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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „2GD“

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Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 27. Juli 2024

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 30. Juli 2024

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1

Vladimirova, Liubov Yu, Oleg Ivanovich Kit, Elena A. Nikipelova und Natalya A. Abramova. „Results of monoclonal antibodies against EGFR-receptors application in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2013): e14701-e14701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e14701.

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e14701 Background: Monoclonal antibodies against the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)are standard components of treatment in mCRC.This study was designed to evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of the combinations of Panitumumab(P) and Cetuximab(C) with chemotherapy in patients with wild type(WT) KRAS tumors mCRC. Methods: Mutation analysis of KRAS(codons12,13) was done on samples at diagnosis. Key elegibility criteria included measurable mCRC stage IV, ECOG ≤2, adequate liver,kidney and bone marrow function, no brain metastases. P was administered 6mg/ kg 1 day q2w. C was administered 400mg/m² 1day and 250mg/m² q1w. Combination with FOLFOX-6 or FOLFIRI pegimens was allowed. Endpoints include response rate, OS, PFS and safety. Results: Of 38 testable samples there were 21(55.3%) WT KRAS tumors. All of these 21 (13male and 8female) pts were recruited. Mean age was 58.1±12.3. Synchronous metastases had 33.3%(7pts). Majority of pts benefited from anti-EGFR combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy 80.9% (17), mostly FOLFIRI – 57,1%(12).There were23.8%(5) in the 1st line CT, 76.1%(16) in the 2nd line CT. 6 mos of the treatment were analyzed. Overall RR was76.1 %(16) including 6PR(28.5%) and 10SD(47.6%). Med OS= 9.1mo, Med PFS= 4.3mo. 8 pts(38.1%) are alive till the abstract submission. Most common toxicities were:skin rash 2/3Gd.-90.5%(19), xeroderma 2Gd.-42.9%(9),skin itch 1/3Gd.-42.9%(9), paronychia 2Gd. -14.2%(3), purulent psorophthalmia 2Gd.-14.2%(3). All kinds of toxicities were controlled by symptomatic medication if necessary and did not lead to anti-EGFR agents dalay. Besides,diarrhea 1/2Gd.- 66.7%(14), 3Gd.-14.3%(3), neutropenia 1/2Gd.-28.6%(6), 3/4Gd.-9.5%(2), nausea 3/4Gd.- 14.3%(3), vomiting 1/2Gd.- 42.9%(9), fatigue 1/2Gd.-47.6%(10). Conclusions: These results consider significant efficacy of anti-EGFR agents combined with CT in pts with mCRC. Controlled toxicity of the therapy allows to use it widely.

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Milone, A. P., A. F. Marino, A. Renzini, C. Li, S. Jang, E. P. Lagioia, M. Tailo, G. Cordoni, M. Carlos und E. Dondoglio. „A chromosome map to unveil stellar populations with different magnesium abundances. The case of ω Centauri“. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, Nr. 3 (20.07.2020): 3846–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2119.

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ABSTRACT Historically, photometry has been largely used to identify stellar populations [multiple populations (MPs)] in globular clusters (GCs) by using diagrams that are based on colours and magnitudes that are mostly sensitive to stars with different metallicities or different abundances of helium, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. In particular, the pseudo-two-colour diagram called chromosome map (ChM), allowed the identification and the characterization of MPs in about 70 GCs by using appropriate filters of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) that are sensitive to the stellar content of He, C, N, O, and Fe. We use here high precision HST photometry from F275W, F280N, F343N, F373N, and F814W images of ω Centauri to investigate its MPs. We introduce a new ChM whose abscissa and ordinate are mostly sensitive to stellar populations with different magnesium and nitrogen, respectively, in monometallic GCs. This ChM is effective in disentangling the MPs based on their Mg chemical abundances, allowing us to explore, for the first time, possible relations between the production of these elemental species for large samples of stars in GCs. By comparing the colours of the distinct stellar populations with the colours obtained from appropriate synthetic spectra we provide ‘photometric-like’ estimates of the chemical composition of each population. Our results show that, in addition to first-generation (1G) stars, the metal-poor population of ω Cen hosts four groups of second-generation stars with different [N/Fe], namely, 2GA–D. 2GA stars share nearly the same [Mg/Fe] as the 1G, whereas 2GB, 2GC, and 2GD are Mg depleted by ∼0.15, ∼0.25, and ∼0.45 dex, respectively. We provide evidence that the metal-intermediate populations host stars with depleted [Mg/Fe].

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Tian, He, Liangliang Wei und Limin He. „Phase Composition and Stability, Sintering and Thermal Conductivity of Gd2O3 and Yb2O3 Co-Doped YSZ“. Coatings 13, Nr. 1 (28.12.2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010053.

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Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) has been the material of choice for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in the past decades, yet its phase decomposition limits its application above 1200 °C. In this study, Gd2O3 and Yb2O3 co-doped YSZ powders were produced, in which some amounts of monoclinic (m) phase were introduced into the cubic (c) phase matrix. XRD results showed that the fabricated powders obtained by a solid phase synthesis were composed of m and c phases, and hat the m phase content decreased in a sequence of 4Gd-2Yb-4Y, 2Gd-2Yb-6Y and 2Gd-4Yb-4Y powders. This indicated that Yb3+ is an excellent stabilizer in the ZrO2-based lattice, which could largely suppress the formation of the m phase. The m phase content in the powders was almost kept unchanged with heating at 1300 °C, which could provide a toughening effect to the ceramic. All the powders exhibited no obvious sintering at 1300 °C for 150 h. As compared to YSZ, the three fabricated ceramics had lower thermal conductivities, and they increased in a sequence of 4Gd-2Yb-4Y, 2Gd-4Yb-4Y and 2Gd-2Yb-6Y.

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Moosmann, Peter R., Rainer Krahl, Lutz Uharek, Cornelia Becker, Astrid Franke, Rita Pasold, Norma Peter, Antje Schulze, Ulrich Wedding und Dietger W. Niederwieser. „Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) Accelerates Normal Myeloid Recovery More Efficiently in Patients with Favorable Than with Intermediate or Unfavorable Cytogenetic Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemias (AML): A Retrospective Analysis of the East German Hematology Oncology Study Group (OSHO).“ Blood 104, Nr. 11 (16.11.2004): 870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.870.870.

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Abstract Objectives: Hematopoietic growth factors are essential in accelerating myeloid reconstitution and reducing treatment morbidity of hematological and non-hematological malignant diseases. In order to understand in more detail the effect of G-CSF on myeloid regeneration, patients (pts) with AML (excluding APL) enrolled in the OSHO AML96 and AML97 trials were analyzed with respect to cytogenetic risk factor, G-CSF treatment and myeloid recovery. Methods: A total of 603 eligible pts from 19 centers were included in this retrospective study. The diagnosis of AML was centrally reviewed and cytogenetic analyses performed in accredited laboratories. Pts were grouped in favorable (ie CBF leukemias: t(8;21); inv16) intermediary (normal or others) and unfavorable (−5/5q-; −7/7q-; abn11q23; inv3, or complex) cytogenetic risks. Treatment consisted of 8gm/m2 Ara-C for induction (1gm/m2 q12h or 2gm/m2/d on d1,3,5,7) in combination with an anthracycline (idarubicine 12mg/m2/d in patients <60a or mitoxantrone 10mg/m²/d on d1-3 in patients >60a). G-CSF was started on day 10 after chemotherapy and continued until myeloid reconstitution in 394 pts from 10 centers. Results: After induction chemotherapy, G-CSF accelerated leukocyte recovery (>1x109/L) by 3 days (median 21d vs 24d; n=560). The effect of G-CSF was, however, more evident in the favorable cytogenetic risks (19d vs 25d; p<0.0001), followed by the intermediate (21d vs 24d; p<0.0001) and not significant in the unfavorable (22d vs 25d; p=0.29). In pts without G-CSF treatment, myeloid reconstitution was identical in the 3 cytogenetic groups (25d vs 24d vs 25d). Subsequently, only pts with complete remission after the first induction treatment were selected (n=302) and the duration of leukopenia analyzed with respect to G-CSF and cytogenetic findings. Again, G-CSF shortened the duration of leukopenia in all 3 cytogenetic groups, and the effect was clearly influenced by cytogenetics. The median duration to myeloid recovery in pts with CBF AML was 25d without G-CSF and 19d with G-CSF treatment (p=0.0001). Pts with intermediate cytogenetics recovered after a median of 24d without and after 21d with G-CSF (p= 0.0003). The outcome in pts with unfavorable karyotype was similar: 25d without and 21d with G-CSF treatment, respectively (p=0.004). However, whereas no difference in myeloid reconstitution was observed between the 3 cytogenetic groups without G-CSF administration, clear differences were seen in G-CSF treated pts between the CBF AML and the others (6d vs 3-4d; p<0.0007). In a multivariate analysis, the cytogenetic risk group (p=0.002), remission state after first induction (p=0.004), and G-CSF administration (p<0.0001) independently proved to influence myeloid regeneration. Conclusion: We conclude that the accelerating effect of G-CSF on myeloid recovery correlates with cytogenetic findings and is greater in CBF AML than in intermediary or unfavorable cytogenetics. The mechanisms underlying this effect are currently unknown, but might involve increased susceptibility of normal hematopoiesis to G-CSF in CBF AML, or might rely on the differentiating effect of G-CSF on CBF AML.

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Hu, Yaobo, Chao Zhang, Tianxu Zheng, Fusheng Pan und Aitao Tang. „Strengthening Effects of Zn Addition on an Ultrahigh Ductility Mg-Gd-Zr Magnesium Alloy“. Materials 11, Nr. 10 (11.10.2018): 1942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11101942.

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A newly developed Mg-2Gd-0.5Zr-xZn (x = 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 wt %) alloy system exhibits significant strengthening by doping with Zn. In order to understand the strengthening mechanism, the microstructure, texture evolution, and mechanical properties of ultrahigh ductility Mg-2Gd-0.5Zr alloys with a Zn addition were systematically investigated. The addition of Zn results in the formation of Mg-Gd-Zn intermetallic compounds along grain boundaries, which encourages grain refinement during hot extrusion via the particle stimulated nucleation (PSN) mechanism. Furthermore, during texture sharpening the pole changes from <20 2 ¯ 1> to <01 1 ¯ 0>, which also occurred in the extruded alloys with Zn addition, which is unfavorable for the basal slip and tensile twinning. Mg-2Gd-0.5Zr-3Zn shows well-balanced strength and ductility with a tensile yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 285 and 314 MPa, accompanied by a high tensile elongation of 24%. They are superior to those of commercial AZ31. The enhanced strength is attributed to grain refinement, precipitation strengthening, and texture sharpening induced by alloying with Zn. The research result is also of great value to the development of low rare-earth, high strength, and high room temperature ductility magnesium alloy.

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Zhong, Shiyu, Dingfei Zhang, Junyao Xu, Jie Zhou, Yang Zhao, Jingkai Feng, Yongqin Wang, Bin Jiang und Fusheng Pan. „Enhanced Degradability of Mg-2Gd Alloy by Alloying Cu“. Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168, Nr. 7 (01.07.2021): 071504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac0f5e.

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Fan, Jianyong, und Huilan Yang. „Construction and immune response of HSV–2gD–Hsp70 DNA vaccine“. Journal of Dermatological Science 57, Nr. 1 (Januar 2010): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.10.012.

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Tang, Xiaoyan, Ye Xu, Wenpeng Ye, Yan Tang, Yunsheng Ma und Rongxin Yuan. „Mn(II)2Gd(III)3 Phosphonate as a Molecular Refrigerant“. Australian Journal of Chemistry 68, Nr. 12 (2015): 1926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch15520.

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3d-Gd phosphonate clusters are attractive for their potential applications as magnetic coolers. A new pentanuclear cluster [Mn(II)2Gd(III)3(OH)(dtbmfPO3)2(tBuCO2)8(HO2CtBu)(H2O)2]·HO2CtBu·CH3CN (1) (dtbmfPO3H2 = (2,7-di-tert-butyl-9-methyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)phosphonic acid) has been synthesised and characterised. The cluster has a planar structure in which the trinuclear {MnGd2(OH)} and dinuclear {MnGdO2} units are joined together by two phosphonate groups. The magnetic studies reveal that 1 shows antiferromagnetic interactions and a large magnetocaloric effect (ΔS = 20.9 J kg–1 K–1 at ΔH = 7 T).

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Li, J. H., J. Barrirero, G. Sha, H. Aboulfadl, F. Mücklich und P. Schumacher. „Precipitation hardening of an Mg–5Zn–2Gd–0.4Zr (wt. %) alloy“. Acta Materialia 108 (April 2016): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.01.053.

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10

Liu, Jianxin, Jun Chen, Quanan Li, Xiaoya Chen und Ziyan Zhang. „Effect of aging treatment on corrosion behavior of Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr alloy“. Materials Research Express 9, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 016503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac452c.

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Abstract The effects of aging time on corrosion behavior of Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution were investigated by microanalysis, weight loss test and electrochemical test. The results show that the corrosion rate of Mg-4Nd-2Gd-0.5Zr alloy decreases first and then increases with the extension of aging time. Aging treatment alters the grain size and the distribution of the second phases. The second phases and grain size are the key factors affecting the corrosion rate of magnesium alloy. Among the tested alloys, the T6-8 h alloy shows the lowest corrosion rate, which is mainly attributed to the continuous distribution of second phases restricting the expansion of corrosion, hence the T6-8 h alloy showed the highest corrosion resistance. The corrosion rate of T6-16 h alloy increases obviously because of the growth of the grain size and the segregation of second phases, which accelerates the corrosion progress.

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Najarian, Maya L., Pooja Shaw, Kimberly M. Severino, James Hamrick und Kerin B. Adelson. „Development of a time to treatment metric across an NCI designated academic health system.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, Nr. 27_suppl (20.09.2019): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.307.

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307 Background: Time to treatment (TTT) is an important quality metric as shorter times improve patient satisfaction and retention, overall survival, as well as reduce distress. Multiple factors can lengthen TTT including provider availability, biopsy, pathology review, assembly of medical records, multidisciplinary care coordination, staging studies, and patient preference. No national benchmarks exist for TTT, however one large health system noted baseline TTT (indexed on diagnosis date) of 29d for internally diagnosed and 41d for externally diagnosed patients ( Khorana & Bolwell, NEJM Catalyst, 2019 ). Limited guidance exists on how best to measure TTT for cancer patients across an institution. Methods: We developed a consistent TTT metric across Yale’s Smilow Cancer Hospital, comprised of an academic hub and community practices, using data obtained from Flatiron Health’s EHR-derived de-identified database, with disease team assigned for each provider. Qualifying patients had a new patient visit between Jan - Dec 2018, and scheduled treatments from Jan 2018 - Mar 2019. We defined TTT as calendar days from the first qualifying visit to the sooner of either an IV antineoplastic administration or interventional surgery. Results: The population sample included 1,090 patients seen by five disease teams. 558 (51%) patients had a qualifying intervention. The overall median TTT was 26d (IQR14 - 44). The median TTT for IV antineoplastic administration was 24d (IQR 14 - 43). The median TTT for interventional surgery was 27d (IQR 15 - 45). The median TTT by disease team: Breast 24d (IQR 14 - 38), GI 24d (IQR13 - 36), Head & Neck 27d (IQR 15 - 40), Hematology 35d (IQR 11 - 76), and Thoracic 28d (IQR 16 - 51). Conclusions: Evaluating TTT across an institution can help identify opportunities for practice improvements. We hypothesize that recurring delivery of this metric will enable assessment and benchmarking of quality improvement interventions. Future work will focus on improving this measure by incorporating additional cancer treatments (e.g. radiation therapy), and development of interventions to shorten TTT at our center.

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Zhao, Tianshuo, Yaobo Hu, Bing He, Chao Zhang, Tianxu Zheng und Fusheng Pan. „Effect of manganese on microstructure and properties of Mg-2Gd magnesium alloy“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 765 (September 2019): 138292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.138292.

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Vladimirova, Liubov Yu, und Oleg I. Kit. „Long-term results of capicitabine application in metastatic breast cancer patients.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2012): e11558-e11558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e11558.

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e11558 Background: Options available after the failure of anthracyclines and taxanes are very limited in BC patients. The long-term experience of Cap application brought us to analyse long-term results of the treatment in this patients. Methods: pts progressed after anthracyclines and taxanes were recruited in 2000-2010. Key elegibility criteria included measurable or nonmeasurable triple-negative MBC or locally recurrent disease, ECOG ≤2, no brain metastases. Cap was administered 1250 mg/ m² BID 1-14 days q3w. Treatment was continued until progression or unacceptable toxicity. A total of 266 courses were estimated. Endpoints include response rate, OS, PFS and safety. Results: 63 patients aged 30-80 years were recruited. 92% had infiltrative ductal carcinoma, triple negative. Time to disease progression was 2.5 mon.- 16 years(mean- 2.6 years). 22% (14) had one disease site: liver 5, lung 5, bones 3, lymphonodes 1. The rest 78% (49)had ≥2 disease sites: lung 32(50.8%), bones 30(47.6%), liver 33(52.3%), soft tissues 21(33.3%). Mean # of disease sites = 2.06. Overal RR was 63.5%(40) including 4 CR(6.3%), 6PR(9.5%) and 30SD(47.6%). Med OS= 9mo, Med PFS= 5 mo. For detailed survival analysis patients were devided into two groups: 1) with RR (40 pts); 2) without RR (23 pts). Med OS was 13 v 4 months (p=0.00004), Med PFS was 6 v 3months respectively(p=0.00016). 8 pts(12.7%) are alive till the abstract submission. Main hematological toxicity was leucopenia1/2 Gd-28.6%, neutropenia 1/2Gd.-26.3%, anemia 1/2 Gd.-19.9%, thrombocytopenia 1/2Gd.- 3.1% courses. Nonhematological toxicity included nausea 1/2 Gd.- 28.5%, vomiting 1/2Gd.- 12.5% and diarrhea 1/2 -16%, hand-foot syndrome 1/2 Gd.-16.9%, thrombophlebitis-3.8%, myalgia and ossalgia -15%, headache 3 Gd. prevented to continue Cap intake in 1 case(1.57%). No significant long-term toxicity was recorded. Conclusions: Cap has a satisfactory effect as well as controlled toxicity. The favorable long-term PFS and OS allow to use Cap in this heavily pretreated pts.

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Liu, Ke, und Jian Meng. „Microstructures and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-4Y-2Gd-xZn-0.4Zr alloys“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, Nr. 7 (Februar 2011): 3299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.015.

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Niu, Hao-Yi, Fang-Fang Cao, Kun-Kun Deng, Kai-Bo Nie, Jin-Wen Kang und Hong-Wei Wang. „Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of the As-Extruded Mg–4Zn–2Gd–0.5Ca Alloy“. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) 33, Nr. 3 (19.12.2019): 362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40195-019-00984-2.

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Lin, Li, Feng Wang, Lin Yang, Li Jia Chen und Zheng Liu. „Solute Pre-Precipitation and Phase Transformation in a Mg-Zn-Gd Alloy“. Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (Oktober 2010): 864–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.864.

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A novel precipitation sequence, super-saturated-solution → stacking faults → Mg3Gd, i.e. S.S.S. → SF → β1, was established for a Mg-3Zn-2Gd (wt%) alloy. Solute pre-precipitation can occur during the solidification of as-cast alloy and subsequent solution-treatment, resulting in the formation of lamella structures with …ABCABC… stacking sequence. The lamella structure will transform to the Mg3Gd phase, even that Mg3Gd is not the most stable phase in this serial alloys.

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Hoseini-Athar, M. M., R. Mahmudi, R. Prasath Babu und P. Hedström. „Microstructure and superplasticity of Mg–2Gd–xZn alloys processed by equal channel angular pressing“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 808 (März 2021): 140921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.140921.

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Trivedi, Pramanshu, und Krishna C. Nune. „Bioactivity, cytocompatibility and effect of cells on degradation behavior of Mg–2Zn–2Gd alloy“. Nanomaterials and Energy 8, Nr. 2 (01.12.2019): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jnaen.18.00019.

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Cao, Fang-fang, Kun-kun Deng, Kai-bo Nie, Jin-wen Kang und Hao-yi Niu. „Microstructure and corrosion properties of Mg-4Zn-2Gd-0.5Ca alloy influenced by multidirectional forging“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 770 (Januar 2019): 1208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.191.

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Wang, Xinyi, Baoliang Liu, Xiaoqiang Gao, Xi Wang, Hongxu Li, Liang Xu, Guiming Wang, Kuifeng Zhao und Bin Huang. „The Effects of Different UVA Photoperiods on the Growth Performance, Immune Responses, Antioxidant Status and Apoptosis-Related Gene Expression of the Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)“. Antibiotics 11, Nr. 1 (29.12.2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11010037.

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UVA is the most common type of solar UV radiation in aquatic environments; however, the effects it causes in shrimp farming in recirculating water systems (RAS) is unclear. Thus, the growth performance, immune responses, antioxidant status and apoptosis-related gene expression in Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (body weight 9.56 ± 0.10 g), reared with 12L: 12D full spectrum light as background light under five UVA (peak at 400 nm) photoperiods (0L: 24D, 2L: 22D, 4L: 20D, 8L: 16D and 12L: 12D) at a light intensity of 1 W/m2 were investigated. The results showed that the 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D UVA photoperiods enhanced the growth performance and reduced the feed conversion ratio and the shrimp mortality. Shrimp exposed to UVA (2L: 22D and 4L: 20D) also displayed higher levels of hepatopancreas catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), phenol oxidase (PO) and lysozyme (LZM) compared to the 8L: 16D and 12L: 12D groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in line with the extension of the UVA irradiation time. The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes in all the UVA treatments were significantly higher than with the control treatment, except for the 2L: 22D group. The results of the 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D treatments were significantly higher than those of the control group, except for LGBP. In conclusion, 2L: 22D and 4L: 20D UVA photoperiods increased growth performance and decreased FCR, improved the innate immunity and antioxidant response and reduced the mortality rate in adult shrimp.

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Yang, Guang Yu, Jie Hua Li, Wan Qi Jie und Zhong Yu. „Study on Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Mg-6Zn-2Gd-0.6Zr New Sand-Casting Magnesium Alloy“. Materials Science Forum 654-656 (Juni 2010): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.651.

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A new composition sand-casting magnesium alloy, Mg-6Zn-2Gd-0.6Zr, was developed. It was found that the room temperature mechanical properties of the alloy were superior: b=270MPa, 0.2=175MPa, =8%. Meanwhile, the elevated-temperature strength and creep resistance were significantly improved, comparing with Mg-5Zn-0.6Zr (ZK51) commercial magnesium alloy. The as-cast microstructure of the alloy was mainly consisted of (Mg) matrix, (+Mg3Gd2Zn3+Mg3Gd) eutectic phase, which was distributed along the (Mg) grain boundary with coarse netted shape. After solid-solution treatment and subsequently aging treatment for the alloy, the secondary phases re-precipitated as fine discontinues semi-netted or short rod-like precipitations, also including some fine spherical precipitations in the  matrix, which were responsible for the properties improvement of the alloy.

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Li, X., C. Liu und T. Al-Samman. „Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg –2Gd –3Y –0.6Zr alloy upon conventional and hydrostatic extrusion“. Materials Letters 65, Nr. 11 (Juni 2011): 1726–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.02.073.

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Xiao, Lei, Guangyu Yang, Yang Liu, Shifeng Luo und Wanqi Jie. „Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and diffusion behaviour of Mg-6Zn-2Gd-0.5Zr alloy during homogenization“. Journal of Materials Science & Technology 34, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2018): 2246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2018.05.003.

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Zhang, Meng, Wei-Lin Deng, Xiao-Ning Yang, Yong-Kang Wang, Xiang-Yu Zhang, Rui-Qiang Hang, Kun-Kun Deng und Xiao-Bo Huang. „In vitro biodegradability of Mg–2Gd–xZn alloys with different Zn contents and solution treatments“. Rare Metals 38, Nr. 7 (07.03.2019): 620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12598-019-01220-7.

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He, Chao, Jianxin Zhou, Yan Yang, Bin Jiang, Ming Yuan, Zhihua Dong, Yanfu Chai et al. „In-situ investigation on the microstructure evolution of Mg-2Gd alloys during the V-bending tests“. Journal of Materials Science & Technology 131 (Dezember 2022): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2022.05.039.

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Zhong, Shiyu, Dingfei Zhang, Sensen Chai, Jie Zhou, Jianrong Hua, Junyao Xu, Bin Jiang und Fusheng Pan. „Effect of Cu addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and degradation rate of Mg-2Gd alloy“. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 15 (November 2021): 477–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.08.042.

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Zheng, Tianxu, Yaobo Hu, Chao Zhang, Tianshuo Zhao, Fusheng Pan und Aitao Tang. „A study of high ductility Mg-2Gd-0.4Zr magnesium alloy under monotonic tension at room temperature“. Materials Characterization 179 (September 2021): 111299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2021.111299.

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Zhang, Pengfei, Yunchang Xin, Ling Zhang, Shiwei Pan und Qing Liu. „On the texture memory effect of a cross-rolled Mg-2Zn-2Gd plate after unidirectional rolling“. Journal of Materials Science & Technology 41 (März 2020): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2019.05.076.

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Hoseini-Athar, M. M., R. Mahmudi, R. Prasath Babu und P. Hedström. „Effect of Zn addition on dynamic recrystallization behavior of Mg-2Gd alloy during high-temperature deformation“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 806 (Oktober 2019): 1200–1206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.07.347.

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Zheng, Haipeng, Ruizhi Wu, Legan Hou, Min Qiu, Fan Gao, Jinghuai Zhang und Milin Zhang. „Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg–14Li–3Al–2Gd Alloy Processed by Multilayer Accumulative Roll Bonding“. Advanced Engineering Materials 22, Nr. 2 (06.11.2019): 1900774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900774.

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Nie, Jing Jiang, Liang Meng, Xiu Rong Zhu, Yong Dong Xu, Yue Yi Wu, Rong Wang, Jun Wang, Hua Zhang, Min Chen und Li Jun Zhang. „Effect of Solution Treatment and Extrusion on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Mg-2Gd-Nd-0.4Zn-0.3Zr Alloy“. Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (Februar 2011): 1125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.1125.

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The effect of the combined action of hot work and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Mg-2Gd-Nd-0.4Zn-0.3Zr (wt. %) (E21) alloy was investigated. Results showed that the solution treatment time of the ingot played a great effect on the mechanical properties of the extruded alloy. With solution treating time of the ingot increasing, the tensile strength of the extruded alloy decreased gradually, but the elongation increased greatly. The best combination of strength and ductility was achieved for the extruded alloy after the ingot solution treated at 520°C for 3 h, extrusion at 400°C and aging at 200°C for 16 h, namely ultimate tensile strength = 331MPa and elongation = 7.1%.

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Sutrisno, Teng, und Pradityo Putra Purnomo. „Studi Pengaruh Waktu Injeksi, Tekanan Bahan Bakar, dan Tekanan Turbo Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin Diesel 2GD-FTV“. Jurnal Teknik Mesin 19, Nr. 1 (24.05.2022): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/jtm.19.1.17-20.

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Motor Diesel dipengaruhi oleh beberapa aspek operasional. Diantaranya: waktu penginjeksian bahan bakar (timing injection), tekanan bahan bakar (fuel pressure), dan tekanan udara yang masuk (boost pressure). Modifikasi akan dilakukan untuk mengubah parameter menggunakan piggyback. Terdapat tiga hal yang akan diteliti, yaitu mengamati perubahan pada daya dan torsi jika mengubah parameter fuel pressure, parameter injection timing, dan parameter tekanan turbo. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan alat bernama On-Wheel Dynamometer untuk mengetahui daya dan torsi yang dihasilkan pada kendaraan bermotor. Unjuk Kerja Mesin Diesel dapat meningkat Daya sebanyak 8% dan torsi sebanyak 11% dengan perubahan parameter pressure fuel +20, injection timing +5°, dan parameter turbo pressure 1.2 bar.

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Trivedi, P., K. C. Nune, R. D. K. Misra, A. K. Patel, K. Balani und R. Jayganthan. „Cellular response ofEscherichia colito Mg-2Zn-2Gd alloy with different grain structure: mechanism of disruption of colonisation“. Materials Technology 31, Nr. 13 (09.11.2016): 836–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10667857.2016.1239798.

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Pan, Shiwei, Yunchang Xin, Guangjie Huang, Qi Li, Feilong Guo und Qing Liu. „Tailoring the texture and mechanical anisotropy of a Mg–2Zn–2Gd plate by varying the rolling path“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 653 (Januar 2016): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2015.12.002.

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Trivedi, P., K. C. Nune, R. D. K. Misra, S. Goel, R. Jayganthan und A. Srinivasan. „Grain refinement to submicron regime in multiaxial forged Mg-2Zn-2Gd alloy and relationship to mechanical properties“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 668 (Juni 2016): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.05.050.

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Trivedi, P., K. C. Nune und R. D. K. Misra. „Grain structure dependent self-assembled bioactive coating on Mg-2Zn-2Gd alloy: Mechanism of degradation at biointerfaces“. Surface and Coatings Technology 315 (April 2017): 250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.02.052.

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Zheng, Qiuxia, Zhanhui Wang, Zongbin Sun, Jiuba Wen, Tinghe Duan und Bingbing Zhang. „In vivo and in vitro performances of chitosan-coated Mg–Zn–Zr–Gd–Ca alloys as bone biodegradable materials in rat models“. Journal of Biomaterials Applications 36, Nr. 10 (11.03.2022): 1786–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08853282211052385.

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Mg alloys have attracted significant attention as promising biomedical materials, specifically as fixation materials for promoting fracture healing. However, their unsatisfactory corrosion resistances hinder further clinical applications and thus require attention. This study aims to determine the performance of novel chitosan-coated Mg–1Zn–0.3Zr–2Gd–1Ca alloy and its ability to promote the healing of osteoporotic fractures. Moreover, its corrosion resistance and biocompatibility were assessed. Performance degradations of the samples were measured via electrochemical tests, weight loss test and morphological analysis, and the uncoated and chitosan-coated fixations were compared based on their effects on biocompatibility via the cytotoxicity test, X-rays, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The effect of bone growth and healing was investigated via immunohistochemical test. Results of the electrochemical tests indicated that compared with the bare body, chitosan-coated Mg–Zn–Ca–Zr–Gd alloys improved by one order of magnitude. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and weight loss test demonstrated that the corrosion resistance of the chitosan-coated Mg alloy is better than that of the uncoated alloy. In addition, cytotoxicity analysis indicated that the viability and morphology of the chitosan-coated alloy groups were superior to the uncoated groups in vitro. During in vivo analysis, chitosan-coated and uncoated Mg–1Zn–0.3Zr–2Gd–1Ca alloys were implanted into ovariectomized SD female rats with osteoporotic fractures for 1, 2, and 3 weeks. No displacement and shedding were observed through X-rays, and pathological analyses proved that the material was not harmful for liver and kidney tissues. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the chitosan-coated Mg–Zn–Ca–Zr–Gd alloy material contributed to the healing of osteoporotic fractures in the SD rat models. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the chitosan-coated Mg–Zn–Ca–Zr–Gd alloys have improved corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Moreover, the alloy was found to accelerate the healing of osteoporotic fractures in SD rat models. Therefore, it has significant potential as a fixation material for osteoporotic fractures.

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38

Dixit, A. S., und P. D. Tewary. „Involvement of a circadian rhythm in the photoperiodic ovarian response of the yellow-throated sparrow, Gymnorhis xanthocollis“. Journal of Experimental Biology 143, Nr. 1 (01.05.1989): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.143.1.411.

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Groups of the photosensitive female yellow-throated sparrow were placed under various light-dark cycles, in which a fixed ultrashort photophase of 3 h was combined with dark phases of varying duration, resulting in cycles of 18–30 h. Simultaneously, two groups of birds, one in short days (8L/16D) and the other in long days (15L/9D), were kept as controls. Significant ovarian growth, observed at 30 and 60 days, was induced by 3 h ultrashort photophase only if it was introduced in the cycles of 18 h (3L/15D), 20 h (3L/17D), 26 h (3L/23D), 28 h (3L/25D) and 30 h (3L/27D) as well as under long days (15L/9D), whereas there was no response to the ultrashort photophase in cycles of 22 h (3L/19D) and 24 h (3L/21D) and in short days (8L/16D). It seems that there is an ovarian response to the ultrashort day cycles when a phase advance or delay of photosensitivity of the response system repeatedly produces coincidence of the external photophase (3 h) with the photosensitive phase of an endogenous circadian rhythm. The results are thus consistent with the Bunning hypothesis, which suggests the involvement of an endogenous circadian rhythm in photoperiodic time measurement.

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He, Chao, Ming Yuan, Bin Jiang, Shengwen Bai, Bin Lei, Xiaoying Qian, Guangsheng Huang, Dingfei Zhang und Fusheng Pan. „Improving the isotropy and formability of extruded Mg-2Gd-1Zn (wt.%) alloy sheet by introducing an ellipse texture“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 836 (März 2022): 142699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.142699.

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Wei, Zhen, Haipeng Zheng, Ruizhi Wu, Jinghuai Zhang, Huajie Wu, Siyuan Jin, Yunlei Jiao und Legan Hou. „Interface behavior and tensile properties of Mg-14Li-3Al-2Gd sheets prepared by four-layer accumulative roll bonding“. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 61 (Januar 2021): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.11.021.

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SUN, Yue-hua, Fan ZHANG, Bin YANG, Jian REN und Guang-sheng SONG. „Effect of extrusion ratio on microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties of dual-phase Mg−8Li−6Zn−2Gd alloy“. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 34, Nr. 3 (März 2024): 833–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(23)66437-4.

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42

Guo, Yong Chun, Jian Ping Li, Jin Shan Li, Zhong Yang und Ping Wang. „Phase Diagram of Mg-Zn-Gd System Alloy at Mg Rich Corner and its Application in the Development of Two New Alloys“. Materials Science Forum 765 (Juli 2013): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.765.3.

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The Mg-rich corner of the equilibrium phase diagram of the Mg-Zn-Gd system has been calculated in detail using the phase diagram calculation software PANDAT and the thermodynamic database for Mg alloys. The calculated phase diagram includes the liquidus projection, isothermal sections and vertical sections. It is found that an increase of Zn content in the Mg-Gd alloy reduces the phase field of α-Mg + GdMg5. Based on the calculated phase diagrams, two alloys, Mg-5.5Zn-2Gd-0.5Zr and Mg-1.6Gd-5.5Zn-0.5Zr (wt.%), denoted as ZGK620 and ZGK616, were developed and their solidification and precipitation processes were analyzed in detail. The optimized thermal mechanical processing and heat-treatment processes were defined by referring to the calculated phase diagrams of the Mg-Zn-Gd system.

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Petrosyants, Svetlana P., Konstantin A. Babeshkin, Andrey B. Ilyukhin, Pavel S. Koroteev und Nikolay N. Efimov. „Something You Need Might Be under Your Feet: Molecular Magnetism of Heavy Kramers Lanthanide Hydrated Chlorides and Their Complexes with Polydentate Terpy Ligand“. Magnetochemistry 9, Nr. 1 (12.01.2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry9010031.

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A study of the molecular magnetism of the hydrated salts [Ln(H2O)6Cl2]Cl (Ln = Gd (1Gd), Dy (1Dy), Er (1Er), Yb (1Yb)) and lanthanide chloride complexes with 2,2′;6′,2″-terpyridine (terpy) synthesized on their basis, [Ln(H2O)4(terpy)Cl]Cl2·3H2O (Ln = Gd (2Gd), Dy (2Dy), Er (2Er), and Yb (2Yb), was carried out. It was found that both the initial hydrated chlorides containing Dy, Er, Yb, and their derivatives with terpyridine exhibit the properties of single-molecule magnets. For the complexes with terpyridine, the values of the remagnetization barriers increase from Er to Dy, while for the aquachlorides, the corresponding values increase in the series Ueff (1Dy) < Ueff (1Er). It was found that magnetic relaxation in Yb complexes mostly proceeds according to the Raman mechanism.

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Jiang, J., L. Yin, F. Lu, A. Ma, D. Song, L. Zhang, D. Yang und J. Chen. „Microstructure and corrosion behaviour of Mg–2Gd–1Y–1Zn–0·2Zr (at-%) alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing“. Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology 49, Nr. 4 (29.01.2014): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743278214y.0000000152.

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Pan, Shiwei, Xinde Huang, Yunchang Xin, Guangjie Huang, Qi Li, Chaolan Tan und Qing Liu. „The effect of hot rolling regime on texture and mechanical properties of an as-cast Mg–2Zn–2Gd plate“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 731 (Juli 2018): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.06.046.

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Liu, Xudong, Jian Chen, Xiulan Liu, Haoyue Wu, Wei Yang und Yaping Lei. „Effect of twin boundary-dislocation and twin boundary-solute atom interaction on detwinning of Mg-2Gd-2Y-0.3Zr alloy“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 770 (Januar 2019): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.171.

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47

Juneja, Ankita, Guochang Zhang, Yong-Su Jin und Vijay Singh. „Bioprocessing and technoeconomic feasibility analysis of simultaneous production of d-psicose and ethanol using engineered yeast strain KAM-2GD“. Bioresource Technology 275 (März 2019): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.025.

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48

Sindhu, Kosuri, Attada Tarakeswara Rao, Karuparthi Vasavi und Chodavarapu Lakshmi Aiswarya. „DISTRIBUTION OF IOL POWER AMONG CATARACT PATIENTS ATTENDING TERTIARY CARE EYE HOSPITAL - A CLINICAL STUDY“. International Journal of Advanced Research 11, Nr. 01 (31.01.2023): 993–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16109.

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Objectives: To know the distribution of IOL power among cataract patients attending tertiary care eye hospital. Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective study was conducted on 2788 cataract patients attending tertiary care eye hospital from March 2022 to November 2022. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking and ocular examination. Age, gender, operating eye and power of IOL were noted. Results: A total number of 2788 cataract patients were recruited for this study. Out of 2788 patients, 1644 (59%) were females and 1144 (41%) were males. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 51-65yrs (54.9%) followed by 36-50yrs (22.2%) with female predominance. Among 2788 patients with cataracts the operating eye was right eye for 51.6% & Left eye for remaining ones. In all age groups commonest IOL power is in the range of 19 to 23D,the most common IOL Power in the age group 51-65yrs ,36-50yrs & 21-35yrs is 21.5D where as in 66-80yrs is 21D. The highest IOL Power notes of age groups 51-65yrs is 34.5D, 36-50yrs is 29D, 66-80yrs is 33D, 21-35yrs is 25D & <20yrs is 32D where as the lowest IOL Powers for the above age groups is 1D,3D,1D,10D & 16D respectively. The overall mean IOL power noted is 21.2D. The median IOL power noted in >80yrs is 22D higher than the other age groups which may be due to decreasing axial length and anterior chamber depth with increasing age. The required IOL power is higher in females (mean IOL Power 21.5D) than males (mean IOL power is 21D) which may be due to shorter axial length in females. No difference noted in IOL Powers between Right & left eye. Conclusion: Based on our study we conclude that the commonest age group presenting with Cataract is 51-65yrs with female preponderance. The commonest mean of IOL power noted is 21.2D. Females are requiring more IOL power than males which may be due to their shorter axial length and shallow AC depth. Highest mean IOL power among all is noted in age group >80yrs, which may be due to decreasing Axial length with increasing age. There is no difference noted in mean IOL power between Right & Left Eye. This study concludes that IOL power requirement varies with Age, Gender and Ethnicity. Calculation of IOL power should be done with utmost care to avoid post-operative refractive errors.

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Šašek, Stanislav, Peter Minárik, Jitka Stráská, Klára Hosová, Jozef Veselý, Jiří Kubásek, Robert Král, Tomáš Krajňák und Dalibor Vojtěch. „Novel Ultrafine-Grain Mg-Gd/Nd-Y-Ca Alloys with an Increased Ignition Temperature“. Materials 16, Nr. 3 (03.02.2023): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16031299.

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Two novel ignition-resistant magnesium alloys, Mg-2Gd-2Y-1Ca and Mg-2Nd-1Y-1Ca, were prepared in the ultrafine-grain condition by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). In addition, four commercial alloys—AZ31, AX41, AE42 and WE43—were prepared similarly as a reference. The microstructure, mechanical properties and ignition temperature were thoroughly investigated. Both novel alloys exhibited a mean grain size of ~1 µm and dense distribution of small secondary phase particles. The mechanical strength measured by the tensile deformation test showed that the novel alloys are much stronger (~290 MPa) than all commercial alloys except WE43. However, Ca segregation into the grain boundaries caused a significant decrease in ductility (<6%). The ignition temperature of the novel alloys (~950 °C) was considerably improved by the presence of Gd/Nd, Y and Ca. This study showed that both novel alloys exhibit high strength and high ignition temperature in the ultrafine-grain condition.

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Kim, Jaejo, Seung Heon Lee, Ha-Hyun Kim, Sung-Ho Shin, Sang-Hyun Park, Jong-Hyeon Park und Choi-Kyu Park. „An Alternative Serological Measure for Assessing Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Efficacy against Homologous and Heterologous Viral Challenges in Pigs“. Vaccines 12, Nr. 1 (21.12.2023): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12010010.

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To analyze the relationship between homologous and heterologous serological titers of immunized pigs and their protection statuses against FMD virus challenges, in the present study, the correlation between the virus neutralization titers at 21 and 28 dpv and the protection statuses at 28 dpv against challenge with FMD virus was analyzed using data sets comprising five different combinations of homologous or heterologous challenge experiments in pigs vaccinated with type O (n = 96), A (n = 69), and Asia 1 (n = 74). As a result, the experiments were divided into three groups (21D-1, 21D-2, and 21D-3) in the 21-dpv model and two groups (28D-1 and 28D-2) in the 28-dpv model. Each response curve of groups 21D-1 and 21D-2 in the 21-dpv model was very similar to each curve of groups 28D-1 and 28D-2 in the 28-dpv model, respectively, even though there was an exceptional extra group (21D-3) in the 21-dpv model. The average titers estimating 0.75 probability of protection ranged from 1.06 to 1.62 log10 in the 21-dpv model and from 1.26 to 1.64 log10 in the 28-dpv model. In summary, we demonstrated that the serological method is useful for predicting the homologous and heterologous protection statuses of vaccinated pigs.

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