Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „2002 i-701“

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was discovered as a novel pathogen in the 2002–2003 SARS epidemic. The emergence and disappearance of this pathogen have brought questions regarding its source and evolution. Within the genome sequences of 281 SARS-CoVs, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and SARS-related CoVs (SARSr-CoVs), a ~430 bp genomic region (from 27 701 bp to 28 131 bp in AY390556.1) with regular variations was investigated. This ~430 bp region overlaps with the ORF8 gene and is prone to deletions and nucleotide substitutions. Its complexity suggested the need for a new genotyping method for coronaviruses related to SARS-similar coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, SARSr-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2). Bat SARSr-CoV presented 3 genotypes, of which type 0 is only seen in bat SARSr-CoV, type I is present in SARS in the early phase, and type II is found in all SARS-CoV-2. This genotyping also shows potential usage in distinguishing the SARS-similar coronaviruses from different hosts and geographic areas. This genomic region has important implications for predicting the epidemic trend and studying the evolution of coronavirus.

Air Product, 2014, Cellulosic Biofuels (Pembakaran/Gasifikasi Lignin Hidrolisis). Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. http://www.airpro-ducts.co.id/industries/Energy/Bioenergy/Cellulosic-Biofuels/product-list/ com-bustiongasification-of-hydrolyis-lignin-cellulosic-biofuels.aspx?itemId =8F39-9214FA4A462FA14588FE4F 86D3C2, Diakses tanggal 27 Oktober 2014Alejandro R., L. Serranoa, A. Morala, A. Pereza dan L. Jimeneza, 2007, Bioresource Tehnology, 98 (3): 554-559.Andaka Ganjar, 2011, Hidrolisis Ampas Tebu Menjadi Furfural Dengan Katalisator Asam Sulfat, Jurnal Teknologi, Volume 4 Nomor 2, Desember 2011, 180-188Anindyawati, Trisanti, 2009, Prospek Enzim dan Limbah Lignoselulosa Untuk Produksi Bioetanol, Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi-LIPI, CibinongAnnisa, Gina, 2012, Hidrodeoksigenasi Bio-Oil menggunakan katalis CoMo/C untuk Optimalisasi Produksi Alkana dan Alkohol, Skripsi Universitas Indonesia, Depok.Artati, K., Enny, E., Novia Margareta, H. 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Absztrakt A korai stádiumú (stage I–II) emlőrákok miatt végzett emlőmegtartó műtétek utáni lokális recidíváknak (LR) számos hajlamosító tényezőjét említi a szakirodalom, de egyes faktorok jelentősége nem egyértelmű. Ilyen az intraductalis komponens (IC) jelenléte, melyet a szerzők egy része az LR prediktív faktorának tekint, mások nem, vagy csak egyéb tényezőkkel való együttes jelenlétekor találtak összefüggést az LR-rel. A szerzők vizsgálatukban arra a kérdésre keresték a választ, hogy beteganyagukban az IC különböző mértékű jelenléte mennyiben befolyásolja az LR mértékét különböző tumorméretek és szövettani anaplasiafokok mellett. 1996 és 2002 között 701 betegnél végeztek emlőmegtartó műtétet korai stádiumú emlőrák miatt. Az IC szempontjából a daganatokat 3 csoportba osztották: IC-negatív, ha intraductalis komponens nem volt kimutatható, MIC (IC < 25%), ha az intraductalis komponens az össztumormennyiség 25%-ánál kisebb volt, és EIC (IC > 25%), ha 25%-nál nagyobb mértékben volt jelen. 65 hónapos átlagos követési idő alatt 13,5%-ban észleltek LR-t. IC nélküli daganat esetében 8,7%-ban (recidívaráta: 0,017, 95% CI: 0,012–0,023) jelentkezett helyi kiújulás, ugyanezek az értékek MIC és EIC esetében 16,8%-ra (recidívaráta: 0,032, 95% CI: 0,021–0,047), illetve 25,6%-ra (recidívaráta: 0,046, 95% CI: 0,033–0,064) emelkedtek (p = 0,0001). T1 tumorméret esetében a fenti értékek 6,4%, 11% és 24,3%-nak, T2 esetében 11,5%, 22,9% és 27%-nak adódtak (p < 0,005). Ha az EIC G3 differenciáltsági fokkal társult, úgy T1 tumorméret esetén az IC nélküli 6,9%-ról 31%-ra (p = 0,008), T2 esetén 15,7%-ról 33,3%-ra nőtt az LR előfordulási gyakorisága (p = 0,02). Az eredményekből a szerzők azt állapítják meg, hogy az intraductalis komponens jelenléte önmagában is az LR felléptének nagyobb veszélyét jelenti, mely kockázat jelentősen növekszik, amennyiben az EIC G3 szövettani grade-del társul. A kiemelt kockázatú betegek egyénre szabott adjuváns kezelésének megtervezésekor ezt a tényt feltétlenül tekintetbe kell venni. Ezen betegcsoport utánkövetésére fokozott figyelmet kell fordítani.

Los Bronces has two ROM dump leach operations called Leach I and Leach II. Leach I was commissioned in 1998 and currently produces 12,700 ton per year. The copper mineralization in these dumps is largely sulfides, namely 60% chalcocite/covellite, 30% chalcopyrite and the balance is oxides. The Leach II plant, commissioned in early 2002, was built to treat around 700 million ton of marginal ore having 0.45% total copper. The copper mineralogy of this material is estimated to be 70% chalcopyrite, 20% chalcocite/covellite and the balance oxides. Current copper production is 33,700 ton per year. Early in 2004 it was decided to conduct a complete column test work program, aimed at reducing power, acid and lime consumption at the Leach II plant. The results of this work, partially reported at IBS 2005, have been successfully applied to the commercial operation since the end of 2005. As a consequence, the projected reduction in operating costs for 2006 of US$ 5.5 million was accomplished. The main results of the column test work program, the modifications implemented together with the results obtained at the operation, including a molecular characterization of the microbial population, are discussed in this paper.

Генуэзская крепость Чембало (1345–1475 гг.), размещалась на горе Кастрон и имела сложную городскую и фортификационную планиграфию. В западной части города к 80–90-м гг. XIV в. сформировался латинский квартал, над которым возвышался замок св. Николая. В систему застройки латинского квартала входила церковь («храм №1»), которую исследователи (1999–2003 гг.) априорно стали именовать «храмом св. Николая». Однако западный мыс горы Кастрон носит имя св. Георгия. Это может служить основанием для предположения, что данный храм был посвящён св. Георгию – патрону города Генуи. Экспедицией Эрмитажа изучено четыре церковных постройки XIV–XV вв. (храмы №№ 2–5). Всем храмам присущи общие черты и функции. Их конструкции сложены из бута на известковом растворе. В кладках углов, дверных и оконных проёмов использованы сполии, выполненные из нуммулитового известняка. В храме № 5 в качестве строительного материала применены не только архитектурные детали, но фрагменты надгробий и посвятительных надписей из армянского храма XIV–XVII в. Ни на одном из храмов XIV–XV вв. не выявлены следы перекрытия с применением византийской кровельной черепицы – керамид и калиптеров. Черепичное покрытие («татарка») использовано только в конце XVIII в. при восстановлении храмов № 1 и № 5. Православные храмы (№ 2–5) возводились с использованием византийского фута (0,318 м). Церковные комплексы использовались на протяжении полутора-двух столетий в качестве квартальных городских часовен. В среднем на некрополях при каждой из церквей выявлено не менее 75 погребённых. Только в одном храме (№ 1) удалось in situ выявить следы полихромной стенной росписи. ЛИТЕРАТУРААдаксина С.Б. Монастырский комплекс X–XVI вв. на г.Аю-Даг. СПб.: ГЭ, 2002. 116 с.Адаксина С.Б. Работы Южно-Крымской археологической экспедиции // Археологические экспедиции в Крыму. 1995 год /отв. ред. В.Л. Мыц. 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Abstract Background Diagnosis and prognosis of patients with established MDS/CMML is currently based on WHO criteria and the IPSS prognostic Index. High variation of survival in subgroups warrants the search for additional criteria. A comparison of CFU-C cultures with WHO criteria and IPSS score has not yet been done in a large patient group. Patients and methods We analyzed in a single center retrospective cohort study 93 untreated consecutive patients (55 male/ 38 female; median age: 66 years; range: 13 – 88 years) admitted between July 1992 and June 2002 and diagnosed as MDS/CMML (RA/RARS(4), MDS-U (2), RCMD (26), RAEB I/II (44) and CMML I/II (17). All patients had an unequivocal diagnosis of MDS or CMML according to WHO criteria. Simultaneous examinations of blood, bone marrow (cytology and biopsy), BM-cytogenetics and BM-and PB cultures for CFU-GM and BFU-E were done. Culture results were scored blindly and classified either as “Low risk CFU-C“ including normal growth (N=2), no colony growth (N=6) or reduced growth of normal colonies (N=19) or as „High risk CFU-C’s“ including excess normal growth in PB termed “MPS pattern” (N=5), discrete leukemic cluster growth (N=22), abundant leukemic cluster growth (N=14) or the „CMML pattern“ defined as giant“ pseudonormal“ CFU-GM and strongly reduced BFU-E (N=23). Culture score was compared with the WHO diagnosis and with the IPSS score in all 93 patients and survival was assesed in 82 patients treated with conventional therapy (12 allografted patients were excluded) after minimal observation time of 3 years in July 2005. Results Comparison of WHO diagnosis with culture score Low risk CFU-C score High risk CFU-C score RA/RARS/RCMD/MDS-U 15 16 RAEBI/II 12 30 CMML-I/II 0 17 The typical CMML pattern was observed in 13 of 17 patients with CMML (Specificity 94%). Comparison of IPSS Score with culture score low risk CFU-C score low risk CFU-C score High risk CFU-C score High risk CFU-C score IPSS Score alive/dead mean survival(d) alive/dead mean survival(d) Low and Int-1 4/4 2022+/−543 8/39 965+/−143 Int-2 and High 1/1 1024+/−701 1/26 565+/−92 Mean survival time for patients with a low/intermediate-1 IPSS score was less than half if they had a high risk CFU-score (p<0.01, ANOVA t-test). For patients with an intermediate-2/high IPSS score the prognostic information gained with the cultures was similar, but low patient number did not permit statistical analysis. Conclusions Hematopoietic precursor cultures yield additional information in patients with MDS / CMML. For diagnosis, CMML has a typical growth pattern, that may help distinction of clonal from reactive monocytosis. For prognosis, the culture pattern adds information to the IPPS score, leukemic growth being strongly predictive of short survival.

El presente trabajo busca conocer el avance de la deforestación en México, a partir del análisis del cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación entre la Serie I, 1976, y la Serie IV, 2007, del INEGI. Se incorporan los resultados obtenidos en el Inventario Nacional Forestal del 2000 para hacer un corte por sub-periodos (1976-2000 y 2000-2007). Además, se realiza un análisis al nivel de polígono sobre la dinámica de las superficies forestales con vegetación secundaria, con la finalidad de establecer si se trata de un proceso de recuperación o de alteración forestal. Los resultados encontrados demuestran que las tasas de cambio han disminuido en el periodo 2000-2007, pero que la superficie forestal disminuye anualmente en alrededor de 500 000 ha. Para el periodo 1976-2007, se encontró una pérdida anual de 534 707 ha. Los datos oficiales de deforestación muestran una subvaluación a partir de 2006, ya que se descuenta 100% de la superficie ocupada por vegetación secundaria, cuando en la realidad el proceso de recuperación es de entre 10% y 13% de dicha superficie. Con el dato ajustado del proceso de recuperación se recalcularon las cifras oficiales publicadas a partir de 2006, mostrando consistencia en relación con la estabilización de la superficie anual deforestada. El destino principal de la superficie deforestada sigue siendo la agricultura de temporal.

Renal epoxygenase metabolites are involved in blood flow regulation and long-term blood pressure control. One feature of renal and cardiovascular diseases is the inability of the kidney to properly increase epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) levels. Others (Busse R, Edwards G, Félétou M, Fleming I, Vanhoutte PM, and Weston AH. Trends Phamacol Sci 23: 374–380, 2002; Campbell WB, Gebremedhin D, Pratt PF, and Harder DR. Circ Res 78: 415–423, 1996; Capdevila JH and Falck JR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 285: 571–576, 2001; Roman RJ. Physiol Rev 82: 131–185, 2002; Zeldin DC. J Biol Chem 276: 36059–36062, 2001) and we (Imig JD, Falck JR, Wei S, and Capdevila JH. J Vasc Res 38: 247–255, 2001; Imig JD, Zhao X, Capdevila JH, Morisseau C, and Hammock BD. Hypertension 39: 690–694, 2002; Zhao X, Pollock DM, Inscho EW, Zeldin DC, and Imig JD. Hypertension 41: 709–714, 2003; Zhao X, Pollock DM, Zeldin DC, and Imig JD. Hypertension 42: 775–780, 2003) have provided compelling evidence that cytochrome P-450-derived EETs have antihypertensive properties and are endothelially derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) in the kidney. EETs also possess anti-inflammatory actions that could protect the kidney vasculature from injury during renal and cardiovascular diseases. A tactic that has been used to increase EET levels has been inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme. Epoxide hydrolase inhibitors have been demonstrated to be antihypertensive and renal protective. Thus the renal and cardiovascular protective actions of increasing epoxygenase levels could be translated to therapies for preventing end-organ damage.

AbstractThe study was conducted in southern Taiwan, along a road traversing the study area from 287 to 1680 m a.s.l. from May to October 2003 to investigate the distribution patterns and species diversity of the snakes. A total of 69 individual snakes belonging to 16 species were recorded. The Shannon's index and evenness index of the full study area were 2.4337 and 0.8777, respectively. Moreover, evenness index was 401 to 700 m > 1001 to 1300 m > 701 to 1000 m > 1301 to 1600 m altitudinal zone. The Shannon's index, DMG, and the reciprocal form of the Berger-Parker index (1/d) were 1001 to 1300 m > 401 to 700 m > 701 to 1000 m > 1301 to 1600 m altitudinal zone. Thirty-seven snakes were found in natural forest, 12 in plantation forest, 8 in secondary forest, and 12 in agricultural lands. I concluded that the highest species richness and diversity are found in mid-altitudinal mountains in southern Taiwan.

The concept of plants and microbes utilization for remediation measure of pollutant contaminated soil is the newest development in term of petroleum waste management technique. The research objective was to obtain wild grass types and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria which are capable to synergize in decreasing petroleum concentration within petroleum contaminated soil. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. This research was conducted by using randomized completely block design. The first factor treatments were consisted of without plant, Tridax procumbens grass and Lepironia mucronata grass. The second factor treatments were consisted of without bacterium, single bacterium of Alcaligenes faecalis, single bacterium of Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and mixed bacteria of Alcaligenes faecalis with P. alcaligenes. The results showed that mixed bacteria (A. faecalis and P. alcaligenes) were capable to increase the crown and roots dry weights of these two grasses, bacteria population, percentage of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbon) decrease as well as TPH decrease and better pH value than that of single bacterium. The highest TPH decrease with magnitude of 70.1% was obtained on treatment of L. mucronata grass in combination with mixed bacteria.[How to Cite: Gofar N. 2013.Synergism of Wild Grass and Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria in Petroleum Biodegradation. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 161-168. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.161]REFERENCESBello YM. 2007. Biodegradation of Lagoma crude oil using pig dung. Afr J Biotechnol 6: 2821-2825.Gerhardt KE, XD Huang, BR Glick and BM Greenberg. 2009. Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation of organic soil contaminants: Potential and challenges. Plant Sci 176: 20-30.Glick BR. 2010. 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Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by oil field isolated bacterial consortium. Afr J Biotechnol 11: 650-658.Mendez MO and RM Maier. 2008. Phytostabilization of mine tailings in arid and semiarid environment an emerging remediation technology. Environ Health Prospect 116: 278-283.Milic JS, VP Beskoski, MV Ilic, SM Ali, GDJ Cvijovic and MM Vrvic. 2009. Bioremediation of soil heavily contaminated with crude oil and its products: composition of the microbial consortium. J Serb Chem Soc 74: 455-460.Mukre AM, AA Hamid, A Hamzah and WM Yusoff. 2008. Development of three bacteria consortium for the bioremediation of crude petroleum-oil in contaminated water. J Biol Sci 8: 73-79.Ndimele PE. 2010. A review on the phytioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon. Pakistan J Biol Sci 12: 715-722.Newman LA and CM Reynolds. 2004. Phytoremediation of organic compounds. Curr Opin Biotechnol 15: 225-230.Onwuka F, N Nwachoko, and E Anosike. 2012. 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DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF INTELLIGENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS Reviewed book: Dalé Dzemydiené. Intelektualizuotų informacinių sistemų projektavimas ir taikymas: monografija. Vilnius: Mykolo Romerio universiteto leidybos centras, 2006. 352 p. [Design and Application of Intelligent Information Systems, ISBN: 9955-19-051-5 in Lithuanian]. GAME THEORY IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT Reviewed book: E. K. Zavadskas, F. Peldschus, L. Ustinovičius, Z. Turskis. Lošimų teorija statybos technologijoje ir vadyboje. Vilnius: Technika, 2004 [Game Theory in Building Technology and Management, ISBN: 9986-05-700-0 in Lithuanian]. METHODS AND MODELS OF RESEARCH IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECT ENGINEERING Reviewed book: Oleg Kapliński (Eds.). Methody i modele badań w inžynierii przedsięwzięć budowlanych. Polska akademia nauk, komitet inžynierii lądowej i wodnej, Warszawa, 2007 [Methods and Models of Research in Construction Project Engineering, ISBN: 978-83-89687-22-7, ISSN: 0137-5393 in Polish].

The debate about diagnoses and treatment of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) in children continue to range on between the developmental and biological perspectives. While there is increasing evidence that support the biological susceptibility of the disorder, a number of researches also emphasized the significant effect of environment on the syndrome. This study used developmental perspectives to evaluate and bring together various bio-psychosocial factors that impact on children diagnosed with ADHD. The study explored and integrated the existing and advancing study on ADHD to a more refined pattern that embraced developmental perspectives. The study also discussed how the linkage in childhood ADHD fits within the developmental psychopathology perspective. The study revealed that ADHD as a developmental disorder is influenced by prenatal, biological and psychosocial environmental risk factors, and suggested that better understanding of genomic susceptibilities, family environment and parental characteristics would transform the pathway for development of ADHD in children. References American Psychiatric Association.(2000). Diagnostic and StatisticalManual of MentalDisorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association.(2013). Diagnostic and StatisticalManual of MentalDisorders.5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Arnsten, A.F, (2007). Catecholamine and second messenger influenceson prefrontalcortical networks of “representational knowledge”:a rational bridge between genetics andthe symptoms of mental illness. Cerebral Cortex, 17, i6–i15. Arnsten, A.F, & Pliszka, S.R. (2011). 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The projection method was first introduced by Chorin [Bull. AMS 73 (1967), pp. 928–931] and Temam [Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 33 (1969), pp. 377–385] as a computationally efficient numerical method to solve the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Despite its success in decoupling the computations of velocity and pressure, it suffers from inaccurate numerical boundary layers. As an effort to resolve this inaccuracy, E and Liu [Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 34 (2000), pp. 701–710] proposed the gauge method, which is a reformulation of the Navier–Stokes equations in terms of an auxiliary vector field and a gauge variable. This method utilizes the freedom of choosing a boundary condition for the gauge variable to reduce the numerical coupling between the considered variables. Nevertheless, the computational implementation of the boundary conditions for the auxiliary vector field is difficult in the context of finite elements since they involve either the normal or tangential derivative of the gauge variable. In order to circumvent this issue, we propose a weak formulation of the boundary conditions based on the symmetric Nitsche method. Computational results are presented to illustrate the accuracy of the proposed method. References J. H. Bramble, J. E. Pasciak, and A. T. Vassilev. Analysis of the Iinexact Uzawa algorithm for saddle point problems. SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 34.3 (1997), pp. 1072–1092. doi: 10.1137/S0036142994273343 D. L. Brown, R. Cortez, and M. L. Minion. Accurate projection methods for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. J. Comput. Phys. 168.2 (2001), pp. 464–499. doi: 10.1006/jcph.2001.6715 A. J. Chorin. The numerical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid. Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 73 (1967), pp. 928–931. doi: 10.1090/s0002-9904-1967-11853-6 on p. C100). W. E and J.-G. Liu. Gauge finite element method for incompressible flows. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 34 (2000), pp. 701–710. doi: 10.1002/1097-0363(20001230)34:8<701::AID-FLD76>3.0.CO;2-B W. E and J.-G. Liu. Projection method I: Convergence and numerical boundary layers. SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 32 (1995), pp. 1017–1057. doi: 10.1137/0732047 W. Ef and J.-G. Liu. Gauge method for viscous incompressible flows. Commun. Math. Sci. 1.2 (2003), pp. 317–332. doi: 10.4310/CMS.2003.v1.n2.a6 A. Ern and J.-L. Guermond. Theory and practice of finite elements. Vol. 159. Applied mathematical sciences. Springer, 2004. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-4355-5 P. Hansbo. Nitsche’s method for interface problems in computational mechanics. GAMM-Mitteilungen 28.2 (2005), pp. 183–206. doi: 10.1002/gamm.201490018 W. Layton, N. Mays, M. Neda, and C. Trenchea. Numerical analysis of modular regularization methods for the BDF2 time discretization of the Navier–Stokes equations. Math. Model. Numer. Anal. 48.3 (2014), pp. 765–793. doi: 10.1051/m2an/2013120 A. Logg, K.-A. Mardal, and G. Wells. Automated solution of differential equations by the finite element method: The FEniCS book. Vol. 84. Lecture notes in computational science and engineering. Springer, 2012. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-23099-8 R. Mekhlouf, A. Baggag, and L. Remaki. Assessment of Nitsche’s method for Dirichlet boundary conditions treatment. J. Fluid Flow, Heat Mass Trans. 4.1 (2017), pp. 54–63. doi: 10.11159/jffhmt.2017.007 J. Nitsche. Über ein Variationsprinzip zur Lösung von Dirichlet-Problemen bei Verwendung von Teilräumen, die keinen Randbedingungen unterworfen sind. Abh. Math. Semin. Univ. Hambg. Vol. 36. Springer. 1971, pp. 9–15. doi: 10.1007/BF02995904 R. H. Nochetto and J.-H. Pyo. The gauge-Uzawa finite element method. Part I: The Navier–Stokes equations. SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 43.3 (2005), pp. 1043–1068. doi: 10.1137/040609756 J.-H. Pyo. Error estimates for the second order semi-discrete stabilized gauge-Uzawa method for the Navier–Stokes equations. Int. J. Numer. Anal. Mod. 10.1 (2013). url: https://www.global-sci.org/intro/article_detail/ijnam/557.html L. Ridgway Scott. Introduction to automated modeling with FEniCS. Computational Modeling Initiative, 2018. url: https://www.cminit.company/publications R. Temam. Sur l’approximation de la solution des équations de Navier–Stokes par la méthode des pas fractionnaires (II). Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 33.5 (1969), pp. 377–385. doi: 10.1007/BF00247696 C. Wang and J.-G. Liu. Convergence of gauge method for incompressible flow. Math. Comput. 69 (2000), pp. 1385–1407. doi: 10.1090/S0025-5718-00-01248-5 K. Wiratama. A comparison of projection and gauge methods for numerical incompressible fluid dynamics. Masters thesis. Australian National University, Oct. 2019 H. Zhang. Application of projection methods to the numerical solution of the incompressible Navier Stokes equations. Honours thesis. Australian National University, Oct. 2014

Parental Involvement in their children's schooling has long been recognized as a critical component of good education. This study aims to find out the relationship between socioeconomic status, interpersonal communication, and school climate with parental involvement in early childhood education. Using survey and correlational research design, data collection was carried out through accumulation techniques with tests and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used statistical analysis and multiple regressions. The findings in the socio-economic context of parents show that the measure of power is an indicator in the very high category with a total score of 5, while the measures of wealth, honour and knowledge are included in the high category with a total score of 4 in relation to parental involvement. The form of interpersonal communication, the openness of parents in responding happily to information / news received from schools about children is a finding of a significant relationship with parental involvement in early childhood education. The school climate describes the responsibility for their respective duties and roles, work support provided, and interpersonal communication relationships, parents at home and teachers at school. Keywords: Socio-economic Status, Interpersonal Communication, Climate School, Parental Involvement, Early Childhood Education References Amato, P. R. (2005). The Impact of Family Formation Change on the Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Well-Being of the Next Generation. The Future of Children, 15(2), 75–96. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2005.0012 Arnold, D. H., Zeljo, A., Doctoroff, G. L., & Ortiz, C. (2008). Parent Involvement in Preschool: Predictors and the Relation of Involvement to Preliteracy Development. 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Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(6), 1053–1064. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0431-4 Berkowitz, R., Astor, R. A., Pineda, D., DePedro, K. T., Weiss, E. L., & Benbenishty, R. (2021). Parental Involvement and Perceptions of School Climate in California. Urban Education, 56(3), 393–423. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085916685764 Berkowitz, R., Moore, H., Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2017). A Research Synthesis of the Associations Between Socioeconomic Background, Inequality, School Climate, and Academic Achievement. Review of Educational Research, 87(2), 425–469. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316669821 Brand, S., Felner, R. D., Seitsinger, A., Burns, A., & Bolton, N. (2008). A large-scale study of the assessment of the social environment of middle and secondary schools: The validity and utility of teachers’ ratings of school climate, cultural pluralism, and safety problems for understanding school effects and school improvement. Journal of School Psychology, 46(5), 507–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2007.12.001 Brand, S., Felner, R., Shim, M., Seitsinger, A., & Dumas, T. (2003). Middle school improvement and reform: Development and validation of a school-level assessment of climate, cultural pluralism, and school safety. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(3), 570–588. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.95.3.570 Culp, A. M., Hubbs-Tait, L., Culp, R. E., & Starost, H.-J. (2000). Maternal Parenting Characteristics and School Involvement: Predictors of Kindergarten Cognitive Competence Among Head Start Children. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 15(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568540009594772 Dearing, E., McCartney, K., Weiss, H. B., Kreider, H., & Simpkins, S. (2004). The promotive effects of family educational involvement for low-income children’s literacy. Journal of School Psychology, 42(6), 445–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2004.07.002 Desforges, C., Abouchaar, A., Great Britain, & Department for Education and Skills. (2003). The impact of parental involvement, parental support and family education on pupil achievements and adjustment: A literature review. DfES. El Nokali, N. E., Bachman, H. J., & Votruba-Drzal, E. (2010). Parent Involvement and Children’s Academic and Social Development in Elementary School: Parent Involvement, Achievement, and Social Development. Child Development, 81(3), 988–1005. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01447.x Englund, M. M., Luckner, A. E., Whaley, G. J. L., & Egeland, B. (2004). Children’s Achievement in Early Elementary School: Longitudinal Effects of Parental Involvement, Expectations, and Quality of Assistance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(4), 723–730. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.96.4.723 Epstein, J. L. (Ed.). (2002). School, family, and community partnerships: Your handbook for action (2nd ed). Corwin Press. Fan, X. (2001). Parental Involvement and Students’ Academic Achievement: A Growth Modeling Analysis. The Journal of Experimental Education, 70(1), 27–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220970109599497 Fan, X., & Chen, M. (2001). Parental Involvement and Students’ Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 23. Georgiou, S. N., & Tourva, A. (2007). Parental attributions and parental involvement. 10. Gorski, P. (2008). The Myth of the Culture of Poverty. Educational Leadership, 65(7), 32–36. Hamre, B. K., & Pianta, R. C. (2005). Can Instructional and Emotional Support in the First-Grade Classroom Make a Difference for Children at Risk of School Failure? Child Development, 76(5), 949–967. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00889.x Hill, N. E., & Taylor, L. C. (2004). Parental School Involvement and Children’s Academic Achievement: Pragmatics and Issues. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(4), 161–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00298.x Hong, S., & Ho, H.-Z. (2005). Direct and Indirect Longitudinal Effects of Parental Involvement on Student Achievement: Second-Order Latent Growth Modeling Across Ethnic Groups. 11. Hornby, G., & Lafaele, R. (2011). Barriers to parental involvement in education: An explanatory model. Educational Review, 63(1), 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2010.488049 Hoy, W. K., Tarter, C. J., & Hoy, A. W. (2006). Academic Optimism of Schools: A Force for Student Achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 43(3), 425–446. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312043003425 Jeynes, W.H. (2014). Parent involvement for urban youth and student of color. In Handbook of urban education (In H. R. Milner&K. Lomotey (Eds.)). NY: Routledge. Jeynes, William H. (2005). Effects of Parental Involvement and Family Structure on the Academic Achievement of Adolescents. Marriage & Family Review, 37(3), 99–116. https://doi.org/10.1300/J002v37n03_06 Jeynes, William H. (2007). The Relationship Between Parental Involvement and Urban Secondary School Student Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis. Urban Education, 42(1), 82–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085906293818 Kaplan, D. S., Liu, X., & Kaplan, H. B. (2010). Influence of Parents’ Self-Feelings and Expectations on Children’s Academic Performance. 12. Kuperminc, G. P., Leadbeater, B. J., & Blatt, S. J. (2001). School Social Climate and Individual Differences in Vulnerability to Psychopathology among Middle School Students. Journal of School Psychology, 39(2), 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4405(01)00059-0 Kutsyuruba, B., Klinger, D. A., & Hussain, A. (2015). Relationships among school climate, school safety, and student achievement and well-being: A review of the literature. Review of Education, 3(2), 103–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/rev3.3043 Long, H., & Pang, W. (2016). Family socioeconomic status, parental expectations, and adolescents’ academic achievements: A case of China. Educational Research and Evaluation, 22(5–6), 283–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803611.2016.1237369 Loukas, A. (2007). High-quality school climate is advantageous for all students and may be particularly beneficial for at-risk students. 3. Mattingly, D. J., Prislin, R., McKenzie, T. L., Rodriguez, J. L., & Kayzar, B. (2002). Evaluating Evaluations: The Case of Parent Involvement Programs. Review of Educational Research, 72(4), 549–576. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543072004549 McWayne, C., Hampton, V., Fantuzzo, J., Cohen, H. L., & Sekino, Y. (2004). A multivariate examination of parent involvement and the social and academic competencies of urban kindergarten children. Psychology in the Schools, 41(3), 363–377. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.10163 Miedel, W. T., & Reynolds, A. J. (1999). Parent Involvement in Early Intervention for Disadvantaged Children: Does It Matter? Journal of School Psychology, 24. N.A., A., S.A., H., A.R., A., L.N., C., & N, O. (2017). Parental Involvement in Learning Environment, Social Interaction, Communication, and Support Towards Children Excellence at School. Journal of Sustainable Development Education and Research, 1(1), 77. https://doi.org/10.17509/jsder.v1i1.6247 Poon, K. (2020). The impact of socioeconomic status on parental factors in promoting academic achievement in Chinese children. International Journal of Educational Development, 75, 102175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2020.102175 Porumbu, D., & Necşoi, D. V. (2013). Relationship between Parental Involvement/Attitude and Children’s School Achievements. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 76, 706–710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.191 Potvin, R. D. P., & Leclerc, D. (1999). Family Characteristics as Predictors of School Achievement: Parental Involvement as a Mediator. MCGILLJOURNAL OF EDUCATION, 34(2), 19. Reynolds, A. J. (1991). 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78 Background: National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with high risk stage II or stage III colorectal cancer (CRC). Treatment within 8 weeks of surgery improves disease free survival and decreases recurrence. National Veterans Health Administration (VHA) CRC data demonstrated adherence to this standard; however, there was regional variation. We sought to describe time to treatment at a Southeast Regional VHA facility to determine local targets for quality improvement initiatives. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 705 electronic medical records of patients who underwent colorectal surgery from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2015 at VHA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System. Two trained clinician abstractors reviewed standard elements (k = 0.79 – 0.92). The population included patients with pathological stage high risk II or III CRC and excluded those with metastatic disease or documented NCCN defined exclusion from chemotherapy. We analyzed 2 populations; chemotherapy received and a sensitivity analysis population of patients who were eligible for, but did not receive, chemotherapy (no documentation of NCCN ineligibility or declined). The primary outcome was chemotherapy within 8 weeks of surgery, evaluated during three time periods due to changes in NCCN guidelines. Results: Of 705 colorectal surgeries, we excluded 262 for non-cancers, 220 for stage I or low-risk stage II cancers, and 46 for NCCN defined exclusion, yielding 177 cases: 120 colon and 57 rectal cancers. Patients were 98% male, 85% white, and median age 64 years [Interquartile Range 60, 70]. Among those receiving chemotherapy (123/177 [69.5%]), median time to treatment was 50.5 days [40,64]; with 63% receiving chemotherapy within 8 weeks. Results varied over time. Between 2000-2004 75% received within 8 weeks; 2005-2009, 62%; 2010-2015, 41%. Including all eligible patients, the proportion receiving timely treatment declined; overall 44%; 2000-2004, 57%; 2005-2009, 45%; 2010-2015, 25%. Conclusions: Improving care processes for patients with CRC can improve timely treatment. Exploring barriers such as prolonged hospitalization, wound healing, and port placement may reveal areas for quality improvement.

A theoretical treatment of the 2D exchange NQR pulse sequence is presented and applied to a quantitative study of exchange processes in molecular crystals. It takes into account the off-resonance irradiation, which critically influences the spin dynamics. The response to the threepulse sequence of a system of spins I = 3/2 in zero applied field, experiencing electric quadrupole couplings, is analysed. The mixing dynamics by exchange and the expected cross-peak intensities as a function of the frequency offset have been derived. The theory is illustrated by a study of the optimization procedure, which is of crucial importance for the detection of the cross- and diagonal-peaks in a 2D-exchange spectrum. The systems investigated are hexachloroethane and tetrachloroethylene. They show threefold and twofold reorientational jumps about the carbon-carbon axis, respectively. A new method of direct determination of rotational angles based on two-dimensional nutation exchange NQRspectroscopy is proposed. Themethod involves the detection of exchange processes through NQR nutation spectra recorded after the mixing interval. The response of a system of spins I = 3/2 to the three-pulse sequence with increasing pulse widths is analyzed. It is shown that the 2D-nutation exchange NQR spectrum exhibits characteristic ridges, which manifest the motional mechanism in a model-independent fashion. The angles through which the molecule rotates can be read directly from elliptical ridges in the 2D spectrum, which are also sensitive to the asymmetry parameter of the electric field gradient tensor.

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants showing systemic downy mildew (Plasmopara helianthi Novot.) symptoms (stunting and leaf chlorosis) were collected during May and June 2001-2003 in fields located in four regions of central Italy (Umbria, Tuscany, The Marches, and Emilia-Romagna). Generally restricted, a low disease incidence (2 to 12%) was observed in fields planted with commercial hybrids. In the surveyed areas, higher field incidences (20 to 30%) of downy mildew were only observed where suitable climatic conditions occurred. To determine pathogen race variability of P. helianthi, 18 isolates (one for each field) were recovered directly from infected leaves showing sporulation or after 24 h of incubation in a humid chamber at room temperature. After increasing initial inocula on the susceptible cv. Ala, race identification of all isolates was determined by the whole-seedling immersion technique (2) on three sets of nine differential sunflower lines (three lines per each set): HA-304, RHA 265, RHA 274; PMI-3, PMI-17, 803-1; and HAR-4, QHP-1, HA 335 using triplet coding (1). All differential lines were tested twice with 40 seeds per replicate (three replicates per line). Twelve days after inoculation, plants were placed in a chamber maintained at 20°C and 100% relative humidity for 24 h and then evaluated for a susceptible (sporulation on cotyledons and/or first true leaves) or resistance (absence of sporulation) reaction. Races 700 and 703 were identified during the 3-year survey. Race 700 was recovered frequently (56% of isolates) from the Italian regions except Emilia-Romagna. Race 703 was not detected in Tuscany. Races 700 and 703 have been previously isolated in other European countries (3,4), but to our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of either race in Italy. Our results confirm previous investigations and suggest that the restricted presence of downy mildew should be attributed to several factors: (i) lack of any source of resistance to both races in commercial hybrids; (ii) insufficient seed dressing with metalaxyl as observed on remnants of commercial hybrid treated seeds tested in laboratory analyses; and (iii) short rotation of cereals (often only 2- to 3-year interval) with sunflower crops. Although greenhouse tests showed most P. helianthi isolates were not controlled by metalaxyl seed treatment at the registered rate (2.1 g kg-1) loss of fungicide efficiency in fields has not yet been observed indicating that appropriate phytosanitary measures and proper seed treatment can provide control of sunflower downy mildew. References: (1) T. J. Gulya. Pages 76–78 in: Proc. 17th Sunflower Res. Workshop, Fargo, ND, 1995. (2) T. J. Gulya et al. Helia 14:11, 1991. (3) M. L. Molinero-Ruiz et al. Plant Dis. 86:736, 2002. (4) F. Virany and T. J. Gulya. Plant Pathol. 44:619, 1995.

Статтю присвячено спробі дослідити двомовний ментальний лексикон. Головне питання дослідження – встановити, чи персько-англійські білінгви можуть досягнути ефекту семантичного / асоціативного або перекладацького праймінгу. Для відповіді на це питання було застосовано масковану праймінгову парадигму як техніку, що відображає автоматичні когнітивні процеси, що тривають під час семантичної обробки, а не стратегічного використання прайму. Із метою вирішення лексичного завдання було сформовано чотири типи цільових пар праймінгу (перекладацькі еквіваленти, семантично подібні, асоціативно та семантично пов’язані пари). Загалом у дослідженні взяло участь 85 персько-англійських білінгвів. Хоча ефекту праймінгу не було виявлено для перших трьох груп, респонденти із семантично пов’язаних пар (найміцніше пов’язаних слів) відповіли приблизно на 29 мс швидше. Результати засвідчили, що білінгви мають спільні уявлення для асоціативних семантично пов’язаних слів. Отже, навчання новим словам другої мови, шляхом поєднання їх із асоціативно пов’язаними словами першої мови, може привести до кращих результатів. Література References Balota, D. A., & Lorch, R. F. (1986). Depth of automatic spreading activation: Mediated priming effects in pronunciation but not in lexical decision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, Cognition, 12, 336–345. Chiarello, C., Burgess, C., Richards, L., & Pollock, A. (1990). Semantic and associative priming in the cerebral hemispheres: Some words do, some words don’t…Sometimes, some places. Brain and Language, 38, 75–104. Collins, A. M., & Loftus, E. F. (1975). A spreading activation theory of semantic priming. Psychological Review, 82, 407–428. Coltheart, M. (1981). The MRC Psycholinguistic Database. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 33A, 497–505. Costa, A., Colome, A., & Caramazza, A. (2000). Lexical access in speech production: The bilingual case. Psicologica, 21, 403–437. de Groot, A. M. B., & Nas, G. L. (1991). Lexical representation of cognates and non-cognates in compound bilinguals. Journal of Memory and Language, 30, 90–123. Dijkstra, A. F. J., & Van Heuven, W. J. B. (2002). The architecture of the bilingual word recognition system: From identification to decision. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 5(3), 175-197. Duyck, W. (2005). Translation and associative priming with cross-lingual pseudohomophones: Evidence for nonselective phonological activation in bilinguals. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31, 1340–1359. Fischler, I. (1977). Semantic facilitation without association in a lexical decision task. Memory & Cognition, 5, 335–339. Forster, K. I., & Davis, C. (1984). Repetition priming and frequency attenuation in lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 10, 680–698. Forster, K. I., & Forster, J. C. (2003). DMDX: A Windows display program with millisecond accuracy. 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Category interference in translation and picture naming: Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations. Journal of Memory and Language, 33,149–174. Lupker, S. J. (1984). Semantic priming without association: A second look. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 23, 709–733. Perea, M., Duñabeitia, J. A., & Carreiras, M. (2008). Masked associative/semantic priming effects across languages with highly proficient bilinguals. Journal of Memory and Language, 58, 916–930. Perea, M., & Rosa, E. (2002). The effects of associative and semantic priming in the lexical decision task. Psychological Research, 66, 180–194. Samani, R., & Sharifian, F. (1997). Cross-language hierarchical spreading of activation. In Sharifian, F. (ed.), Proceedings of the Conference on Language, Cognition, and Interpretation (pp. 11–23). Isfahan: IAU Press. Sanchez-Casas, R. M., Davis, C. W., & Garcia-Albea, J. E. (1992). Bilingual lexical processing: Exploring the cognate/non-cognate distinction. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology Special Issue: Multilingual Community, 4(4), 293–310. Williams, J. N. (1994). The relationship between word meanings in the first and second language: Evidence for a common, but restricted, semantic code. European Journal of Psychology, 6, 195–220.

Coordinating and collecting satellite data of changing polar environments is one of the prime activities of International Polar Year (IPY) 2007–08 (Rapley et al. 2004). Within this framework, the requirements to obtain spaceborne snapshots of the Polar Regions and key high latitude processes have been prepared by the international cryospheric community under the auspices of the approved IPY project titled the Global Inter-agency IPY Polar Snapshot Year (GIIPSY). Earlier efforts in manoeuvring Radarsat-1 in a special mode provided radar images with a spatial resolution of 30 m over the entirety of Antarctica during September–October 1997 (Jezek et al. 1998). Limited to their altitude (AL), swath (SW) and pointing capability (PC), however, the operation of optical satellites with high-spatial-resolution sensors is generally restricted to certain latitudes. For example, Landsat (AL:705 km/SW:185 km/PC:0°) mission has been able to provide high-spatial-resolution optical imagery only to ~81°N to ~81°S since the 1980s. The coverage is now extended to ~86° by ASTER (AL:705 km/SW:60 km/PC:24°) (Kargel et al. 2005), but there has been no availability of space-borne optical image of the polar regions with a resolution equivalent or higher than Landsat type sensors with latitudes higher than 86°, until the successful operation of Formosat-2 (AL:891 km/SW:24 km/PC: ± 45° across and along track). Equipped with two-axes high torque reaction wheels, Formosat-2 is able to point not only to ± 45° across track, but also to ± 45° along track (Liu et al. 2007). Figure 1 shows the accessible areas (longer lines: along track ± 0°, across track ± 45°; shorter lines: along track ± 0°, across track ± 30°) and the corresponding ground tracks (solid curves) of Formosat-2 in the Polar Regions. Note that the accessible areas would be even greater if the pointing direction is also set to ± 45° along track. The detailed comparison of Formosat-2 with other similar sensors, including the multi-spectral bands and imaging repeat period, can be found in table I in Liu et al. (2007). To support IPY 2007–08, the National Space Organization (NSPO) of Taiwan launched a Polar Imaging Campaign (PIC) in March 2006. Up to September 2007, a total of 1 131 624 km2 in the North Polar Region and a total of 57 408 km2 in the South Polar Region had been imaged by Formosat-2. All Formosat-2 images taken during the NSPO PIC are available from the authors.

It is known that the behavior of real axisymmetric bolted joints in tension is much more complicated than that the conventional theory describes. Phenomenon conflicting with the theory prediction was observed in experimental and finite element analysis [Kwiatkowski, J. K., Winnicki, L. A., and Krzyspiak, A., 1986, “Stress Analysis of Bolted Tensile End Plate Connections,” Rozprawy Inzynierskie Eng. Trans., 34, pp. 113–137; Webjörn, J., 1988, “Die Moderne Schraubenverbindung,” VDI-Z, 130, pp. 76–78; Grosse, I. R., and Mitchell, L. D., 1990, “Nonlinear Axial Stiffness Characteristics of Bolted Joints,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 122, pp. 442–449; Gerbert, G., Bastedt, H., 1993, “Centrically Loaded Bolt Joints,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 115, pp. 701–705]. Recently, a new analytical model of bolted joints was presented [Zhang, O., and Poirier, J. A., 2004, “New Analytical Model for Axisymmetric Bolted Joints,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 126, pp. 721–728], based on which some discussions are further made in this note.

RESUMENDurante el período de 1778- 1808 la Sociedad Económica Mallorquina de Amigos del País centró su interés en la ciencia gracias al papel que podían ejercer las innovaciones científicas en el desarrollo económico de Mallorca. La universidad se encontraba inmersa en una profunda reforma dirigida desde la propia monarquía, de ahí la importancia de la Sociedad en el impulso de una serie de proyectos que expresan el auge de las inquietudes en esta materia.PALABRAS CLAVE: Sociedad Económica Mallorquina de Amigos del País, Mallorca, siglo XVIII, ciencia, Ilustración.ABSTRACTDuring the period 1778 – 1808, the Majorcan Economic Society of Friends of the Country focused its interests on science, thanks to the role which scientific innovations played in the economic development of Majorca. The university found itself immersed in major reform directed by the monarchy. 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Проведены исследования начальных стадий роста пленок ниобата лития на Si в процессе ВЧМР, исследовано влияние условий ВЧМР и последующих обработок (ТО, ИФО, БТО) на структуру, субструктуру и ориентацию получаемых покрытий. Установлено, что начальные стадии роста пленок ниобата лития в процессе ВЧМР на подогретой до 550 °С Si подложке характеризуются островковым зарождением кристаллитов и последующей их коалесценцией. Показана возможность управления текстурой пленок ниобата лития в процессе ВЧМР в условиях воздействия плазмы ВЧ-разряда, путем изменения состава рабочего газа. Показан эффект ИФО в кристаллизации аморфных пленок состава ниобата лития, заключающийся в формировании однофазной нанокристаллической пленки ниобата лития, в процессе обработки на воздухе. ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект № 18-33-00836. ЛИТЕРАТУРА Lu Y, Dekker P., Dawes J.M. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2009, vol. 311, pp. 1441-1445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.12.035 Poghosyan A. R., Guo R., Manukyan A. L., Grigoryana S. G. SPIE, 2007, vol. 6698, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.734353 Kadota M., Suzuki Y., Ito Y. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2011, vol. 50, pp. 1-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1143/jjap.50.07hd10 Hao L., Li Y., Zhu J., Wu Z., Wang J., Liu X., Zhang W. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2014, vol. 599, pp. 108-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.02.078 Gupta V., Bhattacharya P., Yuzyuk Yu. I., Katiyar R. S. Mater. Res., 2004, vol. 19, N 8, pp. 2235-2239. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0322 Tan S., Gilbert T., Hung C.-Y., and Schlesinger T. E. Phys. Lett., 1996, vol. 68, p. 2651. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.116270 Shih W.-C., Sun X.-Y. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 2010, vol. 405, no. 6, pp. 1619–623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.12.054 Barinov S. M., Belonogov E. K., Ievlev V. M., et al. DokladyPhysical Chemistry, 2007, vol. 412, no. 1, pp. 15-18. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0012501607010058 Hansen P. J., Terao Y., Wu Y., York R. A., Mishra U. K., Speck J. S. Vac. Sci. Technol., 2005, vol. 23, № 1, pp. 162-167. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1850106 Sumets M., Ievlev V., Kostyuchenko A., Vakhtel V., Kannykin S., Kobzev A. Thin Solid Films, 2014, vol. 552, pp. 32–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2013.12.005 Seok-Won Choi, et al. The Korean Journal of Ceramics, 2000, vol. 6, no. 20, pp. 138-142. Ievlev V. M., Soldatenko S. A., Kushhev S. B., Gorozhankin Ju. V. Inorganic Materials, 2008, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 705-712. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0020168508070066 Ievlev V. M., Turaeva T. L., Latyshev A. N., et al. The Physics of Metals and Metallography, 2007, vol. 103, no. 1, pp. 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0031918x07010073

Sumario: I. CONTROL INTERNO Y CÁMARA DE CUENTAS: SUS RELACIONES.—II. CÁMARA DE CUENTAS Y ASAMBLEA DE MADRID: SUS RELACIONES.—III. LA CONTRATACIÓN Y SU FISCALIZACIÓN.—1. Contratación administrativa y autonomía de la voluntad.—2. Fiscalización y requisitos de la contratación.—2.1. Elemento subjetivo de la contratación.—2.2. Ámbito objetivo de aplicación.—2.3. Procedimiento de contratación.—2.4. Los Pliegos de Cláusulas Administrativas y de prescripciones técnicas.—2.5. Procedimientos y formas de adjudicación.—2.6. Publicidad de la contratación.—2.7. Perfección y formalización de los contratos.—3. Ejecución de los contratos.—3.1. Mora del contratista.—3.2. Pago e intereses de demora.—3.3. Revisión de precios.—3.4. Indemnizaciones.—3.5. Modificaciones de los contratos.—4. Cumplimiento de los contratos.—4.1. Cumplimiento.—4.2. Resolución del contrato.—5. Garantías exigibles en los contratos con las Administraciones Públicas.—5.1. Garantía provisional.—5.2. Garantía definitiva.

The aim of this paper was to identify which psycholinguistic variables are better predictors of performance for healthy participants in a picture naming task and in a picture categorization task. A correlation analysis and a Path analysis were carried out. The correlation analysis showed that naming accuracy and naming latency are significant and positively correlated with lexical frequency and conceptual familiarity variables, whereas they are negatively correlated with H index. Reaction times in the categorization task were negatively correlated with lexical frequency and conceptual familiarity variables and positively correlated with visual complexity variable. The Path analysis showed that subjective lexical frequency and H index are the better predictors for picture naming task. In picture categorization task, for reaction times, the better predictor variables were subjective lexical frequency, conceptual familiarity and visual complexity. 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Abstract. A 5-class intensity scale for wave storms in the Catalan coast is presented. This has been done by analysing a storm data set which comprises 5 buoys during the period 1988/2008. The obtained classification improves the former proposal of Mendoza and Jiménez (2008) by better resolving spatial and temporal variability in wave storms in the area. The obtained classification reflects the increase in wave storm properties as the storm category increases. Because the selected classification parameter was the energy content which implicitly contains Hs and storm duration, this variable was used to define class limits; class I storms (24–250 m2 h), class II storms (251–500 m2 h), class III (501–700 m2 h), class IV storms (701–1200 m2 h) and class V storms (>1200 m2 h). The energy content variable was also used as proxy for induced hazards; the observed increase in energy content for higher classes reflected a significant increase in the intensity of the potential hazards. Lastly, the dominant synoptic situation for wave storms along the Catalan coast was the presence of a Mediterranean cyclone although a direct correspondence on cyclone's intensity over the western Mediterranean with wave energy content was not found.

: Due to the restructuring of the Slovak agriculture managed by the Common agricultural policy of the European union, the acreage under sugar beet has been significantly reduced (32 000 ha in 2003, 27 700 ha in 2006). For the growers with a high intensity of growing, sugar beet has the potential to bring profit. The quality of the crop stand establishment during seeding is considered as the basis for a high yield of the sugar beet roots. Biological and technological properties of sugar beet seed, tillage quality and the quality of the seed placement into the soil have a dominant effect on the value and evenness of the sugar beet field emergence. A regular seed placement is also required as the precondition for minimising the harvest losses. During seeding, the distance between two successive seeds in the row depends upon the technical parameters of the planter – forward speed, type of the seeding unit mounting to the frame, the design and the type of the seeding mechanism drive. Our paper is focused on the comparison of the seeding quality of two types of sugar beet planters equipped with different seeding mechanisms: ground driven seeding mechanism and electric motor driven seeding mechanism. Unicorn synchro drive planter provided better results (<I>x</I>₂ = 17.89 mm) than Meca 2000 planter (<I>x</I>₂ = 28.44 mm). The planters were evaluated in experiments conducted in field conditions according to the International standard ISO 7256/1.

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Abstract Abstract 1578 Poster Board I-604 Background T-ALL accounts for about 15% of pediatric ALL and still represents a clinical challenge, because more than 20% of children experience a recurrent disease which has a dismal prognosis. Characterization of molecular alterations with prognostic impact may be useful for an early identification of patients at high risk of failure in whom more intensive treatments, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may be considered. CALM-AF10 results from a recurring t(10;11)(p13;q14-21) chromosomal translocation and is the most frequent fusion transcript in both adult and pediatric patients with T-ALL. Its presence has been associated with a poor prognosis (Asnafi V et al. Blood 2003; van Grotel M et al Haematologica 2006). The aim of the present study was i) to define the incidence of CALM-AF10 among homogeneously treated children with T-ALL and ii) to evaluate the outcome of these patients. Materials and Methods We studied 201 patients with T-ALL, diagnosed and enrolled between 9/2000 and 12/2007 in the ALL-2000 protocol and the subsequent modified 2000 study (ALL-R-2006) of the Associazione Italiana di Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP) which consist of an intensive chemotherapy strategy based on BFM-ALL schedules. Patients were mainly stratified according to prednisone response evaluation (good response: blast count at day 8 less than 1000/mmc) and detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) performed at day 33 (Timepoint 1) and at day 78 (Timepoint 2). When both TPs were negative children were considered to be at Standard Risk (SR); patients with TP1 and/or TP2 positive and TP2 '10-3 were considered to be at Intermediate Risk (MR); children with TP2 positive ≥10-3 belong to the high risk (HR) group. Patients with prednisone poor response and MRD-HR were considered eligible for HSCT from a sibling donor in first complete remission. Event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) estimates with 95% CIs were calculated through the Kaplan-Meier method and differences compared with the log-rank test. RT-PCR reactions for detection of CALM-AF10 were performed as previously reported (Asnafi V et al Blood 2003) Results Ten patients resulted not eligible and were excluded from analysis. Among the 191 evaluable children with T-ALL, 14 (7,3%) were positive for CALM-AF10. Twelve (85%) of these patients were males. Median age was 8 years (range 2 – 13). Immunophenotyping showed thymic/intermediate features in 6 cases, mature in 5, early in 1, biclonal in 1 and unknown in 1, respectively. Eight cases showed a poor prednisone (PDN) response. Based on a randomized study performed in induction in the frame of the ALL-2000 protocol on the efficacy of PDN vs dexametasone (DXM) 8 children were treated with PDN and 3 with DXM The remaining 3 cases, belonging to the ALL R-2006 protocol, were treated with DXM (n=2) and PDN (n=1). MRD-based stratification allowed the allocation of 3, 8 and 3 patients in the SR, MR and HR, respectively. Four cases relapsed (3 in the central nervous system and 1 in the bone marrow). EFS at 5 years of the 14 CALM-AF10 positive T-ALL children versus the 177 who were negative was 70.1% vs 63.9%, respectively (p-value log-rank=0.61). Small numbers did not allow to fully evaluate the impact of different variables such as initial steroid treatment (PDN vs DXM) or the MRD-based risk-group assignment Conclusions This study performed in a vast cohort of children with T-ALL shows that CALM-AF10 is found in about 7% of children with T-ALL and that does not predict a poor outcome when an intensive chemotherapy strategy is employed. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

El objeto de este trabajo es el estudio del simbolismo de las aves en el ámbito tartésico y fenicio-púnico en la península ibérica durante el Bronce Final y el Hierro I. Se han recogido y analizado aquellas piezas con representaciones de aves, así como los restos orgánicos de éstas, si bien esto último no ha dado muchos frutos debido a las dificultades que existen tanto para su conservación como para la posterior identificación de especies. En total se han podido determinar ánades, gallos, palomas, flamencos, cisnes, lechuzas y halcones, todas ellas representadas en el Mediterráneo oriental y cuya iconografía se vincula al mundo funerario, al tránsito al Más Allá y a las divinidades. Gran parte de esa iconografía llegó a la península de mano de los fenicios, si bien su acogida y aceptación entre la población local fue variable. Palabras clave: aves, simbolismo, tartesios, fenicios, púnicosTopónimos: península ibéricaPeriodo: Hierro I. ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to study the symbolism of birds in Tartessian and Phoenician-Punic cultures within the Iberian Peninsula during the late Bronze and early Iron Age. To this end, items with any sort of symbolism connected with birds have been analysed. Organic remains have also been examined, although the latter did not make a relevant contribution to the study due to problems of conservation of the organic remains and subsequent identification of species. I have identified ducks, roosters, pigeons, flamingos, swans, owls and hawks, all located around the East Mediterranean basin and related to funerary contexts, the journey to the hereafter and deities. Most of this iconography reached the Iberian Peninsula via Phoenician culture, albeit its acceptance among the local population varied. Keywords: birds, symbolism, Tartesian, Phoenicians, PunicPlace names: Iberian PeninsulaPeriod: Iron Age REFERENCIASAlmagro Gorbea, M. J. 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Thorkild Andersen: Datering af fortiden. Om det første danske kulstof-14 laboratorium.(Nina Helt Nielsen)Pauline Asingh & Niels Lynnerup (eds.): Grauballe Man – An Iron Age Bog Body Revisited.(Wijnand A.B. van der Sanden)Elisabeth Beausang: Childbirth and Mothering in Archaeology.(Jeanette Varberg)Charlotte Hedenstierna-Jonson & Lena Holmquist Olausson: The Oriental Mounts from Birka’s Garrison. An expression of warrior rank & status.(Andres S. Dobat)Michael Cremo & Richard Thompson: Forbudt Arkæologi.(Jeanette Varberg)Anne Katrine Gjerløff: Fejder om fortiden.(Lars Schreiber Pedersen)Joakim Goldhahn: Hällbildsstudier i Norra Europa – trender och tradition under det nya millenniet.(Flemming Kaul)James Graham-Campbell med Magdalena Valor (red.): The Archaeology of Medieval Europe.(Michael Andersen)D.A. Hepp, R. Wiechmann, H. Paulsen, H. Kroll, D. M. Wilson, K. Schietzel og C. Radtke (red.): Ausgrabungen in Haithabu.(Hans Skov)Anders Högberg & Deborah Olausson: Scandinavian Flint – an Archaeological Perspective.(Berit V. Eriksen)Jørgen Jensen: Et archæologisk Vikingetogt. J.J.A. Worsaaes rejse til England, Skotland og Irland 1846-47.(Jens B. Skriver)Knud J. Krogh: Gåden om Kong Gorms Grav. Historien om Nordhøjen i Jelling. Vikingekongernes monumenter i Jelling.(Jens Jeppesen)Knud J. Krogh og Bodil Leth-Larsen: Hedensk og Kristent. Fundene fra den kongelige gravhøj i Jelling. Vikingekongernes monumenter i Jelling.(Jens Jeppesen)U.M. Meier: Die früh- und hochmittelalterliche Siedlung bei Schuby, Kreis Schleswig-Flensburg.(Hans Skov)Magdalene S. Midgley: The Megaliths of Northern Europe.(Niels H. Andersen)Marianne Rasmussen (red.): Iron Houses in Flames. Testing house reconstructions at ­Lejre.(Jørgen Lund)Penelope Walton Rogers: Cloth and Clothing in Early Anglo-Saxon England, AD 450-700.(Lise Bender Jørgensen)Søren Michael Sindbæk: Ruter og rutinisering. Vikingetidens fjernhandel i Nordeuropa.(Ingvild Øye)J.P. Taavitsainen, Janne Vilkuna & Henry Forssell: Suojoki at Keuruu – a mid 14th-century site of the wilderness culture in the light of settlement historical processes in Central Finland.(Poul Baltzer Heide)

Objetivos: Evaluar el comportamiento de seroprevalencia del virus linfotrópico humano, en Lima, a fin de proponer la utilización de leucorreducción en componentes sanguíneos. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo, aleatorio y transversal. Institución: Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Participantes: Bancos de Sangre. Intervenciones: Se consideró al Banco de Sangre del Hospital Dos de Mayo, con un total de 45 041 donantes, de un total de 60 705, de enero de 2002 a octubre de 2011. La población estudiada fue 70% de varones y 30% mujeres, entre 18 y 60 años. Principales medidas de resultados: Prevalencia de HTLV-I-II en donantes de sangre de Lima. Resultados: Se obtuvo prevalencias entre 0,64% (2009) y 1,50% (2003); el promedio de los 9 años fue 0,97%. Se incrementó el número de donantes de 2 943 el año 2002 a 5 824 el 2010. Se halló en 9 años 420 reactivos iniciales por tamización, repetidamente reactivos (0,93%) de la población total; siendo la prevalencia nacional 0,83%. Los casos positivos procedieron de los distritos de San Juan de Lurigancho, con 26%. Conclusiones: Se confirmó prevalencia alta de HTLV-I-II en donantes de sangre en Lima, con cierta endemicidad. La obligatoriedad de tamizaje en los bancos de sangre, en 1997, resultó ser una barrera eficaz en la seguridad transfusional, la misma que debería ser ampliada implementándose procedimientos de desleucocitación en todas las unidades colectadas.

El texto aborda la evolución del análisis historiográfico que se ha llevado a cabo sobre la Cataluña moderna entre finales del siglo XVI y principios del XVIII. Aunque la frontera moderna de Cataluña puede ser múltiple, nos centramos esencialmente en aquella que va desde el Valle de Arán hasta el Mediterráneo. El texto abre con una primera reflexión sobre el camino hacia el cambio de modelo, luego evoca los efectos de las guerras con Francia, con algunos ejemplos concretos, como el de Cerdaña, y, por último, expone la realidad percibida y llevada a cabo con la nueva “fortificación” de la frontera catalana a finales del siglo XVII, cuando el control de Francia se hace evidente. Palabras clave: Frontera, fronterización, fortificaciónTopónimos: Francia, España, Cataluña,Período: época moderna ABSTRACTThe text addresses the evolution of the historiographical analysis that of modern Catalonia between the end of the 16th and the beginning of the 18th century. Although the modern border of Catalonia may be multiple, the focus will essentially be upon the border that runs from the Arán Valley to the Mediterranean. The text opens with an initial reflection on the path towards a change of model, before evoking the effects of the wars with France, with some specific examples, such as that of Cerdanya, and finally presenting the reality perceived and manifested with the new “fortification” of the Catalan border at the end of the 17th century, when French control became evident. Keywords: Border, bordering, fortificationPlace names: France, Spain, CataloniaPeriod: modern era REFERENCIASAyats, A., Louis XIV et les Pyrénées catalanes de 1659 à 1681. Frontière politique et frontières militaires, Trabucaire, Canet, 2002.Bély, L., “La representación de la frontera en las diplomacias durante la Época Moderna”, Manuscrits, 26, (2008), pp. 35-51.— “Westphalie, Pyrénées, Utrecht: trois traités pour redessiner l'Europe”, en O. 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AbstractThe pre-main sequence star V1647 Ori started a new outburst in August 2008. From October 2008 to February 2009 we monitored V1647 Ori, obtaining quasi-simultaneous VLT-CRIRES near-IR spectroscopy, VLT-VISIR mid-IR spectroscopy and VLT-FORS2 optical spectroscopy. We studied the evolution of H2 and CO emission from hot and warm gas and Hα and forbidden line-emission during the initial outburst phase of V1647 Ori. Hα is observed in emission displaying P-Cygni profiles with blue-shifted absorption up to –700 km/s, suggesting the presence of a high velocity wind (Fig. 1a). [OI] emission at 6300 Å is observed displaying a blue-shifted emission shoulder, indicating the presence of material moving away from the star (Fig. 1b). We detect H2 1-0 S(1) and CO (P4 to P14 and P30-P38) ro-vibrational lines centered at the velocity of the star at all epochs (Fig. 1c & d). This strongly suggests that the H2 and CO emission originates from a disk and not from a warm outflow. The H2 1–0 S(0) and 2-1 S(1) ro-vibrational lines at 2.22 and 2.24 μm and the pure-rotational H2 0–0 S(1) and 0–0 S(2) lines at 17 and 12 μm were not detected in our spectra. Changes in the Hα and [OI] profiles and the H2 and CO emission observed do not correlate. We modeled the H2 and CO line profiles assuming emission from a flat disk in keplerian rotation with line intensity decreasing with radius (I ~ I0(R/Rmin)−α). We found that the disk of V1647 Ori is observed nearly face-on and that the line emission is produced within a fraction of an AU of the star (Fig. 1d).

In this work an extension of the adaptive-elasticity theory is proposed in order to include the contribution of bone microdamage as a stimulus. Some aspects of damaged-bone tissue adaptation, brought about by a change of the daily loading history, are investigated. In particular, under the assumption of a small strain approximation and isothermal conditions, the solution of the remodeling rate equation for steady homogeneous stress is discussed and the damage effect upon the remodeling time constant is shown. The result is both theoretical and numerical, based on a recent theory of internal damaged-bone remodeling (Ramtani, S., and Zidi, M., 1999, “Damaged-Bone Remodeling Theory: Thermodynamical Approach,” Mechanics Research Communications, Vol. 26, pp. 701–708. Ramtani, S., and Zidi, M., 2001, “A Theoretical Model of the Effect of Continum Damage on a Bone Adaption Model,” Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 34, pp. 471–479) and motivated by the works of Cowin, S. C., and Hegedus, D. M., 1976, “Bone Remodeling I: Theory and Adaptive Elasticity,” Journal of Elasticity, Vol. 6, pp. 471–479 and Hegedus, D. H., and Cowin, S. C., 1976, “Bone Remodeling II: Small Strain Adaptive Elasticity,” Journal of Elasticity, Vol. 6, pp. 337–352.

The High Temperature Receiver (HitTRec) consists of a modular ceramic absorber, a supporting structure and an air-return system. It has been designed to prevent possible flow instability at 700-800°C average outlet air temperature with atmospheric pressure. The HiTRec-II prototype was developed to solve the structural problems of the first prototype (HiTRec-I). Testing in the Plataforma Solar de Almerı´a (PSA) test bed lasted from November 2000 through May 2001, accumulating 150 test hours under concentrated sun. Results demonstrated the durability of the modified stainless-steel structure. Inlet aperture flux was up to 900kW/m2 and average outlet air temperatures of up to 840°C with peak outlet air temperatures of up to 950°C. Thermal efficiency under steady-state conditions was 76±7% at 700°C, nominal conditions for a PHOEBUS-type volumetric receiver. Other performance characteristics were also evaluated (e.g., Air Return Ratio of 46% and characteristic receiver response time of 70 s).

Wild larkspur, Delphinium glaucum S. Watson, grows throughout most of Alaska along roadsides and in forests and is planted as an ornamental. Leaves containing distinct vein-clearing and chlorotic mosaic symptoms were first noticed on several D. glaucum plants during 2000 at the Georgeson Botanical Garden in Fairbanks, AK. Although affected plants continued to produce normal flowers, by 2008, the plants developed overall stunting. Initially, virus presence was determined by a general differential centrifugation extraction and concentration protocol followed by examination of the partially purified virus and leaf sap by electron microscopy. Filamentous particles approximately 725 nm long were observed. Virion protein extractions analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a putative coat protein (CP) of ~35 kDa. Potyvirus identity (family Potyviridae) was confirmed with universal potyvirus antiserum in western blots and ELISA assays (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN). Exotic larkspur plants, D. elatum L., growing next to diseased D. glaucum plants, did not exhibit symptoms nor were they positive for potyvirus when tested serologically as described previously. Total RNA was extracted from potyvirus-infected leaves and used in reverse transcriptase-PCR assays that specifically targeted potyviruses (2,4) to generate genomic segments for identification and sequence analysis. Fragments representing portions of the helper component protease gene, HC-Pro (~700 bp), the cylindrical inclusion gene, CI (~700 bp), and the 3′-end (~1.7 kbp) were purified, cloned, sequenced, and deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. FJ349329, FJ349328, and FJ349327, respectively). The sequenced 3′-end (1,674 nt) revealed a partial nuclear inclusion protein gene, NIb (1 to 630 nt), a CP gene (631 to 1,443 nt), and a 3′-untranslated region (1,447 to 1,674 nt) attached to a poly (A) tail. Blast searches in GenBank for percent identities of the nucleotide and amino acid comparisons resulted in highest similarities in conserved regions among members in the genus Potyvirus. For example, the highest CI, CP, and HP amino acid identities (0 gaps) were 67% with Potato virus A (Accession No. AF543709), 74% with Araujia mosaic virus (Accession No. EF710625), and 65% with Potato virus A (Accession No. AJ131403), respectively. However, none of the identities were sufficient for inclusion with an existing potyvirus species, whereby the CP amino acid sequence identity must be at least 80% (1). Mechanical transmission of purified virus to Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, D. elatum, D. glaucum, and Nicotiana benthamiana seedlings was unsuccessful. We conclude that the isolated virus is a new species in the genus Potyvirus and propose the name Delphinium vein-clearing virus (DeVCV). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a virus isolated from D. glaucum and is representative of the growing number of viruses found in native plants (3). The distribution of DeVCV-infected larkspur is not known in managed or natural ecosystems. Identification of new viruses from native plants is important, in that, the host plant may act as a virus reservoir for transmission to other ornamental and crop plants. References: (1) P. H. Berger et al. Family Potyviridae. Page 819 in: Virus Taxonomy-8th Report of the ICTV. C. M. Fauquet et al., eds. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 2005. (2) J. Chen et al. Arch. Virol. 146:757, 2001. (3) I. Cooper and A. C. Jones. Adv. Virus Res. 67:1, 2006. (4) C. Ha et al. Arch. Virol. 153:25, 2008.

Henryk Halkowski (1951-2009): ‘Strażnik pamięci żydowskiej’ w KrakowieArtykuł rozpatruje jako przykład drugiego pokolenia po Szoa życie i twórczość żyjącego w Krakowie w latach 1951-2009 Henryka Halkowskiego, filozofa, architekta, a przede wszystkim ‘strażnika pamięci żydowskiej’, jego eseistykę i publicystykę na tematy żydowskie oraz stosunków polsko-żydowskich, a także jego przekłady i opracowania tekstów judaistycznych. Halkowski szczególnie podkreślał, że nie należy zajmować się historią Żydów w Polsce tylko jako historią ich Zagłady, gdyż w Polsce, a zwłaszcza na krakowskim Kazimierzu istniały i rozwijały się bujnie przez 700 lat życie żydowskie i kultura żydowska. Zmarły erudyta był z Krakowem głęboko związany biograficznie, jak też uczuciowo i zwykł kłaść nacisk na fakt, że historia Żydów i historia Krakowa są ze sobą nierozerwalnie związane. Henryk Halkowski (1951-2009): ‘Wächter des jüdischen Gedächtnisses’ in KrakauDer Beitrag betrachtet exemplarisch als ein Beispiel der zweiten Generation nach der Shoah das Leben und Schaffen von Henryk Halkowski (1950-2009), der in Krakau lebte und als Philosoph. Architekt und vor allem als ‚Wächter des jüdischen Gedächtnisses‘ funktionierte. Ich bespreche seine Essayistik und Publizistik zu jüdischen Themen sowie solchen der polnisch-jüdischen Beziehungen wie auch seine Übersetzungen und Bearbeitungen judaistischer Texte. Besonders betonte Halkowski, dass man die Geschichte der Juden in Polen nicht lediglich als Geschichte ihres Untergangs betrachten sollte, denn es existierte und florierte in Polen, und insbesondere in der Nachbarstadt (dann im Stadtviertel) Krakaus Kazimierz 700 Jahre lang das jüdische Leben und die jüdische Kultur. Der gestorbene (Privat-)Gelehrte war sowohl biographisch als auch emotionell mit Krakau tief verbunden und pflegte mit Nachdruck zu sagen, dass die Geschichte der Juden und die Geschichte Krakaus unzertrennlich zusammenhängen.

En el noreste de México que comprende los estados de Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, Coahuila y San Luis Potosí, se siembran anualmente 934 mil hectáreas de sorgo para grano, con una producción promedio de dos millones de toneladas. En esta región un problema importante es la sequía, causada por la distribución errática de lluvias y el escaso uso de prácticas de conservación y aprovechamiento de la humedad. La mayor parte (75 %) del sorgo se cultiva bajo condiciones de temporal o secano, y se estima que durante el ciclo otoño-invierno (O-I) 2001/2002 la sequía provocó, pérdidas en la producción por cerca de 700 mil toneladas de grano; este año el rendimiento medio fue de 1.5 t ha-1, en lugar del rendimiento medio de 2.4 t ha-1. Una estrategia que puede ayudar a reducir las pérdidas en rendimiento, es la obtención de plantas más eficientes para el aprovechamiento de la humedad disponible del suelo y de los elementos nutritivos esenciales para su desarrollo.

Sankaranandanas Isvarapakaranasanksepa mit einem anonymen Kommentar und weiteren Materialen zur buddhistischen Gottes-politik, Teil I: Texte; Teil 2: Annotierte Übersetzungen und Studie zur Auseinandersetzung über die Existenz Gottes. Helmut Krasser. (Beiträge zur Kultur- und Geistesgeschichte Asien Nr 39) Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2002. xix, 127 & 378 pp. Pb. ISBN 3-7001-3024-4.

For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version).ABSTRACT Reliability of artificial structures on the railways is directly related to safety of life of passengers and cargo. The proposed scheme of control of technical condition of the span allows to calculate with a great precision design reliability and to predict its changes, to respond flexibly to the dynamics of the operating conditions, as well as to control optimally the processes by the criterion «reliability-cost». Keywords: railway engineering structures, span, reliability, security, recursive algorithm, optimal interval. REFERENCES 1.GOST R54257-2010.Reliability of constructions and foundations.Fundamentals and requirements.Introduced on 01.09.2011 [GOST R54257-2010. Nadezhnost’ stroitel’nyh konstrukcij i osnovanij. Osnovnye polozhenija i trebovanija. Vved. 01.09.2011]. 2.Kos, O. I. Recursive algorithm for calculating and predicting the probability of failure-free operation of artificial structures [Rekurrentnyj algoritm rascheta i prognozirovanija verojatnosti bezotkaznoj raboty iskusstvennyh sooruzhenij].Transportnoe stroitel’stvo, 2016, Iss.6, pp.16-20. 3.Osipov, O. Durability of metal superstructures of operated railway bridges [Dolgovechnost’ metallicheskih proletnyh stroenij ekspluatiruemyh zheleznodorozhnyh mostov].Moscow, Transport publ., 1982, 287 p. 4.Smirnov, V. Yu., Kos, O. I. Optimum Time Spans of Preventive Replacements for Railway Engineering Structures.World of Transport and Transportation, Vol.11, 2013, Iss.1, pp.152-155. 5.Kos, O. I. Forecast of Wear of Metal Bridge Spans.World of Transport and Tranposrtation, Vol.12, 2014, Iss.5, pp.82-89. 6.Instruction on evaluation of state and maintenance of artificial structures on the railways of the Russian Federation / Department of track and structures of JSC Russian Railways [Instrukcija po ocenke sostojanija i soderzhanija iskusstvennyh sooruzhenij na zheleznyh dorogah Rossijskoj Federacii / Departament puti i sooruzhenij OAO «RZhD»].Moscow, 2006, 120 p. 7.Ryabinin, I. A. Reliability and safety of structurally complex systems [Nadezhnost’ i bezopasnost’ strukturno-slozhnyh system].St.Petersburg, Politehnika publ., 2000, 248 p. 8.Integrated Life-time Engineering of Buildings and Civil Infrastructures // 2nd International Symposim.2003, 640 p. 9.Barlow, R.E., Proschan, F. Mathematical Theory of Reliability.New York, Wiley, 1965, 258 p. 10.Walley, P. Statistical Reasoning with Imprecise Probabilities.London, Chapman and Hall, 1991, 706 p. 11.Linzhong, D. Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Bridge Reliability assessment, 2011, 188p.

Abstract The effect of ageing on the tensile behaviour, mode I fracture toughness and mixed mode I/III fracture toughness of 7010 aluminium alloy plate was investigated. It was found that the 0.2% proof stress in this alloy increased from the under-aged temper to the peak-aged (T6) temper and then subsequently decreased in the over-aged (T73) temper. On the other hand, the ductility exhibited a monotonic decrease from the under-aged temper to the over-aged temper. The Ludwigson equation was found to best describe the flow behaviour in all the three ageing tempers. Under mode I as well as mixed mode I/III loading, the highest fracture toughness was seen in the under-aged temper, whereas the fracture toughness values in the peak-aged and over-aged tempers were comparable.

В статье рассматривается значение слова «рыба», не только в современном турецком языке, но и в древних исторических текстах. Кроме того, раскрывается роль рыболовного хозяйства в жизни тюркских племен, а также образ рыбы в искусстве. В данном отношении слово «рыба», которая соответствует значениям города и животного объясняется в свете письменных источников. У каких тюркских племен рыболовная деятельность, основная экономика которых − животноводство, мало упоминается в письменных источниках. За этим, вероятно, стоит тот факт, что животноводство было выдвинуто на первый план с точки зрения экономики. Тем не менее, в некоторых письменных источниках упоминается несколько турецких племен, занимающихся рыболовством. В этом отношении, у каких тюркских племен существовало рыболовное хозяйство, устанавливается на основании арабских и персидских географических источников. Помимо конкретных значений слова рыба, не связанных с рыболовной деятельностью, смысловая нагрузка, приписываемая этому изображению в тюркской устной письменной традиции и искусстве, кратко истолковывается с помощью фольклора и археологических материалов. Изучение изменений, которые претерпела рыба в историческом процессе, важно с точки зрения выявления меняющихся филологических, религиозных и социальных факторов в турецком обществе, как внутренних, так и внешних. Библиографические ссылки Aitkali A. Arkeolojik ve Tarihi Açıdan Doğu Kazakistan’daki Türk Dönemi Anıtları (VI−XII yy). Akdeniz Üniversitesi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Tarih ABD. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, 2021. 292 s. Akdeniz D., Sırtlı A. Erken Dönem Mitolojisinde Afrodizyak Yiyeceklere Ait İnanışlar // Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies. 2020. 8 (4). S. 2745–2768. Artamanov M. İ. Hazar Tarihi. İstanbul: Selenge Yayınları, 2008. 670 s. Badakoğlu U. Antik Kaynaklar ve Güncel Çalışmalar Işığında Sarmatlar-İskitler. 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Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a eficácia de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência, isolados ou em misturas, no controle de Ipomoea grandifolia, I. hederifolia, I. purpurea, I. quamoclit, Merremia aegyptia e M. cissoides na cultura da cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi desenvolvido no período de novembro de 2007 a julho de 2008, em área de produção comercial de cana-de-açúcar localizada no município de Jaboticabal, SP. Foram avaliados seis tratamentos com herbicidas [trifloxysulfuron + ametryn (37 + 1.463,07 g ha-1), diuron + hexazinone (1.170 + 330 g ha-1), metribuzin (1.920 g ha-1), (trifloxysulfuron + ametryn, 27,75 + 1097,3 g ha-1) mais (diuron + hexazinone, 702 + 198 g ha-1), metribuzin (960 g ha-1) mais (trifloxysulfuron + ametryn, 27,75 + 1.097,3 g ha-1) e metribuzin (960 g ha-1) mais (diuron+ hexazinone, 702 + 198 g ha-1)] e duas testemunhas sem aplicação: uma mantida infestada e outra capinada. Apesar das injúrias visuais ocasionadas pelos herbicidas, isso não refletiu negativamente no número de colmos viáveis por metro e no diâmetro de colmos de cana. Contudo, as plantas tratadas com diuron + hexazinone apresentaram menor altura de colmos. O tratamento diuron + hexazinone, isolado ou em mistura com trifloxysulfuron + ametryn, foi eficaz no controle de todas as espécies de corda-de-viola. A aplicação isolada de trifloxysulfuron + ametryn controlou satisfatoriamente apenas I. hederifolia. O metribuzin foi eficaz no controle de I. grandifolia, I. quamoclit, M.aegyptia e M. cissoides. Além destas, a associação desse herbicida com diuron + hexazinone resultou em excelente controle de I. hederifolia. A mistura de metribuzin com trifloxysulfuron + ametryn foi eficaz para I. hederifolia, M. aegyptia e M. cissoides. Os novos fluxos de emergência de corda-de-viola constatados após a aplicação dos herbicidas ou eliminação manual das plantas nas parcelas (na testemunha capinada) não prejudicariam o corte mecanizado dos colmos de cana da próxima colheita.

Abstract This article treats a composition that was probably dedicated to Nergal, a god with a long cultic tradition in ancient Mesopotamia who was mainly related to war and death. The text was first edited by Böhl (1949; 1953: 207–216, 496–497), followed by Ebeling (1953: 116–117). Later, Seux (1976: 85–88) and Foster (2005: 708–709) translated and commented upon it. I will present a new reading of the invocation on the tablet’s upper edge, which confirms that the tablet originated in Uruk during the Hellenistic period. Furthermore, I will discuss the many Neo-Babylonian and Late Babylonian grammatical elements of this composition. The high frequency of these elements, typical of the vernacular language, is unusual for a literary text and suggests that not only the tablet, but also the composition of the text stems from the first millennium BCE, and perhaps, just like the tablet, from Hellenistic Uruk. The purpose of this contribution is, therefore, to show through an analysis of this text, that the conservative and poetic literary language was reworked and adapted to the cultural situation of the late period in Mesopotamian literary production.

RESUMENDe entre todos los objetos, tiempos, espacios, palabras y seres que componen el mundo físico, algunos están investidos de un valor especial por cuanto se les atribuye la virtud de visibilizar las instancias invisibles de las que dependemos los mortales. Es lo sagrado. A lo sagrado se le depara un trato singular hecho de respeto, veneración o miedo, pero en ocasiones también de rencor y de odio por lo que encarna o representa. Es adorado, pero también, y acaso por las mismas razones, puede ser insultado, destruido, objeto de burla y, si tiene forma humana, martirizado o asesinado. La violencia contra lo sagrado puede caber en sistemas religiosos que le otorgan a la agresión un papel central en su universo mítico o ritual. También se ofende u agrede lo santo para grupos o pueblos a someter, puesto que en ello está resumido su orden del mundo. Desde esta perspectiva, el agravio, la irreverencia y el daño pasan a reclamar un lugar protagonista en los estudios sobre la institución religiosa de la cultura bajo las figuras del sacrilegio y la profanación.PALABRAS CLAVE: sagrado, profanación, sacrilegio, violencia religiosa, iconoclastia.ABSTRACTOf all the objects, times, spaces, words and beings that make up the physical world, some are invested with a special value because they are attributed the virtue of making visible the invisible instances on which we mortals depend. This is the sacred. The sacred is given a singular treatment combining respect, veneration or fear, but sometimes also resentment and hatred of what it embodies or represents. It is adored, but also, and perhaps for the same reasons, it can be insulted,destroyed, mocked and, if it has a human form, martyred or killed. Violence against the sacred can fit into religious systems that give aggression a central role in their mythical or ritual universe. 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e12017 Background: Adjuvant docetaxel-based chemotherapy is frequently used for operable breast cancer. This study investigated the patterns of use of docetaxel (T) in real-life clinical practice in China. Methods: This retrospective pooled analysis included female Chinese adults (≥18 years) with operable breast cancer treated with docetaxel-based adjuvant chemotherapy enrolled in the Asia-Pacific Breast Initiatives (APBI) I (2006-2008) and II (2009-2011) registries, and two Chinese observational studies; BC STATE (2011-2014) and BC Local Registry (2007-2010). Patients with metastatic disease were excluded. The primary endpoint was assessment of treatment patterns and patient profiles. Patient profiles for treatment regimen selection were investigated using regression analysis. Results: Data from 3020 patients were included. The most commonly used regimen was docetaxel/anthracycline combination (n=1421 [47.1%]; of whom 52.0% received T/epirubicin (E)/cyclophosphamide (C)), followed by docetaxel/other (n=705 [23.3%]; of whom 72.8% received TC), docetaxel/anthracycline sequential (n=447 [14.8%]; of whom 40.9% and 39.6% received 5-Fu/EC-T and EC-T), and ‘Other’ (n=447 [14.8%]; of whom 91.5% received T). Multivariate regression analysis revealed a significant association between selection of docetaxel/anthracycline combination and patient weight, menopausal status, and estrogen receptor and HER-2 status (Table). Conclusions: Data from real clinical practice show docetaxel/anthracycline combination is the most commonly used docetaxel-based adjuvant therapy for operable breast cancer in China; of which TEC is the most popular specific regimen. Several patient profile factors were significantly associated with the selection of docetaxel/anthracycline combination. [Table: see text]

Practitioners in many domains–e.g., clinical psychologists, college instructors, researchers–collect written responses from clients. A well-developed method that has been applied to texts from sources like these is the computer application Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). LIWC uses the words in texts as cues to a person’s thought processes, emotional states, intentions, and motivations. In the present study, we adopt analytic principles from LIWC and develop and test an alternative method of text analysis using naïve Bayes methods. We further show how output from the naïve Bayes analysis can be used for mark up of student work in order to provide immediate, constructive feedback to students and instructors. References Blei, D. M., Ng, A. Y., & Jordan, M. I. (2003). Latent Dirichlet Allocation. Journal of Machine Learning Research 3, 993-1022. Boot, P., Zijlstra, H., & Geenen, R. (2017). The Dutch translation of the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) 2007 dictionary. Dutch Journal of Applied Linguistics, 6(1), 65-76. Chung, C. K., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2008). Revealing dimensions of thinking in open-ended self-descriptions: An automated meaning extraction method for natural language. Journal of research in personality, 42(1), 96-132. Hsieh, H-F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005).Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative health research, 15(9), 277-1288. Kintsch, W. (1998). Comprehension: A paradigm for cognition. New York: Cambridge University Press. Landauer, T. K., Foltz, P. W., & Laham, D. (1998). An introduction to latent semantic ana­lysis. Discourse processes, 25(2-3), 259-284. Lund, K., & Burgess, C. (1996). Producing high-dimensional semantic spaces from lexical co-occurrence. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 28(2), 203-208. Massó, G., Lambert, P., Penagos, C. R., & Saurí, R. (2013, December). Generating New LIWC Dictionaries by Triangulation. In Asia Information Retrieval Symposium (pp. 263-271). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Newman, M., Groom, C.J., Handelman, L.D., & Pennebaker, J.W. (2008). Gender differences in language use: An analysis of 14,000 text samples. Discourse Processes, 45(3), 211-236. Pennebaker, J.W., Boyd, R.L., Jordan, K., & Blackburn, K. (2015). The development and psychometric properties of LIWC 2015. Austin, TX: University of Texas at Austin. Tausczik, Y. R., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2010). The psychological meaning of words: LIWC and computerized text analysis methods. Journal of language and social psychology, 29(1), 24-54. Van Wissen, L., & Boot, P. (2017, September). An Electronic Translation of the LIWC Dictionary into Dutch. In: Electronic lexicography in the 21st century: Proceedings of eLex 2017 Conference. (pp. 703-715). Lexical Computing.