Zeitschriftenartikel: „306.436 62“

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Escobar, Miguel A., Allison P. Wheeler, Steven R. Lentz, Wan Hui Ong Clausen und David Cooper. „Consistency of Dosing of Turoctocog Alfa Pegol (N8-GP) throughout the Pathfinder Clinical Trials: Implications for Recommendations for Effective Prophylaxis, Bleed Resolution, and Perioperative Management“. Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13.11.2019): 3635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-124889.

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Introduction: Replacement factor VIII (FVIII) products have been administered to achieve desired FVIII levels for bleed treatment, perioperative management, or routine prophylaxis. Individual variability in pharmacokinetics (PK) has resulted in dosing ranges, rather than fixed doses. N8-GP (ESPEROCT®) is an extended half-life recombinant FVIII product. The pathfinder trials evaluated routine prophylaxis and bleed treatment in previously treated adolescents/adults (pathfinder 2) and children (pathfinder 5) with severe hemophilia A and perioperative management of major surgery (pathfinder 3). Methods: Adolescents/adults (aged ≥12 y) were administered 50 IU/kg N8-GP every 4 days (Q4D) as routine prophylaxis in the main phase; alternative weekly dosing was explored in 2 extension phases. For the on-demand treatment arm, patients were to be given 20 to 70 IU/kg, depending on bleed severity and desired FVIII levels. Children (aged <12 y) on prophylaxis were administered a target of 60 (50-75) IU/kg N8-GP twice weekly. For surgery, a pre-trial test dose of 50 IU/kg was administered with PK assessment and then dosing in the study was to achieve desired FVIII suggested by World Federation of Hemophilia guidelines. Results: Pathfinder 2 enrolled 186 patients (46 from the US) with 128 (69%) completing the second extension phase encompassing 785 patient-years (66,577 exposure days) with 2,758 treated bleeds. On-demand patients (n=12) treated for a total of 37 patient-years of exposure reported 1,270 (46%) bleeds. In the main phase, 105 of 175 adolescents/adults on prophylaxis (50 IU/kg Q4D) experienced 436 bleeds with a median annualized bleeding rate (ABR) of 1.2. Through the study (mean 3.5 years), 177 adolescents/adults on doses of ~52 IU/kg Q4D had a median ABR of 0.99 and mean (95% CI) FVIII trough levels of 3.1 (2.6-3.4) IU/dL. Treatment of bleeding through extension 1 is described in Table; the median dose for mild/moderate bleeds was 42 IU/kg. For participants who were in the on-demand arm, the median initial dose was 28 IU/kg, with 88.4% of bleeds treated with a single dose. In subjects receiving prophylaxis, the median initial dose matched the prophylaxis dose (52 IU/kg), and 76% of bleeds received a single dose. For 15 severe bleeds, the median total dose was 111 IU/kg per episode. Pathfinder 5 enrolled 68 children (34 aged 0-5 y, 34 aged 6-11 y), 95% previously on prophylaxis; 62 completed the extension, amounting to 306 patient-years (32,138 exposure days) with mean exposure of 4.5 years. Overall, 55 patients (81%) reported 330 bleeds; most were traumatic (67%). Median ABR in the main phase (0.48 years) was 2.0 and through the entire study was 0.8 with mean (95% CI) FVIII trough activity of 1.9 (1.6-2.5) IU/dL. The mean prophylaxis dose was 64.7 IU/kg at a mean interval of 3.5 days, likely reflecting rounding the targeted 60 IU/kg twice weekly dose. For 70 bleeds in the main phase, 88% of bleeds were treated with 1 to 2 injections; median utilization for bleeds was 68 IU/kg (Table). Pathfinder 3 evaluated 45 surgeries in 33 adolescents/adults; 96% were reported as excellent/good efficacy. Median preoperative dose mirrored test dose (52 IU/kg) with median total dose per surgery of 702 IU/kg (until 14 days post-surgery). Postoperative dosing was at ~24-hour intervals with the number of doses and treatment duration dependent on procedure (Table). Conclusion: The pathfinder trials demonstrate effective prophylaxis was achieved with very consistent prophylaxis dosing for both adolescents/adults (~50 IU/kg Q4D) and children (~65 IU/kg twice weekly). Bleeds were generally treated for patients on prophylaxis with a single prophylactic dose (~50 or ~65 IU/kg). Dosing intervals in severe bleeding and surgery were ~24 hours, including in children. Disclosures Escobar: Sanofi: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; National Hemophilia Foundation: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novo Nordisk: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Wheeler:uniQure: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BioMarin: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novo Nordisk Inc: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Octapharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Shire: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Lentz:Novo Nordisk Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Clausen:Novo Nordisk A/S: Employment. Cooper:Novo Nordisk Inc.: Employment.

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Lim, Jongwon, und Suhee Hong. „Transcriptome Analysis in the Head Kidney of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Immunized with a Combined Vaccine of Formalin-Inactivated Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum“. Vaccines 9, Nr. 11 (22.10.2021): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9111234.

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This study aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms regulated by a combined vaccine against Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum (O1 serotype). These bacteria cause furunculosis and vibriosis, respectively, and are associated with a high mortality in rainbow trout in Korea. The vaccine upregulated gene expression of TCRα, T-bet, sIgM, and mIgM, markers of an activated adaptive immune response. On days 1, 3, and 5, transcriptome analysis revealed 862 (430 up- and 432 downregulated), 492 (204 up- and 288 downregulated), and 741 (270 up- and 471 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 377 (108 MF, 132 CC, 137 BP), 302 (60 MF, 180 CC, 62 BP), and 314 (115 MF, 129 CC, 70 BP) GOs at days 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genetic and Genomic enrichment analysis identified eight immune system-related pathways like cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NF-kappaB signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, cytosolic DNA sensing pathway, cell adhesion molecule, complement and coagulation cascade, and antigen processing and presentation. In the analysis of the protein–protein interaction of immune-related DEGs, a total of 59, 21, and 21 interactional relationships were identified at days 1, 3, and 5, respectively, with TNF having the highest centrality at all three time points.

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Buda, Gabriele, Alessandro Martino, Daniele Campa, Juan Sainz, Rui Manuel Vieira Reis, Ramón García-Sanz, Krzysztof Jamroziak et al. „Polymorphisms in Regulators of Xenobiotic Transport and Metabolism Genes NR1I2 and NR1I3 and Multiple Myeloma Risk: A Case-Control Study in the Context of IMMEnSE Consortium“. Blood 118, Nr. 21 (18.11.2011): 5014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.5014.5014.

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Abstract Abstract 5014 Exposure to toxic compounds and pesticides leads to an increased risk to develop Multiple Myeloma (MM). The metabolism and the excretion of xenobiotics are mediated by the enzymes and transporters acting in the detoxifying/elimination process. The nuclear receptors NR1I2 (or PXR) and NR1I3 (or CAR) act as xenosensor activating the detoxifying/elimination process in response to the intracellular levels of xenobiotics. It has been hypothesized that part of the individual variability in drug metabolism efficiency could be due to the genetic variations within these regulator genes affecting their expression and/or function. To investigate the impact of genetic variation within these genes on MM susceptibility, we selected and genotyped 10 tag Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PXR gene and 7 tag SNPs in the CAR gene in 627 MM cases (320 males and 307 females) and 883 (459 males and 424 females) controls from different European populations. All the SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.001), with the exception of the PXR SNP rs2461818 that was therefore excluded from the analysis. We found no association of any of the genotyped SNPs with MM risk. In the same way, haplotype distribution showed no differences between cases and controls. This was the first comprehensive investigation of genetic variation in xenobiotic regulators genes PXR and CAR in relation to MM risk and our data suggest that common variants in these genes have no impact in modifying MM risk. Table I. Genotype distribution of the PXR and CAR SNPs among MM cases and controls. SNP (rs) Cases (%) Controls (%) OR* 95%C.I. p-value p-trend PXR C/C 429 (69.5) 623 (70.7) 1.00 Ref 0.423 rs10511395 A/C 160 (25.9) 228 (25.9) 1.02 0.81 – 1.30 0.851 A/A 28 (4.6) 30 (3.4) 1.38 0.81 – 2.35 0.232 PXR C/C 452 (74.0) 656 (74.8) 1.00 Ref 0.451 rs1054190 C/T 137 (22.4) 200 (22.8) 1.00 0.78 – 1.28 0.993 T/T 22 (3.6) 21 (2.4) 1.56 0.84 – 2.88 0.155 PXR C/C 412 (65.9) 591 (67.2) 1.00 Ref 0.819 rs11917714 C/T 190 (30.4) 250 (28.5) 1.07 0.85 – 1.35 0.535 T/T 23 (3.7) 38 (4.3) 0.84 0.49 – 1.44 0.536 PXR C/C 223 (36.3) 296 (33.7) 1.00 Ref 0.126 rs12488820 C/T 289 (47.0) 407 (46.4) 0.93 0.74 – 1.18 0.574 T/T 103 (16.7) 175 (19.9) 0.79 0.58 – 1.06 0.119 PXR G/G 430 (69.6) 593 (67.4) 1.00 Ref 0.807 rs13071341 A/G 166 (26.9) 269 (30.6) 0.85 0.67 – 1.07 0.158 A/A 22 (3.5) 18 (2.0) 1.70 0.90 – 3.22 0.102 PXR A/A 352 (58.7) 516 (39.4) 1.00 Ref 0.981 rs3237359 A/G 209 (34.8) 291 (33.5) 1.04 0.83 – 1.30 0.720 G/G 39 (6.5) 62 (7.1) 0.90 0.59 – 1.37 0.619 PXR C/C 255 (41.2) 383 (43.6) 1.00 Ref 0.815 rs13059232 C/T 299 (48.3) 390 (44.4) 1.16 0.93 – 1.44 0.192 T/T 65 (10.5) 106 (12.0) 0.94 0.66 – 1.33 0.711 PXR A/A 300 (48.7) 437 (49.7) 1.00 Ref 0.258 rs3732357 A/G 240 (39.0) 361 (41.0) 0.94 0.75 – 1.17 0.589 G/G 76 (12.3) 82 (9.3) 1.31 0.92 – 1.85 0.130 PXR T/T 328 (53.6) 463 (52.9) 1.00 Ref 0.424 rs1357459 C/T 249 (40.7) 345 (39.4) 1.02 0.82 – 1.27 0.850 C/C 35 (5.7) 67 (7.7) 0.75 0.49 – 1.17 0.206 CAR A/A 218 (35.4) 335 (38.1) 1.00 Ref 0.571 rs3003596 A/G 296 (48.0) 393 (44.7) 1.16 0.93 – 1.46 0.191 G/G 102 (16.6) 151 (17.2) 1.04 0.77 – 1.41 0.799 CAR G/G 264 (42.7) 371 (42.0) 1.00 Ref 0.642 rs3813627 G/T 276 (44.7) 392 (44.4) 0.98 0.79 – 1.23 0.882 T/T 78 (12.6) 120 (13.6) 0.91 0.66 – 1.26 0.581 CAR A/A 441 (73.1) 635 (73.5) 1.00 Ref 0.911 rs11265571 A/T 147 (24.4) 207 (24.0) 1.01 0.79 – 1.29 0.911 T/T 15 (2.5) 22 (2.5) 0.97 0.49 – 1.89 0.921 CAR T/T 404 (64.2) 575 (65.7) 1.00 Ref 0.836 rs2307418 G/T 193 (31.1) 268 (30.6) 1.02 0.81 – 1.27 0.879 G/G 23 (3.7) 32 (3.7) 1.05 0.60 – 1.83 0.863 CAR C/C 348 (56.6) 508 (57.7) 1.00 Ref 0.527 rs2502805 C/T 220 (35.8) 313 (35.6) 1.05 0.84 – 1.30 0.693 T/T 47 (7.6) 59 (6.7) 1.16 0.77 – 1.74 0.484 CAR A/A 245 (39.8) 346 (39.4) 1.00 Ref 0.770 rs4073054 A/C 291 (47.2) 412 (46.9) 0.98 0.78 – 1.22 0.855 C/C 80 (13.0) 120 (13.7) 0.94 0.68 – 1.31 0.720 CAR C/C 360 (57.6) 524 (59.8) 1.00 Ref 0.391 rs4233368 A/C 225 (36.0) 302 (34.4) 1.09 0.88 – 1.36 0.439 A/A 40 (6.4) 51 (5.8) 1.15 0.74 – 1.78 0.538 Genotype distribution among MM cases and controls in the overall population. * OR are adjusted for age, gender and region of origin. Differences in samples numbers are due to failures in genotyping. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Gubareva, Ekaterina, Mariia Iurova, Margarita Tyndyk, Mikhail Maydin, Grigorii Yanus, Petr Egormin, Andrey Panchenko und Vladimir Anisimov. „The effect of constant light and melatonin on urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis in mice and expression of clock genes and proteins“. Problems in oncology 67, Nr. 3 (06.07.2021): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2021-67-3-430-435.

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Introduction. Circadian rhythms are an adaptational mechanism to day-night cycle. At the cellular level rhythms are supported by oscillations of transcription of Bmal1, 2, Clock and Npas2, Per1-3, Cry1, 2 clock genes; in the organism rhythms are synchronized with melatonin, the "hormone of darkness". Reliable data have been obtained that disruption of biological "clocks" at the cellular and/or organism level are associated with carcinogenesis, but the experimental results in this direction remain incomplete. Aim. Assessment of the continuous lighting and melatonin administration effects on chemically induced carcinogenesis in mice and expression of clock genes and proteins in normal and tumor lung tissue. Materials and methods. Lung tumors were induced by urethane in 120 male SHR mice. Animals were kept at constant (LL) or standard (LD) light; half of the animals received melatonin (MT) daily at 20 mg/l at night with water for 45 weeks of experiment. At the end of the experiment, the frequency and multiplicity of lung tumours of different size were assessed. Expression of clock genes Clock, Bmal1, Cry1 was assessed in tumor samples and normal lung tissue by real-time PCR; protein content of BMAL1, CLOCK, CRY1 and PER2 was determined by immunohistochemistry. Statistical data were processed using the programs MS Excel 2007, GraphPad Prism 6.0 with commonly used statistical criteria. Results. The number of animals with lung tumors was between 89 and 100% in different groups. Large tumors (>2 mm) were more frequently observed in LL group (62 tumors out of 294, 21,1%) than in LD group (59 tumors out of 405, 14,6%, p=0,0245). Administration of exogenous melatonin at constant lighting statistically significantly reduced the frequency of large tumors (28 tumors out of 320, 8.8%, p=0,0001 in comparison with LL). In normal lung tissue of animals kept at constant lighting (LL) the increase in relative expression of clock genes in comparison with LD group was revealed: Bmal1 by 3,1 times (p=0,02) and Cry1 by 3,6 times (p=0,0002). No such differences were found for Clock gene. The relative content of BMAL1 and CLOCK proteins in all experimental conditions was higher in adenomas and adenocarcinomas compared to normal tissue. Conclusion. Constant lighting promotes the development of chemically induced lung tumors, and melatonin administration inhibits carcinogenesis under constant lighting. The content of BMAL1 and CLOCK transcription activator proteins in lung tumors was found to increase in comparison with normal tissue, whereas no increase in the expression level of corresponding genes in tumors was observed.

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Stenehjem, David D., Meredith Bannon und Jonathan Boltax. „Outcomes in cancer patients (pts) admitted to a surgical (SICU) or medical ICU (MICU) compared to a newly opened cancer specific ICU (HICU).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, Nr. 30_suppl (20.10.2014): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.30_suppl.279.

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279 Background: The University of Utah opened a cancer specific ICU (HICU) in 2011 admitting medical and surgical cancer pts. Prior to this, medical cancer pts were admitted to the MICU while the SICU admitted both and medical and surgical pts. The primary objective of this study was to compare the quality metrics of mortality and length of stay (LOS). Methods: Pts with a cancer diagnosis and admitted to the MICU or SICU from 2009-2011 or the HICU from 2011-2013 were evaluated. Pts were stratified by ICU type and the HICU was also analyzed by excluding post-operative pts (HICU-MED). Survival from admission, hospital and ICU mortality, and LOS was assessed. Results: A total of 1,375 pts were included with 259 (19%), 416 (30%), and 700 (51%) pts admitted to the MICU, SICU, and HICU, respectively. The median age was 62 years (range 18-91 years) and 57% (n = 787) were male; no significant differences in age (p = 0.1975) and sex (p = 0.7681) were observed between ICU’s. Cancer classification was oncology (65%, n = 888), hematology (32%, n = 435), and BMT (4%, n = 52). Of all pts admitted to the HICU, 44% (n = 308) were post-operative and excluded from HICU-MED (n = 392). See table for survival and LOS comparisons. Conclusions: No differences in overall survival and hospital morality (ICU and out-of-ICU) were observed comparing pts admitted to the HICU vs SICU and HICU-MED vs MICU. ICU-free days were significantly shorter resulting in shorter hospitalizations for the HICU vs SICU, which may have contributed to the reduced 30-day mortality in pts admitted to the HICU. [Table: see text]

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Antoni, Muhammad Sigit, und Suharjana Suharjana. „Aplikasi kebugaran dan kesehatan berbasis android: Bagaimana persepsi dan minat masyarakat?“ Jurnal Keolahragaan 7, Nr. 1 (11.02.2019): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jk.v7i1.21571.

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Teknologi ponsel pintar khususnya dengan sistem operasi android berkembang sangat pesat, termasuk dalam perkembangan aplikasi yang berbasis android. Perkembangan teknologi tersebut mencakup berbagai bidang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, salah satunya dalam bidang olahraga kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran tentang persepsi dan minat masyarakat olahraga di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta terhadap aplikasi android kategori kebugaran dan kesehatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode survei. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket berbasis web. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan survei terhadap para praktisi keolahragaan, akademisi di bidang olahraga kesehatan, serta masyarakat umum yang berjumlah 62 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi responden terhadap aplikasi ponsel pintar sistem operasi android kategori kesehatan dan kebugaran pada kategori Baik Sekali sebesar 4,8%, Baik sebesar 37,2%, Cukup sebesar 22,6%, Kurang sebesar 30,6%, dan Sangat Kurang sebesar 4,8%. Minat responden terhadap aplikasi ponsel pintar sistem operasi android kategori kesehatan dan kebugaran pada kategori Baik Sekali sebesar 12,9%, Baik sebesar 43,6%, Cukup sebesar 29%, Kurang sebesar 11,3%, dan Sangat Kurang sebesar 3,2%. Secara umum, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi dan minat para praktisi keolahragaan, akademisi di bidang olahraga kesehatan, serta masyarakat umum terhadap aplikasi ponsel pintar sistem operasi android kategori kesehatan dan kebugaran adalah baik. Android application in sport and health: How are societies’s perception and interest? AbstractThe aim of this research was to identify societies’s perception and interest of sport and health android application. It was a descriptive research with survey metode, used web based questionare as the research instruments. The research had done with surveyed sport health professionals, sport health academicians, and the citizens. The number of the subject was 62 respondents. The result of this research showed that societies’s perception of sport and health android application are Very Good at 4,8%, Good at 37,2%, Enough at 22,6%, Less at 30,6%, and Very Less at 4,8%. Societies’s interest of sport and health android application are Very Good at 12,9%, Good at 43,6%, Enough at 29%, Less at 11,3%, and Very Less at 3,2%. In general, the results of the study show that the perceptions and interests of sport health professionals, sport health academicians, and the citizens of sport and health android application is good.

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Caruso, Serafino, Serena Di Renzo, Domenico Umbrello, Anshu Dhar Jayal, O. W. Dillon und I. S. Jawahir. „Finite Element Modeling of Microstructural Changes in Hard Turning“. Advanced Materials Research 223 (April 2011): 960–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.223.960.

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The material grain size changes significantly during machining of hardened steels, and this must be taken into account for improved modeling of surface integrity effects resulting from machining. Grain size changes induced during orthogonal cutting of hardened AISI 52100 (62 HRC) are modeled using the Finite Element (FE) method; in particular, a user subroutine involving a hardness-based flow stress model is implemented in the FE code and empirical models are utilized for describing the phase transformation conditions to simulate formation of white and dark layers. Furthermore, a procedure utilizing the Zener-Hollomon relationship is implemented in the above-mentioned user subroutine to predict the evolution in material grain size at different cutting speeds (300, 600, 900 SFPM). All simulations were performed for dry cutting conditions using a low CBN-content insert (Kennametal KD050 grade, ANSI TNG-432 geometry). The model is validated by comparing the predicted results with experimental evidence available in the literature.

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Rogers, I. H., J. A. Servizi und C. D. Levings. „Bioconcentration of Chlorophenols by Juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Overwintering in the Upper Fraser River: Field and Laboratory Tests“. Water Quality Research Journal 23, Nr. 1 (01.02.1988): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1988.008.

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Abstract Juvenile chinook salmon were sampled from August 1986 to March 1987 at stations near Prince George and Quesnel, influenced by sewage and pulp mill discharges. Maximum densities of 0.2 fish·mࢤ2 were recorded. Salmon were collected at reference sites in November 1986 and at Agassiz in April 1987. Fingerling chinook were exposed at 0.7°C to a commercial wood preservative containing 2,3,4,6 - tetrachlorophenol (TeCP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in the laboratory to simulate winter conditions in the upper Fraser River. Fish exposed for 62 days to 2 ug·Lࢤ1 contained a mean of 224 ng·gࢤ1 TeCP and 431 ng·gࢤ1 PCP. Chlorophenol uptake in feral fish was low. However, 3,4,5-trichloro-guaiacol levels to 304 ng·gࢤ1 and tetrachloroguaiacol values to 136 ng·gࢤ1 were measured in March. Fish from Agassiz, 518 km downstream of Quesnel, also contained these two substances. Thus chinook salmon can bioconcentrate persistent chlorophenols and chloroguaiacols directly from cold water (< 1°C). The biological consequences are uncertain.

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Montoya-Martínez, Amelia C., Gabriel Rincón-Enríquez, Philippe Lobit, Luis López-Pérez und Evangelina E. Quiñones-Aguilar. „NATIVE ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI FROM THE RHIZOSPHERE OF Agave cupreata AND THEIR EFFECT ON Agave tequilana GROWTH“. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 42, Nr. 4 (21.12.2019): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2019.4.429-438.

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Blue agave (Agave tequilana F.A.C. Weber var. Azul) is an important crop for Mexico, from which tequila is made. In 2018 1,138,800 t of agave were produced under aproduction system where the use of agrochemicals has become widespread; in particular, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers generates problems of environmental impact in the producing areas. An alternative to solve this problem is the use of soil microbial resources to reduce this impact. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as biofertilizers is a functional alternative in other crops that could be implemented in the production of blue agave. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of native mycorrhizal consortia isolated from the rhizosphere of A. cupreata from Michoacán on the growth of blue agave. An experiment was conducted under a randomized complete blocks design where eight AMF consortia, a commercial inoculum (Rhizophagus intraradices) and a control (without AMF) were evaluated on A. tequilana seedlings. The experiment was maintained for 300 d under greenhouse conditions and, at the end, growth and microbiological variables were analyzed; in addition, mycorrhizal dependency and the Dickson index were calculated as parameters of plant quality. Significant differences (Tukey, P ≤ 0.05) were found in the growth traits of agave plants when inoculated with AMF consortia compared to control plants. The agave plants inoculated with the native consortium Barranca de las Nueces showed greater growth and Dickson index, with a mycorrhizal colonization of 49 % and a mycorrhization dependency of 62 %, as well as the highest spore density (244 spores 100 g-1 of substrate). Results suggest that AMF could be a biotechnology alternative in the agricultural production process of blue agave.

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Gaujoux-Viala, C., A. Basch, S. Lassoued, F. Coury-Lucas, M. Kessouri, Y. Brault, T. Lequerre und C. Salliot. „AB0451 FRENCH REAL LIFE SAFETY DATA ON THE USE OF TOFACITINIB IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: OBSERVATIONAL STUDY, DEFACTO“. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30.05.2023): 1415.1–1415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.1170.

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BackgroundTofacitinib, an oral Janus Kinase inhibitor, is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).ObjectivesTo describe the safety profile of Tofacitinib in a French prospective observational study DeFacTo.MethodsThe safety profile of tofacitinib was assessed using interim data from a descriptive analysis of patients who took at least one dose of tofacitinib in the DeFacTo study.ResultsAmong 314 patients enrolled in the study, 306 received tofacitinib and were included in the safety analysis, including 274 patients with a follow-up ≥ 18 months (POP2) on 03/15/22 date of analysis) with a median exposure duration of 538 [Q1; Q3: 381; 554] days. 113 patients (41.2%) were still on tofacitinib (39 discontinued, 122 missing data regarding prescription). At inclusion, 78.3% of the 306 pts were women with a mean (± standard deviation) age of 59.5 ± 11.5 years, median disease duration of 8.9 years [Q1; Q3: 4.1; 18.9]. There was a history of cardiovascular (CV) disease in 11.9% of cases (including 4.6% myocardial infarction (MI), 5.0% stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), 1.7% heart failure, and 1.7% peripheral arterial disease); 5.6% history of cancer, 16.8% history of infection, and 46.6% smoker/former smoker. Tofacitinib was prescribed in combination with a csDMARD in 61.1% of patients and corticosteroids in 56.2% of cases. The results showed that adverse events (AEs) were reported in 54.2% of the 306 patients, 14.4% were considered as serious. Infections were found in 22.2% of patients, no deaths were reported (Table 1).Table 1.Real-life and age-specific safety data for tofacitinibN, (%)< 65 ans (n=193)≥ 65 ans (n=111)Total (n=306*)Adverse events (AEs)104 (53.9)62 (55.9)166 (54.2)Serious adverse events21 (10.9)23 (20.7)44 (14.4)Infection41 (21.2)27 (24.3)68 (22.2)Herpes Zoster6 (3.1)6 (5.4)12 (3.9)Serious AEs of special interestSerious infection5 (2.6)4 (3.6)9 (2.9)Herpes zosterTuberculosis1 (0.5)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)2 (1.8)1 (0.3)2 (0.7)Cancer1 (0.5)1 (0.9)2 (0.7)CV eventⴕ1 (0.5)1 (0.9)2 (0.7)VTEⱡ0 (0.0)2 (1.8)2 (0.7)Death0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)*2 patients with missing age but counted in the total. ⴕ cardiovascular event (Evt): non-fatal MI and stroke + CV death. ⱡ VTE (venous thromboembolic disease): deep vein thrombosis + pulmonary embolism.ConclusionThese intermediate, descriptive results show a safety profile of tofacitinib in real-life RA similar to the one previously reported in clinical and observational studies.[1-2]References[1]Wollenhaupt et al. Arthritis Research & Therapy (2019) 21:89https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-019-1866-2[2]Kremer et al. ACR Open Rheumatology 2021. DOI 10.1002/acr2.11232AcknowledgementsThis study was sponsored by Pfizer.Disclosure of InterestsCécile Gaujoux-Viala Speakers bureau: AbbVie; Amgen; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Celgene; Eli Lilly; Galapagos; Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Janssen; Medac; Merck-Serono; Mylan; Nordic Pharma; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche; Sandoz; Sanofi; and UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie; Amgen; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Celgene; Eli Lilly; Galapagos; Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Janssen; Medac; Merck-Serono; Mylan; Nordic Pharma; Novartis; Pfizer; Roche; Sandoz; Sanofi; and UCB, Andre BASCH Consultant of: Janssen, Novartis, Amgen, BMS, Abbvie, Lilly, Pfizer, MSD, UCB, Slim Lassoued: None declared, Fabienne COURY-LUCAS Consultant of: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis and Pfizer, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Biogen, Roche Chugai, Pfizer, and UCB, Meriem Kessouri Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer, Yves Brault Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer, Thierry Lequerre Consultant of: Abbvie, BMS, Boeringher, Lilly, Medac, MSD, Nordic Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche – Chugai, Sanofi, UCB, Carine Salliot Consultant of: Biogen, Lilly, Novartis, Roche Chugai, Pfizer.

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Whitehouse, G. H. „Book reviewsNormal Anatomy for Multiplanar Imaging. By RavalBharat, YeakleyJoel W. and HarrisJohn H.Jr, 1987 (Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore) The Trunk and Extremities, pp. xiv + 199, £43.00. ISBN 0–683–07154–8 Head, Neck and Spine, pp. xiv + 433, £90.00. ISBN 0–683–07153–X“. British Journal of Radiology 62, Nr. 735 (März 1989): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/0007-1285-62-735-301-b.

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Hausmann, Petra, Ralf Sussmann, Thomas Trickl und Matthias Schneider. „A decadal time series of water vapor and D / H isotope ratios above Zugspitze: transport patterns to central Europe“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, Nr. 12 (23.06.2017): 7635–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7635-2017.

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Abstract. We present vertical soundings (2005–2015) of tropospheric water vapor (H2O) and its D ∕ H isotope ratio (δD) derived from ground-based solar Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements at Zugspitze (47° N, 11° E, 2964 m a.s.l.). Beside water vapor profiles with optimized vertical resolution (degrees of freedom for signal, DOFS, = 2.8), {H2O, δD} pairs with consistent vertical resolution (DOFS = 1.6 for H2O and δD) applied in this study. The integrated water vapor (IWV) trend of 2.4 [−5.8, 10.6] % decade−1 is statistically insignificant (95 % confidence interval). Under this caveat, the IWV trend estimate is conditionally consistent with the 2005–2015 temperature increase at Zugspitze (1.3 [0.5, 2.1] K decade−1), assuming constant relative humidity. Seasonal variations in free-tropospheric H2O and δD exhibit amplitudes of 140 and 50 % of the respective overall means. The minima (maxima) in January (July) are in agreement with changing sea surface temperature of the Atlantic Ocean. Using extensive backward-trajectory analysis, distinct moisture pathways are identified depending on observed δD levels: low column-based δD values (δDcol < 5th percentile) are associated with air masses originating at higher latitudes (62° N on average) and altitudes (6.5 km)than high δD values (δDcol > 95th percentile: 46° N, 4.6 km). Backward-trajectory classification indicates that {H2O, δD} observations are influenced by three long-range-transport patterns towards Zugspitze assessed in previous studies: (i) intercontinental transport from North America (TUS; source region: 25–45° N, 70–110° W, 0–2 km altitude), (ii) intercontinental transport from northern Africa (TNA; source region: 15–30° N, 15° W–35° E, 0–2 km altitude), and (iii) stratospheric air intrusions (STIs; source region: > 20° N, above zonal mean tropopause). The FTIR data exhibit significantly differing signatures in free-tropospheric {H2O, δD} pairs (5 km a.s.l.) – given as the mean with uncertainty of ±2 standard error (SE) – for TUS (VMRH2O = 2.4 [2.3, 2.6] × 103 ppmv, δD = −315 [−326, −303] ‰), TNA (2.8 [2.6, 2.9] × 103 ppmv, −251 [−257, −246] ‰), and STIs (1.2 [1.1, 1.3] × 103 ppmv, −384 [−397, −372] ‰). For TUS events, {H2O, δD} observations depend on surface temperature in the source region and the degree of dehydration having occurred during updraft in warm conveyor belts. During TNA events (dry convection of boundary layer air) relatively moist and weakly HDO-depleted air masses are imported. In contrast, STI events are associated with import of predominantly dry and HDO-depleted air masses. These long-range-transport patterns potentially involve the import of various trace constituents to the central European free troposphere, i.e., import of pollution from North America (e.g., aerosol, ozone, carbon monoxide), Saharan mineral dust, stratospheric ozone, and other airborne species such as pollen. Our results provide evidence that {H2O, δD} observations are a valuable proxy for the transport of such tracers. To validate this finding, we consult a database of transport events (TNA and STI) covering 2013–2015 deduced by data filtering from in situ measurements at Zugspitze and lidar profiles at nearby Garmisch. Indeed, the FTIR data related to these verified TNA events (27 days) exhibit characteristic fingerprints in IWV (5.5 [4.9, 6.1] mm) and δDcol (−266 [−284, −247] ‰), which are significantly distinguishable from the rest of the time series (4.3 [4.1, 4.5] mm, −316 [−324, −308] ‰). This holds true for 136 STI days considering uncertainties of ±1 SE (4.2 [4.0, 4.3] mm, −322 [−327, −316] ‰) with respect to the remainder (4.6 [4.5, 4.8] mm, −302 [−307, −297] ‰). Furthermore, deep stratospheric intrusions to the Zugspitze summit (in situ humidity and beryllium-7 data filtering) show a significantly lower mean value (−334 [−337, −330] ‰) of lower-tropospheric δD (3–5 km a.s.l.) than the rest of the 2005–2015 time series (−284 [−286, −282] ‰) considering uncertainty of ±2 SE. Our results show that consistent {H2O, δD} observations at Zugspitze can serve as an operational indicator for long-range-transport events potentially affecting regional climate and air quality, as well as human health in central Europe.

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Gorenstein, Scott, Michael Bain, Alisha Oropallo, George Koullias und Michael Sabolinski. „Effectiveness of a Purified Type I Collagen Matrix Plus the Antimicrobial Polyhexamethylene Biguanide for Use in Cutaneous Wounds: Analysis of a Population of Three Combined Registries“. Wounds: a compendium of clinical research and practice 35, Nr. 9 (2023): e290-e296. http://dx.doi.org/10.25270/wnds/20174.

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Introduction. Chronic wounds represent a significant burden to the health care system and patients. Objective. This study determined the effectiveness of a wound scaffold comprised of PCMP for use in nonhealing, cutaneous wounds; this study analyzes pooled data from the population of 3 combined registries. Materials and Methods. A total of 3 combined registry populations were pooled from a single-center study of 41 patients, a single-center study of 86 patients, and the RESPOND Registry of 307 patients treated at 28 centers. All 434 patients received PCMP and were followed for up to 48 weeks. Male and female patients 18 years or older with wounds between 0.2 cm2 and 200 cm2 were included. Results. In total, there were 95 VLUs, 78 DFUs, 90 PIs, 73 PSWs, and 98 wounds of other etiologies analyzed. The mean baseline area, depth, and volume of all 434 wounds was 15.1 cm2, 4.9 mm, and 7.2 cm3, respectively. K-M median time to wound closure for all wounds was 19 weeks. At weeks 20, 24, 28, and 48, the frequency of wound closure for all wounds was 51%, 56%, 62%, and 72%, respectively. The median time to closure by wound type was 22 weeks for VLUs, 24 weeks for DFUs, 23 weeks for PIs, 12 weeks for PSWs, and 14 weeks for other wounds. The proportion of wounds closed were 72% (VLUs), 52% (DFUs), 63% (PIs), 95% (PSWs), and 67% (other etiologies). Conclusions. This 434-patient PCMP cohort analysis showed 72% wound closure and median time to wound closure of 19 weeks. PCMP demonstrated effectiveness for use in multiple wound types.

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Pallares, C., L. Paz-Ares, J. López-Picazo, R. Pérez-Carrión, A. Montes, G. López-Vivanco, J. De Castro et al. „Erlotinib as single agent in patients (p) with advanced or metastatic NSCLC: A multivariate analysis in a prospective study“. Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, Nr. 18_suppl (20.06.2006): 7180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.7180.

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7180 Background: Erlotinib is the first orally available selective EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitor that improves survival in 2nd and 3rd line therapy for NSCLC. This non-randomised, phase II trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of erlotinib in patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Methods: Patients with previously treated advanced or metastatic NSCLC or patients that were not suitable for first line conventional chemotherapy, stage IIIB/IV, PS 0–2 were enrolled to receive erlotinib 150 mg/day until disease progression or withdrawal. The primary endpoint of the study was time to progression (TTP) in the intent to treat (ITT) population. A multivariate analysis (Cox-model) was performed. Results: 416 patients were enrolled from June 04 to March 05. Demographics: M 78%/F 22%; median age 64 y [range 28–100]; stage IV 91.6%; PS 0/1/≥2: 65 (16%)/227 (55%)/105 (25%); adeno histology 178p (43%), SCC 121p (29%), BAC 3p (0.7%), LLC 2p (20%), other 29p (7%); smoking status: yes 349 p (84%) no 62 p (15%). 1st line: 60p (14.4%); 2nd line 181p (43.5%) and ≥ 3rd line 175p (42%). 230 patients had measurable disease and were evaluable for response: 1CR, 30 PR (ORR: 13.4%), 98 SD, and 101 PD. Toxicity was predictable (mainly rash, and diarrhoea). In the ITT population the median TTP was 3.2 m [95% CI 2.8–3.6]. For evaluable population median TTP was 4.6 m in 1st line, 3.23 m in 2nd line, and 2.8 m in 3rd line. Exploratory analysis showed that ORR was associated with gender, smoking history, previous treatment and histology. The multivariate analysis for TTP showed that no smoking history (p < 0.005), adeno histology (p < 0.0001), and erlotinib as 1st line treatment (p < 0.02) correlated with better TTP. Conclusions: Erlotinib is an active and very well tolerated treatment in patients with advanced NSCLC untreated or that have previously failed to conventional chemotherapy. Our data suggest that non smoking history, adeno histology and erlotinib as 1st line treatment are associated with better TTP. The study is ongoing. [Table: see text]

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Silva, David W., und Benito P. Damasceno. „Demência na população de pacientes do Hospital das Clínicas da Unicamp“. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 60, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2002): 966–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2002000600020.

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OBJETIVO: Descrever subtipos de demência em pacientes atendidos no HC-UNICAMP. METODO: No período 1989-1998, foram admitidos 261 pacientes com demência (89,7% estudados retrospectivamente, e 10,3% prospectivamente); idade 63,5 anos (±13,2) e educação 3,6 anos (±3,9; 25% analfabetos). O diagnóstico de demência e seus subtipos baseou-se no DSM-IV, CAMDEX, NINCDS-ADRDA, NINDS-AIREN/ADDTC, Lund-Manchester, tap-teste liquórico, exames laboratoriais e de neuroimagem. RESULTADOS: Sessenta e cinco pacientes (24,9%) tinham demência vascular, 62 (23,7%) Alzheimer, 28 (10,7%) hidrocefálica, 29 (11,1%) pseudodemência depressiva, 12 (4,6%) pós-traumática, 9 (3,4%) frontotemporal, 14 (5,4%) demência mista e 38 (14,5%) causas diversas ou desconhecidas. A demência foi mínima ou leve em 123 pacientes (47,1%), moderada em 45 (36,4%) e grave em 43 (16,5%). CONCLUSÃO: A proporção de demência vascular foi 24,9%, Alzheimer 23,7%, e hidrocefalia de pressão normal 10,7%, contrastando com a da literatura (20-30%, 50% e 1-4%, respectivamente), provavelmente por se tratar de casos admitidos num hospital terciário. Estudos epidemiológicos são necessários para avaliar a real proporção das síndromes demenciais na população.

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Yayé Abdou, Hassane, Guiguigbaza-Kossigan Dayo, Mahaman Maaouia Abdou Moussa und Moumouni Issa. „Caractérisation des moutons Peulhs blanc et bicolore du Niger par des variables quantitatives“. Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 76 (13.04.2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.37085.

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Les caractéristiques morphologiques des moutons Peulhs du Niger, à savoir le blanc ou Bali-Bali, et le bicolore ou Oudah, sont très peu connues et peu différenciées. L’objectif de cette étude a été de caractériser quantitativement ces animaux par des mesures morphobiométriques. Ces mesures ont porté sur 27 caractères quantitatifs de 681 individus dont 374 moutons Oudah (312 brebis et 62 béliers) et 307 moutons Bali-Bali (241 brebis et 66 béliers). Les résultats ont montré que les moutons Peulhs étaient de grand format. Les mensurations moyennes des individus, tous adultes, étaient respectivement chez les Bali-Bali et les Oudah de 79,4 ± 4,7 et 80,3 ± 4,6 cm pour la hauteur au garrot, 77,3 ± 5,0 et 77,9 ± 5,4 cm pour la longueur scapulo-ischiale, et 86,7 ± 5,9 et 88,3 ± 6,0 cm pour le tour de la poitrine. Le dimorphisme sexuel était marqué avec des mâles présentant des valeurs moyennes de certains caractères morphologiques significativement supérieures à celles des femelles. Cette étude est une étape dans la contribution à l’élaboration de stratégies durables de gestion, de conservation et d’amélioration des moutons Peulhs du Niger.

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Katz, David, und Mark Mortier. „RF21 | PSAT100 HPA Axis Modulation by a Potent Inhibitor Indicates 11Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (HSD-1) Is a Significant Contributor to Cortisol Levels“. Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (01.11.2022): A135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.275.

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Abstract Background HSD-1, an intracellular enzyme, converts cortisone to cortisol in target tissues in which cortisol excess is associated with morbidity including liver, adipose, bone, brain, muscle, skin, and eye. SPI-62 is a potent HSD-1 inhibitor in Phase 2 development for treatment of Cushing's syndrome and autonomous cortisol secretion, and as adjunctive therapy to prednisolone in polymyalgia rheumatica. In Phase 1 clinical trials SPI-62 was generally well tolerated and associated with maximal liver and brain HSD-1 inhibition. Methods We analyzed data from a multiple ascending dose trial (1) to characterize the contribution of HSD-1 to intracellular cortisol that can bind to intracellular receptors as well as HPA and HPG axis modulation by SPI-62. Data from all non-elderly subjects who received 10-50 mg SPI-62 (doses that achieved maximal liver HSD-1 inhibition) were combined for analysis. ANCOVA models with a treatment effect and baseline covariate were conducted; reported statistics are least squares means and standard errors. Results Compared to placebo (n=10), single doses of SPI-62 (n=40) were associated with 24-hour urinary tetrahydrocortisol (2.27[0.134] v 4.44[0.269] mmol) and allotetrahydrocortisol (2.98[0.146] v 4.80[0.291] mmol) decreases, and 24-hour urinary tetrahydrocortisone (32.71[1.149] v 9.19[2.300] mmol) increase. Serum cortisol was decreased at 2-hours (152.2[11.64] v 226.6[24.00] nM) but not at 4- or 12-hours post-dose. ACTH was increased at 4- and 12-hours (45.6[1.64] v 32.1[3.29]; 38.5[1.67] v 26.3[3.33] pg/mL) but not at 2-hours post-dose. After 14 daily doses, SPI-62 was associated with 24-hour urinary tetrahydrocortisol (2.05[0.154] v 4.36[0.321] mmol), allotetrahydrocortisol (2.75[0.181] v 4.13[0.377] mmol), and tetrahydrocortisone (42.73[1.968] v 8.51[0.410] mmol) changes. ACTH was increased at pre-dose and 2-, 4-, and 12-hours post-dose (47.3[2.13] v 30.4[4.45]; 45.6[1.71] v 27.0[3.61]; 45.3[1.79] v 35.2[3.72]; 34.4[1.71] v 18.8[3.57] pg/mL). No differences on urinary cortisol or cortisone, serum cortisone, or CRH were observed after single or multiple doses. After multiple doses, SPI-62 was associated with increased DHEA-S (342.2[9.94] v 155.0[20.52] mg/dL) and, in females, testosterone (2.1[0.11] v 1.4[0.25] nM). No differences on aldosterone, estradiol, FSH, LH, progesterone, or SHBG were observed. Discussion Single SPI-62 doses resulted in ∼40-50% decreases of urinary cortisol metabolites which indicate similar decrease of hepatocellular cortisol. Following a corresponding decrease, circulating cortisol homeostasis was restored rapidly by ACTH increase. Urinary cortisol was not affected. As other HSD-1 inhibitors, SPI-62 is associated with moderate androgen increases that, to date, appear not to be associated with adverse effects. As HSD-1 contributes much of the intracellular cortisol that can access intracellular receptors in target tissues for cortisol morbidity, we hypothesize that HSD-1 inhibitors have potential as treatments for conditions of cortisol excess such as Cushing's syndrome and autonomous cortisol secretion. Reference (1) Bellaire et al., Clin. Transl. Sci. 2019 May;12(3): 291-301. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m., Sunday, June 12, 2022 1:06 p.m. - 1:11 p.m.

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Mahtab, Naushaba Tarannum, Nusrat Mahmud, Tanzeem Sabina Chowdhury, TA Chowdhury und Tanjima Begum. „A follow-up study on fertility and menstrual pattern in infertile patients after laparoscopy in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh“. BIRDEM Medical Journal 10, Nr. 2 (23.06.2020): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v10i2.47744.

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Background: Routine use of diagnostic laparoscopy for the evaluation of all cases of female infertility is under debate. Until now, laparoscopy has been widely used as a diagnostic and therapeutic means of treating infertility. This study investigates the fertility outcome for women 2 to 3 years after laparoscopic management. It assessed the benefit and effectiveness of both diagnostic and laparoscopic ovarian drilling regarding reproductive outcome and menstrual regularity. Methods: From May 2013 to November 2014, a total of 303 infertile women undergoing laparoscopy at BIRDEM Hospital, were asked to participate in the study. Sixty subjects were lost to follow up making the study sample size 243. Results: Mean age at the time of laparoscopy was 29.86 ± 4.6 (range 21 - 43) years, 61.7% of women (150 cases) were nulliparous, 38.3% (93 cases) had one child, abortion or ectopic pregnancy. From the time of index surgery to follow-up, 40.3% (98) of women who had tried to conceive had home pregnancy test positive and 25.5% (62) had a live birth following their surgery. Among these 62 subjects, 33 underwent Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling (LOD) and other 29 had diagnostic laparoscopy along with or without other laparoscopic manipulations. A Chi-square test has revealed that there was significant increase in regularization of menstrual cycle among irregularly menstruating women after laparoscopy indicating regular ovulatory cycles. Conclusion: Laparoscopic procedures can lead to positive results while treating infertility as well as menstrual disturbances, thus establishing a defined position in current fertility practice. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(2): 125-129

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Stansbury, Mark. „TEXTUAL CRITICISM - (M.D.) Reeve Manuscripts and Methods. Essays on Editing and Transmission. (Storia e Letteratura 270.) Pp. xviii + 430, ill. Rome: Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura, 2011. Paper, €62. ISBN: 978-88-6372-302-1.“ Classical Review 64, Nr. 2 (17.04.2014): 479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009840x1400047x.

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Scott, Emma S., Rachel T. McGrath, Andrzej S. Januszewski, Daniel Calandro, Anandwardhan A. Hardikar, David N. O'Neal, Gregory Fulcher und Alicia J. Jenkins. „HbA1c variability in adults with type 1 diabetes on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy compared to multiple daily injection (MDI) treatment“. BMJ Open 9, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2019): e033059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033059.

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ObjectiveTo determine if continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy is associated with lower glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) variability (long-term glycaemic variability; GV) relative to multiple daily injection (MDI) treatment in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).DesignRetrospective audit.Setting and participantsClinic records from 506 adults with T1DM from two tertiary Australian hospitals.Outcome measuresLong-term GV was assessed by HbA1c SD and coefficient of variation (CV) in adults on established MDI or CSII therapy, and in a subset changing from MDI to CSII.ResultsAdults (n=506, (164 CSII), 50% women, mean±SD age 38.0±15.3 years, 17.0±13.7 years diabetes, mean HbA1c 7.8%±1.2% (62±13 mmol/mol) on CSII, 8.0%±1.5% (64±16 mmol/mol) on MDI) were followed for 4.1±3.6 years. CSII use was associated with lower GV (HbA1c SD: CSII vs MDI 0.5%±0.41% (6±6 mmol/mol) vs 0.7%±0.7% (9±8 mmol/mol)) and CV: CSII vs MDI 6.7%±4.6% (10±10 mmol/mol) vs 9.3%±7.3% (14±13 mmol/mol), both p<0.001. Fifty-six adults (73% female, age 36±13 years, 16±13 years diabetes, HbA1c 7.8%±0.8% (62±9 mmol/mol)) transitioned from MDI to CSII. Mean HbA1c fell by 0.4%. GV from 1 year post-CSII commencement decreased significantly, HbA1c SD pre-CSII versus post-CSII 0.7%±0.5% (8±5 mmol/mol) vs 0.4%±0.4% (5±4 mmol/mol); p<0.001, and HbA1c CV 9.2%±5.5% (13±8 mmol/mol) vs 6.1%±3.9% (9±5 mmol/mol); p<0.001.ConclusionsIn clinical practice with T1DM adults relative to MDI, CSII therapy is associated with lower HbA1c GV.

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Naraev, Boris, Nancy Sharma, Eric Steven Engelman, David L. Bushnell, Thomas M. O'Dorisio und Thorvardur Ragnar Halfdanarson. „The use of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in patients with metastatic low-grade neuroendocrine tumors.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, Nr. 4_suppl (01.02.2012): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.308.

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308 Background: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is frequently used for patients (pts) with metastatic low grade neuroendocrine tumors (mNETs) in Europe, but it is not readily available in the USA. We report on 108 patients seen at the University of Iowa who underwent PRRT. Methods: Cases were identified by searching our institutional NET database. Early stage (AJCC 1-3) and high-grade tumors were excluded. Groups were compared using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test and survival calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Men were 62% and women 38%; median age at diagnosis was 52 years (25 – 78). The origin of the primary tumor was small bowel (SBNET) 43.5%, pancreas (PNET) 27.8%, lung 4.6%, unknown primary 11.1%, other sites 13%. PRRT was performed at the University of Basel, Switzerland in 72%, University of Iowa, USA in 26%, and elsewhere in 2%. 97 patients received two treatments. 90Y was used in 86% and 177Lu in 13% for the first PRRT. The survival of patients is shown in the table 1. Radiographic responses (any) at 1-6 months after PRRT were observed in 62%, 11% had a mixed response and 18% progressed. A biochemical response (>50% reduction) in chromogranin A and pancreastatin was seen in 16% and 19% respectively but data was frequently missing. Conclusions: Patients with mNETs enjoy a relatively long survival. The OS from 1st PRRT was considerably less than OS after diagnosis, suggesting that PRRT is used late in the disease course. PRRT appears to be a valuable treatment option for mNETs, especially SBNETS, and its role earlier in the disease course warrants investigation. [Table: see text]

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Zengin Ersoy, Gizem, Begüm Şirin Koç und Suar Çakı Kılıç. „Folate and Vitamin B12 Status in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients“. Nutrients 17, Nr. 3 (21.01.2025): 377. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030377.

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Background/Objectives: Vitamin B12 and folic acid (FA) are crucial for children’s hematopoiesis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study evaluates the B12 and FA level changes before and after HSCT. Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 125 patients who underwent HSCT between March 2019 and February 2024. B12 and FA levels were measured at three time points: before transplantation, one month after, and six months after. Sixty-two patients had complete data. B12 deficiency was defined as levels < 200 pg/mL and insufficiency as 200–300 pg/mL. Folate deficiency was classified as insufficiency ≤ 3 ng/mL, indeterminate for 4.0–5.8 ng/mL and typical for 5.9–26.8 ng/mL. Patients with B12 < 300 pg/mL and folic acid < 5 ng/mL were treated at all stages. Results: Among the 62 patients, 24 (38.7%) were girls, with a median age of 4 years (1.75–8.25). Median B12 levels were 398 pg/mL (pre-transplant), 892 pg/mL (1 month post), and 430 pg/mL (6 months post). The second time point had significantly higher B12 levels (p < 0.001). Median folate levels were 9.7 ng/mL, 6.95 ng/mL, and 11.3 ng/mL at the respective time points (p < 0.05), with the second time point significantly lower. Conclusions: Pediatric HSCT patients experience increased demands for B12 and FA despite accurate treatment, leading to potential deficiencies. Close monitoring, early supplementation, and supplementing high levels of these micronutrients are essential.

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Денисова, Ю. Л., und Н. И. Росеник. „Лечение эндопериодонтита с применением лазеротерапии“. Stomatologist. Minsk, Nr. 3(34) (September 2019): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32993/stomatologist.2019.3(34).9.

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Изучение особенностей лечения сочетанных воспалительно-деструктивных процессов в эндопериодонте является актуальным направлением современной стоматологической практики. Цель исследования. Разработать метод лечения эндопериодонтита c использованием лазеротерапии у пациентов с болезнями периодонта и оценить его клиническую эффективность. Объекты и методы. Проведено клиническое обследование и молекулярногенетическое исследование содержимого патологического зубодесневого кармана в области интактных зубов 3.6 и 4.6 с хроническим эндопериодонтитом у 62 пациентов в возрасте 35–44 лет с болезнями периодонта. Пациентам 1-й группы применяли традиционное периодонтологическое лечение, а 2-й группы – периодонтологическое лечение в сочетании с лазеротерапией. Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. В процессе наблюдения за группой пациентов с эндопериодонтитом установлено выраженное лечебно-профилактическое действие лазеротерапии, которое отразилось в обезболивающем эффекте (по показателям субъективных ощущений, p < 0,05), противовоспалительном действии (по показателям GI, ПЦР-РВ, p < 0,05) и ускорении восстановительных процессов (по данным ЭОМ, зондирования ЗДК, PI, КЛКТ, p < 0,05). Заключение. Разработан и внедрен в клиническую практику новый способ лечения эндопериодонтита с применением лазеротерапии, который дает возможность получить положительные результаты до 96,8% в уменьшении интенсивности воспаления и эффективном ускорении восстановительных процессов в тканях периодонта, что открывает широкие перспективы его использования в клинической практике (инструкция по применению № 047-0518: утверждена Министерством здравоохранения Республики Беларусь 01.06.2018 г).

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Kuter, David J., Atul Mehta, Carla Hollak, Pilar Giraldo, Derralynn Hughes, Nadia Belmatoug, Monika Brand et al. „Miglustat Therapy in Type 1 Gaucher Disease: Long-Term Treatment Experience From a Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study“,. Blood 118, Nr. 21 (18.11.2011): 3207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3207.3207.

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Abstract Abstract 3207 Introduction: Miglustat (Zavesca®) was approved for the treatment of adults with mild-to-moderate type 1 Gaucher disease (GD1) for whom enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is either unsuitable or not a therapeutic option in the EU in 2002 and in the USA in 2003. However, data from real-world clinical experience with miglustat remain limited. Methods: Medical chart data were collected from consecutive adult GD1 patients who initiated commercial miglustat therapy at centers in 9 EU countries or the US after 20th November 2002. Both ERT-naïve and ERT-pretreated patients were included. Follow-up data were collected from miglustat initiation to the end of the observation period (i.e. last information/visit before the end of the study on 31st December 2008, death or loss to follow up). Data on patient demographics, medical history and disease characteristics were collected. Outcome assessments included hematological and biochemical parameters, liver/spleen volumes, gastrointestinal signs/symptoms and neurological manifestations. Results: 115 patients (55% female; mean±SD age at miglustat initiation 45±14 years) were enrolled, among whom 34 (30%) were ERT-naïve and 81 (70%) were ERT-pretreated. The median (range) miglustat exposure was 15 (1 – 53) months in ERT-naïve and 15 (0 – 62) months in ERT-pretreated patients. At the time of miglustat initiation the median (range) hemoglobin concentration in ERT-naïve patients (n=24) was 12.8 (10.2 – 16.4) g/dl, and in ERT-pretreated patients (n=65) it was 13.6 (7.3 – 17.4) g/dl; 5 patients in each group had anemia. The median (range) change in hemoglobin from miglustat initiation to last assessment in ERT-naïve patients was 0.3 (−2.5 – 3.6) g/dl, and in ERT-pretreated patients it was −0.3 (−4 – 4.6) g/dl. In the subgroup of patients with anemia the median (range) change was 1.3 (0.1 – 3.6) g/dl in the 5 ERT-naïve patients and 2.6 (−2.7 – 4.6) in the 5 ERT-pretreated patients. At the time of miglustat initiation the median (range) platelet count in ERT-naïve patients (n=25) was 101 (37 – 730) ×109/l, and in ERT-pretreated patients (n=65) it was 173 (43 – 382) ×109/l; 12 patients in the ERT-naïve and 9 in the ERT-pretreated group had thrombocytopenia. The median (range) change in platelet count was 8 (−77 – 145) ×109/l in ERT-naïve patients and −10 (−144 – 434) ×109/l in ERT-pretreated patients. In the subgroup of patients with thrombocytopenia, the median (range) change was 31 (−29 – 145) ×109/l in the 12 ERT-naïve patients and 14 (−32 – 434) ×109/l in the 9 ERT-pretreated patients. Plasma chitotriosidase was highly variable. Substantial median (range) reductions were seen in 20 evaluable ERT-naïve patients [−1365 (−13216 – 3477) nmol/ml/h] but not in the 43 evaluable ERT-pretreated patients [20 (−2700 – 12431) nmol/ml/h]. Few patients had spleen and liver organ volume data recorded. Forty-nine patients (43%) discontinued miglustat during the observation period. Tolerability issues, primarily gastrointestinal, were the most frequent reason for discontinuation, accounting for 32 (28%) of all 115 patients. Other reasons included: non-medical (n=7), insufficient efficacy (n=5), switch to ERT (n=4), and patient death (n=1). Tremor was observed in 3/115 (3%) patients before, and in 18/115 (16%) after miglustat initiation. Conclusions: Based on hematological parameters, we observed that miglustat can maintain disease stability in GD1 patients, irrespective of previous ERT therapy. Although based on a limited number of patients, benefits appeared more pronounced in analyses of anemic and thrombocytopenic patients. Gastrointestinal manifestations remain a concern, leading to discontinuation in around one-third of patients. The safety profile of miglustat was similar to that in previous clinical trials. Disclosures: Kuter: Actelion: Consultancy. Mehta:Actelion: Consultancy. Hollak:Actelion: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Hughes:Actelion: Consultancy. Belmatoug:Actelion: Consultancy, Research Funding. Brand:Actelion: Employment. Muller:Actelion: Employment. Schaaf:Factum Gmbh: Consultancy. Giorgino:Actelion: Employment. Zimran:Actelion: Honoraria.

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Terada, Tasuku, Daniele Chirico, Heather E. Tulloch, Kyle Scott, Andrew L. Pipe und Jennifer L. Reed. „Sex differences in psychosocial and cardiometabolic health among patients completing cardiac rehabilitation“. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 44, Nr. 11 (November 2019): 1237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2018-0876.

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Current programs of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) typically provide a standardized approach to all patients. We examined whether CR would produce similar improvements in psychosocial and cardiometabolic health indicators in women compared with men. The records of patients who completed a 3-month outpatient CR program were examined. We compared health-related quality of life (i.e., Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores), anxiety, depression, and cardiometabolic health indicators between women and men completing CR. Of the 591 participants who completed CR, 155 (26.2%) were women and 436 (73.8%) were men. At baseline, women were older (64 ± 9 vs. 62 ± 9 years, p = 0.045), had lower PCS (39.5 ± 8.1 vs. 43.9 ± 7.8 points, p < 0.001), and MCS (46.6 ± 10.8 vs. 49.4 ± 9.8 points, p = 0.003) scores, experienced elevated levels of anxiety (6.4 ± 4.0 vs. 5.2 ± 4.0 points, p = 0.001) and depression (4.7 ± 3.5 vs. 3.6 ± 3.3 points, p = 0.001), and had higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (2.1 ± 0.9 vs. 1.7 ± 0.7 mmol/L, p < 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.4 ± 0.4 vs. 1.1 ± 0.3 mmol/L, p < 0.001) concentrations when compared with men. Following CR, women showed smaller improvements in percent body mass (+1.1% ± 10.1% vs. −2.1% ± 9.7%, p = 0.002) and PCS scores (3.0 ± 8.1 vs. 6.3 ± 7.5 points, p < 0.001) when compared with men. Considering poorer psychosocial health at baseline and smaller improvements in health-related quality of life in women when compared with men, more specific CR strategies addressing the particular needs of women are required to improve their health status and reduce the risk of secondary cardiac events.

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Elfimova, Eugeniya, Oxana Mikhailova, Nikolai Danilov, Alexander Litvin, Alexander Pevzner und Irina Chazova. „412 Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients referred for sleep apnea diagnostics“. Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (01.05.2021): A163—A164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.411.

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Abstract Introduction The aim to evaluate the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension according to echocardiography in patients referred for sleep apnea diagnostics. Methods We included 145 patients referred to Sleep laboratory for sleep apnea diagnostics. Mean age 63,8 ± 10,4 years, BMI 34,0 ± 5,7 kg/m2, AHI 31,3 ± 20,3/h, ODI 3% 28,2 ± 19,5/h, min SpO2 77,4 ± 9,8%, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (systolic PAP) 25,9 ± 16,4 mmHg. All patients underwent cardiorespiratory and respiratory diagnostics for sleep apnea and echocardiography. Results From the random sample of patients referred to Sleep laboratory 14,5% (21) had systolic PAP > 40 mmHg (by echocardiography). Patients with higher levels of systolic PAP (Systolic PAP, mmHg 49,9 [43,6; 56,2] vs 20,7 [19,9; 23,5],p=0.000) had more severe OSA (AHI 35,7 [27,1; 44,3] vs 26,6 [22,6; 30,6], p = 0.029, ODI 3%, /h 35,8 [25,1; 46,4] vs 23,8 [19,8; 27,8], p= 0.017) and were more obese (BMI 37,1 [33,8; 40,4] vs 33,4 [32,4; 34,5], p=0.024). Prevalence of AHI > 30 /h was 62% in group with systolic PAP > 40 mmHg vs 23% in the group with systolic PAP < 40 mmHg. We observed differences in echocardiography, in group with systolic PAP > 40 mmHg: left atrium (4.6 ± 0,5 vs 4,2 ± 0,4 cm, p=0.012), left atrium volume (94.0 ± 23.6 vs 71.7 ± 16.5 ml, p=0.001) and right atrium area (24.5 ± 4.9 vs 18.4 ± 3.8cm2, p=0.000) were higher. Though ejection fraction (58.2 ± 3.8 vs 59.0 ± 3.8%, p=0.268), interventricular septum thickness (1,13 ± 0,2 vs 1,06 ± 0,3 cm, p=0,654) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (1,05 ± 0,08 vs 1,00 ± 0,13 cm, p=0,117) didn’t differ. In terms of excessive daytime sleepiness, snoring and nocturia groups didn’t differ, as well as for the prevalence of arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure, diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusion Pulmonary hypertension is frequently observed in patients with OSA and appears to be related to the severity of sleep apnea and obesity. PH should be considered in the regular clinical assessment of all patients with sleep apnea, especially with severe form. Support (if any):

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Merle, Philippe, Agnes Rode, Anne-Frederique Manichon, Nadim Fares, Celia Prevost, Christian Ducerf, Mickael Lesurtel, Jean-Yves Mabrut und Francoise Mornex. „Single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ineligible for surgical resection (SR): High tumor control rate with conformal radiotherapy + transarterial chemoembolization (CRT + TACE).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, Nr. 4_suppl (01.02.2018): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.433.

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433 Background: SR is a curative therapy of single HCC. CRT is efficient for small HCC (≤ 5 cm), whereas its combination to TACE (CRT+TACE) is needed for large ( > 5 cm) HCC. However, SR remains the gold-standard in guidelines for large HCC. This work aims to compare these approaches. Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, on patients (pts) included at Lyon North Hepatobiliary Centre, Child-Pugh-A, single HCC. CRT+TACE was decided at the HCC board by ineligibility for SR, radiofrequency or liver transplantation. Outcome of pts was compared between CRT+TACE and SR. Continuous variables were assessed by the t-Student test, and survival analysis by the Cox proportional-hazards regression. Results: 178 pts (68 CRT+TACE, 110 SR), males 78%, cirrhosis 52%, etiology (alcohol 46%, HCV 17%, HBV 13%, NASH 30%), 103 small, 75 large HCC, median age 66 ys, tumor size 50 mm, AFP 8 ng/mL, albuminemia (ALB) 39 g/L, platelets (PLAT) 166 Giga/L, follow-up 33 months. CRT+TACE complete response rate: 92% small / 80% large HCC. Small HCC comparison: CRT+TACE vs SR: age (67 vs 64, P= NS), cirrhosis (94% vs 47%, P< 0.0001), ALB (36 vs 40, P= 0.0001), PLAT (150 vs 201, P= 0.02), AFP (381 vs 300, P= NS). CRT-TACE was a poor outcome factor in univariate analysis for overall survival (OS) (HR 2.32; P= 0.01), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR 1.90; P= 0.007), but did not remain independent in multivariate analysis due to combined factors: age > 70, cirrhosis, ALB < 35, PLAT < 100. Large HCC comparison: CRT+TACE vs SR: age (73 vs 62, P= 0.0008), cirrhosis (70% vs 25%, P= 0.0004), ALB (38 vs 39, P= NS), PLAT (173 vs 240, P= 0.01), AFP (5616 vs 3456, P= NS). CRT-TACE was a poor outcome factor only for OS (HR 3.01; P= 0.0007) in univariate analysis. After adjustment to other factors (age > 70, cirrhosis, PLAT < 100), CRT-TACE was not independent in multivariate analysis for OS ( P= 0.19). Conclusions: CRT+TACE induced an encouraging tumor control rate in a population of older pts, more deteriorated chronic hepatopathy than pts treated by SR. Especially for large HCC, SR was not better than CRT+TACE on the outcome. Prospective randomized trials are warranted to confirm these data.

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Owari, Miyatake und Suzuki. „Relationship between Food Dependence and Nicotine Dependence in Smokers: A Cross-Sectional Study of Staff and Students at Medical Colleges“. Medicina 55, Nr. 5 (23.05.2019): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55050202.

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Background and objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between nicotine dependence and food dependence in smokers. Smoking and obesity are both serious public health problems that give rise to diseases and increased medical expenses. Nicotine dependence is one of the sources of difficulty in smoking cessation, while food dependence is one of the causes of obesity. Materials and Methods: We examined the data of 72 (smoking vs. nonsmoking) and 62 (nicotine dependence vs. no nicotine dependence) subjects among 321 staff and students at medical colleges in Kagawa and Okayama prefectures in Japan. Results: There was a significant difference in food dependence (except women) between the smoking and nonsmoking groups (total: smoking 4.7 ± 6.1, nonsmoking 2.1 ± 2.0, p = 0.0411; men: smoking 4.0 ± 4.7, nonsmoking 2.0 ± 2.1, p = 0.0490). There was also a significant difference in food dependence (except women) between the nicotine dependence and no nicotine dependence groups (total: nicotine dependence 4.6 ± 6.3, no nicotine dependence 2.0 ± 2.1, p = 0.0370; men: nicotine dependence 3.6 ± 4.8, no nicotine dependence 1.6 ± 1.8, p = 0.0489). Conclusion: The findings showed that the smoking group (and nicotine dependence group) had higher food dependence than the nonsmoking group (and no nicotine dependence group). Our results indicate an interdependence between nicotine and food dependences.

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Falkenbach, Fabian, Francesco Di Bello, Natali Rodriguez Peñaranda, Mattia Longoni, Andrea Marmiroli, Quynh Chi Le, Zhe Tian et al. „Adverse In-Hospital Outcomes after Radical Prostatectomy in Leukemia History Patients“. Cancers 16, Nr. 15 (05.08.2024): 2764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16152764.

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Introduction: Leukemia history affects some radical prostatectomy (RP) patients. Although its prevalence and effect as an adverse risk factor are well known in cardiac surgery, the number of RP patients with a leukemia history, as well as their rate of adverse in-hospital outcomes, are unknown. Methods: We identified RP patients (National Inpatient Sample 2000–2019), stratified according to the presence or absence of a leukemia history. Descriptive analyses, propensity score matching (PSM, ratio 1:10), and multivariable logistic regression models were used. Results: Of 259,939 RP patients, 416 (0.2%) had a leukemia history. Their proportion increased from 0.1 to 0.2% covering the study span (p < 0.01). Leukemia history patients were older (median age, 64 vs. 62 years, p < 0.001). After PSM for age, insurance status, ethnicity, pelvic lymph node dissection, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, leukemia history RP patients exhibited higher rates of acute kidney injury (<2.6 vs. 0.9%; Odds Ratio [OR] 2.0, p = 0.02), more frequently underwent dialysis (3.6 vs. 1.9%; OR 1.9, p = 0.03), and more frequently had a length of stay exceeding one week (4.8 vs. 2.5%; OR 2.0, p = 0.006). Conclusions: Although leukemia history RP patients are rare, their numbers have increased. Renal complications and extended hospital stays are more frequent in those individuals.

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Chau, Mai Hai, Tran Thi Ngoan, Nguyen Van Phu, Le Van Cuong, Nguyen Trong Phu, Huynh Phuc Da und Dang Viet Hung. „Forest vegetation cover in Bu Gia Map National Park, Vietnam“. Journal of Forestry Science and Technology 9, Nr. 1 (2024): 012–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.55250/jo.vnuf.9.1.2024.012-017.

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Understanding the composition of tree species is essential for establishing conservation priorities. Bu Gia Map National Park is in the tropical rainforest zone of Southeast Vietnam. This paper is to analyse and assess tree species composition and biodiversity conservation in Bu Gia Map National Park. The diversity of plant species in Bu Gia Map National Park was studied to provide baseline information for conservation and sustainable management processes that will prolong the life of National Park. The results obtained from the study conducted on the plant species composition and forest vegetation in this national park revealed a total of 786 species, spanning 430 genera and 132 families, across three divisions of vascular plants: Polypodiophyta, Pinophyta, and Magnoliophyta. Among these are 300 species of timber plants, 270 species of medicinal plants, 62 species of edible plants, 74 species of ornamental plants, 40 species of industrial plants, 28 species of fiber plants, and 12 species of plants with unknown use. Notably, during the investigation period, Goniothalamus vietnamensis Ban and Myxopyrum smilacifolium Blume were newly recorded in the forest vegetation of Bu Gia Map National Park. The study also describes a variety of forest vegetation in the area, identifying two major forest vegetation types within Bu Gia Map National Park.

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Ozawa, Yuichi, Kouji Yamamoto, Shunichi Sugawara, Seiji Niho, Yuichiro Ohe, Hiroaki Okamoto, Katsuyuki Hotta, Norihiko Ikeda und Nobuyuki Yamamoto. „Comprehensive analysis of predictive factors for efficacy in concurrent chemo-radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, utilizing individual patient data from the Japan lung cancer society integrated clinical trial database: Is there room for further improvement?“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, Nr. 16_suppl (01.06.2024): 8043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.8043.

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8043 Background: The standard treatment for unresectable, locally advanced NSCLC is concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by durvalumab. While the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy is pivotal, the exploration into predictive factors of the efficacy is notably limited. Methods: The Japanese Lung Cancer Society (JLCS) integrated eight randomized Phase II/III trials (JCOG9812, JCOG0301, NJLCG0601, OLCSG0007, SPECTRA, TORG1018, WJOG5008L, WJTOG0105) concerning chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced NSCLC, constructing the JLCS Integrated Clinical Trial Database (JIDB), with individual data of 1288 patients. This study analyzed 1162 patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy, focusing on factors impacting PFS. A logistic regression with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses for 3-yr PFS were performed, and the five most related factors were further evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests. The impact of pneumonitis and esophagitis on PFS was also explored. Results: Age [median (Q1;Q3)]; 64 (57;71), male/female; 961/201, Ad/Sq/Oth; 580/446/134, PS 0/1/2; 562/578/5, stage IIIA/IIIB; 468/694, T factor 4/3/2/1/0; 436/158/341/156/3, N factor 3/2/1/0; 300/692/44/62, PS 0/1/2; 562/578/5, primary site; upper, middle/lower lobe; 599/161, BMI; 21.8 (19.7;24.0), weight loss (≥5% within 6m) yes/no; 135/644, LDH (IU/l); 203 (175;276), CRP (mg/dl); 0.70 (0.20;2.60), irradiated dose (Gy); 60 (60;60), combined regimen; platinum/taxane 303, CDDP/mitomycin/vindesine; 254, CDDP/5-FU-based; 196, CDDP/vinorelbine 87, CDDP/pemetrexed 50, others 272. The median PFS in all patients was 9.72m (95% CI; 9.33 – 10.38), with 3-yr, 5-yr, and 10-yr PFS rates of 19.7, 14.3, 10.1%. LASSO logistic regression identified Sq, lower lobe primary, age, pack-years, and weight loss as the top negative influencers. The PFS curve was significantly shorter in patients with lower lobe primary (median of 8.15 vs. 9.46m, p = 0.023) and weight loss (median of 7.29 vs. 9.72m, p < 0.0001). Pneumonitis occurred in 50.9% (grade≥3 in 6.7%) and esophagitis in 41.9% (grade≥3 in 3.9%). Grade≥2 pneumonitis shortened PFS (8.2 vs. 10.2m, p = 0.00015), while, unexpectedly, grade≥1 esophagitis was associated with longer PFS (12.9 vs. 8.6m, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy varies significantly based on the primary site. Weight loss is a significant predictor of efficacy, as is in metastatic disease. The impact of pneumonitis and esophagitis suggest that modifying lung and esophageal irradiation might enhance treatment efficacy. Further research in this area is still certainly warranted.

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Somfai, T., N. T. Men, H. Kaneko, J. Noguchi, S. Haraguchi, T. Nagai und K. Kikuchi. „62 COMPARISON OF SUGARS, COMBINATIONS OF PERMEABLE CRYOPROTECTANTS, AND EQUILIBRATION REGIMENS FOR THE SOLID SURFACE VITRIFICATION OF IMMATURE PORCINE OOCYTES“. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, Nr. 1 (2015): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv27n1ab62.

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Cryotop and solid surface vitrification are frequently used methods for the cryopreservation of porcine oocytes. These methods differ not only in the vitrification carrier but also in the cryoprotectant (CPA) treatment including the type of sugar, permeable CPA (pCPA) combinations, and the equilibration regimen. This study compared the distinct points of CPA treatment of these 2 methods to determine the optimum CPA treatment for the solid surface vitrification of immature porcine oocytes. We vitrified and warmed follicular cumulus-oocyte complexes by our method (Somfai et al. 2014 PLoS One 9, e97731). In each experiment, the vitrification solution consisted of 50 mg mL–1 polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0.3 M of the actual sugar, and 35% [v/v] in total of the actual pCPA combination (depending on the experiment). After warming, the cumulus-oocyte complexes were subjected to in vitro maturation, IVF, and embryo culture (Kikuchi et al. 2002 Biol. Reprod. 66, 1033–1041). Oocyte survival was assessed after IVF by morphological evaluation, and live oocytes were subjected to in vitro embryo culture. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were calculated from cultured oocytes on Day 2 (Day 0 = IVF) and Day 6, respectively. Each experiment was replicated at least 3 times. Results were analysed by ANOVA. In Experiment 1, we compared trehalose (n = 416) and sucrose (n = 440) as supplementations during vitrification and warming (0.3 M and 0.4 M of each, respectively). There was no significant difference between oocytes vitrified with trehalose or sucrose in terms of survival, cleavage, and blastocyst development (83.2% v. 80.3%, 39.7% v. 42.4%, and 3.6% v. 5.9%, respectively). Thus, vitrification and warming media were supplemented with sucrose thereafter. In Experiment 2, we compared 1 : 1 combinations of ethylene glycol with propylene glycol (EG+PG group, n = 452) and ethylene glycol with dimethyl sulfoxide (EG+DMSO group, n = 465) used as pCPA for equilibration (4% [v/v] pCPA in total for 15 min) and vitrification (35% [v/v] pCPA in total for 30 s). Oocyte survival rate was higher (P < 0.05) in the EG+PG group compared with the EG+DMSO group (73.8% v. 51.1%, respectively); however, cleavage and blastocyst development rates of surviving oocytes were not significantly different between the 2 groups (30.5% v. 44.5% and 4.1% v. 6.3%, respectively). In Experiment 3, we compared an equilibration treatment in 4% [v/v] of EG+PG for 13 to 15 min (regimen A, n = 368) with an equilibration in 15% [v/v] of EG+PG for 5 to 7 min (regimen B, n = 363) for oocyte vitrification. Survival, cleavage, and blastocyst development rates were higher (P < 0.01) for oocytes vitrified using regimen A compared with those vitrified using regimen B (82.5% v. 22.7%, 24.0% v. 7.7%, and 3.2% v. 0%, respectively). In conclusion, trehalose and sucrose are equally effective during vitrification and warming, the combination of EG+PG as pCPA is superior to EG+DMSO, and equilibration in 4% pCPA for 13 to 15 min is superior to that in 15% pCPA for 5 to 7 min for the vitrification of immature porcine oocytes.This work was partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26870839.

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Kim, Eun Hye, Jee-Hyun Yoon, Sung Soo Yoon, Jee Young Lee und Seong Woo Yoon. „Efficacy of Chemotherapy Integrated With Traditional Korean Medicine in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study“. Integrative Cancer Therapies 19 (Januar 2020): 153473542098345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735420983457.

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Background: This retrospective study investigated the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy (CTX) integrated with Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM) in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, in a single Korean center. Methods: From January, 2014 to February, 2019, patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who had received CTX were enrolled. Overall survival (OS), demographic characteristics, and adverse events were examined. Statistical analysis was utilized to evaluate the differences in characteristics and to compare the survival rates between the CTX group and CTX+TKM group. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare the differences in survival time. A Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the hazard ratio of the risk of mortality. Results: A total 37 participants were included and visited a TKM hospital 7.4 ± 8.3 months after being diagnosed with metastatic pancreatic cancer. The median age of the participants was 62 years; 26 patients (70.3%) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status between 0 and 2, and 23 patients (62.2 %) had first-line CTX failure. The median OS of all patients was 3.8 months (95% CI, 3.1-4.6). The CTX + TKM group showed longer survival (4.1 months; 95% CI, 2.4- .8) than the CTX group (2.4 months, 95% CI 0.2-4.6) but this was not statistically significant ( P = .217). Chemotherapy with TKM treatment for more than 30 days (CTX + TKM ≥ 30) significantly prolonged median OS (9.1 months; 95% CI, 3.6-14.5; P = .025) compared to chemotherapy alone. Cox hazard ratio analysis revealed that CTX + TKM ≥ 30 and prior chemotherapy were significantly independent prognostic factors for OS. The main herbs in the TKM treatment were Rhus verniciflua Stokes and Astragalus. Severe adverse events with respect to TKM treatment were not reported. Conclusions: TKM treatment integrated with chemotherapy may prolong OS in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer compared to chemotherapy treatment alone. More rigorous prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm this result.

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Hendricks, Sharief, Martin Sarembock, Ben Jones, Kevin Till und Mike Lambert. „The tackle in South African youth rugby union – Gap between coaches' knowledge and training behaviour“. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 12, Nr. 6 (02.11.2017): 708–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954117738880.

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In youth rugby union matches, tackle-related injuries account for 60% of all injuries, 62% of concussion injuries and almost 50% of spinal cord injuries (youth and amateur). Because of this high risk of injury, the inclusion of the tackle in youth rugby has been a topic of discussion in the public and a high priority research area for World Rugby. What a coach knows and his/her attitude toward player safety directly impacts the risk and performance profile of a player. The purpose of this study is to describe the tackle knowledge, attitudes and training behaviours of youth rugby coaches. The entire population of Western Province Rugby Union Premier A1 division (highest level of school rugby) under-19 rugby coaches (n = 8) completed a knowledge and attitude questionnaire and 96 field-training sessions were observed over four weeks. Coaches rated tackling (mean 3.9, 95% confidence interval 3.3–4.4), rucking (mean 3.8, 95% confidence interval 3.0–4.5) and ball-carrying (mean 3.6, 95% confidence interval 2.6–4.6) as high-risk of injury facets of play ( H = 30.8, p < 0.001). Coaching proper technique was rated as very important for safety (mean 4.6, 95% confidence interval 4.2–5.0) and performance (mean 4.8, 95% confidence interval 4.4–5.0, U = 28, p > 0.05). Of the 96 observed training sessions, tackle training was recorded 16% of the time (vs. 84% no tackle training, p < 0.001). Coaches were aware of the risk of injury in the tackle and rated the coaching of proper technique of utmost importance. These positive knowledge and attitudes did not transfer into their tackle training. The discrepancy between coaches' tackle knowledge and attitudes, and their training of the tackle might be related to how competent they believe themselves to be in delivering tackle training.

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Storz, Corinna, Susanne Rospleszcz, Esther Askani, Theresa Rothenbacher, Jakob Linseisen, Helmut Messmann, Carlo N. De Cecco et al. „Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Diverticular Disease and its Association with Adipose Tissue Compartments and Constitutional Risk Factors in Subjects from a Western General Population“. RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 193, Nr. 01 (12.08.2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1212-5669.

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Purpose To determine the association of asymptomatic diverticular disease as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with adipose tissue compartments, hepatic steatosis and constitutional risk factors within a cohort drawn from a Western general population. Materials and Methods Asymptomatic subjects enrolled in a prospective case-control study underwent a 3 Tesla MRI scan, including an isotropic VIBE-Dixon sequence of the entire trunk. The presence and extent of diverticular disease were categorized according to the number of diverticula in each colonic segment in a blinded fashion. The amount of visceral, subcutaneous, and total adipose tissue (VAT, SAT, and TAT) was quantified by MRI. Additionally, the degree of hepatic steatosis, indicated as hepatic proton density fat fraction (hepatic PDFF) was determined using a multi-echo T1w sequence. Constitutional cardiometabolic risk factors were obtained and univariate and multivariate associations were calculated. Results A total of 371 subjects were included in the analysis (58.2 % male, 56.2 ± 9.2 years). Based on MRI, 154 participants (41.5 %) had diverticular disease with 62 cases (17 %) being advanced diverticular disease. Subjects with advanced diverticular disease had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (BMI: 29.9 ± 5.1 vs. 27.5 ± 4.6, p < 0.001; respectively). Furthermore, all adipose tissue compartments were increased in subjects with advanced diverticular disease (e. g. VAT: 6.0 ± 2.8 vs. 4.2 ± 2.6 and SAT: 9.2 ± 3.6 vs. 7.8 ± 3.6, all p < 0.001, respectively). Similarly, subjects with advanced diverticular disease had significantly higher hepatic PDFF (4.9 [2.7, 11.4] vs. 6.1 [5.5, 14.6], p = 0.002). Conclusion Advanced diverticular disease is associated with an increased volume of adipose tissue compartments and BMI, which may suggest a metabolic role in disease development. Key Points: Citation Format

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Smulevich, A. B., E. B. Dubnitskaja, L. K. Pavlova und Y. V. Morosova. „Neurocognitive Impact of Umbilical Blood Stem Cells on Schizophrenic Patients“. European Psychiatry 24, S1 (Januar 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71434-8.

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Objective:To assess the safety and effectiveness of umbilical blood stem cells (UBSC) regarding neurocognition and social cognition in schizophrenic patients.Samples and methods:10 men (33,6±10,6 years old) with episodic type of paranoid schizophrenia in remission with dominating negative symptomatic (F20.04 in ICD-10), who gave the informed consent and received concentrate of 250 millions UBSC intravenously. the control sample (10 patients) meeting the key demographic and disorder criteria received placebo. All patients continued antipsychotic therapy in fixed doses. in the first phase, both samples previously examined against PANSS and MCCB received one injection of UBSC or placebo. in the second phase, ten patients received four injections of UBSC each, one injection every two weeks. the dynamic was rated before each injection and at the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 12th week after the last injection.Results:The date of the first phase points to a safety of UBSC injections (no serious or severe adverse events registered). the second phase proves the effectiveness of UBSC: the PANSS score drops from 24.5±2.4 to19.2±2.7(р< 0,001)on the negative psychopathology scale, and 41.2±6.8 to 30.82±4.4 on the general psychopathology scale. the neurocognition improved (р< 0,001) in speed of processing (30.6±1.6 to 49.4±1.7), attention (30.6±2.4 to 48.5±3.1), memory (39.7±1.4 to 56.1±1.4), verbal learning (41.3±1.7 to 62±3.2), visual learning (38.6±3.4 to 62.9±2.5), executive functions (35±2.2 to 59.5±2.5). However, the increase in social cognition was statistically nonsignificant (43.6±1.6 to 46.1±2.1).Conclusion:The cognitive impact of UBSC appears to be made via its obvious metabolic (nootropic) and psychostimulant actions.

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Stepanov, E. V., und V. T. Ivashkin. „Laser Based <sup>13</sup>C-urea Breath Test in Quantitative Assessment of Bacterial Colonization, Severity of Inflammation and Atrophy in Gastric Mucosa“. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology 32, Nr. 5 (01.02.2023): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2022-32-5-51-62.

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Aim: to compare the results of 13C-UBT with the data of morphological analysis of the gastric and duodenal mucosa obtained during gastroduodenoscopy in gastritis and peptic ulcer. To analyze the dependence of the results of diode laser spectroscopy (DLS) based 13C-UBT on age, nosology, activity and severity of the inflammatory process, the degree of atrophy and metaplasia.Materials and methods. The 13C-UBT DLS was performed in 525 patients before the start of eradication therapy and in 196 patients 10–12 weeks after its completion. The breath test was carried out according to a standard protocol using the BSIA patent kit (Great Britain). During endoscopy, 134 patients underwent a biopsy from the upper third of the body of the stomach, the antrum (within 5 cm from the pylorus along the greater curvature) and the duodenal bulb with histological examination with hematoxylin-eosin staining, PAS-reaction and Giemsa. Histological assessment of the state of the gastric mucosa was carried out according to a modified Sydney system with an assessment of morphological changes according to a 4-point visual analog scale (0 to 3+).Results. A total of 525 patients (301 men and 224 women) aged 15–80 years (median 39.8 ± 15.1 years) were examined. 239 (45.5 %) patients were diagnosed with chronic gastritis, chronic duodenitis (including erosive forms). In 286 (54.5 %) patients, peptic ulcer was diagnosed with localization in the stomach — in 42 (8 %), in the duodenum – in 238 (45.3 %), combined lesions — in 9 (1.7 %) cases. Based on the results of 13C-UDT DLS, H. рylori infection was detected in 447 patients. H. рylori was not found in erosive gastritis in 15 %, erosive duodenitis in 21 % and chronic non-erosive gastritis in 23 %. In peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, H. pylori was detected in 93 % and 97 %.A direct linear relationship between the results of the breath test and the quantitative content of H. рylori on the surface of the gastric mucosa was obtained. The parameters of laser 13C-UBT clearly correlate with the degree of severity of mononuclear infiltration of the mucosa (the strength of the connection is 0.78). When comparing the average values of laser 13C-UBT with the total assessment of the degree of mucosal neutrophilic infiltration, no significant relationship was found. With a slight severity of mucosal atrophy, the result of laser based 13C-UBT practically does not change; there is a tendency of a decrease in the breath test with an increase in atrophic changes.Conclusion. Indicators of 13C-UBT correlate with the quantitative content of H. pylori bacteria in the gastric mucosa, the severity of mononuclear infiltration of the gastroduodenal mucous, the severity of atrophic changes.

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A. RANIERI, Leilanhe, und Maâmar EL-ROBRINI. „Comportamento morfodinâmico sazonal da Praia da Romana, Ilha dos Guarás (NE do Pará), como indicativo do transporte litorâneo da área“. Pesquisas em Geociências 39, Nr. 3 (31.12.2012): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.37380.

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A Praia da Romana está situada na foz do rio Pará, o que lhe confere uma alta hidrodinâmica, com ventos (média anual de 4,6 m/s) e ondas (média anual de 1,5 m) vindos de NE, e meso-macromarés (3,4 m – março; 4,3 m – agosto) semidiurnas. Constatou-se que a praia é dissipativa, dominada por ondas no período menos chuvoso (RTR < 3) e por ondas e marés no período mais chuvoso (> 3 RTR < 7). As ondas apresentaram maior altura no período menos chuvoso (mínima de 1,49 m – setor leste; máxima de 1,62 m – setor central). O ângulo de incidência de ondas (α) foi maior no setor oeste durante todo o ciclo sazonal, sendo acrescido do período mais chuvoso (62° NE – janeiro e 80° NE – março) para o período menos chuvoso (85° NE – agosto). No setor central e oeste o ângulo não variou muito, sendo em média 20° NE e 25° NE, respectivamente. Houve acresção de sedimentos do período mais chuvoso ao menos chuvoso no setor oeste (Vv final: 409 m3/m), e erosão nos setores central e leste (Vv final: -306 m3/m, -339 m3/m, respectivamente). O coeficiente de variação da linha de costa (CVYb), no setor oeste variou de 8,05% (março, período mais chuvoso) à 9,08% (agosto, período menos chuvoso). No setor central, este percentual foi decrescente: 8,30% (março) à 7,43% (agosto), assim como no setor leste: 16,43% em março à 13,33% em agosto. Houve um comportamento quase padrão ao longo do ciclo sazonal para análise granulométrica: valores da média e assimetria aumentando do setor leste para o setor oeste, e aumento no grau de seleção e curtose do setor oeste ao setor leste. A praia é recoberta por areias finas (>2 – 3 phi), preferencialmente bem selecionadas e muito bem selecionadas (<0,35 – <0,50 phi), e o transporte de sedimentos é de E-W.

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Valberg, Stephanie J., Deborah Velez-Irizarry, Zoë J. Williams, Marisa L. Henry, Hailey Iglewski, Keely Herrick und Clara Fenger. „Enriched Pathways of Calcium Regulation, Cellular/Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cell Proliferation Characterize Gluteal Muscle of Standardbred Horses between Episodes of Recurrent Exertional Rhabdomyolysis“. Genes 13, Nr. 10 (14.10.2022): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13101853.

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Certain Standardbred racehorses develop recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis (RER-STD) for unknown reasons. We compared gluteal muscle histopathology and gene/protein expression between Standardbreds with a history of, but not currently experiencing rhabdomyolysis (N = 9), and race-trained controls (N = 7). Eight RER-STD had a few mature fibers with small internalized myonuclei, one out of nine had histologic evidence of regeneration and zero out of nine degeneration. However, RER-STD versus controls had 791/13,531 differentially expressed genes (DEG). The top three gene ontology (GO) enriched pathways for upregulated DEG (N = 433) were inflammation/immune response (62 GO terms), cell proliferation (31 GO terms), and hypoxia/oxidative stress (31 GO terms). Calcium ion regulation (39 GO terms), purine nucleotide metabolism (32 GO terms), and electron transport (29 GO terms) were the top three enriched GO pathways for down-regulated DEG (N = 305). DEG regulated RYR1 and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium stores. Differentially expressed proteins (DEP ↑N = 50, ↓N = 12) involved the sarcomere (24% of DEP), electron transport (23%), metabolism (20%), inflammation (6%), cell/oxidative stress (7%), and other (17%). DEP included ↑superoxide dismutase, ↑catalase, and DEP/DEG included several cysteine-based antioxidants. In conclusion, gluteal muscle of RER-susceptible Standardbreds is characterized by perturbation of pathways for calcium regulation, cellular/oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular regeneration weeks after an episode of rhabdomyolysis that could represent therapeutic targets.

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Asil, Mehmet, Ramazan Dertli, Murat Biyik, Ramazan Yolacan, Ozcan Erel, Salim Neselioglu, Huseyin Ataseven, Hakkı Polat und Ali Demir. „Dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis is disturbed in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease“. LaboratoriumsMedizin 42, Nr. 1-2 (25.04.2018): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2017-0018.

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AbstractBackground:Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Plasma thiols are major defense mechanisms against oxidative stress and undergo oxidation to form disulfides under oxidative conditions. This study was conducted to investigate thiol-disulfide homeostasis in NAFLD patients.Methods:Thirty patients with biopsy proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 40 patients with simple steatosis and 50 healthy controls were included in the study. Serum total and native thiol concentrations and serum disulfide concentration were measured using the Erel and Neselioglu’s method.Results:The mean serum total thiol concentrations in the NASH, simple steatosis and control groups were 415±64 μmol/L, 447±38 μmol/L and 480±37 μmol/L, respectively (p<0.001). The mean serum native thiol concentrations in the NASH, simple steatosis and control groups were 378±62 μmol/L, 416±41 μmol/L and 451±36 μmol/L, respectively (p<0.001). The mean serum disulfide concentrations in the NASH, simple steatosis and control groups were 18.5±6.3 μmol/L, 15.5±4.8 μmol/L and 14.9±3.6 μmol/L, respectively (p=0.005). The native thiol/total thiol ratio was significantly lower and the disulfide/total thiol and disulfide/native thiol ratios were significantly higher in the NASH group than in the simple steatosis and control groups.Conclusions:Thiol-disulfide homeostasis is disturbed and shifted toward disulfide side in NAFLD and NASH patients.

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Tulu, Selamawit, Tarekegne Tadesse und Addisu Alemayehu Gube. „Assessment of Antibiotic Utilization Pattern in Treatment of Acute Diarrhoea Diseases in Bishoftu General Hospital, Oromia Ethiopia“. Advances in Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2376825.

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Background. Majority of acute diarrhoeal diseases are self-limiting and do not require routine treatment. Treatment with empirical antimicrobials is recommended only for dysenteric and invasive bacterial diarrhoea. Irrational use of antibiotics in treatment of acute diarrhoea is common in clinical practice worldwide. This study was carried out to assess the pattern of antibiotic use for acute diarrhoeal diseases in Bishoftu General Hospital, East Shewa Ethiopia. Methods and Materials. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to April 30, 2016. Data were collected retrospectively from patients treated for diarrhoeal diseases from January 2015 to December 2015 using structured questionnaires and entered into SPSS (IBM 20) and descriptive statistics was carried out. Results. Among the 303 patients, 51.2% were males and 48.8% were females. Of them, 62% were children under five years. Two hundred sixty three (86.8%) patients received eight different types of antibiotics and cotrimoxazole (178 patients, 58.7%) was the most prescribed antibiotics, followed by ciprofloxacin (33, 10.9%) and amoxicillin (14, 4.6%). Based on the presence of blood in stools, 14.5% of cases were of invasive bacterial type. According to the recommendations of WHO, the rate of overuse of antibiotics was 72.3%. Conclusion. This study revealed that there was high overuse of antibiotics for both adults and children under five with acute diarrhoea in Bishoftu General Hospital. And Cotrimoxazole was the most prescribed antibiotic.

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Macharia, Lucy Wanjiku, Marianne Wanjiru Mureithi und Omu Anzala. „Burden of cancer in Kenya: types, infection-attributable and trends. A national referral hospital retrospective survey“. AAS Open Research 1 (25.09.2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12910.1.

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Background: Cancer in Africa is an emerging health problem. In Kenya it ranks third as a cause of death after infectious and cardiovascular diseases. Approximately 15% of the global cancer burden is attributable to infectious agents, with higher percentages in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to provide comprehensive hospital based data to inform policies Method: A retrospective survey was conducted at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) and Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) from 2008 to 2012. Data was obtained from the patients files using a pre-designed data collection form. The study was approved by the KNH/University of Nairobi and MTRH Ethics and Research Committees. Results: In KNH, the five most common cancers in females (n=300) were cervical 62 (20.7%), breast 59 (19.7%), ovarian 22 (7.3%), chronic leukemia 16 (5.3%), endometrial and gastric both with 15 (5%). In males (n=200) they were prostate 23 (11.5%), laryngeal 19 (9.5%), colorectal 17 (8.5%), esophageal 14 (7.0%) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma 12 (6%). The top infection-attributable cancers were: cervical 62 (12.4%), colorectal 31 (6.2%), gastric 26 (5.2%), prostate 23 (4.6%) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma 17 (3.4%). In contrast, in MTRH the five most common cancers in females (n=282) were breast cancer 74 (26.2%), cervical 41 (14.5%), Kaposi’s sarcoma 38 (13.5%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 15(5.3%) and ovarian 14 (5%) while in males (n=218) they were Kaposi’s sarcoma 55 (25.2%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 22 (10.1%), chronic leukemia 17 (7.8%), colorectal and esophageal cancers both with 16 (7.3%). The top infection-attributable cancers were: Kaposi’s sarcoma 93 (18.6%), cervical 41 (8.2%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 37 (7.4%), colorectal 27 (5.4%) and liver cancer 16 (3.2%). Conclusion: This study presents a picture of the burden of cancer and infection-attributable cancer from two referral hospitals in Kenya. Reducing the burden of infection-attributable cancers can translate to a reduction of the overall cancer burden.

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Kim, Sheehyun, Yoojoo Lim, Jun-Kyu Kang, Hwang-Phill Kim, Tae-You Kim und Tae-Yong Kim. „The role of serial circulating tumor DNA for predicting clinical outcomes of chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, Nr. 4_suppl (01.02.2023): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.433.

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433 Background: Serial circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis enables us to detect minimal residual disease, to estimate recurrence and to trace evolution of cancer. However, the role of ctDNA in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) who received palliative chemotherapy is still unclear. We performed this study to evaluate if serial ctDNA can predict clinical outcomes of chemotherapy and propose evolutionary findings during chemotherapy. Methods: The patients with histopathologically confirmed AGC and who received palliative chemotherapy were enrolled. Serial blood sample for ctDNA sequencing were obtained at baseline (BL) (before first-line chemotherapy), after first cycle and every 2-3 months until disease progression. ctDNA sequencing was performed for all samples using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) platform with a targeted gene panel including 106 genes. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions and deletions (Indels), and copy number variants (CNVs) were identified by ctDNA sequencing while serial ctDNA were monitored by tracing changes in the variants. ctDNA clearance was defined as no detection of any kind of variants or variant allele frequency (VAF) less than 0.1%. Results: A total of 50 patients were registered and 248 samples were collected. Median age was 62. HER2-positive GC were 5 (10.0%) and 49 received fluoropyrimidine plus platinum (1 did not receive chemotherapy). Response rate and median progression-free survival (PFS) were 42.9% and 10.7 months (95% CI, 7.9-13.6). Among 40 who were available for BL ctDNA, patients who were detected with ctDNA variant (D group) were 21 (52.5%). TP53 mutation was the most frequently observed genetic alteration in BL ctDNA (76.2%) and median copy numbers of ERBB2 in HER2-positive GC were 28 (range 2-42). D group were more frequently observed in tubular or papillary adenocarcinoma than in poorly cohesive carcinoma (69.0% vs. 9.1%, p = 0.001). Patients who were not detected with any kind of ctDNA variant (ND group) showed a trend in longer PFS, compared to D group, however it was not significant (10.5 vs 7.9 months, p = 0.29). In serial analysis during first-line chemotherapy, ctDNA clearance was observed in 14 (70.0%) out of 20 in D group. Patients with ctDNA clearance showed significantly longer PFS, compared with patients without ctDNA clearance (9.8 vs. 3.6 months, p < 0.001). Among 32 patients who had disease progression, increased VAF or re-development of previous BL ctDNA variants were observed in 16 (50.0%). Increased VAF or re-development of BL ctDNA were detected in 2.1 months earlier than clinical or radiologic deterioration. Conclusions: Serial ctDNA could predict clinical outcomes of chemotherapy and detect disease progression earlier than clinical or radiological findings in AGC. Further study for serial ctDNA is needed to find out the resistant mechanism and evolutionary process in cancer.

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Ilin, Aleksey, Dmitriy Semin, Pavel Isaev, Natalya Severskaya, Feliks Sevryukov, Vyacheslav Polkin, Sergey Vasilkov, Andrey Kaprin und Sergey Ivanov. „PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS, RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF 215 PATIENTS: FACTORS PREDICTING DISTANT METASTASES AND RECURRENCE OF THE DISEASE“. Problems in oncology 64, Nr. 6 (01.06.2018): 752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2018-64-6-752-757.

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We evaluated the results of treatment of 215 pediatric patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Median age at diagnosis was 14 (5 - 18 y.o). Thyroidectomy performed in 105, subtotalthyroidectomy in 8, lobectomy - in 102, additional lymph node dissection - in 169, radioiodine ablation/ therapy - in 102 patients. Follicular variant PTC was found in 41 (19%), solid - in 37 (17%), diffuse sclerosing - in 3 (1%), the remaining had a classical PTC with mainly papillary (90; 42%) or follicular (44; 21%) pattern. 21% had multifocal PTC, 4,6% - extrathyroidal extension, 62% - regional lymph node metastases, 12% - lung metastases. The follow up was 95 months (6 - 301 mo). All patients are alive. Recurrence of PTC occurred in 37 (17%): 7 - thyroid remnant, 26 - cervical lymph nodes, 4 - distant lung metastases. Prognostic factors for distant metastases were young age at diagnosis <12 years old (OR 3.4, р <0.022), tumor size more then 3 cm (OR 3.2, р <0.027) and lateral cervical lymph node metastases (OR 21.39, р <0.0001). Risk of recurrence was higher in multifocal PTC (OR 2.4, р <0.009), regional lymph node metastases (OR 7.4, р <0,008) and distant metastases (OR 3.2, р <0,01). The highest risk of relapse had the patients with solid variant of PTC. Radical surgery diminished the risk of relapse (OR 0.3, р <0.002). There was no evidence of impact of radioiodine therapy on risk of recurrence (р=0.66).

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Islam, Mohammad Mamoon, Abdul Kader Akanda, Mohammad Ullah, Md Shariful Alam, Md Gulam Mostofa, Md Zillur Rahman, Md Bonday Ali und Suchitra Basak. „Correlation between Microalbuminuria and Coronary Angiographic Severity in Non-diabetic Myocardial Infarction patients“. Cardiovascular Journal 15, Nr. 1 (10.10.2022): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v15i1.61911.

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Background: Microalbuminuria may have an association with myocardial infarction in absence of traditional risk factors like diabetes. The present study was intended to find the association between microalbuminuria and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in non-diabetic myocardial infarction patients. Methods: This cross sectional analytical study included 105 non-diabetic patients with myocardial infarction who underwent coronary angiography (CAG). The microalbuminuria was defined as urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30 -300 mg/g, while angiographic severity was measured by Gensini score with score e” 36 was taken as moderate to severe coronary artery disease (Group I) and score below 36 was termed as absent or mild coronary artery disease (Group II). Association of microalbuminuria with severity of coronary artery disease was determined. Results: Presence of microalbuminuria was found significantly higher (45%) in patients with moderate to severe coronary artery disease than that in patients with absent or mild CAD (4.6%). The Odds of having moderate to severe coronary artery disease in patients with microalbuminuria was observed to be 17 times (95% CI = 4.5 - 63) higher than that in patients without having this condition. Correlation between ACR and Gensini score was also found a significant positive relationship (r=0.702, p<0.001) with 70% of variation in Gensini score being explained by ACR. Conclusion: Microalbuminuria can be considered as a predictor of the severity of coronary artery disease in non-diabetic myocardial infarction patients. Cardiovasc j 2022; 15(1): 56-62

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Robertson, David Ross, Carlos J. Estapé, Allison M. Estapé, Ernesto Peña, Luke Tornabene und Carole C. Baldwin. „The marine fishes of St Eustatius Island, northeastern Caribbean: an annotated, photographic catalog“. ZooKeys 1007 (30.12.2020): 145–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1007.58515.

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Sint Eustatius (Statia) is a 21 km2 island situated in the northeastern Caribbean Sea. The most recent published sources of information on that island’s marine fish fauna is in two non-governmental organization reports from 2015–17 related to the formation of a marine reserve. The species-list in the 2017 report was based on field research in 2013–15 using SCUBA diving surveys, shallow “baited underwater video surveys” (BRUVs), and data from fishery surveys and scientific collections over the preceding century. That checklist comprised 304 species of shallow (mostly) and deep-water fishes. In 2017 the Smithsonian Deep Reef Observation Project surveyed deep-reef fishes at Statia using the crewed submersible Curasub. That effort recorded 120 species, including 59 new occurrences records. In March-May 2020, two experienced citizen scientists completed 62 SCUBA dives there and recorded 244 shallow species, 40 of them new records for Statia. The 2017–2020 research effort increased the number of species known from the island by 33.6% to 406. Here we present an updated catalog of that marine fish fauna, including voucher photographs of 280 species recorded there in 2017 and 2020. The Statia reef-fish fauna likely is incompletely documented as it has few small, shallow, cryptobenthic species, which are a major component of the regional fauna. A lack of targeted sampling is probably the major factor explaining that deficit, although a limited range of benthic marine habitats may also be contributing.

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Naveed Ashraf, Aatika Minhas, Rabia Tabasum, Amina Mobeen, Abida Faiz Talpur und Shahzad Munir. „Disease Spectrum and Outcome of Patients in PICU of Federal Govt. Polyclinic Hospital (FGPC) Islamabad“. Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University 20, Nr. 3 (09.06.2024): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.48036/apims.v20i3.1075.

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Objective: To summarize the spectrum of disease and outcome in children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of FGPCH. Methodology: It is a retrospective descriptive study conducted at Pediatric ward and Intensive care unit of Pediatric department of Federal Govt. Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad from June’2018 to June’2020. The outcome variables are classified as discharge from PICU, death, shift to the ward after stabilization, and referral to other hospitals due to the unavailability of further specialized services. Results: A total of 424 pediatric patients were included in this study. The overall mean age was 19.6±29.2 months and there were 239 (56.4%) males and 185 (43.6%) females. The most common diagnosis was pneumonia 37.3% (158/424), followed by sepsis and meningitis 14.6% each (62/424 each), and acute gastroenteritis 11.3% (48/424). There were 116 out of 424 (27.4%) who required ventilatory support in the PICU, while the remaining 308 (72.6%) did not require ventilatory support. In terms of outcomes, there were 106 (25.0%) pediatric patients who expired, 277 (65.3%) were shifted to the ward from PICU, 29 (6.8%) were discharged and 12 (2.8%) were referred to a specialized facility. The mean duration of stay was 3.1±2.7 days. Conclusion: The most susceptible age group was under five years with the highest mortality rate and the most common cause of death is pneumonia preceded by other infections which can be controlled with better preventive measures.

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Richardson, Paul G., Constantine S. Mitsiades, Kathleen Colson, Eileen Reilly, Laura McBride, Judy Chiao, Linda Sun et al. „Final Results of a Phase I Trial of Oral Vorinostat (Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid, SAHA) in Patients with Advanced Multiple Myeloma.“ Blood 110, Nr. 11 (16.11.2007): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.1179.1179.

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Abstract Background: The histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat was approved by the United States FDA in October 2006 for the treatment of cutaneous manifestations in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who have progressive, persistent or recurrent disease on or following 2 systemic therapies. Vorinostat has also demonstrated promising preclinical activity in multiple myeloma. Patients and Methods: A Phase I trial of oral vorinostat 200, 250 or 300 mg bid for 5 days each week of a 4 week cycle or 200, 300, or 400 mg bid for 14 days/3 week cycle until progressive disease or intolerable toxicity was conducted. Patients with measurable, relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma with adequate hematologic, hepatic, and renal function were eligible. The objectives were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) on each of the schedules and assess activity and safety. Results: Thirteen patients (median age, 63 years; median 7 prior systemic therapies) were enrolled. The MTDs were not determined due to early termination of the study due to the decision of the sponsor. One patient (250 mg bid 5 days/week) developed dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of grade 3 fatigue. There were no other DLTs and the maximum administered doses were 250 mg bid for 5 days each week of a 4-week cycle and 200 mg bid for 14 days/3-week cycle. Common drug-related adverse experiences included fatigue (69%), anorexia (62%), dehydration (46%), diarrhea (46%), and nausea (38%) and were mostly grade ≤ 2. Of 10 evaluable patients, 1 had a minimal response and 9 had stable disease (Table 1). Conclusions: Oral vorinostat was generally well tolerated at 250 mg bid for 5 days each week of a 4 week cycle or 200 mg bid for 14 days/3 week cycle in patients with advanced multiple myeloma. Modest activity was demonstrated in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma and combination studies with other anti-myeloma agents are warranted. Table 1. Clinical outcomes of patients per EBMT Criteria* Allocation Number Age Baseline Myeloma Stage Prior Systemic Therapies Prior Bone Marrow Transplant Baseline β2-microglobulin On-study Duration (days) Best Response EBMT = European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation; MR = Minimal Response; ND = Not Determined; NE = Not Evaluable; SD = Stable Disease. *Cohorts 3, 5, and 6 were not initiated. Cohort 1 (200 mg twice daily x 5 days/week) 1001 55 III 12 1 ND 41 NE 1002 47 II 3 1 2.0 254 SD 1003 64 III 4 0 2.6 62 SD Cohort 2 (250 mg twice daily x 5 days/week) 1004 38 I 5 0 1.7 55 SD 1005 74 III 7 1 6.7 240 MR 1006 65 ND 7 2 3.3 74 NE 1007 67 ND 1 0 10.1 118 SD 1008 42 III 5 0 4.7 109 SD 1009 50 III 5 0 1.4 123 SD Cohort 4 (200 mg twice daily x 14 days/3 weeks) 861 69 IIIa 16 1 4.6 56 SD 862 63 IIIa 20 1 3.1 25 NE 863 61 IIIa 10 1 2.7 62 SD 864 71 IIIa 16 1 11.0 155 SD

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Rhind, S. M., B. A. Morris, Jill Clayton und G. Gittus. „Effect of level of food intake at mating on the reproductive performance of ewes passively immunized against testosterone“. Animal Science 45, Nr. 1 (August 1987): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100036655.

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AbstractIn a 2 × 2 × 2 experiment, 296 Scottish Blackface ewes were fed to achieve one of two levels of body condition (high: condition scores ^2·75; low: condition scores ^2·50) by 2 weeks before joining with rams. Half of the ewes of each condition score were fed dried grass pellets ad libitum and 300 g hay per head daily, between 2 weeks before and 8 days after joining, while the remaining ewes were offered a live-weight maintenance ration comprising 750 g pellets and 400 g hay per head daily. From 8 days after joining the intake of all ewes was gradually changed, over a 2-week period, to 1250 g pellets and 400 g hay per head daily. Two days before joining, half of the ewes of each condition/intake group were passively immunized against testosterone. A total of 99 ewes were slaughtered 18 days after joining and their ovulation rate at the first mating determined. Ovulation rates were significantly affected by immunization (immunized: 2·31, control: 1·86, pooled s.e. = 0·055; P < 0·01) and food intake (ad libitum: 2·24, maintenance: I 92, pooled s.e. = 0·055; P < 0·05) but not by body condition at mating (high: 2·15, low: 2·02, pooled s.e. = 0·059; P > 0·05). Lambing rates were dependent on treatment (immunized: 1·82 control: 1·62, pooled s.e. = 0·044; P < 0·01), food intake (ad libitum: 1·85, maintenance: 1·59, pooled s.e. = 0·043; P < 0·01) and body condition (high: 1·82, low: 1·62, pooled s.e. = 0·044; P < 001). In ewes in a high body condition at mating, the effects of intake and immunization were additive but in ewes in low condition, immunization induced little improvement in performance in ewes fed ad libitum. Circulating antibody titres were lower in ewes fed ad libitum than in ewes offered a maintenance ration (1: 416 v. 1: 534, pooled s.e. = 14; P < 0·001), but ovulation rates and litter sizes were not related to titres.

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Menon, Rebekah, Ada Garcia und Alison Parrett. „Extensive and Unregulated Use of On-Pack Promotional Claims in Commercially Available Baby Foods in the UK“. Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (Juni 2021): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab056_006.

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Abstract Objectives The number, variety and use of commercially available complementary baby foods (CACF) in the UK is increasing. There are growing concerns about the nutritional quality and promotion of these products. We aimed to explore the use of on-pack claims and categorize the nature of promotional claims in CACF. Methods We surveyed all CACF available from online UK supermarkets and Amazon in 2020. CACF were classified according to product type (e.g., puree, snack). On-pack promotional claims were recorded and classified as marketing, composition, health (e.g., supports the nervous system) and nutrient claims (e.g., added iron). Claims which encouraged the use of CACF but did not refer to health or nutrient qualities were defined as marketing claims (e.g., 2-of 5-a-day). Claims emphasizing the presence or absence of ingredient/s were defined as composition claims (e.g., low salt). The WHO Nutrient Profile Model draft for infants and young children and the European Union regulation on Health and Nutrition claims informed the classification. Results A total of 6265 claims were identified in 724 surveyed products. Marketing (99%,720) and composition claims (98%,713) were found on almost all CACF, compared with nutrient (35%,254) and health claims (6%,41). The median (Q1, Q3) number of total claims per product was 9 (7,10), marketing claims 5 (3,6) composition 3 (2,4), nutrient 0 (0,1) and 0 (0,0) health. The main marketing claims were texture related (e.g., super smooth, chunky bits) on 83% of the products (602) and taste related (e.g., flavours for tiny taste buds, first tastes) on 70% (506) of products. Claims mentioning fruit and veg (e.g., hidden veggies, perfect fruit & veg snack) were used on 42% of the products (307). The main composition claims were organic (62%,452), nothing artificial (58%, 426) and no added sugar (58%, 422). Baby led weaning claims (BLW) (e.g., encourages self-feeding, ideal finger food) were found on 72% of snacks. Snacks had significantly higher (P < 0.01) number of BLW claims (99%, 209), compared to the rest of products with BLW claims (i.e., purees, meals, cereals, deserts, sauces, stock cubes, dry ingredients). Conclusions Promotional claims on CACF packaging are extensively used. CACF are promoted using “healthy halo” connotations that might confuse parents. Regulations on their use should be implemented to avoid inappropriate marketing. Funding Sources None.

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