Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „1917-20“
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1
Maddox, Gregory. „Mtunya: Famine in Central Tanzania, 1917–20“. Journal of African History 31, Nr. 2 (Juli 1990): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700024993.
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In the Dodoma Region of central Tanzania the people called Wagogo name a famine that struck between 1917 and 1920 the Mtunya—‘The Scramble’. This famine came after both German and British miliary requisitions had drained the arid region of men, cattle and food. The famine, which killed 30,000 of the region's 150,000 people, is more than just a good example of what John Iliffe has called ‘conjunctural poverty’. The Mtunya and the response to it by both the people of the region and the new colonial government also shaped the form of the interaction between local economy and society and the political economy of colonial Tanganyika. The Gogo, in their own interpretation of the famine, stress the ways in which this famine made them dependent on the colonial economy. For them, this famine represented a terrible loss of autonomy, a loss of the ability to control the reproduction of their own society.
2
Hiley, B. J. „David Joseph Bohm. 20 December 1917—27 October 1992“. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 43 (Januar 1997): 107–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.1997.0007.
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On Tuesday 27 October 1992 David Bohm died of a heart attack while returning home from College, where we had been discussing the final details of our book The Undivided Universe (90).* We had been colleagues since joining Birkbeck College over 30 years ago and we spent many hours discussing a wide range of topics and writing many papers together. I will never forget those exciting and stimulating meetings. He would never spend any time on ordinary conversation, but he would immediately pick up on what we had been discussing the previous day and there would be no let–up in the discussion that followed until it was time to lecture or to go home. It was exhausting but it was exhilarating. What follows is an account of a radical independent thinker who made important contributions to physics yet had the courage to challenge the orthodoxy long before people realized there was a real problem. I hope that my personal involvment in his later work does not cloud the objectivity of this Memoir too much.
3
Edmunds, D. E., L. E. Fraenkel und M. Pemberton. „Frederick Gerard Friedlander. 25 December 1917 — 20 May 2001“. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 63 (Januar 2017): 273–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2016.0027.
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Gerard Friedlander was the son of Austrian communist intellectuals, who divorced when he was four. From the age of two he was raised by grandparents in Vienna, while his mother lived in Berlin as a communist organizer. Hitler came to power in 1933; Friedlander was sent to England, aged 16, in 1934; two years later, he won a scholarship to Trinity College, Cambridge. By 1940 he was a fully fledged applied mathematician who came to embrace both the European and British traditions of that subject. His work was marked by profound originality, by the importance of its applications and by the mathematical rigour of his treatment. The applications of his work changed over the years. The first papers (written between 1939 and 1941, but published only in 1946 for security reasons) were a contribution to Civil Defence: they presented entirely new and explicit results on the shielding effect of a wall from a distant bomb blast. The late papers were contributions to the general, more abstract theory of partial differential equations, but, characteristically, with concrete examples that illuminated obscure aspects of the general theory. Between these two, the middle years brought a flowering of results about the wave equation (including results for a curved space-time), of importance to both physicists and mathematicians.
4
Yeaman, Andrew R. J. „Gerald M. Torkelson February 28, 1917 — January 20, 1999“. Educational Technology Research and Development 47, Nr. 2 (Juni 1999): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02299465.
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5
Оглоблин, О. П. „Проблема схеми історії України 19-20 століття (до 1917 року)“. Український історичний журнал, Nr. 6 (531), листопад - грудень (2016): 192–210.
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6
Addington, Larry H., und Dale E. Wilson. „Treat `Em Rough: The Birth of American Armor, 1917-20.“ Journal of Military History 55, Nr. 1 (Januar 1991): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1986147.
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7
Jobard, Thierry. „1917, premiers pas dans le 20e siècle“. Sciences Humaines N° 299, Nr. 1 (01.01.2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sh.299.0004.
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8
Sokolova, Flera Kh, und Marina M. Panikar. „The Intelligentsia and the Anti-Bolshevik Regime in the Arkhangel´sk Region, 1918–20“. Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia 12, Nr. 1 (Januar 2023): 29–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/reg.2023.a919794.
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Abstract: This article seeks to trace the evolution of the sociopolitical stance of the intelligentsia of the European North of Russia under the conditions of the 1917 revolution and the anti-Bolshevik regime that followed (1918–20). The study utilizes a sociohistorical and cultural approach, according to which the intelligentsia is understood as a self-developing group of people professionally engaged in intellectual creative work and performing a socially significant role in the sphere of spiritual culture. The research is based on documents held at the State Archive of the Arkhangel'sk Region and periodicals published during the years 1917–20. The authors conclude that the bulk of the northern intelligentsia, who shared the values of the February Revolution, reacted cautiously and even negatively to the events of October 1917. However, the stance of the intelligentsia underwent a transformation during the Civil War as a result of their recognition of the lack of alternatives to the Bolsheviks.
9
Hunter, F. Robert. „Manufacturing Exotica: Edith Wharton and Tourism in French Morocco, 1917–20“. Middle Eastern Studies 46, Nr. 1 (Januar 2010): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00263200903432266.
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10
Bray, Kelvin, und Alexander Moulton. „Geoffrey Bertram Robert Feilden CBE. 20 February 1917 – 1 May 2004“. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 51 (Januar 2005): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2005.0009.
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Bob Feilden will be remembered by scientists and engineers around the world for his innovative work on industrial gas turbines which became, in the Ruston Type TAgas turbine, a prime mover of choice for all those who wanted high reliability and automatic or remote operation.
11
Evans, E. Raymond. „Henton Morrogh CBE FRS FREng. 29 September 1917 – 20 September 2003“. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 51 (Januar 2005): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2005.0019.
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Henton Morrogh devoted the whole of his working life to the study of cast iron, its structure, properties, applications and aspects of its production. He was particularly responsible for the development of techniques for preparing microspecimens to a state of perfection, which enabled him to study the morphology of the graphite phase, and he played a major role in the development of the revolutionary as–cast spheroidal graphite irons.He progressed from apprenticeship with British Cast Iron Research Association (BCIRA) to becoming its Director and was primarily responsible for the success of this Association and in establishing its worldwide reputation. He was a modest man, generous in the encouragement of his staff to perform research and to apply the results to the benefit of the iron founding industry. In short, it could be said that Henton Morrogh was the BCIRA and the BCIRA was Henton Morrogh–such was his unique character.
12
Lodder, Christina. „Art of the Commune: Politics and Art in Soviet Journals, 1917-20“. Art Journal 52, Nr. 1 (1993): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/777299.
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13
Adelman, Jonathan R., und A. G. Kavtaradze. „Military Specialists in the Service of the Republic of Soviets, 1917-20.“ American Historical Review 95, Nr. 2 (April 1990): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2163895.
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14
Yates, I. R. „Sir Frederick William Page CBE FREng. 20 February 1917 — 29 May 2005“. Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 52 (Januar 2006): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2006.0017.
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Sir Frederick Page was all round the most able member of the British aeronautical industry, a man of exceptional ability and integrity. Promoted rapidly in early life, he developed into a very progressive and innovative company manager, mastering all aspects as the industry went through a succession of painful mergers. Finally, as Chief Executive of the Aircraft Group of British Aerospace he developed very perceptive industrial strategies with excellent financial and risk management. The sum total of his contribution to the British aerospace community over a period of 45 years until his retirement in 1983 was greater than that of any other individual.
15
Lin, Yuexin Rachel. „White water, Red tide: Sino-Russian conflict on the Amur 1917-20“. Historical Research 90, Nr. 247 (13.01.2017): 76–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2281.12166.
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16
Shmelev, Anatol. „The allies in Russia, 1917–20: Intervention as seen by the whites1“. Revolutionary Russia 16, Nr. 1 (Juni 2003): 87–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546540308575766.
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Williams, Christopher. „War, revolution and medicine: The case of the Petrograd doctors, 1917–20“. Revolutionary Russia 4, Nr. 2 (Dezember 1991): 259–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546549108575573.
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18
Demichev, Aleksei. „Periodization of the history of the magistrate’s court in Russia: a chrono-discrete approach“. Gosudarstvo i pravo, Nr. 10 (2023): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520027958-4.
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The article proposes a periodization of the history of the magistrate’s court in Russia, based on the methodology of chrono-discrete monogeographical comparative jurisprudence. As the boundaries of the periods, the dates of the adoption of regulatory legal acts that introduced, abolished or radically reformed the institution of the magistrate's court in Russia are proposed. In the history of the magistrate’s court in Russia, the authors distinguish six periods: 1) November 20, 1864 - July 12, 1889 - the period of the functioning of the magistrate’s court in the Russian Empire on the basis of the Judicial Charters on November 20, 1864; 2) July 12, 1889 - June 15, 1912 - the period of territorially limited action of the magistrate’s court in the Russian Empire, when there was a replacement in most places of justices of the peace with zemstvo district chiefs; 3) June 15, 1912 - March 3, 1917 - the period in which an attempt was made to restore the magistrate’s court throughout the Russian Empire; 4) March 3, 1917 - November 22 (December 5), 1917 - the period of attempts by the Provisional Government to reform world justice; 5) November 22 (December 5), 1917 - December 17, 1998 - a chrono-discrete pause in the history of the magistrate’s court in Russia; 6) December 17, 1998 - present - the period of functioning of the institution of the Justice of the Peace in the Russian Federation on the basis of the Federal Law “On magistrates in the Russian Federation” and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
19
Gatilov, Eduard V., und Vadim P. Nikolashin. „Sources on Problematics of Land Conflict in the Black Earth Village: 1917–20“. Herald of an archivist, Nr. 4 (2021): 1039–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2021-4-1039-1050.
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The article analyses historical sources on land conflict in the Black Earth village of the early Soviet period. Since the dynamics of land conflicts, their diversity, and ratios characterize the dominants of behavioral pattern acceptable in the agricultural environment, land conflict is considered an indicator of peasant identity; its study actualizes the need to identify sources that most fully reveal the features of social behavior through the analysis of causality, content, and consequences of land conflict. The research methodology has determined a comprehensive analysis of sources, including materials of the All-Russian Agricultural Census of 1917 (settlement and communal forms); documents of volost, uezd, and gubernia land and conflict commissions that were to eliminate contradictions between peasant societies in the process of land redistribution; statistical materials on land conflicts in the RSFSR in the early 1920s. Integrated approach to sources has resulted in microhistorical analysis of specific land conflicts within individual volosts and uezds of the Black Earth gubernias and in formation of concept and classification of land conflicts. The problem of narrowness of the source base, containing quantitative data on land conflicts, has determined the use of alternative sources and methodological ways to overcome it. Thus, retro-expert method of studying sources has permitted to identify and analyze production (land shortage, configuration, location of a land plot, labor costs) and non-production (justice, administrative resource) markers of land conflicts. The sources analysis suggests that functional significance of the peasant identity in the Black Earth region in 1917–20 consisted in the fact that, having retained in its algorithm for survival while minimizing needs, the Black Earth peasantry was able to survive as an independent social stratum physically, economically, and spiritually. This, in turn, determined the subsequent contradictions in the agrarian and political development of the country.
20
Bongers, Tom, Aldo Zullini und Pieter Loof. „Free-living nematodes from nature reserves in Costa Rica. 2. Mononchina“. Nematology 4, Nr. 1 (2002): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854102760082168.
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AbstractIn soil, moss and freshwater habitats of tropical forests in Costa Rica, 20 mononch species were found. Two are described as new species. Mononchus laminatus n. sp. (L = 1.5-1.9 mm, buccal capsule 29-31 × 11-14 μm, c′ = 3.6-4.9, similar to M. aquaticus but with a subventral lamina present in anterior part of buccal cavity, and amphid aperture posterior to the dorsal tooth) and Miconchus gomezi n. sp. (similar to M. digiturus, but with slender body, vulva cuticularised and with a reduced posterior genital branch). The known species are redescribed, the well-known ones briefly, the less known more extensively. Brazilian and Costa Rican specimens of Paracrassibucca paucidentata Lordello, 1970 were studied and a lectotype has been designated. The other species found are: Mononchus truncatus Bastian, 1865; M. aquaticus Coetzee, 1968; M. tunbridgensis Bastian, 1865; Coomansus parvus (de Man, 1880); Coomansus sp. (C. zschokkei-group); Prionchulus muscorum (Dujardin, 1845); P.punctatus Cobb, 1917; Cobbonchus coetzeeae Andrássy, 1970; Mylonchulus contractus Jairajpuri, 1970; M. hawaiiensis (Cassidy, 1931); M. obtusicaudatus (von Daday, 1899); M. parabrachyuris (Thorne, 1924); M. sigmaturus Cobb, 1917; Mulveyellus monhystera (Cobb, 1917); Iotonchus tenuidentatus (Kreis, 1924); I. trichurus Cobb, 1917 and Miconchus digiturus (Cobb, 1893).
21
Levy, Carl. „The centre and the suburbs: Social protest and modernization in Milan and Turin, 1898–1917“. Modern Italy 7, Nr. 2 (November 2002): 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1353294022000012961.
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SummaryThis article focuses on two points of disorder and social-political tension in the histories of Milan and Turin: 1898 and 1917. It examines the reasons for different shapes of protest during the ‘ Fatti di Maggio ‘ in 1898 and the events in the summer of 1917. Both cities are the hubs of Italian industrialization and modernization but in 1898, 1917 and later in 1919-20, ‘pre-modern’ protests about the price of bread were melded together with modern political mobilization. This article also examines the growth of working-class suburbs in each city and their relationship to the ‘historic city centres’ on the one hand and the rural hinterland on the other. The uniqueness of protest in each city is related to the political economy and politics of Milan and Turin and the specific relationships between city centre, suburbs and hinterlands in each. The importance of municipal history for the national historical narrative of modern Italy is thus emphasized in this article.
22
Sidikov, Bakhodir. „Auf den Leib eingeschrieben, auf das Foto gebannt? – Fotografische Konturen des muslimischen Leibes in Russisch-Mittelasien vor 1917. Ein Versuch zur historischen Körpersoziologie“. Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques 73, Nr. 4 (26.04.2020): 831–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asia-2019-0022.
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AbstraktInscribed on the body, locked within the photo? – Photographic contours of Muslim body in Russian Central Asia before 1917. An essay of historical sociology of the bodyDer folgende Beitrag besteht aus zwei Teilen. Im ersten Teil werden sowohl theoretische Überlegungen und Konzepte wie auch methodologische Annäherungen an das oben angekündigte Thema vorgestellt. Im zweiten Teil werden ausgewählte historische Ansichtskartenfotografien aus Russisch-Mittelasien vor 1917 praxeologisch (praxistheoretisch) analysiert mit dem Ziel, relevante historische Inhalte zu generieren. Der Zeitraum der Analyse orientiert sich an dem Aufkommen der Ansichtskarte an der Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert. In dieser Zeit etabliert sie sich in Europa bzw. Russland als das erste globale Massenkommunikationsmedium.Holzheid 2011.
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Ketcherside, Chris. „Dale E. Wilson. 2018. Treat ‘Em Rough! The Birth of American Armor 1917–20“. Vulcan 9, Nr. 1 (02.03.2022): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134603-09010009.
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24
Gyss, Jean-Marie. „La dissolution du Musée alsacien (20 janvier 1917) d’après le Journal de Charles Spindler“. Revue d’Alsace, Nr. 148 (25.11.2022): 253–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/alsace.5508.
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Dhona, Holy Rafika. „WACANA KEMADJOEAN DI KELOMPOK ETNIS SUNDA AWAL ABAD 20“. INFORMASI 45, Nr. 2 (01.02.2016): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v45i2.7992.
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AbstractKemadjoean (progress) was a key term for all social movement in the early 20th century Dutch East Indies. This article argued that the discourse of progress has no single meaning throughout the Dutch East Indies, but instead, it was practiced differently by people from different cultural communities. This article focuses on how the discourse of progress was negotiated by the Sundanese ethnic group. Using Foucauldian discourse analysis on the texts of Papaes Nonoman Newspaper (1914-1917), this studi found that, besides being interpreted as “an attempt to become Dutch”, the notion of progress was understood by the Sundanese specifically as a way to liberate Sundanese culture from the domination of Javanese culture.AbstrakKemadjoean menjadi istilah kunci bagi semua gerakan sosial pribumi Hindia Belanda di awal abad 20. Tulisan ini meyakini bahwa wacana kemajuan dipraktikkan berbeda dalam tiap komunitas kultural. Tulisan ini membahas bagaimana kemajuan dipahami, didiskusikan dan dinegosiasikan oleh kelompok etnis Sunda pada dekade awal abad 20. Menggunakan analisis wacana Foucauldian pada teks Surat Kabar Papaes Nonoman (1914-1917), penelitian ini menemukan bahwa selain kemajuan dipahami sebagai ‘usaha menjadi Belanda’-sebagaimana umumnya terjadi di Hindia Belanda, kemajuan secara khusus dipahami oleh etnis Sunda sebagai pembebasan budaya Sunda dari dominasi budaya etnis Jawa.
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Арцабович, Павел Сергеевич. „Parish clergy of the Oryol diocese on the eve of the February 1917 revolution“. Церковный историк, Nr. 1(7) (15.06.2022): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/ch.2022.7.1.008.
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В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы Орловского духовенства накануне Февральской революции 1917 года. На основе статистических данных и газетных публикаций автор приходит к выводу о неудовлетворительном положении Орловского духовенства накануне Великой Российской революции. Неустойчивое финансовое положение духовенства крайне медленно решалось государственной властью - при 20-ти кратном, с конца XIX, увеличении приходов на казенном жаловании, 1/3 приходов епархии к 1917 все так же были его лишены. Так же отмечается, что сам размер жалования Орловского духовенства был на крайне низком уровне, что не соответствовало той роли, которая отводилась духовенству в системе государственной власти. Владение причтом земельным участком, как мера поддержки духовенства, оказалось лишь обузой для священнослужителей. Для обработки земли не было сил, а сдача земли крестьянам в аренду создавала лишь трения и конфликты. К тому же для крестьянского сознания владение священниками землей считалось не справедливым, что в 1917 году выразится в повальном занятии крестьянами церковных земель. Проблема платы за требоисправления (порой единственной возможности дохода для священника) была самой острой. Бедность крестьянства, его невозможность и часто нежелание платить за церковные обряды, очень сильно били по благосостоянию духовенства, ставя последних в разряд просителей, униженных. Подобное состояние духовенства лишало его авторитета у прихожан, что и показали революционные события 1905-1907 гг., когда увещевания священников остановить аграрные беспорядки не возымели никакого действа. Все эти факторы и стали, по мысли автора, решающими в марте 1917 года, когда орловское духовенство поддержало начавшуюся революцию, надеясь на изменение своего положения. The article deals with the main problems of the Oryol clergy on the eve of the February 1917 revolution. On the basis of statistical data and newspaper publications the author comes to a conclusion about unsatisfactory situation of Oryol clergy on the eve of the Great Russian Revolution. Unstable financial condition of clergy was very slowly solved by the government - at 20-fold increase of parishes on public wages from the end of XIX century, 1/3 of parishes of the diocese in 1917 still were without it. It is also noted, that the salary of the Oryol clergy was at an extremely low level, which did not correspond to the role which was given to clergy in the system of the state power. Ownership of land by the parish, as a means of supporting the clergy, proved to be a burden on the clergy. There were no forces to work the land, and the leasing of land to peasants created only tension and conflicts. In addition, the ownership of land by the clergy was deemed unjust, and in 1917 it was manifested in a massive encroachment by the peasants on church properties. The problem of payment for the demand (sometimes the only source of income for the clergy) was most acute. The poverty of the peasantry and their inability and often unwillingness to pay for church services seriously affects the welfare of the clergy, and puts them in a category of beggars and humiliated. This condition deprived the clergy of their authority with their parishioners, as was shown by the revolutionary events of 1905-1907, when priests' exhortations to stop the agrarian unrest had no effect. The author believes these factors were decisive in March 1917, when the Oryol clergy supported the revolution, which had begun, in the hope of changing their position.
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Soms, Henrihs. „1917. GADA LATGALES LATVIEŠU KONGRESS: DALĪBNIEKI UN ACULIECINIEKU ATMIŅAS“. Via Latgalica, Nr. 9 (05.05.2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/latg2017.9.2700.
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Kongresā piedalījās ap 350 dalībnieku, no tiem 232 delegāti ar balsstiesībām. Svinīgajā gājienā piedalījās ap 20 – 30 tūkstošu atbalstītāju. Kongresa otrās dienas divās fotogrāfijās fiksēti 117 Franča Trasuna viedokļa atbalstītāji un 72 Franča Kempa piekritēji. Pēc nemierīgās pirmās dienas mājās aizbrauca vairāki dalībnieki. Kongresa dalībnieku saraksts nav saglabājies. Kongresa gaita netika stenografēta. Pieņemtās rezolūcijas tika iesniegtas redkolēģijai (Valerija Seile, Vladislavs Rubulis u. c.), kura 1917. gada 15 (28).maijā, 17 dienas pēc kongresa, rezolūcijas pilnībā publicēja „Latgolas Pagaidu Zemes Padūmes Ziņojumā“. Līdz tam laikraksts „Drywa”, „Jaunais Vārds”, „Brīvais Strēlnieks” publicēja atsevišķas rezolūcijas un sniedza pārskatu par to saturu. Iespējams, ka arhīvu fondos Latvijā un ārpus tās ir iegūluši pagastu delegātu vēlēšanu protokoli. Līdz šim pētnieki nav izmantojuši arhīvu liecības. Šī apstākļa dēļ nozīmīgi ir tā laika preses materiāli un kongresa aculiecinieku atmiņas. Vēstures avotu analīze pašlaik ļauj atpazīt vairāk nekā 60 kongresa dalībniekus. Šo personu loku iespējams paplašināt, ja sarakstā iekļauj kongresa organizācijas komisijas locekļus un kongresā izveidotās Latgales Pagaidu zemes padomes locekļus (36 personas), kuru dalība kongresā nav dokumentāli pierādīta. Vēstures literatūrā Rēzeknes kongresu mēdz saukt par baznīckungu kongresu. 1917. gadā mūsdienu Latgales teritorijā bija 66 katoļu draudzes. Ja katra draudze uz kongresu virzīja savu pārstāvi, tad katoļu garīdznieku īpatsvars nevarēja būt lielāks par ceturto daļu (66 no 232). Daži pētnieki uzskata, ka kongresā piedalījies ap 30 garīdzniekiem. Precīzākas ziņas par garīdznieku dalību kongresā var iegūt, pētot draudžu prāvestu biogrāfijas. Nozīmīgākās tā laika publikācijas par kongresa norisi ir laikrakstā „Līdums“, „Drywa“, „Jaunais Vārds“, „Liaužu Bolss“, „Brīvais Strēlnieks“. Pēc šīm publikācijām iespējams rekonstruēt tā laika norises Rēzeknē, arī kongresa gaitu. „Jaunais Vārds“ (1917, 5., 6., 10. maijs) ir minējis 17 dalībnieku uzvārdus. Laikraksts „Drywa“ (1917, 1. maijs) norāda, ka kongresā bija pieteikušies 30 runātāji, bet uzvārdi nav minēti. Atmiņas par Latgales kongresu ir uzrakstījuši vairāki dalībnieki – Francis Kemps, Juris Pabērzs, Jānis Rubulis, Jāzeps Rancāns, Pēteris Lazdāns, Jānis Velkme. Lielākā daļa no tām rakstītas krietnu laiku pēc 1917. gada kongresa. Piemēram, J. Velkme atmiņas rakstījis jau mūža nogalē. Savukārt J. Pabērza atmiņas publicētas kongresa 10. gadadienā 1927. gadā. Tas ļāva autoram kritiski izvērtēt kongresa diskusijas, izsakot simpātijas F. Kempa nostājai. F. Kemps kongresa iespaidus atainojis 20 gadus pēc notikušā – kultūrvēsturiskajā apcerējumā „Latgales likteņi“ (1938). Viņa versijā noteicēji Rēzeknes kongresā bijuši garīdznieki un visapkārt valdījusi eiforija, kas nav ļāvusi izdiskutēt novadam svarīgos jautājumus vēl pirms kongresa. Latgales kongresa norises analizējuši pētnieki Miķelis Bukšs, Alfrēds Goba, Pēteris Pudulis, Tadeušs Puisāns, Staņislavs Škutāns, Ādolfs Šilde u. c., kā arī trimdas un Latvijas sabiedriskie darbinieki. Tajos dominē kongresa pieņemto lēmumu un to īstenošanas izvērtējums. Mazāk ir ziņu par pašu kongresu 1917. gadā.
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Chemakin, Anton. „Kiev Monarchist Congress (“The Congress of Ukrainian Conservatives”) 18‒20 July 1918“. OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, Nr. 12-3 (01.12.2021): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202112statyi73.
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The paper is devoted to the meeting of South Russian monarchists, which took place in Kiev on 18-20 July 1918 under the guise of “the Congress of Ukrainian Conservatives”. It was the first congress after the Emperor’s abdication in March 1917. It presented its own view of the events of the 1917 Revolution and took some steps in the direction of the unification of Ukrainian conservative forces. The author cites various opinions about this congress from the press of the period. Using the minutes of the meetings which remain deposited in the Central State Archives of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine and the The Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, the author provides the detailed account of the course of this congress. The article provides the lists of the speakers at the congress, the main content of their speeches, as well as the decisions regarding the main reports. Particular attention is paid to the information about P.N. Durnovo’s memorandum, which was provided by one of the speakers.
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Yerolympos, Alexandra. „Thessaloniki (Salonika) before and after 1917. twentieth century planning versus 20 centuries of urban evolution“. Planning Perspectives 3, Nr. 2 (Mai 1988): 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02665438808725657.
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Yeykelis, Igor. „Odessa Maccabi 1917–20: The development of sport and physical culture in Odessa's Jewish community“. East European Jewish Affairs 28, Nr. 2 (Dezember 1998): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501679808577882.
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Пшибышевский В., И. диак. „The Greek Church and the Papacy in Italy in the Middle Ages and Modern Times“. Церковный историк, Nr. 3(9) (15.09.2022): 187–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/ch.2022.9.3.012.
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Данная публикация посвящена выявленным в архивном фонде Поместного Собора 1917–1918 гг. документам, содержащим обращения отдельных лиц и целых сообществ в адрес Собора, Святейшего Синода, министра исповеданий и иных инстанций с протестом против возможного изъятия изучения религии из школы. Поводом для появления данных обращений стали действия Временного правительства в июле 1917 года, завуалированно направленные на вытеснение из школьной системы преподавания одного из главных предметов — Закона Божия, что вызвало неоднозначную реакцию у православного населения в виде обращений с просьбами о защите их прав обучать детей основам Православия, адресованных к разным инстанциям, одним из которых стал Поместный Собор. Письма на Собор о Законе Божием изменили план работы Собора, его устав, повлияли на активность соборян. Хронологически весь массив обращений делится на две части, которые зависят от источника обеспокоенности Церкви: до декабря 1917 года — в связи с июльским законом о «Свободе совести» и после 20 января 1918 года — в связи с декретом «Об отделении церкви от государства и школы от церкви». В обращениях отражена общая картина того времени, выражена точка зрения мирян на происходящее в стране, и содержатся практические рекомендации по повышению эффективности преподавания основ Православия. Публикуемые материалы были выявлены в фонде Собора № 3431, хранящегося в Государственном архиве Российской Федерации. The publication is devoted to the documents discovered in the archival fund of the Local Council of 1917–1918 which contain appeals of individuals and entire communities to the Council, the Holy Synod, the Minister of Confessions and other authorities with a protest against the possible withdrawal of religion lessons from school. The reason for the appearance of such appeals was the actions of the Provisional Government in July 1917, privately aimed at exclude one of the main subjects, the Law of God, from the school system. As a result, the law «On Freedom of Conscience» received a negative reaction from the Orthodox population who requested for the protection of their rights to teach the basics of Orthodoxy to children, from various authorities, one of which was the Local Council. Letters to the Council about the Law of God studies changed the Council work plan and its charter as well as they influenced the activity of the Councilors. Chronologically, the entire array of appeals is divided into two parts, which depend on the source of the Church's concern: before December 1917 — in connection with the July law «On Freedom of Conscience» and after January 20, 1918 — in connection with the decree «On the Separation of Church from State and School from the Church». Appeals reflect the general picture of that time, express the point of view of the laity on the state of things in the country, and contain practical recommendations for the effectiveness of teaching Orthodoxy. The published materials were found in the fund of the No. 3431, stored in the State Archives of the Russian Federation.
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Фролова, О. „В.М.НАГОРСКИЙ: СУДЬБА ИНЖЕНЕРА СВЯЗИ И ИЗОБРЕТАТЕЛЯ“. LAST MILE Russia 92, Nr. 7-8 (09.12.2020): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22184/2070-8963.2020.92.7-8.78.83.
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В.М.Нагорский (1870 – после 1917) известен узкому кругу исследователей истории связи своими необычными изобретениями на стыке телефонии и телеграфии. В начале 20 столетия блестящий инженер и организатор связи Нагорский внес существенный вклад в телефонизацию страны, в мятежном 1905 году налаживал связь в Сибири, сделал впечатляющую административную карьеру и достоин того, чтобы потомки и, особенно, коллеги помнили о нем.
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Дудник, Олена. „«ПРОСВІТА» УМАНЩИНИ ЗА ЧАСІВ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЇ РАДИ“. Уманська старовина, Nr. 8 (30.12.2021): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2519-2035.8.2021.249967.
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Ключові слова: «Просвіта», Уманський повіт, Київська губернія, культурно-освітня політика, Центральна Рада.
Анотація
Події Української революції 1917-1921 рр. сприяли заснуванню просвітницьких організацій, які своїм основним завданням вбачали надання різної допомоги населенню на ниві культурно-освітніх справ. У статті досліджується процес утворення товариств «Просвіта» в Уманському повіті Київської губернії. З огляду на вагомість реалізованих проектів в статті увага присвячена добі Центральної Ради.
Базуючись на архівних документах та матеріалах періодики, з’ясовано, що організаційні заходи з відродження просвітницького руху в Київській губернії були започатковані відразу після зміни політичного режиму. Головну увагу «Просвіти» краю приділяли праці в українських селах. У публікації встановлено, що просвітницькі організації в повіті почали виникати завдяки народній ініціативі, передусім проявам організаційних зусиль національно налаштованої місцевої інтелігенції та сільської молоді. Встановлено, що у більшості сіл Уманського повіту «Просвіти» виступали єдиними структурами, які проводили активну роботу серед населення, їх діяльність фокусувалася у культурницькій і освітній площині. Одним із головних завдань, що стояли перед просвітянами, було відкриття власних книгозбірень або бібліотек-читалень, придбання літератури і періодичних видань, організація курсів українознавства, поширення освітніх знань серед населення тобто все те, що могло сприяти пробудженню національної свідомості українців краю та їх об’єднанню. Фінансова допомога просвітянам краю надавалася органами місцевої влади, самоврядувань, окремими громадянами.
Посилання
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Rátkai, Árpád. „Lazar Markoviĉ Zamenhof kaj la Zamenhof-falsaĵaro“. Esperantologio / Esperanto Studies 4 (2009): 61–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.59718/ees68723.
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Lazar Markoviĉ Zamenhof (1859–1917), rusa judo naskiĝinta en la urbo Bjelostoko (Grodna gubernio, Rusio) iniciatis la Internacian Lingvon sub la plumnomo / pseŭdonimo Dr. Esperanto en la jaro 1887 en Varsovio. En la 20-a jarcento pro diversaj motivoj oni falsofaris kaj liajn nomon, plumnomojn, naskiĝlokon, etnan identecon kaj lian iniciaton. Ni detale montras la falsigojn kaj komparas ilin kun la veraj datumoj.
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陈, 小斌, 国泽 赵, 涛. 李, 艳. 詹, 阎昭 王, 立凤 王, 吉. 汤 et al. „龙门山断裂带西南段4.20芦山7.0级地震区的深部结构和孕震环境“. Chinese Science Bulletin 58, Nr. 20 (01.07.2013): 1917–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb2013-58-20-1917.
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王, 泽新. „氢原子在Ni(115)台阶面上的吸附和扩散“. Chinese Science Bulletin 38, Nr. 20 (01.10.1993): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb1993-38-20-1917.
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张, 竹如. „胶莱盆地中新类型金矿的发现“. Chinese Science Bulletin 39, Nr. 20 (01.10.1994): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb1994-39-20-1917.
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杨, 新林. „妊娠早期人滋养层组织中抑制素α和βA亚基mRNA的表达“. Chinese Science Bulletin 40, Nr. 20 (01.10.1995): 1917–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb1995-40-20-1917.
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侯, 自新, und 临渊 陆. „一类齐性半单空间“. Chinese Science Bulletin 41, Nr. 20 (01.10.1996): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb1996-41-20-1917.
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Varela, Raquel. „A Guerra das Guerras, a Revolução das Revoluções, 1917“. Revista Direito e Práxis 8, Nr. 3 (Juli 2017): 2227–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-8966/2017/29905.
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Resumo A revolução russa sucumbiu ao Termidor Estalinista, mas não se pode misturar a revolução – até 1927 – com a contra-revolução, daí então. Este artigo procura inserir a revolução russa no seu contexto histórico, no quadro do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado, entre o avanço do atraso russo em 1917 e a consolidação da social democracia alemã nos anos 20. O artigo inicia-se debatendo o impacto da I Guerra e da resistência a esta e seguidamente dialoga com a produção historiográfica realizada nas últimas duas décadas, com a abertura dos arquivos soviéticos. Argumentaremos aqui que estava tudo em aberto nos anos 20 da Europa do século XX, os germes da ditadura que se consolidou, a restauração do capitalismo que lhe seguiu, mas também a semente de uma sociedade igual e livre – e permanece hoje em aberto, ou seja, histórico.
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RÍOS, PILAR, RICARDO AGUILAR, ANA TORRIENTE, ARACELI MUÑOZ und JAVIER CRISTOBO. „Sponge grounds of Artemisina (Porifera, Demospongiae) in the Iberian Peninsula, ecological characterization by ROV techniques“. Zootaxa 4466, Nr. 1 (31.08.2018): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4466.1.10.
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Artemisina Vosmaer, 1885 is a poecilosclerid microcionoid sponge genus with 20 valid species, seven of which have been recorded in the Atlantic Ocean.The present study describes Artemisina sponge grounds in Iberia Peninsula. A. transiens is a sponge described in 1890 by Topsent in Galicia (Spain); A. hispanica was also collected in the north of Spain by Ferrer-Hernández (1917); World Porifera Database (WPD) considers at the moment both mushroom-shaped species as synonyms (van Soest et al., 2018), but we have only been able to check the types of A. hispanica. The studied samples were collected in Somos Llungo station and they correspond clearly to those described as A. hispanica by Ferrer-Hernández (1917) and it presents differences in the skeleton with respet to description of A. transiens in the literture. There are no more records after 1917 and there are no data of ecological characterisation nor is there a detailed description of its skeletal composition with Scanning Electron Microscopy. In the previous records the formation of sponge grounds of these species was not known. Oceana, the largest international organization focused solely on protecting the world’s oceans, has recorded the habitat of Artemisina in Atlantic and Cantabrian waters during a series of ROV cruises for the identification of marine areas with high ecological value that need protection. Its life conditions and associated fauna are described from direct observations for the first time.
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Machado, Lucília Regina De Souza. „A POLITECNIA NOS DEBATES PEDAGÓGICOS SOVIÉTICOS DAS DÉCADAS DE 20 E 30“. Revista Brasileira da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica 1, Nr. 18 (19.02.2020): e2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/rbept.2020.9575.
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A Revolução Russa de 1917 possibilitou a discussão da teoria materialista da educação, ensejando, especialmente nas décadas de 20 e 30 – momentos de sistematização dos princípios básicos desse novo referencial –, um debate político-pedagógico bastante rico, que vale a pena ser recuperado face às discussões atuais sobre a experiência soviética, que inclui, por extensão, os aspectos educacionais. Neste artigo, pretende-se abordar o conteúdo deste debate, focalizando-se, especialmente, a questão do ensino politécnico, identificando-se as definições e decisões formuladas, as principais contribuições nesse processo de sistematização, bem como as condições objetivas que condicionaram a materialização destes propósitos naquele momento.
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Jacobs, A. „Aufsteige mein Gebet. Früheste Tonaufnahmen russischer Kirchenmusik vor 1917. Tabor 8565. Gaildorf, Sybille von Skopnik. DM 20.“ Het Christelijk Oosten 41, Nr. 2 (12.11.1989): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/29497663-04102021.
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Dubenko, Dmytro. „ПЕРЕКРЕСТНЫЕ ТРОПЫ КИЕВСКОЙ ХИРУРГИИ (ЧАСТЬ 1). УНИВЕРСИТЕТСКАЯ КЛИНИКА“. Ukrainian Scientific Medical Youth Journal 117, Nr. 3 (07.09.2020): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32345/usmyj.3(117).2020.4-9.
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В работе освещены исторические аспекты развития и становления хирургии в Киеве в 19 и 20 веках. На основе архивных документов изображена хронология создания факультетской хирургической клиники Киевского университета святого Владимира. Описаны отдельные факты работы клиники во времена Российской империи, революционных событий 1917-1921 годов, Советской власти и немецкой оккупации Киева 1941-1943 годов. В работе представлены биографические факты о руководителях и работниках факультетской хирургической клиники, в частности, Евгении Черняховском, Юрии Вороном, Вере Гедройц, Николае Волковиче, Алексее Лазуренко.
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Demichev, Aleksey A., Valentina M. Bolshakova und Vera A. Ilyukhina. „Periodization of History of Judicial Transformations in Russia in the Second Half of the XIX to the XXI Century“. History of state and law 5 (20.05.2021): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3805-2021-5-34-45.
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The article proposes a periodization of judicial reforms in the Russian Empire, the RSFSR and the Russian Federation. The article proposes a distinction between the concepts of «judicial reform» and «judicial reform». There are distinguished and characterized six periods of judicial reforms in relation to the dynamics of the judicial system and legal proceedings in Russia in the second half of the XIX — XXI centuries: the first period (November 20, 1864 — July 1, 1899) — the judicial reform of 1864; the second period (July 1, 1899 — November 22 (December 5), 1917)) — the transformation of the judicial system and judicial proceedings created by the Judicial Statutes of 1864; the third period (November 22 (December 5), 1917 — May 25, 1922) — the judicial transformations of the first years of Soviet power; the fourth period (May 25, 1922 — July 10, 1923) — the judicial reform of 1922; the fifth period (July 10, 1923 — October 24, 1991) — transformation of the judicial system and judicial proceedings in the RSFSR, created during the judicial reform of 1922; the sixth period (October 24, 1991 — July 29, 2018) — judicial reform in the Russian Federation.
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Batalka, Krisztina. „Új műegyetemek alapítási kísérletei a 20. század első évtizedében- A csaknem megnyílt temesvári műegyetem“. Gerundium 10, Nr. 2 (14.09.2019): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29116/gerundium/2019/2/5.
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A dualizmus korának nagyarányú ipari fejlődése és a Királyi József Műegyetem túlzsúfoltsága miatt szükségessé vált a 20. század fordulóján egy második műegyetem felállítása. A szakemberek, a Királyi József Műegyetemtanárai, illetve a kormány is azt javasolta, hogy ezt az egyetemet Temesváron, a Délvidék ipari központjában hozzák létre. Ehhez mind gazdasági, oktatási és nemzeti szempontokat is figyelembe vettek.A konkrét tervekkel ugyan 1917-re elkészültek, de történelmi okok miatt az intézmény csak 1920 őszén nyílhatott meg, most viszont már román politechnikumként. Temesvár mellett Kassán tervezték a harmadikmagyar műszaki egyetem fölállítását, de az előkészületekkel nem jutottak olyan messzire, mint Temesvár esetében.
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Romaykina, Yulia S. „The image of the city in the literary digests Zemlya (Moscow Publishi ng House, 1908–1917)“. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 21, Nr. 4 (22.11.2021): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2021-21-4-433-438.
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The article describes the image of the city in the literary texts comprising 20 issues of the literary digest Zemlya (Moscow Publishing House, 1908–1917). Various city images (buildings and surrounding nature, urban dwellers) are analyzed in the literary works (both prose and verse) by the authors of Zemlya (M. Artsybashev, A. Kuprin, F. Sologub, V. Vinnichenko, N. Krasheninnikov, E. Chirikov, etc.). The analysis is accompanied by the journal and newspaper reviews of popular literary critics of the beginning of the 20th century.
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Kondratyev, M. А. „POLITICAL VIOLENCE IT THE CITY ELECTIONS IN PETRO-GRAD IN THE SPRING – SUMMER OF 1917“. Вестник Пермского университета. История, Nr. 3 (62) (2023): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2023-3-97-109.
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The aim of the article is to consider the change in the political culture of the revolution and the development of civil conflict through the prism of the manifestation of political violence in the elections to self-government of Petrograd in the spring and summer of 1917. Elections to the district dumas of the capital were organized by the Petrograd City Duma and the Provisional Government. The election campaign began in May 1917, and the elections themselves took place on May 27–29 and June 3–5, 1917. The elections to the district dumas were the first elections in the new Russia, summing up three months of democratic construction that began after the February Revolution. The election campaign for the Petrograd City Duma began in mid-August, and the elections took place on August 20. They marked the end of the municipal election campaigns that took place in Russia in the summer of 1917. As part of the case-study, the article reconstructs the manifestation of political violence against various actors participating in elections, and the impact of these practices on the transformation of civil conflict and the legitimization of political violence. In the elections to the district dumas of Petrograd, political violence became a traditional means of political struggle, legitimizing its use during elections in other cities of Russia. However, no political violence was used in the elections to the Petrograd City Duma. The author concludes that behind the apparent decrease in the level of political violence on the streets of Petrograd on the eve of the “Kornilov case” lies a process of even greater polarization of society and escalation of civil conflict, when one part of the society is noticeably radicalized with the tacit consent of the other, which led to the emergence of new, more tough and legitimate ultimatum forms of communication between various groups of the population and the authorities.
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Комар, Володимир. „СПІВПРАЦЯ ПОЛЬЩІ І УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ НАРОДНОЇ РЕСПУБЛІКИ У 20-Х РОКАХ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ“. Уманська старовина, Nr. 9 (23.12.2022): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2519-2035.9.2022.269859.
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Ключові слова: «Варшавська угода», «Союз Пілсудський–Петлюра», УНР, Симон Петлюра,Юзеф Пілсудський, «Київський похід».
У статті проаналізовано передумови, процес і результати Варшавської угоди 1920 р. між Польщею іУНР, яка в польській історіографії названа «Союзом Пілсудський–Петлюра». Розкрито також зміствійськової конвенції, була підписана 24 квітня 1920 року і стала додатком до самого договору і являла собоютаємну угоду про надання військової та економічної допомоги УНР у спільній війні з Радянською Росією.Продовженням згаданих угод став фінансовий польсько-український договір від 9 серпня 1920 р. Польськавлада виконувала союзницькі обов’язки перед Україною й на міжнародній арені.Правове, політичне, фінансове і дипломатичне забезпечення Варшавського договору, названого пізніше«Союзом Пілсудський–Петлюра», відбувалося майже одночасно зі спільним антибільшовицьким походом наКиїв, який розпочався 25 квітня 1920 р.Отже, відносини між Польщею і УНР у 20-х роках ХХ ст. еволюціонували від взаємного протистояннядо співпраці. Серед найважливіших актів цього періоду слід назвати Варшавську угоду, військову конвенцію іспільний польсько-український похід на Київ. Так, були закладені традиції польсько-української співпраці, якізнайшли своє продовження в майбутньому.
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Altunin, Sergey N., und Vladimir I. Vinokurov. „Ukrainian Neo-Nazism: рast and present“. Diplomaticheskaja sluzhba (Diplomatic Service), Nr. 3 (07.06.2022): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-01-2203-01.
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The article gives an answer to the question why it became possible to conduct a special operation of the Armed Forces of Russia. In order to answer it, the authors return readers to the history of Ukrainian statehood and use its concrete examples to show how Nazism originated and evolved in this country. It is emphasized that the birth of Ukrainian Nazism took place 100 years ago, with the formation of the Rada (Central Council of Ukraine) in Kiev on March 17, 1917 under the leadership of one of the most prominent figures of Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism, historian Professor Hrushevsky M. S. and the adoption by Armenia on June 23, 1917 of the First Universal (Constitution), in which autonomy was proclaimed unilaterally, that is, independence of Ukraine was proclaimed. It was followed by the approval on November 20, 1917, first of the III Universal, in which the Ukrainian People's Republic was proclaimed as a federal part of Russia (white), and then — on January 22, 1918, of the IV Universal, in which the independence of the Ukrainian People's Republic was proclaimed, although the possibility of Ukraine entering into a federal connection with Russia after the convocation was left The Constituent Assembly of Ukraine. But a special contribution to the establishment of Ukrainian national-ism was made by the hetman regime of P. Skoropadsky, which lasted from April 28 to December 14, 1918, and the regime of Simon Petlyura in 1919–1920. Since 2014, the authorities in Kiev have been building their domestic and foreign policy taking into account the sinister traditions of their predecessors.