Thematische Bibliographien / 2'OME

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „2'OME“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "2'OME"

Kirschbaum, Kristin, Uta Bönnighausen, Ewald Gesing, Klaus Greiwe, Ulrich Kuhlmann, Henry Strasdeit, Bernt Krebs und Gerald Henkel. „Eisen- und Cobaltkomplexe mit Schwefelliganden: Darstellung und Kristallstrukturen von [Me4N][FeCl{S2P(OMe)2}2], [Me4N][CoCl{S2P(OMe)2}2], [Et4N][FeCl{S2P(p-C6H4Me)2}2], [Et4N]2[FeCl{ S2PS(OMe) } 2] und [Fe { S2P(OMe)2 }3] / Iron and Cobalt Complexes with Sulfur-Containing Ligands: Preparation and Crystal Structures of [Me4N][FeCl{S2P(OMe)2}2],[Me4N][CoCl{S2P(OMe)2}2], [Et4N][FeCl{S2P(p-C6H4Me)2}2], [Et4N]2[FeCl{S2PS(OMe)}2] and [Fe{S2P(OMe)2}3]“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 45, Nr. 2 (01.02.1990): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1990-0219.

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The reaction systems MCl2/K{S2P(OMe)2} (M = Fe(II), Co(II)), FeCl2/Na{S2S2P(p-C6H4Me)2}, and FeCl3/K2{S2PS(OMe)} in methanol afford the mononuclear complexes [FeCl{S2P(OMe)2}2]-, [CoCl{S2P(OMe)2}2]-, [FeCl{S2P(p-C6H4Me)2}2]-, and [FeCl{S2PS(OMe)}2]2-, which were isolated as salts [Me4N][FeCl{S2P(OMe)2}2] (1), [Me4N][CoCl{S2P(OMe)2}2] (2), [Et4N][FeCl{S2P(p-C6H4Me)2}2] (3) and [Et4N]2[FeCl{S2PS(OMe)}2] (4), respectively. Crystals of [Me4N][MCl{S2P(OMe)2}2] are triclinic, space group P 1 (Z = 2): Fe(II), a = 7.165(3), b = 8.628(3), c = 16.526(6)Å, α = 83.98(3), β = 85.32(3), γ = 89.80(3)°; Co(II), a = 7.164(2), b = 8.612(2), c = 16.504(4)Å, α = 84.59(2), β = 84.63(2), γ = 89.41(2)°. The structures of 1 and 2 were refined to R (Rw) = 0.034 (0.043) and 0.028 (0.032), respectively. Compound 3 is monoclinic, space group C2/c, Z = 4 with a = 23.831(5), b = 10.536(3), c = 17.133(4)Å, β = 114.43(3)°. Its structure was refined to R (Rw) = 0.046 (0.052). 4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pccn with a = 13.310(2), b = 12.982(2), c = 18.968(3) Å, and Z = 4. The refinement converged to R (Rw) = 0.042 (0.039). The anions of the compounds 1—4 contain five-coordinated metal centers which reside in distorted trigonal-bipyramidal (1, 2, and 3) or square pyramidal (4) S4Cl-environments. The neutral complex [Fe{S2P(OMe)2}3] (5) with six-coordinated metal sites was isolated from the reaction system FeCl3/K{S2P(OMe)2} in CH2Cl2. 5 is monoclinic, space group C 2/c (Z = 4) with a = 14.211(2), b = 11.115(2), c = 12.823(2) Å, β = 97.23(1)°. The refinement converged to R (Rw) = 0.022 (0.031). The anions of 1, 2, and 3 represent the first examples of structurally defined mononuclear Fe(II) and Co(II) complexes containing 1,1-dithiolate groups and halide ions simultaneously.

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Bao, Q. B., S. J. Geib, A. L. Rheingold und T. B. Brill. „Crystal structures and 1JPt-P correlations for trialkyl phosphite-platinum(II) complexes: [Pt[P(OMe)3]4](PF6)2, [Pt[P(OMe)3]3[P(O)(OMe)2]]PF6, cis-Pt[P(OMe)3]2[P(O)(OMe)2]2, [ClPt[P(OMe)3]3]PF6, and cis-Cl2Pt[P(OMe)3]2“. Inorganic Chemistry 26, Nr. 21 (Oktober 1987): 3453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00268a009.

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Pruchnik, Florian P., Radoslaw Starosta, Zbigniew Ciunik, Adam Opolski, Joanna Wietrzyk, Elzbieta Wojdat und Danuta Dus. „Tetraacetatodirhodium(II) complexes with tris(methoxyphenyl)phosphines, their reactivity, structure, and antitumor activity“. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 79, Nr. 5-6 (01.05.2001): 868–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v01-080.

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Reactions of [Rh2(µ-OAc)4(H2O)2] ([1·(H2O)2]) with tris(3-methoxyphenyl)phosphine at 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios yield, first, the appropriate adducts: [1·(H2O){P(C6H4-3-OMe)3}] and [1·{P(C6H4-3-OMe)3}2], and then [Rh2(µ-OAc)3{µ-(C6H3-3-OMe)P(C6H4-3-OMe)2}(HOAc)2] ([2·(HOAc)2]), and [Rh2(µ-OAc)2{µ-(C6H3-3-OMe)P(C6H4-3-OMe)2}2(HOAc)2] ([3·(HOAc)2]) complexes, respectively. They have been characterized by spectroscopic methods. The molecular structure of [3·(HOAc)(H2O)] has been determined crystallographically. The complexes [3·(HOAc)2], [Rh2(µ-OAc)3{µ-(C6H3-4-OMe)P(C6H4-4-OMe)2}(HOAc)2] ([4·(HOAc)2]), and [Rh2(µ-OAc)2{µ-(C6H3-4-OMe)P(C6H4-4-OMe)2}2(HOAc)2] ([5·(HOAc)2]) reversibly react with CO giving mono- and biadducts. Antitumor activity of binuclear rhodium(II) compounds [3·(HOAc)2], [Rh2(µ-OAc)3{µ-(C6H3-2-O)P(C6H3-2-OMe)2}(HOAc)] ([6·(HOAc)]), and [Rh2(µ-OAc)3{µ-(C6H3-6-OMe-2-O)P[(C6H3-2,6-(OMe)2]2}(HOAc)] ([7·(HOAc)]) have been investigated in vitro. The most active agent for investigated tumor lines is complex [6·(HOAc)]. It shows higher activity than cisplatin (cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2]). Antitumor activity decreases in the series: [6·(HOAc)] > [7·(HOAc)] > [3·(HOAc)2]. Activity of all investigated rhodium(II) complexes is higher than that of [1·(H2O)2].Key words: dirhodium(II) complexes, functionalized phosphines, aryl phosphines, ferrocenylmethylphosphines, adducts with CO, antitumor activity, orthometallation reactions.

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Thiele, DL, und PE Lipsky. „Spectrum of toxicities of amino acid methyl esters for myeloid cells is determined by distinct metabolic pathways“. Blood 79, Nr. 4 (15.02.1992): 964–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.4.964.964.

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Abstract L-leucine methyl ester (Leu-OMe), Leu-Leu-OMe, Phe-OMe, and Glu-(OMe)2 are toxic to mononuclear phagocytes (M phi) and neutrophils. In the present studies, the mechanism of this toxicity was examined. A concentration of NH4Cl known to neutralize lysosomal pH and to block conversion of Leu-OMe to the dipeptide condensation product Leu-Leu-OMe inhibited Leu-OMe- or Glu-(OMe)2- but not Leu-Leu-OMe-mediated M phi toxicity. Leu-OMe-, Glu-(OMe)2-, or Leu-Leu-OMe-mediated killing of M phi was prevented by Gly-Phe-CHN2, a specific inhibitor of the thiol protease, dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI). Neither NH4Cl nor Gly-Phe-CHN2 prevented Phe-OMe-mediated M phi toxicity. In contrast, inhibition of M phi serine esterase activity prevented Phe-OMe- but not Leu-OMe- or Glu- (OMe)2-mediated killing of M phi. The myeloid tumor lines U937, HL60, and THP-1 were found to be uniformly enriched in DPPI and susceptible to Leu-Leu-OMe but not Leu-OMe toxicity. Whereas HL60 were resistant to Phe-OMe, THP-1 cells were killed by this agent. Incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with Leu-OMe resulted in loss of natural killer (NK) functions and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) precursors, a process that requires the DPPI-dependent generation of membranolytic polymerization products. Phe-OMe had no toxic effects on NK cells or CTL precursors. These results indicate that Leu-OMe and Glu- (OMe)2 toxicity for M phi is related to the production of higher molecular weight hydrophobic polymerization products via the sequential action of two nonserine esterase lysosomal enzymes. In contrast, Phe- OMe toxicity for myeloid cells was found to correlate with serine esterase-mediated intracellular trapping of high concentrations of the free amino acid Phe. These distinct enzymatic mechanisms may provide a unique means of targeting agents capable of selectively deleting cells of myeloid lineage.

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L-leucine methyl ester (Leu-OMe), Leu-Leu-OMe, Phe-OMe, and Glu-(OMe)2 are toxic to mononuclear phagocytes (M phi) and neutrophils. In the present studies, the mechanism of this toxicity was examined. A concentration of NH4Cl known to neutralize lysosomal pH and to block conversion of Leu-OMe to the dipeptide condensation product Leu-Leu-OMe inhibited Leu-OMe- or Glu-(OMe)2- but not Leu-Leu-OMe-mediated M phi toxicity. Leu-OMe-, Glu-(OMe)2-, or Leu-Leu-OMe-mediated killing of M phi was prevented by Gly-Phe-CHN2, a specific inhibitor of the thiol protease, dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI). Neither NH4Cl nor Gly-Phe-CHN2 prevented Phe-OMe-mediated M phi toxicity. In contrast, inhibition of M phi serine esterase activity prevented Phe-OMe- but not Leu-OMe- or Glu- (OMe)2-mediated killing of M phi. The myeloid tumor lines U937, HL60, and THP-1 were found to be uniformly enriched in DPPI and susceptible to Leu-Leu-OMe but not Leu-OMe toxicity. Whereas HL60 were resistant to Phe-OMe, THP-1 cells were killed by this agent. Incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with Leu-OMe resulted in loss of natural killer (NK) functions and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) precursors, a process that requires the DPPI-dependent generation of membranolytic polymerization products. Phe-OMe had no toxic effects on NK cells or CTL precursors. These results indicate that Leu-OMe and Glu- (OMe)2 toxicity for M phi is related to the production of higher molecular weight hydrophobic polymerization products via the sequential action of two nonserine esterase lysosomal enzymes. In contrast, Phe- OMe toxicity for myeloid cells was found to correlate with serine esterase-mediated intracellular trapping of high concentrations of the free amino acid Phe. These distinct enzymatic mechanisms may provide a unique means of targeting agents capable of selectively deleting cells of myeloid lineage.

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Jeong, Ju-Mi, Cheol-Hee Choi, Su-Kyeong Kang, In-Hwa Lee, Ji-Yoon Lee und Hyuk Jung. „Antioxidant and Chemosensitizing Effects of Flavonoids with Hydroxy and/or Methoxy Groups and Structure-Activity Relationship“. Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, Nr. 4 (26.10.2007): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3kw2z.

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Purpose. Flavonoids have been used as antioxidant, chemopreventive and chemosensitizing agents. In this study, eleven flavonoids containing a variety of hydroxy (OH) and/or methoxy (OMe) groups were evaluated for their antioxidant, cytotoxic and chemosensitizing effects to create a structure-activity relationship (SAR). Methods. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical solution-based chemical assay and and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) cellular-based assay were used to compare the free radical scavenging activity on the same molar concentration basis using the AML-2/DX100 cells which are characterized by the down-regulated expression of catalase and resulting supersensitiviy to hydrogen peroxide. The chemosensitization and cytotoxicity were determined by the MTT assay in the presence or absence of an anticancer drug using the P-glycoprotein-overexpressing AML-2 subline AML-2/D100 cells. Results. The antioxidant activity of the flavonoid (3,5,7,3’,4’-OH) was higher than that of the flavonoid (5,7,3’,4’-OH). Flavonoids substituted with the various number of OMe decreased antioxidant activity. Flavonoids with 7-OH or 5,7-OH groups have the highest cytotoxicity, and flavonoids with 5,7-OMe group intermediate cytotoxicity. The IC50 values of flavonoid (5,7-OMe, 3’,4’,5’-OMe) and flavonoid (5,7-OMe, 4’-OMe), 0.4 M and 1.4 M. The IC50 values of flavonoid (5,6,7-OMe, 3’,4’-OMe) and flavonoid (5,6,7-OMe, 3’,4’,5’-OMe), 3.2 uM and 0.9 M, respectively, and those of flavonoid (5,6,7-OMe, 3’,4’,5’-OMe) and flavonoid (5,7-OMe,3’,4’,5’-OMe) were 0.9 M and 0.4 M, respectively. Conclusions. These results suggest that flavonoids with 3-OH group play a positive role in antioxidant activities, flavonoids with 5-OH and/or 7-OH groups show the higher cytotoxicity, and flavonoids with 3’-OMe and/or 5’-OMe groups plays positive but 6-OMe groups negative roles in the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) inhibition. It is believed that these SAR results can be taken into account for the development of flavonoids with high therapeutic index.

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Silva Filho, Clelio Mendes da, Carolina Rocha Souza, Estela dos Santos Christo, Laura Pires Ligeiro, Raphael Costa Silva, Sarah Michalsky Martins, Felipe Alves de Oliveira, Noelle Satiro de Araújo, Riquelme Romero Leal Portela und Ana Silvia Menezes Bastos. „O manejo clínico da otite média aguda em crianças: uma revisão bibliográfica“. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde 15, Nr. 8 (17.08.2022): e10752. http://dx.doi.org/10.25248/reas.e10752.2022.

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Objetivo: Analisar através de uma revisão narrativa sobre as condutas clínicas da Otite Média Aguda (OMA) nas crianças. Revisão bibliográfica: A infância é caracterizada por Otite Média (OM), que é definida por infecção da orelha média que acomete principalmente a fase pré-escolar. Essa patologia se sub categoriza em: OMA, Otite Média aguda recorrente, Otite Média com efusão e Otite Média Crônica (OMC). A sintomatologia da OMA é marcada por febre, irritabilidade, otorreia, anorexia e vômitos. Anatomicamente, a criança apresenta a tuba auditiva mais horizontalizado que nos adultos, o que corrobora para o desenvolvimento da OMA. A doença costuma ser precedida por infecção viral do trato respiratório superior e provoca edema da tuba auditiva. A complicação mais comum da OMA é a mastoidite aguda que favorece o acúmulo de secreção purulenta e a colonização bacteriana, que obtém melhora com antibiótico. Considerações finais: A otite média é uma doença que atinge crianças de 2-6 anos juntamente com a sintomatologia característica. O diagnóstico se assemelha entre OME e OMC que dificulta um desfecho. A resolução pode ser espontânea em sua maioria com uso de sintomáticos. O antibiótico é reservado para a prevenção de possíveis complicações.

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Mehmood, Andleeb, Xiaowei Xu, Xiaohui Kang und Yi Luo. „Origin of different chain-end microstructures in ethylene/vinyl halide copolymerization catalysed by phosphine–sulfonate palladium complexes“. New Journal of Chemistry 44, Nr. 39 (2020): 16941–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj03350b.

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Ethylene and vinyl halide (VX, X = F or Cl) copolymerization mechanism in the presence of catalysts A ((PO^OMe,OMe)PdMe, PO^OMe,OMe = {2(2-MeOC₆H₄)(2-SO₃-5-MeC₆H₃)P}) and A′ ((PO^Bp,OMe)PdMe, PO^Bp,OMe = {(2-MeOC₆H₄)(2-{2,6-(MeO)₂C₆H₃}C₆H₄)(2-SO₃-5-MeC₆H₃)P}) has been comparatively studied via density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

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Mattes, Rainer, Heinz Scholand, Ulrich Mikloweit und Volker Schrenk. „Reaktion von DioxomoIybdän(VI)-Komplexen mit O-Methyl-thiocarbazat Darstellung und Charakterisierung von Schiffbase-, Hydrazido- und Diazenido-Komplexen des Molybdäns / Reaction of Dioxomolybdenum(VI) Complexes with O-Methylthiocarbazate Synthesis and Characterization of Schiffbase, Hydrazido and Diazenido Complexes of Molybdenum“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 42, Nr. 5 (01.05.1987): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1987-0513.

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transThe reaction of NH2NHC(S)OR, (R = Me, Et) with MoO2(acac)2 yields the dimeric complexes MO2O3(MeC(O)CHC(Me)NNC(S)0R)2 (1) with the planar O = Mo - O - Mo = O group. The tetradentate O,N,S-donor ligand is formed through condensation of acetylacetone with the organohydrazine. The reactions of NH2NHC(S)OMe with MoO2(S2CNEt2)2 and MoO2(ONEt2)2 give the diazenido hydrazido complexes Mo(NNC(S)OMe)(NH2NC(S)OMe)(S2CNEt2)2·CH2Cl2(2) and Mo(NNC(S)OMe)(NH2NC(S)OMe)2(ONEt2) (4). The metal atoms in both compounds are seven coordinated and contain the approximately linear diazenido ligand NNC(S)OMe and one (2) or two (4) N,S-chelating hydrazido(1-) ligands NH2NC(S)OMe. 2 has crystallographically imposed mirror symmetry. Recrystallization of 2 from toluene in air gives the asymmetric dinuclear complex (Et2NCS2)(O)Mo(μ-NNC(S)OMe)2Mo(S2CNMe2) (3). The Mo-Mo distance is 267.0(2) pm. One Mo site has square pyramidal MoOS2N2 geometry, the other trigonal prismatic MoN2S4 geometry. The coordination of the bridging N atoms is slightly pyramidal. The compounds 1, 2 and 3 have been further characterized by vibrational spectroscopy.

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Chen, Zhao, Chet Jablonski und John Bridson. „Evidence for an intramolecular transition metal Arbuzov reaction“. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74, Nr. 11 (01.11.1996): 2083–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v96-237.

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Reaction of [CpCo(C3F7)(I)(L)], (L = PPh2Me (1a), PPhMe2 (1b), PMe3 (1c), and PPh(OMe)2 (2)), with PPh(OMe)2 affords diastereomeric Co-and P-chiral metallophosphinates CpCo(C3F7)(L)(P(O)Ph(OMe)), 4a,b,c and 6, respectively. The solid state structure and relative configuration of the lower Rf diastereomeric phosphinate CpCo(C3F7)(PPh(OMe)2)(P(O)Ph(OMe)), 6-2, was determined by X-ray diffraction. RR;SS-6-2 crystallizes in the triclinia system with space group [Formula: see text](no. 2), with a = 12.928(4) Å, b = 14.683(4) Å, c = 7.666(2) Å, a = 103.50(2)°, β = 101.31(3)°, γ = 109.50(2)°, V = 1272.8(7) Å3, Z = 2, and R = 0.036 (Rw = 0.030) for 2867 reflections with I > 3.00σ(I). CpCo(C3F7)(I)(PPh(OMe)2), 2, reacts with PPh2Me to yield the same Co-and P-chiral phosphinate products as obtained for the reaction of 1a with PPh(OMe)2, albeit with different optical yields. The product stereochemistry is not accounted for by the established mechanism for transition metal Arbuzov-like dealkylations, which requires formation of a common, ionic intermediate [CpCo(C3F7)(PPh2Me)(PPh(OMe)2)]+, 3, via iodide substitution and subsequent nucleophilic attack at carbon. A parallel intramolecular dealkylation pathway is proposed to account for the results. Key words: stereochemistry, mechanism, Arbuzov, Co(III) complex, chiral metal. X-ray

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Dissertationen zum Thema "2'OME"

Morin, Chloé. „Hétérogénéité de composition du ribosome au cours de la transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LYO10211.

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Le ribosome est la machinerie cellulaire réalisant l’une des dernières étapes de l’expression génique : la traduction. Composé de 4 ARNs ribosomiques (ARNr) et 80 protéines ribosomiques chez l’Homme répartis en 2 sous-unités, le ribosome a pendant longtemps été vu comme un complexe ribonucléoprotéique homogène et invariable du fait de l’importance de sa composition dans sa structuration et donc sa fonction. Or, dès sa découverte dans les années 1950, plusieurs études suggéraient déjà une hétérogénéité de composition du ribosome. Il faudra néanmoins attendre les années 2000 pour que le dogme du ribosome invariant soit remis en cause par une vision plus hétérogène de sa composition. A l’heure actuelle, une hétérogénéité de composition du ribosome a été observée au niveau des ARNr et des protéines ribosomiques dans différents contextes physio-pathologiques, grâce à des techniques expérimentales ou omiques. Cependant, l’impact fonctionnel de ces modifications de composition du ribosome n’a pas toujours été caractérisé. Quelques rares études ont néanmoins permis de lier hétérogénéité de composition du ribosome et traduction préférentielle de certains ARN messagers. D’un point de vue phénotypique, il est clair que des anomalies des protéines ribosomiques, en particulier mutation et expression substœchiométrie, impactent le comportement cellulaire, aboutissant à des défauts développementaux par exemple. Le lien entre hétérogénéité de composition du ribosome et phénotype est moins démontré dans le cas des modifications chimiques des ARNr malgré une forte association entre 2’-O-ribose méthylation et cancer. Cependant, ces études ont été purement comparatives de deux états cellulaires distincts (e.g., cancer vs sains) et n’ont pas permis d’évaluer l’importance de la composition du ribosome dans la dynamique cellulaire et/ou phénotypique. La transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse (EMT) est à ce jour l’un des processus cellulaires dynamiques et réversibles les mieux caractérisés. L’EMT permet aux cellules épithéliales de se transdifférencier en cellules mésenchymateuses, afin, entre autres, de se mouvoir dans l’organisme. Ce processus physiologique est essentiel au cours de l’embryogenèse, la cicatrisation, mais également la progression métastatique. Décrite depuis les années 1970, l’EMT est très bien caractérisée des points de vue épigénétique et transcriptomique. Cependant, bien que certaines études soulèvent le rôle de la machinerie traductionnelle au cours de l’EMT, aucune étude n’a permis de caractériser l’apport relatif de la régulation traductionnelle par rapport à la régulation transcriptionnelle, ni même les modulations de la composition du ribosome. Or, dans la mesure où plusieurs consortiums déplorent actuellement le manque de nouvelles approches permettant de mieux caractériser et comprendre les mécanismes moléculaires, cellulaires et phénotypiques de l’EMT, l’étude de la traduction et du ribosome pourrait permettre d’apporter ce nouveau regard. Les travaux réalisés au cours de mon doctorat démontrent tout d’abord l’existence d’une hétérogénéité de composition du ribosome au cours de l’EMT au niveau des ARNr et protéines ribosomiques, à la fois entre les états stables mais également au cours de la dynamique de l’EMT. L’hétérogénéité de composition du ribosome observée dans des échantillons de cancers du sein et des lignées cellulaires permet de différencier des cellules aux caractéristiques mésenchymateuses versus épithéliales. D’un point de vue moléculaire, nos données permettent également de définir que la régulation traductionnelle est au moins aussi importante que la régulation transcriptionnelle, quantitativement, au cours de l’EMT. Enfin, nos résultats montrent que la modification de composition du ribosome au niveau d’une seule protéine ribosomique permet l’initiation de l’EMT in vitro. L’ensemble de ces travaux soutiennent le fait que la plasticité de composition du ribosome contribue au changement d’identité cellulaire
The ribosome is the cellular machinery responsible for the last step of gene expression: translation. The human ribosome contains 4 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and 80 ribosomal proteins which are separated in 2 subunits. This structure has been shown for a long time as a homogeneous and invariable ribonucleoproteic complex as its activity relies on its composition. However, since its discovery in the 1950’s, several studies already suggested a heterogeneity in ribosome composition. Despite these observations, the dogma of a homogenous ribosome has been questioned only in the 2000’s. Today, ribosome heterogeneity is observed at rRNA and ribosomal protein levels in various physio-pathological contexts, either through wet lab or omics experiments. Nonetheless, the functional impact of these ribosome composition modifications is not always characterized. Some rare studies demonstrated link between heterogeneous ribosome and preferential translation of some messenger RNAs. In a phenotypic point of view, it is clear that alterations in ribosomal protein composition, in particular gene mutations or substoechiometric expression, impact cellular behavior, leading to developmental defects for example. The link between heterogeneity in ribosome composition and phenotype is less described for rRNA modifications. However, a strong association between 2’-O-ribose methylation and cancer is documented. As these studies has been performed in a comparative point of view, they did not evaluate the importance of ribosome composition in cellular dynamic and/or phenotype. To date, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the best characterized reversible and dynamic cellular process. EMT allows epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into mesenchymal cell to acquire new capacities such as motility. This physiological process is essential during embryogenesis and wound-healing, as well as metastatic progression. Described since the 1970’s, EMT is well characterized at both epigenetic and transcriptomic levels. However, while several studies suggest a role for translational machinery during EMT, no study neither characterized the relative contribution of translational regulation compared to transcriptional one, nor the ribosome composition modulations. Therefore, while several consortiums ask for new scientific approaches to decipher molecular, cellular and phenotypic events of EMT, the characterization of translation and ribosome may offer a new point of view for EMT characterization. The studies performed during my PhD first demonstrate a heterogeneity in ribosome composition during EMT, at both rRNA and ribosomal protein levels, in both EMT stable states and dynamic EMT contexts. Ribosome heterogeneity is also observed in breast cancer samples and cell lines, and allow to distinguish cells showing mesenchymal traits from cells showing epithelial ones. In a molecular point of view, our results show that translational regulation is as quantitatively important as transcriptional regulation during EMT. Last but not least, our data demonstrate that the modification of the substoechiometry of only one ribosomal protein induces EMT in vitro. Altogether, our results sustain that ribosome composition plasticity contribute in cellular identity changes

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Buchmann, Silke. „Elektrochemische Untersuchungen an Ir-Tripod-Komplexen (Tripod = cis,cis-1,3,5-(PPh 2 ) 3- 1,3,5-X 3 C 6 H 6:X = CN, COOMe, CH 2 OMe)ronische Ressource /“. [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10236370.

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Poor, Kalhor Mahboubeh. „Étude DFT du mécanisme de formation du dimethyl carbonate à partir de CO2 et de CH3OH à l'aide de Me2Sn(OMe)2“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10325.

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Le dioxyde de carbone occupe une place particulière dans l'amplification anthropogénique de l'effet de serre. En particulier, son utilisation dans la synthèse de carbonates organiques à partir d'alcools constituerait une alternative à l'emploi actuel du phosgène ou du monoxyde de carbone. L'insertion de CO2 dans Sn-OCH3 liaison de dialkyldimethoxystannanes est reconnue comme la première étape pour la formation du carbonate de diméthyle (DMC) à partir du méthanol et CO2. L'identification des étapes ultérieures est cruciale pour améliorer l'activité et est encore l’objet de débats car les espèces étain ont la propension à l’oligomérisation. Nous avons utilisé des calculs basés sur la Théorie de la Fonctionnelle de la Densité pour donner un aperçu sur le mécanisme de réaction. L'insertion de CO2 est promue par l’interaction acide-base concertée de Lewis de CO2 avec l'étain et l'atome d'oxygène du ligand méthoxy. Le chemin principal de la réaction pour la formation de DMC est proposé selon un réarrangement intramoléculaire des espèces monomériques, Me2Sn[OC(O)OCH3]2. Le processus conduit à un transfert d'un groupe méthyle d'un carbonate de méthyle à l'autre via un anneau de 4 atomes ou 6 atomes formant un fragment Sn-CO3. Dans une deuxième étape, le méthanol réagit avec un intermédiaire et conduit à la formation de DMC et un complexe de trimère qui peut permettre la régénération des réactifs. Mais un complexe décanucléaire d’étain peut être aussi produit par une réaction latérale. Enfin, un cycle catalytique pour produire le DMC a pu être élaboré. Les calculs DFT sont en accord avec les données expérimentales et permettent une analyse comparative des chemins de réaction
Carbon dioxide occupies a special place in the amplification of the anthropogenic greenhouse effect. In particular, its use in the synthesis of organic carbonates from alcohols, constitute an alternative to the current application of phosgene or carbon monoxide. The insertion of CO2 into the Sn-OCH3 bond of dialkyldimethoxystannanes is recognized as the first step to dimethyl carbonate (DMC) formation from methanol and carbon dioxide. The identification of the subsequent steps is crucial for activity improvements and is still under debate as the tin species have the propensity for oligomerization. We have used density functional theory calculations to provide insight into the reaction mechanism. The CO2 insertion into the Sn-OCH3 bond is promoted by the concerted Lewis acid-base interaction of CO2 with tin and the oxygen atom of the methoxy ligand. The major reaction pathway to DMC is proposed to occur via an intramolecular rearrangement of the monomeric species, Me2Sn[OC(O)OCH3]2. The process results in the transfer of a methyl group from one methyl carbonate to the other via a 4-membered or 6-membered ring forming the Sn-CO3 moiety. In a second stage, methanol reacts with one intermediate and leads to DMC formation and a trimer compound which may allow the regeneration of the reactant. Also a decanuclear tin complex is produced due to the lateral reaction. Finally a catalytic cycle for DMC production in methanol can be elaborated. DFT calculations are in agreement with the experimental data and allow a comparative analysis of reaction channels

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Vasconcellos, Cirlene Moreira. „Preparo de óxidos de manganês em presença de biomassa e avaliação catalítica em reações de oxidação de hidrocarbonetos e remoção catalítica de SOx“. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7601.

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Os riscos de poluição ao meio ambiente envolvendo petróleo envolvem, não só o seu transporte, como também seu refino. O prejuízo causado por um derramamento de petróleo vai além de danos à fauna e flora, pois envolvem também questões sociais. A emissão de óxidos de enxofre, denominadas SOx, durante o refino de petróleo através do craqueamento catalítico em leito fluidizado (FCC) também é uma das preocupações ambientais, já que esses óxidos estão relacionados com o a formação de chuva ácida e problemas respiratórios. Os hidrocarbonetos provenientes de um derramamento podem ser degradados em produtos menos agressivos ao meio ambiente, por oxidação química, por exemplo. Já as emissões de enxofre na unidade de FCC podem ser minimizadas por diversos processos, como por exemplo, o uso de aditivos nas unidades de FCC. Nesse trabalho óxidos de manganês dos tipos OMS-1 e OMS-2 foram sintetizados em presença e ausência de biomassa e óxidos OMS-2 foram dopados com os metais cobre, vanádio e ferro. Possíveis alterações em suas propriedades, suas atividades catalíticas em oxidação de hidrocarbonetos e em testes de captura de enxofre em condições de temperatura similares à unidade de FCC foram investigadas. Constatou-se uma diminuição na área superficial, tamanho e volume de poros nos óxidos sintetizados em presença de biomassa, através de uma análise de adsorção e dessorção de N2 (ASAP), porém seus difratogramas em uma análise de difração de raio X de pó (DRX) revelaram a obtenção de estruturas do criptomelano em todos os OMS-2. Os óxidos OMS-2 testados na oxidação do cicloexano, não sofreram modificações em sua estrutura após seu uso como catalisador, mas a presença da biomassa na síntese não aumentou sua atividade catalítica. Nos testes DeSOx, o óxido dopado com ferro apresentou o melhor desempenho e testes em ciclos mostraram ser possível sua reutilização
The risk of pollution to the environment involving oil involve not only the transport, as well as its refining. The damage caused by an oil spill goes beyond damage to fauna and flora, they also involve social issues. The emission of sulfur oxides, SOx called during the refining of oil through the fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) is also an environmental concern, since these oxides are related to the the formation of acid rain and respiratory problems. The hydrocarbons from a spill can be degraded into less harmful products for the environment by chemical oxidation, for example. Since sulfur emissions in the FCC unit can be minimized by various methods, for example, the use of additives in FCC units. In this work manganese oxides types of OMS-1 and OMS-2 are synthesized in the presence and absence of biomass and OMS-2 oxide was doped with the metals copper, vanadium and iron. Possible changes in their properties, their catalytic activities in the oxidation of hydrocarbons and sulfur capture in conditions similar to the FCC unit were investigated temperature tests. Found a decrease in the surface, size and volume of pores in the oxides synthesized in the presence of biomass area, through an analysis of N2 adsorption and desorption (ASAP), but their diffraction patterns on an analysis of X-ray diffraction powder (XRD) revealed the structures of obtaining criptomelano in all OMS-2. The OMS-2 oxides tested in the oxidation of cyclohexane, have not changed in its structure following its use as a catalyst, but the presence of biomass synthesis did not increase its catalytic activity. In Desox tests, the iron oxide doped showed the best performance and testing cycles proved possible reuse

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Holmgren, Linnéa, und Eliasson Eliasson. „Patientens upplevelser av informationen om Diabetes typ 2“. Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Avdelningen för sjuksköterskeutbildningarna och integrerad hälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-18030.

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Bakgrund: Diabetes typ 2 debuterar vanligen i vuxen ålder och många personer är omedvetna om att de haft sjukdomen under en längre tid när diagnostiseringen inträffar. Personen kan vid diagnostiseringstillfället uppleva en kris. Det är en krävande process att lära sig leva med en kronisk sjukdom och personen måste anamma en ny förståelse för kroppen. Detta medför att informationen om sjukdomen blir en nödvändig del för patienten. Sjuksköterskan måste här stötta patienten för att återta kontroll över situationen. För att sjuksköterskan ska kunna stödja patienter behövs kunskap om hur patienter upplever informationen. Syfte: Belysa hur patienter upplever informationen om diabetes typ 2.Metod: Litteraturstudie som bygger på tio vetenskapliga originalartiklar. Resultat: Två kategorier och fyra underkategorier framkom; Upplevelser av information vid diagnostiseringstillfället beskriver otydlig information skapar missnöje hos patienterna och att få personcentrerad vård har betydelse. Upplevelser av information genom sjukdomsförloppet beskriver grupputbildningar saknar den personcentrerade informationen och patienten söker sig till andra informationskällor för att uppnå förståelse. Diskussion: Genom subjektivitet och objektivitet, medvetenhet, empowerment och känslan av sammanhang diskuteras resultatet. Efter en patientens unika behov bör informationen anpassas så denne kan uppleva att informationen är hanterbar. Detta för en optimal och personcentrerad informationsöverföring mellan sjuksköterska och patient. Om fler fortlöpande utbildningar och diskussioner om informationshantering med tid för etisk reflektion ges till personal tror vi det kan påverka personalens förståelse och agerande för patientens hantering av information vid diabetes typ 2.

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Soo, Haw Yun. „Commercialization of cryptomelane-type manganese oxide (OMS-2) nanowire paper oil sorbent“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42158.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 36).
Cryptomelane-type Manganese oxide (OMS-2, a group of Octahedral Molecular Sieves) nanowire paper exhibits interesting properties: reversible wettability, oleophilic while being hydrophobic, and high thermal stability. These properties open up possible markets for commercialization. This thesis reviews the market potential of each of these properties and explores the competitiveness of the nanowire paper in the proposed markets. The proposed values of this technology are in its high selective absorbency towards oil, high performance over cost metric and its high thermal stability. Its thermal stability enables a thermal desorption type process to regenerate and recycle the sorbent for reuse. This translates into further differentiation and provides greater value for the users.
by Haw Yun Soo.
M.Eng.

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Ericson, Eva, und Annelie Nordin. „En litteraturstudie om att leva med diabetes typ 2“. Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Health Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-8936.

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Inledning: Diabetes är en stor folksjukdom, de som drabbas behöver stöd och kunskap. En individualiserad omvårdnad där patienten är delaktig i egenvården är kopplat till sjuksköterskans stöd samt omgivning. Hur egenvården fungerar beror på uppfattningen om sjukdomens uppkomst. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa patienters upplevelser av att leva med diabetes typ 2 samt betydelsen av stöd för att hantera sin egenvård. Metod: Litteraturstudien byggde på 19 vetenskapliga artiklar som genomgått en granskning, kvalitetsbedömning och analys. Huvudresultat: Resultatet innehåller två huvudkategorier, att leva med diabetes typ 2 och stöd för egenvård. Upplevelserna av att leva med diabetes typ 2 visar på vikten av att planera livet och acceptera sjukdomen. Vårdpersonalen bör visa empati och inse vikten av kontinuitet samt erbjuda tillräckligt med tid. Kunskapsbrister är hinder som gör det svårt att integrera egenvårdsbeteenden, stöd från sjuksköterskan och närstående samt utbildning är viktiga komponenter. Diskussion: Sjuksköterskor bör ha kunskap om allt som påverkar patientens hälsotillstånd. Vid varje möte med vården bör individen träffa samma sjuksköterska, det är viktigt att patienten är en aktiv deltagare och ser egenvårdreglerna som en tillämpning. Problembaserad inlärning är ett sätt att fördjupa kunskaperna.

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Sjöberg, Helena, und Alexandra Timner. „Inte bara ord : Klassrumskommunikation om subtraktion i årskurs 2“. Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-69598.

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Title: Not just words, classroom communication about subtraction in year 2 Language: Swedish with summary in English. Keywords: Communication, mathematics, subtraction, teaching The purpose of this study is to analyze the mathematical communication in a classroom during a lesson in the field subtraction, and to find out how students describe their perception of mathematics that is communicated in the classroom. The study consists of the observations through the videotaping of two lessons in primary school grades 2 and student and teacher interviews related to these lecture occasions. Research indicates that Swedish pupils' mathematical skill continuously deteriorates in a national and international perspective, and that student experiences of mathematics in general are negative. The literature emphasizes the importance of communicating mathematics in various forms to deepen and develop understanding of concepts and mathematical operations. Communication must be generated between teachers and students but also between student and student to have a beneficial impact for the student. Our result demonstrate the different types of communication in the classroom but that communication does not always have a clear mathematical content in spite of teachers' mathematical intentions with teaching. The result also indicates that the mathematical communication that takes place, in essence, is a one-way communication where the teacher has a great opportunity to speak. The teachers perceived as oblivious to their own ways of communicating, but stressed in the interviews with an understanding of the importance of communication learning. The majority of the interviewed students expressed that teachers' briefings are easy but in the filmed sequence the students show with body language and facial expressions to the contrary.

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Åkesson, Hanna, und Patricia Björklund. „Årskurs 2-elevers uppfattningar om utomhusundervisning i NO-undervisning“. Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29507.

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Vid vårt förra självständiga arbete (SAG), skrev vi om utomhuspedagogik i NO för F-3 elever. Vår uppfattning var att det behövs fler studier ur ett elevperspektiv och därför föll det sig naturligt att det var detta vi skulle ta oss an i examensarbetet. Syftet var att undersöka vilka uppfattningar elever i årskurs 2 har om utomhusundervisning kopplat till NO.Frågorna vi sökte svar på var;• Vilka inställningar har eleverna till utomhusundervisning i NO?• Vad har enligt eleverna behandlats i NO-undervisningen utomhus?• Vilka erfarenheter har eleverna av växelverkan inomhus och utomhus i NO?Studien är kvalitativ och bygger på 6 gruppintervjuer med sammanlagt 20 deltagande elever i årskurs 2. Analysen har ett fenomenologiskt perspektiv och utgår från elevernas uttalade inställningar, uppfattningar och erfarenheter till utomhusundervisning i de naturorienterande ämnena. Pragmatismen har valts som teoretiskt ramverk, eftersom utomhusundervisning kan härledas till ett pragmatiskt synsätt på lärande där teori och praktik vävs samman.Resultatet visar bland annat att elevernas inställning till utomhusundervisning främst är positiv. Vidare visar resultatet att eleverna upplever att utomhusundervisning bidrar till en verklighetsförankring i undervisningen, ökad rörelse och ökad kommunikation. Resultatet visar också att elevernas uppfattning om utomhusundervisning påverkas av väderlek. Uttalade aktiviteter och ämnesinnehåll som behandlats genom utomhusundervisning i de naturorienterande ämnena är bland annat växtarter, djurarter, kroppen och kroppens funktioner. Resultatet visar även att elevernas uttalade erfarenheter av NO-undervisning i växelverkan inomhus och utomhus är varierade.

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Öberg, Nathalieé. „Flera gånger om : ett multiplikationsspel testat i årskurs 2“. Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24066.

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Examensarbetet har haft till syfte att undersöka om ett undervisningsmaterial, i form av ett multiplikationsspel, kan ligga till grund för att elever i årskurs 2 får ett ökat intresse att lära sig automatisera multiplikationstabell 2-5, samt multiplikationstabell 10. Genomförandet har inneburit att eleverna i en årskurs tvåa har spelat multiplikationsspelet under en sju veckors period. Under denna sju veckors period har eleverna gjort tre multiplikationstest, samt en elevenkät, som har sammanställts tillsammans med en lärarenkät under resultadelen. Resultaten visar att majoriteten av eleverna har förbättrat sitt resultat på multiplikationstesten under denna sju veckors period. Eleverna anser att det har varit roligt att spela multiplikationsspelet och läraren ser värdet av att fortsätta använda multiplikationsspelet.

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Androvich, Mark. Blood Omen 2: Prima's official strategy guide. Roseville, CA: Prima Games, 2002.

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Golden, Christie. Star Wars: Omen: Fate of the Jedi #2. New York: Del Rey/Ballantine Books, 2009.

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Ayako, Miura. Kono yamai omo tamamono to shite: Ikasarete aru hibi 2. Tōkyō: Nihon Kirisuto Kyōdan Shuppankyoku, 1994.

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Molodin, Vi︠a︡cheslav Ivanovich. Pami︠a︡tnik Sopka-2 na reke Omi (kulʹturno-khronologicheskiĭ analiz pogrebalʹnykh kompleksov epokhi neolita i rannego metall. Novosibirsk: In-t arkheologii i etnografii SO RAN, 2001.

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P, Derevi︠a︡nko A., Hrsg. Pami︠a︡tnik Sopka-2 na reke Omi: Kulʹturno-khronologicheskiĭ analiz pogrebalʹnykh kompleksov ėpokhi neolita i rannego metalla. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo Instituta arkheologii i ėtnografii SO RAN, 2001.

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United States. Office of Management and Budget. Final OMB sequester report, fiscal year 1991: Communication from the Director, the Office of Management and Budget transmitting the final OMB sequester report to the President and Congress for fiscal year 1991, pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 901. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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United States. Office of Management and Budget. OMB final sequestration report for fiscal year 2000: Communication from the director, the Office of Management and Budget, transmitting the final OMB sequestration report to the President and Congress for fiscal year 2000, pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 901. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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United States. Office of Management and Budget. Revised final OMB sequester report for the fiscal year 1990: Communication from the Director, the Office of Management and Budget transmitting the final OMB sequester report to the President and Congress for fiscal year 1990, pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 901. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Budget, United States Office of Management and. Final sequester report, fiscal year 1990: Communication from the Director, the Office of Management and Budget, transmitting the final OMB sequester report to the President and Congress for fiscal year 1990, pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 901. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Magnetic properties of [Mn(cdo)(cdoH)2{BPh(OMe)}2]“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 1117. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_1036.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Effective magnetic moment of [{Cu2(OMe)2(tftbd)2}3]“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 4924. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_4496.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Molar magnetic moment of [Cu2(L5)(OMe)2(NCS)2]“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 4712. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_4310.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Effective magnetic moment of [{VO(OMe)(acac)}2]“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 288. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_261.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Magnetic properties of [Cp2*Fe]•+ [TCNQ(OMe)2]•−“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 2286–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_2030.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Effective magnetic moment of [V(OMe)2(salen)]“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 218. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_191.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Effective magnetic moment of [Os(oep)(OMe)2]“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 2787. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_2461.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Magnetic properties of Mn(3–OMe–sbh)2“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 1077. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_996.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Effective magnetic moment of [V(OMe)2(salphen)]“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 219. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_192.

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Pardasani, R. T., und P. Pardasani. „Magnetic properties of Mn(3–OMe–shbh)2“. In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 1093. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_1012.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "2'OME"

Marzenell, Paul D., Helen Hagen, Larisa Kovbasyuk und Andriy Mokhir. „Chemically modified phosphorothioate DNA and 2'-OMe RNA as antisense agents“. In XVth Symposium on Chemistry of Nucleic Acid Components. Prague: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/css201112391.

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Dinelli, Timoteo, Luna Pratali Maffei, Alessandro Pegurri, Amedeo Puri, Alessandro Stagni und Tiziano Faravelli. „Automated Kinetic Mechanism Evaluation for e-Fuels Using SciExpeM: The Case of Oxymethylene Ethers“. In 16th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-24-0092.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the rapidly changing scenario of the energy transition, data-driven tools for kinetic mechanism development and testing can greatly support the evaluation of the combustion properties of new potential e-fuels. Despite the effectiveness of kinetic mechanism generation and optimization procedures and the increased availability of experimental data, integrated methodologies combining data analysis, kinetic simulations, chemical lumping, and kinetic mechanism optimization are still lacking. This paper presents an integrated workflow that combines recently developed automated tools for kinetic mechanism development and testing, from data collection to kinetic model reduction and optimization. The proposed methodology is applied to build a consistent, efficient, and well-performing kinetic mechanism for the combustion of oxymethylene ethers (OMEs), which are promising synthetic e-fuels for transportation. In fact, OMEs are easily mixed with conventional fuels and share similar ignition propensity, and are therefore potential drop-in fuels. Additionally, their oxygenated nature significantly reduces soot emissions. The proposed workflow extends our recently developed kinetic mechanism for OME<sub>1</sub> (dimethoxymethane – DMM) to OME<sub>2-4</sub>: the model is derived from state-of-the-art detailed literature mechanisms, updated according to a reaction class-based approach, and simplified according to chemical lumping. Then, the model is reduced to two different skeletal versions using DRGEP method. An extensive database of ~80 datasets for kinetic mechanism testing is collected, covering different reactor types and experimental conditions. The selected datasets are uploaded to SciExpeM, a recently developed data ecosystem that allows automated kinetic mechanism performance evaluation through a multi-index approach. The performance obtained from SciExpeM shows that the lumped mechanism reproduces well the selected experimental data, and both skeletal mechanisms, well-suited to CFD and engine simulations, show equally good performance. Some minor model deficiencies identified for OME<sub>2</sub> and OME<sub>3</sub> are finally recovered via data-driven kinetic modeling optimization, which relies on the same multi-index approach adopted in SciExpeM for the kinetic model evaluation.</div></div>

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Wu, Sherry, Xianbin Yang, Martin Egli, Kshipra Ghaupure, Hiroto Hatakeyama, Michael McGuire, Rajesha Rupaimoole et al. „Abstract 1406: Evoking potent RNAi response using novel 2′-OMe-phosphorodithioated modified siRNAs“. In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-1406.

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Vitale, U., A. Rechichi, M. D’Alonzo, C. Cristallini, N. Barbani, G. Ciardelli und P. Giusti. „Selective Peptide Recognition With Molecularly Imprinted Polymers in Designing New Biomedical Devices“. In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95587.

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Molecular imprinting is a technique for the synthesis of polymers capable to bind selectively specific molecules. The imprinting of large proteins, like cell adhesion proteins or cell receptors, can lead to important and innovative biomedical applications. However such molecules show such important conformational changes in the polymerisation environment that the recognition sites are poorly specific. The “epitope approach” can overcome this limit by adopting, as template, a stable short peptide sequence representative of an accessible fragment of a larger protein. The resulting imprinted polymer can recognize both the template and the whole molecule thanks to the specific cavities for the epitope. In this work two molecularly imprinted polymer formulations (macroporous monolith and nanospheres) were obtained with the protected peptides Z-Thr-Ala-Ala-OMe, as template, and Z-Thr-Ile-Leu-OMe, as analogue for the selectivity evaluation, the methacrylic acid, as functional monomer, the trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate, as cross-linkers. Polymers were synthesized by precipitation polymerisation in acetonitrile at 60 °C, thermally initiated with azobisisobutyronitrile. All polymers were characterized by the standard techniques SEM, FT-IR, and TGA. The supernatants from the polymerisation and the rebinding solutions were analysed by HPLC. The higher cross-linked polymers retained about the 70% of the template, against about the 20% for the lower ones. The extracted template amount and the rebinding capacity decreased with the cross-linking degree, while the selectivity showed the opposite behaviour. The pentaerythritol triacrylate cross-linked polymers showed the best recognition (MIP 2−, α = 1.71) and selectivity (MIP 2+, α′ = 5.58) capabilities.

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Richards, Bryn, und Nwabueze Emekwuru. „Prediction of Spray Vapor Tip Penetration of Diesel, Biodiesel and Synthetic Fuels Using Artificial Neural Networks with Confidence Intervals“. In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0315.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Fuel spray and atomization processes affect the combustion and emissions characteristics of fuels in internal combustion engines. Biodiesel and synthetic fuels such as oxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OME) show great promise as alternative fuels and are complementary in terms of reproducing the fluid properties of conventional diesel fuels through blending, for instance. Averaged experimental results, empirical correlations and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) have typically been used to evaluate and predict fuel spray liquid and vapor penetration values so as to better design internal combustion engines. Lately, Machine Learning (ML) is being applied to these investigations. Typically, ML spray studies use averaged experimental data and then over-trained neural networks on the limited available data. By contrast, in this study we present spray vapor tip penetration predictions using artificial neural networks with systematic treatment of uncertainties arising from experimental variability and limitations in the neural network training process. This has not been presented previously, and it allows the calculation of confidence intervals on the spray penetration predictions produced by neural networks. Using the present method, we evaluate four different diesel, biodiesel and OME fuel blends under four fuel injection conditions each and predict spray vapor tip penetration values with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. Across all fuel variants and injection conditions, one standard deviation represented less than 1.5 mm spray tip penetration (circa 2% of spray tip penetration) 1 ms from the start of injection. Despite this precision, a 95% confidence interval on neural network predictions encompassed the experimental fuel penetration data across all fuel variants, injection conditions and time steps. By calculating the confidence intervals on neural network predictions, we enable internal combustion engine designers to better quantify the applicability of neural networks in predicting spray characteristics.</div></div>

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Demel, Philipp, Friedemar Knost, Alexander Obée und Christian Beidl. „Efficiency Optimized Engine Operation with CO <sub>2</sub> Neutral Fuels through Thermodynamic Loss Calculation and Model-Based Fuel Detection“. In 16th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-24-0096.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Global efforts to reduce anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions require innovative measures in the field of vehicle drives to present solutions in all areas of the transportation sector in the future. Synthetic fuels, that can be used in conventional combustion engines, show promising potentials. An increasing amount of synthetic fuels will be found in the off-highway sector, which is characterized by a high power and work density. The properties of synthetic fuels can differ depending on their chemical structure. In particular, the calorific value (LHV) and the stoichiometric air-fuel-ratio (AFR<sub>st</sub>) have a direct influence on the performance and emission characteristics of an engine. In addition to providing optimal fuel-specific engine operation, fuel detection can ensure that the engine is only operated with regenerative energy carriers in future. In this paper, the methodical approach for optimizing fuel-specific engine operation on the basis of thermodynamic loss calculation and model-based fuel detection is presented using the example of the synthetic fuel oxymethylene ether (OME). In this context, quantities of the engine control unit (ECU) represent the input values of the fuel detection system. Based on this, neural networks are built to detect the regenerative share in the fuel. By calculating the thermodynamic losses, the fuel-specific losses can be quantified to derive optimization potentials. These are evaluated using steady-state operating points and cycles. The combination of fuel detection, loss quantification and optimization enables the flex-fuel operation of series engines for an optimal use of CO<sub>2</sub>-neutral fuels.</div></div>

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Aakko-Saksa, Paivi, Anssi Järvinen, Mikko Karppanen, Paivi Koponen, Pekka Piimäkorpi, Juha Lehtonen, Sami Harni et al. „Electrofuel Concept of Diesel and Oxygenate Fuels Reduces Engine-Out Emissions“. In 16th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-24-0090.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Electrofuels produced from renewable hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) and captured carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) can be sustainable and carbon-neutral. Paraffinic electrodiesel (e-diesel) can be produced via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis with fuel properties resembling hydrotreated vegetable oils. Electrofuels can be also oxygenated compounds, such as oxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OMEn), having different chain lengths. We studied emissions using paraffinic diesel mimicking e-diesel and its blend with 10% of OME3-5, which has diesel-type fuel properties, in comparison with normal EN590 diesel fuel. An intensive measurement campaign was performed with a modern diesel engine without exhaust aftertreatment to study the effect of fuel on the engine-out emissions. Measurements with the RMC-C1 cycle included detailed characterization of gaseous, particle and polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions having adverse effects on health and the environment. In these tests without a diesel particulate filter, the fuel containing the OME3-5 component reduced the black carbon (BC) emissions substantially in comparison with EN590. PM and PAH emissions, as well as the number of non-volatile particle numbers (nvPN), were lower for paraffinic fuel than for the EN590 fuel, and particularly for the OME3-5 blend. As regards gaseous emissions, paraffinic fuel showed lower engine-out NO<sub>x</sub> emissions than the EN590 fuel, however, OME3-5 oxygenate did not further increase this NO<sub>x</sub> reduction. Higher formaldehyde concentration in the exhaust was found for OME3-5 containing fuel than for the hydrocarbon-only fuels, which can be tackled with an inexpensive oxidation catalyst. In summary, e-diesel type paraffinic fuel reduced the engine-out exhaust emissions from a modern diesel engine substantially, and OME3-5 addition further reduced the most harmful emission species even at a 10% blending level.</div></div>

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Weitzenberg und Merle Marie. „New Somatostatin Receptor 2 (SSTR2)-Targeted Probe for Near-Infrared (NIR) Fluorescence Guided Meningioma Surgery“. In Optical Molecular Probes, Imaging and Drug Delivery. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/omp.2023.om3e.2.

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Meningioma frequently recur at the primary resection site demanding improvement of intraoperative tumor visualization. We developed NIR-fluorescent TATE-sNIR that specifically addresses SSTR2-expressing meningioma cells and confirmed its feasibility and both in vitro and in vivo.

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Díaz, Paola Monterroso, und Narasimhan Rajaram. „Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of NADH and FAD in Ex Vivo Young and Old Mouse Cortical Tissue“. In Optical Molecular Probes, Imaging and Drug Delivery. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/omp.2023.om2e.2.

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Young and old murine cortical tissue in fresh, snap frozen, and DMSO-preserved form were investigated with two-photon microscopy. Shorter mean NADH and FAD lifetimes were found in old cortical tissue compared to young.

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Tichauer, Kenneth M., Scott C. Davis und Kimberley S. Samkoe. „Design of optical molecular imaging protocols through predictive task-based evaluations“. In Optical Molecular Probes, Imaging and Drug Delivery. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/omp.2021.om2e.2.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "2'OME"

Lee, Samkeun, und John Cooper. Highly Reduced Carbene Complexes: Formation of an Alkoxymalonate by Coupling of Carbon Dioxide with the Nucleophilic Carbene in (Cr(CO4)=C(OMe)PH)2-. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada215132.

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Anaya Perdomo, Dylan Santiago, Nelson David Galvis Garrido und Victoria Zubiri. Enfoque clínico del paciente con meningitis. Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Antioquia, Juli 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59473/medudea.pc.2023.14.

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La meningitis es una enfermedad con distribución global, con incidencia específica en el llamado “meningitis belt” ubicado en la región subsahariana de África, en donde ocurren epidemias de enfermedad meningocócica cada 5 a 12 años (2). Se tienen reportes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) que confirman que al año se presentan 5 millones de casos nuevos y 290.000 muertes por meningitis (2).

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Sandberg, Matilda, und Martin Grander. Trångboddhet i Malmö: En studie av trångboddhetens ojämlika utbredning och konsekvenser. Malmö universitet, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771288.

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Denna rapport utgör slutresultatet av ett forskningsprojekt om trångboddhetens sociala konsekvenser i Malmö, ett projekt som bedrivits inom forskningsmiljön Studier i boende och välfärd vid Malmö universitet med delfinansiering från det kommunala bostadsbolaget MKB Fastighets AB under 2021. I projektet har en kombination av kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder använts för att 1) kartlägga trångboddhetens utbredning i Malmö och 2) utforska trångboddhetens yttringar och sociala konsekvenser, med särskild fördjupning i de särskilt trångbodda delområdena Holma-Kroksbäck och Rosengård. Statistik över socioekonomiska förhållanden och trångboddhet (enligt norm 2 och 3) har analyserats och visualiserats genom GIS-analyser. Dessa analyser har följts upp med enkätundersökningar till boende, där de svarande bland annat själva fått uppge om de tycker att bostaden är tillräckligt stor eller inte. Intervjuer har gjorts med boende som både upplever sig vara trångbodda och är det enligt norm 2 och/eller 3. Enkät- och intervjumaterialet innefattar boende även i andra delar av staden, inte enbart i Holma-Kroksbäck och Rosengård. Dessutom har yrkesverksamma som möter trångbodda hushåll i sitt arbete intervjuats.

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Michael D. DeGrandpre. Time-series records of pCO{sub 2} and NO{sub 3} during the OMP Field Program: a final report for DOE Grant DE-FG03-96ER62224. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/765122.

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Engen, Mie, und Line Davidsen Ibsen. Litteraturstudie: Overgreb mod piger og kvinder med udviklingshandicap. Aalborg University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau490086303.

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Litteraturstudiet tager afsæt i følgende spørgsmål: Hvor findes der, og hvor mangler der forskningsviden om: 1. overgreb i forhold til piger og kvinder med udviklingshandicap? 2. hvordan man i arbejdet med denne gruppe mennesker kan få viden om, se, forebygge og/eller reagere i forhold til overgreb? 3. hvad der i konteksten fremmer/hæmmer, at man kan arbejde fagligt med at se, forebygge og/eller reagere i forhold til overgreb? 4. på baggrund af 1-3: Kan vi pege på særlige videnshuller og behov for udvikling af arbejdet med denne gruppe mennesker? Litteraturstudiet har fokus på overgreb begået af enten personale på botilbud eller pårørende.

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McCausland, Rachel, Joann Fontanarosa und Ravi Patel. Nonemergent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Optimal Medical Treatment for Stable Ischemic Heart Disease: A Rapid Response Literature Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcrapidcoronary.

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Aims. There is uncertainty around the optimal role of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for management of chronic coronary syndrome, specifically when patients have disease in multiple coronary vessels and disease in the proximal portion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. This uncertainty was reflected in 2021 guidance from the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) on coronary artery revascularization. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality has commissioned this rapid response literature review to meet a Congressional request for a summary of recent evidence on the benefits of angioplasties conducted in nonemergency situations. Methods. This rapid response literature review on the comparative effectiveness of nonemergent PCI followed established best systematic review methods, modified to meet a shortened project timeframe. We searched PubMed®, Embase®, and the Trip© medical database from 2018 through April 2023 for systematic reviews (SRs), clinical practice guidelines, and randomized controlled trials, and summarized the evidence comparing PCI to optimal medical therapy (OMT) for stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD). Our primary outcomes of interest were major objective cardiovascular outcomes, including mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, urgent revascularization, or composites of one or more of these hard clinical outcomes. Where available, we also abstracted patient reported outcomes (e.g., angina severity and quality of life [QoL]) from included studies. Findings. Key findings from nine SRs and one primary study include: • The body of evidence directly comparing PCI to OMT for SIHD has remained largely unchanged since the 2021 ACC/AHA guidance’s publication. • Most studies of revascularization for coronary artery disease do not focus on direct head-to-head comparisons of PCI versus OMT for SIHD but instead either (1) compare OMT to invasive revascularization (PCI and coronary artery bypass graft [CABG] combined cohort); (2) compare PCI to CABG; or (3) compare different PCI techniques. • Another factor that complicates comparison is that the meta-analyses often included data from CABG and PCI combined cohorts (e.g., the recent landmark ISCHEMIA trial) but reported the outcomes as PCI specific. • In the general SIHD population, our review did not find evidence to support survival benefit or effect on hard clinical outcomes when PCI is added to OMT. • Limited evidence indicates there may be a beneficial effect of PCI on angina symptoms and measures of QoL, but most systematic reviews focused on major objective cardiovascular outcomes and did not consider QoL or freedom from angina. • Both OMT and PCI have evolved significantly during the period of time in which the systematic reviews’ included studies were conducted. It is not clear how these changes may have affected the applicability of past studies to current practice. Conclusions. The evidence directly comparing PCI to OMT for SIHD has remained largely unchanged since publication of the 2021 ACC/AHA guidelines. More research is needed to verify the comparative effectiveness of nonemergent PCI compared to medical treatment for individuals with SIHD, and how the effectiveness varies by certain patient populations and clinical presentation.

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Graber, Ellen R., Linda S. Lee und M. Borisover. An Inquiry into the Phenomenon of Enhanced Transport of Pesticides Caused by Effluents. United States Department of Agriculture, Juli 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570559.bard.

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The objective of this collaborative research project was to determine the factors that may cause enhanced pesticide transport under effluent irrigation. For s-triazines, the potential for enhanced transport through association with effluent dissolved organic matter (OM) was shown to be small in batch and column studies and in numerical simulations. High alkalinity and pH of treated effluents increased soil-solution pH for selected soil-effluent combinations, promoting the dissolution of soil OM and mobilizing otherwise OM-retained pesticides. Evapotranspiration in column studies resulted in increased pore-water concentrations of dissolved OM and some pesticide transport enhancement with the greatest effect observed with OM-poor soils. For ionogenic pesticides, effluent-induced increases in soil-solution pH increased the mobility of pesticides with acid dissociation constants within 2 pH units of the initial soil-solution pH. Effluents high in suspended solids and/or monovalent cations resulted in blockage of soil pores reducing water-flow velocity and/or changing flow paths. Reduced flow resulted in an increase in desorption time of soil sorbed pesticides, increasing the amount available for further transport with the net effect being soil texture dependent. In terms of pesticide degradation in soils, effluents appeared to have only a minor effect for the few pesticides investigated.

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Evertsen, Cecilie. På leit etter læringsmiljøet i barnehagen: En synteserapport fra Læringsmiljøsenteret ved Universitetet i Stavanger. University of Stavanger, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.221.

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Nasjonalt senter for Læringsmiljø og atferdsforskning fikk i oppdrag av Utdanningsdirektoratet å utvikle et kunnskapsgrunnlag om læringsmiljø i barnehagen vinteren 2014. Utdanningsdirektoratet ønsket at Læringsmiljøsenteret ved Universitet i Stavanger skulle utarbeide en synteserapport som hovedsakelig sammenfattet skandinavisk forskning og omhandlet arbeid med læringsmiljø i barnehagen, med utgangspunkt i fire hovedfokusområder (Relasjoner, pedagogisk ledelse, hjem–barnehage-samarbeid og organisasjon og ledelse). Videre hadde Utdanningsdirektoratet tre følgende hovedproblemstillinger som de ønsket belyst: 1. Hva viser skandinavisk forskning om arbeid med pedagogisk ledelse, relasjoner, hjem–barnehage-samarbeid og organisasjon og ledelse? 2. Hvilke føringer og anbefalinger gis for arbeid med læringsmiljø i barnehagen, da på de fire områdene? 3. Hvilke fremtidige forskningsbehov er det på feltet? I januar 2015 startet Læringsmiljøsenteret arbeidet med synteserapporten, og arbeidet ble avsluttet i oktober 2015.

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Nevøy, Anne, Lars Helle, Christina Finne, Stein Erik Solbø Ohna, Nina Helgevold, Kåre Andreas Folkvord, Jorunn Thortveit und Hans Erik Bugge. Innovasjoner i Jærskulen: lærerprofesjon i reformtid. University of Stavanger, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.211.

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I boken Professional Capital – Transforming Teaching in Every School sier Hargraves og Fullan: “Sustainable improvement can […] never be done to or even for teachers. It can only ever be achieved by and with them (2012:45). Dette sitatet fra Hargraves og Fullan angir forskningsinnretningen i dette utviklingsprosjektet. Formålet er å studere hvordan lærere involveres, engasjeres og lærer i innovasjoner i Jærskulen. Forskningsinteressen er sentrert om utviklingsaktiviteter som er satt i verk og hvordan disse relateres til lærernes profesjonsutvikling. Basert på innspill fra utviklingsleder i Jærskulen, Mats Bryne, er prosjektet konsentrert om fire innovasjoner i jærskolesamarbeidet: - Lokal skoleutvikling med utgangspunkt i skolenes valgte utviklingsområder - Gjennomføring i videregående opplæring - Profesjonsutvikling i samspill, medskaping i samarbeid med Utdanningsforbundet - Læringsteknologi i undervisningen Felles for de fire delprosjektene er at de rapporterer om engasjerte lærere som deltar i ulike innovasjonsprosesser, lokalt på de enkelte skolene og i nettverkssamarbeid mellom skoler. I så måte synes målsettingen om at «Jærskulen har eit godt læringsmiljø med god kultur for læring» – også å gjelde for lærerne. Samtidig peker delprosjektene på utfordringer og konstruktive veier for videreutvikling av innovasjonene. Studien av lokal skoleutvikling presenteres i kapittel 1. Denne er utført av Anne Nevøy og Lars Helle og har fått tittelen «Skolenes utviklingsplaner og lærerprofesjonen». Christina Finne og Stein Erik Ohna står bak studien av «Gjennomføring i videregående skole», og denne presenteres i kapittel 2. Utforskingen av «Profesjonsutvikling i samspill» - har fått undertittelen «Utdanningsforbundet og Jærskulen ‘At det er en prosess i det hele’. Nina Helgevold og Kåre Andreas Folkvord har gjennomført studien og denne presenteres i kapittel 3. Kapittel 4 handler om læringsteknologi i undervisningen. Denne studien er utført av Jorunn Thortveit og Hans Erik Bugge, og har fått tittelen «Ipad i Jærskulen».

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