Zeitschriftenartikel: „1959-2006“

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Briseid, Lars Gunnar. „Rektorrollens transformasjoner 1959-2006“. Norsk pedagogisk tidsskrift 101, Nr. 02 (15.06.2017): 144–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn.1504-2987-2017-02-04.

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Bhattacharjee, Y. „Denice Denton (1959-2006)“. Science 312, Nr. 5782 (30.06.2006): 1857b. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.312.5782.1857b.

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3

Lu Ding. „Obituary: Zhang Jikang (1959–2006)“. China: An International Journal 4, Nr. 2 (2006): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chn.2006.0012.

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4

Cosgrove, David, und Peter Dawson. „In memoriam: Martin Blomley (1959–2006)“. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 32, Nr. 9 (September 2006): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.06.001.

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5

Dzida, Marzena, und Wojciech Marczak. „In Memoriam: Andrzej Żak 1959–2006“. European Physical Journal Special Topics 154, Nr. 1 (Februar 2008): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2008-90001-1.

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6

Jessop, David. „Tribute to Michael Stephen Harbuz (1959–2006)“. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 20, Nr. 4 (Juli 2006): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2006.04.157.

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7

Crisp, Mike, und Carol Wilkins. „Dedication to Dr Jenny A. Chappill, 1959 - 2006“. Australian Systematic Botany 20, Nr. 6 (2007): ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sbv20n6_ob.

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8

Bridgeman, Peter. „ROYAL FORESTRY SOCIETY'S PROFESSIONAL DIPLOMA IN ARBORICULTURE 1959 TO 2006“. Arboricultural Journal 29, Nr. 3 (August 2006): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2006.9747459.

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9

Fadda, Sebastiana, und Rui Pina Coelho. „Samuel Beckett em Portugal: imagens roubadas ao tempo: 1959-2006“. Sinais de cena, Nr. 5 (Juni 2006): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51427/cet.sdc.2006.0009.

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10

Bayart, Philippe. „Accumulation collective et valorisation des connaissances dans l’économie cubaine (1959-2006)“. Revue d’études comparatives Est-Ouest 41, Nr. 01 (März 2010): 63–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4074/s0338059910001038.

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Huss, Matthias, Reto Stöckli, Giovanni Kappenberger und Heinz Blatter. „Temporal and spatial changes of Laika Glacier, Canadian Arctic, since 1959, inferred from satellite remote sensing and mass-balance modelling“. Journal of Glaciology 54, Nr. 188 (2008): 857–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214308787779979.

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AbstractThe retreat of Laika Glacier (4.4 km2), part of a small ice cap situated on Coburg Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is analyzed using field data, satellite remote sensing and mass-balance modelling. We present a methodology for merging various data types and numerical models and investigate the temporal and spatial changes of a remote glacier during the past five decades. A glacier mass-balance and surface-evolution model is run for the period 1959–2006, forced with in situ weather observations and climate re-analysis data (ERA-40, NARR). The model is calibrated using the ice-volume change observed between 1959 and 1971, and measured seasonal mass balances. Calculated glacier surface elevation is validated against ICESat GLAS altimeter data and ASTER-derived elevation. Landsatderived glacier outlines are used to validate calculated ice extent. The piedmont tongue of Laika Glacier has retreated considerably and is in a state of disintegration. The modelled glacier mass balance between 1959 and 2006 was −0.41 m w.e. a−1, on average. Model results indicate a significant trend towards higher mass-balance gradients. A complete wastage of Laika Glacier by 2100 is predicted by model runs based on climate scenarios.

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Ågerup, Karl. „La place des littératures africaines dans six encyclopédies littéraires françaises 1959–2006“. Nordic Journal of Francophone Studies/Revue nordique des études francophones 1, Nr. 1 (2018): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/rnef.1.

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13

HERSCH, MATTHEW H. „Return of the Lost Spaceman: America's Astronauts in Popular Culture, 1959-2006“. Journal of Popular Culture 44, Nr. 1 (Februar 2011): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5931.2010.00820.x.

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Betanzos-Vega, Abel, Norberto Capetillo-Piñar, Alexander Lopeztegui-Castillo, Yuliesky Garcés-Rodríguez und Arturo Tripp-Quezada. „Parámetros meteorológicos, represamiento fluvial y huracanes. Variaciones en la hidrología del golfo de Batabanó, Cuba“. Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía 54, Nr. 3 (17.01.2020): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2019.54.3.2024.

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El golfo de Batabanó (GB), es la región de la plataforma marina cubana de mayor extensión e importancia pesquera. Afectaciones al hábitat de especies marinas han sido señaladas como consecuencia de factores naturales y antrópicos. El objetivo fue determinar variaciones espacio-temporales significativas en la hidrología del GB en diferentes periodos y situaciones ambientales. Para ello se analizó la variabilidad de la lluvia y la temperatura del aire en 1975-1995 y 1996-2015 periodos de baja y alta actividad ciclónica, las características termohalinas del GB anterior (1959-1970) y posterior (2006-2016) al represamiento fluvial, y el efecto de dos huracanes casi simultaneaos en 2008 (“Gustav” e “Ike”). Diferencias significativas en la variabilidad interanual de parámetros meteorológicos entre el norte y el sur del GB respondieron a características locales, y ocurrieron cambios en la distribución de los meses de máximas precipitaciones. El represamiento fluvial, sumado a déficits de precipitación en primavera, verano e invierno, provocaron aumentos termohalinos en 2006-2016, con incremento de 0,7 °C en la temperatura del agua y de 2,3 en la salinidad promedio del GB, respecto a 1959-1970. La salinidad mostró una ampliación en la distribución de valores hipersalinos, y media > 36 en meses de altas precipitaciones, con promedio general de 35,4 en 1959-1970 y 37,7 en 2006-2016, esto sugiere que el represamiento ha sido un factor principal en las variaciones de salinidad. El impacto termohalino en el GB de dos huracanes en 2008, se restableció en corto plazo, con mayor inercia en la turbidez.

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JABLONSKA-BARNA, IZABELA, PARASKEVA MICHAILOVA, ANDRZEJ KOWNACKI und PETER H. LANGTON. „The karyotype of Chironomus acerbiphilus Tokunaga, 1939 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Poland“. Zootaxa 2359, Nr. 1 (15.02.2010): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2359.1.6.

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The chromosome set of Chironomus crassimanus Strenzke, 1959 and pictures of its salivary gland chromosomes were presented by Keyl and Keyl (1959) and Keyl (1962). Keyl (1962) described the band sequence of chromosome AE compared with that of other Chironomus species. Later, Michailova (1989) described the chromosome markers of this species using material from Bulgaria. Martin (2006) indicated that the banding patterns of arms A and E of Chironomus acerbiphilus Tokunaga, 1939 are as in C. crassimanus and consequently suggested synonymy. Our study presents the karyotype of Chironomus acerbiphilus (= C. crassimanus) from Poland. This species is new for the Polish fauna.

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Baltodano Román, Gabriel. „Violencia y destrucción del orden en Cualquier forma de morir, de Rafael Menjívar“. LETRAS, Nr. 55 (12.02.2014): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/rl.1-55.2.

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Se analizan los simbolismos de la novela Cualquier forma de morir (2006), del escritor salvadoreño Rafael Menjívar (1959-2011). Esta novela negra contemporánea trata acerca de la destrucción del orden social por causa de la violencia del narcotráfico. En el relato, priva una perspectiva determinada por el empleo de imágenes propias del mito, en particular, una visión apocalíptica de la sociedad mexicana. Tal recurso al mito forma parte de una tendencia común en la nueva ficción criminal hispanoamericana. This article addresses the symbolism in the novel Cualquier forma de morir (2006), by Rafael Menjívar (El Salvador; 1959-2011). This contemporary black novel deals with the destruction of social order due to violence from drug trafficking. As the novel unfolds, the prevailing perspective is determined by the presence of images corresponding to the myth, in particular, of an apocalyptic view of Mexican society. That use of the myth is part of a common tendency in new Latin American crime fiction.

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HEISS, E. „Review of the Barcinus-complex with description of new taxa (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Aradidae)“. Zootaxa 2448, Nr. 1 (07.05.2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2448.1.1.

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This paper deals with the revision of the flat bug genus Barcinus Stål 1873 recorded from the Oriental–Papuan Region. Newly available additional material and biogeographical considerations allowed the distinction of discrete species groups, which—in addition to the type genus Barcinus—are defined and proposed as Heterobarcinus n. gen., Papuabarcinus n. gen. and Brachybarcinus n. gen. The genus Barcinus remains monotypic, with the species horridus Stål 1873. To Heterobarcinus n. gen. is assigned the species bhoutanensis (Usinger & Matsuda 1959), kormilevi (Bai, Heiss & Cai 2006), schaeferi n. sp. (China, Fujian) and minor n. sp. (China, Yunnan). The genus Papuabarcinus n. gen. contains the species ceramensis (Usinger & Matsuda 1959), laminiferus (Walker 1873), papuensis (Usinger & Matsuda 1959), productus (Usinger & Matsuda 1959), truncatus (Kormilev 1955), riedeli n. sp. and intermedius n. sp. (both from Irian Jaya). For vietnamensis n. sp. (Vietnam, Southern China), secundus n. sp. (China, Fujian, Guangxi) and baianus n. sp. (China Yunnan) the new genus Brachybarcinus n. gen. is erected. All species are illustrated and are keyed.

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Mariano, André Luiz Sena. „História do currículo do curso de Pedagogia da UNESP de Araraquara (1959-2006)“. Acta Scientiarum. Education 41, Nr. 1 (02.01.2019): 36839. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascieduc.v41i1.36839.

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Este texto, na tentativa de trazer contribuições para a compreensão do curso de Pedagogia, debruça-se sobre a história do curso oferecido pela Faculdade de Ciências e Letras da UNESP de Araraquara, focalizando suas estruturas curriculares. Para tanto, são analisadas as nomenclaturas que compuseram os currículos do curso em suas cinco versões (1959, 1969, 1979, 2000 e 2006), tentando explicar sua configuração à luz dos pressupostos do materialismo cultural, proposto pelo galês Raymond Williams (1921-1988). Nesse sentido, o texto procura mostrar, considerando suas limitações, algumas tensões postas durante os processos de mudança dos currículos, bem como as formas como esses processos se conectam à história do curso de Pedagogia no Brasil; para tanto, se vale, por exemplo, das tensões postas entre a formação do especialista da área educacional e o professor. Finaliza advogando que, além das discussões atinentes à própria configuração do campo científico a ausência de um conhecimento especificamente pedagógico (que aqui passa a ser denominado de conhecimento dominante) pode ser um fator explicativo para as inúmeras crises que marcam a história do curso de pedagogia no Brasil.

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Han, Songjun, und Zhiyong Yang. „Cooling effect of agricultural irrigation over Xinjiang, Northwest China from 1959 to 2006“. Environmental Research Letters 8, Nr. 2 (01.06.2013): 024039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024039.

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20

Raupach, M. R., J. G. Canadell und C. Le Quéré. „Anthropogenic and biophysical contributions to increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> growth rate and airborne fraction“. Biogeosciences Discussions 5, Nr. 4 (11.07.2008): 2867–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-5-2867-2008.

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Abstract. We quantify the relative roles of natural and anthropogenic influences on the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 and the CO2 airborne fraction, considering both interdecadal trends and interannual variability. A combined ENSO-Volcanic Index (EVI) relates most (~75%) of the interannual variability in CO2 growth rate to the El-Niño-Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) climate mode and volcanic activity. Analysis of several CO2 data sets with removal of the EVI-correlated component confirms a previous finding of a detectable increasing trend in CO2 airborne fraction (defined using total anthropogenic emissions including fossil fuels and land use change) over the period 1959–2006, at a proportional growth rate 0.24% y−1 with probability ~0.9 of a positive trend. This implies that the atmospheric CO2 growth rate increased slightly faster than total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. An extended form of the Kaya identity relates the increase in the CO2 growth rate (1.9% y−1 over 1959–2006) to the growth rates of four global driving factors: population (contributing +1.7% y−1); per capita income (+1.8% y−1); the total carbon intensity of the global economy (−1.7% y−1); and airborne fraction (averaging +0.2% y−1 with strong interannual variability). Together, the recent (post-2000) increase in growth of per capita income and decline in the negative growth (improvement) in the carbon intensity of the economy will drive a significant acceleration in the CO2 growth rate over coming decades, unless these recent trends reverse. To achieve an annual reduction rate in total emissions of −2% y−1 (which would halve emissions in 35 years) in the presence of a per-capita income growth rate of 2% y−1 and a population growth rate of 1% y−1, it is necessary to achieve a decline in total carbon intensity of the economy at a rate of around −5% y−1, three times the 1959–2006 average.

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Pacheco, Roberta Fernandes. „A conceptualização de papel: uma revisão teórica (The conceptualization of role: a theoretical review)“. Estudos da Língua(gem) 16, Nr. 2 (30.12.2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/el.v16i2.4896.

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A partir das considerações de papel de Goffman ([1959] 2005) e a releitura feita por Weizman (2006, 2008) e Sarangi (2010, 2011) em uma perspectiva interacional em cenários profissionais, este artigo busca discutir acerca da noção de papel, buscando propor um construto teórico-analítico passível de utilização em futuras pesquisas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Papel; Discussão teórica; Construto teórico-analítico.

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Missfelder, Jan-Friedrich. „Die Gegenkraft und ihre Geschichte: Carl Schmitt, Reinhart Koselleck und der Bürgerkrieg“. Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte 58, Nr. 4 (2006): 310–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157007306778552737.

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AbstractThe article explores the relationship between the German historian Reinhart Koselleck (1923-2006) and the Germanjurist Carl Schmitt (1888-1985). It focuses especially on how Koselleck's doctoral thesis ,,Kritik und Krise" (1959) approaches Schmitt's 1938 study on Thomas Hobbes (1938). Both scholars are contextualized in the intellectual and academic milieu of Heidelberg in the early 1950s.

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CONRADIE, WERNER, DENIS TWEDDLE, TUULI MÄKINEN und ROGER BILLS. „Description of the tadpole of Hylarana darlingi Boulenger 1902 (Anura: Ranidae) from the Mulanje Area, Malawi“. Zootaxa 3441, Nr. 1 (28.08.2012): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3441.1.5.

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The generic placement of the African Hylarana is still under debate (Frost 2011). We follow the latest taxonomy (Frost 2011) and refer to the genus as Hylarana. Of the eleven African species, only H. darlingi and H. galamensis have been recorded from Malawi (Mercurio 2011). We report the second confirmed record of H. darlingi in Malawi. Tadpoles of African Hylarana species are poorly known: descriptions are available for H. lemairei (Schmidt & Inger 1959; Channing 2001), H. albolabris (Channing & Howell 2006) and H. galamensis (Rödel 2000; Channing & Howell 2006; Du Preez & Carruthers 2009).

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Zanlorenzi, Claudia Maria Petchak, und Maria Isabel Moura Nascimento. „O retrato da década de 1950 pelas folhas do Jornal “Tribuna dos Municípios” de Irati (PR)“. Revista HISTEDBR On-line 9, Nr. 34 (23.10.2012): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/rho.v9i34.8639582.

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O presente texto retrata, especificamente, a década de 1950, tendo por objetivo demonstraro movimento da sociedade pelo viés de um jornal local, Tribuna dos Municípios, veiculadoem Irati (PR). Esse estudo é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada no Programa deMestrado em Educação da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, com o título “Educaçãoe Ideologia na Imprensa de Irati– PR (1954-1959)”, no ano de 2006.

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Alacevich, Michele, und Wendy Harcourt. „Emerging Trends: Fifty seminal articles from the International Development Review and Development – 1959–2006“. Development 50, S1 (04.06.2007): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1100395.

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Wang, Xiao, und Zong Ling Wang. „The Variations of the Abundance and Distribution Pattern of Calanus sinicus Brodsky in the Western South Yellow Sea in Spring and Summer“. Advanced Materials Research 573-574 (Oktober 2012): 1145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.573-574.1145.

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Multidisciplinary comprehensive investigations were conducted in the western South Yellow Sea in the summer, 2006 and spring, 2007. The abundance and distribution pattern of a dominant zooplankton species, Calanus sinicus, and its relationship with the environmental conditions are analyzed. The data of C. sinicus and hydrological parameter in the spring and summer of 1959 are used to compare the variations of C. sinicus and hydrographical conditions in the past 50 years. Results show that the abundance of C. sinicus was significantly higher in 2006 and 2007 than that in 1959 which may be correlate with both the bottom-up and top-down effects; the distribution pattern in the spring of the two years was similar, on the contrary, However, the hydrographical characteristics were conspicuously different between the two springs, for example, the coverage and strength of the Qingdao Cold Water Mass, the penetrating pathway of Yellow Sea Warm Current and the distribution pattern of the oceanic front. Correspondingly, the distribution pattern of C. sinicus in the summer of the two years showed great differences. Thus, it is suggested that the distribution pattern of C. sinicus in summer might be influenced by the hydrographical characteristics in spring, which probably further affects the present of some economically important fishes which fed on C. sinicus.

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Goswami, Ramen. „Thematic Voyage, Images and Symbols; Household Disagreement and Post-Colonial Situation in Upamanayu Chatterjee’s The Last Burden“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, Nr. VI (15.06.2021): 1178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35157.

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Upamanayu Chatterjee is born in 1959 at Patna, Bihar. He is one of the original brilliant Indian writers of the modern generation. He is a commanding emergent voice in Indian postcolonial creative writing. He has written a handful of short stories and fictions. His English, August: An Indian story was first published in 1988 and reprinted in 2006. This is one of the significant urban Indian coming-of-age novel. His other novels include The Last Burden (1994), The Mammaries of the Welfare State (2000)- a sequel to The English August, Weight Loss (2006) , and Way to Go (2010)-a sequel to The Last Burden. Keywords: Burden, middle class family, portrays, patriarchy, emotions

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Nascimento, Francisco Eriberto De Lima, und Antonio Santos-Silva. „New species and synonymies in Hexoplonini Martins, 2006 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), with notes and new records on Cerambycinae Latreille, 1802“. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (27.07.2018): e20185836. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.36.

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Glyptoscapus letiziae, a new species of Hexoplonini Martins, 2006, is described from Brazil (Minas Gerais). Glyptoscapus cicatricosus Aurivillius, 1899 and G. vanettii Martins, 1959 are synonymized with G. pallidulus (White, 1855). A key to species of Glyptoscapus is provided. New state records are presented for Thoracibidion io (Thomson, 1867) (Neoibidionini), Coleoxestia rafaeli Santos-Silva & Wappes, 2017 and C. denticornis (Gahan, 1892) (Cerambycini). The female of C. rafaeli is described for the first time.

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Rasmussen, L. A. „South Cascade Glacier mass balance, 1935–2006“. Annals of Glaciology 50, Nr. 50 (2009): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756409787769762.

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AbstractA simple model uses daily observations of precipitation and temperature at a nearby weather station to estimate glacier-average seasonal mass-balance components at South Cascade Glacier, Washington, USA, from 1935, 24 years before measurements began at the glacier. This is 13 years earlier than measurements that can be derived using the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis database (begins 1 January 1948). Although the model’s error in estimating winter balance and summer balance over 1959–2006 is greater than that of a model using the reanalysis database, its error in estimating net balance is comparable. The model uses an empirically determined precipitation ratio between the station and the glacier, and a seasonally varying temperature lapse rate determined from 9 years of measurements at the glacier. Temperature is used with a degree-day formulation to estimate ablation and to partition precipitation between rain and snow for estimating accumulation. Both processes are assumed to exist throughout the year, and model results are compared seasonally with adjusted observations of winter and summer balances. The published mass-balance series is adjusted to a constant-topography (1970) series in an attempt to remove the influence of changing topography on the glacier’s response to climate. The reconstructed values prior to 1959 are also with respect to the 1970 glacier topography. Because precipitation is measured at the weather station, rather than being inferred from other meteorological variables, it enables us to distinguish more accurately between wet-day and dry-day conditions, including vertical lapse rates of temperature.

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WHITE, ADRIENNE, und LUKE COPLAND. „Loss of floating glacier tongues from the Yelverton Bay region, Ellesmere Island, Canada“. Journal of Glaciology 65, Nr. 251 (03.05.2019): 376–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2019.15.

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ABSTRACTA total of eight floating glacier tongues have shrunk in area by >85% from the Yelverton Bay region of Northern Ellesmere Island since 1959, with unusually large losses since 2005. To better understand the causes of these losses, this study undertakes the first examination of ice tongue changes in this region, including an assessment of changes in surrounding marine ice (i.e. sea ice, sikussak and mélange), and atmospheric and oceanographic forcings. From 1959 to 2017, the total ice tongue area decreased by 49.07 km2, with the majority of this loss occurring from 2005 to 2009 (34.68 km2). The loss of ice tongues since 2005 occurred when open water replaced multi-year landfast sea ice (MLSI) and first-year sea ice in the regions adjacent to the ice tongues. These changes were accompanied by an increase in mean annual mid-depth (i.e. 100 and 200 m) ocean temperatures from −0.29°C from 1999 to 2005 to 0.67°C from 2006 to 2012. Despite the recent return of ocean temperatures to below pre-2006 levels, atmospheric summer temperatures have continued to rise (+0.15°C decade−1 between 1948 and 2016), with open water continuing to occur. Without the sustained presence of MLSI in this region the ice tongues are unable to stabilize, making it unlikely that they will re-form in the current climate.

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De Carvalho, David Araújo. „A CONSTRUÇÃO DO ETHOS DISCURSIVO NA EPISTOLA AOS FILIPENSES: UMA ANÁLISE DISCURSIVA“. REFLEXUS - Revista Semestral de Teologia e Ciências das Religiões 13, Nr. 22 (09.12.2019): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.20890/reflexus.v13i22.947.

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Resumo: O presente trabalha busca analisar o ethos discursivo do apóstolo Paulo na epístola aos Filipenses à luz da Análise do Discurso de linha Francesa. Nosso objetivo está em identificar as diferentes imagens que o apóstolo, o enunciador, constrói na sua carta. Nossa pesquisa está voltada para uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de método qualitativo – interpretativo. Para tanto, utilizamos em nossa pesquisa autores da Análise do Discurso como Maingueneau (1997, 2006), Charaudeau (2006, 2008), Orlandi (2011, 2015), Amossy (2011), Eggs (2011), Mota e Salgado (2014), Pêcheux (2009), Citelli (2002) com a caracterização do discurso religioso, dentre outros. Como pano de fundo para a compreensão da constituição da epístola, utilizamos Robertson (1982), Barclay (1959), Martim (1985). Nossos objetivos se concentraram em descrever os vários ethos revelados na epístola de Paulo aos Filipenses revelando o lugar de sujeito que o enunciador ocupa ao produzir a linguagem.

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Xu, Jianhua, Yaning Chen, Weihong Li, Minhe Ji, Shan Dong und Yulian Hong. „Wavelet analysis and nonparametric test for climate change in Tarim River Basin of Xinjiang during 1959–2006“. Chinese Geographical Science 19, Nr. 4 (08.10.2009): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11769-009-0306-7.

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SANTANNA, MANOELA, EVERTON NEI LOPES RODRIGUES, IGOR CIZAUSKAS und ANTONIO DOMINGOS BRESCOVIT. „On the spider genus Cryptachaea from Peru, Bolivia and cave environments in Brazil: a new species, additional descriptions and new records (Araneae, Theridiidae)“. Zootaxa 4646, Nr. 2 (24.07.2019): 271–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.2.4.

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In this paper a new species of Cryptachaea Archer, 1946 based on males and females is described from Brazilian caves: Cryptachaea pilar Santanna & Rodrigues, new species from the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo. The females of Cryptachaea parana (Levi, 1963) and C. schneirlai (Levi, 1959) are described and illustrated for the first time. Cryptachaea uviana (Levi, 1963) is synonymized with C. migrans (Keyserling, 1884). The species Cryptachaea alacris (Keyserling, 1884), C. benivia Rodrigues & Poeta, 2015, C. parana (Levi, 1963) and C. schneirlai (Levi, 1959) are recorded for the first from Brazil; and C. migrans for the first time from Bolivia. Additionally, new records from Brazilian caves are provided for Cryptachaea parana, from the states of Tocantins, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo; C. schneirlai and C. alacris from the state of Pará; C. dea (Buckup & Marques, 2006) and C. rioensis (Levi, 1963) from Pará and Minas Gerais, C. jequirituba (Levi, 1963) from Minas Gerais and C. benivia from São Paulo.

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Stokes, Hatch. „From the President“. Microbiology Australia 30, Nr. 3 (2009): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma09s02.

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This history project and indeed all the ASM celebrations happening in 2009 have their origins in the meeting of Council held on the Gold Coast in 2006. It was at that meeting that then President, Julian Rood, had an inkling that our Golden Jubilee was approaching. It is perhaps a reflection of the fact that we can so quickly lose track of the past that no one could definitively name our year of foundation. After subsequent research revealed the significance of 1959, Council quickly agreed that 2009 should be a special year of celebration for us.

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Levi, Yaron, und Ivo Welch. „Symmetric and Asymmetric Market Betas and Downside Risk“. Review of Financial Studies 33, Nr. 6 (19.09.2019): 2772–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhz108.

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Abstract Our paper explores whether a symmetric plain or an asymmetric down-beta is a better hedging measure (Roy 1952; Markowitz 1959). Unlike Ang, Chen, and Xing (2006) and Lettau, Maggiori, and Weber (2014), we find that the prevailing plain market beta is the better predictor, even for crashes. It also predicts the subsequent down-beta (i.e., beta measured only on days when the stock market had declined) better than down-beta itself. Stocks with higher down-betas ex ante also do not earn higher average rates of return ex post. Thus, down-betas are useful for neither hedging nor risk-pricing purposes.

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李, 佳. „追随与自主：新加坡华文文学教材嬗变“. 华人研究国际学报 10, Nr. 02 (Dezember 2018): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793724818000160.

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新加坡的华文文学教育可追溯至早期华校的中学华文课本，发展至今经历了曲折历程。本文以1959年颁布的《华文中小学华文课程标准》、2006年颁布的《2006 中学华文文学课程标准》、2012年颁布的《中学华文文学课程标准2013》, 以及2018年颁布的《中学华文文学课程标准2019》为主要线索, 探讨在这些框架指导下，新加坡华文文学教材发生的几次重要嬗变，并探讨在此过程中新加坡对于建构自身文学教育的不断探索与努力。

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Raupach, M. R., J. G. Canadell und C. Le Quéré. „Anthropogenic and biophysical contributions to increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> growth rate and airborne fraction“. Biogeosciences 5, Nr. 6 (28.11.2008): 1601–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-5-1601-2008.

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Abstract. We quantify the relative roles of natural and anthropogenic influences on the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 and the CO2 airborne fraction, considering both interdecadal trends and interannual variability. A combined ENSO-Volcanic Index (EVI) relates most (~75%) of the interannual variability in CO2 growth rate to the El-Niño-Southern-Oscillation (ENSO) climate mode and volcanic activity. Analysis of several CO2 data sets with removal of the EVI-correlated component confirms a previous finding of a detectable increasing trend in CO2 airborne fraction (defined using total anthropogenic emissions including fossil fuels and land use change) over the period 1959–2006, at a proportional growth rate 0.24% y−1 with probability ~0.9 of a positive trend. This implies that the atmospheric CO2 growth rate increased slightly faster than total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. To assess the combined roles of the biophysical and anthropogenic drivers of atmospheric CO2 growth, the increase in the CO2 growth rate (1.9% y−1 over 1959–2006) is expressed as the sum of the growth rates of four global driving factors: population (contributing +1.7% y−1); per capita income (+1.8% y−1); the total carbon intensity of the global economy (−1.7% y−1); and airborne fraction (averaging +0.2% y−1 with strong interannual variability). The first three of these factors, the anthropogenic drivers, have therefore dominated the last, biophysical driver as contributors to accelerating CO2 growth. Together, the recent (post-2000) increase in growth of per capita income and decline in the negative growth (improvement) in the carbon intensity of the economy will drive a significant further acceleration in the CO2 growth rate over coming decades, unless these recent trends reverse.

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Franck, R. „Judicial Independence Under a Divided Polity: A Study of the Rulings of the French Constitutional Court, 1959-2006“. Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 25, Nr. 1 (17.11.2007): 262–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jleo/ewn001.

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Rolandi, Verônica de Freitas, und Artur José Renda Vitorino. „Ideologia e reconhecimento: reflexões sobre a obrigatoriedade da temática história e cultura afro-brasileira“. ETD - Educação Temática Digital 17, Nr. 1 (29.04.2015): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/etd.v17i1.8634824.

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Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar problematizações a respeito do cumprimento da lei 11.645 de 2008, que trata da obrigatoriedade da temática história e cultura afro-brasileira em todas as disciplinas do currículo. Serão analisadas duas sequências didáticas com essa temática do livro Cercanía espanhol sétimo ano aprovado no PNLD-2014 anos finais do ensino fundamental. As bases teóricas dessas análises serão a Teoria da Luta por Reconhecimento de Axel Honneth (2009) e o conceito de Ocultação Ideológica de Michel Debrun (1959; 1989; 1990). A primeira por permitir construir argumentos pela educação contra formas de desrespeito. A segunda porque explica os mecanismos que atuam no sentido de obliterar o estudante e impedi-lo de ver-se como “sujeito” e “agir como cidadão” (BRASIL, 2006). A partir da primeira análise observamos que o material apresenta subsídios ao professor mediador que permitem o reconhecimento intersubjetivo ao aluno (HONNETH, 2009). Já na segunda, vemos que a Ocultação Ideológica oblitera o leitor e não lhe permite ver que o convívio harmônico entre as raças indígena, negra africana e europeia é um referencial ideológico gerador do analogon que oculta a dissimetria entre o ápice e a base da pirâmide social brasileira (DEBRUN, 1959; 1989).

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EYA, BRYAN K. „A new species of Deltaspis Audinet-Serville (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae) from Mexico“. Zootaxa 4247, Nr. 2 (27.03.2017): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4247.2.10.

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As currently defined, the genus Deltaspis Audinet-Serville, 1834, contains 16 species ranging in distribution from the southwestern United States to eastern Mexico. However, the generic distinction between Deltaspis and its closely allied genera, such as Crossidius LeConte, 1851 and Muscidora Thomson, 1864, is in need of clarification. According to Audinet-Serville, Deltaspis is so named due to its distinctive triangular scutellum (i.e., Δετα, delta, ασπιζ écusson), which is actually a commonly shared character of all these genera. Members of the tribe Trachyderini Dupont (1836), which includes the above genera, also have mandibles with an emarginate-truncate apex with the edge chisel-like or bifid. This modification of mouthpart appears to be for consumption of pollen and/or petals from composite flowers visited by the adult beetles (Krenn et al., 2005; Beierl & Barchet-Beierl, 1999). Other genera from this tribe with this modification of mandibles from North America, and mostly from Mexico, include: Chemsakiella Monné, 2006, Giesbertia Chemsak & Linsley, 1984, Hoegea Bates, 1885, Neocrossidius Chemsak, 1959, Paroxoplus Chemsak, 1959, Plionoma Casey, 1912, Schizax LeConte, 1873, and Tylosis LeConte, 1850. The remainder of Trachyderini genera have unmodified or simple mandibles with apex acute.

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Gao, Yu Nan, Xiang Yu Tang, Jin Xiang Fu und Shui Liu. „Analysis of Some Problems about the Detection Capabilities of the Drinking Water Quality Standards“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 2034–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.2034.

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The numbers of index of Chinese standards for drinking water quality increased from 17 by the Health Regulation for Drinking water promulgated 1959 to106 by the current Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-2006). The Standard has been developed at the same pace with the world. However, there were some hysteretic problems in the process of standards implementation due to the detection technique. The article was aimed at making suggestions on improving detection capability and testing equipment, making programs on the technical personnel and the regional differences. The present research results will lay the foundation for the implementation of Chinese standards for drinking water quality.

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SAINI, MALKIAT S., und LAKHWINDER K. „Two new species of the genus Rhyacophila Pictet (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) from the Indian Himalayas“. Zootaxa 3478, Nr. 1 (11.09.2012): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3478.1.29.

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Rhyacophilidae Stephens, 1836, is a relatively large family revised by Schmid (1970). The family is predominantly north temperate, found in North America, Europe and Asia (Holzenthal et. al. 2007). The genus Rhyacophila contains 801 species globally; among these, 375 species have been recorded from the Oriental Region and 148 species occur in India (Morse, 2012). For the identification of species the works by Armitage & Arefina (2003), Kimmins (1952, 1953, 1964), Kiss (2003, 2011a, 2011b), Malicky (1995a, 1995b, 1997), Malicky & Chantaramongkol (1993), Malicky & Prommi (2006), Malicky & Sun (2002), Martynov (1927a, 1927b, 1930, 1935), Morton (1900), Schmid (1959, 1970) and Sun & Yang (1998) were used.

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Bomfim, Monalisa Medrado. „Multiálogo e arco tenso: poemas intermídia de Décio Pignatari“. Revista Criação & Crítica, Nr. 28 (22.12.2020): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1984-1124.i28p169-187.

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Décio Pignatari (1927-2012) era o mais irreverente do trio de poetas concretos que compunha junto com os irmãos Haroldo e Augusto de Campos. A ousadia de Pignatari está na sátira, mas também no multiálogo das mídias, que ele experimenta por meio de diferentes suportes nos poemas intermídia. O objetivo do trabalho foi trazer a poesia de Décio Pignatari para o campo de análise do suporte de inscrição, sugerindo um diálogo ativo com o contemporâneo digital. Observa-se que existe algum dado tecnomoderno nos poemas intermídia um movimento (1956), hombre hambre hambra (1957) e caviar (1959), que transitam entre os suportes da página e do áudio. Para compor a discussão teórica do conceito de intermídia foram utilizados os textos: Inter textos/ inter artes/ inter media (2006) e Concrete poetry and the new performance arts: intersemiotic, intermedia, intercultural (2000), de Claus Clüver. Já os textos: A poesia concreta como precursora da cibercultura (2006) e Décio Pignatari entre a vida, os signos e a memória (2016), de Lucia Santaella, articularam o diálogo entre os poemas e o contexto digital.

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Evans, Geoffrey, und James Tilley. „How Parties Shape Class Politics: Explaining the Decline of the Class Basis of Party Support“. British Journal of Political Science 42, Nr. 1 (14.07.2011): 137–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123411000202.

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Why has the association between class and party declined over time? Contrary to conventional wisdom that emphasizes the fracturing of social structures and blurring of class boundaries in post-industrial society, it is argued here that class divisions in party preferences are conditioned by the changing shape of the class structure and the effect of parties’ strategic ideological responses to this transformation on the choices facing voters. This thesis is tested using British survey data from 1959 to 2006. We demonstrate that increasing class heterogeneity does not account for the decline of the class–party association, which occurs primarily as a result of ideological convergence between the main parties resulting from New Labour's shift to the centre.

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Nunes, Fernando Fidelix. „Aplicações da Teoria Dramatúrgica de Goffman para a Análise Multimodal“. Palimpsesto - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras da UERJ 20, Nr. 36 (15.09.2021): 287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/palimpsesto.2021.61508.

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Este trabalho objetiva discutir de que maneira a teoria dramatúrgica de Goffman (2014[1959]) pode ser aplicada na análise de textos multimodais (KRESS e Van LEEUWEN, 2001, 2006; Van LEEUWEN, 1999, 2005, 2011). Após apresentar os fundamentos da representação na teoria de Goffman e dos pressupostos para a análise de textos na perspectiva multimodal, partirei para a análise do videoclipe da música Fearless, da cantora Taylor Swift, dando destaque para como a representação da artista por meio da realização dramática, da manutenção do controle expressivo, da idealização e da mistificação possibilita o enriquecimento de categorias da análise multimodal de textos, como as da gramática visual, para uma compreensão mais ampla da interação social.

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Aragão Maciel, Marta Maria. „Reflexões acerca do marxismo “herético” de Ernst Bloch“. Trilhas Filosóficas 11, Nr. 3 (17.04.2019): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25244/tf.v11i3.3544.

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Resumo: O presente texto objetiva uma abordagem, no interior do pensamento de Ernst Bloch (1885/1977), acerca da relação entre marxismo e utopia: um vínculo incomum no interior do marxismo, comumente tido numa oposição inconciliável. Daí a apropriação do termo “herético” em referência ao marxismo do autor alemão: a expressão é usada não em sentido pejorativo, mas apenas para situar seu distanciamento do marxismo vulgar, bem como sua intenção de crítica radical dessa tradição. Aqui entendemos que é, em particular, por meio da relação entre marxismo e utopia que o pensamento de Ernst Bloch aparece como um projeto inelutavelmente político com vistas a uma filosofia da práxis concreta na principal obra do autor: O Princípio esperança (Das Prinzip Hoffnung) [1954/1959]. Neste livro encontramos, com efeito, a tentativa de pensar a atualidade do marxismo para o contexto do século XX, a era das catástrofes, conforme definição do historiador Eric Hobsbawm. Palavras-chave: Marxismo. Utopia. Dialética. Crítica social. Cultura. Abstract: This paper presents an approach within the thinking of Ernst Bloch (1885/1977) about the relation between Marxism and Utopia: an unusual link within Marxism, commonly held in an irreconcilable opposition. Hence the appropriation of the term "heretical" in reference to the German author's Marxism: the expression is used not in a pejorative sense, but only to situate its distancing from vulgar Marxism, as well as its intention of a radical critique of this tradition. Here we understand that it is particularly through the relationship between Marxism and Utopia that Ernst Bloch's thought appears as an ineluctably political project with a view to a philosophy of concrete praxis in the principal work of the author: The Principle Hope (Das Prinzip Hoffnung) [1954/1959]. In this book we find, in effect, the attempt to think the actuality of Marxism in the context of the age of catastrophe - as defined by Eric Hobsbawm - that is, the long twentieth century that experienced the extreme barbarism of the concentration camp, of which the thinker in question, Jewish and Communist, managed to escape. Keywords: Marxism. Utopia. Dialectics. Social criticismo. Culture. REFERÊNCIAS ALBORNOZ, Suzana. O enigma da Esperança: Ernst Bloch e as margens da história do espírito. Petrópolis, RJ: Vozes, 1995. ALBORNOZ, Suzana. Ética e utopia: ensaio sobre Ernst Bloch. 2ª edição. Porto Alegre: Movimento; Santa Cruz do Sul: EdUSC, 2006. BICCA, Luiz. Marxismo e liberdade. São Paulo: Loyola, 1987. BLOCH, Ernst. Filosofia del Rinascimento. Trad. it. de Gabriella Bonacchi e Katia Tannenbaum. Bologna: il Mulino, 1981. BLOCH, Ernst. Héritage de ce temps. Trad. Jean Lacoste. Paris: Payot, 1978. BLOCH, Ernst. O Princípio Esperança [1954-1959]. Vol. I. Trad. br. Nélio Schneider. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ; Contraponto, 2005. BLOCH, Ernst. O Princípio Esperança [1954-1959]. Vol. II. Trad. br. Werner Fuchs. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ; Contraponto, 2006. BLOCH, Ernst. O Princípio Esperança [1954-1959]. Vol. III. Trad. br. Nélio Schneider. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ; Contraponto, 2006. BLOCH, Ernst. Du rêve à l’utopie: Entretiens philosophiques. Textos escolhidos e prefaciados por Arno Münster. Paris: Hermann, 2016. BLOCH, Ernst. Thomas Münzer, Teólogo da Revolução [1963]. Trad. br. Vamireh Chacon e Celeste Aída Galeão. Rio de Janeiro: Tempo Brasileiro, 1973. BLOCH, Ernst. L’esprit de l’utopie, [1918-1023]. Trad. fr. de Anne Marie Lang e Catherine Tiron-Audard. Paris: Gallimard, 1977. BLOCH, Ernst. El pensamiento de Hegel. Trad. esp. de Wenceslao Roces. Mexico; Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Economica, 1963. BOURETZ, Pierre. Testemunhas do futuro: filosofia e messianismo. Trad. J. Guinsburg. São Paulo: Perspectiva, 2011, p. 690. FREUD, Sigmund. Los sueños [1900-1901]. Trad. Luis Lopez-Ballesteros et al., Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1981. FREUD, Sigmund. A Interpretação dos sonhos. Vol. I. Trad. Jayme Salomão. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 2006. HORKHEIMER, Max. Filosofia e teoria crítica. In: Textos escolhidos. Trad. de José Lino Grünnewald. São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1980, p. 155 (Coleção Os Pensadores.). MÜNSTER, Arno. Ernst Bloch: filosofia da práxis e utopia concreta. São Paulo: UNESP, 1993. MÜNSTER, Arno. Utopia, Messianismo e Apocalipse nas primeiras de Ernst Bloch. Trad. br. de Flávio Beno Siebeneichler. São Paulo: UNESP, 1997. PIRON-AUDARD, Catherine. Anthropologie marxiste et psychanalyse selon Ernst Bloch. In: RAULET, Gérard (org.). Utopie-marxisme selon Ernst Bloch: un système de l'inconstructible. Payot: Paris, 1976. VIEIRA, Antonio Rufino. Princípio esperança e a “herança intacta do marxismo” em Ernst Bloch. In: Anais do 5° Coloquio Internacional Marx-Engels. Campinas: CEMARX/Unicamp. Disponível em: <www.unicamp.br / cemarx_v_coloquio_arquivos_arquivos /comunicacoes/gt1/sessao6/Antonio_Rufi no.pdf>. VIEIRA, Antonio Rufino. Marxismo e libertação: estudos sobre Ernst Bloch e Enrique Dussel. São Leopoldo: Nova Harmonia, 2010. RAULET, Gérard (Organizador). Utopie - marxisme selon Ernst Bloch: un sistème de l’inconstructible. Paris: Payot, 1976. ZECCHI, Stefano. Ernest Bloch: Utopia y Esperanza en el Comunismo [1974]. Trad. esp. de Enric Pérez Nadal, Barcellona: Península, 1978.

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Pollastrelli, Carla. „‘Art as Vehicle’: Grotowski in Pontedera“. New Theatre Quarterly 25, Nr. 4 (November 2009): 333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x09000621.

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In this testimony, Carla Pollastrelli charts the main stages leading to Grotowski's settlement in Pontedera in Italy and to the creation of the Workcenter of Jerzy Grotowski. As the Year of Grotowski, supported by UNESCO, draws to a close, her words provide a fitting tribute to a man whose influence has surpassed all geographical boundaries, whether those of his native Poland, adoptive Italy, or place of temporary refuge, the United States. Carla Pollastrelli is the co-director of the Fondazione Pontedera Teatro. Pontedera Teatro. From 1986 to 2000 she was an executive of the Workcenter of Jerzy Grotowski, which in 1996 was renamed the Workcenter of Jerzy Grotowski and Thomas Richards. She has edited translations of Grotowski's texts in Polish into Italian since 1978, and is the co-editor with Ludwig Flaszen of Il Teatr Laboratorium di Jerzy Grotowski, 1959–1969: testi e materiali di Jerzy Grotowski e Ludwik Flaszen con uno scritto di Eugenio Barba (Jerzy Grotowski's Laboratory Theatre, 1959–1969: Jerzy Grotowski and Ludwig Flaszen's Texts and Materials and a Text by Eugenio Barba (Fondazione Pontedera Teatro, 2001; second edition, La Casa Usher, 2007) and the collection of Grotowski's texts, Holiday e teatro delle fonti (Holiday and the Theatre of Sources, La Casa Usher, 2006).

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He, Ping, Li Liu, J. M. Ian Salas, Chao Guo, Yunfei Cheng, Gong Chen und Xiaoying Zheng. „Prenatal malnutrition and adult cognitive impairment: a natural experiment from the 1959–1961 Chinese famine“. British Journal of Nutrition 120, Nr. 2 (03.05.2018): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114518000958.

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AbstractThe current measures of cognitive functioning in adulthood do not indicate a long-term association with prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine. However, whether such association emerges in China is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the potential effect of prenatal exposure to the 1959–1961 Chinese famine on adult cognitive impairment. We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability implemented in thirty-one provinces in 2006, and restricted our analysis to 387 093 individuals born in 1956–1965. Cognitive impairment was defined as intelligence quotient (IQ) score under 70 and IQ of adults was evaluated by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – China Revision. Famine severity was defined as excess death rate. The famine impact on adult cognitive impairment was estimated by difference-in-difference models, established by examining the variations of famine exposure across birth cohorts. Results show that compared with adults born in 1956–1958, those who were exposed to Chinese famine during gestation (born in 1959–1961) were at greater risk of cognitive impairment in the total sample. Stratified analyses showed that this effect was evident in males and females, but only in rural, not in urban areas. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to famine had an enduring deleterious effect on risk of cognitive impairment in rural adults.

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He, Ping, Gong Chen, Chao Guo, Xu Wen, Xinming Song und Xiaoying Zheng. „Long-term effect of prenatal exposure to malnutrition on risk of schizophrenia in adulthood: Evidence from the Chinese famine of 1959–1961“. European Psychiatry 51 (Juni 2018): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.01.003.

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AbstractBackground:Schizophrenia is a common major mental disorder and prenatal nutritional deficiency may increase its risk. We aimed to investigate long-term impact of prenatal exposure to malnutrition on risk of schizophrenia in adulthood using the Chinese famine of 1959–1961 as a natural experiment.Methods:We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability implemented in 31 provinces in 2006, and restricted our analysis to 387,093 individuals born from 1956 to 1965. Schizophrenia was ascertained by psychiatrists based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision. Famine severity was defined as cohort size shrinkage index. The famine effect on adult schizophrenia was estimated by difference-in-difference models, established by examining the variations of famine exposure across birth cohorts.Results:Compared with the reference cohort of 1965, famine cohorts (1959–1962) had significantly higher odds (OR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.13, 3.00; P = 0.014) of schizophrenia in the rural population. After adjusting for multiple covariates, this association remained significant (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.98; P = 0.018). We did not observe statistically significant differences in odds of schizophrenia among famine cohorts compared with the reference cohort in the urban population.Conclusions:Prenatal malnutrition exposure has a detrimental impact on risk of schizophrenia in adulthood in the rural population. Further studies were needed to investigate corresponding mechanisms on this topic.

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NAGO, S. GILLES ARMEL, BRICE A. SINSIN und MARK-OLIVER RÖDEL. „The tadpole of Ptychadena schillukorum (Werner, 1908 1907) (Amphibia: Anura: Ptychadenidae)“. Zootaxa 2115, Nr. 1 (22.05.2009): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2115.1.6.

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The Ptychadenidae Dubois, 1987 are a frog family endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar (Frost 2008). Within the genus Ptychadena Boulenger, 1917 49 species are currently recognized as valid (Frost 2008), most of them breeding in temporary savanna ponds (Rödel 2000; Channing 2001; Channing & Howell 2006). In the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (PBR) in northern Benin this genus is extraordinary diverse. Here we recorded seven sympatric and partly syntopic Ptychadena species (Nago et al. 2006). The tadpoles of six West African species, P. bibroni (Hallowell, 1845), P. pumilio (Boulenger, 1920), P. oxyrhynchus (Smith, 1849), P. tellinii (Peracca, 1904), P. tournieri (Guibé & Lamotte, 1955) and P. trinodis (Boettger, 1881) have already been described (Lamotte & Zuber-Vogeli 1953; Guibé & Lamotte 1958; Lamotte et al. 1958, 1959; Lamotte & Perret 1961; Perret 1966; Rödel 2000; Rödel & Spieler 2000). Hence, P. schillukorum (Werner, 1908 “1907”) is the only West African savanna Ptychadena with an unknown tadpole. P. schillukorum ranges from Senegal, east to south-western Ethiopia and southern Somalia, south to Malawi, central Mozambique, south-eastern Democratic Republic of Congo and western Angola (Channing 2001; Nago et al. 2006). Recently it was reported from Egypt (Baha el Din 2006). It is hence either a very widespread savanna species or a member of a complex of cryptic species (see Nago et al. 2006 and Frost 2008 for synonyms of P. schillukorum). In West Africa it only occurs in drier savannas. In PBR these frogs breed in shallow savanna ponds, often in syntopy with Phrynobatrachus francisci Boulenger, 1912 and Phrynobatrachus natalensis (Smith, 1849) (Nago et al. 2006). The PBR is located in the Soudanian savanna zone in northern Benin (N 10°30-11°30, E 0°50-2°00). The climate is characterized by a short rainy season from late May or even June/July to early October. The mean annual precipitation is 1000 mm and the mean annual temperature is 27°C. For more details see Nago et al. (2006).

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