines for moderate and vigorous intensity PA for their age. LMI Z-scores were significantly lower than reference data for both pediatric and adult patients (p<0.001) indicating lower lean mass than in the general population. There appears to be a relationship between lean mass and physical activity but more patients will be needed to assess this relationship. In conclusion, we have shown that Thal are less physically active and have significantly reduced muscle mass compared to the general US population. Physical activity may improve patients' quality of life (reduce depression, pain, improve sleep) and reduce comorbidities associated with the disease (muscle wasting, low bone mass, diabetes). However, more research is needed with larger samples to relate these measures of PA with functional patient outcomes. This research was funded in part by a grant from the Cooley's Anemia Foundation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kataoka, Keisuke, Yasuhito Nannya, Hiroshi Iwata, Sachiko Seo, Keiki Kumano, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Ryozo Nagai und Mineo Kurokawa. „Plasma Brain Natriuretic Peptide Is Associated with Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease and Early Mortality After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.“ Blood 114, Nr. 22 (20.11.2009): 3348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3348.3348.
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Abstract Abstract 3348 Poster Board III-236 Introduction: Fluid retention is usually the first sign and characteristic feature of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD), a life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Because brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a 32-amino-acid neurohormone synthesized in ventricular myocardium and secreted in response to volume expansion, we hypothesized that plasma BNP concentrations indicate onset and/or severity of VOD and serve as a prognostic marker after HSCT. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis to see if plasma BNP is associated with VOD and early mortality after allogeneic HSCT. This analysis included 33 consecutive adult patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT at our institution between February 2008 and February 2009. Plasma BNP concentrations (normal range < 18.4 pg/mL) were measured once before transplantation for routine workup and weekly after transplantation, using fluorescence enzyme immunoassay. The diagnosis of VOD was based on modified Seattle criteria and the severity of VOD was defined according to the established criteria. Results: A total of 7 (21.2%) patients died before day 100, and 12 (36.3%) patients developed VOD (mild to moderate in 6 and severe in 6) between 1 and 15 days (median, 9.5 days) after transplantation. Plasma BNP concentrations were similar before and on day 0 between patients with and without VOD, but significantly increased on day 7 and later in those with VOD. Peak plasma BNP concentrations before engraftment in patients with VOD were significantly elevated compared with those without VOD (median values, 1686.9 pg/mL (range, 459.5 – 10390.9 pg/mL) vs. 87.6 pg/mL (14.3 – 378.8 pg/mL); P = 0.01). Comparison across the severity of VOD revealed that peak plasma BNP concentrations before engraftment were significantly higher in patients with severe VOD than in those with mild to moderate VOD (3678.0 pg/mL (2486.2 – 10390.9 pg/mL) vs. 525.1 pg/mL (459.5 – 887.5 pg/mL); P = 0.02). As most patients presented VOD before day 14, we investigated the impact of plasma BNP on early mortality using peak plasma BNP concentrations before day 14. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed a BNP cutoff value of ≥ 380 pg/mL could effectively differentiate nonsurvivors from survivors at day 100, with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 84.6%. Actually, survival at day 100 in patients with peak plasma BNP concentrations of ≥ 380 pg/mL was significantly worse than that in patients with peak plasma BNP concentrations of < 380 pg/mL (40.0% vs. 95.7%; P < 0.01). Because plasma BNP concentrations can be increased in various diseases including heart failure and sepsis, we investigated the associations between plasma BNP concentrations and these conditions. There was no significant difference in peak plasma BNP concentrations before engraftment between patients with and without documented infection (P = 0.72). With respect to cardiac function, pretransplant left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) showed no correlation with peak plasma BNP concentrations before engraftment (r = -0.09; P = 0.63). In 6 patients whose peak BNP concentrations were ≥ 1000 pg/mL, cardiac performance was normal or slightly reduced (LVEF ≥ 50%) in 4 patients and moderately deteriorated (LVEF 30 - 50%) in 2 patients when they had peak plasma BNP concentrations. Conclusion: We found plasma BNP concentrations are elevated in patients with VOD and associated with the severity of VOD and mortality at day 100, irrespective of pretransplant cardiac function and coexistence of documented infection. These findings suggest that plasma BNP may represent a prognostic marker of VOD and could offer a valuable tool toward therapeutic interventions. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Ji, Lili, Yanxia Zhan, Feng Li, Luya Cheng, Shanhua Zou, Pu Chen und Yunfeng Cheng. „Treg Subtypes Alteration in Patients with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia“. Blood 128, Nr. 22 (02.12.2016): 2551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2551.2551.
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Abstract Background: Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune heterogeneous disorder that Treg cells were numerically or functionally deficient1-3. It was shown that human FoxP3+CD4+ T cells were composed of three phenotypically and functionally distinct subpopulations: CD45RA+FoxP3lo resting Treg cells (rTreg cells, group I) and CD45RA-FoxP3hi activated Treg cells (aTreg cells, group II), and CD45RA-FoxP3lo non-suppressive Treg cells (group III) 4. Our current study was aimed to determine whether the subtypes alterated in ITP patients or not. Methods: Ten healthy volunteers (normal contral, NC) and 15 newly diagnosed ITP patients (platelet below 30×109/L) donated 2mL peripheral blood to test the percentages of peripheral Treg cells subtypes by Flow Cytometry (FCM) before and after first-line glucocorticoid treatment. Among them, 10 NCs and 9 ITP patients donated additional 20mL peripheral before treatment for Treg cells subtypes functional study. CD4+CD25-Teffs and CD4+CD25+Tregs were purified. CD4+CD25-Teffs, labeled with CFSE, were cultured with Tregs for 5 days. Treg cells subtypes and their IL-10 fluorescence intensity were determined by FCM. Results: After treatment, 9 patients got complete or partial remission (ITP R), while the other 6 patiests were evaluated as non-remission (ITP NR). Before treatment, group I rTreg cells in ITP R pre ((11.77±4.71)%, p=0.0048)or ITP NR pre ((10.30±4.29)%, ,p=0.0071) patients were both lower than NC (21.71±7.61)%. As to group II aTreg cells, the percentage in ITP R pre (4.04±2.09)% was higher than NC ((1.40±0.69)%, p=0.0008) or ITP NR pre ((2.17±0.78)%, p=0.0339), and there was no statistic difference between NC and ITP NR pre (p=0.0652). The non-suppressive group III Treg cells was higher in ITP R pre ((84.07±4.93)%, p=0.0185) and ITP NR pre ((84.25±7.92)%, p=0.0090), when compared to NC (75.82±7.83)%. After treatment, the subtypes in ITP R (ITP R post) were group I (14.69±5.74)%, group II (4.18±2.67)%, and group III (81.01±5.66)%, none of them had statistic difference when compared with ITP R pre. In the term of ITP NR patients, the treatment also didn't change the subtypes alteration (group I (10.41±6.16)%, group II (2.69±2.09)%, and group III (86.71±5.25)% in ITP NR post). In the co-culture study, ITP patients' Treg cells subtypes altered in the same pattern. That is decreased group I (NC (21.67±10.71)%, ITP (8.94±8.38), p=0.0222), increased group II (NC (7.94±3.49)%, ITP (13.89±7.13)%, p=0.0327), and increased group III (NC (59.9±14.37)%, ITP (77.17±9.31)%, p=0.0330). When we looked into the IL-10 producing capacity (represented by the mean fluorescence intensity, MFI) of each subtypes, the group II Tregs cells produced the most IL-10 in NC (group I (636.5±378.8), group II (3012.0±3165.3), and group III (834.3±1365.4), p=0.0463) as well as ITP (group I (385.5±416.9), group II (3934.6±3633.3), and group III (556.0±416.6), p=0.0007). However, there were no statistic difference between NC and ITP in terms of IL-10 MFI. Conclusions: Tregs cells subtypes percentage altered when ITP occurred. The increased group II aTreg cells may forecast the better glucocorticoid treatment efficacy. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Iyer, Renuka, Sahithi Sonti, Devalingam Mahalingam, Sarbajit Mukherjee, Sayan Chakraborty, Kristopher Attwood, Anthony George, Orla Maguire, Hans Minderman und Christos Fountzilas. „Abstract CT210: Phase Ib/II study of sorafenib (SOR) and pembrolizumab (PEM) in patients (pts) with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)“. Cancer Research 84, Nr. 7_Supplement (05.04.2024): CT210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-ct210.
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Abstract Background: SOR is an active agent and has favorable immunomodulatory effects in HCC. Combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors with SOR may enhance effector T-cell function and lead to improved clinical outcomes for patients with HCC. We tested this hypothesis in an open-label, multicenter study of SOR and PEM in patients with advanced HCC. Methods: Pts with advanced or metastatic HCC, CP Class A, ECOG PS of 0/1 were included. One prior therapy was allowed. Pts were treated with SOR alone for 4 weeks (lead-in) at a stable dose (minimum 200 BID), followed by SOR plus PEM 200mg IV q3 weeks. The phase Ib part included the first 6 pts who completed the SOR lead-in and began SOR+PEM. Treatment continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Disease assessment was performed q6 weeks using the RECIST 1.1 criteria. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). The study used an exact one-stage design. With 27 evaluable pts, the study had 80% power to detect an ORR ≥20% with SOR/PEM vs. 5% with SOR alone (a=0.05). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected at baseline and on-treatment for correlative analyses (flow cytometry). Results: Of the 37 total pts enrolled, 27 were evaluable (9 female). Median age was 68 years. Forty-four percent of the pts had viral hepatitis. Four pts were pre-treated with atezolizumab/bevacizumab (n=3) or tivozanib/durvalumab (n=1). The ORR was 33% (95% CI: 18 - 52%) p= 0.08. Best response was PR in 9 patients (33%), 12 patients SD (44%), and 6 (22%) had PD. One patient had a near CR. Median progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 4.8 (95% CI: 3.4 - 16.3) and 28.5 (95% CI: 15.2 - 57.7) months respectively. Fifty-two percent of patients had a decrease in AFP >50%. One atezolizumab/bevacizumab pretreated pt with progressive disease as best response had a near-complete response to SOR+PEM. The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) in the safety population (n=37) were hypertension (16%), immune-related AEs (11%), fatigue (8%) and diarrhea (8%). CD8+ T-cells increased by 5.5% (-35.6 - 36.9%; p=0.035) and Tregs decreased by 14.73% (-378.6 - 61%, p=0.049) from baseline to C1D1. The increase in activated Tregs prior to PEM initiation was associated with worse OS (HR: 1.8, p=0.03) while a higher Teff/Treg at C1D1 (prior to PEM initiation) was associated with improved PFS (HR: 0.4, p=0.036). An increase in the percentage of Tregs between baseline and C4D1 was associated with worse PFS (HR: 2; p=0.03). Conclusions: SOR+PEM is a safe and active treatment for pts with advanced HCC. The results of our study confirm the favorable immunomodulatory effects of SOR and support further exploration of this regimen for patients with advanced HCC. Further tissue and blood correlative analyses are ongoing. NCT03211416. Citation Format: Renuka Iyer, Sahithi Sonti, Devalingam Mahalingam, Sarbajit Mukherjee, Sayan Chakraborty, Kristopher Attwood, Anthony George, Orla Maguire, Hans Minderman, Christos Fountzilas. Phase Ib/II study of sorafenib (SOR) and pembrolizumab (PEM) in patients (pts) with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr CT210.
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Butta, Nora, Monica Martín Salces, Raquel De Paz, Ihosvany Fernandez Bello, María Teresa Álvarez Román, María Isabel Rivas Pollmar, Miguel Canales und Victor Jiménez Yuste. „Haemostasis Impairment in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes with Normal Platelet Counts“. Blood 126, Nr. 23 (03.12.2015): 5225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5225.5225.
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Abstract Background: Bleeding complications can have serious outcomes in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and are usually related to thrombocytopaenia. In a recent work we demonstrated that platelets from MDS have impaired capacity to respond to agonist stimulation and exposed more phosphatidylserine (PS) than those from healthy controls whichever their platelet count was (Martin et al, Thromb Haemost., 2013;109:909-19). The exposure of PS in the outer layer of cell membranes supports coagulation through enhanced formation of the tenase (factors IXa, VIIIa and X) and prothrombinase (factors Xa, Va and prothrombin) complexes and thrombin generation. So, the possibility exists that these processes are increased in these patients. Objectives: The aim of this work was to study whether thrombus formation and thrombin generation is impaired in MDS patients with normal platelet count employing global coagulation tests thromboelastrometry (ROTEM) and Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT). Methods: Thirty-one MDS patients with normal platelet count and twenty healthy controls were included. Citrated blood was centrifuged at 152 g 10 min at 23°C for obtaining platelet rich plasma (PRP) and at 1,500 g for 15 min at 23°C for platelet-poor plasma (PPP). For ROTEM and CAT experiments, PRP was adjusted to a platelet count of 25 x 109/L. Aliquots for ROTEM assay were tested within the two hours after obtaining blood samples. For CAT experiments, adjusted PRP and PPP aliquots were stored at -70ºC until analysis. Kinetics of clot formation, non-activated ROTEM was performed on adjusted PRP. Clotting time (CT, time from start of measurement until initiation of clotting [in seconds], alpha angle, which reflects the rate of fibrin polymerisation (tangent to the curve at 2-mm amplitude [in degrees]), and maximum clot firmness, which reflects the maximum tensile strength of the thrombus (MCF, [in mm]), were recorded. Thrombin generation was measured in adjusted PRP without any trigger and in PPP with 1 pM tissue factor and 4 µM phospholipids (PPP-Reagent LOW, Thrombinoscope BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands) as trigger. Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP, the total amount of thrombin generated over time); the lag time (the time to the beginning of the explosive burst of thrombin generation); the peak height of the curve (the maximum thrombin concentration produced); and the time to the peak were evaluated. Platelet activation was determined by PAC1 (BD, Madrid, Spain) binding after stimulation with 100 μM thrombin receptor-activating peptide 6 (TRAP, Bachem, Switzerland) and surface PS through Annexin-V binding and flow cytometry analyses. Results: Platelets from MDS patients had a reduced response to TRAP stimulation (control= 12016+6384 arbitrary units; MDS= 5829+3704 arbitrary units) and exposed more PS than controls (control= 362.1+80.5 MF; MDS= 378.5+173.5 MF). ROTEM experiments showed kinetic parameters corresponding to a hipocoagulable profile (CT: control= 550+95 sec, MDS= 922+216 sec, p<0.01; alpha angle control= 62.8+4.3, MDS= 47.5+6.0, p<0.05; A5: control= 29.8+3.2, MDS= 24.2+5.8, p<0.05 whereas MCF was similar to controls (control= 46.7+3.1mm, MDS= 47.5+4.3 mm). In order to evaluate whether the impaired clot formation was due to a reduction in plasma-associated thrombin generation, CAT experiments were performed in PPP samples. No differences were found between MDS patients and control group (ETP: control=1223.4+257.8 nMxmin, MDS= 1224.4+344 .1 nMxmin; peak: control= 279.5+54.7nM, MDS= 265.9+64.1 nM). On the other hand, when thrombin generation experiments were performed in adjusted PRP, ETP and peak values were lower than in control group (ETP: control=1574.8+430.5 nMxmin, MDS= 1167.4+354 nMxmin,p<0.05; peak: control= 225.6+82.9 nM, MDS= 266.9+92.2 nM, p<0.05). Conclusions: Platelet dysfunction might be resposible of bleeding complications observed in patients with MDS with normal platelet counts. Increment in PS exposure on platelet surface did not seem to compensate impairment in platelet function. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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DE Abreu Trigueros, P., S. Cabrera-Villalba, P. Melgarejo, Z. Morel, L. Roman, A. Ramagli, A. Amarilla et al. „AB0446 SAFETY OF BIOLOGICAL THERAPIES: DATA FROM THE BIOBADAGUAY REGISTRY“. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30.05.2023): 1412.2–1413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.5158.
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BackgroundBIOBADAGUAY is the Paraguayan/Uruguayan registry of adverse events (AE) in patients with inflammatory rheumatic conditions under biologic therapy (BT).ObjectivesDetermine the frequency and severity of AE of patients under BT in the BIOBADAGUAY registry.MethodsProspective, observational study of undetermined length to verify the efficacy, safety, and survival of the BT. The methodology applied is available athttps://biobadaguay.ser.es. For the present study epidemiological and clinical variables, BT, type, and severity of AE were analyzed. The incidence rate (IR) was calculated as the total number of adverse events per 1000 patients/year and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) was analyzed using the Poisson regression model. (Significance value 0,05)Results1104 patients with TB were analyzed, between 2016 and 2022. 73.28% were women, mean age at treatment initiation was 42±17.1 years. The most frequent diagnosis was rheumatoid arthritis (RA): 686 patients (62.4%). There were 1375 treatment cycles. 1365 AE were observed, 1191 (87.2%) were non-severe, 161 (11.8%) severe and 13 (0.95%) mortal. The IR of AE was 251.75 (238.6-265.8), for severe AE 32.1 (27.5-37.2). Infection was the most frequent AE in 731/1365 (55% of total AA): non-severe 661 (88%), 86 (11.5%) severe and 4 (0.5%) mortal. The IR of infections was 138.4 (126.69-265.47), 32.1 (27.48-37.2%) for severe infections. When analyzing the IR of AE according to diagnosis, it was observed that RA is associated with a higher IR of global AE when compared to other diagnoses (IRR=1.35 [95% CI,1.1-1.7] p=0.0088), and severe AE (IRR=1.72 [95% CI,1.2-2.5] p=0.006). Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were associated with lower overall IR of global AE: IRR=0.57 [95% CI,0.4-0.9] (p=0.007) and IRR=0.66 [95% CI,0.5-1] (p=0.04), respectively. corticosteroid use was associated with a higher global AE IR (IRR=1.46 [95% CI,1.2-1.8] p=0.0009). When IR was analyzed according to severity, it was observed that the second and subsequent cycles of BT were significantly associated with a higher IR of global and non-severe AE compared to the first cycle of BT (Table 1). Treatment with anti-TNF was significantly associated with lower IR of global and mortal AE compared to non-anti-TNF (Table 1).INCIDENCE RATE OF ADVERSE EVENTS ACCORDING TO SEVERITYFirst CycleFollow CyclesAdverse EventIncidence RateIncidence RateIncidence Rate RatioPGlobal233.22(219.28, 247.80)339.2(303.1, 378.3)1.45(1.14, 1.85)0.0024Not Serious201.27(188.34, 214.85)306.50(272.29, 343,82)1.52(1.18, 1.197)0.0014Serious30.16(25.26, 35.69)27.39(17.89, 40.13)0.91(0.55, 1.51)0.7101Mortal1.79(0,77, 3.52)5.27(1.71, 12,29)2.95(0.96-9.56)0,0588Non-antiTNFAntiTNFAdverse EventIncidence RateIncidence RateIRRPGlobal306.31(276.92, 337.98)234.63(220.09, 249.88)0,77(0.61, 0.97)0,0262Not Serious261.56(234.46, 290.94)206.54(192.91, 220.88)0.79(0.61, 1.02)0.0695Serious38.58(28.63, 50.86)26.88(22.11, 32.37)0,70 (0.47, 1.04)0,0758Mortal6.17(2.66, 12.16)1.21(0.39, 2.83)0.20(0.06, 2.83)0.0043ConclusionAE were in general non-severe, and infections were the most frequent. RA and concomitant treatment corticosteroid presented a higher IRR of global AE, whereas PsA and AS a lower IRR of AE. Second and Subsequent cycles of BT presented a higher IRR of global an AE. The RA diagnosis presented a higher rate of severe AE.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsPALOMA DE ABREU TRIGUEROS Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Sonia Cabrera-Villalba Grant/research support from: Casa Boller Roche, Patricia Melgarejo Grant/research support from: Casa Boller Roche, ZOILO MOREL Grant/research support from: Casa Boller- Roche, Lourdes Roman Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, ALICIA RAMAGLI: None declared, Angelica Amarilla Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Cristina Brunengo Cairus: None declared, Gonzalo Bartesaghi Moreno: None declared, Evelyn Leiva Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Mariela Zarza Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Roger Rolón Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Paola Pusineri Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Clyde PArodi Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Vannia Valinotti Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, CYNTHIA VEGA Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Magali Zanotti Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche, Sandra Consani-Fernández: None declared, Gabriela Avila Grant/research support from: Casa Boller -Roche.
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Pieri, Lisa, Paola Guglielmelli, Massimo Primignani, Cecilia Brambilla, Maria Luigia Randi, Claudia Santarossa, Mario Cazzola et al. „Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis Associated With Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. A Study Of The IWG-MRT In 475 Subjects“. Blood 122, Nr. 21 (15.11.2013): 1582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.1582.1582.
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Abstract Philadelphia-negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) include Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) and Myelofibrosis Primary (PMF) and secondary to PV and ET (PPV-, PET-MF); included are also some less characterized entities defined as unclassified MPN (U-MPN). Risk of arterial and venous thrombosis is increased in MPN patients, and thrombosis is one of most important causes of mortality and morbidity. The risk of venous thrombosis in unusual sites, such as splanchnic vessels (SVT), is particularly associated with MPN; SVT can lead to complications such as portal hypertension, esophageal and gastric varices, ascites and hepatic failure. A recent meta-analysis reported that a MPN is the underlying cause of portal vein thrombosis in 31.5% and of Budd Chiari syndrome in 40.9% of cases (Smalberg, 2012). A significant association of SVT with JAK2V617F mutated MPN was reported (Dentali, 2009) but study of other correlations has been hampered by heterogeneity of available patient cohorts comprising relatively small number of cases. We conducted a retrospective multicenter study collecting clinical and biological data of patients (pts) with SVT associated with MPN diagnosed according to WHO2008 criteria, aiming to describe patients’ characteristics, trends and prognostic factors, and their potential implications for clinical practice. Data were collected from 15 international hematology centers in the framework of IWG-MRT. We collected 475 cases of pts with portal, splenic or mesenteric vein thrombosis (75.2%) or Budd Chiari syndrome (24.8%) associated with MPN. In 32% of cases, simultaneous involvement of portal (69.1% of total thrombosis), splenic (30.5%) and mesenteric (25.3%) veins occurred, and in 1.7% they were associated with Budd Chiari syndrome. Frequency of MPN subtype: 38.1% ET (n=181), 34.9% PV (n=166), 16.2% MF (n=77), 10.8% U-MPN (n=51). Median follow-up 87.9 mo (range 0.5-430); female 61.3% (n=292; P<0.0001 vs male); median age at MPN diagnosis (dg) 44.4 y (range 12-90), at SVT dg 44.9 y (range 17-85). In 229 cases (48%) MPN and SVT dg were coincident, while in 104 (22%) SVT occurred before MPN dg (median 40 mo, range 5-335) and in 129 (27%) during MPN follow up (median 79 mo, range 5-394). JAK2V617F mutational status is available for 361 pts: 99% PV, 84.7% ET, 88.1% PMF and 92.9% U-MPN pts were JAK2V617F positive, with a mean allele burden of 56±27.4%, 33.1±25.5%, 39.3±19.4% and 23.8±11.9%, respectively. Erythropoietin-independent colonies (EEC) were present at diagnosis in 80/110 evaluated cases (72.7%), 38/47 PV (84.4%), 32/45 ET (71.1%), 8/11 PMF (72.7%) and 2/7 U-MPN (28.6%). A concurrent thrombophilic state was found in 38.9% of cases. A 12.3% of pts experienced a recurrence of SVT after a median of 29 mo (range 1-378.3) and 35.8% developed thrombosis in other sites (17.7% arterial, 19.3% venous). Esophageal varices were found in 70.6% from which 31.9% bled. MF transformation occurred in 32/166 PV (19%) and in 23/181 ET (13%) pts, with median time to progression of 122.3 mo (range 5.4-377.3) and 125.1 mo (range 39.3-255.3), respectively. Evolution to acute leukemia (AL) occurred in 12 pts (2.7%), of which 2 PMF, 6 PV and 4 ET. In 3 PV and 1 ET pts a PPV and PET-MF transformation occurred before AL. After SVT, 77% of pts received anticoagulation, 23.5% antiaggregant therapy and 1.5% both; 68.8% received cytotoxic drugs, 11.4% of pts were treated with trans jugular porto-systemic shunt. No differences in survival were noted with these approaches. Beta blocker therapy was used in 48.5% of pts and correlated with improved survival (p=0.041) At last follow up 70/473 pts (14.8%) died; causes of death are evolution to AL (16.4%), other cancers (14.5%), disease progression without AL (12.7%), SVT (10.9%), hepatic failure and venous thrombosis other than SVT (9.1% each), heart failure and arterial thrombosis (7.3% each), hemorrhage (5.5%), renal failure and infection (3.6% each). After 10 y follow up 8/166 PV (5%), 14/181 ET (8%), 14/77 PMF (18%) and 1/51 U-MPN (1.96%) pts died (p<0.01). Survival was significantly affected by occurrence of thrombosis other than SVT (p<0.0001) but not recurrence in splanchnic vessels (p=0.068). This large study confirms the strong association between JAK2V617F-mutated MPN and SVT and identifies the category of U-MPN as the prognostically more favorable; thrombosis at sites outside the splanchnic vasculature remains the leading cause of death. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Tajima, Fumihito, Koji Adachi und Toshio Kawatani. „Effect of Treatment with Azacitidine on CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Survivors“. Blood 128, Nr. 22 (02.12.2016): 4325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.4325.4325.
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Abstract Background: Regulatory T cells (Treg) play an important role in immune surveillance of malignancies. Treg expansion occurs frequently in high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and in progression of this disease. Azacitidine (AZA) is increasingly used for treatment of MDS. In this study, we examined changes in the number of circulating Treg in peripheral blood of patients with MDS treated by AZA and we evaluated the clinical significance of these changes. Patients and Methods: Patients with MDS and acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) according to the WHO 2008 classification who were initially treated between January 2015 and December 2015 and followed up for more than six months were enrolled in the study. AZA was given intravenously at a dose of 75 mg/m2 daily for 5 or 7 consecutive days every 4 weeks. The response was assessed using the IWG response criteria for MDS. A total of 29 patients with AML-MRC (n=5), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) (n=7), refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (RCMD) (n=16), and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) (n=1) were included in the study. IPSS was intermediate-1 (n=15), intermediate-2 (n=6), and high (n=8). Eighteen patients did not need treatment, including transfusion (untreated group). Eleven patients were treated with AZA (AZA group). After obtaining informed consent, blood was drawn from all patients at initial diagnosis. In the 11 patients treated with AZA, blood was also drawn after 6 completed cycles. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells, CD3+CD8+ T cells, and CD3-CD56+ NK cells were analyzed using flow cytometry and the absolute numbers of these cells were calculated. Results: The median age was 74 years (range: 44-88) and 22 of the patients were male. The median period of observation was 283 days. In the AZA group, 3 patients died and one had recurrence (AZA-ineffective group), and 7 reached CR or PR (AZA-effective group). The absolute number of Treg was higher in AML/MRC + MDS/MPN than in RCMD (32.5 ± 19.6 vs. 16.4 ± 11.9 /μL, p=0.0234). Treg% values in peripheral blood before treatment in the AZA (1.17±0.80%), AZA-effective (1.15±0.54%), and AZA-ineffective (1.21±1.24%) groups were all significantly higher than that in the untreated group (0.49±0.26%, p=0.0022, p=0.0004, p=0.0241, respectively). Similarly, the absolute numbers of Treg were significantly higher in the AZA (31.9±17.0 /μL), AZA-effective (24.3±11.5 /μL), and AZA-ineffective (45.1±18.2 /μL) groups than in the untreated group (14.9±8.1 /μL, p=0.0011, p=0.0296, p=0.00003, respectively), and significantly higher in the AZA-ineffective group than in the AZA-effective group (p=0.0434). After 6 months of treatment in the AZA group, there were significant decreases in %Treg (1.17±0.80% to 0.65±0.48%, p=0.0373) and absolute number of Treg (31.9 ± 17.0 to 19.7 ± 13.6 /μL, p=0.0258). These changes were not significant in the AZA-effective group, but the absolute number of Treg significantly decreased in the AZA-ineffective group (45.1 ± 18.2 to 16.23 ± 9.54 /μL, p=0.0194). No Treg values after treatment differed significantly from those in the untreated group. The count of CD8+ T cells was unchanged by AZA treatment, but was moderately higher in the AZA group compared to the untreated group (378.6 ± 504.6 vs. 205.4 ± 140.2 /μL, p=0.0455). The counts of CD3-CD56+ NK cells did not differ significantly between the untreated group and the AZA group before treatment. However, after AZA treatment, this count became significantly higher than that in the untreated group (311.0 ± 263.5 vs. 159.2 ± 105.5 /μL, p = 0.0371). The count of NK cells did not reach a high level in the AZA-ineffective group, but was significantly higher (300.9 ± 183.5 /μL, p=0.0030) in the AZA-effective group. Conclusion: The number of Treg in MDS cases requiring treatment was higher than that in MDS cases for which treatment was unnecessary. In particular, Treg was high in MDS with a poor prognosis. Treg was decreased by treatment with AZA and became equivalent to that in the untreated group. In contrast, there was increase in the number of NK cells after AZA treatment, which was found to be particularly high in cases with a good prognosis. These results suggest that an immunological mechanism associated with the prognosis of MDS may be improved by treatment with AZA. Further examination of this mechanism and the influence of AZA on the immunological effect is required. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Nolan, Beatrice, Michael Recht, Pablo Rendo, Aletta Falk, Meredith Foster, Sandra Casiano, Antoine Rauch und Amy D. Shapiro. „Prophylaxis with rFIXFc Reduces the Frequency and Delays Time to First Spontaneous Bleed Event in Previously Untreated Patients with Hemophilia B: A Post Hoc Analysis of the PUPs B-LONG Trial“. Blood 138, Supplement 1 (05.11.2021): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-148765.
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Abstract Introduction: Hemophilia B is a bleeding disorder characterized by coagulation factor IX (FIX) deficiency and is associated with symptoms of prolonged bleeding upon trauma and spontaneous bleed events. The current standard of care for people with hemophilia B is prophylactic FIX replacement therapy for the prevention of bleed events (Goodeve et al. J Thromb Haemost. 2015; Saini et al. Haemophilia. 2015; Castaman. Expert Rev Hematol. 2018). The aim of this study is to present a descriptive post hoc analysis of spontaneous bleed events in the context of treatment regimen (eg, prophylaxis [PPX] versus on-demand [OD]) in previously untreated participants (PUPs) with hemophilia B treated with extended half-life recombinant factor IX Fc fusion protein (rFIXFc, Alprolix) from the PUPs B-LONG study. Methods: The PUPs B-LONG study (NCT02234310) enrolled 33 previously untreated male participants <18 years of age with hemophilia B (≤2 IU/dL [≤2%] endogenous FIX activity), with a median (range) age of 7.2 (0.96-24.0) months; most subjects (n=26 [78.8%]) were <1 year of age (Nolan et al. Blood Adv. 2021). The primary objective of PUPs B-LONG was to evaluate the safety of rFIXFc in PUPs with hemophilia B. Secondary objectives included assessment of efficacy of rFIXFc for the prevention and treatment of bleed events in PUPs (Nolan et al. Blood Adv. 2021). The primary endpoint was occurrence of inhibitor development. During the study, investigators could start a participant OD prior to PPX in accordance with local standards of care; the recommended starting PPX regimen was 50 IU/kg rFIXFc once weekly (Nolan et al. Blood Adv. 2021). Post hoc analyses included describing individual participant treatment regimen patterns on study and timing of first spontaneous bleed event by age during the study, median time to first spontaneous bleed event, and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analyses of time to first spontaneous bleed event by treatment regimen on study and by type of PPX treatment (ie, primary PPX versus switch to PPX). Time to first spontaneous bleed event was calculated by subtracting the start date of the bleed event and the start date of regimen, plus 1. Participants were considered to have received primary PPX treatment if they began PPX at the start of the study; the switch PPX regimen included participants who switched from OD while on study. Results: In PUPs B-LONG, 11 participants began on PPX, with 22 participants beginning with OD regimens. Of the 22 who began OD, 17 switched to PPX, for a total of 28 participants on PPX during the study. Six participants discontinued early, for reasons such as withdrawn consent (n=2 [6.1%]), eligibility criteria not fulfilled (n=2 [6.1%]), an adverse event (n=1 [3.0%]), or physician decision (n=1 [3.0%]). A total of 24 spontaneous bleed events occurred. The baseline age of PUPs was not a statistically significant factor for time to first spontaneous bleed event for either regimen or for those who switched from rFIXFc OD to PPX. KM analyses showed that participants receiving PPX had a reduced frequency and extended time to first spontaneous bleed event compared with those receiving OD therapy (Figure 1A). Median (range) time to first spontaneous bleed event was 341.5 (64.0-378.0) days for those on PPX (n=4) and was 183.0 (15.0-832.0) days for those on OD (n=9) who experienced a spontaneous bleed event. Four participants on PPX had first spontaneous bleed events in a joint or in skin/mucosa (n=2 [50%] participants for each location). Nine participants on OD had a first spontaneous bleed event in the skin/mucosa (n=4, 44%), internal or joint bleeds (n=2 [22%] participants for each location), or other locations (n=1 [11%]). Furthermore, during their PPX treatment period, participants on primary PPX had a lower frequency and longer time to first spontaneous bleed event than those who switched from OD to PPX (Figure 1B). Conclusions: rFIXFc PPX prolonged the time to first spontaneous bleed event and reduced the frequency of first bleed events versus OD in PUPs with hemophilia B. In participants who received primary PPX, the frequency of a first spontaneous bleed event during the study was lower than in those receiving OD treatment initially. Although these results are limited to a small patient group, they suggest that the type of treatment regimen impacts bleed pattern in pediatric PUPs. Funding: This study was funded by Sanofi and Sobi. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Nolan: Sobi: Other: Personal fees; Bayer: Other: Sponsorship; CSL Behring: Other: Sponsorship; Sanofi: Other: Sponsorship. Recht: Novo Nordisk: Consultancy; Kedrion: Consultancy; Hema Biologics: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy; CSL Behring: Consultancy; Catalyst Biosciences: Consultancy; Octapharma: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; uniQure: Consultancy; Foundation for Women and Girls with Blood Disorders, Partners in Bleeding Disorders: Speakers Bureau; American Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network: Current Employment; Oregon Health & Science University: Current Employment. Rendo: Sanofi: Current Employment, Other: May hold shares and/or stock options . Falk: Sobi: Current Employment, Other: May hold shares and/or stock options. Foster: Sanofi: Current Employment, Other: May hold shares and/or stock options in the company. Casiano: Sanofi: Current Employment, Other: May hold shares and/or stock options. Rauch: BioMarin: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; CSL Behring: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; LFB: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Octapharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sobi: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Shapiro: Genentech: Other: Advisory board fees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Glover Blood Therapeutics: Research Funding; Kedrion Biopharma: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Novo Nordisk: Other: Advisory board fees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Daiichi Sankyo: Research Funding; Bioverativ (a Sanofi company): Other: Advisory board fees, Research Funding; BioMarin: Research Funding; Agios: Research Funding; Octapharma: Research Funding; OPKO: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Prometric BioTherapeutics: Research Funding; Sangamo: Other: Advisory board fees, Research Funding; Sigilon Therapeutics: Other: Advisory board fees, Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding.
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Verstovsek, Srdan, Robert P. Hasserjian, Olga Pozdnyakova, Ivo Veletic, Ruben A. Mesa, Lynda Foltz, John Mascarenhas et al. „PRM-151 in Myelofibrosis: Efficacy and Safety in an Open Label Extension Study“. Blood 132, Supplement 1 (29.11.2018): 686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-115362.
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Abstract Introduction: PRM-151, a recombinant human pentraxin-2 molecule, has been shown to prevent and reverse fibrosis in animal models of myelofibrosis (MF) by postulated targeting differentiation of fibrocytes (essential cells in fibrotic process) from monocytes. In the first stage of a two-stage trial, 27 patients (pts) with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), post-essential thrombocythemia/polycythemia vera (post-ET/PV) MF, and Grade 2 or 3 bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) received PRM-151 10 mg/kg IV ± ruxolitinib (RUX) for 6 cycles (24 weeks). A reduction in BMF, decrease in symptoms (MPN-SAF Total Symptom Score [TSS]), and a reduction of palpable splenomegaly were observed, along with a favorable safety profile. Pts experiencing clinical benefit were allowed to continue beyond 24 weeks in an open label extension (OLE) study. Here, we report interim efficacy and safety data for 18 pts enrolled in the OLE, who had been treated for up to 35 cycles (140 weeks). Methods: All pts in the OLE received a monthly infusion of PRM-151 10 mg/kg IV. Pts receiving PRM-151 alone or in combination with RUX in the main study continued with their respective drugs. Safety and hematology parameters were assessed monthly, and MPN-SAF TSS Q3 months. BM biopsies were obtained at baseline, end of main study, and at physician discretion in the OLE. These were evaluated centrally by two independent, blinded hematopathologists for the degree of reticulin and collagen fibrosis. Immunostaining for fibrocytes was performed on available biopsies. The primary objective of the OLE was to assess safety and efficacy of long-term administration of PRM-151. Results: Of the 18 pts enrolled in the OLE, 9 received PRM-151 as single agent, and 9 in conjunction with RUX. Baseline characteristics included median age of 66 years (51-78); 8 pts were DIPSS Int-1, 9 Int-2, and 1 high-risk; 6 (33%) had Hgb < 100 g/L, 12 (67%) had PLT < 100 x 109/L; 7 (39%) had PLT <50 x 109/L; 8 pts had PMF, 10 had post-ET/PV MF; 13 pts (72%) had a palpable spleen, and 9 (50%) had Grade 3 BMF. Median time on study for these 18 pts was 30.9 months (15.9-47.2 months). All pts experienced at least 1 adverse event (AE), with 8 pts (44%) reporting a possible study drug-related AE. No unexpected AEs were observed, and no deaths were reported during the study period. The mean best percent change (by palpation) in spleen size from baseline was −37%, with a median percent reduction of −26.1% (Figure). The mean best percent improvement in MPN-SAF TSS was −54%, with a median percent reduction of TSS of −64%. Pts in the PRM-151 monotherapy group showed similar improvements in MPN-SAF TSS and splenomegaly as those receiving PRM-151 + RUX (Figure). Complete data on hematology parameters will be available at the time of presentation. Improvement in BM reticulin grade was observed in 5 of 7 pts (71%) with Grade 2 BMF at baseline, and in 4 of 9 pts (44%) with Grade 3 BMF at baseline. Of the pts with Grade 3 BMF at baseline, 2 of 9 pts (22%) had a 2-grade reduction (Table). In addition, 5 of 6 pts (83%) with Grade 2 collagen fibrosis at baseline had a 1-grade reduction, with 2 of 6 pts (33%) improving to Grade 0. Also, 2 of 7 pts (28%) with Grade 3 collagen fibrosis had a reduction of 1-grade with 1 of 7 (14%) improving to Grade 0 (Table). Eight of 18 pts had BM fibrocyte immunostaining done: mean fibrocyte count in the hematopoietic BM decreased from 378.0 ± 255.3 per mm2 (11.2 ± 7.7% of total cells) at study baseline to 81.3 ± 86.5 per mm2 (2.0 ± 2.1% of total cells; 7 of 8 pts evaluable) at cycle 25, with continuous reduction in fibrocyte numbers observed at interim. Over the same period, improvement in BM reticulin grade was detected in 4 of 7 pts (57%), and collagen fibrosis grade was decreased in 3 of 7 pts (43%). Conclusions: This long-term follow-up study of 18 pts with MF who received PRM-151 for a median of 31 months showed the drug to be well tolerated. An overall improvement in BM reticulin and collagen fibrosis grade, as well as reductions in MPN-SAF TSS and splenomegaly were observed. In a subset of pts for whom bone marrow fibrocyte immunostaining data were available, a mean reduction in fibrocyte counts was observed, as well as improved bone marrow reticulin and collagen fibrosis grade. These data warrant confirmation in a larger controlled study. Figure. Figure. Disclosures Verstovsek: Incyte: Consultancy; Italfarmaco: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Pozdnyakova:Promedior, Inc.: Consultancy. Mesa:Promedior: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Ariad: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Celgene: Research Funding; Galena: Consultancy; Gilead: Research Funding; CTI: Research Funding. Foltz:Incyte: Research Funding; Promedior: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Mascarenhas:Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; CTI Biopharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Promedior: Research Funding. Ritchie:Astellas Pharma: Research Funding; NS Pharma: Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Travel, Accommodations, Expenses, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Other: Travel, Accommodations, Expenses, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Palmer:Novartis: Research Funding. Kremyanskaya:Incyte: Research Funding. van den Blink:Promedior, Inc.: Employment. Gupta:Promedior, Inc.: Employment. Gotlib:Deciphera: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Kartos: Consultancy; Promedior: Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Blueprint Medicines: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding.
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Mukerjee, Snigdha, Yun Zhu, Jinying Zhao, Andrea Zsombok und Eric Lazartigues. „Prenatal Exposure to Mild High Fat Diet Paradoxically Leads to Improvement in Cardio‐Metabolic Function in the Offspring“. FASEB Journal 31, S1 (April 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.1057.2.
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Maternal diet has a profound impact on development and physiology of the progeny. Although the influence of diet‐induced fetal programming has been assessed with regards to protein deficiency, the impact of a Western diet on epigenetic mechanisms is unknown. The classic (ACE/Ang‐II/AT1R) and compensatory (ACE2/Ang‐(1‐7)/MasR) renin angiotensin system (RAS), has been suggested to be a target of epigenetic modifications. Moreover, hypertension and metabolic disorders occur when the balance between the 2 RAS axes shifts in favor of the classical pathway. Therefore epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation of genes encoding RAS components might play a critical role in the development of cardio‐metabolic diseases. We hypothesize that high fat diet consumption during pregnancy leads to epigenetic modifications within the progeny's brain RAS, promoting autonomic dysfunction and metabolic disorders. In our model, female mice were fed regular chow (RD) or 45% high fat diet and 30% sucrose solution (HFHS) from mating until weaning of the pups (~7 weeks). Offspring from both groups were then maintained on chow and studied in adulthood. DNA methylation within selected brain regions were analyzed using bisulfite sequencing. Dams on HFHS diet had increased total plasma cholesterol (HFHS: 194 ±5 vs. RD: 117 ±5 mg/dl, n=4, p<0.05). In the offspring, we found no change in body weight (HFHS: 24 ±2 vs. RD: 26 ±1 g, n=5–7) and fasting blood glucose (HFHS: 139 ±14 vs. RD: 136 ±9 mg/dl, n=5–7). Gene expression of one of the key players of the classical RAS, i.e. AT1R, was increased within the hypothalamus in the brain, of 3‐month‐old HFHS offspring (HFHS: 1.8 ±0.2 vs. RD: 1 ±0.1 fold change, n=4–5, p<0.05). However this effect disappeared in 7‐month‐old HFHS offspring. Within the brainstem, DNA methylation was significantly lower for the ACE2 gene (p<0.05) and ACE2 activity increased within the hypothalamus (HFHS: 91 ±1 vs. RD: 74 ±4 AFU/mg/min, n=3–5, p<0.05). Baseline blood pressure (BP, telemetry) was also lower in the HFHS progeny (HFHS: 97 ± 3 vs. RD: 117 ± 7 mmHg, n=4–5, p<0.05). DNA methylation was reduced for FFAR2/3, short‐chain fatty acid receptors, within the brainstem (p<0.05) and their gene expression was increased in the hypothalamus of HFHS progeny (FFAR2: HFHS: 2.7 ±0.3 vs. RD: 1±0.04, n=4–5, p<0.05; FFAR3: HFHS: 6.1±1.2 vs. RD: 1 .1±0.1 fold change, n=4–5 p<0.05). Moreover, there was a trend towards an improved glucose tolerance (AUC: HFHS: 3738 ±273.5 vs. RD: 4952 ±378.2; p=0.07) which, coupled with an increase in GLUT4 gene expression in the liver (HFHS: 2.7± 0.3 vs. RD: 1 ±0.1; p<0.05) indicated an improved glucose uptake among the HFHS progeny. Taken together, our data suggests that perinatal exposure to HFHS diet might have resulted in epigenetic modifications of the brain RAS, potentially affecting plasticity of neuronal networks leading to reduced baseline BP and improved peripheral glucose uptake in HFHS offspring.Support or Funding InformationNIH/NHLBI (HL093178)COBRE (P30GM106392)
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Savinov, Kirill A., Andrey A. Agadzhanov und Aleksandr R. Lavrentyev. „The First Decade of Article 3782 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation: Issues of Making Real Estate Lists for Taxation Purposes Based on Cadastral Value“. FINANCIAL LAW, 11.04.2024, 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1813-1220-2024-4-19-22.
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The decade of application of Article 3782 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation is a worthy occasion to summarize the interim results of the transition from the determination of the tax base as the average annual residual value of the taxable object formed according to accounting rules to the use of the cadastral value of real estate objects in determining the tax base of property tax. The authors of the article studied the prehistory of inclusion of the above article in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and its modernization in terms of formation of lists of real estate objects for taxation purposes on the basis of cadastral value, compare the norms of federal and regional legislation, analyze the practice of courts of various instances. Five typical issues arising in the formation of lists of real estate objects for taxation purposes on the basis of cadastral value are identified and optimal options for their resolution are proposed.
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Guan, Hongguo, Yiyan Wang, Huitao Li, Qiqi Zhu, Xiaoheng Li, Guang Liang und Ren-Shan Ge. „5-Bis-(2,6-difluoro-benzylidene) Cyclopentanone Acts as a Selective 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase one Inhibitor to Treat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice“. Frontiers in Pharmacology 12 (12.04.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.594437.
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Background: 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase one is responsible for activating inert glucocorticoid cortisone into biologically active cortisol in humans and may be a novel target for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods: A series of benzylidene cyclopentanone derivatives were synthesized, and the selective inhibitory effects on rat, mouse and human 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase one and two were screened. The most potent compound [5-bis-(2,6-difluoro-benzylidene)-cyclopentanone] (WZS08), was used to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice fed a high-fat-diet for 100 days.Results: WZS08 was the most potent inhibitor of rat, mouse, and human 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, with half maximum inhibitory concentrations of 378.0, 244.1, and 621.1 nM, respectively, and it did not affect 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase two at 100 μM. When mice were fed WZS08 (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg) for 100 days, WZS08 significantly lowered the serum insulin levels and insulin index at 4 mg/kg. WZS08 significantly reduced the levels of serum triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and hepatic fat ratio at low concentration of 1 mg/kg. It down-regulated Plin2 expression and up-regulated Fabp4 expression at low concentration of 1 mg/kg. It significantly improved the morphology of the non-alcoholic fatty liver.Conclusion: WZS08 selectively inhibits rat, mouse, and human 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, and can treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a mouse model.
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Bellar, David, Kellie Murphy, Greggory R. Davis und Lawrence W. Judge. „Supplemental Vit D3 does not affect musculoskeletal or psychomotor performance in college aged males“. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 23.01.2020, 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000631.
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Abstract. The experiment examined the effects 4 weeks of vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation versus placebo on musculoskeletal and psychomotor performance. Thirty-two college age males (Age: 22 ± 4 y, Height: 177.7 ± 8.3 cm, Weight: 81.5 ± 14.6 kg, BF%: 19.6 ± 7.9, Vit D: 20.0 ± 7.2 ng/ml). Participants were assigned to group (Vit D vs placebo) and remained blind throughout the study. The treatments were 4000 IU of Vit D3 or placebo (dextrose) administered daily for 4 weeks. The participants underwent baseline testing for isometric strength, explosive ability and psychomotor performance, which was repeated at week 2 and week 4. Isometric tests consisted of an Isometric Mid Thigh Pull on a Force Plate (IMTP) and an upper body isometric test (UBIST) using a load cell. Peak force during a countermovement jump (CMJ) was also determined via force plate. A psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) was used to measure sustained reaction time. Analysis of the UBIST data did not reveal a significant group × time interaction (p = 0.14; Vit D pre: 553.7 ± 168.3 N, post: 585.5 ± 150.2 N; Placebo pre: 677.7 ± 182.3 N, post: 649.8 ± 236.9 N). For IMTP no significant group × time interaction (p = 0.83; Vit D pre: 2596.4 ± 342.3 N, post: 2606.9 ± 378.3 N; Placebo pre: 2684.0 ± 432.9 N, post: 2762.6 ± 440.4 N) was found. CMJ analysis did not reveal interaction effects for group × time (p = 0.21; Vit D pre: 4429.7 ± 1619.0 N, post: 4938.5 ± 2374.8 N; Placebo pre: 5537.3 ± 3027.0 N, post: 6266.9 ± 4577.3 N). For PVT (mean reaction time) there was no significant interaction effects for group × time (p = 0.35; Vit D pre: 0.304 ± 0.041 sec, post: 0.301 ± 0.053 sec; Placebo pre: 0.295 ± 0.044 sec, post: 0.284 ± 0.029 sec). In conclusion, four weeks of Vit D supplementation was not effective in increasing musculoskeletal or psychomotor performance.
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Wee, Sang Ouk, Alexander J. Rosenberg, Bunsawat Kanokwan, Garett Griffith, Tracy Baynard und Bo Fernhall. „Carotid Vascular Blood Flow in Individuals with Down Syndrome Following Low Body Negative Pressure Challenge“. FASEB Journal 31, S1 (April 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.840.21.
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Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) exhibit autonomic dysfunction with reduced sympathetic activity, which may cause reduced aerobic capacity and alterations in peripheral blood flow. Carotid vascular function has been considered as a marker of future cardiovascular events. However, changes in carotid blood flow and vascular conductance in response to sympathoexcitation are not well characterized in persons with DS, carotid stiffness responses to exercise differ between individuals with DS and controls.PurposeTo examine the differences in hemodynamics, carotid vascular reactivity and blood flow following sympathoexcitation using lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in individuals with and without DS.Methods13 young (18 < age <40 yrs) individuals with and without DS (DS=6) participated in this study. Changes in hemodynamics and carotid vascular reactivity (BP, carotid diameter, carotid flow and vascular conductance) were measured before, during and after LBNP (−20 mmHg).ResultsBaseline hemodynamics where not different between the group with DS and controls. The group with DS showed an altered response in conductance to LBNP, when compared to controls with large effect size (η2 = 0.138). In addition, carotid blood flow exhibited a large effect size (η2 = 0.242) for a group interaction. During recovery, the group with DS showed an increase in BF, whereas control group exhibited decrease in BF. These changes occurred without differential changes in carotid diameter and blood pressure.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate the tendency of reduced vascular reactivity in individuals with DS to sympathoexcitation, demonstrated by large effects sizes. Our findings indicate altered blood flow control in persons with DS, attributable to autonomic dysfunction. Larger sample sizes will be needed to confirm these findings. DS (N = 6) Control (N = 7) Baseline LBNP (−20mmHg) Recovery Baseline LBNP (−20mmHg) Recovery Carotid SBP (mmHg) 118 ± 5 111 ± 4 119 ± 5 126 ± 5 114 ± 4 121 ± 4 Carotid DBP (mmHg) 69 ± 4 68 ± 3 68 ± 3 76 ± 3 73 ± 2 77 ± 3 Carotid MAP (mmHg) 87 ± 5 84 ± 3 88 ± 4 96 ± 4 90 ± 3 95 ± 4 Carotid Blood Flow (ml/min) 378.0 ± 110.3 394.1 ± 115.3 399.9 ± 112.2 539 4 ± 102.1 552.6 ± 106.8 500.1 ± 103.9 Carotid Vascular Conductance (ml/min/100mmHg) 25.3 ± 3.6 29.0 ± 4.6 28.1 ± 4.0 32.0 ± 3.3 35.1 ± 3.8 30.7 ± 3.6 Mean ± SEM