Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „2MUB protocol“

The SPI bus protocol can communicate with multiple peripherals without address bits. The transmission speed is fast and the configuration is simple and flexible, which solves the problem of serial communication between microprocessors and peripherals. In order to simply realize the function of the SPI bus and verify its stability, the SPI bus is designed and simulated verified using Verilog language and Modelsim software. The results show that the design realizes the full-dus-duserial synchronous communication function of SPI bus, with high data transmission stability and a data transmission speed of more than 2Mb/s. At the same time, during the test, it is found that the serial communication protocol can continue to be improved in terms of reliability, stability, and efficiency. Under the current social needs, the security of serial communication protocols is also put forward higher requirements and needs to be further adapted to the needs of the Internet of Things.

ABSTRACTBackground: Induction of labour is an indispensable part of modern obstetrics and certainly one of the most frequently performed obstetric procedure in the world. Oxytocin, being the most common inducing agent with multiple protocols being practiced, further research is required for the establishment of better protocol with optimal maternal and neonatal outcomes.Methods: Randomized comparative study including 100 term nulliparous women (randomized into high dose, group-I and low dose, group-II with 50 patients in each group) was done. High dose regimen was started with 4mu/min with increment of 4mu/min up to a maximum of 32mu/min and low dose regimen was started with 2mu/min with increment of 2mu/min up to a maximum of 32mu/min. Induction to delivery interval was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes noted were rate of caesarean section, tachysytole with or without fetal distress, failed induction, maternal outcomes like need for instrumental vaginal delivery, PPH and choriamnionitis, neonatal outcomes like NICU admission, umbilical cord pH and apgar score.Results: There was significant reduction seen in induction to delivery interval among those induced with high dose oxytocin regimen. It was found to be 6.96±3.77 hours in group-I and 9.05±4.65 hours in group-II (p value 0.034). Though incidence of tachysystole was more in high dose regimen, it was not statistically significant. No significant difference was seen in secondary outcomes.Conclusions: On the basis of present study, high dose oxytocin regimen can be considered for induction of labour as it has same effects as that of low dose regimen with lesser induction to delivery interval.

The necessity of turbogenerators operation in the reactive power consumption mode is determined by the shortage of compensating devices in the network. Recently, accidents associated with generators long-term operation at low levels of excitation have become more frequent, which is a prerequisite for the consumption of reactive power by the generator. The purpose of this research is to assess the effect of the reactive power consumption mode on the technical condition of the T3FP-110-2MU3 turbogenerator. The source of information about the technical condition of the turbogenerator is the data obtained from the operating and repair documentation, electrical and thermal tests protocols, technical reports with the results of comprehensive diagnostic examinations of the turbogenerator. The cores of T3F series generators have been examined. No gaps between the pressure fingers and the surface of the edge packages have ever been detected during examinations, which indicates the absence of significant curvature of the extreme core packages. During the study of temperature by T3FP-110-2MU3 thermal resistance converters, it is found out that with an increase of reactive power consumption, the temperature of the windings and the active steel of the stator core of the turbo generator decreases and it does not exceed the upper warning settings in the mode of reactive power output, the opposite dependence is visible. It is established that the influence of the reactive power consumption mode on the technical condition of the T3FP-110-2MU3 when operating in steady-state modes within the factory PQ-diagram is minimal. In the stator core of the turbogenerator under consideration, high resistance of the teeth of the extreme packages to operational loads has been achieved, due to significant improvements in the design and manufacturing technology of the end zones. From the point of view of practical significance, T3F series turbogenerators are allowed to be used for reactive power consumption. As a further direction of research, it is planned to consider the operation of turbogenerator in maneuverable modes with the transition from the issuance of reactive power to its consumption and vice versa.

Abstract Background: Stem cells display remarkably high levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and, both TET2 or IDH1/2 mutations can impair 5hmC generation. However, the implications of 5hmC have not been evaluated comprehensively in patients with normal karyotype (NK)-AML, especially in aspect of prognostic value in survivals. Methods: A total of 407 patients were included in the present study, and all met the following eligibility criteria: 1) age ≥ 15 years; 2) a diagnosis of NK-AML confirmed by conventional cytogenetic analysis; and, 3) treatment with induction chemotherapy using a standard protocol (a 3-day course of anthracycline with a 7-day course of cytosine arabinoside). NK-AML patients were diagnosed from October 1998 to September 2012 in seven participating institutes. Among 407 patients with NK-AML who received induction therapy, we selected the 376 patients available the analysis of 5-hmC, retrospectively. For quantitation of 5hmC, Quest 5-hmC DNA ELISA kits (Zymo Research) were used following the manufacturer's protocol. TET2 or IDH1/2 mutation analysis were performed using direct sequencing. We analyzed for 5hmC levels in patients with TET2 or IDH1/2 mutations and, to know the correlation of 5hmC levels with mutant alleles. Results: The prevalence rates for the mutations were 13.0% in TET2mut, 7.2% in IDH1 and,14.1% in IDH2mut. Mutation rates of TET2 or IDH1/2 was 34.6% (130/376). We examined whether the range of 5hmC values correlated with each mutations. TET2, IDH1/2 mutated patients had significant lower levels of 5hmC compared with patients without any TET2 or IDH1/2 mutations (all, p<0.001). The median value of 5hmC level were: TET2mut (median: 0.051%, range: 0.002%-0.120%), IDH1mut (median: 0.044%, range: 0.004%-0.641%), IDH2mut (median: 0.050%, range: 0.001%-0.457%), any mutation of TET2 or IDH1/2 (median: 0.048% , range: 0.001%-0.641%) and, TET2 wild-type and IDH1/2 wild type (median: 0.084%, range: 0.0003%-0.999%). In control group (TET2 wild-type and IDH1/2 wild type), 5hmC levels distributed with broad range but, 5hmC levels were tightly clustered in patients with TET2, IDH1 or IDH2 mutations. With a median follow-up duration of 55.5 months (range, 0.7-179.8 months), there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS), event free survival (EFS) and relapse risk according to TET2mut or IDH1/2mut (all, p >0.05). To identify the role of 5hmC levels in clinical significances, we sub-classified this group with tertile category for 5hmC values. However, we could not find the clinical significant in OS, EFS and relapse risk according to the 5hmC levels (all, p>0.05). Conclusion: TET2 or IDH1/2 mutated patients had lower levels of 5hmC. 5hmC levels distributed with wide range in patients with TET2 and IDH1/2 wild type and tightly clustered in patients with TET2, IDH1 or IDH2 mutations. Apart from affecting the methylation status of the DNA, other processes may be influenced by 5hmC levels in patients with NK-AML with TET2 wild-type and IDH1/2 wild type. In addition, 5hmC may not be a prognostic value to predict the survivals of relapse risk in NK-AML. Disclosures Jang: Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Kim:Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding.

Abstract Abstract 2485 T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is caused by multiple lesions affecting genes involved in cell cycle control, proliferation, survival and differentiation. Type A abnormalities are driving events in the leukemogenic process; they are mutually exclusive genomic rearrangements, mainly translocations, which delineate specific T-ALL subgroups such as the TAL/LMO, TLX1, TLX3, and HOXA (MLL, CALM-AF10, and SET-NUP214). Type B abnormalities, on the other hand, are much greater in number and cooperate with different molecular lesions, as they are widespread in diverse genetic subgroups. They include genomic imbalances, chromosome translocations and mutations. To confront the heterogeneity of T-ALL associated genomic lesions we used CI-FISH, SNP and GEP, explored their utility as potential diagnostic tools in pediatric T-ALL and correlated the genetic lesions at diagnosis with the Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) clinical stratification. We examined 51 children with T-ALL enrolled in Italy into the AIEOP-BFM ALL2000 protocol; MRD was performed by RQ-PCR monitoring of IG and TCR clonal rearrangements at days 33 and 78. Based on tumor load levels at both time points, patients were classified as MRD standard (MRD-SR), intermediate (MRD-IR) or high risk (MRD-HR)(Schrappe M, et al. Blood 2011;118:2077-84). Combined Interphase FISH (CI-FISH) was done using a panel of probes for 42 candidate genes. Cases with TCR-rearrangements were investigated for partners; aneuploidies were confirmed with probes for the centromeric alpha satellite regions. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) arrays were done with Whole-Genome Cytogenetic 2.7M array (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA) following the manufacturer's protocol. Data were analyzed by Chromosome Analysis Suite (ChAS) Software (Affymetrix) with hg19 genome built (http://genome.ucsc.edu/) as reference. Copy number (CN) filters were set at ≥ 20 markers and ≥ 30kb size for losses, ≥50kb for gains, and ≥ 2Mb for CNN-LOH. Gene expression profiles (GEP) (Affymetrix HU-133 Plus 2.0 arrays) were obtained following previously described protocols. Data were normalized with Robust Multi-array Avarage algorithm (RMA). Prediction was performed using the method Prediction Analysis of Microarrays (PAM): a threshold for the selection of predictive probe sets was established using cross validation. This procedure was used to predict and compare classification of 34 cases with CI-FISH and 6 samples for which CI-FISH was not available. CI-FISH grouped 85% of patients according to Type A mutations with distribution in each category reflecting the estimated incidence in childhood T-ALL: 37.5% of cases in the TAL/LMO subgroup, 22.5% in the HOXA, 20% in the TLX3, and 5% in the TLX1. GEP class prediction was concordant with the CI-FISH results. PAM analysis identified 15 probe sets, 11 of which are part of the signature used by Homminga et al. (Cancer Cell 2011;19:484–497) to distinguish the three categories LMOTAL, TLX3 and HOX. SNPs complemented the findings by detecting Type B abnormalities in all cases, thus linking Type A and B lesions. CDKN2A/B abnormalities, as previously observed, were prevalently associated with TLX1 and TLX3(∼90% of TLX1/TLX3 positive cases vs 68% of TAL/LMO and 55.5% of HOXA); PTEN/10q23 deletions occurred in the TAL/LMO subgroup; monoallelic RB1 deletions were found only in the TLX3 subgroup. Interestingly, the TLX3 subgroup was also significantly associated with trisomies and/or tetrasomies of chromosomes 1, 7, 8, and 18 (Fisher exact test; p=0.01). Patients' stratification according to MRD showed most cases with TAL/LMO (15/18, 83.3%) and HOXA (6/9, 66.6%) fell within MRD-HR while TLX3 positive cases were mainly in MRD-SR (4/8) and MRD-IR (3/8). The 2 TLX1 positive cases were respectively assigned to MRD-SR and MRD-IR. CI-FISH and SNP arrays provided us with an accurate and exhaustive genomic diagnosis of pediatric T-ALL. Based on CI-FISH results a successful predictive GEP test was elaborated. In a prospective design, dissection of type A/B abnormalities within MRD categories might represent a refined prognostic stratification at diagnosis for the majority of patients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Web Services are combination of open protocols and standards to allow communication between client and server. It provides an interoperability between contrasting applications. Representational state Transfer (REST) and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) are the two main popular used web services now-a-days. REST is an architectural style based, whereas SOAP is a underlying protocol. Both services are used to handle the communication on the world wide web (www). Both services have some advantages and drawbacks and it is the decision of web developer to decide which service is best to use according to its requirements. The aim of this research work is to design a REST API and SOAP API by JAX-RS and JAX-WS, respectively and gives a comparative analysis of Application Programming Interface (API) features (in terms of response time, memory usage, execution speed and so on) of these services by using API testing tool like Postman. This gives insight view of which service is better to use as per requirements. The result of experiments shows that the response time of SOAP is approximate takes 4ms to 7ms more than REST. It has been observed that as number of API increases, SOAP takes approximate 1MB to 2MB more memory usage than REST

Dans cette thèse, nous exposons nos contributions à l'amélioration de l'écosystème du Mobile Money en identifiant ses défis majeurs et en proposant des solutions adaptées. Ces solutions visent à renforcer la sécurité et l'interopérabilité des services de Mobile Money, tout en prenant en compte les capacités limitées des terminaux mobiles. Pour ce faire, nous avons réaliséun état des lieux qui met en lumière des enjeux clés, tels que l'absence de fédération, de traçabilité et d'interopérabilité entre les plateformes Mobile Money des opérateurs de téléphonie mobile, ces dernières étant gérées par des bases de données distinctes.La blockchain est présentée comme une solution pour améliorer la sécurité, la transparence et la fiabilité des transactions. L'outil BTOOLS, un logiciel open source compatible avec plusieurs plateformes, a été développé pour générer des transactions blockchain sécurisées à l'aide de services cryptographiques. Une nouvelle architecture de Mobile Money intégrant lablockchain et l'USSD a également été proposée pour garantir une interconnexion transparente entre les différents acteurs de l'écosystème, y compris les banques, les MNO, les régulateurs et les clients.Le protocole « Mobile Money Using Blockchain » (2MUB) est un élément central des contributions de la thèse. Il a été développé en deux versions, la seconde apportant des améliorations en matière d'interopérabilité de traçabilité et de fédération.Ce protocole utilise une architecture décentralisée basée sur des smart contracts pour définir les règles decompensation entre les acteurs du Mobile Money. Trois scénarii d'implémentation ont été proposés : deux via lecanal USSD, et un via TCP/IP.Enfin, une plateforme expérimentale a été développée pour valider le protocole 2MUB. Elle utilise Node.js, Ganache, Hardhat et Sepolia pour implémenter une blockchain à deux niveaux, et son interface utilisateur est accessible via USSD grâce à Africa’s Talking. Des analyses ont montré le bon fonctionnement de la solution proposée
In this thesis, we present our contributions to the improvement of the Mobile Money ecosystem by identifying its major challenges and proposing suitable solutions. These solutions aim to enhance the security and interoperability ofMobile Money services while considering the limited capabilities of mobile devices. To achieve this, weconducted a state-of-the-art analysis that highlights key issues, such as the lack of federation, traceability, and interoperability between the Mobile Money platforms of mobile network operators (MNOs), as these are managed by separate databases.Blockchain is proposed as a solution to improve the security, transparency, and reliability of transactions. The BTOOLS tool, an open-source software compatible with multiple platforms, was developed to generate secure blockchain transactions using cryptographic services. A new Mobile Money architecture integrating blockchain and USSD was also proposed to ensure seamless interconnection between the various actors in the ecosystem, including banks, MNOs, regulators, and customers.The "Mobile Money Using Blockchain" (2MUB) protocol is a central element of the thesis contributions. It was developed in two versions, with the second offering improvements in terms of interoperability, traceability, and federation. Thisprotocol uses a decentralized architecture based on smart contracts to define settlement rules among Mobile Money participants. Three implementation scenarios were proposed: two via the USSD channel, and one via TCP/IP.Finally, an experimental platform was developed to validate the 2MUB protocol. It uses Node.js, Ganache, Hardhat, and Sepolia to implement a two-layer blockchain, with its user interface accessible via USSD through Africa’s Talking. Analyses have shown that the proposed solution functions well